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Misra N, Clavaud C, Guinot F, Bourokba N, Nouveau S, Mezzache S, Palazzi P, Appenzeller BMR, Tenenhaus A, Leung MHY, Lee PKH, Bastien P, Aguilar L, Cavusoglu N. Multi-omics analysis to decipher the molecular link between chronic exposure to pollution and human skin dysfunction. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18302. [PMID: 34526566 PMCID: PMC8443591 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97572-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollution is composed of several factors, namely particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10), ozone and Ultra Violet (UV) rays among others and first and the most exposed tissue to these substances is the skin epidermis. It has been established that several skin disorders such as eczema, acne, lentigines and wrinkles are aggravated by exposure to atmospheric pollution. While pollutants can interact with skin surface, contamination of deep skin by ultrafine particles or Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) might be explained by their presence in blood and hair cortex. Molecular mechanisms leading to skin dysfunction due to pollution exposure have been poorly explored in humans. In addition to various host skin components, cutaneous microbiome is another target of these environment aggressors and can actively contribute to visible clinical manifestation such as wrinkles and aging. The present study aimed to investigate the association between pollution exposure, skin microbiota, metabolites and skin clinical signs in women from two cities with different pollution levels. Untargeted metabolomics and targeted proteins were analyzed from D-Squame samples from healthy women (n = 67 per city), aged 25-45 years and living for at least 15 years in the Chinese cities of Baoding (used as a model of polluted area) and Dalian (control area with lower level of pollution). Additional samples by swabs were collected from the cheeks from the same population and microbiome was analysed using bacterial 16S rRNA as well as fungal ITS1 amplicon sequencing and metagenomics analysis. The level of exposure to pollution was assessed individually by the analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and their metabolites in hair samples collected from each participant. All the participants of the study were assessed for the skin clinical parameters (acne, wrinkles, pigmented spots etc.). Women from the two cities (polluted and less polluted) showed distinct metabolic profiles and alterations in skin microbiome. Profiling data from 350 identified metabolites, 143 microbes and 39 PAH served to characterize biochemical events that correlate with pollution exposure. Finally, using multiblock data analysis methods, we obtained a potential molecular map consisting of multi-omics signatures that correlated with the presence of skin pigmentation dysfunction in individuals living in a polluted environment. Overall, these signatures point towards macromolecular alterations by pollution that could manifest as clinical sign of early skin pigmentation and/or other imperfections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namita Misra
- Research and Innovation, L'Oréal SA, Aulnay Sous Bois, France.
| | - Cécile Clavaud
- Research and Innovation, L'Oréal SA, Aulnay Sous Bois, France
| | - Florent Guinot
- Research and Innovation, L'Oréal SA, Aulnay Sous Bois, France
| | | | | | - Sakina Mezzache
- Research and Innovation, L'Oréal SA, Aulnay Sous Bois, France
| | - Paul Palazzi
- Human Biomonitoring Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxemburg
| | - Brice M R Appenzeller
- Human Biomonitoring Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxemburg
| | - Arthur Tenenhaus
- CentraleSupelec Laboratoire des Signaux et Systemes, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Brain and Spine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Marcus H Y Leung
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Patrick K H Lee
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Luc Aguilar
- Research and Innovation, L'Oréal SA, Aulnay Sous Bois, France
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Ye T, Wu J, Xu Z, Chai J, Zeng Q, Zeng B, Gao Y, Guo R, Chen X, Xu X. Esc-1GN shows therapeutic potentials for acne vulgaris and inflammatory pain. J Pept Sci 2020; 26:e3269. [PMID: 32558003 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The inflammatory response plays important roles in acne vulgaris and pain pathogenesis. In previous study, Esc-1GN with anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and lipopolysacchride (LPS) binding activity was identified from the skin of the frog Hylarana guentheri. Here, we report its therapeutic potentials for acne vulgaris and inflammatory pain. Esc-1GN destroyed the cell membrane of Propionibacteria acnes in the membrane permeability assays. In addition, bacterial agglutination test suggested that Esc-1GN triggered the agglutination of P. acnes, which was affected by LPS and Ca2+ . Meanwhile, in vivo anti-P. acnes and anti-inflammatory effects of Esc-1GN were confirmed by reducing the counts of P. acnes in mice ear, relieving P. acnes-induced mice ear swelling, decreasing mRNA expression and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and attenuating the infiltration of inflammatory cells. Moreover, Esc-1GN also displayed antinociceptive effect in mice induced by acetic acid and formalin. Therefore, Esc-1GN is a promising candidate drug for treatment of acne vulgaris and inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiaofei Ye
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jiena Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zhengnan Xu
- Guangzhou Zhixin High School, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jinwei Chai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Qingye Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Baishuang Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yahua Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Ruiyin Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Xueqing Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
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3
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Duffy E, Morrin A. Endogenous and microbial volatile organic compounds in cutaneous health and disease. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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4
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Corvec S. Clinical and Biological Features of Cutibacterium (Formerly Propionibacterium) avidum, an Underrecognized Microorganism. Clin Microbiol Rev 2018; 31:e00064-17. [PMID: 29848774 PMCID: PMC6056840 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00064-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent description of the genus Cutibacterium has altered the taxonomy of Propionibacterium species. These organisms still belong to the genera of the skin coryneform group, and the most-studied species remains Cutibacterium acnes. Cutibacterium avidum is also a known skin commensal. This underrecognized microorganism can, however, act as a pathogen after bacterial seeding and can be considered opportunistic, causing either superficial or deep/invasive infections. It can cause numerous infections, including but not limited to breast infections, skin abscesses, infective endocarditis, and device-related infections. The ecological niche of C. avidum is clearly different from that of other members of the genus: it is found in the axillary region or at wet sites rather than in dry, exposed areas, and the number of microorganisms increases during puberty. Historically, it has been used for its ability to modulate the immune response and for its antitumor properties. Conventional microbial culture methods and identification processes allow for its accurate identification and characterization. Thanks to the modern omics tools used for phylogenomic approaches, understanding C. avidum pathogenesis (including host-bacterium interactions and virulence factor characterization) is becoming easier, allowing for more thorough molecular characterization. These analyses have revealed that C. avidum causes diverse diseases mediated by multiple virulence factors. The recent genome approach has revealed specific genomic regions within this species that are involved in adherence and biofilm formation as well as fitness, survival, and defense functions. Numerous regions show the presence of phages and horizontal gene transfer. C. avidum remains highly sensitive to a broad spectrum of antibiotics, such as β-lactams, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, and rifampin, although erythromycin and clindamycin resistance has been described. A long-term treatment regimen with a combination of antibiotics is required to successfully eliminate the remaining adherent bacteria, particularly in the case of deep infections after debridement surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Corvec
- CHU Nantes, Service de Bactériologie-Hygiène Hospitalière, Nantes, France
- CRCINA, INSERM, U1232, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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5
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Tyner H, Patel R. Propionibacterium acnes biofilm - A sanctuary for Staphylococcus aureus? Anaerobe 2016; 40:63-7. [PMID: 27241780 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2016.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of combined culture of Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus on biofilm formation under different oxygen concentrations. We measured planktonic growth and biofilm formation of P. acnes and S. aureus alone and together under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Both P. acnes and S. aureus grew under anaerobic conditions. When grown under anaerobic conditions, P. acnes with or without S. aureus formed a denser biomass biofilm than did S. aureus alone. Viable S. aureus was recovered from a16-day old combined P. acnes and S. aureus biofilm, but not a monomicrobial S. aureus biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmony Tyner
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, USA
| | - Robin Patel
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, USA; Division Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, USA.
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Thorn RMS, Greenman J. Microbial volatile compounds in health and disease conditions. J Breath Res 2012; 6:024001. [PMID: 22556190 PMCID: PMC7106765 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7155/6/2/024001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 04/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Microbial cultures and/or microbial associated diseases often have a characteristic smell. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are produced by all microorganisms as part of their normal metabolism. The types and classes of VOC produced is wide, including fatty acids and their derivatives (e.g. hydrocarbons, aliphatic alcohols and ketones), aromatic compounds, nitrogen containing compounds, and volatile sulfur compounds. A diversity of ecological niches exist in the human body which can support a polymicrobial community, with the exact VOC profile of a given anatomical site being dependent on that produced by both the host component and the microbial species present. The detection of VOCs is of interest to various disciplines, hence numerous analytical approaches have been developed to accurately characterize and measure VOCs in the laboratory, often from patient derived samples. Using these technological advancements it is evident that VOCs are indicative of both health and disease states. Many of these techniques are still largely confined to the research laboratory, but it is envisaged that in future bedside 'VOC profiling' will enable rapid characterization of microbial associated disease, providing vital information to healthcare practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Michael Statham Thorn
- Centre for Research in Biomedicine, Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, Frenchay Campus, Coldharbour Lane, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - John Greenman
- Centre for Research in Biomedicine, Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, Frenchay Campus, Coldharbour Lane, BS16 1QY, UK
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Lim YL, Chan YH, Yosipovitch G, Greaves MW. Pruritus is a common and significant symptom of acne. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2008; 22:1332-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2008.02828.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Baz K, Emin Erdal M, Yazıcı AC, Söylemez F, Güvenç U, Taşdelen B, Ikizoğlu G. Association between tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene promoter polymorphism at position -308 and acne in Turkish patients. Arch Dermatol Res 2008; 300:371-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00403-008-0871-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2007] [Revised: 06/09/2008] [Accepted: 06/14/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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9
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Abstract
Propionibacterium acnes, a common skin organism, is most notably recognized for its role in acne vulgaris. It also causes postoperative and device-related infections and has been associated with a number of other conditions such as sarcoidosis and synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis (SAPHO), although its precise role as a causative agent remains to be determined. Propionibacterium acnes produces a number of virulence factors and is well known for its inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Recent publication of the P. acnes genome should provide further insights into the pathogenic capabilities of the organism and potentially lead to the development of new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Perry
- Biomedical Sciences, School of Life and Heath Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
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10
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Abstract
Several pathogenic factors contribute to the development of acne, among them, seborrhea, follicular hyperkeratosis, propionibacteria, and inflammatory events. This article reviews current knowledge of these pathogenic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Borelli
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München
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11
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Csukás Z, Banizs B, Rozgonyi F. Studies on the cytotoxic effects of Propionibacterium acnes strains isolated from cornea. Microb Pathog 2004; 36:171-4. [PMID: 14726235 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2003.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Eukaryotic tissue culture appears to be a suitable model for measuring the bacterial cytotoxic effect. Propionibacterium acnes strains were isolated from corneal tissue removed by keratoplastic surgery from patients with corneal dystrophy or bullous keratopathy. The cytotoxic effect of the filtrates of 10 P. acnes strains were studied by means of measuring the decrease of the mitochondrial dehydrogenase activities of viable epithelial (HeLa) and fibroblastic (BHK-21) cell cultures. A time and concentration dependent, reversible cytotoxic effect was detected in both tissue types. The results also showed that strains of P. acnes are capable of surviving anaerobic conditions for as long as 8 months and suggest that production cytotoxic effects during the long persistence it may harm human tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Csukás
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1089, Budapest, Hungary.
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12
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Abstract
The pathogenesis of acne is complex, with strong evidence supporting the involvement of sebaceous hyperplasia, follicular hyperkeratinisation, bacterial hypercolonisation, as well as immune reactions and inflammation. High sebum concentrations and follicular hyperkeratinisation lead to a change of the follicular milieu with consecutive proliferation of bacteria, chiefly Propionibacterium acnes. This leads to further increased production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1alpha and tumour necrosis factor alpha by T cells and keratinocytes, leading to proliferation of both cell types. Follicular keratinocytes fail to differentiate by apoptosis and produce hypergranulosis similar to the impermeable skin outer layer, resulting in the formation of microcomedones. Further inflammatory responses lead to the development of increasing degrees of severity in inflammatory forms of acne. Retinoids aid the differentiation and reduce the hyperproliferation of keratinocytes, and can inhibit the migration of leucocytes. Combination therapy using retinoids plus benzoyl peroxide or antibacterials can treat existing acne lesions faster than the individual agents alone and can also prevent the development of new lesions. The new retinoids (e.g. adapalene) have not only the typical potent comedolytic activity but also anti-inflammatory effects. When added to antibacterial therapy, topical retinoids demonstrate faster and significantly greater reduction of inflammatory acne lesions and comedones than antibacterials alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Gollnick
- University Clinic for Dermatology and Venereology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany.
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13
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne lesions spontaneously remit, but the mechanism of this remission has not been elaborated. It is known, however, that the remission is associated with a de-differentiation of sebocytes, causing a cessation of sebum secretion specific to that particular pilosebaceous unit. We have previously described the cytokines that will promote in vitro the lesions of acne. OBJECTIVES To show that those same cytokines may also promote a de-differentiation of sebocytes analogous to that seen during remission of some lesions. METHODS Human chest sebaceous glands were maintained in vitro as whole organs. We then chronicled the effects of the appropriate cytokines and growth factors on the glandular rates of (i) lipogenesis and (ii) DNA synthesis, as well as on (iii) glandular morphology, (iv) the expression patterns of the proliferation marker Ki-67, (v) keratinocyte-specific markers, and (vi) the sebocyte marker epithelial membrane antigen. RESULTS We have shown that the same cytokines that promote comedogenesis (interleukin-1alpha), expression of infundibular intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and human leucocyte-associated antigen-DR (tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma), and infundibular disruption (epidermal growth factor/transforming growth factor-alpha) in human infundibula in vitro, will also inhibit sebaceous lipogenesis in vitro and will also induce, histologically, a de-differentiation of human sebocytes into a keratinocyte-like phenotype. CONCLUSIONS These results confirm our hypothesis that the cytokines that induce the infundibular changes in acne may also inhibit the secretion of lipid from the sebaceous gland and thus, on diffusing down to the gland, contribute to the remission of the individual lesions. These findings help to explain the known natural history of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M T Downie
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital Box 232, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QR, U.K.
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14
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Abstract
Recent findings suggest that an overly vigorous immune response to Propionibacterium acnes may be the fundamental problem in patients with inflammatory acne. These data and evidence for the antiinflammatory effects of acne medications are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G F Webster
- Department of Dermatology, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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15
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Korting HC, Ponce-Pöschl E, Klövekorn W, Schmötzer G, Arens-Corell M, Braun-Falco O. The influence of the regular use of a soap or an acidic syndet bar on pre-acne. Infection 1995; 23:89-93. [PMID: 7622270 DOI: 10.1007/bf01833872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The role of regular skin cleansing with soap or syndet in pre-acne is ill-defined. The intention of this study was to assess the relative value of an acidic syndet bar and a conventional soap bar in the prevention of acne lesions in acne-prone patients. In a randomized, open, comparative trial the three months' application of either an acidic syndet bar or a conventional soap to facial skin for 1 min each in the morning and in the evening was compared in 120 adolescents and young adults with inflammatory acne grade I or II according to the Plewig and Kligman classification. It was a confirmatory trial with the number of inflammatory lesions being the prime parameter of concern. In addition, non-inflammatory acne lesions were analyzed as were parameters of safety such as itching, redness and scaling. While the number of inflammatory acne lesions, i.e., papulopustules, did not differ in the two trial groups composed of 57 evaluable cases each, this was the case from 4 weeks of application onward: in the group using soap the mean number of inflammatory lesions increased from 14.6 (+/- 5.3) to 15.3 (+/- 6.0), while it decreased in the other group from 13.4 (+/- 5.2) to 10.4 (+/- 5.8) (p < 0.0001). Symptoms or signs of irritation were seen in 40.4% of individuals belonging to the former and 1.8% belonging to the latter group. The number of papulopustules characteristic of inflammatory acne thus is clearly lower when a syndet bar of the acidic type is regularly used for cleansing the face as compared to a (necessarily alkaline) soap.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Korting
- Dermatologische Klinik und Poliklinik der LMU, München, Germany
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16
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Abstract
The occurrence of musculoskeletal manifestations (including synovitis, chest wall arthro-osteitis and multifocal aseptic osteomyelitis) in association with severe acne, palmoplantar pustulosis and perhaps with some presentations of psoriasis, have been described by many authors in the past 30 years. These different multifaceted descriptions have been designated by a variety of terms. More recently, a possible link between these conditions and spondarthritides has also been underlined by a slightly increased prevalence of HLA-B27 and occasional occurrences of sacroiliitis, chronic inflammatory bowel disease and possibly psoriasis. An acronym, the SAPHO syndrome (which stands for Synovitis, Acne, Pustulosis, Hyperostosis and Osteitis) is proposed for this group of diseases because of the similarity of musculoskeletal manifestations in patients with severe acne and pustulosis. The clinical, epidemiological, pathophysiological, immunogenetic and diagnostic aspects, as well as the management of this syndrome, are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Kahn
- Xavier Bichat School of Medicine, University Paris, France
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17
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Edmiston CE. Arachnia and Propionibacterium: Casual commensals or opportunistic diphtheroids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0196-4399(91)90076-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Pulverer G, Ko HL, Beuth J, Roszkowski W. Tetracycline and 13-cis-retinoic acid inhibit production and activity of granulocyte activating factor (GAF) from Propionibacterium acnes. ZENTRALBLATT FUR BAKTERIOLOGIE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 1990; 273:362-8. [PMID: 1698375 DOI: 10.1016/s0934-8840(11)80439-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate different treatment schedules on release or activity of a granulocyte activating factor (GAF) from Propionibacterium acnes. Incubation of P. acnes in physiological saline (30 min, 37 degrees C) resulted in release of a soluble factor that elicited considerable chemiluminescence response and chemotactic stimulus on human granulocytes. Pretreatment of the microorganisms with subinhibitory concentrations of tetracycline or incubation of granulocytes with 13-cis-retinoic acid significantly reduced the activating potency of GAF on these phagocytic cells. Since GAF was considered to be one of the stimuli for inflammation in acne vulgaris, administration of tetracycline and 13-cis-retinoic acid appears to be an adequate therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Pulverer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Cologne
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- G F Webster
- Department of Dermatology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
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20
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Chopra I, Hacker K. Effects of tetracyclines on the production of extracellular proteins by members of the propionibacteriaceae. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1989. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1989.tb03412.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Abstract
Humans exist in an environment replete with microorganisms, but only a few become resident on the skin surface. The skin possesses protective mechanisms to limit colonization, and the survival of organisms on the surface lies in part in the ability of the organisms to resist these mechanisms. Microbial colonization on the skin adds to the skin's defense against potentially pathogenic organisms. Although microbes normally live in synergy with their hosts, occasionally colonization can result in clinical infection. Common infections consist of superficial infections of the stratum corneum or appendageal structures that can respond dramatically to therapy but commonly relapse. In rare circumstances, these infections can be quite severe, particularly in immunocompromised patients or in hospitalized patients with indwelling foreign devices. These infections are often resistant to conventional antibiotics and can result in infection with other opportunistic pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- R R Roth
- Department of Surgery, Elmendorf AFB, Alaska
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22
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Greenman J, Osborne RH, Allaker RP. The Production of Potentially Inflammatory Compounds by Human Dental Plaque and Species of Periodontal Bacteria. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY IN HEALTH AND DISEASE 1988. [DOI: 10.3109/08910608809140529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Greenman
- Department of Science, Bristol Polytechnic, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - R. H. Osborne
- Department of Science, Bristol Polytechnic, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - R. P. Allaker
- Department of Science, Bristol Polytechnic, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
- Royal Veterinary College, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Royal College Street, London, NW1 0TU
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