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Park S, Kim H, Ahn HS, Na C, Shin YK. Hair Growth-Promoting Effect of Hydrangea serrata (Thunb.) Ser. Extract and Its Active Component Hydrangenol: In Vitro and In Vivo Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10370. [PMID: 39408700 PMCID: PMC11477035 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251910370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2024] [Revised: 09/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
With the escalating prevalence of hair loss, the demand for effective hair loss treatment has surged. This study evaluated the effects of hot water extract of Hydrangea serrata (Thunb.) Ser. leaf (WHS) on hair growth, employing cell cultures, mice, and human skin organoid models. Both WHS and hydrangenol were found to enhance 5α-reductase inhibitory activity. WHS and hydrangenol have been shown to stimulate dermal papilla cell (DPC) growth, potentially through factors like keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10), and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). They also elevated the expression levels of keratin genes (K31 and K85) and the ceramide synthase (CerS3) gene, crucial clinical indicators of hair health. Furthermore, they exhibited notable anti-inflammatory and anti-androgenic properties by reducing the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and androgen signaling molecules, including androgen receptor (AR) and dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) gene expression. Oral administration of WHS to C57BL/6 mice for 3 weeks confirmed its hair growth-promoting effects, improving hair growth parameters and gene expression without significant changes in hair weight. Additionally, in a human skin organoid model, WHS was found to stimulate hair formation and augment the expression of follicle markers. These findings position WHS as a promising nutraceutical for promoting hair health, as evidenced by its efficacy in both in vitro and in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yu-Kyong Shin
- Department of New Material Development, COSMAXBIO, Seongnam 13486, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (H.K.); (H.S.A.); (C.N.)
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Oh HG, Jung M, Jeong SY, Kim J, Han SD, Kim H, Lee S, Lee Y, You H, Park S, Kim EA, Kim TM, Kim S. Improvement of androgenic alopecia by extracellular vesicles secreted from hyaluronic acid-stimulated induced mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:287. [PMID: 39256806 PMCID: PMC11389250 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03906-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common form of hair loss. Androgens, such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, are the main causes of AGA. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can reduce AGA. However, preparing therapeutic doses of MSCs for clinical use is challenging. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived MSCs (iMSCs) are homogenous and easily expandable, enabling scalable production of EVs. Hyaluronic acid (HA) can exert various functions including free radical scavenging, immune regulation, and cell migration. Herein, we examined whether hyaluronic acid (HA) stimulation of iMSCs could produce EVs with enhanced therapeutic outcomes for AGA. METHODS EVs were collected from iMSCs primed with HA (HA-iMSC-EVs) or without HA (iMSC-EVs). The characteristics of EVs were examined using dynamic light scattering, cryo-transmission electron microscopy, immunoblotting, flow cytometry, and proteomic analysis. In vitro, we compared the potential of EVs in stimulating the survival of hair follicle dermal papilla cells undergoing testosterone-mediated AGA. Additionally, the expression of androgen receptor (AR) and relevant growth factors as well as key proteins of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway (β-catenin and phosphorylated GSK3β) was analyzed. Subsequently, AGA was induced in male C57/BL6 mice by testosterone administration, followed by repeated injections of iMSC-EVs, HA-iMSC-EVs, finasteride, or vehicle. Several parameters including hair growth, anagen phase ratio, reactivation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and AR expression was examined using qPCR, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence analysis. RESULTS Both types of EVs showed typical characteristics for EVs, such as size distribution, markers, and surface protein expression. In hair follicle dermal papilla cells, the mRNA levels of AR, TGF-β, and IL-6 increased by testosterone was blocked by HA-iMSC-EVs, which also contributed to the augmented expression of trophic genes related to hair regrowth. However, no notable changes were observed in the iMSC-EVs. Re-activation of Wnt/β-catenin was observed in HA-iMSC-EVs but not in iMSC-EVs, as shown by β-catenin stabilization and an increase in phosphorylated GSK3β. Restoration of hair growth was more significant in HA-iMSC-EVs than in iMSC-EVs, and was comparable to that in mice treated with finasteride. Consistently, the decreased anagen ratio induced by testosterone was reversed by HA-iMSC-EVs, but not by iMSC-EVs. An increased expression of hair follicular β-catenin protein, as well as the reduction of AR was observed in the skin tissue of AGA mice receiving HA-iMSC-EVs, but not in those treated with iMSC-EVs. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that HA-iMSC-EVs have potential to improve AGA by regulating growth factors/cytokines and stimulating AR-related Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Geun Oh
- R&D Center, Brexogen Inc., 3F, 9, Beobwon-ro 8-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05855, Republic of Korea
| | - Minyoung Jung
- R&D Center, Brexogen Inc., 3F, 9, Beobwon-ro 8-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05855, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Yeong Jeong
- R&D Center, Brexogen Inc., 3F, 9, Beobwon-ro 8-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05855, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimin Kim
- R&D Center, Brexogen Inc., 3F, 9, Beobwon-ro 8-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05855, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Deok Han
- R&D Center, Brexogen Inc., 3F, 9, Beobwon-ro 8-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05855, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongduk Kim
- Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, 1447 Pyeongchang Daero, Pyeongchang, Gangwon-do, 25354, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulki Lee
- R&D Center, Brexogen Inc., 3F, 9, Beobwon-ro 8-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05855, Republic of Korea
| | - Yejin Lee
- R&D Center, Brexogen Inc., 3F, 9, Beobwon-ro 8-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05855, Republic of Korea
| | - Haedeun You
- R&D Center, Brexogen Inc., 3F, 9, Beobwon-ro 8-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05855, Republic of Korea
| | - Somi Park
- R&D Center, Brexogen Inc., 3F, 9, Beobwon-ro 8-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05855, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun A Kim
- R&D Center, Brexogen Inc., 3F, 9, Beobwon-ro 8-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05855, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Min Kim
- Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, 1447 Pyeongchang Daero, Pyeongchang, Gangwon-do, 25354, Republic of Korea.
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Gangwon-do, 25354, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soo Kim
- R&D Center, Brexogen Inc., 3F, 9, Beobwon-ro 8-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05855, Republic of Korea.
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Jin SE, Kim J, Sung JH. Recent approaches of antibody therapeutics in androgenetic alopecia. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1434961. [PMID: 39221145 PMCID: PMC11362041 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1434961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic antibodies (Abs) have been anticipated as promising alternatives to conventional treatments such as topical minoxidil and oral finasteride for androgenetic alopecia (AGA). Due to the high molecular weight of typical Abs, the half-life of subcutaneous Abs exceeds 2 weeks, allowing an administration intervals of once a month or longer. Direct injection into the areas of hair loss is also feasible, potentially enhancing treatment efficacy while minimizing systemic side effects. However, therapeutic Abs are rarely developed for AGA therapy due to the requirement to be responsiveness to androgens and to exist in the extracellular fluid or cell surface surrounding the hair follicle. In this review, we introduce recent progress of antibody therapeutics in AGA targeting the prolactin receptor, Interleukin-6 receptor, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12, and dickkopf 1. As therapeutic Abs for AGA are still in the early stages, targets need further validation and optimization for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Eon Jin
- Epi Biotech Co., Ltd., Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jino Kim
- New Hair Plastic Surgery Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Xiong J, Liu Z, Jia L, Sun Y, Guo R, Xi T, Li Z, Wu M, Jiang H, Li Y. Bioinspired engineering ADSC nanovesicles thermosensitive hydrogel enhance autophagy of dermal papilla cells for androgenetic alopecia treatment. Bioact Mater 2024; 36:112-125. [PMID: 38440324 PMCID: PMC10911949 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Androgenic alopecia (AGA) is a highly prevalent form of non-scarring alopecia but lacks effective treatments. Stem cell exosomes have similar repair effects to stem cells, suffer from the drawbacks of high cost and low yield yet. Cell-derived nanovesicles acquired through mechanical extrusion exhibit favorable biomimetic properties similar to exosomes, enabling them to efficiently encapsulate substantial quantities of therapeutic proteins. In this study, we observed that JAM-A, an adhesion protein, resulted in a significantly increased the adhesion and resilience of dermal papilla cells to form snap structures against damage caused by dihydrotestosterone and macrophages, thereby facilitating the process of hair regrowth in cases of AGA. Consequently, adipose-derived stem cells were modified to overexpress JAM-A to produce engineered JAM-A overexpressing nanovesicles (JAM-AOE@NV). The incorporation of JAM-AOE@NV into a thermosensitive hydrogel matrix (JAM-AOE@NV Gel) to effectively addresses the limitations associated with the short half-life of JAM-AOE@NV, and resulted in the achievement of a sustained-release profile for JAM-AOE@NV. The physicochemical characteristics of the JAM-AOE@NV Gel were analyzed and assessed for its efficacy in promoting hair regrowth in vivo and vitro. The JAM-AOE@NV Gel, thus, presents a novel therapeutic approach and theoretical framework for promoting the treatment of low cell adhesion diseases similar to AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachao Xiong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Medical College, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200331, China
| | - Zhixiao Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lingling Jia
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yulin Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Medical College, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200331, China
| | - Rong Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Tingting Xi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Zihan Li
- St Hugh's College, University of Oxford, OX2 6LE, United Kingdom
| | - Minjuan Wu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yufei Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
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Gao Y, Fan Z, Xiao X, Kong D, Han J, Chu W. Epidermal ET-1 signal induces activation of resting hair follicles by upregulating the PI3K/AKT pathway in the dermis. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23476. [PMID: 38334392 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302207r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of alopecia has increased recently. Hair loss is often accompanied by the resting phase of hair follicles (HFs). Dermal papilla (DP) plays a crucial role in HF development, growth, and regeneration. Activating DP can revive resting HFs. Augmenting WNT/β-catenin signaling stimulates HF growth. However, the factors responsible for activating resting HFs effectively are unclear. In this study, we investigated epidermal cytokines that can activate resting HFs effectively. We overexpressed β-catenin in both in vivo and in vitro models to observe its effects on resting HFs. Then, we screened potential epidermal cytokines from GEO DATASETs and assessed their functions using mice models and skin-derived precursors (SKPs). Finally, we explored the molecular mechanism underlying the action of the identified cytokine. The results showed that activation of WNT/β-catenin in the epidermis prompted telogen-anagen transition. Keratinocytes infected with Ctnnb1-overexpressing lentivirus enhanced SKP expansion. Subsequently, we identified endothelin 1 (ET-1) expressed higher in hair-growing epidermis and induced the proliferation of DP cells and activates telogen-phase HFs in vivo. Moreover, ET-1 promotes the proliferation and stemness of SKPs. Western blot analysis and in vivo experiments revealed that ET-1 induces the transition from telogen-to-anagen phase by upregulating the PI3K/AKT pathway. These findings highlight the potential of ET-1 as a promising cytokine for HF activation and the treatment of hair loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Zhimeng Fan
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Xing Xiao
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Deqiang Kong
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jimin Han
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiwei Chu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
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Sánchez P, Serrano Falcón C, Martínez Rodríguez S, Torres JM, Serrano S, Ortega E. mRNA Levels of Aromatase, 5α-Reductase Isozymes, and Prostate Cancer-Related Genes in Plucked Hair from Young Men with Androgenic Alopecia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17461. [PMID: 38139289 PMCID: PMC10744313 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Androgenic alopecia (AGA) is the most prevalent type of progressive hair loss and has psychological repercussions. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of current pharmacological treatments remains limited, in part because the molecular basis of the disease has not been fully elucidated. Our group previously highlighted the important roles of aromatase and 5α-reductase (5α-R) in alopecia in young women with female pattern hair loss. Additionally, an association has been proposed between AGA and prostate cancer (PCa), suggesting that genes implicated in PCa would also be involved in AGA. A low-invasive, sensitive, and precise method was used to determine mRNA levels of aromatase, 5α-R isozymes, and 84 PCa-related genes in samples of plucked hair from young men with AGA and controls. Samples were obtained with a trichogram from the vertex scalp, and mRNA levels were quantified using real-time RT-PCR. The men with AGA had significantly higher 5α-R2 mRNA levels in comparison to controls; interestingly, some of them also showed markedly elevated mRNA levels of 5α-R1 or 5α-R3 or of both, which may explain the varied response to 5α-R inhibitor treatments. The men with AGA also showed significant changes versus controls in 6 out of the 84 genes implicated in PCa. This study contributes greater knowledge of the molecular bases of AGA, facilitating early selection of the most appropriate pharmacological therapy and opening the way to novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Sánchez
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (P.S.); (S.M.R.)
| | | | - Sergio Martínez Rodríguez
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (P.S.); (S.M.R.)
| | - Jesús M. Torres
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (P.S.); (S.M.R.)
| | - Salvio Serrano
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain;
| | - Esperanza Ortega
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (P.S.); (S.M.R.)
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7
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Wu X, Du YZ. Nanodrug Delivery Strategies to Signaling Pathways in Alopecia. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5396-5415. [PMID: 37817669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Over 50% of the global population suffers from hair loss. The mixed results in the treatment of hair loss reveal the limitations of conventional commercial topical drugs. One the one hand, the definite pathogenesis of hair loss is still an enigma. On the other hand, targeted drug carriers ensure the drug therapeutic effect and low side effects. This review highlights the organization and overview of nine crucial signaling pathways associated with hair loss, as well as the development of nanobased topical delivery systems loading the clinical drugs, which will fuel emerging hair loss treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuan Wu
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321299, China
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yong-Zhong Du
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321299, China
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
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8
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Sun M, Jiang H, Lin S, Qin H, Ding X, Lai Y, Liu S, Liu M. Effects of photobiomodulation at various irradiances on normal and dihydrotestosterone-treated human hair dermal papilla cells in vitro. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2023; 16:e202300087. [PMID: 37418658 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common type of hair loss caused by dihydrotestosterone (DHT) binding to androgen receptors in dermal papilla cells (DPCs). Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a promising treatment for AGA but suffers from inconsistent outcomes and inconsistent effective light parameters. This study investigated the impact of red light at various irradiances on normal and DHT-treated DPCs. Our results suggested that red light at 8 mW/cm2 was most effective in promoting DPCs growth. Furthermore, a range of irradiances from 2 to 64 mW/cm2 modulated key signaling pathways, including Wnt, FGF, and TGF, in normal and DHT-treated DPCs. Interestingly, 8 mW/cm2 had a greater impact on these pathways in DHT-treated DPCs and altered the Shh pathway, suggesting that the effect of PBM varies with the cellular environment. This study highlights specific factors that influence PBM effectiveness and provides insight into the need for personalized PBM treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Sun
- Department of Light Source and Illuminating Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Zhongshan Fudan Joint Innovation Center, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Zhongshan Fudan Joint Innovation Center, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Future Lighting, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shangfei Lin
- Zhongshan Fudan Joint Innovation Center, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Future Lighting, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haokuan Qin
- Zhongshan Fudan Joint Innovation Center, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Future Lighting, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolei Ding
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongxian Lai
- Department of Dermatologic Surgery, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shangfeng Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Muqing Liu
- Department of Light Source and Illuminating Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Zhongshan Fudan Joint Innovation Center, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Future Lighting, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Tang X, Cao C, Liang Y, Han L, Tu B, Yu M, Wan M. Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Exosomes Antagonize the Inhibitory Effect of Dihydrotestosterone on Hair Follicle Growth by Activating Wnt/ β-Catenin Pathway. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:5548112. [PMID: 37810630 PMCID: PMC10551537 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5548112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The most prevalent type of alopecia is androgenetic alopecia (AGA), which has a high prevalence but no effective treatment. Elevated dihydrotestosterone (DHT) level in the balding area was usually thought to be critical in the pathophysiology of AGA. The canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a key role in promoting hair follicle development and sustaining the hair follicle cycle. Adipose-derived stem cell exosomes (ADSC-Exos) are widely used in the field of regenerative medicine due to the advantages of being cell free and immune privileged. Still, few studies have reported the therapeutic effect on hair disorders. As a result, we sought to understand how ADSC-Exos affected hair growth and explore the possibility that ADSC-Exos could counteract the hair-growth-inhibiting effects of DHT. This research using human hair follicle organs, in vitro dermal papilla cells, and in vivo animal models showed that ADSC-Exos not only encouraged healthy hair growth but also counteracted the inhibitory effects of DHT on hair growth. Additionally, we discovered that ADSC-Exos increased Ser9 phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3β levels and facilitated nuclear translocation of β-catenin, which may have been blocked by the specific Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway inhibitor dickkopf-related protein 1. Our findings suggested that ADSC-Exos are essential for hair regeneration, which is anticipated to open up new therapeutic possibilities for clinical alopecia, particularly for the treatment of AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tang
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuixiang Cao
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunxiao Liang
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Le Han
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Tu
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaojian Wan
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Ortega-Cuartiella A. Therapeutic Potential of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells and Their Secretome in Reversible Alopecias: A Systematic Review. Int J Trichology 2023; 15:173-182. [PMID: 39170092 PMCID: PMC11335044 DOI: 10.4103/ijt.ijt_3_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Androgenic alopecia (AGA) and alopecia areata (AA) are two highly prevalent conditions, affecting both men and women of a wide range of ages, which strongly impact their quality of life and self-esteem. Both pathologies are deemed to be reversible, although conventional therapies have shown limited scope and efficacy. New therapeutic approaches, focusing on the degenerative changes that take place in the hair follicle, are needed to achieve better outcomes. For instance, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC), abundant and easy to obtain, hold great potential in follicular regeneration. ADSCs can be isolated as stromal vascular fraction (SVF) by the enzymatic digestion of the lipoaspirate or as nanofat by the mechanical breakdown of adipocytes. In addition, commercial preparations of the conditioned medium of the ADSCs secretome (ADSC-conditionate medium [CM]) have entered the market as an appealing alternative because of their comparatively lower cost and accessibility. A search was conducted, crossing relevant terms, on PubMed Central and Google Scholar. Criteria for inclusion were studies in the past 10 years on humans with AGA or AA, where either SVF, nanofat, or ADSC-CM was tested as the main treatment. Eleven publications qualified: two studied nanofat, three, ADSC-CM, and six, SVF, either individually or in combination with other therapies. Only one randomized controlled trial (RCT) was found and classified as evidence 2b according to the Sackett scale. The rest were case-control studies or case series with small samples and no control, graded as evidence 3b and 4. A meta-analysis could not be conducted due to the heterogenicity of the study designs. Given the evidence obtained, Level D NICE recommendation was established. However, we consider that the positive findings are sufficiently consistent to support the elaboration of further RCTs that share criteria and methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Ortega-Cuartiella
- Ad Astra Clinic® Medical Director and Founder, Cl. Doctor Roux 67, Bajo. Barcelona, Spain, International Society for Stem Cell Applications: Platinum Member, Real Instituto Alfonso XIII: Academician
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11
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Hussein RS, Atia T, Bin Dayel S. Impact of Thyroid Dysfunction on Hair Disorders. Cureus 2023; 15:e43266. [PMID: 37692605 PMCID: PMC10492440 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hair loss is a problem for everyone, regardless of their age or sex. The three most prevalent types of hair loss, telogen effluvium, alopecia areata, and androgenetic alopecia, have been associated with a variety of risk factors. Strong evidence links thyroid hormones (THs) to hair loss. THs control the growth, differentiation, metabolism, and thermogenesis of body cells. The skin is a significant target organ for THs; however, the cellular and molecular causes of thyroid dysfunction-related skin diseases remain unknown. Hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and drug-induced hypothyroidism can induce widespread hair shedding. Little information is available regarding the incidence and effects of thyroid dysfunction on hair problems. This study aimed to review the impact and prevalence of thyroid disorders on hair loss. The conclusions drawn from this study highlight the underestimated prevalence and impact of thyroid disorders on hair loss. The review of scientific articles, including original research, review articles, and a case report, provides a comprehensive understanding of the topic. This research adds to the existing literature by enhancing our understanding of the relationship between thyroid dysfunction and hair disorders. It contributes to the body of evidence by reviewing relevant studies and summarizing the impact of thyroid disorders on hair loss. The study also highlights the gaps in knowledge and the need for more research in this area to improve the diagnosis and management of hair disorders associated with thyroid dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramadan S Hussein
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dermatology Unit, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, SAU
| | - Tarek Atia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, SAU
| | - Salman Bin Dayel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dermatology Unit, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, SAU
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12
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Kaiser M, Abdin R, Gaumond SI, Issa NT, Jimenez JJ. Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia: Current Guidance and Unmet Needs. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:1387-1406. [PMID: 37284568 PMCID: PMC10239632 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s385861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common cause of hair loss in men and women. Traditionally, topical minoxidil and oral finasteride have been the standard of care yielding mixed results. New treatments such as Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT), microneedling, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and others have been extensively studied in the literature, and the purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive discussion of the latest treatment methods and their efficacy in treating AGA. Novel therapies such as oral minoxidil, topical finasteride, topical spironolactone, botulinum toxin, and stem cell therapy offer interesting alternatives to standard of care therapies for patients. In this review, we present data from recent studies on the clinical efficacy of these treatments. Furthermore, as new treatments have emerged, clinicians have tested combination therapies to assess whether there may be a synergistic relationship between multiple modalities. While there has been a great increase in the treatments available for AGA, the quality of evidence varies greatly and there is still a great need for randomized double blinded clinical trials to adequately assess the clinical efficacy of some treatments. While PRP and LLLT have demonstrated encouraging results, standardized treatment protocols are needed to adequately inform clinicians on how to use such therapies. Given the abundance of new therapeutic options, clinicians and patients must weigh the benefits and risks of each treatment option for AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kaiser
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Rama Abdin
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Simonetta I Gaumond
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Naiem T Issa
- Forefront Dermatology, Vienna, VA, USA
- Issa Research and Consulting, LLC, Springfield, VA, USA
| | - Joaquin J Jimenez
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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13
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Kinoshita-Ise M, Fukuyama M, Ohyama M. Recent Advances in Understanding of the Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management of Hair Loss Diseases. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12093259. [PMID: 37176700 PMCID: PMC10179687 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12093259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hair-loss diseases comprise heterogenous conditions with respective pathophysiology and clinicopathological characteristics. Major breakthroughs in hair follicle biology and immunology have led to the elucidation of etiopathogenesis of non-scarring alopecia (e.g., alopecia areata, AA) and cicatricial alopecia (e.g., lichen planopilaris, LPP). High-throughput genetic analyses revealed molecular mechanism underlying the disease susceptibility of hair loss conditions, such as androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and female pattern hair loss (FPHL). Hair loss attracted public interest during the COVID-19 pandemic. The knowledge of hair loss diseases is robustly expanding and thus requires timely updates. In this review, the diagnostic and measurement methodologies applied to hair loss diseases are updated. Of note, novel criteria and classification/scoring systems published in the last decade are reviewed, highlighting their advantages over conventional ones. Emerging diagnostic techniques are itemized with clinical pearls enabling efficient utilization. Recent advances in understanding the etiopathogenesis and management for representative hair diseases, namely AGA, FPHL, AA, and major primary cicatricial alopecia, including LPP, are comprehensively summarized, focusing on causative factors, genetic predisposition, new disease entity, and novel therapeutic options. Lastly, the association between COVID-19 and hair loss is discussed to delineate telogen effluvium as the predominating pathomechanism accounting for this sequela.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Kinoshita-Ise
- Department of Dermatology, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Masahiro Fukuyama
- Department of Dermatology, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Manabu Ohyama
- Department of Dermatology, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
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14
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Mayer W, Weibel M, De Luca C, Ibragimova G, Trakhtman I, Kharaeva Z, Chandler DL, Korkina L. Biomolecules of Fermented Tropical Fruits and Fermenting Microbes as Regulators of Human Hair Loss, Hair Quality, and Scalp Microbiota. Biomolecules 2023; 13:699. [PMID: 37189446 PMCID: PMC10136211 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived secondary metabolites (polyphenols/terpenes/alkaloids) and microbial exometabolites/membrane components of fermented tropical fruits are known as highly bioavailable biomolecules causing skin and hair improvement effects (wound healing, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiacne, skin/hair microbiota balancing, hair growth-promoting, and hair loss-inhibiting). Caffein is considered as a hair growth promoter. A randomized placebo- and caffein-controlled clinical trial on the efficacy of fermented papaya (FP) plus fermented mangosteen (FM) towards human hair quality and loss was conducted. Shampoo and lotion hair care products containing FP, FM, and caffein as active agents were developed and applied to 154 subjects of both sexes with clinically confirmed androgenic or diffuse alopecia for 3 months. Their clinical efficacy was assessed subjectively by questionnaires filled in by dermatologists/trichologists, and by the objective trichomicroscopical calculations. Hair and scalp skin quality was determined by microbiota pattern and ATP, SH-groups, protein, and malonyl dialdehyde quantification. Comparative clinical data showed that the experimental hair care cosmetics significantly inhibited hair loss, increased hair density/thickness, and improved hair follicle structure versus placebo and caffein controls. The cosmetics with FP and FM substantially normalized the microbiota pattern and increased ATP content in hair follicle, while inhibiting lipid peroxidation in the scalp skin, and SH-group formation in the hair shaft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Mayer
- Medena AG, 16 Industriestrasse, CH-8910 Affoltern-am-Albis, Switzerland; (W.M.); (M.W.); (C.D.L.)
| | - Michaela Weibel
- Medena AG, 16 Industriestrasse, CH-8910 Affoltern-am-Albis, Switzerland; (W.M.); (M.W.); (C.D.L.)
| | - Chiara De Luca
- Medena AG, 16 Industriestrasse, CH-8910 Affoltern-am-Albis, Switzerland; (W.M.); (M.W.); (C.D.L.)
| | - Galina Ibragimova
- Centre for Innovative Biotechnological Investigations Nanolab (CIBI-NANOLAB), 197 Vernadskiy Pr., 119571 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Ilya Trakhtman
- Swiss Dekotra GmbH, 549 Badenerstrasse, CH-8048 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Zaira Kharaeva
- Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, Kabardino-Balkar Berbekov’s State University, 176 Chernishevskiy St., 360000 Nal’chik, Russia;
| | | | - Liudmila Korkina
- Centre for Innovative Biotechnological Investigations Nanolab (CIBI-NANOLAB), 197 Vernadskiy Pr., 119571 Moscow, Russia;
- Swiss Dekotra GmbH, 549 Badenerstrasse, CH-8048 Zurich, Switzerland;
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15
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Ryu YC, Park J, Kim YR, Choi S, Kim GU, Kim E, Hwang Y, Kim H, Han G, Lee SH, Choi KY. CXXC5 Mediates DHT-Induced Androgenetic Alopecia via PGD 2. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040555. [PMID: 36831222 PMCID: PMC9954685 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of people suffering from hair loss is increasing, and hair loss occurs not only in older men but also in women and young people. Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) is a well-known alopecia inducer. However, the mechanism by which PGD2 induces alopecia is poorly understood. In this study, we characterized CXXC5, a negative regulator of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, as a mediator for hair loss by PGD2. The hair loss by PGD2 was restored by Cxxc5 knock-out or treatment of protein transduction domain-Dishevelled binding motif (PTD-DBM), a peptide activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway via interference with the Dishevelled (Dvl) binding function of CXXC5. In addition, suppression of neogenic hair growth by PGD2 was also overcome by PTD-DBM treatment or Cxxc5 knock-out as shown by the wound-induced hair neogenesis (WIHN) model. Moreover, we found that CXXC5 also mediates DHT-induced hair loss via PGD2. DHT-induced hair loss was alleviated by inhibition of both GSK-3β and CXXC5 functions. Overall, CXXC5 mediates the hair loss by the DHT-PGD2 axis through suppression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong Chan Ryu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Rin Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehee Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon-Uk Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhwan Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yumi Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejene Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyoonhee Han
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Soung-Hoon Lee
- CK Regeon Inc., B137 Engineering Research Park, 50 Yonsei Ro, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Yell Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- CK Regeon Inc., B137 Engineering Research Park, 50 Yonsei Ro, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
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16
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Wang C, Zang K, Tang Z, Yang T, Ye X, Dang Y. Hordenine Activated Dermal Papilla Cells and Promoted Hair Regrowth by Activating Wnt Signaling Pathway. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030694. [PMID: 36771401 PMCID: PMC9921158 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Hordenine is effective in treating hyperpigmentation, fighting diabetes and resisting fibrosis and acute inflammation. However, the role of Hordenine on hair growth has not been elucidated. Here, we found that Hordenine treatments significantly enhance proliferation of primary mouse dermal-papilla cells (DPCs) and increase the activity of DPCs in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, Hordenine markedly promoted the elongation of the hair shaft in the model of in vitro-cultured mouse vibrissa follicle and accelerated hair regrowth in a mouse model of depilation-induced hair regeneration. Real-time PCR, Western Blot and immunofluorescent assays showed that nuclear β-catenin and its downstream gene expression such as Lef1, Axin2, Cyclin D1 and ALP were greatly upregulated in DPCs and mouse hair follicles after Hordenine treatments. Moreover, the increased DPCs' proliferation and hair shaft elongation of cultured mouse vibrissa follicles induced by Hordenine treatments were rescued by a Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibitor, FH535. These data indicate that Hordenine can effectively enhance DPCs' activity and accelerate hair regrowth through activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, these findings suggest Hordenine/its derivatives may be potentially used for preventing and treating alopecia in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caibing Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Kai Zang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zexin Tang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiyun Ye
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Correspondence: (X.Y.); (Y.D.); Tel.: +86-21-5434-5482 (X.Y.)
| | - Yongyan Dang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Correspondence: (X.Y.); (Y.D.); Tel.: +86-21-5434-5482 (X.Y.)
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17
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Angwin C, Ghali N, van Dijk FS. Case report: Two individuals with AEBP1-related classical-like EDS: Further clinical characterisation and description of novel AEBP1 variants. Front Genet 2023; 14:1148224. [PMID: 37144134 PMCID: PMC10151747 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1148224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: AEBP1-related classical-like EDS (clEDS type 2) is a rare type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) that was first reported in 2016. There are overlapping clinical features with TNXB-related classical-like EDS (or clEDS type 1), including skin hyperextensibility, joint hypermobility, and easy bruising. There are currently nine reported individuals with AEBP1-related clEDS type 2. This report confirms previous findings and provides additional clinical and molecular data on this group of individuals. Materials and methods: Two individuals (P1 and P2), with features of a rare type of EDS, were clinically assessed in the London national EDS service and underwent genetic testing. Results: Genetic testing in P1 revealed likely pathogenic AEBP1 variants: c.821del:p. (Pro274Leufs*18) and c.2248T>C:p. (Trp750Arg). In P2 pathogenic AEBP1 variants, c.1012G>T:p. (Glu338*) and c.1930C>T:p. (Arg644*) were identified. Discussion: These two individuals increased the reported number of individuals with AEBP1-related clEDS to 11 (six females and five males). There are shared features with previously reported individuals, including hypermobility (11/11), skin hyperextensibility (11/11), presence of atrophic scarring (9/11), and easy bruising (10/11). In P1, a chronic right vertebral artery dissection, mild dilatation of the splenic artery, aberrant subclavian artery, and tortuous iliac arteries were observed at the age of 63 years. Cardiovascular disease has been reported, including mitral valve prolapse (4/11), peripheral arterial disease (1/11), and aortic root aneurysm requiring surgical intervention (1/11). Hair loss has been reported in 6/11 individuals (five females and one male), only one of which was documented to have a formal diagnosis of androgenetic alopecia, while other individuals were described as having thinning of hair, male pattern hair loss, or unspecified alopecia. Conclusion: The clinical features of individuals with AEBP1-related EDS have not been fully elucidated yet. Hair loss is present in 6/11 individuals with AEBP1-related clEDS and appears to be a feature of this condition. This is the first time hair loss has been formally reported as a characteristic feature in a rare type of EDS. Cardiovascular surveillance seems warranted in this condition because 2/11 individuals have evidence of arterial aneurysm and/or dissection. Further descriptions of affected individuals are necessary to update diagnostic criteria and management guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Angwin
- National Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Service, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Genetics and Genomics Division, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Neeti Ghali
- National Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Service, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Genetics and Genomics Division, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fleur Stephanie van Dijk
- National Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Service, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Genetics and Genomics Division, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Fleur Stephanie van Dijk,
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18
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Colin-Pierre C, El Baraka O, Danoux L, Bardey V, André V, Ramont L, Brézillon S. Regulation of stem cell fate by HSPGs: implication in hair follicle cycling. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:77. [PMID: 36577752 PMCID: PMC9797564 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00267-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are part of proteoglycan family. They are composed of heparan sulfate (HS)-type glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains covalently linked to a core protein. By interacting with growth factors and/or receptors, they regulate numerous pathways including Wnt, hedgehog (Hh), bone morphogenic protein (BMP) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) pathways. They act as inhibitor or activator of these pathways to modulate embryonic and adult stem cell fate during organ morphogenesis, regeneration and homeostasis. This review summarizes the knowledge on HSPG structure and classification and explores several signaling pathways regulated by HSPGs in stem cell fate. A specific focus on hair follicle stem cell fate and the possibility to target HSPGs in order to tackle hair loss are discussed in more dermatological and cosmeceutical perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Colin-Pierre
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Reims, France.
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire-MEDyC, Reims, France.
- BASF Beauty Care Solutions France SAS, Pulnoy, France.
| | | | - Louis Danoux
- BASF Beauty Care Solutions France SAS, Pulnoy, France
| | | | - Valérie André
- BASF Beauty Care Solutions France SAS, Pulnoy, France
| | - Laurent Ramont
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Reims, France
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire-MEDyC, Reims, France
- CHU de Reims, Service Biochimie-Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Reims, France
| | - Stéphane Brézillon
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Reims, France
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire-MEDyC, Reims, France
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19
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Zhang Y, Zhang S, Long Y, Wang W, Du F, Li J, Jin F, Li Z. Stimulation of hair growth by Tianma Gouteng decoction: Identifying mechanisms based on chemical analysis, systems biology approach, and experimental evaluation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1073392. [PMID: 36588691 PMCID: PMC9802907 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1073392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hair serves important physiological functions, including temperature regulation and scalp protection. However, excessive shedding not only impacts these functions but can also significantly affect mental health and quality of life. Tianma Gouteng decoction (TGD) is a traditional Chinese medicine used for the treatment of various conditions, including hair loss. However, the associated mechanism underlying its anti-alopecia effect remains unknown. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate these mechanisms by employing systematic biology approaches, as well as in vitro and in vivo experimental validation. The chemical constituents of Tianma Gouteng decoction were identified using UHPLC-MS/MS, from which 39 potential bioactive components were screened, while an additional 131 putative Tianma Gouteng decoction beneficial components were extracted from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) database. We then applied a dual-dimensional network pharmacology approach to analyze the data, followed by validation studies combining molecular docking techniques with in vivo and in vitro experiments. From the 39 bioactive components, including quercetin, luteolin, fisetin, wogonin, oroxylin A, boldine, tetrahydroalstonine, and galangin A, 782 corresponding targets were identified. In particular, GSK3β and β-catenin exhibited strong binding activity with the bioactive compounds. Hence, construction of a bioactive component-target network revealed that the mechanism underlying the anti-alopecia mechanism of Tianma Gouteng decoction primarily involved the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Moreover, C57BL/6J mice exhibited measurable improvements in hair follicle regeneration following treatment with Tianma Gouteng decoction. Additionally, β-catenin and p-GSK3β levels were upregulated, while GSK3β was downregulated in Tianma Gouteng decoction-treated animals and dermal papilla cells compared to control group. These in vivo and in vitro outcomes validated the targets and pathways predicted in the network pharmacology analysis of Tianma Gouteng decoction. This study provides a systematic analysis approach to identify the underlying anti-alopecia mechanisms of Tianma Gouteng decoction, further providing theoretical support for clinical assessment of Tianma Gouteng decoction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Shiqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yunluan Long
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Wuji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Fanpan Du
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jingjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,*Correspondence: Zheng Li,
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20
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Dendrobium officinale Polysaccharide (DOP) Promotes Hair Regrowth in Testosterone-Induced Bald Mice. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2022; 47:833-841. [PMID: 36470987 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-022-03144-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Androgenetic alopecia can affect up to 70% of males and 40% of females; however, certain therapeutic medications offer partial and transitory improvement but with major side effects. Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide (DOP) has been reported to improve androgen-related hair loss in mice, but the molecular mechanism remains unclear. OBJECTIVES To explore the effects of DOP on androgenetic alopecia. METHODS In this study, testosterone was subcutaneously administered to shave dorsa skin of mice to establish androgenetic alopecia; the effects of DOP in androgenetic alopecia were explored by DOP administration. RESULTS Testosterone treatment extended the time of skin growing dark and hair growing, decreased the mean numbers of follicles in skin tissues, decreased β-catenin and cyclin D1 levels, and elevated testosterone, DHT (dihydrotestosterone), and 5α-reductase levels. In contrast, DOP administration shortened skin growing dark and hair growing times, promoted follicle cell proliferation, increased follicle numbers, increased β-catenin and cyclin D1 levels, and decreased testosterone, DHT, and 5α-reductase levels. CONCLUSION DOP application significantly improved testosterone-induced hair follicle miniaturization and hair loss, possibly through affecting the Wnt signaling and hair follicle stem cell functions. NO LEVEL ASSIGNED This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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21
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Hong GL, Lee HJ, Kim YJ, Kim KH, Jung JY. Stauntonia hexaphylla Extract Ameliorates Androgenic Alopecia by Inhibiting Androgen Signaling in Testosterone-induced Alopecia Mice. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2022; 21:e133333. [PMID: 36896319 PMCID: PMC9990510 DOI: 10.5812/ijpr-133333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Background Stauntonia hexaphylla has been a traditional folk remedy for alleviating fever and providing anti-inflammatory properties. Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common form mediated by the presence of the dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Objectives In this study, we evaluated the effects of an extract of S. hexaphylla on AGA models and its mechanisms of action. Methods We studied S. hexaphylla extract to evaluate 5α-reductase and androgen receptor (AR) levels, apoptosis, and cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. In addition, paracrine factors for androgenic alopecia, such as transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) and dickkopf-a (DKK-1), were examined. Apoptosis was investigated, and the evaluation of proliferation was examined with cytokeratin 14 (CK-14) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Results In human follicular dermal papilla cells, the 5α-reductase and AR were decreased following S. hexaphylla treatment, which reduced the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Histologically, the dermal thickness and follicle number were higher in the S. hexaphylla groups compared with the AGA group. In addition, the DHT concentration, 5α-reductase, and AR were decreased, thereby downregulating TGF-β1 and DKK-1 expression and upregulating cyclin D in S. hexaphylla groups. The numbers of keratinocyte-positive and PCNA-positive cells were increased compared to those in the AGA group. Conclusions The present study demonstrated that the S. hexaphylla extract ameliorated AGA by inhibiting 5α-reductase and androgen signaling, reducing AGA paracrine factors that induce keratinocyte (KC) proliferation, and inhibition apoptosis and catagen prematuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geum-Lan Hong
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui-Ju Lee
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yae-Ji Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Young Jung
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding Author: Department of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, 220 Gung-dong, Yusung-gu, P. O. Box: 34134, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Liu Q, Tang Y, Huang Y, Wang J, Yang K, Zhang Y, Pu W, Liu J, Shi X, Ma Y, Ni C, Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Li H, Wang J, Lin J, Wu W. Insights into male androgenetic alopecia using comparative transcriptome profiling: hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathways. Br J Dermatol 2022; 187:936-947. [PMID: 35862273 PMCID: PMC10087000 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.21783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The key pathophysiological changes in androgenetic alopecia (AGA) are limited to hair follicles (HFs) in frontal and vertex regions, sparing the occipital region. OBJECTIVES To identify biological differences among HF subpopulations. METHODS Paired vertex and occipital HFs from 10 male donors with AGA were collected for RNA sequencing assay. Furthermore, HF and cell experiments were conducted on the identified key genes to reveal their roles in AGA. RESULTS Transcriptome profiles revealed that 506 mRNAs, 55 microRNAs and 127 long noncoding RNAs were differentially expressed in the AGA vertex HFs. Pathway analysis of mRNAs and microRNAs revealed involvement of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1, Wnt/β-catenin, and focal adhesion pathways. Differential expression of HIF-1 prolyl hydroxylase enzymes (EGLN1, EGLN3) and Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitors (SERPINF1, SFRP2) was experimentally validated. In vitro studies revealed that reduction of EGLN1, EGLN3, SERPINF1 and SFRP2 stimulated proliferation of dermal papilla cells. Ex vivo HF studies showed that downregulation of EGLN1, EGLN3 and SERPINF1 promoted HF growth, postponed HF catagen transition, and prolonged the anagen stage, suggesting that these genes may be potentially utilized as therapeutic targets for AGA. CONCLUSIONS We characterized key transcriptome changes in male AGA HFs, and found that HIF-1 pathway-related genes (EGLN1, EGLN3) and Wnt pathway inhibitors (SERPINF1, SFRP2) may play important roles in AGA. What is already known about this topic? Multiple differentially expressed genes and signalling pathways have been found between hair follicles (HFs) in the balding area (frontal and vertex regions) and nonbalding area (occipital region) of individuals with androgenetic alopecia (AGA). A whole-transcriptome atlas of the vertex and occipital region is lacking. What does this study add? We identified a number of differentially expressed genes and pathways between balding vertex and nonbalding occipital AGA HFs by using whole-transcriptome analyses. We identified pathways not previously reported in AGA, such as the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 signalling pathway. We verified that HIF-1 pathway-related genes (EGLN1, EGLN3) and Wnt pathway inhibitors (PEDF, SFRP2) played important roles in dermal papilla cell activity, hair growth and the hair cycle. What is the translational message? The EGLN1, EGLN3, SERPINF1 and SFRP2 genes may be potentially utilized as therapeutic targets for AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingmei Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yulong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji'an Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weilin Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangguang Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunya Ni
- Department of Dermatology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifei Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyang Li
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiucun Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Research Unit of Dissecting the Population Genetics and Developing New Technologies for Treatment and Prevention of Skin Phenotypes and Dermatological Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU058), Shanghai, China
| | - Jinran Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyu Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Dermatology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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23
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The Molecular Mechanism of Natural Products Activating Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway for Improving Hair Loss. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12111856. [PMID: 36430990 PMCID: PMC9693075 DOI: 10.3390/life12111856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hair loss, or alopecia, is a dermatological disorder that causes psychological stress and poor quality of life. Drug-based therapeutics such as finasteride and minoxidil have been clinically used to treat hair loss, but they have limitations due to their several side effects in patients. To solve this problem, there has been meaningful progress in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of hair growth and finding novel targets to develop therapeutics to treat it. Among various signaling pathways, Wnt/β-catenin plays an essential role in hair follicle development, the hair cycle, and regeneration. Thus, much research has demonstrated that various natural products worldwide promote hair growth by stimulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. This review discusses the functional role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and its related signaling molecules. We also review the molecular mechanism of the natural products or compounds that activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling and provide insights into developing therapeutics or cosmeceuticals that treat hair loss.
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24
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Li J, Zhao B, Dai Y, Zhang X, Chen Y, Wu X. Exosomes Derived from Dermal Papilla Cells Mediate Hair Follicle Stem Cell Proliferation through the Wnt3a/ β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9042345. [PMID: 36388171 PMCID: PMC9663250 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9042345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Both hair follicle stem cells (HFSC) and dermal papilla cells (DPC) are essential for hair follicle growth and proliferation. In this study, HFSCs and DPCs that made signature proteins like KRT14, KRT15, KRT19, α-SMA, and Versican were obtained. Cell coculture systems between HFSCs and DPCs were used to measure the increased PCNA protein content in HFSCs. Additionally, exosomes from dermal papilla cells (DPC-Exos), the overexpression and silencing of Wnt3a, could regulate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway downstream genes. After collecting DPC-ExosOE-Wnt3a, the treatment of HFSC with DPC-ExosOE-Wnt3a showed that DPC-ExosOE-Wnt3a could upregulate the mRNA expression of downstream genes in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and that DPC-ExosOE-Wnt3a enhanced the proliferation of HFSCs while inhibiting their apoptosis. These findings suggest that DPC-Exos could regulate HFSC cell proliferation via the Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling pathway. This research offers novel concepts for the molecular breeding and efficient production of Angora rabbits, as well as for the treatment of human hair problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bohao Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingying Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiyu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinsheng Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
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25
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Jia L, Xiong J, Guo R, Li Y, Jiang H. Effects of microneedling with 5% minoxidil topical solution combination therapy in treatment of androgenetic alopecia. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:5665-5671. [PMID: 35861653 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microneedling (MN) therapy is one of minimal invasive operations with needles rolled over skin to puncturing the epidermis, and it is becoming a widely used treatment during various dermatological diseases includes androgenetic alopecia (AGA). OBJECTIVE The purpose of the current study is to investigate the clinical observation and safety of MN combined with 5% minoxidil on triggering hair growth in AGA patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective study has analyzed 18 AGA patients who were treated by MN in combination with 5% minoxidil topical solution between July 2021 and February 2022. All patients received six sessions of treatment under aseptic condition at an interval of 1 week. Assessment of hair regrowth was done at the baseline and 10 weeks by photography, investigator, and patient assessment global scoring table on clinical improvement, and the patient's final satisfaction was investigated. RESULTS According to the standardized 7-point scale, mean scores of investigator and participant assessments were 1.44 ± 0.61 and 1.66 ± 0.59, respectively, indicating that the hair appearance was considerably improved by MN combined with 5% minoxidil treatment. Fifteen patients (83.3%) were satisfied with the improvement in hair growth. No severe adverse events were noted in patients during and after the procedure. CONCLUSION The combination of the length of 1.5 mm MN and 5% minoxidil in the treatment of AGA showed efficacy with high safety, which is worthy of clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Jia
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiachao Xiong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufei Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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26
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High-efficiency 3D cell spheroid formation via the inertial focusing effect in rotating droplets. Biodes Manuf 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42242-022-00211-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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27
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Shi X, Chen Y, Yang K, Zhu Y, Ma Y, Liu Q, Wang J, Ni C, Zhang Y, Li H, Lin J, Wang J, Wu W. Disrupted citric acid metabolism inhibits hair growth. J Dermatol 2022; 49:1037-1048. [PMID: 35841232 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hair follicles (HFs) play an essential role in sustaining a persistent hair growth cycle. The activities of dermal papilla cells (DPCs) and other cells inside the HFs dominate the process of hair growth. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. To investigate the role of citric acid (CA) metabolism in hair growth, we evaluated the effect of citrate synthase (CS)-CA axis on hair growth in vivo and in vitro. Mice hair growth was evaluated by morphology and histopathology analysis. The inflammation and apoptosis levels in mice, HFs, and DPCs were detected by immunohistofluorescence, qPCR, ELISA, western blot, and TUNEL assay. Cell proliferation, cell cycle, and cell apoptosis in DPCs were analyzed by real-time cell analysis and flow cytometer. We found that subcutaneous injection of CA in mice caused significant hair growth suppression, skin lesion, inflammatory response, cell apoptosis, and promotion of catagen entry, compared with the saline control, by activating p-p65 and apoptosis signaling in an NLRP3-dependent manner. In cultured human HFs, CA attenuated the hair shaft production and accelerated HF catagen entry by regulating the above-mentioned pathways. Additionally, CA hampered the proliferation rate of DPCs via inducing cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Considering that citrate synthase (CS) is responsible for CA production and is a rate-limiting enzyme of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, we also investigated the role of CS in CA metabolism and hair growth. As expected, knockdown of CS reduced CA production and reversed CA-induced hair growth inhibition, anagen shrink, inflammation, and apoptosis both in HFs and DPCs. Our experiments demonstrated that CS-CA axis serves as an important mediator and might be a potential therapeutic target in hair growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangguang Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yahui Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifei Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyun Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingmei Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji'an Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunya Ni
- Department of Dermatology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyang Li
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinran Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiucun Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Research Unit of Dissecting the Population Genetics and Developing New Technologies for Treatment and Prevention of Skin Phenotypes and Dermatological Diseases (2019RU058), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyu Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Dermatology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
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28
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Phytochemical Constitution, Anti-Inflammation, Anti-Androgen, and Hair Growth-Promoting Potential of Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) Extract. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11111499. [PMID: 35684272 PMCID: PMC9182775 DOI: 10.3390/plants11111499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In Thai folklore wisdom, shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) was applied as a traditional herbal medicine for hair growth promotion with no scientific evidence. Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a progressive hair loss caused by multiple factors, including androgen hormones, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Conventional medicines (finasteride, dutasteride, corticosteroids, and minoxidil) have been used with limited therapeutic efficacy and unpleasant side effects. In this study, we aimed to give the first estimation of bioactive compounds in shallot extract and evaluate the hair growth-promoting activities regarding anti-inflammatory and gene expression modulation involving androgen, Wnt/β-catenin, sonic hedgehog, and angiogenesis pathways. The results reveal that phenolic compounds (quercetin, rosmarinic, and p-coumaric acids) are the major constituents of the methanolic shallot extract. Compared with the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated control group (2.68 ± 0.13 µM), nitric oxide production was remarkably diminished by shallot extract (0.55 ± 0.06 µM). Shallot extract improves hair growth promotion activity, as reflected by the downregulation of the androgen gene expression (SRD5A1 and SRD5A2) and the upregulation of the genes associated with Wnt/β-catenin (CTNNB1), sonic hedgehog (SHH, SMO, and GIL1), and angiogenesis (VEGF) pathways. These findings disclose the new insights of shallot extract on hair growth promotions. Shallot extract could be further developed as nutraceutical, nutricosmetic, and cosmeceutical preparations for AGA treatment.
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29
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Abdin R, Zhang Y, Jimenez JJ. Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia Using PRP to Target Dysregulated Mechanisms and Pathways. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:843127. [PMID: 35372424 PMCID: PMC8965895 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.843127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia (“AGA”) is the most prevalent type of progressive hair loss, causing tremendous psychological and social stress in patients. However, AGA treatment remains limited in scope. The pathogenesis of androgenetic alopecia is not completely understood but is known to involve a hair follicle miniaturization process in which terminal hair is transformed into thinner, softer vellus-like hair. This process is related to the dysregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which causes premature termination of the anagen growth phase in hair follicles. Historically used for wound healing, platelet rich plasma (“PRP”) has recently been at the forefront of potential AGA treatment. PRP is an autologous preparation of plasma that contains a high number of platelets and their associated growth factors such as EGF, IGF-1, and VEGF. These factors are known to individually play important roles in regulating hair follicle growth. However, the clinical effectiveness of PRP is often difficult to characterize and summarize as there are wide variabilities in the PRP preparation and administration protocols with no consensus on which protocol provides the best results. This study follows the previous review from our group in 2018 by Cervantes et al. to analyze and discuss recent clinical trials using PRP for the treatment of AGA. In contrast to our previous publication, we include recent clinical trials that assessed PRP in combination or in direct comparison with standard of care procedures for AGA such as topical minoxidil and/or oral finasteride. Overall, this study aims to provide an in-depth analysis of PRP in the treatment of AGA based on the evaluation of 17 recent clinical trials published between 2018 and October 2021. By closely examining the methodologies of each clinical trial included in our study, we additionally aim to provide an overall consensus on how PRP can be best utilized for the treatment of AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Abdin
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
| | - Yusheng Zhang
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Joaquin J Jimenez
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
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30
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The effects of centipedegrass extract on hair growth via promotion of anagen inductive activity. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265532. [PMID: 35320304 PMCID: PMC8942214 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the CGE on hair growth and to explore the mechanism that is involved in the acceleration of anagen induction, we investigated the effects of CGE studied on cell proliferation and molecular mechanism in human hair dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) and keratinocytes (HaCaT cells). Additionally, hair growth evaluation was carried out following topical treatment of the dorsal skin of telogen C57BL/6 mice with CGE for 14 days. As result, CGE increased cell viability and ALP activity in hDPCs. Moreover, CGE increased the expression of catenin beta 1 (CTNNB1), ALP, sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) genes in hDPCs. CGE increased the expression of proteins such as ALP, β-catenin, and phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (pGSK3β), and protein kinase B (pAKT) in hDPCs. Furthermore, CGE induced the proliferation of HaCaT cells and up-regulated AKT-ERK-GSKβ-β-catenin signaling in HaCaT cells. Additionally, the anagen induction effects of CGE were confirmed on the telogen-anagen transition mice model. these findings demonstrated that CGE promoted the entering the growth phase of hair follicle via activation of β-catenin signaling pathways in vivo. Thus, this study suggests that CGE might be a potential therapeutic reagent for hair growth.
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31
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A network pharmacology-based approach to explore mechanism of action of medicinal herbs for alopecia treatment. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2852. [PMID: 35181715 PMCID: PMC8857194 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06811-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hair loss is one of the most common skin problems experienced by more than half of the world's population. In East Asia, medicinal herbs have been used widely in clinical practice to treat hair loss. Recent studies, including systematic literature reviews, indicate that medicinal herbs may demonstrate potential effects for hair loss treatment. In a previous study, we identified medical herbs used frequently for alopecia treatment. Herein, we explored the potential novel therapeutic mechanisms of 20 vital medicinal herbs for alopecia treatment that could distinguish them from known mechanisms of conventional drugs using network pharmacology analysis methods. We determined the herb-ingredient–target protein networks and ingredient-associated protein (gene)-associated pathway networks and calculated the weighted degree centrality to define the strength of the connections. Data showed that 20 vital medicinal herbs could exert therapeutic effects on alopecia mainly mediated via regulation of various target genes and proteins, including acetylcholinesterase (AChE), phospholipase A2 (PLA2) subtypes, ecto-5-nucleotidase (NTE5), folate receptor (FR), nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), and quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase (QPRT). Findings regarding target genes/proteins and pathways of medicinal herbs associated with alopecia treatment offer insights for further research to better understand the pathogenesis and therapeutic mechanism of medicinal herbs for alopecia treatment with traditional herbal medicine.
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32
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Advances in Hair Restoration. CURRENT OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40136-021-00368-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Gupta AK, Quinlan EM, Venkataraman M, Bamimore MA. Microneedling for Hair Loss. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:108-117. [PMID: 34714971 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microneedling is a relatively novel therapeutic modality introduced in the 1990s where small, fine needles are used to create micro punctures in the skin. It is a minimally invasive procedure used for various dermatological conditions, including androgenetic alopecia (AGA). OBJECTIVE AND METHODS We comprehensively summarize the literature regarding microneedling in dermatology. We performed linear multivariable regressions to synthesize evidence from the clinical trials that investigated the efficacy of microneedling for AGA. Studies eligible for quantitative analyses were assessed for evidence quality. RESULTS The exact mechanism of microneedling action is yet to be determined, with theories that include the wound-healing cascade. Microneedling monotherapy significantly increased total hair count more than topical minoxidil 5% (β = 12.29; p < 0.001). The combination treatment of microneedling with topical 5% minoxidil increased total hair count significantly compared to monotherapy with microneedling (β = 7.63, p < 0.05). Increasing the overall treatment duration of microneedling and reducing the frequency of microneedling sessions may positively influence an increase in total hair count. CONCLUSION There are limited studies that investigate microneedling as a monotherapy for hair loss since majority of the trials combine it with other therapies such as topical minoxidil or platelet-rich plasma. While preliminary results look promising, further investigation of microneedling as a monotherapy in larger, randomized controlled trials will help determine its safety and efficacy, and place in treating AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya K Gupta
- Mediprobe Research Inc., London, ON, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Tian Y, Yang X, Du J, Zeng W, Wu W, Di J, Huang X, Tian K. Differential Methylation and Transcriptome Integration Analysis Identified Differential Methylation Annotation Genes and Functional Research Related to Hair Follicle Development in Sheep. Front Genet 2021; 12:735827. [PMID: 34659357 PMCID: PMC8515899 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.735827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hair follicle growth and development are a complex and long-term physiological process, which is regulated by a variety of physical factors and signal pathways. Increasing the understanding of the epigenetic regulation and function of candidate genes related to hair follicle development will help to better understand the molecular regulatory mechanisms of hair follicle development. In this study, the methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeDIP-seq) was used to obtain the genome-wide methylation map of the hair follicular development of Super Merino sheep in six stages (fetal skin tissue at 65d, 85d, 105d, 135d, 7d, and 30d after birth). Combined with the results of previous RNA-sequencing, 65 genes were screened out that were both differential methylation and differential expression, including EDN1, LAMC2, NR1D1, RORB, MyOZ3, and WNT2 gene. Differential methylation genes were enriched in Wnt, TNF, TGF-beta, and other signaling pathways related to hair follicle development. The bisulfite sequencing PCR results and MeDIP-seq were basically consistent, indicating that the sequencing results were accurate. As a key gene in the Wnt signaling pathway, both differential methylation and expression gene identified by MeDIP-seq and RNA-seq, further exploration of the function of WNT2 gene revealed that the DNA methylation of exon 5 (CpG11 site) promoted the expression of WNT2 gene. The overexpression vector of lentivirus pLEX-MCS-WNT2 was constructed, and WNT2 gene effectively promoted the proliferation of sheep skin fibroblasts. The results showed that WNT2 gene could promote the growth and development of skin and hair follicles. The results of this study will provide a theoretical basis for further research on sheep hair follicle development and gene regulation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuezhen Tian
- The Key Laboratory for Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Xinjiang Cashmere and Wool Sheep, Institute of Animal Science, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Xuemei Yang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jianwen Du
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Weidan Zeng
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Weiwei Wu
- The Key Laboratory for Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Xinjiang Cashmere and Wool Sheep, Institute of Animal Science, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Jiang Di
- The Key Laboratory for Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Xinjiang Cashmere and Wool Sheep, Institute of Animal Science, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Xixia Huang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Kechuan Tian
- The Key Laboratory for Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Xinjiang Cashmere and Wool Sheep, Institute of Animal Science, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi, China
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35
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Hu XM, Li ZX, Zhang DY, Yang YC, Fu SA, Zhang ZQ, Yang RH, Xiong K. A systematic summary of survival and death signalling during the life of hair follicle stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:453. [PMID: 34380571 PMCID: PMC8359037 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02527-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) are among the most widely available resources and most frequently approved model systems used for studying adult stem cells. HFSCs are particularly useful because of their self-renewal and differentiation properties. Additionally, the cyclic growth of hair follicles is driven by HFSCs. There are high expectations for the use of HFSCs as favourable systems for studying the molecular mechanisms that contribute to HFSC identification and can be applied to hair loss therapy, such as the activation or regeneration of hair follicles, and to the generation of hair using a tissue-engineering strategy. A variety of molecules are involved in the networks that critically regulate the fate of HFSCs, such as factors in hair follicle growth and development (in the Wnt pathway, Sonic hedgehog pathway, Notch pathway, and BMP pathway), and that suppress apoptotic cues (the apoptosis pathway). Here, we review the life cycle, biomarkers and functions of HFSCs, concluding with a summary of the signalling pathways involved in HFSC fate for promoting better understanding of the pathophysiological changes in the HFSC niche. Importantly, we highlight the potential mechanisms underlying the therapeutic targets involved in pathways associated with the treatment of hair loss and other disorders of skin and hair, including alopecia, skin cancer, skin inflammation, and skin wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Min Hu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Morphological Sciences Building, 172 Tongzi Po Road, Changsha, 410013, China.,Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Zhi-Xin Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Morphological Sciences Building, 172 Tongzi Po Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Dan-Yi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Morphological Sciences Building, 172 Tongzi Po Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yi-Chao Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Morphological Sciences Building, 172 Tongzi Po Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Shen-Ao Fu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Morphological Sciences Building, 172 Tongzi Po Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Zai-Qiu Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Morphological Sciences Building, 172 Tongzi Po Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Rong-Hua Yang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, #81, Lingnan North Road, Foshan, 528000, China.
| | - Kun Xiong
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Morphological Sciences Building, 172 Tongzi Po Road, Changsha, 410013, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, 410008, China.
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36
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Liu Y, Jiang LL, Liu F, Qu Q, Fan ZX, Guo Z, Miao Y, Hu ZQ. Comparison of low-level light therapy and combination therapy of 5% minoxidil in the treatment of female pattern hair loss. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 36:1085-1093. [PMID: 33068178 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03157-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted in order to compare the safety and efficacy of LLLT, 5% minoxidil, and combination therapy in the treatment of FPHL. A randomized controlled trial was developed to study the effect of LLLT on FPHL using a device called iHelmet®, which is equipped with 200 5mW laser diode source (650 nm) arrays. Ninety Ludwig's types II-III FPHL patients were randomly divided into 3 groups: LLLT group (A), 5% minoxidil group (B), and combination group(C). Hair density, hair diameter, and scalp oil-secretion were detected to evaluate the treatment effect. Significant improvement of hair density and hair diameter was observed in all stages of FPHL after treatment. Oil-secretion of the three groups was decreased after treatment. The effectiveness of reducing oil-secretion in LLLT group and combination group was higher than minoxidil group (P < 0.05). For improving hair diameter and hair density, combination group was better than LLLT and minoxidil groups. No side effects were reported. Our study illustrated that LLLT is a safe and effective treatment for FPHL. Besides, LLLT can significantly improve its efficacy when used in combination with 5% minoxidil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nan Fang Hospital of Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou AV, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin-Lang Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423099, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nan Fang Hospital of Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou AV, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Qu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nan Fang Hospital of Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou AV, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe-Xiang Fan
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nan Fang Hospital of Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou AV, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Guo
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nan Fang Hospital of Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou AV, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Miao
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nan Fang Hospital of Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou AV, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhi-Qi Hu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nan Fang Hospital of Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou AV, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Ntshingila S, Khumalo NP, Engel M, Arowolo AT. An appraisal of laboratory models of androgenetic alopecia: A systematic review. SKIN HEALTH AND DISEASE 2021; 1:e15. [PMID: 35664985 PMCID: PMC9060143 DOI: 10.1002/ski2.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common form of non‐scarring alopecia in humans. Several studies have used different laboratory models to study the pathogenesis and interventions for AGA. These study models have proved beneficial and have led to the approval of two drugs. However, the need to build on existing knowledge remains by examining the relevance of study models to the disease. Objective We sought to appraise laboratory or pre‐clinical models of AGA. Method We searched through databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, World CAT, Scopus and Google Scholar) for articles on AGA‐related studies from 1942 to March 2019 with a focus on study models. Results The search rendered 101 studies after screening and deduplication. Several studies (70) used in vitro models, mostly consisting of two‐dimensional monolayer cells for experiments involving the characterization of androgen and 5‐alpha reductase (5AR) and inhibition thereof, the effects of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and biomarker(s) of AGA. Twenty‐seven studies used in vivo models of mice and monkeys to investigate DHT synthesis, the expression and inhibition of 5AR and hair growth. Only four studies used AGA‐related or healthy excisional/punch biopsy explants as ex vivo models to study the action of 5AR inhibitors and AGA‐associated genes. No study used three‐dimensional [3‐D] organoids or organotypic human skin culture models. Conclusion We recommend clinically relevant laboratory models like human or patient‐derived 3‐D organoids or organotypic skin in AGA‐related studies. These models are closer to human scalp tissue and minimize the use of laboratory animals and could ultimately facilitate novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Ntshingila
- Hair and Skin Research Laboratory Division of Dermatology Department of Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences and Groote Schuur Hospital University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
| | - N. P. Khumalo
- Hair and Skin Research Laboratory Division of Dermatology Department of Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences and Groote Schuur Hospital University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
| | - M. Engel
- Department of Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences and Groote Schuur Hospital University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
| | - A. T. Arowolo
- Hair and Skin Research Laboratory Division of Dermatology Department of Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences and Groote Schuur Hospital University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
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38
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Gupta AK, Renaud HJ, Rapaport JA. Platelet-rich Plasma and Cell Therapy: The New Horizon in Hair Loss Treatment. Dermatol Clin 2021; 39:429-445. [PMID: 34053596 DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Current medicinal therapies for treating hair loss have shortcomes due to variability and ineffectiveness, noncompliance, and adverse effects. The prevalence of hair loss and its associated negative psychological impact have driven research into regenerative medicine approaches, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and cell-based therapies, in an attempt to find alternative, safe, effective, and reproducible treatments. Current research shows promising results from these therapies; however, more robust trials are needed to confirm the reported efficacies of PRP and cell-based therapies. Moreover, standardization of treatment preparation as well as dose and regimen are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya K Gupta
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mediprobe Research Inc., 645 Windermere Road, London, Ontario N5X 2P1, Canada.
| | - Helen J Renaud
- Mediprobe Research Inc., 645 Windermere Road, London, Ontario N5X 2P1, Canada
| | - Jeffrey A Rapaport
- Cosmetic Skin and Surgery Center, 333 Sylvan Avenue, Suite 207, Englewood Cliffs, NJ 07632, USA
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39
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de Groot SC, Ulrich MMW, Gho CG, Huisman MA. Back to the Future: From Appendage Development Toward Future Human Hair Follicle Neogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:661787. [PMID: 33912569 PMCID: PMC8075059 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.661787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hair disorders such as alopecia and hirsutism often impact the social and psychological well-being of an individual. This also holds true for patients with severe burns who have lost their hair follicles (HFs). HFs stimulate proper wound healing and prevent scar formation; thus, HF research can benefit numerous patients. Although hair development and hair disorders are intensively studied, human HF development has not been fully elucidated. Research on human fetal material is often subject to restrictions, and thus development, disease, and wound healing studies remain largely dependent on time-consuming and costly animal studies. Although animal experiments have yielded considerable and useful information, it is increasingly recognized that significant differences exist between animal and human skin and that it is important to obtain meaningful human models. Human disease specific models could therefore play a key role in future therapy. To this end, hair organoids or hair-bearing skin-on-chip created from the patient’s own cells can be used. To create such a complex 3D structure, knowledge of hair genesis, i.e., the early developmental process, is indispensable. Thus, uncovering the mechanisms underlying how HF progenitor cells within human fetal skin form hair buds and subsequently HFs is of interest. Organoid studies have shown that nearly all organs can be recapitulated as mini-organs by mimicking embryonic conditions and utilizing the relevant morphogens and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Therefore, knowledge of the cellular and ECM proteins in the skin of human fetuses is critical to understand the evolution of epithelial tissues, including skin appendages. This review aims to provide an overview of our current understanding of the cellular changes occurring during human skin and HF development. We further discuss the potential implementation of this knowledge in establishing a human in vitro model of a full skin substitute containing hair follicles and the subsequent translation to clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon C de Groot
- Association of Dutch Burn Centres, Beverwijk, Netherlands.,Hair Science Institute, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Coen G Gho
- Hair Science Institute, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Margriet A Huisman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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40
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Shome D, Kapoor R, Vadera S, Doshi K, Patel G, Mohammad Khan T. Evaluation of efficacy of intradermal injection therapy vs derma roller application for administration of QR678 Neo ® hair regrowth formulation for the treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia-A prospective study. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 20:3299-3307. [PMID: 33826786 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-surgical hair restoration is one of the most exciting and innovative fields in cosmetic surgery today. The addition of latest technique like derma roller seeks to achieve better results for delivering pharmaceutical solution for hair growth in comparison with topical administration. AIM We aim to compare intradermal injection vs. derma roller technique for administration of QR678Neo® hair regrowth therapy for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) in male and female patients. METHOD A sum of 50 patients in the age range of 20-70 years with AGA were included and divided into 2 groups; Group A (intradermal) and Group B (derma roller). Intradermal injection of QR678Neo® formulation and derma roller with superficial application of QR678Neo® was given in each group. Assessment was done using hair pull test, global photographic assessment, video-microscopic assessment, and patient subjective assessment at baseline, 6 months, and 1 year. RESULTS Significant diminution in hair fall was seen in both the groups. All the video-microscopic assessment factors were better in intradermal injection group compared to the derma roller group, but not significant. Erythema and pain were high in derma roller group in compare to intradermal. CONCLUSION Derma roller technique is more convenient and easy to perform, especially when the availability of a trained person to carry out intradermal injection is not feasible, it gives satisfactory results. It is also beneficial in needle phobic and apprehensive patients. Though the results are more efficacious with intradermal scalp injection technique, this study established satisfactory results with derma roller technique as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debraj Shome
- Department of Facial Plastic Surgery & Facial Cosmetic Surgery & Director, The Esthetic Clinics, Mumbai, India
| | - Rinky Kapoor
- Department of Dermatology, Cosmetic Dermatology & Dermato-Surgery, The Esthetic Clinics, Mumbai, India
| | - Sapna Vadera
- Department of Facial Plastic Surgery & Facial Cosmetic Surgery, The Esthetic Clinics, Mumbai, India
| | - Komal Doshi
- Department of Facial Plastic Surgery & Facial Cosmetic Surgery, The Esthetic Clinics, Mumbai, India
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Qu Q, Zhou Y, Shi P, Du L, Fan Z, Wang J, Li X, Chen J, Zhu D, Ye K, Hu Z, Miao Y. Platelet-rich plasma for androgenic alopecia: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study and combined mice model experiment. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 20:3227-3235. [PMID: 33752252 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet rich plasma (PRP) has been accepted as a potential therapy for treating androgenetic alopecia (AGA). OBJECTIVE To fully clarify the underling molecular mechanisms of PRP action on hair growth and promote its clinical applications. METHODS In this study, we used mice models and protein biochip to explore the specific mechanisms of PRP regulating hair growth. Then, we performed a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, half-head study of 52 AGA patients to verify the therapeutic efficacy of PRP in Chinese AGA patients. RESULTS The results confirmed that PRP treatment boosted hair regrowth, accelerated hair cycling, and the effect sustained for more than one hair cycle in mice. Protein biochip evaluation confirmed remarkably upregulated β-Catenin, PDGF, and AKT signaling and repressed p53 signaling in PRP injection group. Clinically, mean hair count, density, diameter, and anagen hair ratio in PRP group showed a significant improvement at 6 month comparing to control side. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we elucidated the specific molecular mechanism of PRP action on hair growth and proved the therapeutic efficacy and safety of PRP in Chinese AGA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Qu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Panli Shi
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Du
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhexiang Fan
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Decong Zhu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Ye
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqi Hu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Miao
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Fu D, Huang J, Li K, Chen Y, He Y, Sun Y, Guo Y, Du L, Qu Q, Miao Y, Hu Z. Dihydrotestosterone-induced hair regrowth inhibition by activating androgen receptor in C57BL6 mice simulates androgenetic alopecia. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111247. [PMID: 33517191 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgenic alopecia (AGA), also known as male pattern baldness, is one of the most common hair loss diseases worldwide. The main treatments of AGA include hair transplant surgery, oral medicines, and LDL laser irradiation, although no treatment to date can fully cure this disease. Animal models play important roles in the exploration of potential mechanisms of disease development and in assessing novel treatments. The present study describes androgen receptor (AR) in C57BL/6 mouse hair follicles that can be activated by dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and translocate to the nucleus. This led to the design of a mouse model of androgen-induced AGA in vivo and in vitro. DHT was found to induce early hair regression, hair miniaturization, hair density loss, and changes in hair morphology in male C57BL/6 mice. These effects of DHT could be partly reversed by the AR antagonist bicalutamide. DHT had similar effects in an ex vivo model of hair loss. Evaluation of histology, organ culture, and protein expression could explain the mechanism by which DHT delayed hair regrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danlan Fu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China
| | - Junfei Huang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China
| | - Kaitao Li
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China
| | - Yuxin Chen
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China
| | - Ye He
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China
| | - Yilong Guo
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China
| | - Lijuan Du
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China
| | - Qian Qu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China
| | - Yong Miao
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China.
| | - Zhiqi Hu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China.
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Ceruti JM, Oppenheimer FM, Leirós GJ, Balañá ME. Androgens downregulate BMP2 impairing the inductive role of dermal papilla cells on hair follicle stem cells differentiation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 520:111096. [PMID: 33259912 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.111096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hair follicle cyclical regeneration is regulated by epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. During androgenetic alopecia (AGA), hair follicle stem cells (HFSC) differentiation is impaired by deregulation of dermal papilla cells (DPC) secreted factors. We analyzed androgen influence on BMPs expression in DPC and their effect on HFSC differentiation to hair lineage. Androgens downregulated BMP2 and BMP4 in DPC spheroids. Addition of BMP2 restored alkaline phosphatase activity, marker of hair-inductivity in DPC, and DPC-induced HFSC differentiation, both inhibited by androgens. Concomitantly, in differentiating HFSC, an upregulation of BMPRIa and BMPRII receptors and nuclear β-catenin accumulation, indicative of Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation, were detected. Our results present BMP2 as an androgen-downregulated paracrine factor that contributes to DPC inductivity and favors DPC-induced HFSC differentiation to hair lineage, possibly through a crosstalk with Wnt/β-catenin pathway. A comprehensive understanding of androgen-deregulated DPC factors and their effects on differentiating HFSC would help to improve treatments for AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta María Ceruti
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein - (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas CONICET- Fundación Pablo Cassará), Saladillo 2468, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, C1440FFX, Argentina
| | - Florencia Maia Oppenheimer
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein - (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas CONICET- Fundación Pablo Cassará), Saladillo 2468, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, C1440FFX, Argentina
| | - Gustavo José Leirós
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein - (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas CONICET- Fundación Pablo Cassará), Saladillo 2468, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, C1440FFX, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Balañá
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein - (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas CONICET- Fundación Pablo Cassará), Saladillo 2468, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, C1440FFX, Argentina.
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Chen Y, Huang J, Liu Z, Chen R, Fu D, Yang L, Wang J, Du L, Wen L, Miao Y, Hu Z. miR-140-5p in Small Extracellular Vesicles From Human Papilla Cells Stimulates Hair Growth by Promoting Proliferation of Outer Root Sheath and Hair Matrix Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:593638. [PMID: 33425897 PMCID: PMC7793747 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.593638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of dermal papilla cells to hair follicle (HF) regeneration has attracted a great deal of attention. However, cultured dermal papilla cells (DPCs) tend to lose their capacity to induce hair growth during passage, restricting their usefulness. Accumulating evidence indicates that DPCs regulate HF growth mainly through their unique paracrine properties, raising the possibility of therapies based on extracellular vesicles (EVs). In this study, we explored the effects of EVs from high- and low-passage human scalp follicle dermal papilla cells (DP-EVs) on activation of hair growth, and investigated the underlying mechanism. DP-EVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation and cultured with human scalp follicles, hair matrix cells (MxCs), and outer root sheath cells (ORSCs), and we found low-passage DP-EVs accelerated HF elongation and cell proliferation activation. High-throughput miRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis identified 100 miRNAs that were differentially expressed between low- (P3) and high- (P8) passage DP-EVs. GO and KEGG pathway analysis of 1803 overlapping target genes revealed significant enrichment in the BMP/TGF-β signaling pathways. BMP2 was identified as a hub of the overlapping genes. miR-140-5p, which was highly enriched in low-passage DP-EVs, was identified as a potential regulator of BMP2. Direct repression of BMP2 by miR-140-5p was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Moreover, overexpression and inhibition of miR-140-5p in DP-EVs suppressed and increased expression of BMP signaling components, respectively, indicating that this miRNA plays a critical role in hair growth and cell proliferation. DP-EVs transport miR-140-5p from DPCs to epithelial cells, where it downregulates BMP2. Therefore, DPC-derived vesicular miR-140-5p represents a therapeutic target for alopecia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Chen
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junfei Huang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruosi Chen
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danlan Fu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lunan Yang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Du
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihong Wen
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Miao
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqi Hu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Jin GR, Zhang YL, Yap J, Boisvert WA, Lee BH. Hair growth potential of Salvia plebeia extract and its associated mechanisms. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:400-409. [PMID: 32420784 PMCID: PMC7301722 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1759654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Context: Although Salvia plebeia (SP) R. Brown (Labiatae) is known to possess various biological activities, the effects of SP on hair growth have not been elucidated.Objective: To investigate the hair growth potential of SP extract by using human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) and C57BL/6 mice.Materials and methods: The entire SP plant sample was ground into powder and extracted with 99.9% methyl alcohol. Various concentrations of SP extract were added to hDPCs to evaluate the proliferation, migration, and factors related to hair growth and cycling. Effect of topical SP administration on hair regrowth was tested in vivo in male C57BL/6 mice for 21 days.Results: SP extract significantly increased the proliferation of cultured hDPCs at doses of 15.6 and 31.3 μg/mL compared to control group by 123% and 132%, respectively. Expression of hepatocyte growth factor increased while the level of TGF-β1 and SMAD2/3 decreased when treated with SP extract. At the molecular level, the extract activated Wnt/β-catenin signalling by raising β-catenin and phospho-GSK3β expression. SP extract also exerted anti-apoptotic and proliferative effects in hDPCs by increasing the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and activating cell proliferation-related proteins, ERK and Akt. Finally, the extract caused an induction of the anagen phase leading to significantly enhanced hair growth in treated male mice.Discussion and conclusion: Our results indicate that SP extract has the capacity to activate hDPCs into a proliferative state to promote hair growth. Further research is necessary to determine the bioactive components and their mechanisms of action responsible for SP-related hair growth effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Ri Jin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Biotechnology and Natural Resources, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - Yi-Lin Zhang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Biotechnology and Natural Resources, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - Jonathan Yap
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - William A. Boisvert
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Bog-Hieu Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Biotechnology and Natural Resources, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi, Korea
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Li Z, Zhang J, Li M, Tang L, Liu H. Concentrated nanofat: a modified fat extraction promotes hair growth in mice via the stem cells and extracellular matrix components interaction. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1184. [PMID: 33241033 PMCID: PMC7576054 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-6086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Fat graft transplantation seems a promising cell therapy for hair loss. However, impurities in lipoaspirate weaken the treatment effect. Here, we developed the lipoaspirate extraction method then investigate the effect and mechanism on hair growth-promoting in a mouse model. Methods Fat graft was prepared into concentrated nanofat (CNF), decellularized CNF (DCNF), and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). They were injected subcutaneously in the back of depilated mice to test the hair promoting effect. Conditioned media (CM) from the adipose extracts were applied to dermal papilla cells (DPCs) to evaluate the cell viability and the anagen related signal. Results CNF and a high dose of ADSCs promoted hair growth and induced telogen-to-anagen transition in depilated mice. DCNF and a low dose of ADSCs did not show such effect; however, hair growth was promoted when they were used in combination. In vitro study showed the CNF-CM treated DPCs exhibited increased proliferation, migration, cell cycle progression, and elevated Wnt/β-catenin pathway protein levels compared with the other treatment groups. Conclusions CNF has a better effect than ADSCs in hair promotion via activating the DPCs and anagen induction. In this nature complex of stem cells (SCs) and extracellular matrix (ECM), ECM serves a significant supplementary role and amplifies the power of ADSCs. These results supply a theoretical basis on the clinical application of CNF to treat hair loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Innovative Technology Research Institute of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinrong Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Innovative Technology Research Institute of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingzhi Tang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Advanced Medical Therapies in the Management of Non-Scarring Alopecia: Areata and Androgenic Alopecia. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218390. [PMID: 33182308 PMCID: PMC7664905 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Alopecia is a challenging condition for both physicians and patients. Several topical, intralesional, oral, and surgical treatments have been developed in recent decades, but some of those therapies only provide partial improvement. Advanced medical therapies are medical products based on genes, cells, and/or tissue engineering products that have properties in regenerating, repairing, or replacing human tissue. In recent years, numerous applications have been described for advanced medical therapies. With this background, those therapies may have a role in the treatment of various types of alopecia such as alopecia areata and androgenic alopecia. The aim of this review is to provide dermatologists an overview of the different advanced medical therapies that have been applied in the treatment of alopecia, by reviewing clinical and basic research studies as well as ongoing clinical trials.
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EZH2-mediated inhibition of microRNA-22 promotes differentiation of hair follicle stem cells by elevating STK40 expression. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:12726-12739. [PMID: 32657761 PMCID: PMC7377840 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) contribute to the regeneration of hair follicles (HFs), thus accelerating hair growth. microRNAs (miRs) are potential regulators in various cellular processes, including HFSC proliferation and differentiation. This study proposed a potential target, enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) for facilitating hair growth, due to its function over HFSC activities by mediating the miR-22/serine/threonine kinase 40 (STK40)/myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2)/alkaline phosphatase (ALP) axis. Gain- and loss-of-function approaches were adopted to explore the roles of EZH2, miR-22, and STK40 in the proliferation and apoptosis of HFSCs, along with the functional relevance of MEF2-ALP activity. STK40 was elevated during HFSC differentiation, which was found to facilitate HFSC proliferation, but impede their apoptosis by activating MEF2-ALP. Mechanically, miR-22 targeted and inversely regulated STK40, which inhibited MEF2-ALP activity to impede HFSC proliferation and differentiation. Moreover, EZH2 elevated the STK40 expression by repressing miR-22 to promote the proliferation and differentiation of HFSCs. Furthermore, in vivo experiments further validated the roles of EZH2 and STK40 on hair follicle neogenesis and hair growth. Collectively, EZH2 elevated the STK40 expression by downregulating miR-22, consequently accelerating differentiation of HFSCs and hair growth, which sheds light on the underlying molecular mechanism responsible for hair growth.
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Crosstalk between androgen and Wnt/β-catenin leads to changes of wool density in FGF5-knockout sheep. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:407. [PMID: 32472005 PMCID: PMC7260202 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2622-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 5 (FGF5) is a famous dominant inhibitor of anagen phase of hair cycle. Mutations of FGF5 gene result in a longer wool in mice, donkeys, dogs, cats, and even in human eyelashes. Sheep is an important source of wool production. How to improve the production of wool quickly and effectively is an urgent problem to be solved. In this study, we generated five FGF5-knockout Dorper sheep by the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The expression level of FGF5 mRNA in knockout (KO) sheep decreased significantly, and all FGF5 proteins were dysfunctional. The KO sheep displayed a significant increase in fine-wool and active hair-follicle density. The crosstalk between androgen and Wnt/β-catenin signaling downstream of FGF5 gene plays a key role. We established downstream signaling cascades for the first time, including FGF5, FGFR1, androgen, AR, Wnt/β-catenin, Shh/Gli2, c-MYC, and KRTs. These findings further improved the function of FGF5 gene, and provided therapeutic ideas for androgen alopecia.
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50
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Oh HA, Kwak J, Kim BJ, Jin HJ, Park WS, Choi SJ, Oh W, Um S. Migration Inhibitory Factor in Conditioned Medium from Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Stimulates Hair Growth. Cells 2020; 9:E1344. [PMID: 32481584 PMCID: PMC7349163 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional therapeutic applications of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) focus on cell replacement and differentiation; however, increasing evidence suggests that most of their therapeutic effects are carried out by their various secretions. This study investigated the application of conditioned medium (CM) from human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) to improve hair growth and developed a method to reliably produce this optimized CM. Primed MSC-derived CM (P-CM) with combinations of TGF-β1 and LiCl was optimized by comparing its effects on the cell viability of dermal papilla cells (DPCs). P-CM significantly increased the viability of DPCs compared to CM. The secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in DPCs was regulated by the macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in the P-CM secreted by MSCs. These findings suggest that P-CM can improve the efficacy in hair growth via a paracrine mechanism and that MIF in P-CM exerts hair growth-promoting effects via a VEGF-related β-catenin and p-GSK-3β [SER9] signaling pathway. Furthermore, clinical trials have shown that 5% P-CM improved androgenetic alopecia through producing an increased hair density, thickness, and growth rate, suggesting that this topical agent may be a novel and effective treatment option for patients with androgenetic alopecia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ah Oh
- Biomedical Research Institute, MEDIPOST Co., Ltd., Seongnam 13494, Korea; (H.A.O.); (J.K.); (H.J.J.); (S.J.C.); (W.O.)
| | - Jihye Kwak
- Biomedical Research Institute, MEDIPOST Co., Ltd., Seongnam 13494, Korea; (H.A.O.); (J.K.); (H.J.J.); (S.J.C.); (W.O.)
| | - Beom Joon Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea;
| | - Hye Jin Jin
- Biomedical Research Institute, MEDIPOST Co., Ltd., Seongnam 13494, Korea; (H.A.O.); (J.K.); (H.J.J.); (S.J.C.); (W.O.)
| | - Won Seok Park
- Aesthetic Research Team, Amore Pacific Corporation Research and Development Center, Yongin 17074, Korea;
| | - Soo Jin Choi
- Biomedical Research Institute, MEDIPOST Co., Ltd., Seongnam 13494, Korea; (H.A.O.); (J.K.); (H.J.J.); (S.J.C.); (W.O.)
| | - Wonil Oh
- Biomedical Research Institute, MEDIPOST Co., Ltd., Seongnam 13494, Korea; (H.A.O.); (J.K.); (H.J.J.); (S.J.C.); (W.O.)
| | - Soyoun Um
- Biomedical Research Institute, MEDIPOST Co., Ltd., Seongnam 13494, Korea; (H.A.O.); (J.K.); (H.J.J.); (S.J.C.); (W.O.)
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