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Thibedeau M, Fish J, Kelly C, Wenskus J, Zuccaro J, Gus E. Timing of nanocrystalline silver-based dressing application: a retrospective single-center pediatric cohort study. J Burn Care Res 2024; 45:1098-1102. [PMID: 38578062 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irae056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Recent evidence has demonstrated that silver has anti-inflammatory properties that are independent of the known antimicrobial ones. In our current model of care, nonadherent, nonsilver dressings are applied for acute presentations of pediatric partial-thickness burn injuries. The wounds are re-assessed after the progression phase (48-72 hours after injury), and silver dressings are applied. However, when logistical obstacles prevent re-assessment within the 48- to 72-hour window, nanocrystalline silver-based dressings are applied on presentation. The objective of this study was to test our model of care. We hypothesized that immediate application (<24 hours after injury) of nanocrystalline silver-based dressings would reduce surgical interventions. This was a retrospective single-center cohort study. All patients <18 years old treated at a pediatric burn center for acute partial-thickness burn injuries between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2021, were included. Multivariable logistic regression was used to compare surgical treatment rates between patients with different timing of nanocrystalline silver-based dressing application. Four hundred and seventy-six patients were included for analysis. One hundred and four patients (21.8%) had nanocrystalline silver-based dressings and 372 (78.2%) had non-silver, non-adherent dressings applied within 24 hours of injury. Multivariable logistic regression identified 3 statistically significant variables as predictors for surgical treatment: age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.14, 95% CI [1.06-1.23]), TBSA (OR = 1.15, 95% CI [1.06-1.25]), and burns to buttocks/lower extremity (OR = 2.39, 95% CI [1.26-4.53]). Immediate (<24 hours after injury) application of nanocrystalline silver-based dressings does not affect surgical treatment rate in pediatric patients with partial-thickness burns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marshall Thibedeau
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
| | - Joel Fish
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
| | - Charis Kelly
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P8, Canada
| | - Julia Wenskus
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Pediatric Burn Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75 8032, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer Zuccaro
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Eduardo Gus
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
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Treatment of infection and inflammation associated with COVID-19, multi-drug resistant pneumonia and fungal sinusitis by nebulizing a nanosilver solution. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2023; 48:102654. [PMID: 36646192 PMCID: PMC9839457 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Solutions containing Ag0 nanoclusters, Ag+1, and higher oxidation state silver, generated from nanocrystalline silver dressings, were anti-inflammatory against porcine skin inflammation. The dressings have clinically-demonstrated broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, suggesting application of nanosilver solutions in treating pulmonary infection. Nanosilver solutions were tested for antimicrobial efficacy; against HSV-1 and SARS-CoV-2; and nebulized in rats with acute pneumonia. Patients with pneumonia (ventilated), fungal sinusitis, burns plus COVID-19, and two non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19 received nebulized nanosilver solution. Nanosilver solutions demonstrated pH-dependent antimicrobial efficacy; reduced infection and inflammation without evidence of lung toxicity in the rat model; and inactivated HSV-1 and SARS-CoV-2. Pneumonia patients had rapidly reduced pulmonary symptoms, recovering pre-illness respiratory function. Fungal sinusitis-related inflammation decreased immediately with infection clearance within 21 days. Non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19 experienced rapid symptom remission. Nanosilver solutions, due to anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antimicrobial activity, may be effective for treating respiratory inflammation and infections caused by viruses and/or microbes.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Silver has become a global treatment option with the US Food and Drug Administration providing marketing clearance for many silver-impregnated wound dressings and topical agents. However, the increased use of silver-based products across medical disciplines has raised questions concerning the development of acute silver resistance. In this study, the efficacy of previously identified silver-resistant clinical bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter cloacae) against a variety of commercially available silver-based wound dressings was further investigated. METHOD To further explore the clinical significance of these isolates, multiple time-course and repeat-challenge assays were conducted with nine dressings using a panel of silver-resistant and silver-sensitive microorganisms. Silver-impregnated dressings were ranked by silver species, quantity of silver and overall efficacy. RESULTS Both silver-resistant strains were largely unaffected and exhibited phenotypic resistance even when exposed to the high silver concentrations found in commercially available wound dressings. In stark contrast, the majority of the dressings were able to maintain a high degree of efficacy over the course of 72 hours and during repeated bacterial challenges against silver-sensitive microorganisms. CONCLUSION Our findings provide additional evidence that clinically significant silver-resistance has emerged in the clinical setting. Such resistant microbes are capable of sustained silver resistance against a wide variety of silver adjuvants. These findings suggest that the further development and dissemination of these resistance mechanisms could significantly impact current practices in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhy Norton
- Dynamic DNA Laboratories, Springfield, MO65804, US
| | - Phillip J Finley
- Freeman Health Systems, Graduate Medical Education, Emergency Medicine, 1031 McIntosh Circle, Joplin, MO 64804, US
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Allawadhi P, Singh V, Khurana A, Khurana I, Allwadhi S, Kumar P, Banothu AK, Thalugula S, Barani PJ, Naik RR, Bharani KK. Silver nanoparticle based multifunctional approach for combating COVID-19. SENSORS INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2:100101. [PMID: 34766057 PMCID: PMC8169222 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2021.100101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is a highly contagious and widespread disease that has strained the global healthcare system to the hilt. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are well known for their potent antimicrobial, antiviral, immunomodulatory and biosensing properties. AgNPs have been found to be potential antiviral agent that act against many deadly viruses and is presumed to be effective against COVID-19. AgNPs can generate free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to apoptosis mediated cell death thereby inhibiting viral infection. The shape and size of AgNPs play an important role in its biomedical applications as alterations may result in variable biological interaction and activity. Herein, we propose that AgNPs can be utilized for effective management of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic by highlighting the current status of AgNPs in the fight against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prince Allawadhi
- Department of Pharmacy, Vaish Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (VIPER), Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of Health Sciences (Pt. B. D. S. UHS), Rohtak - 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Vishakha Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee, Roorkee - 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Amit Khurana
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering (CBME), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi - 110016, India
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500030, PVNRTVU, Telangana, India
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), Warangal - 506166, PVNRTVU, Telangana, India
| | - Isha Khurana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh - 160014, India
| | - Sachin Allwadhi
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University Institute of Engineering and Technology (UIET), Maharshi Dayanand University (MDU), Rohtak - 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (Pt. B. D. S. PGIMS), Rohtak - 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Anil Kumar Banothu
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500030, PVNRTVU, Telangana, India
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health Management, College of Fishery Science, Pebbair, Wanaparthy - 509104, PVNRTVU, Telangana, India
| | - Sunitha Thalugula
- Department of Pharmacology, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UCPS), Kakatiya University, Warangal - 506009, Telangana, India
| | - Percy Jasmine Barani
- Department of Chemistry, Wesley Degree College for Women, Osmania University, Secunderabad - 500025, Telangana, India
| | | | - Kala Kumar Bharani
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), Warangal - 506166, PVNRTVU, Telangana, India
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health Management, College of Fishery Science, Pebbair, Wanaparthy - 509104, PVNRTVU, Telangana, India
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Rao BR, Kumar R, Haque S, Kumar JM, Rao TN, Kothapalli RVSN, Patra CR. Ag 2[Fe(CN) 5NO]-Fabricated Hydrophobic Cotton as a Potential Wound Healing Dressing: An In Vivo Approach. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:10689-10704. [PMID: 33621045 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c19904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
There have been reports of different types of wound dressings for various functions and purposes. Cotton being one of the most widely used wound dressing material due to its non-toxic, biodegradable, and other properties is used for fabrication as well as in the form of scaffolds for faster and effective wound closure. Our research team has already demonstrated the role of silver nitroprusside nanoparticles (SNPNPs) for wound healing and antibacterial activity. In the current study, we have developed cotton fabric impregnated with SNPNPs (SNPCFs) which remain photo inert and displayed long-term antimicrobial activity due to the surface modification with the silver nitroprusside complex. These SNPCFs were characterized by various analytical techniques (XRD, FTIR, UV spectroscopy, TGA, TEM, FESEM, EDAX, ICP-OES). The fabricated cotton dressings with nanoparticles showed an improved water contact angle (113-130°) than that of bare cotton gauze (60°) and exhibited more antibacterial property in case of both Gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella aerogenes and Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis) even after several washings. The biocompatible nature of SNPCFs was assessed by in vivo chorioallantoic membrane assay that showed no obstruction in the formation of blood vessels. The SNPCFs exhibited better wound healing activity compared to the bare cotton and AgCFs as observed in the C57BL6/J mouse. The histopathological investigation reveals increase in re-epithelialization and deposition of connective tissue. The macrophage (M2) counts in SNPCF-treated skin tissues were supportive of more wound healing activity than mice treated with cotton fabric impregnated with chemically synthesized silver nanoparticles. Based on biodistribution analysis using ICP-OES, the data illustrated that a significant amount of silver is absorbed in the skin tissues of mice as compared to the blood and kidney. Furthermore, the absence of silver from the vital organs (heart, liver, and kidney) corroborates our hypothesis that the SNPCFs can act excellently in treating wounds when topically applied over skin. Thereafter, all these results highlight a strong possibility that SNPCFs exemplify the potential as a new antimicrobial and wound healing agent in future times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonda Rama Rao
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajnish Kumar
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shagufta Haque
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jerald Mahesh Kumar
- Animal House, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - T Nageswara Rao
- Department of Analytical, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Raju V S N Kothapalli
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Chitta Ranjan Patra
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Therapeutic Applications of Biostable Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Peel Extract of Benincasa hispida: Antibacterial and Anticancer Activities. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10101954. [PMID: 33008104 PMCID: PMC7600797 DOI: 10.3390/nano10101954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to fabricate biostable inorganic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using fresh peel (aqueous) extract of Benincasa hispida. A fast, robust, and eco-friendly approach was used for the synthesis of AgNPs, where bioactive components of peel extract of B. hispida acted as reducing and stabilizing agents. Synthesized AgNPs were characterized using a UV–Vis spectrophotometer, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and electron microscopy. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited maximum absorption at 418 nm under the typical AgNPs surface plasmon resonance band range. They depicted a mean size of 26 ± 2 nm with a spherical shape. Their therapeutic prospective was determined by evaluating their antimicrobial and anticancer potential. The bio-synthesized silver nanoparticles exhibited strong antimicrobial activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC 50) values of 14.5, 8.6, 6.063, and 13.4 μg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Micrococcus luteus (ATCC 14593), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), and Klebsiella pneumonia (ATCC 13883), respectively. The biosynthesized AgNPs showed potent in vitro cytotoxicity against human cervical cancer cell line with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 0.066 μg/mL; however, no cytotoxic effect was observed on normal human primary osteoblasts cell line. This study explored B. hispida extract and confirmed its effectiveness as a promising source in producing AgNPs that could be employed for several therapeutic applications.
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Abdallah HM, Ammar NM, Abdelhameed MF, Gendy AENGE, Ragab TIM, Abd-ElGawad AM, Farag MA, Alwahibi MS, Elshamy AI. Protective Mechanism of Acacia saligna Butanol Extract and Its Nano-Formulations against Ulcerative Colitis in Rats as Revealed via Biochemical and Metabolomic Assays. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:E195. [PMID: 32751448 PMCID: PMC7463518 DOI: 10.3390/biology9080195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a relapsing inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. The increased risk of cancer in UC patients warrants for the development of novel drug treatments. Herein, this work concerns with the investigation of the protective effects of Acacia saligna butanol extract (ASBE) and its nanoformulations on UC in a rat model and its underlying mechanism. Colitis was induced by slow intrarectal infusion of 2 mL of 4% (v/v in 0.9% saline) acetic acid. Colon samples were evaluated macroscopically, microscopically, and assayed for pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. To monitor associated metabolic changes in acetic acid-induced UC model, serum samples were analyzed for primary metabolites using GC-MS followed by multivariate data analyses. Treatment with ASBE attenuated acetic acid-induced UC as revealed by reduction of colon weight, ulcer area, and ulcer index. ASBE treatment also reduced Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) & Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels in the inflamed colon. The nano-formulation of ASBE showed better protection than the crude extract against ulcer indices, increased PGE2 production, and histopathological alterations such as intestinal mucosal lesions and inflammatory infiltration. Distinct metabolite changes were recorded in colitis rats including a decrease in oleamide and arachidonic acid along with increased levels of lactic acid, fructose, and pyroglutamic acid. Treatment with nano extract restored metabolite levels to normal and suggests that cytokine levels were regulated by nano extract in UC. Conclusion: ASBE nano extract mitigated against acetic acid-induced colitis in rats, and the underlying mechanism could be attributed to the modulatory effects of ASBE on the inflammatory cascades. The applicability of metabolomics developed in this rat model seems to be crucial for evaluating the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of new therapeutics for acute colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M.I. Abdallah
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Naglaa M. Ammar
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed F. Abdelhameed
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Abd El-Nasser G. El Gendy
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Tamer I. M. Ragab
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed M. Abd-ElGawad
- Plant Production Department, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini St., P.B., Cairo 11562, Egypt;
- Chemistry Department, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdelsamed I. Elshamy
- Department of Natural Compounds Chemistry, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
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Deshmukh SP, Patil SM, Mullani SB, Delekar SD. Silver nanoparticles as an effective disinfectant: A review. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 97:954-965. [PMID: 30678983 PMCID: PMC7127744 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.12.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The paradigm modifications in the metallic crystals from bulky to micro-size to nano-scale have resulted in excellent and amazing properties; which have been the remarkable interests in a wider range of applications. Particularly, Ag NPs have much attention owing to their distinctive optical, chemical, electrical and catalytic properties that can be tuned with surface nature, size, shapes, etc. and hence these crystals have been used in various fields such as catalysis, sensor, electronic components, antimicrobial agents in the health industry etc. Among them, Ag NPs based disinfectants have paid attention due to the practical applications in our daily life. Therefore the Ag NPs have been used in different sectors such as silver-based air/water filters, textile, animal husbandry, biomedical and food packaging etc. In this review, the Ag NPs as a disinfectant in different sectors have been included in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Deshmukh
- Department of Chemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416 004, MS, India; Department of Chemistry, D.B.F. Dayanand College of Arts and Science, Solapur 413 002, MS, India
| | - S M Patil
- Department of Chemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416 004, MS, India; Department of Chemistry, Karmaveer Hire College, Gargoti, Kolhapur 416 209, MS, India
| | - S B Mullani
- Department of Chemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416 004, MS, India
| | - S D Delekar
- Department of Chemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416 004, MS, India.
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Jarvis M, Krishnan V, Mitragotri S. Nanocrystals: A perspective on translational research and clinical studies. Bioeng Transl Med 2019; 4:5-16. [PMID: 30680314 PMCID: PMC6336669 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Poorly soluble small molecules typically pose translational hurdles owing to their low solubility, low bioavailability, and formulation challenges. Nanocrystallization is a versatile method for salvaging poorly soluble drugs with the added benefit of a carrier-free delivery system. In this review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of nanocrystals with emphasis on their clinical translation. Additionally, the review sheds light on clinically approved nanocrystal drug products as well as those in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jarvis
- Dept. of BioengineeringRice UniversityHoustonTX 77030
| | - Vinu Krishnan
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied SciencesWyss Institute, Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138
| | - Samir Mitragotri
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied SciencesWyss Institute, Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138
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10
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Young JJ, Cheng KM, Young YA, Chen XA, Chen YH, Chang TY, Yen HJ, Chen CC. Chondroitin sulfate-stabilized silver nanoparticles: Improved synthesis and their catalytic, antimicrobial, and biocompatible activities. Carbohydr Res 2018; 457:14-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Tudose M, Culita DC, Musuc AM, Somacescu S, Ghica C, Chifiriuc MC, Bleotu C. Lipoic acid functionalized SiO 2@Ag nanoparticles. Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of biological activity. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017. [PMID: 28629046 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.05.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A novel nanocomposite was obtained through the covalent immobilization of lipoic acid on the surface of silver nanoparticles-decorated silica nanoparticles (SiO2@Ag). The hybrid organic - inorganic material obtained was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis, scanning and transmision electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and UV-Visible spectroscopy. Its antioxidant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial activity and influence on mammalian cells cycle were evaluated. The results of this study have shown that the functionalization of SiO2@Ag with lipoic acid resulted in a composite with increased specificity of interaction with different mammalian cell lines and antioxidant activity, but with decreased cytotoxicity and antimicrobial properties. Therefore, the SiO2@Ag functionalized with lipoic acid could be successfully used in certain concentrations to modulate the cell cycle, in order to obtain the desired anti-proliferative or stimulatory therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalina Tudose
- "Ilie Murgulescu" Institute of Physical Chemistry, Splaiul Independentei No. 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Daniela Cristina Culita
- "Ilie Murgulescu" Institute of Physical Chemistry, Splaiul Independentei No. 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Adina Magdalena Musuc
- "Ilie Murgulescu" Institute of Physical Chemistry, Splaiul Independentei No. 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Simona Somacescu
- "Ilie Murgulescu" Institute of Physical Chemistry, Splaiul Independentei No. 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cornel Ghica
- National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor Street No. 405A, 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, Microbiology Immunology Department, Aleea Portocalelor No. 1-3, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Coralia Bleotu
- "Stefan S. Nicolau" Institute of Virology, Mihai Bravu Avenue No. 285, 030304 Bucharest, Romania
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12
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Nherera LM, Trueman P, Roberts CD, Berg L. A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical outcomes associated with nanocrystalline silver use compared to alternative silver delivery systems in the management of superficial and deep partial thickness burns. Burns 2017; 43:939-948. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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Saini P, Saha SK, Roy P, Chowdhury P, Sinha Babu SP. Evidence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated apoptosis in Setaria cervi induced by green silver nanoparticles from Acacia auriculiformis at a very low dose. Exp Parasitol 2015; 160:39-48. [PMID: 26627139 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Green synthesis of silver nanomaterial plays a pivotal role in the growing field of nanotechnology. Development of anti-parasitic drugs from plant metabolites has been in regular practice from the ancient period but most of them were discarded due to their inefficiency to control diseases effectively. At present, nanoparticles are used for developing anti-parasitic therapy for their unique properties such as smallest in size, bio-ability, bio-compatibility and penetration capacity into a cell. The present study aims at synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by using funicles extract of Acacia auriculiformis and tests its efficacy as antifilarial. Experimental evidence show that AgNPs are effective at a very low concentration compared to crude plant extracts. Synthesis of these nanoparticles is a single-step, biogenic, cost effective and eco-friendly process. Synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, TEM, SAED, FTIR, EDX, FESEM and Z-potential. The antifilarial efficacy of AgNPs was tested against different life cycle stages of bovine filarial parasite Setaria cervi by morphological study, motility assessment and viability assay. These nanoparticles are found to have antifilarial activity with LC50 of 5.61 μg/mL and LC90 of 15.54 μg/mL against microfilaria of S. cervi. The microscopic findings and the detailed molecular studies confirmed that green synthesized AgNPs were effective enough to induce apoptosis through up regulation of ROS (reactive oxygen species).
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanta Saini
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology (Centre for Advanced Studies), Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, West Bengal, India
| | - Swadhin Kr Saha
- Synthetic Polymer Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, West Bengal, India
| | - Priya Roy
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology (Centre for Advanced Studies), Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, West Bengal, India
| | - Pranesh Chowdhury
- Synthetic Polymer Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, West Bengal, India
| | - Santi P Sinha Babu
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology (Centre for Advanced Studies), Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, West Bengal, India.
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Hartmann CA, Rode H, Kramer B. Acticoat™ stimulates inflammation, but does not delay healing, in acute full-thickness excisional wounds. Int Wound J 2015; 13:1344-1348. [PMID: 26561384 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Acticoat™ has antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects which aid wound healing. However, in vitro studies indicate that Acticoat™ is cytotoxic and clinical and in vivo studies suggest that it may delay healing in acute wounds. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of Acticoat™ on healing in acute full-thickness excisional wounds. Using a porcine model, healing was assessed on days 3, 6, 9 and 15 post-wounding. Five wounds dressed with Acticoat™ and five wounds dressed with polyurethane film (control) were assessed per day (n = 40 wounds). The rate of healing, inflammatory response, restoration of the epithelium and blood vessel and collagen formation were evaluated. No difference was found in the rate of healing between wounds treated with Acticoat™ and the control wounds. Inflammation was increased in Acticoat™-treated wounds on day 3 post-wounding compared to the control wounds. However, by day 15 post-wounding, the epithelium of the Acticoat™-treated wounds closely resembled normal epithelium. Acticoat™-treated wounds also contained a higher proportion of mature blood vessels, and differences in collagen deposition were apparent. Despite inducing an inflammatory response, Acticoat™ did not delay healing in acute wounds. Conversely, the improved quality of the epithelium and blood vessels within Acticoat™-treated wounds indicates that Acticoat™ has a beneficial effect on healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A Hartmann
- School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Heinz Rode
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Beverley Kramer
- School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Tsang KK, Kwong EWY, Woo KY, To TSS, Chung JWY, Wong TKS. The Anti-Inflammatory and Antibacterial Action of Nanocrystalline Silver and Manuka Honey on the Molecular Alternation of Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Comprehensive Literature Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2015; 2015:218283. [PMID: 26290672 PMCID: PMC4531195 DOI: 10.1155/2015/218283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Honey and silver have been used since ancient times for treating wounds. Their widespread clinical application has attracted attention in light of the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. While there have been a number of studies exploring the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects of manuka honey and nanocrystalline silver, their advantages and limitations with regard to the treatment of chronic wounds remain a subject of debate. The aim of this paper is to examine the evidence on the use of nanocrystalline silver and manuka honey for treating diabetic foot ulcers through a critical and comprehensive review of in vitro studies, animal studies, and in vivo studies. The findings from the in vitro and animal studies suggest that both agents have effective antibacterial actions. Their anti-inflammatory action and related impact on wound healing are unclear. Besides, there is no evidence to suggest that any topical agent is more effective for use in treating diabetic foot ulcer. Overall, high-quality, clinical human studies supported by findings from the molecular science on the use of manuka honey or nanocrystalline silver are lacking. There is a need for rigorously designed human clinical studies on the subject to fill this knowledge gap and guide clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Kit Tsang
- O&T Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong
- Department of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | | | - Kevin Y. Woo
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Tony Shing-Shun To
- Department of Health Technology & Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Joanne Wai-Yee Chung
- The Faculty of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Institute of Education, Hong Kong
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Unprecedented Silver Resistance in Clinically Isolated Enterobacteriaceae: Major Implications for Burn and Wound Management. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 59:4734-41. [PMID: 26014954 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00026-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased utilization of inorganic silver as an adjunctive to many medical devices has raised concerns of emergent silver resistance in clinical bacteria. Although the molecular basis for silver resistance has been previously characterized, to date, significant phenotypic expression of these genes in clinical settings is yet to be observed. Here, we identified the first strains of clinical bacteria expressing silver resistance at a level that could significantly impact wound care and the use of silver-based dressings. Screening of 859 clinical isolates confirmed 31 harbored at least 1 silver resistance gene. Despite the presence of these genes, MIC testing revealed most of the bacteria displayed little or no increase in resistance to ionic silver (200 to 300 μM Ag(+)). However, 2 isolates (Klebsiella pneumonia and Enterobacter cloacae) were capable of robust growth at exceedingly high silver concentrations, with MIC values reaching 5,500 μM Ag(+). DNA sequencing of these two strains revealed the presence of genes homologous to known genetic determinants of heavy metal resistance. Darkening of the bacteria's pigment was observed after exposure to high silver concentrations. Scanning electron microscopy images showed the presence of silver nanoparticles embedded in the extracellular polymeric substance of both isolates. This finding suggested that the isolates may neutralize ionic silver via reduction to elemental silver. Antimicrobial testing revealed both organisms to be completely resistant to many commercially available silver-impregnated burn and wound dressings. Taken together, these findings provide the first evidence of clinical bacteria capable of expressing silver resistance at levels that could significantly impact wound management.
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Ali MS, Al-Lohedan HA, Atta AM, Ezzat AO, Al-Hussain SA. Interaction of human serum albumin with silver nanoparticles functionalized with polyvinylthiol. J Mol Liq 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2015.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Arora S, Tyagi N, Bhardwaj A, Rusu L, Palanki R, Vig K, Singh SR, Singh AP, Palanki S, Miller ME, Carter JE, Singh S. Silver nanoparticles protect human keratinocytes against UVB radiation-induced DNA damage and apoptosis: potential for prevention of skin carcinogenesis. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2015; 11:1265-75. [PMID: 25804413 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Ultraviolet (UV)-B radiation from the sun is an established etiological cause of skin cancer, which afflicts more than a million lives each year in the United States alone. Here, we tested the chemopreventive efficacy of silver-nanoparticles (AgNPs) against UVB-irradiation-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT). AgNPs were synthesized by reduction-chemistry and characterized for their physicochemical properties. AgNPs were well tolerated by HaCaT cells and their pretreatment protected them from UVB-irradiation-induced apoptosis along with significant reduction in cyclobutane-pyrimidine-dimer formation. Moreover, AgNPs pre-treatment led to G1-phase cell-cycle arrest in UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells. AgNPs were efficiently internalized in UVB-irradiated cells and localized into cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments. Furthermore, we observed an altered expression of various genes involved in cell-cycle, apoptosis and nucleotide-excision repair in HaCaT cells treated with AgNPs prior to UVB-irradiation. Together, these findings provide support for potential utility of AgNPs as novel chemopreventive agents against UVB-irradiation-induced skin carcinogenesis. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR Excessive exposure to the sun is known to increase the risk of skin cancer due to DNA damage. In this work, the authors tested the use of silver nanoparticles as protective agents against ultraviolet radiation. The positive results may open a door for the use of silver nanoparticle as novel agents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Arora
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Nikhil Tyagi
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Arun Bhardwaj
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Lilia Rusu
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Rohan Palanki
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Komal Vig
- Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA
| | | | - Ajay P Singh
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Srinivas Palanki
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Michael E Miller
- Auburn University Research Instrumentation Facility - Advanced Microscopy and Imaging Laboratory, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - James E Carter
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Seema Singh
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.
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Munger MA, Hadlock G, Stoddard G, Slawson MH, Wilkins DG, Cox N, Rollins D. Assessing orally bioavailable commercial silver nanoparticle product on human cytochrome P450 enzyme activity. Nanotoxicology 2014; 9:474-81. [PMID: 25137296 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2014.948092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology produces a wide range of medicinal compounds, including nanoparticulate silver, which are increasingly introduced in various forms for consumer use. As with all medicinal compounds, potential drug interactions are an important consideration for ingested silver nanoparticles. Nanoparticulate silver-drug interactions may be mediated through induced oxidative stress in liver tissue where the majority of systemically bioavailable silver nanoparticles is found. To investigate whether an orally ingested commercially available colloidal silver nanoproduct produces pharmacokinetic interference on select cytochrome P450 enzymes, a prospective, single-blind, controlled in vivo human study using simultaneous administration of standardized probes for P450 enzyme classes CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 was conducted. Oral ingestion of a commercial colloidal silver nanoproduct produces detectable silver in human serum after 14 days of dosing. This silver, however, elicits no demonstrable clinically significant changes in metabolic, hematologic, urinary, physical findings or cytochrome P450 enzyme inhibition or induction activity. Given their increasingly broad, diverse human exposures, future characterization of human cytochrome P450 enzyme activity for other systemically bioavailable nanotechnology products are warranted.
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Taheri S, Cavallaro A, Christo SN, Smith LE, Majewski P, Barton M, Hayball JD, Vasilev K. Substrate independent silver nanoparticle based antibacterial coatings. Biomaterials 2014; 35:4601-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Rizzello L, Pompa PP. Nanosilver-based antibacterial drugs and devices: mechanisms, methodological drawbacks, and guidelines. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 43:1501-18. [PMID: 24292075 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60218d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 466] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite the current advancement in drug discovery and pharmaceutical biotechnology, infection diseases induced by bacteria continue to be one of the greatest health problems worldwide, afflicting millions of people annually. Almost all microorganisms have, in fact, an intrinsic outstanding ability to flout many therapeutic interventions, thanks to their fast and easy-to-occur evolutionary genetic mechanisms. At the same time, big pharmaceutical companies are losing interest in new antibiotics development, shifting their capital investments in much more profitable research and development fields. New smart solutions are, thus, required to overcome such concerns, and should combine the feasibility of industrial production processes with cheapness and effectiveness. In this framework, nanotechnology-based solutions, and in particular silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), have recently emerged as promising candidates in the market as new antibacterial agents. AgNPs display, in fact, enhanced broad-range antibacterial/antiviral properties, and their synthesis procedures are quite cost effective. However, despite their increasing impact on the market, many relevant issues are still open. These include the molecular mechanisms governing the AgNPs-bacteria interactions, the physico-chemical parameters underlying their toxicity to prokaryotes, the lack of standardized methods and materials, and the uncertainty in the definition of general strategies to develop smart antibacterial drugs and devices based on nanosilver. In this review, we analyze the experimental data on the bactericidal effects of AgNPs, discussing the complex scenario and presenting the potential drawbacks and limitations in the techniques and methods employed. Moreover, after analyzing in depth the main mechanisms involved, we provide some general strategies/procedures to perform antibacterial tests of AgNPs, and propose some general guidelines for the design of antibacterial nanosystems and devices based on silver/nanosilver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loris Rizzello
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Center for Bio-Molecular Nanotechnologies@UniLe, Via Barsanti, 73010 Arnesano (Lecce), Italy.
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In vivo human time-exposure study of orally dosed commercial silver nanoparticles. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2013; 10:1-9. [PMID: 23811290 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2013.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Human biodistribution, bioprocessing and possible toxicity of nanoscale silver receive increasing health assessment. We prospectively studied commercial 10- and 32-ppm nanoscale silver particle solutions in a single-blind, controlled, cross-over, intent-to-treat, design. Healthy subjects (n=60) underwent metabolic, blood counts, urinalysis, sputum induction, and chest and abdomen magnetic resonance imaging. Silver serum and urine content were determined. No clinically important changes in metabolic, hematologic, or urinalysis measures were identified. No morphological changes were detected in the lungs, heart or abdominal organs. No significant changes were noted in pulmonary reactive oxygen species or pro-inflammatory cytokine generation. In vivo oral exposure to these commercial nanoscale silver particle solutions does not prompt clinically important changes in human metabolic, hematologic, urine, physical findings or imaging morphology. Further study of increasing time exposure and dosing of silver nanoparticulate silver, and observation of additional organ systems are warranted to assert human toxicity thresholds. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR In this study, the effects of commercially available nanoparticles were studied in healthy volunteers, concluding no detectable toxicity with the utilized comprehensive assays and tests. As the authors rightfully state, further studies are definitely warranted. Studies like this are much needed for the more widespread application of nanomedicine.
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Ravindran A, Chandran P, Khan SS. Biofunctionalized silver nanoparticles: Advances and prospects. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 105:342-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Bisson JF, Hidalgo-Lucas S, Bouschbacher M, Thomassin L. Effects of TLC-Ag dressings on skin inflammation. J Dermatol 2013; 40:463-70. [DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.12149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Bisson
- Department of Cancerology, Human Pathologies and Toxicology; ETAP Research Center; Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy; France
| | - Sophie Hidalgo-Lucas
- Department of Cancerology, Human Pathologies and Toxicology; ETAP Research Center; Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy; France
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Peng Q, Li K, Han Z, Wang E, Xu Z, Liu R, Tian Y. Degradable magnesium‐based implant materials with anti‐inflammatory activity. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuming Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengsheng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Erde Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Xu
- NSF Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials, Suite #105, Fort IRC Building, 1601 East Market Street, North Carolina
| | - Riping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, People's Republic of China
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29
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Truchetet F, Guibon O, Meaume S. Clinicians' rationale for using a silver dressing: the French OMAg+E observational study. J Wound Care 2012; 21:620, 622-5. [DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2012.21.12.620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - O. Guibon
- Laboratoire Mölnlycke Health Care, France
| | - S. Meaume
- Hôpital Rothschild, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
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Abedini F, Ahmadi A, Yavari A, Hosseini V, Mousavi S. Comparison of silver nylon wound dressing and silver sulfadiazine in partial burn wound therapy. Int Wound J 2012; 10:573-8. [PMID: 22734483 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-481x.2012.01024.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aims to perform a comparative assessment of two types of burn wound treatment. To do the assessment, patients with partial thickness burn wounds with total body surface area <40% were simple randomised to treat with nanocrystalline silver nylon wound dressing or silver sulfadiazine cream. Efficacy of treatment, use of analgesics, number of wound dressing change, wound infection and final hospitalisation cost were evaluated. The study showed silver nylon wound dressing significantly reduced length of hospital stay, analgesic use, wound infection and inflammation compared with silver sulfadiazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereydoon Abedini
- Department of Surgery, Imam Musa Kazem Hospital, Esfahan University of Medical Science, Esfahan, Iran WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Research Center for Rational Use of Drugs, Tehran, Iran
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You C, Han C, Wang X, Zheng Y, Li Q, Hu X, Sun H. The progress of silver nanoparticles in the antibacterial mechanism, clinical application and cytotoxicity. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 39:9193-201. [PMID: 22722996 PMCID: PMC7089021 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-1792-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a highly promising field, with nanoparticles produced and utilized in a wide range of commercial products. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has been widely used in clothing, electronics, bio-sensing, the food industry, paints, sunscreens, cosmetics and medical devices, all of which increase human exposure and thus the potential risk related to their short- and long-term toxicity. Many studies indicate that AgNPs are toxic to human health. Interestingly, the majority of these studies focus on the interaction of the nano-silver particle with single cells, indicating that AgNPs have the potential to induce the genes associated with cell cycle progression, DNA damage and mitochondrial associated apoptosis. AgNPs administered through any method were subsequently detected in blood and were found to cause deposition in several organs. There are very few studies in rats and mice involving the in vivo bio-distribution and toxicity, organ accumulation and degradation, and the possible adverse effects and toxicity in vivo are only slowly being recognized. In the present review, we summarize the current data associated with the increased medical usage of nano-silver and its related nano-materials, compare the mechanism of antibiosis and discuss the proper application of nano-silver particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuangang You
- Department of Burns, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
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Rai M, Deshmukh S, Ingle A, Gade A. Silver nanoparticles: the powerful nanoweapon against multidrug-resistant bacteria. J Appl Microbiol 2012; 112:841-52. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05253.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 872] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Wilkinson L, White R, Chipman J. Silver and nanoparticles of silver in wound dressings: a review of efficacy and safety. J Wound Care 2011; 20:543-9. [DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2011.20.11.543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - R.J. White
- Institute of Health and Society, University of Worcester, UK
| | - J.K. Chipman
- School of biosciences, The University of birmingham, UK
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Abstract
Chronic wounds are associated with an altered wound milieu that results from an imbalance in extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis. This alteration is characterized by an increased destruction and degradation of components of the ECM with a concomitant lack of synthesis of these elements. Traditionally wound fluid has been considered a reflection of the internal wound milieu. It has been used to monitor and reflect on the chronic status of a wound or to measure the efficacy of wound treatment. However, on closer inspection of chronic wound fluid, certain components of the fluid, particularly matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their subcomponents (MMP-9) have been found to exist at higher levels in wound fluid than in the corresponding wound. There is mounting evidence that much of the destructive effects observed in chronic wounds may be compounded by components of the wound exudate which are corrosive in nature resulting in a continuum of ECM breakdown. Isolation of these components has identified MMPs, in particular MMP-9 as dominant in this destructive process. Additionally an association has been made between high bacterial levels and elevated MMP9 in chronic wounds. Agents that have efficacy against MMP-9 and significant antibacterial potency thus provide a dual defense against chronic wounds. It is likely that these agents cause a change in the chronic wound fluid components that more closely resemble the balance of proteases and growth factors seen acute wounds, thus triggering a positive wound healing process. Nanocrystalline silver appears to fulfill these criteria. A strategy is suggested whereby wound fluid is directly targeted to diminish the corrosive wound fluid elements in an attempt to break the ongoing destructive inflammatory cycle. This presents a relatively new treatment paradigm attempting to influence wound healing by working from without to initiate changes within.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan David Widgerow
- Plastic Surgery Department, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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35
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Fontenoy C, Kamel S. Silver in the medical devices/equipments: Marketing or real clinical interest? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phhp.2010.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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The effect of silver nanoparticles on splenocyte activity and selected cytokine levels in the mouse serum at early stage of experimental endotoxemia. Pol J Vet Sci 2011; 14:597-604. [DOI: 10.2478/v10181-011-0089-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Park HS, Kim KH, Jang S, Park JW, Cha HR, Lee JE, Kim JO, Kim SY, Lee CS, Kim JP, Jung SS. Attenuation of allergic airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in a murine model of asthma by silver nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2010; 5:505-15. [PMID: 20957173 PMCID: PMC2950409 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s11664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of silver in the past demonstrated the certain antimicrobial activity, though this has been replaced by other treatments. However, nanotechnology has provided a way of producing pure silver nanoparticles, and it shows cytoprotective activities and possible pro-healing properties. But, the mechanism of silver nanoparticles remains unknown. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of silver nanoparticles on bronchial inflammation and hyperresponsiveness. We used ovalbumin (OVA)-inhaled female C57BL/6 mice to evaluate the roles of silver nanoparticles and the related molecular mechanisms in allergic airway disease. In this study with an OVA-induced murine model of allergic airway disease, we found that the increased inflammatory cells, airway hyperresponsiveness, increased levels of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, and the increased NF-κB levels in lungs after OVA inhalation were significantly reduced by the administration of silver nanoparticles. In addition, we have also found that the increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after OVA inhalation were decreased by the administration of silver nanoparticles. These results indicate that silver nanoparticles may attenuate antigen-induced airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness. And antioxidant effect of silver nanoparticles could be one of the molecular bases in the murine model of asthma. These findings may provide a potential molecular mechanism of silver nanoparticles in preventing or treating asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Sun Park
- Division of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Medical School, Daejeon, Korea
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Khundkar R, Malic C, Burge T. Use of Acticoat dressings in burns: what is the evidence? Burns 2010; 36:751-8. [PMID: 20346592 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2009.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2009] [Accepted: 04/01/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The virtues of silver as an antimicrobial agent have been known for some time. Various silver containing dressings are currently used for the treatment of wounds. Introduced in the late 1990s, Acticoat is a nanocrystalline silver dressing developed to overcome some shortcomings of the older dressings by providing sustained release of silver up to 7 days. We aim to determine the level of evidence available in the literature in view of recent increased usage of Acticoat. A Medline search was conducted to identify articles evaluating the use of Acticoat in burn wounds. A level of evidence adapted from the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based-Medicine was assigned to each of these articles. Only one study was considered to be LOE 1, which is a multicentre randomised controlled trial comparing Acticoat against Silver Sulfadiazine. One further randomised control trial was downgraded to LOE 2 due to a wide confidence interval. Twenty studies (66%) were LOE 5 of which 6 were case reports and 14 were in vitro/animal studies. The available LOE 1 study demonstrates that Acticoat has better antimicrobial activity compared to another available silver dressing. Other studies suggest Acticoat has fewer adverse effects and reduces healing times. Its ease of application and low frequency of change makes it an ideal dressing in burn wounds. More well designed and properly reported randomised controlled trials are essential for informed clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roba Khundkar
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX39DU, UK.
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Nadworny PL, Landry BK, Wang J, Tredget EE, Burrell RE. Does nanocrystalline silver have a transferable effect? Wound Repair Regen 2010; 18:254-65. [PMID: 20409150 DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-475x.2010.00579.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the mechanism of nanocrystalline silver antiinflammatory activity, and tested nanocrystalline silver for systemic antiinflammatory effects. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy of skin treated directly with nanocrystalline silver for 24 hours showed that at skin surfaces there were significant deposits at weights corresponding to Ag, AgO, AgCl, AgNO(3), Ag(2)O, and silver clusters Ag(2-6), but silver penetration was minimal. To test for translocation of the effect, a porcine contact dermatitis model in which wounds were induced on one side of the back and then treated with nanocrystalline silver on the opposite side of the back was used. Visual and histological data showed improvement relative to animals treated with saline only. Significantly increased induction of apoptosis in the inflammatory cells present in the dermis was observed with remote nanocrystalline silver treatments. In addition, immunohistochemical analysis showed decreased levels of proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-8, and increased levels of antiinflammatory cytokine interleukin-4, epidermal growth factor, keratinocyte growth factor, and keratinocyte growth factor-2. Thus, the antiinflammatory effects of nanocrystalline silver appear to be induced by interactions with cells in the top layers of the skin, which then release biological signals resulting in widespread antiinflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia L Nadworny
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Nadworny PL, Wang J, Tredget EE, Burrell RE. Anti-inflammatory activity of nanocrystalline silver-derived solutions in porcine contact dermatitis. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2010; 7:13. [PMID: 20170497 PMCID: PMC2841158 DOI: 10.1186/1476-9255-7-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2009] [Accepted: 02/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Nanocrystalline silver dressings have anti-inflammatory activity, unlike solutions containing Ag+ only, which may be due to dissolution of multiple silver species. These dressings can only be used to treat surfaces. Thus, silver-containing solutions with nanocrystalline silver properties could be valuable for treating hard-to-dress surfaces and inflammatory conditions of the lungs and bowels. This study tested nanocrystalline silver-derived solutions for anti-inflammatory activity. Methods Inflammation was induced on porcine backs using dinitrochlorobenzene. Negative and positive controls were treated with distilled water. Experimental groups were treated with solutions generated by dissolving nanocrystalline silver in distilled water adjusted to starting pHs of 4 (using CO2), 5.6 (as is), 7, and 9 (using Ca(OH)2). Solution samples were analyzed for total silver. Daily imaging, biopsying, erythema and oedema scoring, and treatments were performed for three days. Biopsies were processed for histology, immunohistochemistry (for IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, EGF, KGF, KGF-2, and apoptotic cells), and zymography (MMP-2 and -9). One-way ANOVAs with Tukey-Kramer post tests were used for statistical analyses. Results Animals treated with pH 7 and 9 solutions showed clear visual improvements. pH 9 solutions resulted in the most significant reductions in erythema and oedema scores. pH 4 and 7 solutions also reduced oedema scores. Histologically, all treatment groups demonstrated enhanced re-epithelialisation, with decreased inflammation. At 24 h, pMMP-2 expression was significantly lowered with pH 5.6 and 9 treatments, as was aMMP-2 expression with pH 9 treatments. In general, treatment with silver-containing solutions resulted in decreased TNF-α and IL-8 expression, with increased IL-4, EGF, KGF, and KGF-2 expression. At 24 h, apoptotic cells were detected mostly in the dermis with pH 4 and 9 treatments, nowhere with pH 5.6, and in both the epidermis and dermis with pH 7. Solution anti-inflammatory activity did not correlate with total silver content, as pH 4 solutions contained significantly more silver than all others. Conclusions Nanocrystalline silver-derived solutions appear to have anti-inflammatory/pro-healing activity, particularly with a starting pH of 9. Solutions generated differently may have varying concentrations of different silver species, only some of which are anti-inflammatory. Nanocrystalline silver-derived solutions show promise for a variety of anti-inflammatory treatment applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia L Nadworny
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, W7-002 ECERF, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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Suska F, Svensson S, Johansson A, Emanuelsson L, Karlholm H, Ohrlander M, Thomsen P. In vivoevaluation of noble metal coatings. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2010; 92:86-94. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Wijnhoven SW, Peijnenburg WJ, Herberts CA, Hagens WI, Oomen AG, Heugens EH, Roszek B, Bisschops J, Gosens I, Van De Meent D, Dekkers S, De Jong WH, van Zijverden M, Sips AJ, Geertsma RE. Nano-silver – a review of available data and knowledge gaps in human and environmental risk assessment. Nanotoxicology 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390902725914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 612] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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In vitro and murine efficacy and toxicity studies of nebulized SCC1, a methylated caffeine-silver(I) complex, for treatment of pulmonary infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2009; 53:3285-93. [PMID: 19451294 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00314-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The expanding clinical challenge of respiratory tract infections due to resistant bacteria necessitates the development of new forms of therapy. The development of a compound composed of silver coupled to a methylated caffeine carrier (silver carbene complex 1 [SCC1]) that demonstrated in vitro efficacy against bacteria, including drug-resistant organisms, isolated from patients with respiratory tract infections was described previously. The findings of current in vitro studies now suggest that bactericidal concentrations of SCC1 are not toxic to airway epithelial cells in primary culture. Thus, it was hypothesized that SCC1 could be administered by the aerosolized route to concentrate delivery to the lung while minimizing systemic toxicity. In vivo, aerosolized SCC1 delivered to mice resulted in mild aversion behavior, but it was otherwise well tolerated and did not cause lung inflammation following administration over a 5-day period. The therapeutic efficacy of SCC1 compared to that of water was shown in a 3-day prophylaxis protocol, in which mice infected with a clinical strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa had increased survival, decreased amounts of bacteria in the lung, and a lower prevalence of bacteremia. Similarly, by using an airway infection model in which bacteria were impacted in the airways by agarose beads, the administration of SCC1 was significantly superior to water in decreasing the lung bacterial burden and the levels of bacteremia and markers of airway inflammation. These observations indicate that aerosolized SCC1, a novel antimicrobial agent, warrants further study as a potential therapy for bacterial respiratory tract infections.
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Abstract
Pruritus represents a common and distressing feature of burn wounds. Over the last decades, significant advances in neuroanatomical and neurophysiological knowledge have resulted in the elucidation of the mediators and pathways involved in the transmission of pruritic impulses. A plethora of therapeutic approaches have been evaluated mostly in small-scale studies involving burns patients targeting both the peripheral and the central components of the neurologic pathway. Antihistamines, doxepin, massage therapy, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation are effective strategies to combat pruritus in burns patients. Recent studies have provided preliminary evidence regarding the effectiveness of gabapentin and ondansetron. The area of burns pruritus is under-researched and large-scale studies are required to reinforce the armamentarium of specialists with evidence-based regimens for the treatment of this highly distressing symptom.
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Junghanns JUAH, Müller RH. Nanocrystal technology, drug delivery and clinical applications. Int J Nanomedicine 2008; 3:295-309. [PMID: 18990939 PMCID: PMC2626933 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology will affect our lives tremendously over the next decade in very different fields, including medicine and pharmacy. Transfer of materials into the nanodimension changes their physical properties which were used in pharmaceutics to develop a new innovative formulation principle for poorly soluble drugs: the drug nanocrystals. The drug nanocrystals do not belong to the future; the first products are already on the market. The industrially relevant production technologies, pearl milling and high pressure homogenization, are reviewed. The physics behind the drug nanocrystals and changes of their physical properties are discussed. The marketed products are presented and the special physical effects ofnanocrystals explained which are utilized in each market product. Examples of products in the development pipelines (clinical phases) are presented and the benefits for in vivo administration of drug nanocrystals are summarized in an overview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens-Uwe A H Junghanns
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biotechnology and Quality Management, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Nadworny PL, Wang J, Tredget EE, Burrell RE. Anti-inflammatory activity of nanocrystalline silver in a porcine contact dermatitis model. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2008; 4:241-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2008.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2007] [Revised: 04/09/2008] [Accepted: 04/13/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Brooks JP, Malic CC, Judkins KC. Scratching the surface--Managing the itch associated with burns: a review of current knowledge. Burns 2008; 34:751-60. [PMID: 18375072 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2007.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2007] [Accepted: 11/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The problems of itch in burns patients are well recognised, however none of the current standard therapies are very effective. The standard therapies include: antihistamines which are only effective in about 20% of patients and emollients which have limited effects. We review the current literature on the molecular mechanisms of itch and neuronal itch pathways, which supports the predictable lack of effect of anti-histamines. The published studies on therapeutic options to treat itch in burns are discussed and in addition we review the work on the treatment of itch in other pathological states. Finally a treatment algorithm is proposed stratifying possible therapeutic options to assist in the management of burns patients distressed by intractable itch.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Brooks
- Manchester Burns Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester, Southmoor Road, Manchester, UK.
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Sibbald RG, Contreras-Ruiz J, Coutts P, Fierheller M, Rothman A, Woo K. Bacteriology, inflammation, and healing: a study of nanocrystalline silver dressings in chronic venous leg ulcers. Adv Skin Wound Care 2008; 20:549-58. [PMID: 17906429 DOI: 10.1097/01.asw.0000294757.05049.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healing of venous leg ulcers (VLUs) is often stalled despite compression therapy. Increased bacterial burden and chronic inflammation are 2 factors that may prevent these chronic VLUs (CVLUs) from healing. There is evidence that nanocrystalline silver dressings may reduce bacterial levels, decrease the chronic inflammatory response, and thus promote wound healing. OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of a nanocrystalline silver barrier dressing on wound microflora, wound inflammation, and healing in CVLUs. METHOD Stalled VLUs in 15 patients were managed using nanocrystalline silver dressings under 4-layer compression bandages. Paired skin biopsies at baseline and at an average of study week 6.5 were analyzed for bacteria and inflammatory infiltrates. Serum silver levels were monitored, and wound healing was assessed using planimetry. RESULTS VLUs in 4 patients healed, and 8 other patients completed the 12-week study. There was a significant reduction in the log10 total bacterial count between baseline and final biopsies (P = .011). Greater numbers of lymphocytes were associated with an increased reduction of ulcer size at week 6.5 and final assessment at week 12 (P < .05). Heavy neutrophilic infiltration in skin biopsies at week 6.5 was associated with high bacterial counts and delayed healing (P = .037). The median reduction in ulcer surface area for all patients was 83.5%. Serum silver levels increased slightly, but values were within the normal range. CONCLUSION A nanocrystalline silver dressing combined with 4-layer bandaging was safe and successful in promoting healing in stalled CVLUs. Healing was associated with a reduction in wound bacteria and neutrophilic inflammation with an associated persistent or high lymphocyte count, as determined by wound biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gary Sibbald
- Public Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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