1
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Kawasaki N, Yamashita-Kashima Y, Fujimura T, Yoshiura S, Harada N, Kondoh O, Yoshimura Y. Resistance to obinutuzumab-induced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity caused by abnormal Fas signaling is overcome by combination therapies. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:4421-4433. [PMID: 35218445 PMCID: PMC9262784 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07280-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Obinutuzumab, a Type II anti-CD20 antibody, is used to treat follicular lymphoma. A major mode of action of obinutuzumab is antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Knowledge of the mechanisms of resistance to obinutuzumab is important for the development of next-line strategies to follow obinutuzumab-containing therapy, including obinutuzumab retreatment. Unfortunately, the mechanisms by which tumor cells acquire resistance to ADCC are still poorly understood. To address this, we examined the mechanisms of resistance to obinutuzumab-induced ADCC and the combination efficacy of obinutuzumab and clinically available agents in the established resistant cells. Methods and results We established cells resistant to obinutuzumab-induced ADCC using the non-Hodgkin lymphoma cell line RL and examined their mechanisms of resistance and the combination efficacy of obinutuzumab and clinically available agents. Comprehensive analysis by RNA sequencing of resistance mechanisms revealed that abnormal Fas signaling decreased sensitivity to ADCC in resistant clones. Combination treatment with prednisolone, a component of CHOP and CVP, was found to enhance ADCC sensitivity of RL cells and resistant clones and to significantly suppress tumor growth in xenograft models. Treatment with prednisolone upregulated expression of CD20 and an apoptosis-inducing protein BIM, which might augment perforin/granzyme B-mediated cell death. Furthermore, pretreatment of the effector cells with bendamustine enhanced ADCC activity, and treatment with obinutuzumab plus bendamustine showed significant antitumor efficacy in xenograft models. It was speculated that bendamustine upregulates ADCC activity by potentiating granules-mediated cell killing. Conclusions Our study revealed a novel mechanism underlying obinutuzumab-induced ADCC resistance and indicated that ADCC resistance could be overcome by combining obinutuzumab with prednisolone or bendamustine. This study provides a scientific rationale for obinutuzumab-retreatment in combination with clinically available chemotherapeutic agents for obinutuzumab resistant follicular lymphoma. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11033-022-07280-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Kawasaki
- Product Research Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - Yoriko Yamashita-Kashima
- Product Research Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan.
| | - Takaaki Fujimura
- Product Research Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - Shigeki Yoshiura
- Product Research Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - Naoki Harada
- Product Research Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - Osamu Kondoh
- Product Research Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - Yasushi Yoshimura
- Product Research Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
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2
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Cascione L, Aresu L, Baudis M, Bertoni F. DNA Copy Number Changes in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphomas. Front Oncol 2020; 10:584095. [PMID: 33344238 PMCID: PMC7740002 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.584095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Copy number aberrations (CNV/CNA) represent a major contribution to the somatic mutation landscapes in cancers, and their identification can lead to the discovery of oncogenetic targets as well as improved disease (sub-) classification. Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common lymphoma in Western Countries and up to 40% of the affected individuals still succumb to the disease. DLBCL is an heterogenous group of disorders, and we call DLBCL today is not necessarily the same disease of a few years ago. This review focuses on types and frequencies of regional DNA CNVs in DLBCL, not otherwise specified, and in two particular conditions, the transformation from indolent lymphomas and the DLBCL in individuals with immunodeficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Cascione
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luca Aresu
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Michael Baudis
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Molecular Life Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Bertoni
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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3
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Zhu J, Yang Y, Tao J, Wang SL, Chen B, Dai JR, Hu C, Qi SN, Li YX. Association of progression-free or event-free survival with overall survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma after immunochemotherapy: a systematic review. Leukemia 2020; 34:2576-2591. [PMID: 32651542 PMCID: PMC7515849 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-0963-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
To investigate progression-free survival (PFS) and event-free survival (EFS) as early efficacy endpoints in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), this systematic review included phase III randomized controlled trials (RCTs), phase II trials, and retrospective studies in newly diagnosed DLBCL receiving rituximab-containing chemotherapy through databases search up to 2019. Quality control was performed, where studies with high risk of bias were excluded. Prediction models were first established using the RCTs, and then externally validated in the phase II and retrospective populations. Trial-level surrogacy analysis was conducted by correlating the logarithmic (log) hazard ratio (HR) for PFS or EFS and log HR for OS. Correlation analysis at treatment arm-level was performed between 1-, 2-, 3-, and 5-year PFS or EFS rates and 5-year OS. The correlation was evaluated using the Pearson correlation coefficient r in weighted linear regression, with weight equal to patient size. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the consistency of predictive model by leaving one subgroup of trials out at a time. Twenty-six phase III RCTs, 4 phase II trials and 47 retrospective studies were included. In trial-level surrogacy, PFS (r, 0.772; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.471-0.913) or EFS (r, 0.838; 95% CI, 0.625-0.938) were associated with OS. For rituximab immunochemotherapy treatment arms in RCTs, there was a linear correlation between 1 and 5-year PFS (r, 0.813-0.873) or EFS (r, 0.853-0.931) and 5-year OS. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated reasonable overall consistency. The correlation between PFS and OS was externally validated using independent phase II, and retrospective data (r, 0.795-0.897). We recommend PFS and EFS as earlier efficacy endpoints in patients with DLBCL primarily treated with rituximab-containing immunochemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhu
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Yong Yang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jin Tao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Lian Wang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Bo Chen
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Rong Dai
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chen Hu
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Shu-Nan Qi
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China.
| | - Ye-Xiong Li
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China.
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4
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Jain N, Hartert K, Tadros S, Fiskus W, Havranek O, Ma MCJ, Bouska A, Heavican T, Kumar D, Deng Q, Moore D, Pak C, Liu CL, Gentles AJ, Hartmann E, Kridel R, Smedby KE, Juliusson G, Rosenquist R, Gascoyne RD, Rosenwald A, Giancotti F, Neelapu SS, Westin J, Vose JM, Lunning MA, Greiner T, Rodig S, Iqbal J, Alizadeh AA, Davis RE, Bhalla K, Green MR. Targetable genetic alterations of TCF4 ( E2-2) drive immunoglobulin expression in diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/497/eaav5599. [PMID: 31217338 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aav5599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The activated B cell (ABC-like) subtype of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is characterized by chronic activation of signaling initiated by immunoglobulin μ (IgM). By analyzing the DNA copy number profiles of 1000 DLBCL tumors, we identified gains of 18q21.2 as the most frequent genetic alteration in ABC-like DLBCL. Using integrative analysis of matched gene expression profiling data, we found that the TCF4 (E2-2) transcription factor gene was the target of these alterations. Overexpression of TCF4 in ABC-like DLBCL cell lines led to its occupancy on immunoglobulin (IGHM) and MYC gene enhancers and increased expression of these genes at the transcript and protein levels. Inhibition of TCF4 activity with dominant-negative constructs was synthetically lethal to ABC-like DLBCL cell lines harboring TCF4 DNA copy gains, highlighting these gains as an attractive potential therapeutic target. Furthermore, the TCF4 gene was one of the top BRD4-regulated genes in DLBCL cell lines. BET proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) ARV771 extinguished TCF4, MYC, and IgM expression and killed ABC-like DLBCL cells in vitro. In DLBCL xenograft models, ARV771 treatment reduced tumor growth and prolonged survival. This work highlights a genetic mechanism for promoting immunoglobulin signaling in ABC-like DLBCL and provides a functional rationale for the use of BET inhibitors in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Jain
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Keenan Hartert
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Saber Tadros
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Warren Fiskus
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ondrej Havranek
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Man Chun John Ma
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alyssa Bouska
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Tayla Heavican
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Dhiraj Kumar
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Qing Deng
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dalia Moore
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Christine Pak
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chih Long Liu
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Andrew J Gentles
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Elena Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg 97080, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Wurzburg 97080, Germany
| | - Robert Kridel
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Karin Ekstrom Smedby
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, and Hematology Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Juliusson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden
| | - Richard Rosenquist
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden
| | - Randy D Gascoyne
- Center for Lymphoid Cancer, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Andreas Rosenwald
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg 97080, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Wurzburg 97080, Germany
| | - Filippo Giancotti
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sattva S Neelapu
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jason Westin
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Julie M Vose
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Matthew A Lunning
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Timothy Greiner
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Scott Rodig
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Javeed Iqbal
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Ash A Alizadeh
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - R Eric Davis
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kapil Bhalla
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael R Green
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA. .,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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5
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Mareschal S, Ruminy P, Alcantara M, Villenet C, Figeac M, Dubois S, Bertrand P, Bouzelfen A, Viailly PJ, Penther D, Tilly H, Bastard C, Jardin F. Application of the cghRA framework to the genomic characterization of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Bioinformatics 2018; 33:2977-2985. [PMID: 28481978 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btx309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation Although sequencing-based technologies are becoming the new reference in genome analysis, comparative genomic hybridization arrays (aCGH) still constitute a simple and reliable approach for copy number analysis. The most powerful algorithms to analyze such data have been freely provided by the scientific community for many years, but combining them is a complex scripting task. Results The cghRA framework combines a user-friendly graphical interface and a powerful object-oriented command-line interface to handle a full aCGH analysis, as is illustrated in an original series of 107 Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphomas. New algorithms for copy-number calling, polymorphism detection and minimal common region prioritization were also developed and validated. While their performances will only be demonstrated with aCGH, these algorithms could actually prove useful to any copy-number analysis, whatever the technique used. Availability and implementation R package and source for Linux, MS Windows and MacOS are freely available at http://bioinformatics.ovsa.fr/cghRA. Contact mareschal@ovsa.fr or fabrice.jardin@chb.unicancer.fr. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Mareschal
- INSERM U1245 Team "Genomics and Biomarkers in Lymphoma and Solid Tumors," Centre Henri Becquerel, 76000 Rouen, France.,Normandie Université, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Philippe Ruminy
- INSERM U1245 Team "Genomics and Biomarkers in Lymphoma and Solid Tumors," Centre Henri Becquerel, 76000 Rouen, France.,Normandie Université, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Marion Alcantara
- INSERM U1245 Team "Genomics and Biomarkers in Lymphoma and Solid Tumors," Centre Henri Becquerel, 76000 Rouen, France.,Normandie Université, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Céline Villenet
- Plate-Forme de Génomique Fonctionnelle et Structurale, Université de Lille II, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Martin Figeac
- Plate-Forme de Génomique Fonctionnelle et Structurale, Université de Lille II, 59000 Lille, France.,Cellule de Bioinformatique du Plateau Commun de Séquençage, CHRU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Sydney Dubois
- INSERM U1245 Team "Genomics and Biomarkers in Lymphoma and Solid Tumors," Centre Henri Becquerel, 76000 Rouen, France.,Normandie Université, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Philippe Bertrand
- INSERM U1245 Team "Genomics and Biomarkers in Lymphoma and Solid Tumors," Centre Henri Becquerel, 76000 Rouen, France.,Normandie Université, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Abdelilah Bouzelfen
- INSERM U1245 Team "Genomics and Biomarkers in Lymphoma and Solid Tumors," Centre Henri Becquerel, 76000 Rouen, France.,Normandie Université, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Pierre-Julien Viailly
- INSERM U1245 Team "Genomics and Biomarkers in Lymphoma and Solid Tumors," Centre Henri Becquerel, 76000 Rouen, France.,Normandie Université, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Dominique Penther
- INSERM U1245 Team "Genomics and Biomarkers in Lymphoma and Solid Tumors," Centre Henri Becquerel, 76000 Rouen, France.,Normandie Université, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Hervé Tilly
- INSERM U1245 Team "Genomics and Biomarkers in Lymphoma and Solid Tumors," Centre Henri Becquerel, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Christian Bastard
- INSERM U1245 Team "Genomics and Biomarkers in Lymphoma and Solid Tumors," Centre Henri Becquerel, 76000 Rouen, France.,Normandie Université, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Fabrice Jardin
- INSERM U1245 Team "Genomics and Biomarkers in Lymphoma and Solid Tumors," Centre Henri Becquerel, 76000 Rouen, France.,Normandie Université, 14000 Caen, France
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6
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Karube K, Enjuanes A, Dlouhy I, Jares P, Martin-Garcia D, Nadeu F, Ordóñez GR, Rovira J, Clot G, Royo C, Navarro A, Gonzalez-Farre B, Vaghefi A, Castellano G, Rubio-Perez C, Tamborero D, Briones J, Salar A, Sancho JM, Mercadal S, Gonzalez-Barca E, Escoda L, Miyoshi H, Ohshima K, Miyawaki K, Kato K, Akashi K, Mozos A, Colomo L, Alcoceba M, Valera A, Carrió A, Costa D, Lopez-Bigas N, Schmitz R, Staudt LM, Salaverria I, López-Guillermo A, Campo E. Integrating genomic alterations in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma identifies new relevant pathways and potential therapeutic targets. Leukemia 2017; 32:675-684. [PMID: 28804123 PMCID: PMC5843901 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Genome studies of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) have revealed a large number of somatic mutations and structural alterations. However, the clinical significance of these alterations is still not well defined. In this study, we have integrated the analysis of targeted next-generation sequencing of 106 genes and genomic copy number alterations (CNA) in 150 DLBCL. The clinically significant findings were validated in an independent cohort of 111 patients. Germinal center B-cell and activated B-cell DLBCL had a differential profile of mutations, altered pathogenic pathways and CNA. Mutations in genes of the NOTCH pathway and tumor suppressor genes (TP53/CDKN2A), but not individual genes, conferred an unfavorable prognosis, confirmed in the independent validation cohort. A gene expression profiling analysis showed that tumors with NOTCH pathway mutations had a significant modulation of downstream target genes, emphasizing the relevance of this pathway in DLBCL. An in silico drug discovery analysis recognized 69 (46%) cases carrying at least one genomic alteration considered a potential target of drug response according to early clinical trials or preclinical assays in DLBCL or other lymphomas. In conclusion, this study identifies relevant pathways and mutated genes in DLBCL and recognizes potential targets for new intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Karube
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Japan
| | - A Enjuanes
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Dlouhy
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Jares
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Martin-Garcia
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Nadeu
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - J Rovira
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Clot
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Royo
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Navarro
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - B Gonzalez-Farre
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Vaghefi
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Castellano
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Rubio-Perez
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Research Unit on Biomedical Informatics, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Tamborero
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Research Unit on Biomedical Informatics, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Briones
- Servei de Patologia, Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Salar
- Department of Pathology, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J M Sancho
- ICO-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Mercadal
- ICO-Hospital Duran i Reynals, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - L Escoda
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - H Miyoshi
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - K Ohshima
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - K Miyawaki
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - K Kato
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - K Akashi
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - A Mozos
- Servei de Patologia, Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Colomo
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Alcoceba
- CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain.,Unidad de Biología Molecular/Histocompatibilidad, Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - A Valera
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Carrió
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Costa
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - N Lopez-Bigas
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Research Unit on Biomedical Informatics, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Schmitz
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - L M Staudt
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - I Salaverria
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - A López-Guillermo
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Campo
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
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7
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Adult high-grade B-cell lymphoma with Burkitt lymphoma signature: genomic features and potential therapeutic targets. Blood 2017; 130:1819-1831. [PMID: 28801451 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-02-767335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The adult high-grade B-cell lymphomas sharing molecular features with Burkitt lymphoma (BL) are highly aggressive lymphomas with poor clinical outcome. High-resolution structural and functional genomic analysis of adult Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and high-grade B-cell lymphoma with BL gene signature (adult-molecularly defined BL [mBL]) revealed the MYC-ARF-p53 axis as the primary deregulated pathway. Adult-mBL had either unique or more frequent genomic aberrations (del13q14, del17p, gain8q24, and gain18q21) compared with pediatric-mBL, but shared commonly mutated genes. Mutations in genes promoting the tonic B-cell receptor (BCR)→PI3K pathway (TCF3 and ID3) did not differ by age, whereas effectors of chronic BCR→NF-κB signaling were associated with adult-mBL. A subset of adult-mBL had BCL2 translocation and mutation and elevated BCL2 mRNA and protein expression, but had a mutation profile similar to mBL. These double-hit lymphomas may have arisen from a tumor precursor that acquired both BCL2 and MYC translocations and/or KMT2D (MLL2) mutation. Gain/amplification of MIR17HG and its paralogue loci was observed in 50% of adult-mBL. In vitro studies suggested miR-17∼92's role in constitutive activation of BCR signaling and sensitivity to ibrutinib. Overall integrative analysis identified an interrelated gene network affected by copy number and mutation, leading to disruption of the p53 pathway and the BCR→PI3K or NF-κB activation, which can be further exploited in vivo by small-molecule inhibitors for effective therapy in adult-mBL.
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8
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Coiffier B, Sarkozy C. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: R-CHOP failure-what to do? HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2016; 2016:366-378. [PMID: 27913503 PMCID: PMC6142522 DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2016.1.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Although rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) is the standard treatment for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), ∼30% to 50% of patients are not cured by this treatment, depending on disease stage or prognostic index. Among patients for whom R-CHOP therapy fails, 20% suffer from primary refractory disease (progress during or right after treatment) whereas 30% relapse after achieving complete remission (CR). Currently, there is no good definition enabling us to identify these 2 groups upon diagnosis. Most of the refractory patients exhibit double-hit lymphoma (MYC-BCL2 rearrangement) or double-protein-expression lymphoma (MYC-BCL2 hyperexpression) which have a more aggressive clinical picture. New strategies are currently being explored to obtain better CR rates and fewer relapses. Although young relapsing patients are treated with high-dose therapy followed by autologous transplant, there is an unmet need for better salvage regimens in this setting. To prevent relapse, maintenance therapy with immunomodulatory agents such as lenalidomide is currently undergoing investigation. New drugs will most likely be introduced over the next few years and will probably be different for relapsing and refractory patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Coiffier
- Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Clémentine Sarkozy
- Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
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9
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Jamil MO, Mehta A. Diffuse Large B-cell lymphoma: Prognostic markers and their impact on therapy. Expert Rev Hematol 2016; 9:471-7. [PMID: 26808217 DOI: 10.1586/17474086.2016.1146584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). DLBCL is clinically, pathologically and molecularly heterogeneous disease. Various clinical, pathological and molecular markers have been developed to characterize the disease. Based on these characterizations, new targeted agents are being investigated to optimize the treatment and improve the outcomes of DLBCL. Enhanced molecular understanding, invention of targeted agents and immunotherapy has opened the doors for improvement in the treatment of DLBCL. In this review, we will discuss various prognostic markers of DLBCL and their potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad O Jamil
- a Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine , University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham , AL , USA
| | - Amitkumar Mehta
- a Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine , University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham , AL , USA
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10
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Rancoita PM, Zaffalon M, Zucca E, Bertoni F, de Campos CP. Bayesian network data imputation with application to survival tree analysis. Comput Stat Data Anal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.csda.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Song J, Shao H. SNP Array in Hematopoietic Neoplasms: A Review. MICROARRAYS 2015; 5:microarrays5010001. [PMID: 27600067 PMCID: PMC5003446 DOI: 10.3390/microarrays5010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Cytogenetic analysis is essential for the diagnosis and prognosis of hematopoietic neoplasms in current clinical practice. Many hematopoietic malignancies are characterized by structural chromosomal abnormalities such as specific translocations, inversions, deletions and/or numerical abnormalities that can be identified by karyotype analysis or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) studies. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays offer high-resolution identification of copy number variants (CNVs) and acquired copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity (LOH)/uniparental disomy (UPD) that are usually not identifiable by conventional cytogenetic analysis and FISH studies. As a result, SNP arrays have been increasingly applied to hematopoietic neoplasms to search for clinically-significant genetic abnormalities. A large numbers of CNVs and UPDs have been identified in a variety of hematopoietic neoplasms. CNVs detected by SNP array in some hematopoietic neoplasms are of prognostic significance. A few specific genes in the affected regions have been implicated in the pathogenesis and may be the targets for specific therapeutic agents in the future. In this review, we summarize the current findings of application of SNP arrays in a variety of hematopoietic malignancies with an emphasis on the clinically significant genetic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Song
- Department of Hematopathology and Laboratory Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| | - Haipeng Shao
- Department of Hematopathology and Laboratory Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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12
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Dias LM, Thodima V, Friedman J, Ma C, Guttapalli A, Mendiratta G, Siddiqi IN, Syrbu S, Chaganti RSK, Houldsworth J. Cross-platform assessment of genomic imbalance confirms the clinical relevance of genomic complexity and reveals loci with potential pathogenic roles in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2015; 57:899-908. [PMID: 26294112 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2015.1080364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Genomic copy number alterations (CNAs) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) have roles in disease pathogenesis, but overall clinical relevance remains unclear. Herein, an unbiased algorithm was uniformly applied across three genome profiling datasets comprising 392 newly-diagnosed DLBCL specimens that defined 32 overlapping CNAs, involving 36 minimal common regions (MCRs). Scoring criteria were established for 50 aberrations within the MCRs while considering peak gains/losses. Application of these criteria to independent datasets revealed novel candidate genes with coordinated expression, such as CNOT2, potentially with pathogenic roles. No one single aberration significantly associated with patient outcome across datasets, but genomic complexity, defined by imbalance in more than one MCR, significantly portended adverse outcome in two of three independent datasets. Thus, the standardized scoring of CNAs currently developed can be uniformly applied across platforms, affording robust validation of genomic imbalance and complexity in DLBCL and overall clinical utility as biomarkers of patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Charles Ma
- a Cancer Genetics, Inc. , Rutherford , NJ , USA
| | | | | | - Imran N Siddiqi
- b Hematopathology Section , University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine , CA , USA
| | - Sergei Syrbu
- c Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | - R S K Chaganti
- d Cell Biology Program , Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York , NY , USA ;,e Department of Medicine , Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York , NY , USA
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13
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Sebastián E, Alcoceba M, Martín-García D, Blanco Ó, Sanchez-Barba M, Balanzategui A, Marín L, Montes-Moreno S, González-Barca E, Pardal E, Jiménez C, García-Álvarez M, Clot G, Carracedo Á, Gutiérrez NC, Sarasquete ME, Chillón C, Corral R, Prieto-Conde MI, Caballero MD, Salaverria I, García-Sanz R, González M. High-resolution copy number analysis of paired normal-tumor samples from diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Ann Hematol 2015; 95:253-62. [PMID: 26573278 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-015-2552-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Copy number analysis can be useful for assessing prognosis in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We analyzed copy number data from tumor samples of 60 patients diagnosed with DLBCL de novo and their matched normal samples. We detected 63 recurrent copy number alterations (CNAs), including 33 gains, 30 losses, and nine recurrent acquired copy number neutral loss of heterozygosity (CNN-LOH). Interestingly, 20 % of cases acquired CNN-LOH of 6p21 locus, which involves the HLA region. In normal cells, there were no CNAs but we observed CNN-LOH involving some key lymphoma regions such as 6p21 and 9p24.1 (5 %) and 17p13.1 (2.5 %) in DLBCL patients. Furthermore, a model with some specific CNA was able to predict the subtype of DLBCL, 1p36.32 and 10q23.31 losses being restricted to germinal center B cell-like (GCB) DLBCL. In contrast, 8p23.3 losses and 11q24.3 gains were strongly associated with the non-GCB subtype. A poor prognosis was associated with biallelic inactivation of TP53 or 18p11.32 losses, while prognosis was better in cases carrying 11q24.3 gains. In summary, CNA abnormalities identify specific DLBCL groups, and we describe CNN-LOH in germline cells from DLBCL patients that are associated with genes that probably play a key role in DLBCL development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Sebastián
- Molecular Biology & Histocompatibility Unit, Department of Hematology, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente, 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Spanish Lymphoma/Autologous Bone Marrow Transplant Study Group (GELTAMO), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Miguel Alcoceba
- Molecular Biology & Histocompatibility Unit, Department of Hematology, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente, 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Spanish Lymphoma/Autologous Bone Marrow Transplant Study Group (GELTAMO), Salamanca, Spain
| | - David Martín-García
- Hematopathology Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Óscar Blanco
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Ana Balanzategui
- Molecular Biology & Histocompatibility Unit, Department of Hematology, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente, 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luis Marín
- Molecular Biology & Histocompatibility Unit, Department of Hematology, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente, 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Santiago Montes-Moreno
- Spanish Lymphoma/Autologous Bone Marrow Transplant Study Group (GELTAMO), Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Marqués de Valdecilla/IFIMAV, Santander, Spain
| | - Eva González-Barca
- Spanish Lymphoma/Autologous Bone Marrow Transplant Study Group (GELTAMO), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Emilia Pardal
- Spanish Lymphoma/Autologous Bone Marrow Transplant Study Group (GELTAMO), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Cristina Jiménez
- Molecular Biology & Histocompatibility Unit, Department of Hematology, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente, 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María García-Álvarez
- Molecular Biology & Histocompatibility Unit, Department of Hematology, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente, 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Guillem Clot
- Hematopathology Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ángel Carracedo
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, IDIS, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, CIBERER, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Norma C Gutiérrez
- Molecular Biology & Histocompatibility Unit, Department of Hematology, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente, 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - M Eugenia Sarasquete
- Molecular Biology & Histocompatibility Unit, Department of Hematology, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente, 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carmen Chillón
- Molecular Biology & Histocompatibility Unit, Department of Hematology, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente, 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rocío Corral
- Molecular Biology & Histocompatibility Unit, Department of Hematology, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente, 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - M Isabel Prieto-Conde
- Molecular Biology & Histocompatibility Unit, Department of Hematology, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente, 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - M Dolores Caballero
- Molecular Biology & Histocompatibility Unit, Department of Hematology, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente, 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Spanish Lymphoma/Autologous Bone Marrow Transplant Study Group (GELTAMO), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Itziar Salaverria
- Hematopathology Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón García-Sanz
- Molecular Biology & Histocompatibility Unit, Department of Hematology, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente, 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.
- Spanish Lymphoma/Autologous Bone Marrow Transplant Study Group (GELTAMO), Salamanca, Spain.
- Center for Cancer Research (CIC, IBMCC-USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Marcos González
- Molecular Biology & Histocompatibility Unit, Department of Hematology, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente, 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Center for Cancer Research (CIC, IBMCC-USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
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14
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Etebari M, Navari M, Piccaluga PP. SNPs Array Karyotyping in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. MICROARRAYS 2015; 4:551-69. [PMID: 27600240 PMCID: PMC4996401 DOI: 10.3390/microarrays4040551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The traditional methods for detection of chromosomal aberrations, which included cytogenetic or gene candidate solutions, suffered from low sensitivity or the need for previous knowledge of the target regions of the genome. With the advent of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays, genome screening at global level in order to find chromosomal aberrations like copy number variants, DNA amplifications, deletions, and also loss of heterozygosity became feasible. In this review, we present an update of the knowledge, gained by SNPs arrays, of the genomic complexity of the most important subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Etebari
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine; Hematopathology Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna 40138, Italy.
| | - Mohsen Navari
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine; Hematopathology Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna 40138, Italy.
| | - Pier Paolo Piccaluga
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine; Hematopathology Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna 40138, Italy.
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15
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Integrin-specific hydrogels as adaptable tumor organoids for malignant B and T cells. Biomaterials 2015; 73:110-9. [PMID: 26406451 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders of B and T cell origin that are treated with chemotherapy drugs with variable success rate that has virtually not changed over decades. Although new classes of chemotherapy-free epigenetic and metabolic drugs have emerged, durable responses to these conventional and new therapies are achieved in a fraction of cancer patients, with many individuals experiencing resistance to the drugs. The paucity in our understanding of what regulates the drug resistance phenotype and establishing a predictive indicator is, in great part, due to the lack of adequate ex vivo lymphoma models to accurately study the effect of microenvironmental cues in which malignant B and T cell lymphoma cells arise and reside. Unlike many other tumors, lymphomas have been neglected from biomaterials-based microenvironment engineering standpoint. In this study, we demonstrate that B and T cell lymphomas have different pro-survival integrin signaling requirements (αvβ3 and α4β1) and the presence of supporting follicular dendritic cells are critical for enhanced proliferation in three-dimensional (3D) microenvironments. We engineered adaptable 3D tumor organoids presenting adhesive peptides with distinct integrin specificities to B and T cell lymphoma cells that resulted in enhanced proliferation, clustering, and drug resistance to the chemotherapeutics and a new class of histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), Panobinostat. In Diffuse Large B cell Lymphomas, the 3D microenvironment upregulated the expression level of B cell receptor (BCR), which supported the survival of B cell lymphomas through a tyrosine kinase Syk in the upstream BCR pathway. Our integrin specific ligand functionalized 3D organoids mimic a lymphoid neoplasm-like heterogeneous microenvironment that could, in the long term, change the understanding of the initiation and progression of hematological tumors, allow primary biospecimen analysis, provide prognostic values, and importantly, allow a faster and more rational screening and translation of therapeutic regimens.
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16
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Sitko VV, Misharina JA, Minchenko JM, Poluben LO, Dmitrenko OO, Silaiev YO, Kostyukova NI, Tkachenko OV, Tovstogan AO, Polyanska VM, Lyashenko LO, Bebeshko VG. 13q Deletions detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization for diagnosis and prognosis of chronic lymphoproliferative neoplasms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.7124/bc.0008e3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. V. Sitko
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, NAMS of Ukraine
| | | | - J. M. Minchenko
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, NAMS of Ukraine
| | - L. O. Poluben
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, NAMS of Ukraine
| | - O. O. Dmitrenko
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, NAMS of Ukraine
| | - Y. O. Silaiev
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, NAMS of Ukraine
| | - N. I. Kostyukova
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, NAMS of Ukraine
| | - O. V. Tkachenko
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, NAMS of Ukraine
| | - A. O. Tovstogan
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, NAMS of Ukraine
| | - V. M. Polyanska
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, NAMS of Ukraine
| | - L. O. Lyashenko
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, NAMS of Ukraine
| | - V. G. Bebeshko
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, NAMS of Ukraine
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17
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Testoni M, Zucca E, Young KH, Bertoni F. Genetic lesions in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Ann Oncol 2015; 26:1069-1080. [PMID: 25605746 PMCID: PMC4542576 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common lymphoma in adults, accounting for 35%-40% of all cases. The combination of the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab with anthracycline-based combination chemotherapy (R-CHOP, rituximab with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone) lead to complete remission in most and can cure more than half of patients with DLBCL. The diversity in clinical presentation, as well as the pathologic and biologic heterogeneity, suggests that DLBCL comprises several disease entities that might ultimately benefit from different therapeutic approaches. In this review, we summarize the current literature focusing on the genetic lesions identified in DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Testoni
- Lymphoma and Genomics Research Program, IOR Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona
| | - E Zucca
- Lymphoma Unit, IOSI Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - K H Young
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - F Bertoni
- Lymphoma and Genomics Research Program, IOR Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona; Lymphoma Unit, IOSI Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
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18
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Scholtysik R, Kreuz M, Hummel M, Rosolowski M, Szczepanowski M, Klapper W, Loeffler M, Trümper L, Siebert R, Küppers R. Characterization of genomic imbalances in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by detailed SNP-chip analysis. Int J Cancer 2014; 136:1033-42. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- René Scholtysik
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen; Essen Germany
| | - Markus Kreuz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - Michael Hummel
- Institute of Pathology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin; Berlin Germany
| | - Maciej Rosolowski
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - Monika Szczepanowski
- Department of Pathology; Hematopathology Section and Lymph Node Registry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - Wolfram Klapper
- Department of Pathology; Hematopathology Section and Lymph Node Registry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - Markus Loeffler
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - Lorenz Trümper
- Department of Hematology/Oncology; University Hospital Göttingen; Göttingen Germany
| | - Reiner Siebert
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel & University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - Ralf Küppers
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen; Essen Germany
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19
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Green MR, Vicente-Dueñas C, Romero-Camarero I, Long Liu C, Dai B, González-Herrero I, García-Ramírez I, Alonso-Escudero E, Iqbal J, Chan WC, Campos-Sanchez E, Orfao A, Pintado B, Flores T, Blanco O, Jiménez R, Martínez-Climent JA, Criado FJG, Cenador MBG, Zhao S, Natkunam Y, Lossos IS, Majeti R, Melnick A, Cobaleda C, Alizadeh AA, Sánchez-García I. Transient expression of Bcl6 is sufficient for oncogenic function and induction of mature B-cell lymphoma. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3904. [PMID: 24887457 PMCID: PMC4321731 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common lymphoma and can be separated into two subtypes based upon molecular features with similarities to germinal centre B-cells (GCB-like) or activated B-cells (ABC-like). Here we identify gain of 3q27.2 as being significantly associated with adverse outcome in DLBCL and linked with the ABC-like subtype. This lesion includes the BCL6 oncogene, but does not alter BCL6 transcript levels or target-gene repression. Separately, we identify expression of BCL6 in a subset of human haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). We therefore hypothesize that BCL6 may act by 'hit-and-run' oncogenesis. We model this hit-and-run mechanism by transiently expressing Bcl6 within murine HSPCs, and find that it causes mature B-cell lymphomas that lack Bcl6 expression and target-gene repression, are transcriptionally similar to post-GCB cells, and show epigenetic changes that are conserved from HSPCs to mature B-cells. Together, these results suggest that BCL6 may function in a 'hit-and-run' role in lymphomagenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- B-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use
- DNA Copy Number Variations
- DNA Methylation
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Doxorubicin/therapeutic use
- Epigenesis, Genetic
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Humans
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Phenotype
- Prednisone/therapeutic use
- Prognosis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6
- Rituximab
- Vincristine/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Green
- 1] Divisions of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA [2]
| | - Carolina Vicente-Dueñas
- 1] Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca, Campus M. de Unamuno s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain [2] Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain [3]
| | - Isabel Romero-Camarero
- 1] Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca, Campus M. de Unamuno s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain [2] Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Chih Long Liu
- Divisions of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Bo Dai
- Divisions of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Inés González-Herrero
- 1] Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca, Campus M. de Unamuno s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain [2] Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Idoia García-Ramírez
- 1] Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca, Campus M. de Unamuno s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain [2] Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Esther Alonso-Escudero
- 1] Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca, Campus M. de Unamuno s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain [2] Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Javeed Iqbal
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA
| | - Wing C Chan
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA
| | - Elena Campos-Sanchez
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Nicolás Cabrera, n° 1, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Orfao
- Servicio de Citometría and Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Belén Pintado
- Genetically Engineered Mouse Facility, CNB-CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Flores
- 1] Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain [2] Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Oscar Blanco
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rafael Jiménez
- 1] Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain [2] Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus M. Unamuno s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jose Angel Martínez-Climent
- Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | | | | | - Shuchun Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, 94305 USA
| | - Yasodha Natkunam
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, 94305 USA
| | - Izidore S Lossos
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Miami, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
| | - Ravindra Majeti
- Divisions of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Ari Melnick
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | - César Cobaleda
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Nicolás Cabrera, n° 1, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ash A Alizadeh
- 1] Divisions of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA [2]
| | - Isidro Sánchez-García
- 1] Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca, Campus M. de Unamuno s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain [2] Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain [3]
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20
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de Campos CP, Rancoita PMV, Kwee I, Zucca E, Zaffalon M, Bertoni F. Discovering subgroups of patients from DNA copy number data using NMF on compacted matrices. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79720. [PMID: 24278162 PMCID: PMC3835832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the study of complex genetic diseases, the identification of subgroups of patients sharing similar genetic characteristics represents a challenging task, for example, to improve treatment decision. One type of genetic lesion, frequently investigated in such disorders, is the change of the DNA copy number (CN) at specific genomic traits. Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) is a standard technique to reduce the dimensionality of a data set and to cluster data samples, while keeping its most relevant information in meaningful components. Thus, it can be used to discover subgroups of patients from CN profiles. It is however computationally impractical for very high dimensional data, such as CN microarray data. Deciding the most suitable number of subgroups is also a challenging problem. The aim of this work is to derive a procedure to compact high dimensional data, in order to improve NMF applicability without compromising the quality of the clustering. This is particularly important for analyzing high-resolution microarray data. Many commonly used quality measures, as well as our own measures, are employed to decide the number of subgroups and to assess the quality of the results. Our measures are based on the idea of identifying robust subgroups, inspired by biologically/clinically relevance instead of simply aiming at well-separated clusters. We evaluate our procedure using four real independent data sets. In these data sets, our method was able to find accurate subgroups with individual molecular and clinical features and outperformed the standard NMF in terms of accuracy in the factorization fitness function. Hence, it can be useful for the discovery of subgroups of patients with similar CN profiles in the study of heterogeneous diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassio P. de Campos
- Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence (IDSIA), Manno, Switzerland
- Lymphoma and Genomics Research Program, Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Bellinzona, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Paola M. V. Rancoita
- Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence (IDSIA), Manno, Switzerland
- Lymphoma and Genomics Research Program, Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Bellinzona, Switzerland
- University Centre of Statistics for Biomedical Sciences (CUSSB), Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Ivo Kwee
- Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence (IDSIA), Manno, Switzerland
- Lymphoma and Genomics Research Program, Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emanuele Zucca
- Lymphoma Unit, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Marco Zaffalon
- Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence (IDSIA), Manno, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Bertoni
- Lymphoma and Genomics Research Program, Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Lymphoma Unit, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland
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21
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Two main genetic pathways lead to the transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia to Richter syndrome. Blood 2013; 122:2673-82. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2013-03-489518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Key Points
Richter syndrome has genomic complexity intermediate between chronic lymphocytic leukemia and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Inactivation of TP53 and of CDKN2A is a main mechanism in the transformation to Richter syndrome.
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22
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Kim S, Kim H, Kang H, Kim J, Eom H, Kim T, Yoon SS, Suh C, Lee D. Clinical significance of cytogenetic aberrations in bone marrow of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: prognostic significance and relevance to histologic involvement. J Hematol Oncol 2013; 6:76. [PMID: 24220305 PMCID: PMC3851800 DOI: 10.1186/1756-8722-6-76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although knowledge of the genetics of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has been increasing, little is known about the characteristics and prognostic significance of cytogenetic abnormalities and the clinical utility of cytogenetic studies performed on bone marrow (BM) specimens. To investigate the significance of isolated cytogenetic aberrations in the absence of histologic BM involvement, we assessed the implication of cytogenetic staging and prognostic stratification by a retrospective multicenter analysis of newly diagnosed DLBCL patients. Methods We analyzed cytogenetic and clinical data from 1585 DLBCL patients whose BM aspirates had been subjected to conventional karyotyping for staging. If available, interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) data were also collected from patients. Results Histologic BM involvement were found in 259/1585 (16.3%) patients and chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 192 (12.1%) patients (54 patients with single abnormalities and 138 patients with 2 or more abnormalities). Isolated cytogenetic aberrations (2 or more abnormalities) without histologic involvement were found in 21 patients (1.3%). Two or more cytogenetic abnormalities were associated with inferior overall survival (OS) compared with a normal karyotype or single abnormality in both patients with histologic BM involvement (5-year OS, 16.5% vs. 52.7%; P < 0.001) and those without BM involvement (31.8% vs. 66.5%; P < 0.001). This result demonstrated that BM cytogenetic results have a significant prognostic impact that is independent of BM histology. The following abnormalities were most frequently observed: rearrangements involving 14q32, 19q13, 19p13, 1p, 3q27, and 8q24; del(6q); dup(1q); and trisomy 18. In univariate analysis, several specific abnormalities including abnormalities at 16q22-q24, 6p21-p25, 12q22-q24, and -17 were associated with poor prognosis. Multivariate analyses performed for patients who had either chromosomal abnormalities or histologic BM involvement, revealed IPI high risk, ≥ 2 cytogenetic abnormalities, and several specific chromosomal abnormalities, including abnormalities at 19p13, 12q22-q24, 8q24, and 19q13 were significantly associated with a worse prognosis. Conclusions We suggest that isolated cytogenetic aberrations can be regarded as BM involvement and cytogenetic evaluation of BM improves staging accuracy along with prognostic information for DLBCL patients.
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23
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Genome-wide copy-number analyses reveal genomic abnormalities involved in transformation of follicular lymphoma. Blood 2013; 123:1681-90. [PMID: 24037725 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2013-05-500595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Follicular lymphoma (FL), the second most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the western world, is characterized by the t(14;18) translocation, which is present in up to 90% of cases. We studied 277 lymphoma samples (198 FL and 79 transformed FL [tFL]) using a single-nucleotide polymorphism array to identify the secondary chromosomal abnormalities that drive the development of FL and its transformation to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Common recurrent chromosomal abnormalities in FL included gains of 2, 5, 7, 6p, 8, 12, 17q, 18, 21, and X and losses on 6q and 17p. We also observed many frequent small abnormalities, including losses of 1p36.33-p36.31, 6q23.3-q24.1, and 10q23.1-q25.1 and gains of 2p16.1-p15, 8q24.13-q24.3, and 12q12-q13.13, and identified candidate genes that may be driving this selection. Recurrent abnormalities more frequent in tFL samples included gains of 3q27.3-q28 and chromosome 11 and losses of 9p21.3 and 15q. Four abnormalities, gain of X or Xp and losses of 6q23.2-24.1 or 6q13-15, predicted overall survival. Abnormalities associated with transformation of the disease likely impair immune surveillance, activate the nuclear factor-κB pathway, and deregulate p53 and B-cell transcription factors.
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24
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Deregulation of ETS1 and FLI1 contributes to the pathogenesis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Blood 2013; 122:2233-41. [PMID: 23926301 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2013-01-475772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common form of human lymphoma. DLBCL is a heterogeneous disease characterized by different genetic lesions. We herein report the functional characterization of a recurrent gain mapping on chromosome 11q24.3, found in 23% of 166 DLBCL cases analyzed. The transcription factors ETS1 and FLI1, located within the 11q24.3 region, had significantly higher expression in clinical samples carrying the gain. Functional studies on cell lines showed that ETS1 and FLI1 cooperate in sustaining DLBCL proliferation and viability and regulate genes involved in germinal center differentiation. Taken together, these data identify the 11q24.3 gain as a recurrent lesion in DLBCL leading to ETS1 and FLI1 deregulated expression, which can contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease.
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25
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Bertrand P, Maingonnat C, Penther D, Guney S, Ruminy P, Picquenot JM, Mareschal S, Alcantara M, Bouzelfen A, Dubois S, Figeac M, Bastard C, Tilly H, Jardin F. The costimulatory molecule CD70 is regulated by distinct molecular mechanisms and is associated with overall survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2013; 52:764-74. [PMID: 23716461 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL), a recurrent deletion of the 19p13 region has recently been described. CD70 and TNFSF9 genes are suspected tumor suppressor genes, but previous studies suggest an oncogenic role for CD70. Therefore, we studied the consequences of variation in CD70 copy number and epigenetic modifications on CD70 expression. Copy-number variation was investigated in 144 de novo DLBCL tissues by comparative genomic hybridization array and quantitative multiplex PCR. Gene expression was assessed by quantitative RT-PCR, and CD70 promoter methylation was determined by pyrosequencing. The 19p13.3.2 region was deleted in 21 (14.6%) cases, which allowed the minimal commonly deleted region of 57 Kb that exclusively includes the CD70 gene to be defined. Homozygous deletions were observed in four (2.7%) cases, and acquired single-nucleotide variations of CD70 were detected in nine (6.3%) cases. CD70 was highly expressed in both germinal centre B-cell-like (GCB) and activated B-cell-like (ABC) DLBCL compared to normal tissue, with distinct molecular mechanisms of mRNA expression regulation. A gene dosage effect was observed in the GCB subtype, whereas promoter methylation was the predominant mechanism of down regulation in the ABC subtype. However, high CD70 expression levels correlated to shorter overall survival in both the GCB (P = 0.0021) and the ABC (P =0.0158) subtypes. In conclusion, CD70 is targeted by recurrent deletions, somatic mutations and promoter hypermethylation, but its high level of expression is related to an unfavorable outcome, indicating that this molecule may constitute a potential therapeutic target in selected DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bertrand
- Department of Hematology, IRIB, and Centre Henri Becquerel, INSERM, U918 and Normandie University, Rouen, France.
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26
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Genome-wide DNA profiling of HIV-related B-cell lymphomas. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 973:213-26. [PMID: 23412793 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-281-0_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas represent a frequent complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, occurring at higher frequency than in immunocompetent individuals, and causing morbidity and mortality. Here, we present the method we have followed to analyze the genomic lesions in HIV-related and in other immunodeficiency-related lymphomas, as well in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) samples derived from immunocompetent hosts. The technology we have used is represented by the GeneChip Human Mapping 250K NspI arrays (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA, USA), arrays based on 25mer oligonucleotides initially designed for large-scale genotyping, that is, the detection of thousands of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), then shown to be applicable for the detection of cancer alterations. The protocol is shown in all its steps with suggestions and tips. Applications of the technology and obtained results are also briefly summarized.
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27
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Perry AM, Mitrovic Z, Chan WC. Biological Prognostic Markers in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Cancer Control 2012; 19:214-26. [DOI: 10.1177/107327481201900306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anamarija M. Perry
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology at the Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Zdravko Mitrovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Wing C. Chan
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology at the Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
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28
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Mian M, Scandurra M, Chigrinova E, Shen Y, Inghirami G, Greiner TC, Chan WC, Vose JM, Testoni M, Chiappella A, Baldini L, Ponzoni M, Ferreri AJM, Franceschetti S, Gaidano G, Montes-Moreno S, Piris MA, Facchetti F, Tucci A, Nomdedeu JF, Lazure T, Uccella S, Tibiletti MG, Zucca E, Kwee I, Bertoni F. Clinical and molecular characterization of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas with 13q14.3 deletion. Ann Oncol 2012; 23:729-735. [PMID: 21693768 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdr289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deletions at 13q14.3 are common in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and are also present in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) but never in immunodeficiency-related DLBCL. To characterize DLBCL with 13q14.3 deletions, we combined genome-wide DNA profiling, gene expression and clinical data in a large DLBCL series treated with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicine, vincristine and prednisone repeated every 21 days (R-CHOP21). PATIENTS AND METHODS Affymetrix GeneChip Human Mapping 250K NspI and U133 plus 2.0 gene were used. MicroRNA (miRNA) expression was studied were by real-time PCR. Median follow-up of patients was 4.9 years. RESULTS Deletions at 13q14.3, comprising DLEU2/MIR15A/MIR16, occurred in 22/166 (13%) cases. The deletion was wider, including also RB1, in 19/22 cases. Samples with del(13q14.3) had concomitant specific aberrations. No reduced MIR15A/MIR16 expression was observed, but 172 transcripts were significantly differential expressed. Among the deregulated genes, there were RB1 and FAS, both commonly deleted at genomic level. No differences in outcome were observed in patients treated with R-CHOP21. CONCLUSIONS Cases with 13q14.3 deletions appear as group of DLBCL characterized by common genetic and biologic features. Deletions at 13q14.3 might contribute to DLBCL pathogenesis by two mechanisms: deregulating the cell cycle control mainly due RB1 loss and contributing to immune escape, due to FAS down-regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mian
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Lymphoma Unit, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliera S. Maurizio, Bolzano/Bozen, Italy
| | - M Scandurra
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Lymphoma Unit, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - E Chigrinova
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Lymphoma Unit, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Y Shen
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska, Omaha, USA
| | - G Inghirami
- Department of Pathology and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, University of Turin, Turin
| | - T C Greiner
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska, Omaha, USA
| | - W C Chan
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska, Omaha, USA
| | - J M Vose
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska, Omaha, USA
| | - M Testoni
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Lymphoma Unit, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - A Chiappella
- Department of Pathology and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, University of Turin, Turin
| | - L Baldini
- Hematology/Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan
| | - M Ponzoni
- Pathology Unit and Unit of Lymphoid Malignancies, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan
| | - A J M Ferreri
- Pathology Unit and Unit of Lymphoid Malignancies, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan
| | - S Franceschetti
- Division of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine & Centro di Biotecnologie per la Ricerca Medica Applicata, Amedeo Avogadro University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - G Gaidano
- Division of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine & Centro di Biotecnologie per la Ricerca Medica Applicata, Amedeo Avogadro University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - S Montes-Moreno
- Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - M A Piris
- Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - F Facchetti
- Department of Pathology, University of Brescia, I Servizio di Anatomia Patologica, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia; Division of Hematology, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - A Tucci
- Department of Pathology, University of Brescia, I Servizio di Anatomia Patologica, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia; Division of Hematology, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - J Fr Nomdedeu
- Department of Hematology and Laboratori d'Hematologia, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Lazure
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Pathology, University Hospital of Bicêtre, AP/HP, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - S Uccella
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, University of Insubria, Ospedale di Circolo, Varese, Italy
| | - M G Tibiletti
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, University of Insubria, Ospedale di Circolo, Varese, Italy
| | - E Zucca
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Lymphoma Unit, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - I Kwee
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Lymphoma Unit, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence (IDSIA), Manno, Switzerland
| | - F Bertoni
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Lymphoma Unit, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
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29
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Kwee I, Rinaldi A, Rancoita P, Rossi D, Capello D, Forconi F, Giuliani N, Piva R, Inghirami G, Gaidano G, Zucca E, Bertoni F. Integrated DNA copy number and methylation profiling of lymphoid neoplasms using a single array. Br J Haematol 2011; 156:354-7. [PMID: 22118580 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2011.08946.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Changes in DNA copy number (CN) and DNA methylation represent important aberrations for lymphomas and other cancers. Here, for the first time, we show that the Illumina Infinium Methylation (IIM) assay, although not originally designed for CN profiling, is able to estimate CN changes. We compared the IIM CN profiles to those obtained with a standard technique in a series of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas: the profiles showed a high degree of consensus. The demonstration of CN profiling as an additional function of the IIM assay may impact the choice of platform for methylation profiling of haematological and solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Kwee
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR) and Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland.
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Molecular signatures in the diagnosis and management of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Curr Opin Hematol 2011; 18:288-92. [PMID: 21519244 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0b013e32834706ee] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review summarizes recent data on the relevance of molecular subtypes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma to clinical management and the potential to use subtyping to direct therapy. RECENT FINDINGS Gene expression profiling and immunohistochemistry can distinguish between diffuse large B-cell lymphomas arising from germinal center-derived B-cells (GCB type) or activated B-cells (ABC type) with a high degree of concordance. This biologic distinction is highly relevant clinically. The ABC type is associated with a poor prognosis and is characterized biologically by constitutive activation of the NF-κB pathway and chronic activation of the B-cell receptor pathway, both of which confer an antiapoptotic phenotype and chemoresistance. Emerging preclinical and clinical data suggest that these pathways can be targeted specifically in ABC-type disease. New molecular techniques may allow further refinement of this approach. SUMMARY Recent data support the concept that molecular subtyping of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is clinically relevant and likely to be incorporated into diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms. The availability of widely applicable and reproducible techniques for determining molecular subtype will be essential.
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Kwee I, Capello D, Rinaldi A, Rancoita PMV, Bhagat G, Greiner TC, Spina M, Gloghini A, Chan WC, Paulli M, Zucca E, Tirelli U, Carbone A, Gaidano G, Bertoni F. Genomic aberrations affecting the outcome of immunodeficiency-related diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2011; 53:71-6. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2011.607729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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32
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Rinaldi A, Mian M, Kwee I, Rossi D, Deambrogi C, Mensah AA, Forconi F, Spina V, Cencini E, Drandi D, Ladetto M, Santachiara R, Marasca R, Gattei V, Cavalli F, Zucca E, Gaidano G, Bertoni F. Genome-wide DNA profiling better defines the prognosis of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2011; 154:590-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2011.08789.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Testoni M, Kwee I, Greiner TC, Montes-Moreno S, Vose J, Chan WC, Chiappella A, Baldini L, Ferreri AJ, Gaidano G, Mian M, Zucca E, Bertoni F. Gains of MYC locus and outcome in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with R-CHOP. Br J Haematol 2011; 155:274-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2011.08675.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chigrinova E, Mian M, Shen Y, Greiner TC, Chan WC, Vose JM, Inghirami G, Chiappella A, Baldini L, Ponzoni M, Ferreri AJM, Franceschetti S, Gaidano G, Tucci A, Facchetti F, Lazure T, Lambotte O, Montes-Moreno S, Piris MA, Zucca E, Kwee I, Bertoni F. Integrated profiling of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with 7q gain. Br J Haematol 2011; 153:499-503. [PMID: 21418177 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2011.08628.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To characterize diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with chromosome 7 gains, we combined clinical data with genomic, RNA and miRNA profiling. Gains were associated with age >60 years, female gender, a trend for higher complete response rate, lower death rate, and better overall survival in patients treated with R-CHOP. Lesions were inversely associated with bone marrow involvement and number of extra-nodal sites. Differentially expressed transcripts were enriched of genes belonging to specific pathways and miRNAs targets. MIR96, MIR182, MIR589, MIR25 were shown significantly up-regulated in 7q+ DLBCL by real-time PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Chigrinova
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Lymphoma Unit, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, via Vincenzo Vela 6, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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Chigrinova E, Mian M, Scandurra M, Greiner TC, Chan WC, Vose JM, Inghirami G, Chiappella A, Baldini L, Ponzoni M, Ferreri AJ, Franceschetti S, Gaidano G, Tucci A, Facchetti F, Lazure T, Lambotte O, Montes-Moreno S, Piris MA, Nomdedeu JF, Uccella S, Rancoita PM, Kwee I, Zucca E, Bertoni F. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with concordant bone marrow involvement has peculiar genomic profile and poor clinical outcome. Hematol Oncol 2011; 29:38-41. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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van Krieken JH. New developments in the pathology of malignant lymphoma. A review of the literature published from August 2010–October 2010. J Hematop 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12308-010-0078-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Genome-wide DNA profiling of marginal zone lymphomas identifies subtype-specific lesions with an impact on the clinical outcome. Blood 2010; 117:1595-604. [PMID: 21115979 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2010-01-264275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Marginal zone B-cell lymphomas (MZLs) have been divided into 3 distinct subtypes (extranodal MZLs of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue [MALT] type, nodal MZLs, and splenic MZLs). Nevertheless, the relationship between the subtypes is still unclear. We performed a comprehensive analysis of genomic DNA copy number changes in a very large series of MZL cases with the aim of addressing this question. Samples from 218 MZL patients (25 nodal, 57 MALT, 134 splenic, and 2 not better specified MZLs) were analyzed with the Affymetrix Human Mapping 250K SNP arrays, and the data combined with matched gene expression in 33 of 218 cases. MALT lymphoma presented significantly more frequently gains at 3p, 6p, 18p, and del(6q23) (TNFAIP3/A20), whereas splenic MZLs was associated with del(7q31), del(8p). Nodal MZLs did not show statistically significant differences compared with MALT lymphoma while lacking the splenic MZLs-related 7q losses. Gains of 3q and 18q were common to all 3 subtypes. del(8p) was often present together with del(17p) (TP53). Although del(17p) did not determine a worse outcome and del(8p) was only of borderline significance, the presence of both deletions had a highly significant negative impact on the outcome of splenic MZLs.
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Rinaldi A, Forconi F, Arcaini L, Mian M, Sozzi E, Zibellini S, Baldini L, Franceschetti S, Gaidano G, Marasca R, Mollejo M, Piris MA, Tucci A, Facchetti F, Bhagat G, Favera RD, Rancoita PMV, Zucca E, Kwee I, Bertoni F. Immunogenetics features and genomic lesions in splenic marginal zone lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2010; 151:435-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2010.08347.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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