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Radocchia G, Brunetti F, Marazzato M, Totino V, Neroni B, Bonfiglio G, Conte AL, Pantanella F, Ciolli P, Schippa S. Women Skin Microbiota Modifications during Pregnancy. Microorganisms 2024; 12:808. [PMID: 38674752 PMCID: PMC11051999 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Several studies have shown fluctuations in the maternal microbiota at various body sites (gut, oral cavity, and vagina). The skin microbiota plays an important role in our health, but studies on the changes during pregnancy are limited. Quantitative and qualitative variations in the skin microbiota in pregnant woman could indeed play important roles in modifying the immune and inflammatory responses of the host. These alterations could induce inflammatory disorders affecting the individual's dermal properties, and could potentially predict infant skin disorder in the unborn. The present study aimed to characterize skin microbiota modifications during pregnancy. For this purpose, skin samples were collected from 52 pregnant women in the first, second, and third trimester of non-complicated pregnancies and from 17 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. The skin microbiota composition was assessed by next generation sequencing (NGS) of the V3-V4 region of the bacterial rRNA 16S. Our results indicate that from the first to the third trimester of pregnancy, changes occur in the composition of the skin microbiota, microbial interactions, and various metabolic pathways. These changes could play a role in creating more advantageous conditions for fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Radocchia
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (B.N.); (G.B.); (A.L.C.); (F.P.); (S.S.)
| | - Francesca Brunetti
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (B.N.); (G.B.); (A.L.C.); (F.P.); (S.S.)
| | - Massimiliano Marazzato
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (B.N.); (G.B.); (A.L.C.); (F.P.); (S.S.)
| | - Valentina Totino
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (B.N.); (G.B.); (A.L.C.); (F.P.); (S.S.)
- Policlinico Luigi Di Liegro, 00148 Rome, Italy
| | - Bruna Neroni
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (B.N.); (G.B.); (A.L.C.); (F.P.); (S.S.)
- Diagnostic Medicine and Radiology, UOC Clinical Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Bonfiglio
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (B.N.); (G.B.); (A.L.C.); (F.P.); (S.S.)
- Diagnostic Medicine and Radiology, UOC Clinical Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonietta Lucia Conte
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (B.N.); (G.B.); (A.L.C.); (F.P.); (S.S.)
| | - Fabrizio Pantanella
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (B.N.); (G.B.); (A.L.C.); (F.P.); (S.S.)
| | - Paola Ciolli
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Serena Schippa
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (B.N.); (G.B.); (A.L.C.); (F.P.); (S.S.)
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Belfrage E, Ek S, Johansson Å, Brauner H, Sonesson A, Drott K. Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers in Patients With Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary Syndrome (BIO-MUSE): Protocol for a Translational Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e55723. [PMID: 38436589 PMCID: PMC11027051 DOI: 10.2196/55723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a rare group of lymphomas that primarily affects the skin. Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common form of CTCL and Sézary syndrome (SS) is more infrequent. Early stages (IA-IIA) have a favorable prognosis, while advanced stages (IIB-IVB) have a worse prognosis. Around 25% of patients with early stages of the disease will progress to advanced stages. Malignant skin-infiltrating T-cells in CTCL are accompanied by infiltrates of nonmalignant T-cells and other immune cells that produce cytokines that modulate the inflammation. Skin infection, often with Staphylococcus aureus, is frequent in advanced stages and can lead to sepsis and death. S. aureus has also been reported to contribute to the progression of the disease. Previous reports indicate a shift from Th1 to Th2 cytokine production and dysfunction of the skin barrier in CTCL. Treatment response is highly variable and often unpredictable, and there is a need for new predictive and prognostic biomarkers. OBJECTIVE This prospective translational study aims to identify prognostic biomarkers in the blood and skin of patients with MF and SS. METHODS The Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers in Patients With MF and SS (BIO-MUSE) study aims to recruit 120 adult patients with MF or SS and a control group of 20 healthy volunteers. The treatments will be given according to clinical routine. The sampling of each patient will be performed every 3 months for 3 years. The blood samples will be analyzed for lactate dehydrogenase, immunoglobulin E, interleukins, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine, and lymphocyte subpopulations. The lymphoma microenvironment will be investigated through digital spatial profiling and single-cell RNA sequencing. Microbiological sampling and analysis of skin barrier function will be performed. The life quality parameters will be evaluated. The results will be evaluated by the stage of the disease. RESULTS Patient inclusion started in 2021 and is still ongoing in 2023, with 18 patients and 20 healthy controls enrolled. The publication of selected translational findings before the publication of the main results of the trial is accepted. CONCLUSIONS This study aims to investigate blood and skin with a focus on immune cells and the microbiological environment to identify potential new prognostic biomarkers in MF and SS. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04904146; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04904146. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/55723.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Belfrage
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sara Ek
- Department of Immunotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Åsa Johansson
- Clinical Genetics and Pathology, Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hanna Brauner
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreas Sonesson
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kristina Drott
- Department of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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Pedretti N, Iseppi R, Condò C, Spaggiari L, Messi P, Pericolini E, Di Cerbo A, Ardizzoni A, Sabia C. Cell-Free Supernatant from a Strain of Bacillus siamensis Isolated from the Skin Showed a Broad Spectrum of Antimicrobial Activity. Microorganisms 2024; 12:718. [PMID: 38674662 PMCID: PMC11052359 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the search for new compounds with antibacterial activity has drastically increased due to the spread of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. In this study, we analyzed Cell-Free Supernatant (CFS) from Bacillus siamensis, assessing its potential antimicrobial activity against some of the main pathogenic microorganisms of human interest. To achieve this goal, we exploited the natural antagonism of skin-colonizing bacteria and their ability to produce compounds with antimicrobial activity. Biochemical and molecular methods were used to identify 247 strains isolated from the skin. Among these, we found that CFS from a strain of Bacillus siamensis (that we named CPAY1) showed significant antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Candida spp. In this study, we gathered information on CFS's antimicrobial activity and on its sensitivity to chemical-physical parameters. Time-kill studies were performed; anti-biofilm activity, antibiotic resistance, and plasmid presence were also investigated. The antimicrobial compounds included in the CFS showed resistance to the proteolytic enzymes and were heat stable. The production of antimicrobial compounds started after 4 h of culture (20 AU/mL). CPAY1 CFS showed antimicrobial activity after 7 h of bacteria co-culture. The anti-biofilm activity of the CPAY1 CFS against all the tested strains was also remarkable. B. siamensis CPAY1 did not reveal the presence of a plasmid and showed susceptibility to all the antibiotics tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Pedretti
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncological and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (N.P.); (E.P.); (A.A.)
| | - Ramona Iseppi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.I.); (C.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Carla Condò
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.I.); (C.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Luca Spaggiari
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Patrizia Messi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.I.); (C.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Eva Pericolini
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncological and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (N.P.); (E.P.); (A.A.)
| | - Alessandro Di Cerbo
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy
| | - Andrea Ardizzoni
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncological and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (N.P.); (E.P.); (A.A.)
| | - Carla Sabia
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.I.); (C.C.); (P.M.)
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Martinez R, Mayur O, Pagani K, Lukac D, McGee JS. Topical tretinoin alters skin microbiota in patients with mild acne. JAAD Int 2024; 14:1-3. [PMID: 38035128 PMCID: PMC10682647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdin.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Martinez
- Department of Dermatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Omkar Mayur
- Department of Dermatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kyla Pagani
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Danitza Lukac
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts
| | - Jean S. McGee
- Department of Dermatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Storz L, Schmid B, Bosshard PP, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Brüggen MC, Lang C. Decreased skin colonization with Malassezia spp. and increased skin colonization with Candida spp. in patients with severe atopic dermatitis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1353784. [PMID: 38444416 PMCID: PMC10912638 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1353784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease in which patients are sensitized towards a plethora of allergens. The hosts fungal microbiota, the mycobiota, that is believed to be altered in patients suffering from AD acts as such an allergen. The correlation context of specific sensitization, changes in mycobiota and its impact on disease severity however remains poorly understood. Objectives We aim to enhance the understanding of the specific sensitization towards the mycobiota in AD patients in relation to their fungal skin colonization. Methods Sensitization pattern towards the Malassezia spp. and Candida albicans of 16 AD patients and 14 healthy controls (HC) were analyzed with the newly developed multiplex-assay ALEX2® and the established singleplex-assay ImmunoCAP®. We compared these findings with the fungal skin colonization analyzed by DNA sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region 1 (ITS1). Results Sensitization in general and towards Malassezia spp. and C. albicans is increased in AD patients compared to HC with a quantitative difference in severe AD when compared to mild to moderate AD. Further we saw an association between sensitization towards and skin colonization with Candida spp. yet a negative correlation between sensitization towards and skin colonization with Malassezia spp. Conclusion We conclude that AD in general and severe AD in particular is associated with increased sensitization towards the hosts own mycobiota. There is positive correlation in Candida spp. skin colonization and negative in Malassezia spp. skin colonization when compared to AD, AD severity as well as to specific sensitization patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Storz
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bettina Schmid
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Peter Bosshard
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Schmid-Grendelmeier
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Medical Campus Davos, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Charlotte Brüggen
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Medical Campus Davos, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Lang
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Zhang XE, Zheng P, Ye SZ, Ma X, Liu E, Pang YB, He QY, Zhang YX, Li WQ, Zeng JH, Guo J. Microbiome: Role in Inflammatory Skin Diseases. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:1057-1082. [PMID: 38375021 PMCID: PMC10876011 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s441100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
As the body's largest organ, the skin harbors a highly diverse microbiota, playing a crucial role in resisting foreign pathogens, nurturing the immune system, and metabolizing natural products. The dysregulation of human skin microbiota is implicated in immune dysregulation and inflammatory responses. This review delineates the microbial alterations and immune dysregulation features in common Inflammatory Skin Diseases (ISDs) such as psoriasis, rosacea, atopic dermatitis(AD), seborrheic dermatitis(SD), diaper dermatitis(DD), and Malassezia folliculitis(MF).The skin microbiota, a complex and evolving community, undergoes changes in composition and function that can compromise the skin microbial barrier. These alterations induce water loss and abnormal lipid metabolism, contributing to the onset of ISDs. Additionally, microorganisms release toxins, like Staphylococcus aureus secreted α toxins and proteases, which may dissolve the stratum corneum, impairing skin barrier function and allowing entry into the bloodstream. Microbes entering the bloodstream activate molecular signals, leading to immune disorders and subsequent skin inflammatory responses. For instance, Malassezia stimulates dendritic cells(DCs) to release IL-12 and IL-23, differentiating into a Th17 cell population and producing proinflammatory mediators such as IL-17, IL-22, TNF-α, and IFN-α.This review offers new insights into the role of the human skin microbiota in ISDs, paving the way for future skin microbiome-specific targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Er Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 6610075, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pai Zheng
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 6610075, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Zhen Ye
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 6610075, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 6610072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People’s Republic of China
| | - E Liu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 6610075, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao-Bin Pang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 6610075, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing-Ying He
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 6610075, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Xiao Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 6610075, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Quan Li
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 6610075, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin-Hao Zeng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 6610072, People’s Republic of China
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Cha J, Kim TG, Bhae E, Gwak HJ, Ju Y, Choe YH, Jang IH, Jung Y, Moon S, Kim T, Lee W, Park JS, Chung YW, Yang S, Kang YK, Hyun YM, Hwang GS, Lee WJ, Rho M, Ryu JH. Skin microbe-dependent TSLP-ILC2 priming axis in early life is co-opted in allergic inflammation. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:244-260.e11. [PMID: 38198924 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Although early life colonization of commensal microbes contributes to long-lasting immune imprinting in host tissues, little is known regarding the pathophysiological consequences of postnatal microbial tuning of cutaneous immunity. Here, we show that postnatal exposure to specific skin commensal Staphylococcus lentus (S. lentus) promotes the extent of atopic dermatitis (AD)-like inflammation in adults through priming of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). Early postnatal skin is dynamically populated by discrete subset of primed ILC2s driven by microbiota-dependent induction of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in keratinocytes. Specifically, the indole-3-aldehyde-producing tryptophan metabolic pathway, shared across Staphylococcus species, is involved in TSLP-mediated ILC2 priming. Furthermore, we demonstrate a critical contribution of the early postnatal S. lentus-TSLP-ILC2 priming axis in facilitating AD-like inflammation that is not replicated by later microbial exposure. Thus, our findings highlight the fundamental role of time-dependent neonatal microbial-skin crosstalk in shaping the threshold of innate type 2 immunity co-opted in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Cha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Tae-Gyun Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Euihyun Bhae
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Ho-Jin Gwak
- Department of Computer Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Yeajin Ju
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Korea
| | - Young Ho Choe
- Department of Anatomy and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - In-Hwan Jang
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Hologenomics and School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Youngae Jung
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Korea
| | - Sungmin Moon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Taehyun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Wuseong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jung Sun Park
- Development and Differentiation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Youn Wook Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Siyoung Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Yong-Kook Kang
- Development and Differentiation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Young-Min Hyun
- Department of Anatomy and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Korea; College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Won-Jae Lee
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Hologenomics and School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Mina Rho
- Department of Computer Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Ji-Hwan Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea.
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Cavallo I, Sivori F, Mastrofrancesco A, Abril E, Pontone M, Di Domenico EG, Pimpinelli F. Bacterial Biofilm in Chronic Wounds and Possible Therapeutic Approaches. Biology (Basel) 2024; 13:109. [PMID: 38392327 PMCID: PMC10886835 DOI: 10.3390/biology13020109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Wound repair and skin regeneration is a very complex orchestrated process that is generally composed of four phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Each phase involves the activation of different cells and the production of various cytokines, chemokines, and other inflammatory mediators affecting the immune response. The microbial skin composition plays an important role in wound healing. Indeed, skin commensals are essential in the maintenance of the epidermal barrier function, regulation of the host immune response, and protection from invading pathogenic microorganisms. Chronic wounds are common and are considered a major public health problem due to their difficult-to-treat features and their frequent association with challenging chronic infections. These infections can be very tough to manage due to the ability of some bacteria to produce multicellular structures encapsulated into a matrix called biofilms. The bacterial species contained in the biofilm are often different, as is their capability to influence the healing of chronic wounds. Biofilms are, in fact, often tolerant and resistant to antibiotics and antiseptics, leading to the failure of treatment. For these reasons, biofilms impede appropriate treatment and, consequently, prolong the wound healing period. Hence, there is an urgent necessity to deepen the knowledge of the pathophysiology of delayed wound healing and to develop more effective therapeutic approaches able to restore tissue damage. This work covers the wound-healing process and the pathogenesis of chronic wounds infected by biofilm-forming pathogens. An overview of the strategies to counteract biofilm formation or to destroy existing biofilms is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Cavallo
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCSS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Sivori
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCSS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Mastrofrancesco
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCSS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Elva Abril
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCSS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Pontone
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCSS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Enea Gino Di Domenico
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Fulvia Pimpinelli
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCSS, 00144 Rome, Italy
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To TT, Oparaugo NC, Kheshvadjian AR, Nelson AM, Agak GW. Understanding Type 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells and Crosstalk with the Microbiota: A Skin Connection. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2021. [PMID: 38396697 PMCID: PMC10888374 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a diverse population of lymphocytes classified into natural killer (NK) cells, ILC1s, ILC2s, ILC3s, and ILCregs, broadly following the cytokine secretion and transcription factor profiles of classical T cell subsets. Nonetheless, the ILC lineage does not have rearranged antigen-specific receptors and possesses distinct characteristics. ILCs are found in barrier tissues such as the skin, lungs, and intestines, where they play a role between acquired immune cells and myeloid cells. Within the skin, ILCs are activated by the microbiota and, in turn, may influence the microbiome composition and modulate immune function through cytokine secretion or direct cellular interactions. In particular, ILC3s provide epithelial protection against extracellular bacteria. However, the mechanism by which these cells modulate skin health and homeostasis in response to microbiome changes is unclear. To better understand how ILC3s function against microbiota perturbations in the skin, we propose a role for these cells in response to Cutibacterium acnes, a predominant commensal bacterium linked to the inflammatory skin condition, acne vulgaris. In this article, we review current evidence describing the role of ILC3s in the skin and suggest functional roles by drawing parallels with ILC3s from other organs. We emphasize the limited understanding and knowledge gaps of ILC3s in the skin and discuss the potential impact of ILC3-microbiota crosstalk in select skin diseases. Exploring the dialogue between the microbiota and ILC3s may lead to novel strategies to ameliorate skin immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao Tam To
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Nicole Chizara Oparaugo
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alexander R. Kheshvadjian
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Amanda M. Nelson
- Department of Dermatology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - George W. Agak
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Kim KM, Song JW, Lee CW, Kim DS, Sohn J, Lee S. Skin Barrier-Enhancing Effects of Dermabiotics HDB with Regulation of Skin Microbiota. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:65-73. [PMID: 37915264 PMCID: PMC10840481 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2306.06042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
In the regulation of inflammatory responses and skin homeostasis, the skin and its microbiota are closely related. Studies have reported that lactic acid bacteria extracts can improve the skin condition and microbiota. In our previous study, we developed probiotic lysates, which are efficacious in improvement of human skin cells and the skin barrier. The skin-moisturizing effect of Dermabiotics HDB (HDB) prepared with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, and the correlation between changes in the skin microbiota and moisture contents, were evaluated and analyzed in clinical trials. The clinical parameters on the cheeks of 21 female participants were measured using biophysical tools before and after (2 weeks) using HDB or control. The skin microbes were collected and identified using 16s rRNA gene sequencing. HDB significantly improved moisture intensity, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and hot flush level on the cheek. The beta-diversity of the skin microbiota was different from that of the control in the unweighted UniFrac principal coordinate analysis after using HDB. The genus Lawsonella demonstrated a positive correlation with TEWL and a negative correlation with the moisture contents of the keratin layer, regardless of the use of HDB and control. Conversely, after HDB use, the genus Staphylococcus was increased and associated with a lower hot flush level, while the genera of the phylum Proteobacteria tended to decrease, which is associated with an improved skin condition. Overall, HDB showed clinically proven effects, including skin moisturization with regulation of the skin microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Min Kim
- Biohealthcare R&D Center, HYUNDAI BIOLAND Co., Ltd., Ansan 15407, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Won Song
- Biohealthcare R&D Center, HYUNDAI BIOLAND Co., Ltd., Ansan 15407, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Wan Lee
- Biohealthcare R&D Center, HYUNDAI BIOLAND Co., Ltd., Ansan 15407, Republic of Korea
| | - Du-Seong Kim
- Biohealthcare R&D Center, HYUNDAI BIOLAND Co., Ltd., Ansan 15407, Republic of Korea
| | - Johann Sohn
- Biohealthcare R&D Center, HYUNDAI BIOLAND Co., Ltd., Ansan 15407, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghun Lee
- Biohealthcare R&D Center, HYUNDAI BIOLAND Co., Ltd., Ansan 15407, Republic of Korea
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Pardo A, Villasante A, Romero J. Skin Microbial Community Associated to Strawberry Disease in Farmed Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792). Microorganisms 2024; 12:217. [PMID: 38276202 PMCID: PMC10818565 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Aquaculture plays a crucial role in addressing the growing global demand for food. However, diseases associated with intensive aquaculture practices, especially those affecting the skin, can present significant challenges to both fish health and the industry as a whole. Strawberry disease (SD), also known as red-mark syndrome, is a persistent and non-lethal skin condition observed in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the United States and various European countries. SD is a nonlethal skin condition of an unclear etiology that affects rainbow trout reared in freshwater close to the harvest period. We used a RNA-based approach to examine active microbiota in the SD skin lesions and compared to non-injured skin. Our results, based on using 16S rRNA gene next-generation sequencing, showed that the skin microbiota was dominated by the phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria. The comparisons of the skin microbiota between injured and non-injured samples showed differences in the alpha diversity (Fisher index) and beta diversity metrics (ANOSIM). At the genus level, both Pseudomonas and Candidatus Midichloria were highlighted as the most abundant taxa detected in samples obtained from fish affected with strawberry diseases. In contrast, the most abundant taxa in non-injured skin were Escherichia-Shigella, Streptococcus, and Pseudoalteromonas. In conclusion, our study on SD revealed distinct differences in the microbiota composition between skin lesions and non-injured skin. This is the first description of microbiota associated with SD-injured skin samples using an RNA approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alda Pardo
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, El Líbano 5524, Santiago 7830489, Chile; (A.P.); (A.V.)
- Cooperative Program for Aquaculture (Ph.D.), Universidad de Chile, Universidad Católica del Norte, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340025, Chile
| | - Alejandro Villasante
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, El Líbano 5524, Santiago 7830489, Chile; (A.P.); (A.V.)
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronomía, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago 7500000, Chile
| | - Jaime Romero
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, El Líbano 5524, Santiago 7830489, Chile; (A.P.); (A.V.)
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12
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Galvan A, Pellicciari C, Calderan L. Recreating Human Skin In Vitro: Should the Microbiota Be Taken into Account? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1165. [PMID: 38256238 PMCID: PMC10816982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin plays crucial roles in the human body: besides protecting the organism from external threats, it acts as a thermal regulator, is responsible for the sense of touch, hosts microbial communities (the skin microbiota) involved in preventing the invasion of foreign pathogens, contains immunocompetent cells that maintain a healthy immunogenic/tolerogenic balance, and is a suitable route for drug administration. In the skin, four defense levels can be identified: besides the physical, chemical, and immune barriers that are inherent to the tissue, the skin microbiota (i.e., the numerous microorganisms living on the skin surface) provides an additional barrier. Studying the skin barrier function or the effects of drugs or cosmetic agents on human skin is a difficult task since snapshot evidence can only be obtained using bioptic samples where dynamic processes cannot properly be followed. To overcome these limitations, many different in vitro models of human skin have been developed that are characterized by diverse levels of complexity in terms of chemical, structural, and cellular composition. The aim of this review is to summarize and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the different human skin models so far available and to underline how the insertion of a proper microbiota would positively impact an in vitro human skin model in an attempt to better mimic conditions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Galvan
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Carlo Pellicciari
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via A. Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Calderan
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.G.); (L.C.)
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Sánchez-Pellicer P, Eguren-Michelena C, García-Gavín J, Llamas-Velasco M, Navarro-Moratalla L, Núñez-Delegido E, Agüera-Santos J, Navarro-López V. Rosacea, microbiome and probiotics: the gut-skin axis. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1323644. [PMID: 38260914 PMCID: PMC10800857 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1323644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Rosacea is an inflammatory skin disease involving diverse symptoms with a variable clinical progress which can severely impact the patient's quality of life as well as their mental health. The pathophysiological model of rosacea involves an unbalanced immune system predisposed to excessive inflammation, in addition to vascular and nervous alterations, being certain cutaneous microorganisms' triggers of the symptoms onset. The gut-skin axis explains a bidirectional interaction between skin and gut microbiota in some inflammatory skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, or rosacea. The introduction and consolidation of the next-generation sequencing in recent years has provided unprecedented information about the microbiome. However, the characterization of the gut and skin microbiota and the impact of the gut-skin axis in patients with rosacea has been little explored, in contrast to other inflammatory skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis or psoriasis. Furthermore, the clinical evolution of patients with rosacea is not always adequate and it is common for them to present a sustained symptomatology with frequent flare-ups. In this context, probiotic supplementation could improve the clinical evolution of these patients as happens in other pathologies. Through this review we aim to establish and compile the basics and directions of current knowledge to understand the mechanisms by which the microbiome influences the pathogenesis of rosacea, and how modulation of the skin and gut microbiota could benefit these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Sánchez-Pellicer
- MiBioPath Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, Spain
| | | | | | - Mar Llamas-Velasco
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Navarro-Moratalla
- MiBioPath Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, Spain
| | - Eva Núñez-Delegido
- MiBioPath Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, Spain
| | - Juan Agüera-Santos
- MiBioPath Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, Spain
| | - Vicente Navarro-López
- MiBioPath Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, Spain
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Vinalopó-Fisabio, Elche, Spain
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Glatthardt T, Lima RD, de Mattos RM, Ferreira RBR. Microbe Interactions within the Skin Microbiome. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:49. [PMID: 38247608 PMCID: PMC10812674 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The skin is the largest human organ and is responsible for many important functions, such as temperature regulation, water transport, and protection from external insults. It is colonized by several microorganisms that interact with each other and with the host, shaping the microbial structure and community dynamics. Through these interactions, the skin microbiota can inhibit pathogens through several mechanisms such as the production of bacteriocins, proteases, phenol soluble modulins (PSMs), and fermentation. Furthermore, these commensals can produce molecules with antivirulence activity, reducing the potential of these pathogens to adhere to and invade human tissues. Microorganisms of the skin microbiota are also able to sense molecules from the environment and shape their behavior in response to these signals through the modulation of gene expression. Additionally, microbiota-derived compounds can affect pathogen gene expression, including the expression of virulence determinants. Although most studies related to microbial interactions in the skin have been directed towards elucidating competition mechanisms, microorganisms can also use the products of other species to their benefit. In this review, we will discuss several mechanisms through which microorganisms interact in the skin and the biotechnological applications of products originating from the skin microbiota that have already been reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Glatthardt
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (T.G.); (R.D.L.); (R.M.d.M.)
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Health Research Innovation Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Rayssa Durães Lima
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (T.G.); (R.D.L.); (R.M.d.M.)
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Raquel Monteiro de Mattos
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (T.G.); (R.D.L.); (R.M.d.M.)
| | - Rosana Barreto Rocha Ferreira
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (T.G.); (R.D.L.); (R.M.d.M.)
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
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Dong XY, Zhu RX, Lei YL, Tao RY, Li CT. Traceability of Geographic Origin Using Human Skin and Oral Microbiota. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 39:557-563. [PMID: 38228474 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.530401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the possibility of using human skin and oral microorganisms to estimate the geographic origin of an individual through the sequencing analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA gene. METHODS Microbial DNA was extracted from the palm and oral microorganisms of the Han population in Shanghai and Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, and the composition and diversity of the microbiota were analyzed by full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Then, differential species were screened and a geographic location prediction model was constructed. RESULTS The compositions of palm and oral microorganisms between Shanghai and Chifeng samples were both different. The abundance and uniformity of palm side skin microorganisms were higher in Chifeng samples than in Shanghai samples, while there was no significant difference in oral microorganisms. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) confirmed that the β-diversity between the samples from the two places were statistically significant, and the coefficients of determination (R2) for skin and oral samples were 0.129 and 0.102, respectively. Through principal co-ordinates analysis (PCoA), the samples from the two places could be preliminarily distinguished. The predictive model had the accuracies of 0.90 and 0.83 for the geographic origin using the skin and oral samples, respectively. CONCLUSIONS There are differences in the compositions of palm and oral microbiota between Han populations in Shanghai and Chifeng. The prediction model constructed by the random forest algorithm can trace the unknown individuals from the above two places.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yu Dong
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China
| | - Ru-Xin Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China
| | - Yin-Lei Lei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China
- School of Preclinical Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Rui-Yang Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China
| | - Cheng-Tao Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China
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Wei M, Knight SAB, Flowers L, Walsh J, Grice E. Complete genome sequence of the bacterium Desemzia incerta isolated from the dorsal skin of a Yucatan pig. Microbiol Resour Announc 2023; 12:e0051923. [PMID: 37921491 PMCID: PMC10720548 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00519-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We have shown previously that an isolate of Desemzia incerta from porcine skin has antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. We present here the complete D. incerta genome containing one circular chromosome and five circular plasmids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Wei
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Simon A. B. Knight
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Laurice Flowers
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jasmine Walsh
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth Grice
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Tochio T, Kawano K, Iyori K, Makida R, Kadota Y, Fujii T, Ishikawa H, Yasutake T, Watanabe A, Funasaka K, Hirooka Y, Nishifuji K. Topical erythritol combined with L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate inhibits staphylococcal growth and alleviates staphylococcal overgrowth in skin lesions of canine superficial pyoderma. Pol J Vet Sci 2023; 26:647-655. [PMID: 38088308 DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2023.148284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Erythritol (ERT) and L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate (APS) are bacteriostatic, but their effects on staphylococcal skin infections remain unknown. We aimed to determine whether ERT combined with APS inhibits the growth of staphylococci that are commonly isolated from pyoderma skin lesions in dogs. We investigated the individual and combined effects of ERT and APS on the growth of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, S. schleiferi, and S. aureus using turbidity assays in vitro. Skin lesions from 10 dogs with superficial pyoderma were topically treated with 5% ERT and 0.1% APS for 28 days, and swabbed skin samples were then analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Results showed that ERT inhibited S. pseudintermedius growth regardless of harboring the mecA gene, and APS increased the inhibitory effects of ERT against S. pseudintermedius, S. schleiferi, and S. aureus in vitro. Moreover, combined ERT and APS decreased the prevalence of staphylococci on canine skin lesions at the genus level. The combination slightly increased the α-diversity but did not affect the β-diversity of the microbiota. The qPCR results revealed that the combination significantly decreased S. pseudintermedius and S. schleiferi in skin lesions. Topical administration of EPS combined with APS can prevent staphylococcal colonization on the surface of mammalian skin. The results of this study may provide an alternative to systemic antibiotics for treating superficial pyoderma on mammalian skin surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tochio
- B Food Science Co., Ltd., 24-12, Kitahama-machi, Chita, Aichi 478-0046, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - K Kawano
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
- Tokyo Animal Allergy Center, 4-23-15, Kurihara, Adachi-ku, Tokyo 123-0842, Japan
| | - K Iyori
- Vet Derm Tokyo, Dermatological and Laboratory Service for Animals, 910 Shoubusawa, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0823, Japan
| | - R Makida
- B Food Science Co., Ltd., 24-12, Kitahama-machi, Chita, Aichi 478-0046, Japan
| | - Y Kadota
- B Food Science Co., Ltd., 24-12, Kitahama-machi, Chita, Aichi 478-0046, Japan
| | - T Fujii
- B Food Science Co., Ltd., 24-12, Kitahama-machi, Chita, Aichi 478-0046, Japan
| | - H Ishikawa
- Healthcare Systems Co., Ltd., Nagoya Aichi, 466-0058, Japan
| | - T Yasutake
- Healthcare Systems Co., Ltd., Nagoya Aichi, 466-0058, Japan
| | - A Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - K Funasaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Y Hirooka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - K Nishifuji
- Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Graduate School, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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Sun L, Wang Q, Wang H, Huang J, Yu Z. A cross-sectional cohort study on the skin microbiota in patients with different acne durations. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:2102-2111. [PMID: 37846925 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Acne is a chronic disease that often persists for years. Skin microbial communities play an essential role in the development of acne. However, limited information is available about the dynamic patterns of skin microbiota in acne. This study aimed to characterize microbial community changes in skin pores and surfaces of acne patients with varying disease time. In this study, a total of 70 skin samples from 22 subjects were collected and sequenced using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Although microbial compositions in skin pores were similar over time, significant differences in microbial structure were observed on the skin surface, with the dominance of Cutibacterium in the first 3 years and replacement by Staphylococcus in 4-6 years. Lactobacillus and Acinetobacter were more abundant in the normal group and continuingly decreased with disease time on the skin surface. Microbial networks further revealed substantial increases in microbial interactions in the 4-6 years group in both skin surfaces and pores. These results demonstrate that the skin microbiota alters with the disease duration and may provide a potential guide in redirecting skin microbiota towards healthy states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Sun
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qingqun Wang
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Fourth Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zheng Yu
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Xiong J, Chen S, Wang P, Chen A, Zheng Q, Cai T. Characterisation of the bacterial microbiome in patients with rosacea and healthy controls. Eur J Dermatol 2023; 33:612-617. [PMID: 38465541 DOI: 10.1684/ejd.2023.4619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that significantly impairs quality of life, however, its pathophysiology is still unclear. Previous studies have suspected that the bacterial -microbiome plays a causative role in the disease. To investigate whether there are differences in the abundance and diversity of facial bacterial microbiomes between rosacea patients and healthy controls. Samples of facial microorganisms from subjects were collected with sterile swabs, and the V3 and V4 regions of bacterial 16S rRNA were amplified and sequenced using the MiSeq platform of the Illumina system. A total of 44 samples qualified (including 17 in the case group and 27 in the control group), comprising 2,048 operational taxonomic units belonging to 40 phyla and 1,312 species that were clustered. The alpha diversity in patients with rosacea was higher than that in healthy controls, but this difference was not statistically significant. In addition, compared with healthy individuals, the mean relative abundance of Cutibacterium acens was significantly lower (61.79% vs 79.69%, p=0.014) and that of Staphylococcus epidermidis was higher (19.64% vs 6.48%, p=0.036) in rosacea patients. Changes in microbial abundance and diversity correlate with the pathogenesis of rosacea.
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Joglekar P, Conlan S, Lee-Lin SQ, Deming C, Kashaf SS, Kong HH, Segre JA. Integrated genomic and functional analyses of human skin-associated Staphylococcus reveal extensive inter- and intra-species diversity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2310585120. [PMID: 37956283 PMCID: PMC10666031 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310585120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Human skin is stably colonized by a distinct microbiota that functions together with epidermal cells to maintain a protective physical barrier. Staphylococcus, a prominent genus of the skin microbiota, participates in colonization resistance, tissue repair, and host immune regulation in strain-specific manners. To unlock the potential of engineering skin microbial communities, we aim to characterize the diversity of this genus within the context of the skin environment. We reanalyzed an extant 16S rRNA amplicon dataset obtained from distinct body sites of healthy volunteers, providing a detailed biogeographic depiction of staphylococcal species that colonize our skin. S. epidermidis, S. capitis, and S. hominis were the most abundant staphylococcal species present in all volunteers and were detected at all body sites. Pan-genome analysis of isolates from these three species revealed that the genus-core was dominated by central metabolism genes. Species-restricted-core genes encoded known host colonization functions. The majority (~68%) of genes were detected only in a fraction of isolate genomes, underscoring the immense strain-specific gene diversity. Conspecific genomes grouped into phylogenetic clades, exhibiting body site preference. Each clade was enriched for distinct gene sets that are potentially involved in site tropism. Finally, we conducted gene expression studies of select isolates showing variable growth phenotypes in skin-like medium. In vitro expression revealed extensive intra- and inter-species gene expression variation, substantially expanding the functional diversification within each species. Our study provides an important resource for future ecological and translational studies to examine the role of shared and strain-specific staphylococcal genes within the skin environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payal Joglekar
- Microbial Genomics Section, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Sean Conlan
- Microbial Genomics Section, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Shih-Queen Lee-Lin
- Microbial Genomics Section, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Clay Deming
- Microbial Genomics Section, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Sara Saheb Kashaf
- Microbial Genomics Section, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | | | - Heidi H. Kong
- Cutaneous Microbiome and Inflammation Section, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Julia A. Segre
- Microbial Genomics Section, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
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21
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Zhang Z, Ran H, Hua Y, Deng F, Zeng B, Chai J, Li Y. Screening and evaluation of skin potential probiotic from high-altitude Tibetans to repair ultraviolet radiation damage. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1273902. [PMID: 37928688 PMCID: PMC10620709 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1273902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human skin microbes play critical roles in skin health and diseases. Microbes colonizing on the skin of Tibetans living in the high-altitude area for generations may have a stronger ability to resist the harsh environment, such as high ultraviolet radiation (UV). Isolation of a potential probiotic from Tibetans skin is beneficial for resistance of skin disease for humans in the world. In this study, the signature microbiota for Tibetan skin were characterized compared to low-altitude humans. Next, using culture-omics, 118 species were isolated. The culturability of high-altitude of Tibetan skin microbiome reached approximate 66.8%. Next, we found that one strain, Pantoea eucrina, had the greatest ability to repair UV damage to the skin as the lowest pathological score was observed in this group. Interestingly, another animal trial found this bacterium resisted UV rather than its metabolites. Using whole genome sequencing, this strain P. eucrina KBFS172 was confirmed, and its functions were annotated. It might involve in the metabolic pathway of carotenoid biosynthesis with anti-oxidative stress properties, which plays critical roles in UV-damage repair. In conclusion, we characterized the signature microbes of skin in high-altitude Tibetans, isolated a skin bacterium of Pantoea eucrina KBFS172 which could repair UV damage via involving the metabolic pathway of carotenoid biosynthesis. Our results provide a new potential skin probiotic for skin disease prevention or sunburn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Haixia Ran
- Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Technology Extension Station, Chongqing, China
| | - Yutong Hua
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feilong Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Bo Zeng
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianmin Chai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Ying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
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22
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Ersanli C, Tzora A, Voidarou C(C, Skoufos S, Zeugolis DI, Skoufos I. Biodiversity of Skin Microbiota as an Important Biomarker for Wound Healing. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:1187. [PMID: 37759587 PMCID: PMC10525143 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous wound healing is a natural and complex repair process that is implicated within four stages. However, microorganisms (e.g., bacteria) can easily penetrate through the skin tissue from the wound bed, which may lead to disbalance in the skin microbiota. Although commensal and pathogenic bacteria are in equilibrium in normal skin, their imbalance in the wound area can cause the delay or impairment of cutaneous wounds. Moreover, skin microbiota is in constant crosstalk with the immune system and epithelial cells, which has significance for the healing of a wound. Therefore, understanding the major bacteria species in the cutaneous wound as well as their communication with the immune system has gained prominence in a way that allows for the emergence of a new perspective for wound healing. In this review, the major bacteria isolated from skin wounds, the role of the crosstalk between the cutaneous microbiome and immune system to heal wounds, the identification techniques of these bacteria populations, and the applied therapies to manipulate the skin microbiota are investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caglar Ersanli
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece; (C.E.); (I.S.)
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Food Hygiene and Quality, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece; (C.V.)
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Charles Institute of Dermatology, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Athina Tzora
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Food Hygiene and Quality, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece; (C.V.)
| | - Chrysoula (Chrysa) Voidarou
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Food Hygiene and Quality, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece; (C.V.)
| | - Stylianos Skoufos
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Food Hygiene and Quality, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece; (C.V.)
| | - Dimitrios I. Zeugolis
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Charles Institute of Dermatology, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Ioannis Skoufos
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece; (C.E.); (I.S.)
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23
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Gannesen AV, Ziganshin RH, Ovcharova MA, Nevolina ED, Klimko AI, Martyanov SV, Plakunov VK. Epinephrine Affects Ribosomes, Cell Division, and Catabolic Processes in Micrococcus luteus Skin Strain C01: Revelation of the Conditionally Extensive Hormone Effect Using Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry and Proteomic Analysis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2181. [PMID: 37764026 PMCID: PMC10535722 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current study, extensive Orbitrap mass spectrometry analysis was conducted for skin strain Micrococcus luteus C01 planktonic cultures and biofilms after 24 h and 72 h of incubation either in the presence of epinephrine or without any implementations. The investigation revealed the complex and conditionally extensive effect of epinephrine at concentrations closer to normal blood plasma concentrations on both planktonic cultures and biofilms of skin strain M. luteus C01. The concentrations of hundreds of proteins changed during the shift from planktonic growth mode to biofilm and hundreds of proteins were downregulated or upregulated in the presence of epinephrine. Ribosomal, TCA, and cell division proteins appear to be the most altered in their amounts in the presence of the hormone. Potentially, the regulatory mechanism of this process is connected with c-di-GMP and histidine kinases, which were affected by epinephrine in different samples. The phenomenon of epinephrine-based biofilm regulation in M. luteus C01 has wide implications for microbial endocrinology and other research areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei V. Gannesen
- Federal Research Center “Fundamentals of Biotechnology”, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.O.); (E.D.N.); (A.I.K.); (S.V.M.); (V.K.P.)
| | - Rustam H. Ziganshin
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Maria A. Ovcharova
- Federal Research Center “Fundamentals of Biotechnology”, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.O.); (E.D.N.); (A.I.K.); (S.V.M.); (V.K.P.)
| | - Ekaterina D. Nevolina
- Federal Research Center “Fundamentals of Biotechnology”, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.O.); (E.D.N.); (A.I.K.); (S.V.M.); (V.K.P.)
| | - Alena I. Klimko
- Federal Research Center “Fundamentals of Biotechnology”, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.O.); (E.D.N.); (A.I.K.); (S.V.M.); (V.K.P.)
| | - Sergey V. Martyanov
- Federal Research Center “Fundamentals of Biotechnology”, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.O.); (E.D.N.); (A.I.K.); (S.V.M.); (V.K.P.)
| | - Vladimir K. Plakunov
- Federal Research Center “Fundamentals of Biotechnology”, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.O.); (E.D.N.); (A.I.K.); (S.V.M.); (V.K.P.)
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24
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Willmott T, Campbell PM, Griffiths CEM, O’Connor C, Bell M, Watson REB, McBain AJ, Langton AK. Behaviour and sun exposure in holidaymakers alters skin microbiota composition and diversity. Front Aging 2023; 4:1217635. [PMID: 37614517 PMCID: PMC10442491 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1217635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The skin microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining epidermal homeostasis. Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and other environmental challenges can impact the skin microbiota through direct and indirect mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate the effects of sun exposure on the skin microbiota and its relationship with individual skin phototypes. Methods: Healthy volunteers (n = 21 [4M, 17 F], mean age 33.2 years) holidayed in a sunny destination for a minimum of 7 days with swabs taken pre-holiday and up to 84 days post-holiday. Participant group was categorised by individual typology angle (ITA) classification and the composition of the skin microbiota was examined using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results: In the entire cohort and at all time points, the major bacterial phyla were Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. There was a significant change in microbial beta diversity at day 28 post-holiday, compared to baseline, for all participants. However, when participants were segregated into three cohorts dependent on the degree of skin tanning response between baseline (pre-holiday) and immediately one-day post-holiday, there was a reduction in Proteobacteria in the sun-seeking participants 1 day after the holiday, which recovered over time. Discussion: These findings suggest that sun exposure can affect the diversity and composition of the skin microbiota, which may have downstream effects on skin health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Willmott
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Paul M. Campbell
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher E. M. Griffiths
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Clare O’Connor
- No7 Beauty Company, Walgreens Boots Alliance, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Bell
- No7 Beauty Company, Walgreens Boots Alliance, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel E. B. Watson
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
- A*STAR Skin Research Laboratory (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrew J. McBain
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Abigail K. Langton
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
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25
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Li A, Li Z, Leng H, Jin L, Xiao Y, Sun K, Feng J. Seasonal assembly of skin microbiota driven by neutral and selective processes in the greater horseshoe bat. Mol Ecol 2023; 32:4695-4707. [PMID: 37322601 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Skin microbiota play an important role in protecting bat hosts from the fungal pathogen Pseudogymnoascus destructans, which has caused dramatic bat population declines and extinctions. Recent studies have provided insights into the bacterial communities of bat skin, but variation in skin bacterial community structure in the context of the seasonal dynamics of fungal invasion, as well as the processes that drive such variation, remain largely unexplored. In this study, we characterized bat skin microbiota over the course of the bat hibernation and active season stages and used a neutral model of community ecology to determine the relative roles of neutral and selective processes in driving microbial community variation. Our results showed significant seasonal shifts in skin community structure, as well as less diverse microbiota in hibernation than in the active season. Skin microbiota were influenced by the environmental bacterial reservoir. During both the hibernation and active season stages, more than 78% of ASVs in bat skin microbiota were consistent with neutral distribution, implying that neutral processes, that is, dispersal or ecological drift contributing the most to shifts in skin microbiota. In addition, the neutral model showed that some ASVs were actively selected by the bats from the environmental bacterial reservoir, accounting for approximately 20% and 31% of the total community during hibernation and active season stages, respectively. Overall, this research provides insights into the assemblage of bat-associated bacterial communities and will aid in the development of conservation strategies against fungal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoqiang Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongle Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Haixia Leng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Longru Jin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanhong Xiao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Keping Sun
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun, China
| | - Jiang Feng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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26
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Kamala Nathan M, Jasni AS, Zakariah SZ, Tengku Jamaluddin TZM, Mohd Isa M, Ibrahim R. Hidden bugs in a newly opened hospital: the distribution of skin microbiota among healthcare workers in a newly opened teaching hospital. J Med Microbiol 2023; 72. [PMID: 37432079 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Skin is a reservoir for millions of micro-organisms, all of which make up the skin microbiota. Hospitals have been identified as a favourable environment for transmitting micro-organisms and thus, it is important to know the distribution of skin microbiota among healthcare workers (HCWs), as such findings may provide baseline information for the distribution of skin microbiota in hospitals.Hypothesis. There is no significant association between the factors (age, gender, type of skin microenvironment, hand hygiene practices, usage of skin care products, current healthcare practices and previous workplace) and the distribution of the skin microbiota among HCWs.Aim. The study aims to identify type of skin microbiota and associated factors (age, gender, type of skin microenvironment, hand hygiene practices, use of skincare products, current healthcare practice, and previous workplace) that influence the growth of skin microbiota.Method. About 102 bacterial isolates were obtained from the skin of 63 healthcare workers in a newly opened teaching hospital, namely Hospital Pengajar Universiti Putra Malaysia (HPUPM). All isolated bacteria were subjected to phenotypic identification according to standard microbiological procedures.Results. The most common isolated skin microbiota were Gram-positive bacteria (84.3%), followed by Gram-negative bacteria (15.7%). A Chi-square test of independence was used to analyse the above factors and there was a significant association between the type of skin microenvironment and the distribution of skin microbiota (P=0.03) (type of skin microenvironment influences the distribution of skin microbiota).Conclusion. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp. was the most common bacteria isolated from the skin of the healthcare workers. Even though coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are low pathogenic bacteria, but it may cause serious infection in high risk group of patients. Therefore, it is important to emphasize on the good hand hygiene practices and implement strict infection control measures to minimize the risk of HAI in newly opened hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Azmiza Syawani Jasni
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Siti Zulaikha Zakariah
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
| | | | - Muhammad Mohd Isa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Rosni Ibrahim
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
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27
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Joglekar P, Conlan S, Lee-Lin SQ, Deming C, Kashaf SS, Kong HH, Segre JA. Integrated genomic and functional analyses of human skin-associated Staphylococcus reveals extensive inter- and intra-species diversity. bioRxiv 2023:2023.06.22.546190. [PMID: 37503282 PMCID: PMC10370188 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.22.546190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Human skin is stably colonized by a distinct microbiota that functions together with epidermal cells to maintain a protective physical barrier. Staphylococcus, a prominent genus of the skin microbiota, participates in colonization resistance, tissue repair, and host immune regulation in strain specific manners. To unlock the potential of engineering skin microbial communities, we aim to fully characterize the functional diversity of this genus within the context of the skin environment. We conducted metagenome and pan-genome analyses of isolates obtained from distinct body sites of healthy volunteers, providing a detailed biogeographic depiction of staphylococcal species that colonize our skin. S. epidermidis, S. capitis, and S. hominis were the most abundant species present in all volunteers and were detected at all body sites. Pan-genome analysis of these three species revealed that the genus-core was dominated by central metabolism genes. Species-specific core genes were enriched in host colonization functions. The majority (~68%) of genes were detected only in a fraction of isolate genomes, underscoring the immense strain-specific gene diversity. Conspecific genomes grouped into phylogenetic clades, exhibiting body site preference. Each clade was enriched for distinct gene-sets that are potentially involved in site tropism. Finally, we conducted gene expression studies of select isolates showing variable growth phenotypes in skin-like medium. In vitro expression revealed extensive intra- and inter-species gene expression variation, substantially expanding the functional diversification within each species. Our study provides an important resource for future ecological and translational studies to examine the role of shared and strain-specific staphylococcal genes within the skin environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payal Joglekar
- Microbial Genomics Section, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sean Conlan
- Microbial Genomics Section, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Shih-Queen Lee-Lin
- Microbial Genomics Section, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Clay Deming
- Microbial Genomics Section, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sara Saheb Kashaf
- Microbial Genomics Section, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Heidi H. Kong
- Cutaneous Microbiome and Inflammation Section, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Julia A. Segre
- Microbial Genomics Section, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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28
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Bouferraa Y, Fares C, Bou Zerdan M, Boyce Kennedy L. Microbial Influences on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Response in Melanoma: The Interplay between Skin and Gut Microbiota. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119702. [PMID: 37298653 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of melanoma, but its limitations due to resistance and variable patient responses have become apparent. The microbiota, which refers to the complex ecosystem of microorganisms that inhabit the human body, has emerged as a promising area of research for its potential role in melanoma development and treatment response. Recent studies have highlighted the role of microbiota in influencing the immune system and its response to melanoma, as well as its influence on the development of immune-related adverse events associated with immunotherapy. In this article, we discuss the complex multifactorial mechanisms through which skin and gut microbiota can affect the development of melanoma including microbial metabolites, intra-tumor microbes, UV light, and the immune system. In addition, we will discuss the pre-clinical and clinical studies that have demonstrated the influence of different microbial profiles on response to immunotherapy. Additionally, we will explore the role of microbiota in the development of immune-mediated adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Bouferraa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Callie Fares
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 2020, Lebanon
| | - Maroun Bou Zerdan
- Department of Internal Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, New York, NY 13205, USA
| | - Lucy Boyce Kennedy
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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29
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Ma Q, Yue Y, Kou X, Hou W, Wang M, Yang X, Liu G, Li Y, Wang C. Dynamic Distribution of Skin Microorganisms in Donkeys at Different Ages and Various Sites of the Body. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13091566. [PMID: 37174603 PMCID: PMC10177048 DOI: 10.3390/ani13091566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Considerable evidence suggests that the skin microbiota is not only important and complex in humans and other mammals but also critical for maintaining health and skin homeostasis. To date, studies on the skin microorganisms of donkeys are surprisingly rare. To investigate the dynamic changes in commensal microbial communities on the skins of healthy donkeys throughout the growing period, skin and soil samples were collected from 30 healthy Dezhou donkeys (ranging from 1, 6, 12, 24 to 48 months of age) and their corresponding breeding sheds on the farm. All samples were analysed for high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA and ITS to characterize the skin microbiota of healthy donkeys and compare the differences in skin microbiota among donkeys of different ages. There were notable differences in the proportions of various genera (including bacteria and fungi) between dorsal and abdominal skin with increasing age. The comparison of the skin microbial communities among these groups revealed that Staphylococcus was mainly enriched in the early growing stage (1 and 6 months), while the relative abundance of Streptococcus was higher in both the 1- and 48-month-old age groups. Moreover, some bacteria and commensal fungi, such as Staphylococcus and Trichosporon, were found to be positively correlated between the skin and the environment. This is the first study to investigate the dynamic changes in skin microbiota diversity and composition in donkeys of different ages and at different sites of the body. Furthermore, this study provides insights into the dynamic alterations in skin microbes during a donkey's growth and characterizes the profiles of bacterial and fungal communities across a donkey's body regions (dorsal and abdomen).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingshan Ma
- Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Yunshuang Yue
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiyan Kou
- Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Wanting Hou
- Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Mingyu Wang
- Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Xihao Yang
- Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Guiqin Liu
- Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Yan Li
- Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Changfa Wang
- Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
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Mayer W, Weibel M, De Luca C, Ibragimova G, Trakhtman I, Kharaeva Z, Chandler DL, Korkina L. Biomolecules of Fermented Tropical Fruits and Fermenting Microbes as Regulators of Human Hair Loss, Hair Quality, and Scalp Microbiota. Biomolecules 2023; 13:699. [PMID: 37189446 PMCID: PMC10136211 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived secondary metabolites (polyphenols/terpenes/alkaloids) and microbial exometabolites/membrane components of fermented tropical fruits are known as highly bioavailable biomolecules causing skin and hair improvement effects (wound healing, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiacne, skin/hair microbiota balancing, hair growth-promoting, and hair loss-inhibiting). Caffein is considered as a hair growth promoter. A randomized placebo- and caffein-controlled clinical trial on the efficacy of fermented papaya (FP) plus fermented mangosteen (FM) towards human hair quality and loss was conducted. Shampoo and lotion hair care products containing FP, FM, and caffein as active agents were developed and applied to 154 subjects of both sexes with clinically confirmed androgenic or diffuse alopecia for 3 months. Their clinical efficacy was assessed subjectively by questionnaires filled in by dermatologists/trichologists, and by the objective trichomicroscopical calculations. Hair and scalp skin quality was determined by microbiota pattern and ATP, SH-groups, protein, and malonyl dialdehyde quantification. Comparative clinical data showed that the experimental hair care cosmetics significantly inhibited hair loss, increased hair density/thickness, and improved hair follicle structure versus placebo and caffein controls. The cosmetics with FP and FM substantially normalized the microbiota pattern and increased ATP content in hair follicle, while inhibiting lipid peroxidation in the scalp skin, and SH-group formation in the hair shaft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Mayer
- Medena AG, 16 Industriestrasse, CH-8910 Affoltern-am-Albis, Switzerland; (W.M.); (M.W.); (C.D.L.)
| | - Michaela Weibel
- Medena AG, 16 Industriestrasse, CH-8910 Affoltern-am-Albis, Switzerland; (W.M.); (M.W.); (C.D.L.)
| | - Chiara De Luca
- Medena AG, 16 Industriestrasse, CH-8910 Affoltern-am-Albis, Switzerland; (W.M.); (M.W.); (C.D.L.)
| | - Galina Ibragimova
- Centre for Innovative Biotechnological Investigations Nanolab (CIBI-NANOLAB), 197 Vernadskiy Pr., 119571 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Ilya Trakhtman
- Swiss Dekotra GmbH, 549 Badenerstrasse, CH-8048 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Zaira Kharaeva
- Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, Kabardino-Balkar Berbekov’s State University, 176 Chernishevskiy St., 360000 Nal’chik, Russia;
| | | | - Liudmila Korkina
- Centre for Innovative Biotechnological Investigations Nanolab (CIBI-NANOLAB), 197 Vernadskiy Pr., 119571 Moscow, Russia;
- Swiss Dekotra GmbH, 549 Badenerstrasse, CH-8048 Zurich, Switzerland;
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Perugini P, Grignani C, Condrò G, van der Hoeven H, Ratti A, Mondelli A, Colpani A, Bleve M. Skin Microbiota: Setting up a Protocol to Evaluate a Correlation between the Microbial Flora and Skin Parameters. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030966. [PMID: 36979945 PMCID: PMC10046605 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of skin microbiota is not really clear and more accurate approaches are necessary to explain how microbial flora can influence skin biophysical parameters in healthy individuals and in pathology patients with non-infectious skin disease. The aim of this work is to provide a suitable, fast and reproducible protocol to correlate skin parameters with the composition of skin microbiota. For this purpose, the work was split into two main phases. The first phase was focused on the selection of volunteers by the administration of a specific questionnaire. The skin microbiota was then collected from the forehead of selected volunteers as a test area and from the shoulder as control area. On the same skin area, the biophysical parameters, such as trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), sebum level (SL), porphyrin intensity, keratin content and stratum corneum water content were taken. All parameters were taken at t0 and after 15 days without changes in the volunteers' lifestyle. A strong correlation was found between forehead and shoulder area for porphyrin intensity, pH and TEWL parameters, and between Cutibacterium acnes and some biophysical parameters both in the forehead and the shoulder area. The procedural setup in this work represents the starting point for evaluating problematic skins and the efficacy of cosmetic products or treatment against skin dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Perugini
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Etichub, Academic Spin-Off, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Camilla Grignani
- Etichub, Academic Spin-Off, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giorgia Condrò
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Harald van der Hoeven
- CLR-Chemisches Laboratorium Dr. Kurt Richter GmbH, Sperenberger Straße 3, 12277 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Antonio Colpani
- I Beauty, Via G. Donizetti, 109, 24030 Brembate di sopra, Italy
- Department of Management, Information and Production Engineering, University of Bergamo, Via Salvecchio 19, 24129 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Mariella Bleve
- Etichub, Academic Spin-Off, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Ovcharova MA, Schelkunov MI, Geras’kina OV, Makarova NE, Sukhacheva MV, Martyanov SV, Nevolina ED, Zhurina MV, Feofanov AV, Botchkova EA, Plakunov VK, Gannesen AV. C-Type Natriuretic Peptide Acts as a Microorganism-Activated Regulator of the Skin Commensals Staphylococcus epidermidis and Cutibacterium acnes in Dual-Species Biofilms. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:436. [PMID: 36979128 PMCID: PMC10045295 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
The effect of C-type natriuretic peptide in a concentration closer to the normal level in human blood plasma was studied on the mono-species and dual-species biofilms of the skin commensal bacteria Cutibacterium acnes HL043PA2 and Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC14990. Despite the marginal effect of the hormone on cutibacteria in mono-species biofilms, the presence of staphylococci in the community resulted in a global shift of the CNP effect, which appeared to increase the competitive properties of C. acnes, its proliferation and the metabolic activity of the community. S. epidermidis was mostly inhibited in the presence of CNP. Both bacteria had a significant impact on the gene expression levels revealed by RNA-seq. CNP did not affect the gene expression levels in mono-species cutibacterial biofilms; however, in the presence of staphylococci, five genes were differentially expressed in the presence of the hormone, including two ribosomal proteins and metal ABC transporter permease. In staphylococci, the Na-translocating system protein MpsB NADH-quinone oxidoreductase subunit L was downregulated in the dual-species biofilms in the presence of CNP, while in mono-species biofilms, two proteins of unknown function were downregulated. Hypothetically, at least one of the CNP mechanisms of action is via the competition for zinc, at least on cutibacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Ovcharova
- Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Mikhail I. Schelkunov
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 121205, Russia
- Institute for Information Transmission Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 127051, Russia
| | - Olga V. Geras’kina
- Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119192, Russia
| | | | - Marina V. Sukhacheva
- Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Martyanov
- Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Ekaterina D. Nevolina
- Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Marina V. Zhurina
- Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Alexey V. Feofanov
- Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119192, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A. Botchkova
- Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Vladimir K. Plakunov
- Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Andrei V. Gannesen
- Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
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Tharp B, Zheng R, Bryak G, Litvintseva AP, Hayden MK, Chowdhary A, Thangamani S. Role of Microbiota in the Skin Colonization of Candida auris. mSphere 2023; 8:e0062322. [PMID: 36695588 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00623-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida auris is an emerging multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen that can cause life-threatening infections in humans. Unlike other Candida species that colonize the gut, C. auris efficiently colonizes the skin and contaminates the patient's environment, resulting in rapid nosocomial transmission and outbreaks of systemic infections. As the largest organ of the body, the skin harbors beneficial microbiota that play a critical role to protect from invading pathogens. However, the role of skin microbiota in the colonization and pathogenesis of C. auris remains to be explored. With this perspective, we review and discuss recent insights into skin microbiota and their potential interactions with the immune system in the context of C. auris skin colonization. Understanding microbiota, C. auris, and host interactions in the skin is important to develop microbiome-based therapeutic approaches to prevent and treat this emerging fungal pathogen in humans.
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Abstract
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory cutaneous disorder of uncertain etiology that mainly affects the centrofacial region, including cheeks, nose, chin, forehead, and eyes. The pathogenesis of rosacea remains unclear because it involves several complex factors. Additionally, the potential treatment methods need to be explored. We reviewed the common bacterial species in the skin microbiota and gut microbiota of rosacea patients such as Demodex folliculorum, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus oleronius, Cutibacterium acnes, and Helicobacter pylori and identified their role in the pathogenesis. Besides, we summarized the influence factors such as temperature and age on rosacea patients. We also systematically reviewed the commonly used clinical treatment methods, including antibiotics, probiotics. as well as their treatment mechanism and application precautions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Zhu
- Clinical Medicine (Eight-Year Program), West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Xiang Wen
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Xiang Wen, ✉
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Ayala DI, Grum DS, Evans NP, Russo KN, Kimminau EA, Trible BR, Lahoti MM, Novak CL, Karnezos TP. Identification and characterization of the causative agents of Focal Ulcerative Dermatitis in commercial laying hens. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1110573. [PMID: 36846268 PMCID: PMC9945107 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1110573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Focal Ulcerative Dermatitis (FUDS) is an emerging dermatological disease that affects cage-free laying flocks, it is characterized by the development of a lesion on the dorsum of the birds; FUDS is sporadic in nature and can result in a drop in egg production and up to 50% of cumulative mortality. A total of two cage-free flocks (flock 1: no history of FUDS; flock 2: birds affected with FUDS) from a commercial laying hen operation in the mid-west U.S. were sampled in this study. The microbial composition of skin, cloacal, cecal, and ileal samples from each bird was characterized through next generation sequencing (NGS). Results identified Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus agnetis as the potential causative agents of FUDS, being the most predominant in FUDS positive birds. These results were confirmed by plating, with both staphylococci as the only pathogens isolated from lesions of FUDS positive birds. A total of 68 confirmed Staphylococcus isolates from skin and environmental samples were further analyzed by whole genome sequencing (WGS) for the presence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes and virulence factors that could have contributed to the development of FUDS. Forty-four-point one-two percent of the isolates had between one and four acquired AMR genes encoding for macrolides, lincosamides, spectrogramines, and beta-lactams resistance. Six classes of virulence factors associated with adherence, enzyme, immune evasion, secretion system, toxin, and iron uptake were identified. The antimicrobial effect of 4 proprietary Bacillus Direct Fed Microbial (DFM) combinations was evaluated against the Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus agnetis isolates, by agar well-diffusion (AWD) assay and competitive exclusion (CE) on broth culture. Through this antimicrobial screening, a particular two-strain combination of Bacillus pumilus was identified as the most effective inhibitor of both staphylococci. A customized Bacillus pumilus product is being used at different farms with history of FUDS resulting in the successful inhibition of both Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus agnetis, decreasing FUDS mortalities, and improving harvestable eggs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel S. Grum
- Purina Animal Nutrition Center, Land O' Lakes, Gray Summit, MO, United States
| | - Nicholas P. Evans
- Purina Animal Nutrition Center, Land O' Lakes, Gray Summit, MO, United States
| | - Kay N. Russo
- Purina Animal Nutrition Center, Land O' Lakes, Gray Summit, MO, United States
| | - Emily A. Kimminau
- Purina Animal Nutrition Center, Land O' Lakes, Gray Summit, MO, United States
| | - Benjamin R. Trible
- Purina Animal Nutrition Center, Land O' Lakes, Gray Summit, MO, United States
| | - Manohar M. Lahoti
- Purina Animal Nutrition Center, Land O' Lakes, Gray Summit, MO, United States
| | - Curtis L. Novak
- Purina Animal Nutrition Center, Land O' Lakes, Gray Summit, MO, United States
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Luz-Veiga M, Amorim M, Pinto-Ribeiro I, Oliveira ALS, Silva S, Pimentel LL, Rodríguez-Alcalá LM, Madureira R, Pintado M, Azevedo-Silva J, Fernandes J. Cannabidiol and Cannabigerol Exert Antimicrobial Activity without Compromising Skin Microbiota. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36768709 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabigerol (CBG) are two pharmacologically active phytocannabinoids of Cannabis sativa L. Their antimicrobial activity needs further elucidation, particularly for CBG, as reports on this cannabinoid are scarce. We investigated CBD and CBG's antimicrobial potential, including their ability to inhibit the formation and cause the removal of biofilms. Our results demonstrate that both molecules present activity against planktonic bacteria and biofilms, with both cannabinoids removing mature biofilms at concentrations below the determined minimum inhibitory concentrations. We report for the first time minimum inhibitory and lethal concentrations for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli (ranging from 400 to 3180 µM), as well as the ability of cannabinoids to inhibit Staphylococci adhesion to keratinocytes, with CBG demonstrating higher activity than CBD. The value of these molecules as preservative ingredients for cosmetics was also assayed, with CBG meeting the USP 51 challenge test criteria for antimicrobial effectiveness. Further, the exact formulation showed no negative impact on skin microbiota. Our results suggest that phytocannabinoids can be promising topical antimicrobial agents when searching for novel therapeutic candidates for different skin conditions. Additional research is needed to clarify phytocannabinoids' mechanisms of action, aiming to develop practical applications in dermatological use.
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Reiss Z, Rob F, Kolar M, Schierova D, Kreisinger J, Jackova Z, Roubalova R, Coufal S, Mihula M, Thon T, Bajer L, Novakova M, Vasatko M, Kostovcikova K, Galanova N, Lukas M, Kverka M, Tresnak Hercogova J, Tlaskalova-Hogenova H, Jiraskova Zakostelska Z. Skin microbiota signature distinguishes IBD patients and reflects skin adverse events during anti-TNF therapy. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 12:1064537. [PMID: 36704107 PMCID: PMC9872723 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1064537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are two forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), where the role of gut but not skin dysbiosis is well recognized. Inhibitors of TNF have been successful in IBD treatment, but up to a quarter of patients suffer from unpredictable skin adverse events (SkAE). For this purpose, we analyzed temporal dynamics of skin microbiota and serum markers of inflammation and epithelial barrier integrity during anti-TNF therapy and SkAE manifestation in IBD patients. We observed that the skin microbiota signature of IBD patients differs markedly from healthy subjects. In particular, the skin microbiota of CD patients differs significantly from that of UC patients and healthy subjects, mainly in the retroauricular crease. In addition, we showed that anti-TNF-related SkAE are associated with specific shifts in skin microbiota profile and with a decrease in serum levels of L-FABP and I-FABP in IBD patients. For the first time, we showed that shifts in microbial composition in IBD patients are not limited to the gut and that skin microbiota and serum markers of the epithelium barrier may be suitable markers of SkAE during anti-TNF therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Reiss
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Filip Rob
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Bulovka, Prague, Czechia
| | - Martin Kolar
- IBD Clinical and Research Centre ISCARE a.s., Prague, Czechia
| | - Dagmar Schierova
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jakub Kreisinger
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Zuzana Jackova
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Radka Roubalova
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Stepan Coufal
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Martin Mihula
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Tomas Thon
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Lukas Bajer
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Michaela Novakova
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Bulovka, Prague, Czechia
| | - Martin Vasatko
- IBD Clinical and Research Centre ISCARE a.s., Prague, Czechia
| | - Klara Kostovcikova
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Natalie Galanova
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Milan Lukas
- IBD Clinical and Research Centre ISCARE a.s., Prague, Czechia,Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Miloslav Kverka
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jana Tresnak Hercogova
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Bulovka, Prague, Czechia,Prof. Hercogova Dermatology, Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Zuzana Jiraskova Zakostelska
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia,*Correspondence: Zuzana Jiraskova Zakostelska,
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Guo Y, Zeng M, Yuan Y, Yuan M, Chen Y, Yu H, Liu R, Ruan Z, Xie Q, Jiao X, Lu T. Photodynamic therapy treats acne by altering the composition of the skin microbiota. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13269. [PMID: 36704881 PMCID: PMC9838775 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne is the eighth-most prevalent inflammatory skin disease with no optimal treatment. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective treatment for severe acne. AIMS The effect of PDT on the composition and diversity of skin microflora in severe acne patients was studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 18 patients with severe acne and 8 healthy individuals were selected for this study. Patients were treated with 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated PDT once a week three times in total; the skin microbiome was measured by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing before and after treatment (1 week after each PDT). RESULTS The microflora composition was different between healthy controls and patients, and between patients before and after treatment. Alpha diversity indices were lower in patients than those in control. There were 15 bacterial genera with high relative abundance that had noticeable changes during treatment. At the genus level,particularly Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes formerly Propionibacterium acnes), there was no statistically significant difference among different group. The abundances of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus were low. DISCUSSION The microbial composition is different between severe acne patients acne patients and healthy individuals. The therapeutic efficacy of severe acne treated with PDT is associated with the composition and diversity of skin microbiota. CONCLUSION The skin microbial composition changes after PDT treatment. PDT is an effective method for the treatment of severe acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangmin Guo
- Department of DermatologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
- Department of DermatologyHuizhou Dermatology HospitalHuizhouChina
| | - Mi Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology and GeneticsShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Yumeng Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology and GeneticsShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Mengsi Yuan
- Department of DermatologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Yanxia Chen
- Department of DermatologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Haoyang Yu
- Department of DermatologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Ruimin Liu
- Department of DermatologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Zhijie Ruan
- Department of DermatologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Qingdong Xie
- Department of Cell Biology and GeneticsShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Xiaoyang Jiao
- Department of Cell Biology and GeneticsShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Tao Lu
- Department of DermatologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
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Guo Z, Yang Y, Wu Q, Liu M, Zhou L, Zhang L, Dong D. New insights into the characteristic skin microorganisms in different grades of acne and different acne sites. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1167923. [PMID: 37180251 PMCID: PMC10172595 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1167923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The increasing maturity of sequencing technology provides a convenient approach to studying the role of skin microorganisms in acne pathogenesis. However, there are still too few studies about the skin microbiota of Asian acne patients, especially a lack of detailed analysis of the characteristics of the skin microbiota in the different acne sites. Methods In this study, a total of 34 college students were recruited and divided into the health, mild acne, and severe acne groups. The bacterial and fungal flora of samples were separately detected by 16S and 18S rRNA gene sequencing. The biomarkers of different acne grades and different acne sites [forehead, cheek, chin, torso (including chest and back)] were excavated. Results and Discussion Our results indicated that there was no significant difference in species diversity between groups. The genera like Propionibacterium, Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, and Malassezia, which have a relatively high abundance in the skin microbiota and were reported as the most acne-associated microbes, were no obvious differences between groups. On the contrary, the abundance of less reported Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, and Pseudidiomarina) and Candida has a significant alteration. Compared with the health group and the mild group, in the severe group, the abundance of Pseudomonas and Ralstonia sharply reduced while that of Pseudidiomarina and Candida remarkably raised. Moreover, different acne sites have different numbers and types of biomarkers. Among the four acne sites, the cheek has the greatest number of biomarkers including Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, Pseudidiomarina, Malassezia, Saccharomyces, and Candida, while no biomarker was observed for the forehead. The network analysis indicated that there might be a competitive relationship between Pseudomonas and Propionibacterium. This study would provide a new insight and theoretical basis for precise and personalized acne microbial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitao Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuliang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qianjie Wu
- Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Leyuan Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Liang Zhang,
| | - Dake Dong
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Dake Dong,
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Pyle HJ, Artami M, Edwards M, Raj P, Zhang B, Arana C, Harris-Tryon TA. Saprophytic bacteria and fungi colonize stearoyl coenzyme-A desaturase-1 knockout skin. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:78-84. [PMID: 36114818 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Lipids synthesized on the skin are critical to the antimicrobial barrier. Skin lipids also facilitate survival of lipophilic skin commensals in an otherwise dry and acidic ecological landscape. Thus, skin-specific stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 knockout mice (Scd1ΔK14 ) with sebocyte atrophy and decreased synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids, triglycerides and wax diesters have dry, inflamed skin. Here, we used 16S rRNA (V1-V2 and V1-V9) and internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) amplicon sequencing to compare bacterial and fungal skin microbiomes between Scd1ΔK14 mice and wildtype control mice (Scd1fl/fl ) in a barrier facility. Saprophytic bacteria including Sporosarcina spp. and Staphylococcus lentus and saprophytic fungi including Alternaria infectoria were found in higher relative abundance in the Scd1ΔK14 group (ANCOM). Analysis of community diversity (Shannon index) revealed greater fungal alpha diversity in the Scd1ΔK14 group (p = 0.009, Kruskal-Wallis). Principal coordinates analysis (Bray-Curtis dissimilarity) showed that both bacterial (p = 0.002, PERMANOVA) and fungal communities (p = 0.006, PERMANOVA) of the Scd1ΔK14 group were unique from the wildtype group. Altogether, these results suggest that sebaceous gland-derived lipids normally restrict the skin microbiome, and in the absence of these lipids, a greater diversity of opportunistic organisms are able to colonize the surface of skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunter J Pyle
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Methinee Artami
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Marshall Edwards
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Prithvi Raj
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Carlos Arana
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Tamia A Harris-Tryon
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Zhan M, Huang Z, Cheng G, Yu Y, Su J, Xu Z. Alterations of the Mucosal Immune Response and Microbial Community of the Skin upon Viral Infection in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 36430516 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin is the largest organ on the surface of vertebrates, which not only acts as the first line of defense against pathogens but also harbors diverse symbiotic microorganisms. The complex interaction between skin immunity, pathogens, and commensal bacteria has been extensively studied in mammals. However, little is known regarding the effects of viral infection on the skin immune response and microbial composition in teleost fish. In this study, we exposed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) by immersion infection. Through pathogen load detection and pathological evaluation, we confirmed that IHNV successfully invaded the rainbow trout, causing severe damage to the epidermis of the skin. qPCR analyses revealed that IHNV invasion significantly upregulated antiviral genes and elicited strong innate immune responses. Transcriptome analyses indicated that IHNV challenge induced strong antiviral responses mediated by pattern recognition receptor (PRR) signaling pathways in the early stage of the infection (4 days post-infection (dpi)), and an extremely strong antibacterial immune response occurred at 14 dpi. Our 16S rRNA sequencing results indicated that the skin microbial community of IHNV-infected fish was significantly richer and more diverse. Particularly, the infected fish exhibited a decrease in Proteobacteria accompanied by an increase in Actinobacteria. Furthermore, IHNV invasion favored the colonization of opportunistic pathogens such as Rhodococcus and Vibrio on the skin, especially in the later stage of infection, leading to dysbiosis. Our findings suggest that IHNV invasion is associated with skin microbiota dysbiosis and could thus lead to secondary bacterial infection.
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Shmeleva EV, Syafiq D, Moldoveanu AL, Ferguson BJ, Smith GL. Suppression of innate immunity by the vaccinia virus protein N1 promotes skin microbiota expansion and increased immune infiltration following vaccination. J Gen Virol 2022; 103. [PMID: 36748513 PMCID: PMC7614846 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccinia virus (VACV) protein N1 is an intracellular immunomodulator that contributes to virus virulence via inhibition of NF-κB. Intradermal infection with a VACV lacking gene N1L (vΔN1) results in smaller skin lesions than infection with wild-type virus (WT VACV), but the impact of N1 deletion on the local microbiota as well as the innate and cellular immune responses in infected ear tissue is mostly uncharacterized. Here, we analysed the bacterial burden and host immune response at the site of infection and report that the presence of protein N1 correlated with enhanced expansion of skin microbiota, even before lesion development. Furthermore, early after infection (days 1-3), prior to lesion development, the levels of inflammatory mediators were higher in vΔN1-infected tissue compared to WT VACV infection. In contrast, infiltration of ear tissue with myeloid and lymphoid cells was greater after WT VACV infection and there was significantly greater secondary bacterial infection that correlated with greater lesion size. We conclude that a more robust innate immune response to vΔN1 infection leads to better control of virus replication, less bacterial growth and hence an overall reduction of tissue damage and lesion size. This analysis shows the potent impact of a single viral immunomodulator on the host immune response and the pathophysiology of VACV infection in the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniya V Shmeleva
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Present address: Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Danial Syafiq
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Present address: Gonville and Caius College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ana L Moldoveanu
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Present address: Section of Microbiology, Medical Research Council Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, UK
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He J, Shen X, Zhang N, Sun C, Shao Y. Smartphones as an Ecological Niche of Microorganisms: Microbial Activities, Assembly, and Opportunistic Pathogens. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0150822. [PMID: 36040152 PMCID: PMC9603676 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01508-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Smartphone usage and contact frequency are unprecedentedly high in this era, and they affect humans mentally and physically. However, the characteristics of the microorganisms associated with smartphones and smartphone hygiene habits remain unclear. In this study, using various culture-independent techniques, including high-throughput sequencing, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), the ATP bioluminescence system, and electron microscopy, we investigated the structure, assembly, quantity, and dynamic metabolic activity of the bacterial community on smartphone surfaces and the user's dominant and nondominant hands. We found that smartphone microbiotas are more similar to the nondominant hand microbiotas than the dominant hand microbiotas and show significantly decreased phylogenetic diversity and stronger deterministic processes than the hand microbiota. Significant interindividual microbiota differences were observed, contributing to an average owner identification accuracy of 70.6% using smartphone microbiota. Furthermore, it is estimated that approximately 1.75 × 106 bacteria (2.24 × 104/cm2) exist on the touchscreen of a single smartphone, and microbial activities remain stable for at least 48 h. Scanning electron microscopy detected large fragments harboring microorganisms, suggesting that smartphone microbiotas live on the secreta or other substances, e.g., human cell debris and food debris. Fortunately, simple smartphone cleaning/hygiene could significantly reduce the bacterial load. Taken together, our results demonstrate that smartphone surfaces not only are a reservoir of microbes but also provide an ecological niche in which microbiotas, particularly opportunistic pathogens, can survive, be active, and even grow. IMPORTANCE Currently, people spend an average of 4.2 h per day on their smartphones. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, this figure may still be increasing. The high frequency of smartphone usage may allow microbes, particularly pathogens, to attach to-and even survive on-phone surfaces, potentially causing adverse effects on humans. We employed various culture-independent techniques in this study to evaluate the microbiological features and hygiene of smartphones, including community assembly, bacterial load, and activity. Our data showed that deterministic processes drive smartphone microbiota assembly and that approximately 1.75 × 106 bacteria exist on a single smartphone touchscreen, with activities being stable for at least 48 h. Fortunately, simple smartphone cleaning/hygiene could significantly reduce the bacterial load. This work expands our understanding of the microbial ecology of smartphone surfaces and might facilitate the development of electronic device cleaning/hygiene guidelines to support public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintao He
- Max Planck Partner Group, Faculty of Agriculture, Life and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Shen
- Max Planck Partner Group, Faculty of Agriculture, Life and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Max Planck Partner Group, Faculty of Agriculture, Life and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongqi Shao
- Max Planck Partner Group, Faculty of Agriculture, Life and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Sánchez-Pellicer P, Navarro-Moratalla L, Núñez-Delegido E, Agüera-Santos J, Navarro-López V. How Our Microbiome Influences the Pathogenesis of Alopecia Areata. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101860. [PMID: 36292745 PMCID: PMC9601531 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Alopecia areata is a multifactorial autoimmune-based disease with a complex pathogenesis. As in all autoimmune diseases, genetic predisposition is key. The collapse of the immune privilege of the hair follicle leading to scalp loss is a major pathogenic event in alopecia areata. The microbiota considered a bacterial ecosystem located in a specific area of the human body could somehow influence the pathogenesis of alopecia areata, as it occurs in other autoimmune diseases. Moreover, the Next Generation Sequencing of the 16S rRNA bacterial gene and the metagenomic methodology have provided an excellent characterization of the microbiota. The aim of this narrative review is to examine the published literature on the cutaneous and intestinal microbiota in alopecia areata to be able to establish a pathogenic link. In this review, we summarize the influence of the microbiota on the development of alopecia areata. We first introduce the general pathogenic mechanisms that cause alopecia areata to understand the influence that the microbiota may exert and then we summarize the studies that have been carried out on what type of gut and skin microbiota is found in patients with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Sánchez-Pellicer
- MiBioPath Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Sciences Faculty, Catholic University of Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos 135, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Laura Navarro-Moratalla
- MiBioPath Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Sciences Faculty, Catholic University of Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos 135, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Núñez-Delegido
- MiBioPath Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Sciences Faculty, Catholic University of Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos 135, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan Agüera-Santos
- MiBioPath Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Sciences Faculty, Catholic University of Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos 135, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Vicente Navarro-López
- MiBioPath Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Sciences Faculty, Catholic University of Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos 135, 30107 Murcia, Spain
- Infectious Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Vinalopó-Fisabio, Carrer Tonico Sansano Mora 14, 03293 Elche, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Prat M, Guenezan J, Drugeon B, Burucoa C, Mimoz O, Pichon M. Impact of Skin Disinfection on Cutaneous Microbiota, before and after Peripheral Venous Catheter Insertion. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11091209. [PMID: 36139988 PMCID: PMC9495181 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11091209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Patients with invasive medical devices are at high risk for infection. Skin colonization is the initial stage of these infections, leading to the recommendation of practices requiring disinfection using antiseptics. Microbial communities playing a major role in skin health could be impacted by antiseptic procedures. Aim. To characterize and compare the bacterial communities of skin samples from patients before an antisepsis procedure, and after removal of the medical device itself, according to the nature of the antiseptic molecule (povidone iodine or chlorhexidine). Methods. The study focused on alterations in bacterial communities depending on the nature of the antiseptic procedure and type of intravascular device. After amplification of 16S rDNA, libraries (n = 498 samples) were sequenced using MiSeq platform. Results. Using an in-house pipeline (QIIME2 modules), while no alteration in skin microbiota diversity was associated with antiseptic procedure or PVC type, according to culture results (p < 0.05), alterations were at times associated with restricted diversity and higher dissimilarity (p < 0.05). Antiseptic procedures and PVC types were associated with the modification of specific bacterial representations with modulation of the Bacillota/Bacteroidota (Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes) ratio (modulation of C. acnes, Prevotella, Lagierella, and Actinomyces spp.) (p < 0.05). At baseline, the microbiota shows certain bacteria that are significantly associated with future PVC colonization and/or bacteremia (p < 0.05). All of these modulations were associated with altered expression of metabolic pathways (p < 0.05). Discussion. Finally, this work highlights the need to optimize the management of patients requiring intravascular devices, possibly by modulating the skin microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Prat
- CHU Poitiers, Bacteriology Laboratory, Infectious Agents Department, 86021 Poitiers, France
- INSERM U1070, Pharmacology of Antimicrobial Agents and Antibiotic Resistance, University of Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, France
| | - Jeremy Guenezan
- INSERM U1070, Pharmacology of Antimicrobial Agents and Antibiotic Resistance, University of Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, France
- CHU Poitiers, Emergency Room Department, 86021 Poitiers, France
| | - Bertrand Drugeon
- INSERM U1070, Pharmacology of Antimicrobial Agents and Antibiotic Resistance, University of Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, France
| | - Christophe Burucoa
- CHU Poitiers, Bacteriology Laboratory, Infectious Agents Department, 86021 Poitiers, France
- INSERM U1070, Pharmacology of Antimicrobial Agents and Antibiotic Resistance, University of Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, France
| | - Olivier Mimoz
- INSERM U1070, Pharmacology of Antimicrobial Agents and Antibiotic Resistance, University of Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, France
- CHU Poitiers, Emergency Room Department, 86021 Poitiers, France
| | - Maxime Pichon
- INSERM U1070, Pharmacology of Antimicrobial Agents and Antibiotic Resistance, University of Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, France
- CHU Poitiers, Emergency Room Department, 86021 Poitiers, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)5-4944-4143
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Alonzo F 3rd. Toward Uncovering the Complexities of Bacterial Interspecies Communication and Competition on the Skin. mBio 2022; 13:e0132022. [PMID: 35876507 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01320-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin is an inhospitable environment for microbial growth and survival. Hallmarks of the skin microenvironment include low moisture, high acidity, high lipid content, and paucity of essential nutrients, which together establish an antimicrobial barrier that defends against pathogens. Yet, commensal microbes and some opportunistic pathogens call this harsh environment home. The coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) comprise a major constituent of the commensal skin microbiome. Of the CoNS, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus hominis are two common colonizers of human skin. Although comparatively less studied than S. epidermidis, there is a growing appreciation for S. hominis as a beneficial commensal, prompting interest in understanding the mechanisms by which S. hominis interacts with other skin microbes, including those with pathogenic potential. In their recent work, M. M. Severn, M. R. Williams, A. Shahbandi, Z. L. Bunch, et al. [mBio 13(3):e00930-22, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.00930-22] explore quorum sensing as a mediator of S. hominis interbacterial communication that can reduce the virulence of pathogens.
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Severn MM, Williams MR, Shahbandi A, Bunch ZL, Lyon LM, Nguyen A, Zaramela LS, Todd DA, Zengler K, Cech NB, Gallo RL, Horswill AR. The Ubiquitous Human Skin Commensal Staphylococcus hominis Protects against Opportunistic Pathogens. mBio 2022; 13:e0093022. [PMID: 35608301 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00930-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus hominis is frequently isolated from human skin, and we hypothesize that it may protect the cutaneous barrier from opportunistic pathogens. We determined that S. hominis makes six unique autoinducing peptide (AIP) signals that inhibit the major virulence factor accessory gene regulator (agr) quorum sensing system of Staphylococcus aureus. We solved and confirmed the structures of three novel AIP signals in conditioned medium by mass spectrometry and then validated synthetic AIP activity against all S. aureus agr classes. Synthetic AIPs also inhibited the conserved agr system in a related species, Staphylococcus epidermidis. We determined the distribution of S. hominis agr types on healthy human skin and found S. hominis agr-I and agr-II were highly represented across subjects. Further, synthetic AIP-II was protective in vivo against S. aureus-associated dermonecrotic or epicutaneous injury. Together, these findings demonstrate that a ubiquitous colonizer of human skin has a fundamentally protective role against opportunistic damage. IMPORTANCE Human skin is home to a variety of commensal bacteria, including many species of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS). While it is well established that the microbiota as a whole maintains skin homeostasis and excludes pathogens (i.e., colonization resistance), relatively little is known about the unique contributions of individual CoNS species to these interactions. Staphylococcus hominis is the second most frequently isolated CoNS from healthy skin, and there is emerging evidence to suggest that it may play an important role in excluding pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, from colonizing or infecting the skin. Here, we identified that S. hominis makes 6 unique peptide inhibitors of the S. aureus global virulence factor regulation system (agr). Additionally, we found that one of these peptides can prevent topical or necrotic S. aureus skin injury in a mouse model. Our results demonstrate a specific and broadly protective role for this ubiquitous, yet underappreciated skin commensal.
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Zhang H, Zhu Y, Liu Z, Peng Y, Peng W, Tong L, Wang J, Liu Q, Wang P, Cheng G. A volatile from the skin microbiota of flavivirus-infected hosts promotes mosquito attractiveness. Cell 2022; 185:S0092-8674(22)00641-9. [PMID: 35777355 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The host-seeking activity of hematophagous arthropods is essential for arboviral transmission. Here, we demonstrate that mosquito-transmitted flaviviruses can manipulate host skin microbiota to produce a scent that attracts mosquitoes. We observed that Aedes mosquitoes preferred to seek and feed on mice infected by dengue and Zika viruses. Acetophenone, a volatile compound that is predominantly produced by the skin microbiota, was enriched in the volatiles from the infected hosts to potently stimulate mosquito olfaction for attractiveness. Of note, acetophenone emission was higher in dengue patients than in healthy people. Mechanistically, flaviviruses infection suppressed the expression of RELMα, an essential antimicrobial protein on host skin, thereby leading to the expansion of acetophenone-producing commensal bacteria and, consequently, a high acetophenone level. Given that RELMα can be specifically induced by a vitamin A derivative, the dietary administration of isotretinoin to flavivirus-infected animals interrupted flavivirus life cycle by reducing mosquito host-seeking activity, thus providing a strategy of arboviral control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Yibin Zhu
- Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Ziwen Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yongmei Peng
- Ruili Hospital of Chinese Medicine and Dai Medicine, Ruili, Yunnan 678600, China
| | - Wenyu Peng
- Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Liangqin Tong
- Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jinglin Wang
- Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Viral Disease Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China
| | - Qiyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Penghua Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Gong Cheng
- Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China.
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Schmid B, Künstner A, Fähnrich A, Bersuch E, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Busch H, Glatz M, Bosshard PP. Dysbiosis of Skin Microbiota with Increased Fungal Diversity is Associated with Severity of Disease in Atopic Dermatitis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022; 36:1811-1819. [PMID: 35729711 PMCID: PMC9545669 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifactorial inflammatory skin disease and an altered skin microbiota with an increase of Staphylococcus aureus has been reported. However, the role of fungi remains poorly investigated. Objectives We aimed to improve the understanding of the fungal skin microbiota, the mycobiota, in AD in relation to the bacterial colonization. Methods Skin swabs of 16 AD patients and 16 healthy controls (HC) from four different skin sites, that is antecubital crease, dorsal neck, glabella and vertex from multiple time points were analysed by DNA sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region 1 (ITS1) and 16S rRNA gene for fungi and bacteria, respectively. Results Malassezia spp. were the predominant fungi in all subjects but with a decreased dominance in severe AD patients in favour of non‐Malassezia fungi, for example Candida spp. For bacteria, a decrease of Cutibacterium spp. in AD patients in favour of Staphylococcus spp., particularly S. aureus, was observed. Further, both bacterial and fungal community compositions of severe AD patients significantly differed from mild‐to‐moderate AD patients and HC with the latter two having overall similar microbiota showing some distinctions in bacterial communities. Conclusions We conclude that severe AD is associated with a pronounced dysbiosis of the microbiota with increased fungal diversity. Potentially infectious agents, for example Staphylococcus and Candida, were increased in severe AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Schmid
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Künstner
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Luebeck, Germany
| | - A Fähnrich
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Luebeck, Germany
| | - E Bersuch
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P Schmid-Grendelmeier
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - H Busch
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Luebeck, Germany
| | - M Glatz
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P P Bosshard
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091, Zurich, Switzerland
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50
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Shao L, Jiang S, Li Y, Shi Y, Wang M, Liu T, Yang S, Ma L. Regular Late Bedtime Significantly Affects the Skin Physiological Characteristics and Skin Bacterial Microbiome. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2022; 15:1051-1063. [PMID: 35698548 PMCID: PMC9188400 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s364542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Late bedtime is a common form of unhealthy sleep pattern in adulthood, which influences circadian rhythm, and negatively affects health. However, little is known about the effect of regular late bedtime on skin characteristics, particularly on skin microbiome. Objective To investigate the changes and effects of the regular late bedtime on skin physiological parameters and facial bacterial microbiome of 219 cases of Chinese women aged 18-38 years living in Shanghai. Methods Based on the Self-Evaluation Questionnaire, bedtime was categorized as 11:00 PM; thus, the volunteers were divided into early bedtime group (S0) and late bedtime group (S1). The physiological parameters of facial skin were measured by non-invasive instrumental methods, and the skin microbiome was analyzed by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. Results The skin physiological parameters of the late bedtime group exhibited significant decrease in skin hydration content, skin firmness (F4) and elasticity (R2), while TEWL, sebum and wrinkle significantly increased. The result indicated that late bedtime significantly impaired the integrity of skin barrier, damaged skin structure, and disrupted water-oil balance. Furthermore, the analysis of α-diversity, Sobs, Ace and Chao index were found to significantly decrease (P < 0.05) in the late bedtime group, suggesting that late bedtime reduced both the abundance and the diversity of facial bacterial microbiota. Moreover, the abundance of Pseudomonas increased significantly, while Streptococcus, Stenotrophomonas, Acinetobacter, Haemophilus, Actinomyces and Neisseria decreased significantly. In addition, Spearman correlation analysis revealed strong correlations between the microbiota and the physiological parameters. Notably, the abundance of Pseudomonas significantly positively correlated with skin firmness and elasticity, but significantly negatively correlated with skin hemoglobin content, melanin content and skin hydration. Conclusion Bedtime is an important factor in maintaining skin health. Regular late bedtime not only damages the skin barrier and skin structure but also reduces the diversity and composition of facial bacterial microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shao
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Sujing Jiang
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- R&D Innovation Center, Shandong Freda Biotech Co., Ltd, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqin Shi
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,The Oriental Beauty Valley Research Institute, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Liu
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Suzhen Yang
- R&D Innovation Center, Shandong Freda Biotech Co., Ltd, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Laiji Ma
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,The Oriental Beauty Valley Research Institute, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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