1
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to systematically identify and scrutinise published empirical evidence about overdiagnosis in malignant melanoma and examine how frequent overdiagnosis of melanoma is and whether this is related to different types of interventions or diagnostic technologies. DESIGN AND SETTING Empirical studies that discussed overdiagnosis in malignant melanoma were eligible, including qualitative and quantitative studies in any type of population, age group and geographical location. We excluded studies that did not include empirical data, studies that only mentioned 'overdiagnosis' without addressing it further and studies that used the term overdiagnosis for cases of misdiagnosis or false positives.We developed the search strategy in cooperation with an information specialist. We searched five databases on 21 April 2022: MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Cochrane Library.This scoping review adheres to The JBI methodology and Prefered Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for Scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Two reviewers independently screened titles, abstracts and full texts for inclusion and extracted data from the included studies. The data extracted include study characteristics, population details, research question, the context and the study's main results. RESULTS Our search resulted in 1134 potentially relevant studies. 35 studies were included: 29 register studies, 3 cohort studies, 1 case-control study, 1 survey study and 1 randomised controlled trial. Most register studies examined trends in melanoma incidence and/or mortality and found a significant increase in incidence between 0.39% and 6.6% annually and a little or no increase in mortality. Three cohort studies and one case-control study showed that skin screening was associated with increased detection of melanoma; especially in situ or thin invasive melanoma. Three studies estimated the degree of overdiagnosis which ranged from 29% to 60%. CONCLUSIONS Epidemiological data suggest a high degree of overdiagnosis in malignant melanoma. Studies that examined the association between skin screening and malignant melanoma all found increased detection of melanomas, mostly thin and in situ melanomas, which raises concern about overdiagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mille Falk Bjørch
- Centre of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emma Grundtvig Gram
- Centre of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Primary Health Care Research Unit, Region Zealand, Denmark
| | - John Brandt Brodersen
- Centre of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Primary Health Care Research Unit, Region Zealand, Denmark
- Research Unit for General Practice, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Herbert A, Koo MM, Barclay ME, Greenberg DC, Abel GA, Levell NJ, Lyratzopoulos G. Stage-specific incidence trends of melanoma in an English region, 1996-2015: longitudinal analyses of population-based data. Melanoma Res 2020; 30:279-285. [PMID: 30106842 PMCID: PMC6330074 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine temporal trends in overall and stage-specific incidence of melanoma. Using population-based data on patients diagnosed with melanoma in East Anglia, England, 1996-2015, we estimated age-standardized time trends in annual incidence rates for each stage at diagnosis. Negative binomial regression was used to model trends over time adjusted for sex, age group and deprivation, and to subsequently examine variation in stage-specific trends by sex and age group. The age-standardized incidence increased from 14 to 29 cases/100 000 persons (i.e. 4% annually). Increasing incidence was apparent across all stages but was steepest for stage I [adjusted annual increase: 5%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 5-6%, and more gradual for stage II-IV disease (stage II: 3%, 95% CI: 2-4%; stage III/IV: 2%, 95% CI: 1-3%)]. Stage II-IV increase was apparent in men across age groups and in women aged 50 years or older. Increases in incidence were steeper in those aged 70 years or older, and in men. The findings suggest that both a genuine increase in the incidence of consequential illness and a degree of overdiagnosis may be responsible for the observed increasing incidence trends in melanoma in our population during the study period. They also suggest the potentially lower effectiveness of public health awareness campaigns in men and older people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annie Herbert
- Epidemiology of Cancer Healthcare & Outcomes (ECHO) research group, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, UK
| | - Minjoung M. Koo
- Epidemiology of Cancer Healthcare & Outcomes (ECHO) research group, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, UK
| | - Matthew E. Barclay
- Public Health England National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Victoria House, Capital Park, Fulbourn, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Centre for Health Services Research, University of Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Forvie Site, Cambridge, UK
| | - David C. Greenberg
- Public Health England National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Victoria House, Capital Park, Fulbourn, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Centre for Health Services Research, University of Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Forvie Site, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Nick J. Levell
- Dermatology Department, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | - Georgios Lyratzopoulos
- Epidemiology of Cancer Healthcare & Outcomes (ECHO) research group, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, UK
- Public Health England National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Victoria House, Capital Park, Fulbourn, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Centre for Health Services Research, University of Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Forvie Site, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
Melanoma and keratinocyte skin cancer (KSC) are the most common types of cancer in White-skinned populations. Both tumor entities showed increasing incidence rates worldwide but stable or decreasing mortality rates. Rising incidence rates of cutaneous melanoma (CM) and KSC are largely attributed to increasing exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, the main causal risk factor for skin cancer.Incidence rates of KSC, comprising of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), are much higher than that of melanoma. BCC development is mainly the cause of an intensive UV exposure in childhood and adolescence, while SCC development is related to chronic, cumulative UV exposure over decades. Although mortality is relatively low, KSC is an increasing problem for health care services causing significant morbidity.Cutaneous melanoma is rapidly increasing in White populations, with an estimated annual increase of around 3-7% over the past decades. In contrast to SCC, melanoma risk is associated with intermittent and chronic exposure to sunlight. The frequency of its occurrence is closely associated with the constitutive color of the skin and the geographical zone. Changes in outdoor activities and exposure to sunlight during the past 70 years are an important factor for the increasing incidence of melanoma. Mortality rates of melanoma show stabilization in the USA, Australia, and in European countries. In the USA even dropping numbers of death cases were recently reported, probably reflecting efficacy of the new systemic treatments.Among younger cohorts in some populations (e.g., Australia and New Zealand,), stabilizing or declining incidence rates of CM are observed, potentially caused by primary prevention campaigns aimed at reducing UV exposure. In contrast, incidence rates of CM are still rising in most European countries and in the USA. Ongoing trends towards thinner melanoma are largely ascribed to earlier detection.
Collapse
|
4
|
Bornyl cis-4-Hydroxycinnamate Suppresses Cell Metastasis of Melanoma through FAK/PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK Signaling Pathways and Inhibition of the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082152. [PMID: 30042328 PMCID: PMC6121392 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bornyl cis-4-hydroxycinnamate, a bioactive compound isolated from Piper betle stems, has the potential for use as an anti-cancer agent. This study investigated the effects of bornyl cis-4-hydroxycinnamate on cell migration and invasion in melanoma cells. Cell migration and invasion were compared in A2058 and A375 melanoma cell lines treated with/without bornyl cis-4-hydroxycinnamate (1–6 µM). To examine whether bornyl cis-4-hydroxycinnamate has a potential anti-metastatic effect on melanoma cells, cell migration and invasion assays were performed using a Boyden chamber assay and a transwell chamber in A2058 and A375 cells. Gelatin zymography was employed to determine the enzyme activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Cell lysates were collected for Western blotting analysis of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9 and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1/2 (TIMP-1/2), as well as key molecules in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/ phosphatidylinositide-3 kinases (PI3K)/Akt/ mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (GRB2) signaling pathways. Our results demonstrated that bornyl cis-4-hydroxycinnamate is a potentially useful agent that inhibits melanoma cell migration and invasion, and altered melanoma cell metastasis by reducing MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression through inhibition of the FAK/PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK, and GRB2 signaling pathways. Moreover, bornyl cis-4-hydroxycinnamate inhibited the process of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in A2058 and A375 melanoma cells. These findings suggested that bornyl cis-4-hydroxycinnamate has potential as a chemotherapeutic agent, and warrants further investigation for its use in the management of human melanoma.
Collapse
|
5
|
The Effect of Bornyl cis-4-Hydroxycinnamate on Melanoma Cell Apoptosis Is Associated with Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051370. [PMID: 29734677 PMCID: PMC5983650 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bornyl cis-4-hydroxycinnamate, an active compound isolated from Piper betle stems, was investigated in terms of its effects on A2058 and A375 melanoma cell proliferation and protein expression in this study. We used flow cytometric analysis to examine the early stages of apoptosis induced by bornyl cis-4-hydroxycinnamate in the two melanoma cell lines and employed comparative proteomic analysis to investigate the effects of this compound on protein expression in A375 cells. Master maps generated by PDQuest software from two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) analysis of A375 cells showed that the expression levels of 35 proteins were significantly altered, with 18 proteins upregulated and 17 downregulated. The proteomics study identified several proteins that are involved in mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress), in addition to apoptosis-associated proteins, including prohibitin, hypoxia-upregulated protein 1, stress 70 protein, 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), and protein deglycase DJ-1 (protein DJ-1) in melanoma cells exposed to bornyl cis-4-hydroxycinnamate. The treatment also resulted in a marked decline of the mitochondrial membrane potential, in cytochrome C release into the cytosol, in the activation of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), Bcl-2-associated death promoter protein (Bad), caspase-3, and caspase-9, and in the decreased expression of p-Bad, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-xl, and induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein-1 (Mcl-1), indicating that apoptosis induced by bornyl cis-4-hydroxycinnamate was mediated by the mitochondria through the caspase-dependent pathway. Also, salubrinal (an eukaryotic initiation factor 2α inhibitor; eIF2α inhibitor) was able to protect the cells from bornyl cis-4-hydroxycinnamate-induced apoptosis. Bornyl cis-4-hydroxycinnamate-related cell death also implied that the protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)–eIF2α–ATF4–CHOP signal pathways was activated upon bornyl cis-4-hydroxycinnamate treatment. Altogether, our results support the conclusion that bornyl cis-4-hydroxycinnamate-induced apoptosis in melanoma cells is associated with mechanisms correlated with the activation of caspase cascades, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endoplasmic reticulum stress, and indicate that this molecule has the potential to be developed as a chemotherapeutic agent for human melanoma.
Collapse
|
6
|
Køster B, Søndergaard J, Nielsen JB, Olsen A, Bentzen J. Reliability and consistency of a validated sun exposure questionnaire in a population-based Danish sample. Prev Med Rep 2018; 10:43-48. [PMID: 29552457 PMCID: PMC5852403 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
An important feature of questionnaire validation is reliability. To be able to measure a given concept by questionnaire validly, the reliability needs to be high. The objectives of this study were to examine reliability of attitude and knowledge and behavioral consistency of sunburn in a developed questionnaire for monitoring and evaluating population sun-related behavior. Sun related behavior, attitude and knowledge was measured weekly by a questionnaire in the summer of 2013 among 664 Danes. Reliability was tested in a test-retest design. Consistency of behavioral information was tested similarly in a questionnaire adapted to measure behavior throughout the summer. The response rates for questionnaire 1, 2 and 3 were high and the drop out was not dependent on demographic characteristic. There was at least 73% agreement between sunburns in the measurement week and the entire summer, and a possible sunburn underestimation in questionnaires summarizing the entire summer. The participants underestimated their outdoor exposure in the evaluation covering the entire summer as compared to the measurement week. The reliability of scales measuring attitude and knowledge was high for majority of scales, while consistency in protection behavior was low. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report reliability for a completely validated questionnaire on sun-related behavior in a national random population based sample. Further, we show that attitude and knowledge questions confirmed their validity with good reliability, while consistency of protection behavior in general and in a week's measurement was low. Objectively validated questionnaires tested for reliability/behavioral consistency. Strong reliability of the knowledge and attitude items was shown. Knowledge about behavioral consistency between questionnaire measurement periods A recommendable design for short term evaluation of skin cancer prevention campaigns
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Køster
- Department of Prevention and Information, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.,Research Unit of General Practice, University of Southern, Denmark
| | - J Søndergaard
- Research Unit of General Practice, University of Southern, Denmark
| | - J B Nielsen
- Research Unit of General Practice, University of Southern, Denmark
| | - A Olsen
- Research Centre, Danish Cancer Society, Denmark
| | - J Bentzen
- Department of Prevention and Information, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pizzichetta MA, Massi D, Mandalà M, Queirolo P, Stanganelli I, De Giorgi V, Ghigliotti G, Cavicchini S, Quaglino P, Corradin MT, Rubegni P, Alaibac M, Astorino S, Ayala F, Magi S, Mazzoni L, Manganoni MA, Talamini R, Serraino D, Palmieri G. Clinicopathological predictors of recurrence in nodular and superficial spreading cutaneous melanoma: a multivariate analysis of 214 cases. J Transl Med 2017; 15:227. [PMID: 29115977 PMCID: PMC5688807 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1332-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nodular melanoma (NM) accounts for most thick melanomas and because of their frequent association with ulceration, fast growth rate and high mitotic rate, contribute substantially to melanoma-related mortality. In a multicentric series of 214 primary melanomas including 96 NM and 118 superficial spreading melanoma (SSM), histopathological features were examined with the aim to identify clinicopathological predictors of recurrence. METHODS All consecutive cases of histopathologically diagnosed primary invasive SSM and NM during the period 2005-2010, were retrieved from the 12 participating Italian Melanoma Intergroup (IMI) centers. Each center provided clinico-pathological data such as gender, age at diagnosis, anatomical site, histopathological conventional parameters, date of excision and first melanoma recurrence. RESULTS Results showed that NM subtype was significantly associated with Breslow thickness (BT) at multivariate analysis: [BT 1.01-2 mm (OR 7.22; 95% CI 2.73-19.05), BT 2.01-4 mm (OR 7.04; 95% CI 2.54-19.56), and BT > 4 mm (OR 51.78; 95% CI 5.65-474.86) (p < 0.0001)]. Furthermore, mitotic rate (MR) was significantly correlated with NM histotype: [(MR 3-5 mitoses/mm2 (OR 2.62; 95% CI 1.01-6.83) and MR > 5 mitoses/mm2 (OR 4.87; 95% CI 1.77-13.40) (p = 0.002)]. The risk of recurrence was not significantly associated with NM histotype while BT [BT 1.01-2.00 mm (HR 1.55; 95% CI 0.51-4.71), BT 2.01-4.00 mm (HR 2.42; 95% CI 0.89-6.54), BT > 4.00 mm. (HR 3.13; 95% CI 0.95-10.28) (p = 0.05)], mitotic rate [MR > 2 mitoses/mm2 (HR 2.34; 95% CI, 1.11-4.97) (p = 0.03)] and the positivity of lymph node sentinel biopsy (SNLB) (HR 2.60; 95% CI 1.19-5.68) (p = 0.007) were significantly associated with an increased risk of recurrence at multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS We found that NM subtype was significantly associated with higher BT and MR but it was not a prognostic factor since it did not significantly correlate with melanoma recurrence rate. Conversely, increased BT and MR as well as SNLB positivity were significantly associated with a higher risk of melanoma recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Pizzichetta
- Division of Oncology B, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Daniela Massi
- Division of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Mandalà
- Unit of Medical Oncology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Paola Queirolo
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Institute for Cancer Research, IRCCS San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ignazio Stanganelli
- Skin Cancer Unit, Istituto Tumori Romagna (IRST), Meldola, Italy
- Department of Dermatology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | - Stefano Cavicchini
- Department of Dermatology, Fondazione Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Quaglino
- Dermatologic Clinic, Dept Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Pietro Rubegni
- Department of Dermatology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Mauro Alaibac
- Department of Dermatology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Fabrizio Ayala
- National Cancer Institute, “Fondazione G. Pascale”-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Magi
- Skin Cancer Unit, Istituto Tumori Romagna (IRST), Meldola, Italy
- Department of Dermatology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Laura Mazzoni
- Skin Cancer Unit, Istituto Tumori Romagna (IRST), Meldola, Italy
- Department of Dermatology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Renato Talamini
- Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Diego Serraino
- Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Palmieri
- Unit of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Sassari, Italy
| | - on behalf of the Italian Melanoma Intergroup (IMI)
- Division of Oncology B, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano, Italy
- Division of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Unit of Medical Oncology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Institute for Cancer Research, IRCCS San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Skin Cancer Unit, Istituto Tumori Romagna (IRST), Meldola, Italy
- Department of Dermatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Clinic of Dermatology, IRCCS San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Dermatology, Fondazione Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Dermatologic Clinic, Dept Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Division of Dermatology, Pordenone Hospital, Pordenone, Italy
- Department of Dermatology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Department of Dermatology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Division of Dermatology, Celio Hospital, Rome, Italy
- National Cancer Institute, “Fondazione G. Pascale”-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
- Department of Dermatology, ASST degli Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
- Unit of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Sassari, Italy
- Department of Dermatology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kamyab K, Kazemi S, Azimi P, Azizpour A, Ghandi N, Pirooz E, Noormohammadpour P, Mirshams-Shahshahani M, Daneshpazhooh M. Characteristic features of cutaneous melanoma in a dermatology referral centre in Tehran, Iran. Australas J Dermatol 2017; 58:e228-e231. [PMID: 28295169 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.12616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The characteristics of cutaneous melanoma in the Middle-Eastern countries is poorly described. Therefore we conducted this study to determine the characteristics of melanoma in Iran. METHODS A retrospective, cross sectional study of melanoma patients seen at a tertiary referral centre, Iran, from May 2004 to October 2014. Clinical data included age and gender of the patients at the time of diagnosis, tumour location and tumour size. Histological characteristics included Breslow thickness, Clark level and subtype of tumour. RESULTS A total of 450 cases of melanoma with a male/female ratio of 1.1:1 were reviewed. The mean age of patients was 57.5 years. The most frequent histological subtypes were acral lentiginous melanoma (30%) and lentigo maligna melanoma (29%). In 215 cases (49%) the tumour was located on the extremities. The second most common site was the face. Tumour invasion was mainly at Clark level III and IV. The mean Breslow thickness was 2.8 mm; 143 (38%) melanomas had a Breslow thickness less than 1 mm (T1) and 86 (23%) were more than 4 mm (T4). CONCLUSION This study indicates that clinical and histological features of melanoma in Iranians (who are mainly of skin phototypes 3-4) are different from those observed in Western countries. Further cohort studies are required to evaluate the role of ethnic and environmental risk factors for melanoma in different populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kambiz Kamyab
- Department of Dermatopathology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sheyda Kazemi
- Department of Dermatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pourya Azimi
- Student Scientific Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arghavan Azizpour
- Department of Dermatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Ghandi
- Department of Dermatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Autoimmune Bullous Diseases Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Pirooz
- Department of Dermatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Maryam Daneshpazhooh
- Department of Dermatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Autoimmune Bullous Diseases Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Klit A, Lassen CB, Olsen CH, Lock-Andersen J. Cutaneous malignant melanoma in situ: A Danish cross-sectional study on patient and tumour characteristics in 144 cases. JPRAS Open 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpra.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
10
|
A single-center retrospective study on 659 re-excisions of melanoma and 769 sentinel node biopsies in 2008–2012. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00238-015-1145-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
11
|
|
12
|
Gordon D, Gillgren P, Eloranta S, Olsson H, Gordon M, Hansson J, Smedby KE. Time trends in incidence of cutaneous melanoma by detailed anatomical location and patterns of ultraviolet radiation exposure: a retrospective population-based study. Melanoma Res 2015; 25:348-56. [PMID: 26050147 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Given the wide public health implications of the melanoma epidemic, ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure patterns contributing to cutaneous melanoma development should be clearly identified. To describe time trends of anatomic sites of melanoma using a UVR exposure model based on clothing and sun habits, we reviewed the medical records of all patients diagnosed with primary invasive melanoma or melanoma in situ (MIS) during the years 1977-78, 1983-84, 1989-90, 1995-96, and 2000-01 (n=3058) in one healthcare region of Sweden. Age-standardized incidence rates and relative risks (RRs) of melanoma by calendar period were estimated for intermittent and chronic UVR exposure sites. From 1977-78 to 2000-01, the incidence rates of all melanomas at intermittent UVR exposure sites increased both among men (7.8-16.5/10 person-years) and among women (7.6-14.6/10 person-years), with a sex-adjusted and age-adjusted RR of 2.1 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.8-2.4, Ptrend<0.0001]. This increase was evident for both invasive melanoma and MIS. Melanoma at chronic sites increased among men from 1.7 to 2.3/10 person-years, and among women from 1.4 to 1.8/10 person-years, with a corresponding adjusted RR of 1.4 (95% CI 1.0-1.9, Ptrend=0.01), driven primarily by MIS. For melanomas at intermittent UVR exposure sites, the male sex was positively associated with central (core) areas (chest, back, neck, shoulders, thighs; RR 1.7, 95% CI 1.5-1.9), but negatively associated with peripheral areas (lateral arms, lower legs, dorsum of feet; RR 0.3, 95% CI 0.3-0.4), compared with the female sex. Sex-specific intermittent UVR exposure patterns drove the observed increase in melanoma incidence, whereas chronic UVR exposure contributed less.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gordon
- aDepartment of Medicine Solna, Clinical Epidemiology Unit Departments of bClinical Science and Education cMedical Epidemiology and Biostatistics dOncology and Pathology eDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet fDepartment of Surgery, Stockholm South General Hospital gDepartment of Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lucas RM, Norval M, Neale RE, Young AR, de Gruijl FR, Takizawa Y, van der Leun JC. The consequences for human health of stratospheric ozone depletion in association with other environmental factors. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2015; 14:53-87. [DOI: 10.1039/c4pp90033b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ozone depletion, climate and human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. M. Lucas
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health
- The Australian National University
- Canberra 2601
- Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute
| | - M. Norval
- Biomedical Sciences
- University of Edinburgh Medical School
- Edinburgh EH8 9AG
- UK
| | - R. E. Neale
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute
- Brisbane 4029
- Australia
| | - A. R. Young
- King's College London (KCL)
- St John's Institute of Dermatology
- London SE1 9RT
- UK
| | - F. R. de Gruijl
- Department of Dermatology
- Leiden University Medical Centre
- NL-2300 RC Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | - Y. Takizawa
- Akita University Graduate School of Medicine
- Akita Prefecture
- Japan
- National Institute for Minamata Diseases
- Kumamoto Prefecture
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bay C, Kejs AMT, Storm HH, Engholm G. Incidence and survival in patients with cutaneous melanoma by morphology, anatomical site and TNM stage: a Danish Population-based Register Study 1989-2011. Cancer Epidemiol 2014; 39:1-7. [PMID: 25468643 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incidence of melanoma of the skin has risen in Denmark in recent decades, the increase being steeper from 2004. It is unclear whether this represents a true rise in incidence or whether it is caused by an increased awareness of the condition. METHODS To assess whether the increase was characterised by early-stage melanomas and a higher proportion of melanomas with superficial spreading morphology, we studied all skin melanoma patients registered in the Danish Cancer Register 1989-2011 (n=27,010) and followed up for death through 2013. Trends in age-standardised incidence by sex, subsite and morphology, relative survival, TNM stage distribution and stage-specific relative survival from 2004 were analysed. RESULTS The incidence of melanoma more than doubled over 23 years. A steeper increase from 2004 was driven mainly by superficial spreading tumours, but the proportion of nodular melanomas in patients 50 years of age and over also increased significantly. The largest increase occurred for stage I tumours and for tumours on the trunk. From 1989-1993 to 2009-2011 the 5-year relative survival increased at 12% and 6% points for male and female patients, respectively. INTERPRETATION Greater awareness, and thus lower stage at diagnosis (mediated by a large skin cancer prevention campaign from 2007), might explain part of the increase, but the increase in nodular melanoma also points to a genuine increase in the risk of melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Bay
- The Danish Cancer Society, Department of Cancer Prevention & Documentation, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | - Hans H Storm
- The Danish Cancer Society, Department of Cancer Prevention & Documentation, Denmark.
| | - Gerda Engholm
- The Danish Cancer Society, Department of Cancer Prevention & Documentation, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
|
16
|
Chevalier V, Barbe C, Le Clainche A, Arnoult G, Bernard P, Hibon E, Grange F. Comparison of anatomical locations of cutaneous melanoma in men and women: a population‐based study in
F
rance. Br J Dermatol 2014; 171:595-601. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Chevalier
- Service de Dermatologie Hôpital Robert Debré CHU de Reims Avenue du Général Koenig 51092 Reims Cedex France
| | - C. Barbe
- Unité d'Aide Méthodologique Hôpital Robert Debré CHU de Reims Avenue du Général Koenig 51092 Reims Cedex France
| | - A. Le Clainche
- Unité d'Aide Méthodologique Hôpital Robert Debré CHU de Reims Avenue du Général Koenig 51092 Reims Cedex France
| | - G. Arnoult
- Centre de Recherche et d'Investigation Clinique Hôpital Maison Blanche CHU de Reims France
| | - P. Bernard
- Service de Dermatologie Hôpital Robert Debré CHU de Reims Avenue du Général Koenig 51092 Reims Cedex France
- Laboratory of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine of Reims, EA‐7319, University of Reims‐Champagne‐Ardenne Reims France
| | - E. Hibon
- Laboratoire de Pathologie Centre de Regroupement Informatique des Statistiques Anatomo‐pathologiques de Champagne Reims France
| | - F. Grange
- Service de Dermatologie Hôpital Robert Debré CHU de Reims Avenue du Général Koenig 51092 Reims Cedex France
- Laboratory of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine of Reims, EA‐7319, University of Reims‐Champagne‐Ardenne Reims France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gyrylova SN, Aksenenko MB, Gavrilyuk DV, Palkina NV, Dyhno YA, Ruksha TG, Artyukhov IP. Melanoma incidence mortality rates and clinico-pathological types in the Siberian area of the Russian Federation. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:2201-4. [PMID: 24716957 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.5.2201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Russian rates for melanoma incidence and mortality are relatively low as compared to some other white populations but the tumor is of increasing importance. In this paper, data are based on a retrospective descriptive analysis of melanoma epidemiology and clinicopathological characteristics in Krasnoyarsk Territory belonging to the Siberian Federal District of the Russian Federation. The age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates for the period 1996-2009 were determined with subsequent retrospective analysis of clinicopathological data of 103 primary melanoma cases. Our results showed that incidence and mortality rates in the region under consideration match the Russian national trends and correspond to epidemiological data of the countries of Eastern Europe. Stratification of melanoma cases by age, sex, clinicopathological state and localization revealed a prevalence of lesions on the trunk and lower extremities. Most melanomas diagnosed were of superficial spreading type and the third Clark's level of tumor invasion and stage II according to AJCC. In spite of comparatively low rates of incidence and mortality the trend to increase of melanoma cases in the region under consideration obviously calls for more attention and further investigation.
Collapse
|
18
|
Richtig G, Richtig E, Massone C, Hofmann-Wellenhof R. Analysis of clinical, dermoscopic and histopathological features of primary melanomas of patients with metastatic disease--a retrospective study at the Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, 2000-2010. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2014; 28:1776-81. [PMID: 24576192 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incidence rates of malignant melanoma have been increasing worldwide and metastatic melanoma is still a significant problem despite widespread prevention programmes. OBJECTIVES We made a systemic review of all metastasized melanoma patients treated at the Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz in the years 2000-2010 and looked at the kind of melanoma type, e.g. if it has been slowly growing superficial spreading melanoma (SSM) or fast growing nodular melanoma (NM). METHODS Histological slides and clinical images of patients treated at our department between 2000 and 2010, who received chemotherapy because of proven metastatic disease were analysed with regard to growth type of their primary tumours. RESULTS A total of 88 patients met the inclusion criteria. Mean age of all patients was 57 years (median 59 years, SD ± 15 years). Of these 88 patients 51 patients (58%) (28 male patients and 23 female patients) had SSM; mean age 58 years (median 58 years, SD ± 14 years) and 37 patients (42%) (18 male patients and 19 female patients) had NM; mean age 56 years (median 61 years, SD ± 17 years). Mean Breslow thickness in the SSM group was 2.26 mm (median: 1.6 mm, SD ± 2.11 mm). In the NM group, mean Breslow thickness was 4.59 mm (median: 3.50 mm, SD ± 4.07 mm). When separated by gender, 46 melanomas were seen in the male group (28 SSM and 18 NM) and 42 melanomas in the female group (23 SSM and 19 NM). CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that more than half of the patients with metastatic disease had SSMs and not, as suspected, NMs. As SSMs are growing over a longer period to become invasive and potentially metastatic, there might be a chance to focus primary and secondary prevention programmes not only on fast growing tumours but also on slowly changes of tumours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Richtig
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Serrano MA, Cañada J, Moreno JC. Solar UV exposure in construction workers in Valencia, Spain. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2013; 23:525-530. [PMID: 22739681 DOI: 10.1038/jes.2012.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) has long been recognized as the most important environmental risk factor for melanoma and skin cancer. Outdoor workers are among the groups most at risk from exposure to solar UVR in their daily activities. Sensitive spore-film filter-type personal dosimeters (VioSpor) were used to measure the biologically effective UVR received by construction workers in the course of their daily work. The study took place in Valencia, Spain, in July 2010 and involved a group of eight workers for a period of 5 days. The median UV exposure was 6.11 standard erythema dose (SED) per day, with 1 SED defined as effective 100 J/m(2) when weighted with the Commission Internationale de L'Eeclairage erythemal response function. These workers were found to receive a median of 13.9% of total daily ambient ultraviolet erythemal radiation (UVER). Comparison with the occupational UVR exposure limit showed that the subjects had received UVER exposure in excess of occupational guidelines, indicating that protective measures against this risk are highly advisable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María-Antonia Serrano
- Instituto de Ingeniería Energética, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, España.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
|
21
|
Arnold M, Holterhues C, Hollestein LM, Coebergh JWW, Nijsten T, Pukkala E, Holleczek B, Tryggvadóttir L, Comber H, Bento MJ, Diba CS, Micallef R, Primic-Žakelj M, Izarzugaza MI, Perucha J, Marcos-Gragera R, Galceran J, Ardanaz E, Schaffar R, Pring A, de Vries E. Trends in incidence and predictions of cutaneous melanoma across Europe up to 2015. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2013; 28:1170-8. [PMID: 23962170 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma is a significant health problem in Caucasian populations. The most recently available data from cancer registries often have a delay of several months up to a few years and they are generally not easily accessible. OBJECTIVES To assess recent age- and sex-specific trends in melanoma incidence and make predictions for 2010 and 2015. METHODS A retrospective registry-based analysis was performed with data from 29 European cancer registries. Most of them had data available from 1990 up to 2006/7. World-standardized incidence rates (WSR) and the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) were computed. Predictions were based on linear projection models. RESULTS Overall the incidence of melanoma is rapidly rising and will continue to do so. The incidence among women in Europe was generally higher than in men. The highest incidence rates were seen for Northern and north-western countries like the UK, Ireland and the Netherlands. The lowest incidence rates were observed in Portugal and Spain. The incidence overall remained stable in Norway, where, amongst young (25-49 years) Norwegian males rates significantly decreased (EAPC -2.8, 95% CI -3.6; -2.0). Despite a low melanoma incidence among persons above the age of 70, this age group experienced the greatest increase in risk during the study period. CONCLUSIONS Incidence rates of melanoma are expected to continue rising. These trends are worrying in terms of disease burden, particularly in eastern European countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Arnold
- Department of Public Health, ErasmusMC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li HH, Su JH, Chiu CC, Lin JJ, Yang ZY, Hwang WI, Chen YK, Lo YH, Wu YJ. Proteomic investigation of the sinulariolide-treated melanoma cells A375: effects on the cell apoptosis through mitochondrial-related pathway and activation of caspase cascade. Mar Drugs 2013; 11:2625-42. [PMID: 23880933 PMCID: PMC3736442 DOI: 10.3390/md11072625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sinulariolide is an active compound isolated from the cultured soft coral Sinularia flexibilis. In this study, we investigated the effects of sinulariolide on A375 melanoma cell growth and protein expression. Sinulariolide suppressed the proliferation and migration of melanoma cells in a concentration-dependent manner and was found to induce both early and late apoptosis by flow cytometric analysis. Comparative proteomic analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of sinulariolide at the molecular level by comparison between the protein profiles of melanoma cells treated with sinulariolide and those without treatment. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) master maps of control and treated A375 cells were generated by analysis with PDQuest software. Comparison between these maps showed up- and downregulation of 21 proteins, seven of which were upregulated and 14 were downregulated. The proteomics studies described here identify some proteins that are involved in mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis-associated proteins, including heat shock protein 60, heat shock protein beta-1, ubiquinol cytochrome c reductase complex core protein 1, isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD) subunit alpha (down-regulated), and prohibitin (up-regulated), in A375 melanoma cells exposed to sinulariolide. Sinulariolide-induced apoptosis is relevant to mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis via caspase-dependent pathways, elucidated by the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, release of cytochrome c, and activation of Bax, Bad and caspase-3/-9, as well as suppression of p-Bad, Bcl-xL and Bcl-2. Taken together, our results show that sinulariolide-induced apoptosis might be related to activation of the caspase cascade and mitochondria dysfunction pathways. Our results suggest that sinulariolide merits further evaluation as a chemotherapeutic agent for human melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Hui Li
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung 94450, Taiwan; E-Mails: (H.-H.L.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Jui-Hsin Su
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung 94450, Taiwan; E-Mails: (H.-H.L.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Chien-Chih Chiu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80761, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Jen-Jie Lin
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Zih-Yan Yang
- Graduate Institute of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Wen-Ing Hwang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan; E-Mails: (W.-I.H.); (Y.-K.C.)
| | - Yu-Kuei Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan; E-Mails: (W.-I.H.); (Y.-K.C.)
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lo
- Excellence Biotech Co., Kaohsiung 80655, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Yu-Jen Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80761, Taiwan; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +886-8-7799821 (ext. 8613); Fax: +886-8-7797821
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Jung G, Weinstock M. Clinicopathological comparisons of index and second primary melanomas in paediatric and adult populations. Br J Dermatol 2012; 167:882-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11097.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
24
|
Su TR, Lin JJ, Chiu CC, Chen JYF, Su JH, Cheng ZJ, Hwang WI, Huang HH, Wu YJ. Proteomic investigation of anti-tumor activities exerted by sinularin against A2058 melanoma cells. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:1139-52. [PMID: 22539317 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The extracts from soft corals have been increasingly investigated for biomedical and therapeutic purposes. The aim of this study is to examine and analyze the anti-tumor effects of the genus Sinularia extract sinularin on A2058 melanoma cells using MTT assay, cell migration assay, wound healing assay, flow cytometric analysis, and proteomic analysis. Sinularin dose-dependently (1-5 μg/mL) inhibited melanoma cell proliferation while the treatment at identical concentrations suppressed cell migration. Sinularin dose-dependently enhanced apoptotic melanoma cells and caused tumor cell accumulation at G2/M phase, indicating that sinularin exerts apoptosis-induced and cell cycle-delayed activities in A2058 melanoma cells. Comparative proteomic analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of sinularin at the molecular level by comparison between the protein profiling of melanoma cells treated with sinularin and without the treatment. Thirty-five differential proteins (13 upregulated and 22 downregulated) concerning the treatment were identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Proteomic data and Western blot displayed the levels of several tumor inhibitory or apoptosis-associated proteins including annexin A1, voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 and prohibitin (upregulated), heat shock protein 60, heat shock protein beta-1, and peroxiredoxin-2 (downregulated) in A2058 melanoma cells exposed to sinularin. Increased expression of p53, cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-8, cleaved-caspase-9, p21, and Bax and decreased expression of Bcl-2 in sinularin-treated melanoma cells suggest that the anti-tumor activities of sinularin against melanoma cells are particularly correlated with these pro-apoptotic factors. These data provide important information for the mechanisms of anti-tumor effects of sinularin on melanoma cells and may be helpful for drug development and progression monitoring of human melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Rong Su
- Antai Tian-Sheng Memorial Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Surber C, Ulrich C, Hinrichs B, Stockfleth E. Photoprotection in immunocompetent and immunocompromised people. Br J Dermatol 2012; 167 Suppl 2:85-93. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11093.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
26
|
Environmental effects of ozone depletion and its interactions with climate change: progress report, 2011. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2012; 11:13-27. [DOI: 10.1039/c1pp90033a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|