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Su S, Ding X, Hou Y, Liu B, Du Z, Liu J. Structure elucidation, immunomodulatory activity, antitumor activity and its molecular mechanism of a novel polysaccharide from Boletus reticulatus Schaeff. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.07.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zheng C, Rangsinth P, Shiu PHT, Wang W, Li R, Li J, Kwan YW, Leung GPH. A Review on the Sources, Structures, and Pharmacological Activities of Lucidenic Acids. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041756. [PMID: 36838743 PMCID: PMC9962123 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum has long been used as a multi-purpose plant and functional food. The pharmacological properties of G. lucidum are primarily attributed to its polysaccharides and triterpenoids. Ganoderic and lucidenic acids are the two major triterpenoids groups in G. lucidum. Despite the discovery of 22 types of lucidenic acids, research on lucidenic acids is significantly less extensive compared to that on ganoderic acid. To the best of our knowledge, for the first time, in this review, we aimed to summarize the sources, contents, chemical structures, and pharmacological effects, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-viral, neuroprotective, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-hypercholesterolemic, and anti-diabetic properties, of lucidenic acids. Studies on lucidenic acids are still preliminary and have several limitations. Therefore, more in-depth studies with optimal designs are essential for the development of lucidenic acids as medicines, functional foods, and nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwen Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Panthakarn Rangsinth
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Polly H. T. Shiu
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Renkai Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yiu-Wa Kwan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - George P. H. Leung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Correspondence:
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Yan S, Chen J, Zhu L, Guo T, Qin D, Hu Z, Han S, Wang J, Matias FB, Wen L, Luo F, Lin Q. Oryzanol alleviates high fat and cholesterol diet-induced hypercholesterolemia associated with the modulation of the gut microbiota in hamsters. Food Funct 2022; 13:4486-4501. [PMID: 35348138 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03464b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A high fat and cholesterol diet (HFCD) can modulate the gut microbiota, which is closely related with hypercholesterolemia. This study aimed to explore the anti-hypercholesterolemia effect of oryzanol, and investigate whether the function of oryzanol is associated with the gut microbiota and related metabolites. 16S rRNA and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry were applied for the gut microbiota and untargeted metabolomics, respectively. The results showed that HFCD significantly upregulated body fat accumulation and serum lipids, including triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and ratio of LDL-c/HDL-c, which induced hypercholesterolemia. Oryzanol supplementation decreased body fat accumulation and serum lipids, especially the LDL-c concentration and LDL-c/HDL-c ratio. In addition, the abundances of Desulfovibrio, Colidextribacter, norank_f__Oscillospiraceae, unclassified_f__Erysipelotrichaceae, unclassified_f__Oscillospiraceae, norank_f__Peptococcaceae, Oscillibacter, Bilophila and Harryflintia were increased and the abundance of norank_f__Muribaculaceae was decreased in HFCD-induced hyperlipidemia hamsters. Metabolites were changed after HFCD treatment and 9 differential metabolites belonged to bile acids and 8 differential metabolites belonged to amino acids. Those genera and metabolites were significantly associated with serum lipids. HFCD also disrupted the intestinal barrier. Oryzanol supplementation reversed the changes of the gut microbiota and metabolites, and intestinal barrier injury was also partly relieved. This suggests that oryzanol supplementation modulating the gut microbiota contributes to its anti-hyperlipidemia function, especially anti-hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Yan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China. .,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China
| | - Jihong Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Lingfeng Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Tianyi Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Dandan Qin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Zuomin Hu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Shuai Han
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Ji Wang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China
| | - Froilan Bernard Matias
- Department of Animal Management, College of Veterinary Science and Medicine, Central Luzon State University, 3120 Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
| | - Lixin Wen
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China
| | - Feijun Luo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Qinlu Lin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
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Proteomic Research on the Antitumor Properties of Medicinal Mushrooms. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216708. [PMID: 34771120 PMCID: PMC8588050 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal mushrooms are increasingly being recognized as an important therapeutic modality in complementary oncology. Until now, more than 800 mushroom species have been known to possess significant pharmacological properties, of which antitumor and immunomodulatory properties have been the most researched. Besides a number of medicinal mushroom preparations being used as dietary supplements and nutraceuticals, several isolates from mushrooms have been used as official antitumor drugs in clinical settings for several decades. Various proteomic approaches allow for the identification of a large number of differentially regulated proteins serendipitously, thereby providing an important platform for a discovery of new potential therapeutic targets and approaches as well as biomarkers of malignant disease. This review is focused on the current state of proteomic research into antitumor mechanisms of some of the most researched medicinal mushroom species, including Phellinus linteus, Ganoderma lucidum, Auricularia auricula, Agrocybe aegerita, Grifola frondosa, and Lentinus edodes, as whole body extracts or various isolates, as well as of complex extract mixtures.
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Li G, Peng X, Guo Y, Gong S, Cao S, Qiu F. Currently Available Strategies for Target Identification of Bioactive Natural Products. Front Chem 2021; 9:761609. [PMID: 34660543 PMCID: PMC8515416 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.761609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, biologically active natural products have gradually become important agents in the field of drug research and development because of their wide availability and variety. However, the target sites of many natural products are yet to be identified, which is a setback in the pharmaceutical industry and has seriously hindered the translation of research findings of these natural products as viable candidates for new drug exploitation. This review systematically describes the commonly used strategies for target identification via the application of probe and non-probe approaches. The merits and demerits of each method were summarized using recent examples, with the goal of comparing currently available methods and selecting the optimum techniques for identifying the targets of bioactive natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuling Peng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yajing Guo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaoxuan Gong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shijie Cao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Xu J, Pan Y, Liu Y, Na S, Zhou H, Li L, Chen F, Song H. A review of anti-tumour effects of ginsenoside in gastrointestinal cancer. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:1292-1301. [PMID: 33836068 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Gastrointestinal cancer, one of the major causes of cancer-related deaths in the world, refers to malignant conditions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and other organs. Although conventional therapy has been successful to some extent in cancer treatment, drug resistance and cancer recurrence still limit the therapeutic efficacy. There is increasing evidence indicating that ginsenoside, as a kind of high nutritional value and widely used traditional Chinese medicine, could contribute to the promotion of treatment in GI cancer, which deserves further investigation. KEY FINDINGS Based on previous studies, the possible mechanisms mainly include regulation of autophagy, apoptosis, proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. However, no studies recently have conducted a more in-depth review of the anti-cancer effects of ginsenoside in GI cancer. SUMMARY Therefore, this review will summarise and analyse the latest developments in the anti-tumour effects of ginsenosides in GI cancer, thus may promote further research of the anti-tumour efficacy of ginsenoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yunxia Pan
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Integrative Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Sha Na
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Integrative Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Integrative Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Integrative Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Fengyuan Chen
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Integrative Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Hang Song
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Integrative Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
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Xu J, Chen F, Wang G, Liu B, Song H, Ma T. The Versatile Functions of G. Lucidum Polysaccharides and G. Lucidum Triterpenes in Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:6507-6516. [PMID: 34429657 PMCID: PMC8380140 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s319732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
G. lucidum has a long history of thousands of years in China and is closely related with the lives of the Chinese people. It is reported to cure various diseases due to its high nutritional value and wide range of uses. The fascinating effects of G. lucidum have tethered a multitude of efforts to explore its effective ingredients and supplement functions. At present, many cancer research studies have reported the G. lucidum polysaccharides (GLPs) and G. lucidum triterpenes (GLTs) as the main active ingredients in G. lucidum, which have shown positive effects on radiotherapy and chemotherapy. GLPs or GLTs treatment synergizes with radiotherapy and chemotherapy through multiple pathways, including oxidative stress, apoptosis, immune microenvironment, etc. Therefore, this review aims to analyze and summarize these complex molecules from G. lucidum in order to create more treatment options for cancer patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengyuan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoquan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, 101149, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hang Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, 101149, People’s Republic of China
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El-Khashab IH. Antiangiogenic and Proapoptotic Activities of Atorvastatin and Ganoderma lucidum in Tumor Mouse Model via VEGF and Caspase-3 Pathways. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2021; 22:1095-1104. [PMID: 33906301 PMCID: PMC8325138 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.4.1095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The statin drug Atorvastatin (AT) used for cholesterol reduction and Ganoderma lucidum (Gl) mushroom extract exhibited satisfactory antitumor activities towards various types of cancer. OBJECTIVE The present study was designed to evaluate the apoptotic and antiangiogenic effects of Atorvastatin and/or Ganoderma lucidum against Ehrlich solid tumor inoculated in female mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Atorvastatin (AT) or/and Ganoderma lucidum (Gl) extract were administered to mice bearing tumor alternatively for 28 days after 10 days of tumor cells inoculation. Mice were divided into 5 equal groups as follows: Control (C): Normal mice, Ehrlich (E): mice injected in thigh with EAC cells, (E+AT): mice bearing solid tumor that received an intraperitoneal dose of Atorvastatin (10 mg/kg). Group (4): (E+Gl): mice bearing solid tumor that received an oral dose of Ganoderma lucidum (28 mg/kg) Group (5): (E+AT+Gl): mice bearing solid tumor that received intraperitoneal dose of Atorvastatin and oral dose of Ganoderma lucidum. RESULTS showed that administration of Atorvastatin and/or Ganoderma lucidum to mice bearing tumor, reduced tumor size, increased MDA level and decreased GSH, SOD and CAT levels in tumor tissues. Histopathological study showed high attenuation in tumor cells associated with antiangiogenesis illustrated by extravasation of blood vessels between tumor cells. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated high reduction of the angiogenic marker Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) with remarkable increase of the apoptotic protein markers cytochrome-c and caspase-3. Conclusion: Atorvastatin and Ganoderma lucidum may have anticancer, apoptotic and antiangiogenic activities by reducing tumor growth in Ehrlich solid tumor. Their antitumor effect is exerted through the antiangiogenesis effect in tumor cells which is confirmed by the decrease of the angiogenic marker (VEGF protein) as well as by inducing significant increase in the apoptotic protein markers cytochrome-c and caspase-3. It is noticeable that the antitumor activity is ameliorated by the combination of the two treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Hesham El-Khashab
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Zhao Y, Zheng W. Deciphering the antitumoral potential of the bioactive metabolites from medicinal mushroom Inonotus obliquus. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 265:113321. [PMID: 32877719 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The crude extracts of the medicinal mushroom Inonotus obliquus have been used as an effective traditional medicine to treat malicious tumors, gastritis, gastric ulcers, and other inflammatory conditions in Russia and most Baltic countries. AIM OF THIS REVIEW Deciphering the antitumoral potential of the bioactive metabolites from I. obliquus and addressing its possibility to be used as effective agents for tumor treatment, restoration of compromised immunity and protection of gastrointestinal damage caused by chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analysed the current achievements and dilemma in tumor chemo- or immunotherapy. In this context, we searched the published literatures on I. obliquus covering from 1990 to 2020, and summarized the activities of antitumor, antioxidation, and immunomodulation by the polysaccharides, triterpenoids, small phenolic compounds, and hispidin polyphenols. By comparing the merits and shortcomings of current and traditional methodology for tumor treatment, we further addressed feasibility for the use of I. obliquus as an effective natural drug for tumor treatment and prevention. RESULTS The diverse bioactive metabolites confer I. obliquus great potential to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis. Its antitumor activities are achieved either through suppressing multiple oncogenic signals including but not limited to the activation of NF-κB and FAK, and the expression of RhoA/MMP-9 via ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. The antitumor activities can also be achieved by inhibiting tyrosinase activity via PAK1-dependent signaling pathway or altering lysosomal membrane permeabilization through blocking tubulin polymerization and/or disturbing energy metabolism through LKB1/AMPK pathway. In addition, the metabolites from I. obliquus also harbour the potentials to reverse MDR either through selective inhibition on P-gp/ABCB1 or MRP1/ABCC1 proteins or the induction of G2/M checkpoint arrest in tumor cells of chemoresistant phenotypes mediated by Nox/ROS/NF-kB/STAT3 signaling pathway. In addition to the eminent effects in tumor inhibition, the metabolites in I. obliquus also exhibit immunomodulatory potential to restore the compromised immunity and protect against ulcerative damage of GI tract caused by chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS I. obliquus possesses the potential to reduce incidence of tumorigenesis in healthy people. For those whose complete remission has been achieved by chemotherapy, administration of the fungus will inhibit the activation of upstream oncogenic signals and thereby prevent metastasis; for those who are in the process of chemotherapy administration of the fungus will not only chemosensitize the tumor cells and thereby increasing the chemotherapeutic effects, but also help to restore the compromised immunity and protect against ulcerative GI tract damage and other side-effects induced by chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China.
| | - Weifa Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China.
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Wende M, Sithole S, Chi GF, Stevens MY, Mukanganyama S. The Effects of Combining Cancer Drugs with Compounds Isolated from Combretum zeyheri Sond. and Combretum platypetalum Welw. ex M.A. Lawson (Combretaceae) on the Viability of Jurkat T Cells and HL-60 Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6049728. [PMID: 33623782 PMCID: PMC7875619 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6049728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Combretum zeyheri and Combretum platypetalum have been shown to have anticancer, antibacterial, antituberculosis, and antifungal effects in both in vivo and in vitro studies. This study sought to evaluate the antiproliferative effects of compounds isolated from C. zeyheri and C. platypetalum on Jurkat T and HL-60 cancer cell lines in combination with doxorubicin and/or chlorambucil. At their GI50 concentrations, the isolated compounds were combined with the corresponding GI50 of chlorambucil and doxorubicin. The cytotoxic effects of the combined compounds were determined on BALB/c mouse peritoneal cells. All the 4 isolated compounds had significant cytotoxic effects on Jurkat T cells. Compounds CP 404 (1), CP 409 (2), CZ 453 (3), and CZ 455 (4) had GI50s on Jurkat T cells of 3.98, 19.33, 6.82, and 20.28 μg/ml, respectively. CP 404 (1), CP 409 (2), CZ 453 (3), and CZ 455 (4) showed GI50s of 14.18, 28.69, 29.87, and 16.46 μg/ml on HL-60 cancer cell lines, respectively. The most potent combination against Jurkat T cells was found to be CP 404 (1) and chlorambucil. This combination showed no cytotoxic effects when tested on BALB/c mouse peritoneal cells. It was concluded that the compounds extracted from C. zeyheri and C. platypetalum inhibit the growth of Jurkat T cells in vitro. The combination of the compounds with anticancer drugs enhanced their anticancer effects. The combination of CP 404 (1) and chlorambucil was found not to be toxic to normal mammalian cells. Therefore, CP 404 (1), 3-O-β-L-rrhamnopyranosyl-5,7,3'4',5'-pentahydroxyflavone, has the potential to be a source of lead compounds that can be developed for anticancer therapy. Further structure-activity relationship studies on this compound are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morris Wende
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Mt. Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Simbarashe Sithole
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zimbabwe, Mt. Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Godloves Fru Chi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Marc Y. Stevens
- Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, PO Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stanley Mukanganyama
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zimbabwe, Mt. Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe
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He J, Zhang W, Di T, Meng J, Qi Y, Li G, Zhang Y, Su H, Yan W. Water extract of sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum enhanced pd-l1 antibody efficiency through downregulation and relieved complications of pd-l1 monoclonal antibody. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110541. [PMID: 33152901 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Osteosarcoma is a malignant musculoskeletal tumor with early metastasis and a poor prognosis, especially in adolescents. Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss. Ex Fr.) Karst (G. lucidum), a traditional East Asian medicine, has been reported to play a critical role in antitumor and immunomodulatory activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and molecular mechanisms of water extract of sporoderm-broken spores of G. lucidum (BSGWE) on osteosarcoma PD-L1 (programmed cell death-ligand 1) transcriptional regulation, efficacy enhancement, and side effect remission. METHODS The antitumor effects on cell proliferation of BSGWE in osteosarcoma cells were detected by apoptosis flow cytometry, and the migration ability of HOS and K7M2 cells were evaluated by cell scratch assay. Potential signaling regulation of PD-L1 was detected by western blotting. To confirm the signaling pathway of BSGWE-related PD-L1 downregulation, a pho-STAT3 turnover experiment was carried out. Colivelin was administered as a pho-STAT3 activator to rescue the BSGWE-induced PD-L1 inhibition. To further study in vivo signaling, in a Balb/c osteosarcoma allograft model, tumor volume was measured using an in vivo bioluminescence imaging system. The body weight curve and tumor volume curve were analyzed to reveal the remission effects of BSGWE on PD-L1 antibody-related body weight loss and its immunomodulatory effects on the osteosarcoma and spleen. The PD-L1 expression level and expression of related transcription-factor pho-STAT3 in tumor cells and spleens were assessed by IHC analysis. RESULTS BSGWE suppressed the proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cells in vitro via induction of apoptosis. In addition, BSGWE downregulated PD-L1 expression and related STAT3 (signal transducers and activators of transcription) phosphorylation levels in a dose-dependent manner. Western blotting and qRT-PCR assay revealed that BSGWE downregulated PD-L1 expression by inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation. A turnover experiment showed that colivelin administration could rescue PD-L1 inhibition via pho-STAT3 activation. BSGWE not only downregulated PD-L1 expression via the STAT3 pathway in an allograft Balb/c mouse model, but also relieved complications including weight loss and spleen atrophy in a mouse monoclonal antibody therapy model on the basis of its traditional advantages in immune enhancement. CONCLUSION BSGWE downregulated PD-L1 expression via pho-STAT3 inhibition of protein and RNA levels. BSGWE enhanced PD-L1 antibody efficacy via phosphorylated STAT3 downregulation in vitro and in vivo. BSGWE also relieved complications of weight loss and spleen atrophy in a murine allograft osteosarcoma immune checkpoint blockade therapy model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming He
- The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Campus, 88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, China; Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University Huajiachi Campus, 268 Kaixuan Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310029, China.
| | - Wenkan Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Campus, 88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, China; Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University Huajiachi Campus, 268 Kaixuan Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310029, China.
| | - Tuoyu Di
- The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Campus, 88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, China; Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University Huajiachi Campus, 268 Kaixuan Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310029, China.
| | - Jiahong Meng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Campus, 88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, China; Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University Huajiachi Campus, 268 Kaixuan Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310029, China.
| | - Yiying Qi
- The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Campus, 88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, China; Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University Huajiachi Campus, 268 Kaixuan Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310029, China.
| | - Guoqi Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Campus, 88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, China; Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University Huajiachi Campus, 268 Kaixuan Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310029, China.
| | - Yuxiang Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Campus, 88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, China; Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University Huajiachi Campus, 268 Kaixuan Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310029, China.
| | - Hang Su
- The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Campus, 88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, China; Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University Huajiachi Campus, 268 Kaixuan Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310029, China.
| | - Weiqi Yan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Campus, 88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, China; Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University Huajiachi Campus, 268 Kaixuan Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310029, China.
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12
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Lam CS, Cheng LP, Zhou LM, Cheung YT, Zuo Z. Herb-drug interactions between the medicinal mushrooms Lingzhi and Yunzhi and cytotoxic anticancer drugs: a systematic review. Chin Med 2020; 15:75. [PMID: 32724333 PMCID: PMC7382813 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00356-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lingzhi and Yunzhi are medicinal mushrooms commonly used with cytotoxic chemotherapy in cancer patients in Asian countries. The current systematic review aims to identify potential pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic interactions from the existing literature to ensure their effective and safe combination usage in cancer patients. METHODS A systematic search was conducted on nine major Chinese and English databases, including China Journal Net, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, and Ovid MEDLINE®, etc., to identify clinical, animal, and in-vitro studies that evaluate the effect of combined use of Lingzhi or Yunzhi with cytotoxic drugs. The Jadad scale was used to assess the quality of clinical studies. RESULTS This search identified 213 studies, including 77 clinical studies that reported on the combined use of cytotoxic drugs with Yunzhi (n = 56) or Lingzhi (n = 21). Majority of these clinical studies demonstrated modest methodological quality. In clinical practice, the most commonly used cytotoxic drugs with Lingzhi were cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and paclitaxel, whereas Tegafur/uracil (UFT)/Tegafur, 5-FU, and mitomycin were the ones used more often with Yunzhi. Only two clinical pharmacokinetic studies were available showing no significant interactions between Polysaccharide K (PSK) and Tegafur. From the pharmacodynamic interactions perspective, combination uses of Yunzhi/Lingzhi with cytotoxic drugs in clinical practice could lead to improvement in survival (n = 31) and quality of life (n = 17), reduction in tumor lesions (n = 22), immune modulation (n = 38), and alleviation of chemotherapy-related side effects (n = 14) with no reported adverse effects. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the clinical combination use of Lingzhi or Yunzhi with cytotoxic drugs could enhance the efficacy and ameliorate the adverse effects of cytotoxic drugs, leading to improved quality of life in cancer patients. More high quality clinical studies including pharmacokinetic herb-drug interactions studies are warranted to verify these observations and mechanisms involved. Based on the high quality clinical data, pharmacoepidemiology methods and bioinformatics or data mining could be adopt for further identification of clinical meaningful herb-drug interactions in cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Sing Lam
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lok Pui Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Min Zhou
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon City, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yin Ting Cheung
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong Zuo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
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Facile strategy by hyaluronic acid functional carbon dot-doxorubicin nanoparticles for CD44 targeted drug delivery and enhanced breast cancer therapy. Int J Pharm 2020; 578:119122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Li X, Xie Y, Peng J, Hu H, Wu Q, Yang BB. Ganoderiol F purified from Ganoderma leucocontextum retards cell cycle progression by inhibiting CDK4/CDK6. Cell Cycle 2019; 18:3030-3043. [PMID: 31544588 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1667705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to purify molecules possess anti-cancer cell activity from the fruit body of Ganoderma leucocontextum. Bio-activity-guided purification and chromatographic separation of Ganoderma leucocontextum extract led to the enrichment of bioactive fractions and isolation of a single compound. The purified compound was identified as Ganoderiol F, which induced cancer cell death. In the in vivo experiments, we founded ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction inhibited tumor growth in the mice injected with 4T1 cells. We found that Ganoderiol F-mediated suppression of breast cancer cell viability occurred through cell cycle arrest. Ganoderiol F down-regulated expression of cyclin D, CDK4, CDK6, cyclin E and CDK2 and inhibited cell cycle progression arresting the cells in G1 phase. In addition, Ganoderiol F up-regulated pro-apoptotic Foxo3, down-regulated anti-apoptotic c-Myc, Bcl-2 and Bcl-w leading to apoptosis in human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231. These results showed that c-Myc, cyclin D-CDK4/CDK6 and cyclin E-CDK2 are the central components of Ganoderiol F regulation of cell cycle progression. Hence Ganoderiol F may serve as a potential CDK4/CDK6 inhibitor for breast cancer therapy. Abbreviations: GLE: Ganoderma leucocontextum ethanol extract; GLEA: Ganoderma leucocontextum ethyl acetate fraction; GLPE: Ganoderma leucocontextum petroleum ether fraction; RP-HPLC: reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatograph; DMEM: Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium; FBS: fetal bovine serum; PAGE: polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangmin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China.,Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre , Toronto , Canada
| | - Yizhen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China.,Yuewei Edible Fungi Technology Co. Ltd ., Guangzhou , China
| | - Juanjuan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China
| | - Huiping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China
| | - Qingping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China
| | - Burton B Yang
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre , Toronto , Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
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Ganoderma Lucidum induces oxidative DNA damage and enhances the effect of 5-Fluorouracil in colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2019; 845:403065. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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16
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Sun Y, Sun L. Cellular and Molecular Mechanism of Ganoderma (Lingzhi) Against Tumor. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1182:79-118. [PMID: 31777015 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9421-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The anticancer potential of Ganoderma (Lingzhi) and its extracts has been widely demonstrated, including antiproliferative and apoptosis inductive, antimetastatic, antiangiogenic, and multidrug resistance reversional activities, involving a variety of cellular and molecular mechanisms besides antitumor immunology. Intrinsic- and extrinsic-initiated apoptotic pathway in association with cell cycle arresting, telomerase inhibiting, autophagy, and oxidative stress is involved in the antiproliferative and apoptosis inductive activities of Ganoderma and its extracts. The inhibition of tumor cell adhesion, invasion, and migration by Ganoderma and its extracts involves molecular mechanisms such as AP-1, NF-κB, MMP, cadherin, β-integrin, c-Met, FAK, EMT, and so on. Targeting the major pro-angiogenic stimulus, VEGF, and its receptor contributes to the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis by Ganoderma and its extracts. Inhibition against the ATP-dependent transmembrane drug transporter such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) on the surface of resistant tumor cells to prevent reduction of the intracellular accumulation of anticancer drugs by pumping out the drugs plays an important role in the activities of Ganoderma and its extracts to reverse tumor cell multidrug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Lixin Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China.
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Gurovic MSV, Viceconte FR, Pereyra MT, Bidegain MA, Cubitto MA. DNA damaging potential of Ganoderma lucidum extracts. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 217:83-88. [PMID: 29421594 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi or Reishi) is a medicinal mushroom historically used in Asian countries to treat a wide variety of diseases and prolong life. In the last years, G. lucidum has been internationally recognized as an effective adjuvant in cancer treatment. Among active components, the most recent research indicates that polysaccharides modulate the immune response favoring the recovery from toxicity of chemo and radiotherapy while triterpenes are cytotoxic to tumoral cells mainly by altering gene expression. Beyond this body of evidence on the efficacy of G. lucidum in cancer treatment, it is not yet understood whether these extracts exert the same mechanisms of action than current antitumoral drugs. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, we tested the DNA damaging potential of G. lucidum extracts by the β-galactosidase biochemical prophage induction assay (BIA) using doxorubicin, a DNA intercalating agent, as a positive control. This assay was traditionally used to screen microbial metabolites towards antitumoral agents. Here, we used this bacterial assay for the first time to assess DNA damage of herbal drugs. RESULTS After a bioguided assay, only a purified fraction of G. lucidum containing a mixture of C16 and C18:1 fatty acids exerted weak activity which could not be attributed to direct interaction with DNA. At the same concentrations, the induction observed for doxorubicin was clearly contrasting. CONCLUSIONS The micro BIA assay could be successfully used to demonstrate differences in cellular effects between G. lucidum extracts and doxorubicin. These results showed that G. lucidum extracts display weak DNA damaging potential. Since DNA injury promotes aging and cancer, our results substantiate the traditional use of this mushroom to prolong life.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Soledad Vela Gurovic
- CERZOS UNS-CONICET CCT-Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga Km7, B8000FWB Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), San Juan 670, B8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
| | - Fátima R Viceconte
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), San Juan 670, B8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
| | - Marcelo T Pereyra
- INQUISUR (UNS-CONICET), Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Avda. Alem 1253, B8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
| | - Maximiliano A Bidegain
- CERZOS UNS-CONICET CCT-Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga Km7, B8000FWB Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), San Juan 670, B8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
| | - María Amelia Cubitto
- CERZOS UNS-CONICET CCT-Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga Km7, B8000FWB Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), San Juan 670, B8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
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18
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Natural compounds and combination therapy in colorectal cancer treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 144:582-594. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Sharif S, Shahid M, Mushtaq M, Akram S, Rashid A. Wild Mushrooms: A Potential Source of Nutritional and Antioxidant Attributes with Acceptable Toxicity. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2017; 22:124-130. [PMID: 28702429 PMCID: PMC5503421 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2017.22.2.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes in detail proximate composition, nutritional profile, phytochemical constituents, antioxidant activities, antimicrobial potential, and antihemolytic activity (towards human erythrocytes) of various fractions of wild Ganoderma lucidum. Proximate analysis established that wild G. lucidum comprises about 87.02±5.45% of moisture, and the remaining part is a rich source of proteins (8.59±0.37%), crude fiber (54.21±1.2%), and carbohydrate (35.16%) with smaller fat content (3.33 %). Similarly, phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids (217.51±0.30 mg/g), ascorbic acid (116±7.32 mg/g), phenolics (360.72±34.07 mg/g), β-carotenes (0.42±0.04 μg/g), and lycopene (0.05±0.00 μg/g). Extracts of wild G. lucidum in various solvents provided first line protection against Escherichia coli and Pasteurella multocida in the order of ethyl acetate> ethanol> methanol> n-hexane> water. Furthermore, aqueous and methanolic extracts of wild G. lucidum were found to be safe towards human erythrocytes. Overall, wild mushroom (G. lucidum) was found to be a good source of dietary supplements, antimicrobial and antioxidant agents in the pursuance of its commercial utilization in food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaira Sharif
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mushtaq
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Sumia Akram
- Department of Chemistry, Kinnaird College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ayoub Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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Suo A, Qian J, Xu M, Xu W, Zhang Y, Yao Y. Folate-decorated PEGylated triblock copolymer as a pH/reduction dual-responsive nanovehicle for targeted intracellular co-delivery of doxorubicin and Bcl-2 siRNA. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 76:659-672. [PMID: 28482576 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Co-delivery of chemotherapeutic drug and small interfering RNA (siRNA) within a single nanovehicle has emerged as a promising combination therapy approach to treating cancers because of their synergistic effect. Nanocarrier delivery systems with low cytotoxicity and high efficiency are needed for such a purpose. In this study, a novel folate-conjugated PEGylated cationic triblock copolymer, poly(acrylhydrazine)-block-poly(3-dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide)-block-poly(acrylhydrazine) (PAH-b-PDMAPMA-b-PAH), was synthesized and evaluated as a stimuli-sensitive vehicle for the targeted co-delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) and Bcl-2 siRNA into breast cancer MCF-7 cells. The synthetic process of the PEGylated triblock copolymer involved sequential reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization, PEGylation and removal of tert-butoxy carbamate protecting groups. Folate-conjugated and/or -unconjugated poly(ethylene glycol) segments were grafted onto PAH-b-PDMAPMA-b-PAH via a reduction-sensitive disulfide linkage. The synthetic polymers were characterized by 1H NMR and gel permeation chromatography. The PEGylated triblock copolymer could chemically conjugate DOX onto PAH blocks via pH-responsive hydrazone bonds and simultaneously complex negatively charged Bcl-2 siRNA with cationic PDMAPMA blocks through electrostatic interactions at N/P ratios≥32:1 to form multifunctional nanomicelleplexes. The nanomicelleplexes exhibited spherical shape, possessed a positively charged surface with a zeta potential of +22.5mV and had a desirable and uniform particle size of 187nm. In vitro release studies revealed that the nanomicelleplexes could release DOX and Bcl-2 siRNA in a reduction and pH dual-sensitive manner and the payload release was significantly enhanced in a reductive acidic environment mimicking the endosomes/lysosomes of cancer cells compared to under physiology conditions. Furthermore, the release of both DOX and siRNA was found to follow Higuchi kinetic model. Confocal laser scanning microscopy, flow cytometry and MTT analyses confirmed that, compared with folate-undecorated nanomicelleplexes, folate-decorated nanomicelleplexes could more effectively co-deliver DOX and Bcl-2 siRNA into MCF-7 cells and showed a stronger cell-killing effect. The pristine PEGylated triblock copolymer exhibited good cytocompatibility. Moreover, co-delivery of DOX and Bcl-2 siRNA achieved a significant synergistic antitumor efficacy. These findings suggested that the folate-decorated PEGylated cationic triblock copolymer might be a promising vehicle for targeted intracellular co-delivery of DOX and siRNA in MCF-7 cells, representing a potential clinical combination therapy for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aili Suo
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Junmin Qian
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Minghui Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Weijun Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yu Yao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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Proteasome Inhibition Contributed to the Cytotoxicity of Arenobufagin after Its Binding with Na, K-ATPase in Human Cervical Carcinoma HeLa Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159034. [PMID: 27428326 PMCID: PMC4948917 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the possibility of developing cardiac steroids/cardiac glycosides as novel cancer therapeutic agents has been recognized, the mechanism of their anticancer activity is still not clear enough. Toad venom extract containing bufadienolides, which belong to cardiac steroids, has actually long been used as traditional Chinese medicine in clinic for cancer therapy in China. The cytotoxicity of arenobufagin, a bufadienolide isolated from toad venom, on human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells was checked. And, the protein expression profile of control HeLa cells and HeLa cells treated with arenobufagin for 48 h was analyzed using two-dimensional electrophoresis, respectively. Differently expressed proteins in HeLa cells treated with arenobufagin were identified and the pathways related to these proteins were mapped from KEGG database. Computational molecular docking was performed to verify the binding of arenobufagin and Na, K-ATPase. The effects of arenobufagin on Na, K-ATPase activity and proteasome activity of HeLa cells were checked. The protein-protein interaction network between Na, K-ATPase and proteasome was constructed and the expression of possible intermediate proteins ataxin-1 and translationally-controlled tumor protein in HeLa cells treated with arenobufagin was then checked. Arenobufagin induced apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest in HeLa cells. The cytotoxic effect of arenobufagin was associated with 25 differently expressed proteins including proteasome-related proteins, calcium ion binding-related proteins, oxidative stress-related proteins, metabolism-related enzymes and others. The results of computational molecular docking revealed that arenobufagin was bound in the cavity formed by the transmembrane alpha subunits of Na, K-ATPase, which blocked the pathway of extracellular Na+/K+ cation exchange and inhibited the function of ion exchange. Arenobufagin inhibited the activity of Na, K-ATPase and proteasome, decreased the expression of Na, K-ATPase α1 and α3 subunits and increased the expression of WEE1 in HeLa cells. Antibodies against Na, K-ATPase α1 and α3 subunits alone or combinated with arenobufagin also inhibited the activity of proteasome. Furthermore, the expression of the possible intermediate proteins ataxin-1 and translationally-controlled tumor protein was increased in HeLa cells treated with arenobufagin by flow cytometry analysis, respectively. These results indicated that arenobufagin might directly bind with Na, K-ATPase α1 and α3 subunits and the inhibitive effect of arenobufagin on proteasomal activity of HeLa cells might be related to its binding with Na, K-ATPase.
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Zhang DM, Feng LX, Liu M, Jin WH, Luo J, Nie AY, Zhou Y, Li Y, Wu WY, Jiang BH, Yang M, Hu LH, Guo DA, Liu X. Possible target-related proteins and signal network of bufalin in A549 cells suggested by both iTRAQ-based and label-free proteomic analysis. Proteomics 2016; 16:935-45. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Mei Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacy; Lanzhou General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Command of Chinese PLA; Lanzhou P. R. China
| | - Li-Xing Feng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Miao Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai P. R. China
| | | | - Ji Luo
- AB Sciex; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Ai-Ying Nie
- Thermo Fisher Scientific; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Thermo Fisher Scientific; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yin Li
- Thomson Reuters; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Wan-Ying Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Bao-Hong Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Min Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Li-Hong Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - De-An Guo
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai P. R. China
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Ben-Arye E, Samuels N, Goldstein LH, Mutafoglu K, Omran S, Schiff E, Charalambous H, Dweikat T, Ghrayeb I, Bar-Sela G, Turker I, Hassan A, Hassan E, Saad B, Nimri O, Kebudi R, Silbermann M. Potential risks associated with traditional herbal medicine use in cancer care: A study of Middle Eastern oncology health care professionals. Cancer 2015; 122:598-610. [DOI: 10.1002/cncr.29796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eran Ben-Arye
- Integrative Oncology Program, The Oncology Service and Lin Medical Center, Clalit Health Services; Haifa and Western Galilee District Israel
- Complementary and Traditional Medicine Unit, Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa Israel
| | - Noah Samuels
- Integrative Oncology Program, The Oncology Service and Lin Medical Center, Clalit Health Services; Haifa and Western Galilee District Israel
- Tal Center for Integrative Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center; Tel Hashomer Israel
| | | | - Kamer Mutafoglu
- Center for Palliative Care Research and Education, Dokuz Eylul University; Inciralti Izmir Turkey
| | - Suha Omran
- Faculty of Nursing; Jordan University of Science and Technology; Irbid Jordan
| | - Elad Schiff
- Department of Internal Medicine and Integrative Medicine Service; Bnai-Zion Hospital; Haifa Israel
- Department for Complementary Medicine, Law and Ethics, The International Center for Health, Law and Ethics; Haifa University; Israel
| | | | - Tahani Dweikat
- Sheikh Khalifa Medical City; Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Gil Bar-Sela
- Division of Oncology, Rambam Health Care Campus; Haifa Israel
| | - Ibrahim Turker
- Dr. A.Y Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital; Ankara Turkey
| | - Azza Hassan
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research; Doha Qatar
| | - Esmat Hassan
- Botany Department; National Research Centre; Dokki Giza Egypt
| | - Bashar Saad
- Qasemi Research Center, Al-Qasemi Academy; Baqa El-Gharbia Israel
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Arab American University; Jenin Palestinian Authority
| | - Omar Nimri
- Department of Cancer Prevention; Ministry of Health; Amman Jordan
| | - Rejin Kebudi
- Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty; Istanbul University; Istanbul Turkey
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Li D, Lu Y, Sun P, Feng LX, Liu M, Hu LH, Wu WY, Jiang BH, Yang M, Qu XB, Guo DA, Liu X. Inhibition on Proteasome β1 Subunit Might Contribute to the Anti-Cancer Effects of Fangchinoline in Human Prostate Cancer Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141681. [PMID: 26512898 PMCID: PMC4626104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Fangchinoline is a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Radix Stephaniae tetrandrae S. Moore. Fangchinoline and its structure analogue, tetrandrine, exhibited direct binding affinity with recombinant human proteasome β1 subunit and also inhibited its activity in vitro. In cultured prostate PC-3 cells and LnCap cells, fangchinoline could dose-dependently inhibit cell proliferation and caspase-like activity of cellular proteasome which was mediated by proteasome β1 subunit. The inhibitive effect of fangchinoline on caspase-like activity of proteasome was also observed in purified human erythrocyte 20S proteasome. In PC-3 cells, fangchinoline induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and apoptosis. Treatment of PC-3 tumor-bearing nude mice with fangchinoline inhibited tumor growth, induced apoptosis and also caused decrease in proteasome activities in tumor xenografts. Dose-dependent and time-dependent accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins and important proteasome substrates such as p27, Bax and IκB-α were observed in fangchinoline-treated cells. Over-expression of proteasome β1 subunit by plasmid transfection increased sensitivity of cells to the cytotoxicity of fangchinoline while knockdown of proteasome β1 subunit ameliorated cytotoxicity of fangchinoline in PC-3 cells. Results of the present study suggested that proteasome inhibition was involved in the anti-cancer effects of fangchinoline. Fangchinoline and its structure analogues might be new natural proteasome inhibitors targeting β1 subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, P.R. China
| | - Yu Lu
- Nanjing Tianyi Bioscience Co. Ltd, Nanjing 210061, P.R. China
| | - Peng Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Li-Xing Feng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Miao Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hong Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Wan-Ying Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Hong Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Min Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Bo Qu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, P.R. China
| | - De-An Guo
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (DG); (XL)
| | - Xuan Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (DG); (XL)
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Yue Q, Feng L, Cao B, Liu M, Zhang D, Wu W, Jiang B, Yang M, Liu X, Guo D. Proteomic Analysis Revealed the Important Role of Vimentin in Human Cervical Carcinoma HeLa Cells Treated With Gambogic Acid. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 15:26-44. [PMID: 26499837 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.053272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gambogic acid (GA) is an anticancer agent in phase IIb clinical trial in China. In HeLa cells, GA inhibited cell proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and apoptosis, as showed by results of MTT assay and flow cytometric analysis. Possible target-related proteins of GA were searched using comparative proteomic analysis (2-DE) and nine proteins at early (3 h) stage together with nine proteins at late (24 h) stage were found. Vimentin was the only target-related protein found at both early and late stage. Results of both 2-DE analysis and Western blotting assay suggested cleavage of vimentin induced by GA. MS/MS analysis of cleaved vimentin peptides indicated possible cleavage sites of vimentin at or near ser51 and glu425. Results of targeted proteomic analysis showed that GA induced change in phosphorylation state of the vimentin head domain (aa51-64). Caspase inhibitors could not abrogate GA-induced cleavage of vimentin. Over-expression of vimentin ameliorated cytotoxicity of GA in HeLa cells. The GA-activated signal transduction, from p38 MAPK, heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), vimentin, dysfunction of cytoskeleton, to cell death, was predicted and then confirmed. Results of animal study showed that GA treatment inhibited tumor growth in HeLa tumor-bearing mice and cleavage of vimentin could be observed in tumor xenografts of GA-treated animals. Results of immunohistochemical staining also showed down-regulated vimentin level in tumor xenografts of GA-treated animals. Furthermore, compared with cytotoxicity of GA in HeLa cells, cytotoxicity of GA in MCF-7 cells with low level of vimentin was weaker whereas cytotoxicity of GA in MG-63 cells with high level of vimentin was stronger. These results indicated the important role of vimentin in the cytotoxicity of GA. The effects of GA on vimentin and other epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers provided suggestion for better usage of GA in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxi Yue
- From the ‡Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; §Institute of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; ¶College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China;
| | - Lixing Feng
- From the ‡Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Biyin Cao
- ‖College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Miao Liu
- From the ‡Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- From the ‡Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanying Wu
- From the ‡Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Baohong Jiang
- From the ‡Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Yang
- From the ‡Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- From the ‡Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dean Guo
- From the ‡Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; ¶College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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27
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Li D, Song XY, Yue QX, Cui YJ, Liu M, Feng LX, Wu WY, Jiang BH, Yang M, Qu XB, Liu X, Guo DA. Proteomic and bioinformatic analyses of possible target-related proteins of gambogic acid in human breast carcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells. Chin J Nat Med 2015; 13:41-51. [PMID: 25660287 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(15)60005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Gambogic acid (GA) is an anticancer agent in phase ‖b clinical trial in China but its mechanism of action has not been fully clarified. The present study was designed to search the possible target-related proteins of GA in cancer cells using proteomic method and establish possible network using bioinformatic analysis. Cytotoxicity and anti-migration effects of GA in MDA-MB-231 cells were checked using MTT assay, flow cytometry, wound migration assay, and chamber migration assay. Possible target-related proteins of GA at early (3 h) and late stage (24 h) of treatment were searched using a proteomic technology, two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). The possible network of GA was established using bioinformatic analysis. The intracellular expression levels of vimentin, keratin 18, and calumenin were determined using Western blotting. GA inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells. Additionally, GA exhibited anti-migration effects at non-toxic doses. In 2-DE analysis, totally 23 possible GA targeted proteins were found, including those with functions in cytoskeleton and transport, regulation of redox state, metabolism, ubiquitin-proteasome system, transcription and translation, protein transport and modification, and cytokine. Network analysis of these proteins suggested that cytoskeleton-related proteins might play important roles in the effects of GA. Results of Western blotting confirmed the cleavage of vimentin, increase in keratin 18, and decrease in calumenin levels in GA-treated cells. In summary, GA is a multi-target compound and its anti-cancer effects may be based on several target-related proteins such as cytoskeleton-related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Song
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qing-Xi Yue
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ya-Jun Cui
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Li-Xing Feng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wan-Ying Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bao-Hong Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Min Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Qu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
| | - Xuan Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - De-An Guo
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
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28
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Liu RM, Li YB, Liang XF, Liu HZ, Xiao JH, Zhong JJ. Structurally related ganoderic acids induce apoptosis in human cervical cancer HeLa cells: Involvement of oxidative stress and antioxidant protective system. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 240:134-44. [PMID: 26282491 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Ganoderic acids (GAs) produced by Ganoderma lucidum possess anticancer activities with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the role of oxidative stress in apoptotic process induced by GAs is still undefined. In this study, the effects of four structurally related GAs, i.e. GA-T, GA-Mk, and two deacetylated derivatives of GA-T (GA-T1 and GA-T2) on the antioxidant defense system and induced apoptosis in cervical cancer cells HeLa were investigated in vitro. Our results indicated that the tested GAs (5-40 μM) induced apoptotic cell death through mitochondrial membrane potential decrease and activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3. Furthermore, GAs increased the generation of intracellular ROS and attenuated antioxidant defense system by decreasing glutathione (GSH) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities. The above effects were remarkably blocked by the exogenous antioxidants, i.e. N-acetylcysteine, catalase and diphenyleneiodonium chloride. The potency of the four GAs toward induced apoptosis, generation of ROS and suppression of antioxidant defense system was in the order of: GA-T > GA-Mk ≈ GA-T1 > GA-T2 in HeLa cells. These findings suggest that GAs induced mitochondria-dependent cell apoptosis in HeLa cells are mediated via enhancing oxidative stress and depressing antioxidant defense. Additionally, the acetylation of hydroxyl groups in GAs may contribute to their pro-oxidant activities and cytotoxicity, which is helpful to the development of novel chemotherapy agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Ming Liu
- Guizhou Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi, 563000, PR China
| | - Ying-Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
| | - Xiang-Feng Liang
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
| | - Hui-Zhou Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
| | - Jian-Hui Xiao
- Guizhou Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi, 563000, PR China.
| | - Jian-Jiang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and Laboratory of Molecular Biochemical Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong-Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
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29
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Oliveira M, Reis FS, Sousa D, Tavares C, Lima RT, Ferreira ICFR, dos Santos T, Vasconcelos MH. A methanolic extract of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body inhibits the growth of a gastric cancer cell line and affects cellular autophagy and cell cycle. Food Funct 2015; 5:1389-94. [PMID: 24892846 DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00258j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum is one of the most extensively studied mushrooms as a functional food and as a chemopreventive agent due to its recognized medicinal properties. Some G. lucidum extracts have shown promising antitumor potential. In this study, the bioactive properties of various extracts of G. lucidum, from both the fruiting body and the spores, were investigated. The most potent extract identified was the methanolic fruiting body extract, which inhibited the growth of a gastric cancer cell line (AGS) by interfering with cellular autophagy and cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Oliveira
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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30
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Cheng S, Sliva D. Ganoderma lucidum for cancer treatment: we are close but still not there. Integr Cancer Ther 2015; 14:249-57. [PMID: 25626896 DOI: 10.1177/1534735414568721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The medicinal fungus Ganoderma lucidum has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for millennia to improve health and promote longevity. The idea of using G. lucidum for cancer treatment is based on numerous laboratory and preclinical studies with cancer and immune cells as well as animal models demonstrating various biological activities in vitro and in vivo. For example, G. lucidum possesses cytotoxic, cytostatic, antimetastatic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulating activities. Limited clinical studies, including case reports and randomized controlled trials, suggest G. lucidum as an alternative adjunct therapy for stimulating the immune system in cancer patients. To confirm the efficacy of G. lucidum in cancer treatment, systematic translational research programs should be started worldwide. In addition, only standardized preclinically evaluated, biologically active G. lucidum extracts should be used in alternative treatments. This approach will lead to the development of standardized G. lucidum preparations with specific chemical fingerprint-associated anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Cheng
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Methodist Research Institute, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Daniel Sliva
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Methodist Research Institute, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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31
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Chidambara Murthy KN, Jayaprakasha GK, Patil BS. Citrus limonoids and curcumin additively inhibit human colon cancer cells. Food Funct 2014; 4:803-10. [PMID: 23584140 DOI: 10.1039/c3fo30325j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, we examined the ability of limonoids, including limonin, limonin glucoside (LG) and curcumin, to inhibit proliferation of human colon cancer (SW480) cells. Additionally, we studied the effect of combining these two classes of natural compounds on inhibition of proliferation and the possible mode of cytotoxicity. The SW480 cells were treated with compounds individually and in combination to understand the effect on cell death, DNA fragmentation, caspase-3 activity and the expression of Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3 proteins. Results of cell proliferation assays suggest that combinations of limonoids with curcumin at three different ratios (1 : 3, 1 : 1 and 3 : 1) to a final concentration of 50 ppm demonstrated up to 96% inhibition of cell proliferation. The MTT assay results were also confirmed by counting viable cells. Further, incubation of cells with combinations of limonoids and curcumin resulted in elevation of total cellular caspase-3 activity by 3.5-4.0 fold along with a 2- to 4-fold increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. The expression of pro-caspase-3 and its cleaved products in cells treated with curcumin (individually or combination) indicates higher potency of the combination to induce apoptosis. For the first time, this study provides compelling evidence of the pharmacodynamic additive effect of limonoids and curcumin in inhibiting human colon cancer cells. The above results were also confirmed by fluorescence microscopy of SW480 cells treated with limonoids, curcumin and combination, after tagging with fluorescent probes. These results suggest that consumption of curcumin and limonoids together may offer greater protection against colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotamballi N Chidambara Murthy
- Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845-2119, USA
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32
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Feng L, Zhang D, Fan C, Ma C, Yang W, Meng Y, Wu W, Guan S, Jiang B, Yang M, Liu X, Guo D. ER stress-mediated apoptosis induced by celastrol in cancer cells and important role of glycogen synthase kinase-3β in the signal network. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e715. [PMID: 23846217 PMCID: PMC3730400 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
HeLa cells treated with celastrol, a natural compound with inhibitive effect on proteasome, exhibited increase in apoptotic rate and characteristics of apoptosis. To clarify the signal network activated by celastrol to induce apoptosis, both the direct target proteins and undirect target proteins of celastrol were searched in the present study. Proteasome catalytic subunit β1 was predicted by computational analysis to be a possible direct target of celastrol and confirmed by checking direct effect of celastrol on the activity of recombinant human proteasome subunit β1 in vitro. Undirect target-related proteins of celastrol were searched using proteomic studies including two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) analysis and iTRAQ-based LC-MS analysis. Possible target-related proteins of celastrol such as endoplasmic reticulum protein 29 (ERP29) and mitochondrial import receptor Tom22 (TOM22) were found by 2-DE analysis of total cellular protein expression profiles. Further study showed that celastrol induced ER stress and ER stress inhibitor could ameliorate cell death induced by celastrol. Celastrol induced translocation of Bax into the mitochondria, which might be related to the upregulation of BH-3-only proteins such as BIM and the increase in the expression level of TOM22. To further search possible target-related proteins of celastrol in ER and ER-related fractions, iTRAQ-based LC-MS method was use to analyze protein expression profiles of ER/microsomal vesicles-riched fraction of cells with or without celastrol treatment. Based on possible target-related proteins found in both 2-DE analysis and iTRAQ-based LC-MS analysis, protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was established using bioinformatic analysis. The important role of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) in the signal cascades of celastrol was suggested. Pretreatment of LiCL, an inhibitor of GSK3β, could significantly ameliorate apoptosis induced by celastrol. On the basis of the results of the present study, possible signal network of celastrol activated by celastrol leading to apoptosis was predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Feng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China
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33
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Wu GS, Guo JJ, Bao JL, Li XW, Chen XP, Lu JJ, Wang YT. Anti-cancer properties of triterpenoids isolated from Ganoderma lucidum – a review. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2013; 22:981-92. [DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2013.805202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Sheng Wu
- University of Macau, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences,
Macao, China
| | - Jia-Jie Guo
- University of Macau, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences,
Macao, China
| | - Jiao-Lin Bao
- University of Macau, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences,
Macao, China
| | - Xi-Wen Li
- University of Macau, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences,
Macao, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Chen
- University of Macau, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences,
Macao, China
| | - Jin-Jian Lu
- University of Macau, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences,
Macao, China
| | - Yi-Tao Wang
- University of Macau, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences,
Macao, China
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34
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Zhao S, Zhao H, Zhang X, Li Y, Du Y. Off-the-shelf microsponge arrays for facile and efficient construction of miniaturized 3D cellular microenvironments for versatile cell-based assays. LAB ON A CHIP 2013; 13:2350-2358. [PMID: 23640113 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc50183c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The integration of microfabrication and biomaterials enables construction of miniaturized 3D microenvironments with biomimetic micro-architectural and functional features to advance cell-based assays for mechanism investigation of physio/pathology and for prediction of drug responses. However, current biomaterials-assisted constructions of miniaturized 3D cellular microenvironments usually involve cells in the microfabrication process, limiting their wide application in most biomedical labs, where expertise and facilities are not readily available. Here we tackle this challenge by developing off-the-shelf microsponge arrays as pre-formed micro-patterned templates which can separate the microfabrication steps from the cell-handling steps and miniaturize the cell-based assays. The microsponge arrays with tailored microarchitectures (e.g. micropillar/well arrays or bifurcated vascular network) could be stored and delivered to distant locations as ready-to-use chips. The highly porous and microscale sponges enabled automatic and uniform loading of cellular niche components (cells, matrices and soluble factors) by simply pipetting, making it accessible to any lab with basic cell culture setups. Meanwhile, the chips containing miniaturized 3D cellular microenvironments with versatile micro-architectural designs could be integrated (i.e. by autoloading and sandwiching) to enable novel 3D cell-based assays (e.g. discrete gradient-based cytotoxicity test and horizontal 3D invasion assay) in an efficient and parallel manner. The off-the-shelf platform based on microsponge array is expected to be widely applicable across multiple disciplines in cell biology, cell/tissue engineering and pharmacological science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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35
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Dong DW, Xiang B, Gao W, Yang ZZ, Li JQ, Qi XR. pH-responsive complexes using prefunctionalized polymers for synchronous delivery of doxorubicin and siRNA to cancer cells. Biomaterials 2013; 34:4849-59. [PMID: 23541420 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A nanocarrier delivery system that can simultaneously deliver a chemotherapeutic drug and siRNA to the tumor is emerging as a promising treatment strategy for cancer treatment. In this study, a multifunctional PHD/PPF/siRNA complexes was developed by one-step assembly of prefunctionalized polymers: PEI-HZ-DOX (PHD) and PEI-PEG-Folate (PPF) with siRNA. The PHD, a conjugate of PEI (polyethylenimine) with doxorubicin (DOX) via a pH-responsive hydrazone linkage, enables pH-controlled drug release. The PPF, a tumor-targeting folate ligand conjugated to PEI using polyethyleneglycol (PEG) as a linker, enables immune evasion and cell-specific targeting. The prefunctionalized PHD and PPF as well as the self-assembly complexes reveals advantage on safety in further application for siRNA delivery. By exploiting distinct triple ratios of PHD, PPF and siRNA during nanocomplexes formulation, the folate surface density, DOX loading amount and siRNA complexation can be precisely and reproducibly changed. The studies showed that the complexes was capable of delivering siRNA and DOX to cancerous cells and release synchronously in cell by acid-triggered manner, i.e. hydrazone bond cleavage and endosome/lysosome escape using flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis. The results highlight the potential for therapeutic gene silencing in vitro and in vivo using RT-PCR and non-invasive in vivo imaging systems. The PHD/PPF/siRNA complexes can increase DOX and siRNA accumulation in cancerous cells and decrease the nonspecific distribution in normal tissues by the combination of EPR effect of nanocarriers, pH-triggered drug release, folate-mediated targeted delivery, and synergistic action of DOX and siRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Wen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, PR China
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Ríos JL, Andújar I, Recio MC, Giner RM. Lanostanoids from fungi: a group of potential anticancer compounds. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:2016-2044. [PMID: 23092389 DOI: 10.1021/np300412h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Lanostanes are a group of tetracyclic triterpenoids derived from lanosterol. They have relevant biological and pharmacological properties, such as their cytotoxic effects via induction of apoptosis. This review compiles the most relevant lanostanoids studied from 2000 to 2011, principally those isolated from Ganoderma lucidum and other related fungi, such as Poria cocos, Laetiporus sulphureus, Inonotus obliquus, Antrodia camphorata, Daedalea dickinsii, and Elfvingia applanata, which have great potential as anticancer agents because of their cytotoxic or apoptotic effects. The compounds were selected on the basis of their proapoptotic mechanisms, through their ability to modify transcriptional activities via nuclear factors or genes and the activation or inhibition of pro- or antiapoptotic proteins; studies based only on their cytotoxicity were excluded from this review in the absence of complementary studies on their mechanisms of action. A total of 81 compounds from Ganoderma lucidum and other species from this genus are included, as well as 96 compounds isolated from other fungi, principally Poria cocos. Some of these compounds were found to arrest the cell cycle in the G1 phase, increase levels of p53 and Bax, or inhibit the phosphorylation of Erk1/2 or the activation of NF-κB and AP-1. Other lanostanes have inhibitory effects on the growth of androgen prostate carcinoma through increasing the expression of p21, which activates the tumor suppressor protein p53, while other compounds have been shown to selectively inhibit topo II activity without affecting topo I. General considerations concerning the chemical structure-biological activities of these compounds are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- José-Luis Ríos
- Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Valencia , Avenida Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
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37
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Dong DW, Tong SW, Qi XR. Comparative studies of polyethylenimine-doxorubicin conjugates with pH-sensitive and pH-insensitive linkers. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 101:1336-44. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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38
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Traditional West African pharmacopeia, plants and derived compounds for cancer therapy. Biochem Pharmacol 2012; 84:1225-40. [PMID: 22846603 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2012.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Traditional pharmacopeia is strongly involved in the continuous search for the well being of African populations. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 80% of the population of developing countries relies on traditional medicine for their primary care needs. Medicinal plants are the major resource of this folk medicine where several species are used for the treatment of diseases with an inflammatory and/or infectious component as it is the case of old wounds, skin diseases and malfunctions affecting internal organs such as liver, lung, prostate and kidney. Many of these pathologies described by practitioners of traditional medicine have similarities with certain cancers, but the lack of training of many of these healers does not allow them to establish a link with cancer. However, ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological surveys conducted by several researchers allowed to identify plants of interest for cancer treatment. Most scientific investigations on these plants demonstrated an anti-inflammatory or antioxidant effect, and sometimes, antiproliferative and cytotoxic activities against cancer cells were reported as well. The emergence of resistance to cancer chemotherapy has forced researchers to turn to natural products of plant and marine origin. In the West African sub-region, research on natural anti-cancer molecules is still in its infancy stage because of very limited financial resources and the scarcity of adequate technical facilities. However, several plants were investigated for their anticancer properties through north-south or south-south partnerships. In this review, we will review the role of West African traditional pharmacopeia in cancer treatment as well as medicinal plants with anti-cancer properties.
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39
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Application of proteomics in the mechanistic study of traditional Chinese medicine. Biochem Soc Trans 2012; 39:1348-52. [PMID: 21936813 DOI: 10.1042/bst0391348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Systems biology is considered to be the possible technology that could bring breakthroughs in the study of TCM (traditional Chinese medicine). Proteomics, as one of the major components of systems biology, has been used in the mechanistic study of TCM, providing some interesting results. In the present paper, we review the current application of proteomics in the mechanistic study of TCM. Proteomics technologies and strategies that might be used in the future to improve study of TCM are also discussed.
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40
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Xu L, Deng Y, Feng L, Li D, Chen X, Ma C, Liu X, Yin J, Yang M, Teng F, Wu W, Guan S, Jiang B, Guo D. Cardio-protection of salvianolic acid B through inhibition of apoptosis network. PLoS One 2011; 6:e24036. [PMID: 21915278 PMCID: PMC3167815 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting cellular function as a system rather than on the level of the single target significantly increases therapeutic potency. In the present study, we detect the target pathway of salvianolic acid B (SalB) in vivo. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was induced in rats followed by the treatment with 10 mg/kg SalB. Hemodynamic detection and pathological stain, 2-dimensional electrophoresis, MALDI-TOF MS/MS, Western blot, pathway identification, apoptosis assay and transmission electron microscope were used to elucidate the effects and mechanism of SalB on cardioprotection. Higher SalB concentration was found in ischemic area compared to no-ischemic area of heart, correlating with improved heart function and histological structure. Thirty-three proteins regulated by SalB in AMI rats were identified by biochemical analysis and were classified as the components of metabolism and apoptosis networks. SalB protected cardiomyocytes from apoptosis, inhibited poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 pathway, and improved the integrity of mitochondrial and nucleus of heart tissue during AMI. Furthermore, the protective effects of SalB against apoptosis were verified in H9c2 cells. Our results provide evidence that SalB regulates multi-targets involved in the apoptosis pathway during AMI and therefore may be a candidate for novel therapeutics of heart diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Benzofurans/therapeutic use
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Line
- Cell Nucleus/drug effects
- Cell Nucleus/metabolism
- Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional
- Hemodynamics/drug effects
- In Situ Nick-End Labeling
- Male
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Mitochondria/drug effects
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Myocardial Infarction/metabolism
- Myocardium/cytology
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Myocardium/ultrastructure
- Myocytes, Cardiac/cytology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1
- Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
- Tandem Mass Spectrometry
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanping Deng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixin Feng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Defang Li
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Min Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Fukang Teng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wanying Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuhong Guan
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Baohong Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (BHJ); (DAG)
| | - Dean Guo
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (BHJ); (DAG)
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Feng LX, Jing CJ, Tang KL, Tao L, Cao ZW, Wu WY, Guan SH, Jiang BH, Yang M, Liu X, Guo DA. Clarifying the signal network of salvianolic acid B using proteomic assay and bioinformatic analysis. Proteomics 2011; 11:1473-85. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201000482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2010] [Revised: 01/10/2011] [Accepted: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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42
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Lv S, Gao J, Zhu F, Li Z, Gong Y, Xu G, Ma L. Transthyretin, identified by proteomics, is overabundant in pancreatic juice from pancreatic carcinoma and originates from pancreatic islets. Diagn Cytopathol 2010; 39:875-81. [PMID: 20949480 DOI: 10.1002/dc.21484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2010] [Accepted: 06/03/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Analyses of pancreatic juice by proteomics have identified many proteins that are overabundant in pancreatic cancer (PC) juice. The mechanism by which secretion of these proteins occur remains unclear. Pancreatic juice was collected from patients with three pancreatic diseases: PC, chronic pancreatitis (CP), and simple choledocholithiasis (CDS), and analyzed by 2-DE, MALDI-TOF/MS, and Western blot. Five PC cell lines, 30 PC tissues and their corresponding adjacent pancreatic tissues were used to validate the expression of genes which code for overabundant proteins in PC juice. The mRNA and protein levels were measured by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Using proteomics, it was demonstrated that the protein transthyretin (TTR) was upregulated more than 2-fold in PC juice compared with CP and CDS, while apolipoprotein A-I, lithostathine, and regenerating islet-derived 1 beta precursor were downregulated more than 2-fold. Western blots confirmed that TTR was overabundant in the PC juice. However, TTR mRNA was not detected in any of the five PC cell lines, and was only detected in islet cells. By microscopy, it was shown that islet architecture was almost completely destroyed, and the islet's maximum diameter appeared larger in PC tissues than in normal. Some overabundant proteins in PC juice, such as TTR expressed only in islets, leak into the pancreatic ductal system due to hyperplasia and architectural damage in PC tissues. The destruction of organ and tissue architecture by tumor growth may result in novel tumor markers even if the markers are not secreted directly by tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunli Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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43
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Cui YJ, Guan SH, Feng LX, Song XY, Ma C, Cheng CR, Wang WB, Wu WY, Yue QX, Liu X, Guo DA. Cytotoxicity of 9,11-Dehydroergosterol Peroxide Isolated from Ganoderma Lucidum and its Target-related Proteins. Nat Prod Commun 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1000500806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytotoxicty of 9,11-dehydroergosterol peroxide (DHEP) isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum on HeLa cells was studied. DHEP treatment for 48 h inhibited the proliferation of HeLa human cervical carcinoma cells with an IC50-value of 8.58 ± 0.98 μM. Morphological changes of DHEP-treated cells indicated that DHEP induced apoptosis in HeLa cells. To identify the cellular targets of DHEP, two-dimensional electrophoresis analysis was performed to compare the protein expression profiles of DHEP-treated cells with that of control cells. Proteins altered in expressional level after DHEP exposure were identified by MALDI-TOF MS/MS. The cytotoxic effect of DHEP was associated with regulated expression of 6 proteins. Stathmin 1 might be an important target-related protein of DHEP. The regulation of stathmin 1 by DHEP treatment was also confirmed by Western blotting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jun Cui
- Shanghai University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Hong Guan
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Li-Xing Feng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yi Song
- Shanghai University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Chao Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Ru Cheng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Bo Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Wan-Ying Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Xi Yue
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - De-An Guo
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
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Yue QX, Song XY, Ma C, Feng LX, Guan SH, Wu WY, Yang M, Jiang BH, Liu X, Cui YJ, Guo DA. Effects of triterpenes from Ganoderma lucidum on protein expression profile of HeLa cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 17:606-13. [PMID: 20092987 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2009.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2009] [Revised: 09/18/2009] [Accepted: 12/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
To elucidate the cytotoxicity mechanism of Ganoderma triterpenes, a chemoproteomic study using five purified ganoderic acids, ganoderic acid F (GAF), ganoderic acid K (GAK), ganoderic B (GAB), ganoderic acid D (GAD) and ganoderic acid AM1 (GAAM1) was conducted. GAF, GAK, GAB, GAD and GAAM1 treatment for 48 h inhibited the proliferation of HeLa human cervical carcinoma cells with IC(50) values of 19.5+/-0.6 microM, 15.1+/-0.5 microM, 20.3+/-0.4 microM, 17.3+/-0.3 microM, 19.8+/-0.7 microM, respectively. The protein expression profiles of HeLa cells treated with each ganoderic acid at dose of 15 microM for 48 h were checked using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). The possible target-related proteins of ganoderic acids, i.e. proteins with same change tendency in all five ganoderic acids-treated groups compared with control, were identified using MALDI-TOF MS/MS. Twelve proteins including human interleukin-17E, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A), peroxiredoxin 2, ubiquilin 2, Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase, 14-3-3 beta/alpha, TPM4-ALK fusion oncoprotein type 2, PP2A subunit A PR65-alpha isoform, nucleobindin-1, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K, reticulocalbin 1 and chain A of DJ-1 protein were identified. Ganoderic acids might exert their cytotoxicity by altering proteins involved in cell proliferation and/or cell death, carcinogenosis, oxidative stress, calcium signaling and ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q-X Yue
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China
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Dudhgaonkar S, Thyagarajan A, Sliva D. Suppression of the inflammatory response by triterpenes isolated from the mushroom Ganoderma lucidum. Int Immunopharmacol 2009; 9:1272-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2009.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2009] [Revised: 07/06/2009] [Accepted: 07/22/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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46
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Ma C, Yue QX, Guan SH, Wu WY, Yang M, Jiang BH, Liu X, Guo DA. Proteomic analysis of possible target-related proteins of cyclophosphamide in mice thymus. Food Chem Toxicol 2009; 47:1841-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2009.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2008] [Revised: 04/23/2009] [Accepted: 04/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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47
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Technique of Proteomics and its Application in theResearch of Traditional Chinese Medicine Complex System. Chin J Nat Med 2009. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1009.2009.00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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48
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Interaction of Ganoderma Triterpenes with Docetaxel and Cisplatin in Cytotoxicity against Human Carcinoma Cells. Chin J Nat Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(09)60031-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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