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Zhai Y, Ye SY, Wang QS, Xiong RP, Fu SY, Du H, Xu YW, Peng Y, Huang ZZ, Yang N, Zhao Y, Ning YL, Li P, Zhou YG. Overexpressed ski efficiently promotes neurorestoration, increases neuronal regeneration, and reduces astrogliosis after traumatic brain injury. Gene Ther 2023; 30:75-87. [PMID: 35132206 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-022-00320-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors suffer from long-term disability and neuropsychiatric sequelae due to irreparable brain tissue destruction. However, there are still few efficient therapies to promote neurorestoration in damaged brain tissue. This study aimed to investigate whether the pro-oncogenic gene ski can promote neurorestoration after TBI. We established a ski-overexpressing experimental TBI mouse model using adenovirus-mediated overexpression through immediate injection after injury. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, MRI-based 3D lesion volume reconstruction, neurobehavioral tests, and analyses of neuronal regeneration and astrogliosis were used to assess neurorestorative efficiency. The effects of ski overexpression on the proliferation of cultured immature neurons and astrocytes were evaluated using imaging flow cytometry. The Ski protein level increased in the perilesional region at 3 days post injury. ski overexpression further elevated Ski protein levels up to 14 days post injury. Lesion volume was attenuated by approximately 36-55% after ski overexpression, with better neurobehavioral recovery, more newborn immature and mature neurons, and less astrogliosis in the perilesional region. Imaging flow cytometry results showed that ski overexpression elevated the proliferation rate of immature neurons and reduced the proliferation rate of astrocytes. These results show that ski can be considered a novel neurorestoration-related gene that effectively promotes neurorestoration, facilitates neuronal regeneration, and reduces astrogliosis after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhai
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Yang Ye
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Shi Wang
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-Ping Xiong
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Yu Fu
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Du
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Wei Xu
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Peng
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Zhong Huang
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Yang
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhao
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Lei Ning
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuan-Guo Zhou
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Dong Y, Zhu W, Lei X, Luo X, Xiang Q, Zhu X, Pan Q, Jin P, Cheng B. Treatment of Acute Wounds With Recombinant Human-Like Collagen and Recombinant Human-Like Fibronectin in C57BL/6 Mice Individually or in Combination. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:908585. [PMID: 35662842 PMCID: PMC9160431 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.908585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound repair is accomplished by the interaction between the cells involved in the repair and the extracellular matrix (ECM). Collagen is the main component of ECM, which is involved in transduction of signal, transportation of growth factors and cytokines. Fibronectin (FN) is also an important ECM, which participates in the initiation of fibroblast cell (FC) and promotes adhesion, migration, proliferation and differentiation of target cells. Compared with natural protein, the recombinant protein prepared by artificial method has the advantages of poor immunogenicity, wide range of sources, low cost and high activity. In this study, we used recombinant human-like collagen (RHC) and recombinant human-like fibronectin (rhFN) to treat acute wounds in C57BL/6 mice individually or in combination, and explored their effects on wound healing. Our study confirmed that these two recombinant proteins could effectively promote the proliferation, migration and adhesion of FCs. Meanwhile, it could positively regulate the healing speed and quality of acute wounds, re-epithelialization, collagen deposition, inflammation and angiogenesis. Moreover, we proved that the combination of the two was better than the treatment alone. Consequently, it has a good prospect as a new tissue material in the field of skin repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqing Dong
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Zhu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Lei
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Pathology, Amsterdam UMC and Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Science, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Xin Luo
- Institute of Biomedicine and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Xiang
- Institute of Biomedicine and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuanru Zhu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiao Pan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Panshi Jin
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Biao Cheng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Biao Cheng,
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Peng Y, Xiong RP, Zhang ZH, Ning YL, Zhao Y, Tan SW, Zhou YG, Li P. Ski promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis in fibroblasts under high-glucose conditions via the FoxO1 pathway. Cell Prolif 2020; 54:e12971. [PMID: 33349993 PMCID: PMC7849170 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study clarified the role and signalling pathway of Ski in regulating proliferation and apoptosis in fibroblasts under high-glucose (HG) conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS The proliferation and apoptosis of rat primary fibroblasts were assessed using EdU incorporation and TUNEL assays. The protein and phosphorylation levels of the corresponding factors were measured using immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting. Immunoprecipitation was used to determine the interactions between Ski and FoxO1 or Ski and HDAC1. The Ski protein was overexpressed via recombinant adenovirus transfection, and FoxO1 and HDAC1 were knocked down using targeted small-interfering RNA. RESULTS The present study found that HG inhibited fibroblast proliferation, increased apoptosis and reduced Ski levels in rat primary fibroblasts. Conversely, increasing Ski protein levels alleviated HG-induced proliferation inhibition and apoptosis promotion. Increasing Ski protein levels also increased Ski binding to FoxO1 to decrease FoxO1 acetylation, and interfering with FoxO1 caused loss of the regulatory effect of Ski in fibroblasts under HG. Increasing Ski protein levels decreased FoxO1 acetylation via HDAC1-mediated deacetylation. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, these findings confirmed for the first time that Ski regulated fibroblast proliferation and apoptosis under HG conditions via the FoxO1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Peng
- Department of Army Occupational Disease, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ren-Ping Xiong
- Department of Army Occupational Disease, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zhuo-Hang Zhang
- Department of Army Occupational Disease, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ya-Lei Ning
- Department of Army Occupational Disease, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Army Occupational Disease, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Si-Wei Tan
- Department of Army Occupational Disease, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan-Guo Zhou
- Department of Army Occupational Disease, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Army Occupational Disease, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
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Liao HY, Da CM, Wu ZL, Zhang HH. Ski: Double roles in cancers. Clin Biochem 2020; 87:1-12. [PMID: 33188772 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2020.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Ski (Sloan-Kettering Institute) is an evolutionarily conserved protein that plays a dual role as an oncoprotein and tumor suppressor gene in the development of human cancer. The Ski oncogene was first identified as a transforming protein of the avian Sloan-Kettering retrovirus in 1986. Since its discovery, Ski has been identified as a carcinogenic regulator in a variety of malignant tumors. Later, it was reported that Ski regulates the occurrence and development of some cancers by acting as an oncogene. Ski mediates the proliferation, differentiation, metastasis, and invasion of numerous cancer cells through various mechanisms. Several studies have shown that Ski expression is correlated with the clinical characteristics of cancer patients and is a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for cancer. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms and potential clinical implications of Ski in dimorphism, cancer occurrence, and progression in various types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yang Liao
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, 82 Cuiying Men, Lanzhou 730030, PR China; Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Chao-Ming Da
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, 82 Cuiying Men, Lanzhou 730030, PR China; Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Zuo-Long Wu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, 82 Cuiying Men, Lanzhou 730030, PR China; Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Hai-Hong Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, 82 Cuiying Men, Lanzhou 730030, PR China; Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
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5
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Zomer HD, Jeremias TDS, Ratner B, Trentin AG. Mesenchymal stromal cells from dermal and adipose tissues induce macrophage polarization to a pro-repair phenotype and improve skin wound healing. Cytotherapy 2020; 22:247-260. [PMID: 32234290 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The process of wound healing restores skin homeostasis but not full functionality; thus, novel therapeutic strategies are needed to accelerate wound closure and improve the quality of healing. In this context, tissue engineering and cellular therapies are promising approaches. Although sharing essential characteristics, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from different tissues might have distinct properties. Therefore, the aim of this study was to comparatively investigate, by a mouse model in vivo assay, the potential use of dermal-derived MSCs (DSCs) and adipose tissue-derived MSCs (ASCs) in improving skin wound healing. Human DSCs and ASCs were delivered to full-thickness mouse wounds by a collagen-based scaffold (Integra Matrix). We found that the association of both DSCs and ASCs with the Integra accelerated wound closure in mice compared with the biomaterial only (control). Both types of MSCs stimulated angiogenesis and extracellular matrix remodeling, leading to better quality scars. However, the DSCs showed smaller scar size,superior extracellular matrix deposition, and greater number of cutaneous appendages. Besides, DSCs and ASCs reduced inflammation by induction of macrophage polarization from a pro-inflammatory (M1) to a pro-repair (M2) phenotype. In conclusion, both DSCs and ASCs were able to accelerate the healing of mice skin wounds and promote repair with scars of better quality and more similar to healthy skin than the empty scaffold. DSCs associated with Integra induced superior overall results than the Integra alone, whereas scaffolds with ASCs showed an intermediate effect, often not significantly better than the empty biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Debiazi Zomer
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Talita da Silva Jeremias
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Buddy Ratner
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Andrea Goncalves Trentin
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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6
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Wang J, Han M, Han SX, Zhi C, Gao S, Li Y. Effect of c-Ski on atrial remodelling in a rapid atrial pacing canine model. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:1795-1803. [PMID: 31815360 PMCID: PMC6991632 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrosis is an important factor in the initiation and maintenance of atrial fibrillation (AF); therefore, understanding the pathogenesis of atrial fibrosis may reveal promising therapeutic targets for AF. In this study, we successfully established a rapid atrial pacing canine model and found that the inducibility and duration of AF were significantly reduced by the overexpression of c‐Ski, suggesting that this approach may have therapeutic effects. c‐Ski was found to be down‐regulated in the atrial tissues of the rapid atrial pacing canine model. We artificially up‐regulated c‐Ski expression with a c‐Ski–overexpressing adenovirus. Haematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome and picrosirius red staining showed that c‐Ski overexpression alleviated atrial fibrosis. Furthermore, we found that the expression levels of collagen III and α‐SMA were higher in the groups of dogs subjected to right‐atrial pacing, and this increase was attenuated by c‐Ski overexpression. In addition, c‐Ski overexpression decreased the phosphorylation of smad2, smad3 and p38 MAPK (p38α and p38β) as well as the expression of TGF‐β1 in atrial tissues, as shown by a comparison of the right‐atrial pacing + c‐Ski‐overexpression group to the control group with right‐atrial pacing only. These results suggest that c‐Ski overexpression improves atrial remodelling in a rapid atrial pacing canine model by suppressing TGF‐β1–Smad signalling and p38 MAPK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital to Xin Jiang Medical University, Urumchi, Xin Jiang, China
| | - Min Han
- Xin Jiang Medical University, Urumchi, Xin Jiang, China
| | - Su-Xia Han
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Health University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuiju Zhi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Health University, Shanghai, China
| | - Suli Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Health University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Health University, Shanghai, China
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Sun GF, Li HC, Zhan YP, Zhang XF, Pan LY, Chen YF, Xu K, Feng DX. SnoN residue (1-366) attenuates hypertrophic scars through resistance to transforming growth factor-β1-induced degradation. J Transl Med 2019; 99:1861-1873. [PMID: 31409891 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-019-0302-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scars (HSs) are characterized by fibroblast hyperproliferation and excessive matrix deposition. During wound healing, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/Smad signaling acts as a key regulator. As a transcriptional corepressor of TGF-β1/Smads, SnoN is expressed at low levels in many fibrotic diseases due to TGF-β1/Smad-induced degradation. SnoN residue (1-366; SR) is resistant to TGF-β1-induced degradation. However, the expression and role of SR in HSs are unknown. Here, we inhibited TGF-β1/Smad signaling via overexpression of SR to block fibroblast transdifferentiation, proliferation, and collagen deposition during HS formation. Our results showed that SnoN was downregulated in HS fibroblasts (HSFs) owing to TGF-β1/Smad-induced degradation. Overexpression of SR in normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) and HSFs successfully blocked phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, thereby inhibiting NHDF transdifferentiation and HSF proliferation and reducing type I collagen (ColI) and type III collagen (ColIII) production and secretion. In addition, we applied overexpressed full-length SnoN (SF) and SR to wound granulation tissue in a rabbit model of HSs. SR reduced wound scarring, improved collagen deposition and arrangement of scar tissue, and decreased mRNA and protein expression of ColI, ColIII, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) more effectively than SF in vivo. These results suggest that SR could be a promising therapy for the prevention of HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Fang Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Hong-Chang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yue-Ping Zhan
- Central Laboratory, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiao-Fen Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Li-Yun Pan
- Department of General Surgery, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Ya-Feng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Ke Xu
- Central Laboratory, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Dian-Xu Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China.
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Zhao X, Wei Z, Li D, Yang Z, Tian M, Kang P. Glucocorticoid Enhanced the Expression of Ski in Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head: The Effect on Adipogenesis of Rabbit BMSCs. Calcif Tissue Int 2019; 105:506-517. [PMID: 31359074 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-019-00592-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid (GC)-induced osteonecrosis has been considered as the most serious side effect in long-term or over-dose steroid therapy. The decreased bone mass and increased marrow fat tissue demonstrated that GC can destroy the normal differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), which accelerates adipogenesis but not osteogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Ski, an evolutionary conserved protein, is a multifunctional transcriptional regulator that involved in regulating signaling pathways associated with adipogenesis differentiation, but the concrete function remains unclear. In this work, we first established a methylprednisolone (MPS)-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH) rabbit model, in which the expression of Ski, PPAR-γ, and FABP4 was up-regulated compared with control group, and then we induced the isolated BMSCs from rabbit with dexamethasone (Dex) in vitro and the results showed that the Ski expression was up-regulated by Dex in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Therefore, we demonstrated that the expression of Ski was up-regulated in glucocorticoid-related osteonecrosis disease in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the adipogenesis differentiation capacity of BMSCs was enhanced after induced by Dex, which was identified by Oil Red O staining, and the up-regulated PPAR-γ and FABP4 expression. To further study the function of Ski in BMSC after induced by Dex, Ski specific small interfering RNA (Ski-siRNA) was used. Results showed that knockdown of Ski obviously decreased adipogenesis differentiation evident by Oil Red O staining, and the expression of PPAR-γ and FABP4 was down-regulated simultaneously. Collectively, our findings suggest that Ski increased significantly during glucocorticoid-induced adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs, and the expression level was consistent with adipogenic-related proteins including PPAR-γ and FABP4. Based on the above data, we believe that Ski might become a new molecule in the treatment of GC-induced ONFH and our study could provide a basis for further study on the detailed function of Ski in ONFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wainan Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhun Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wainan Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghai Li
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wainan Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhouyuan Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wainan Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Tian
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan Univerisity, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Pengde Kang
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wainan Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Coentro JQ, Pugliese E, Hanley G, Raghunath M, Zeugolis DI. Current and upcoming therapies to modulate skin scarring and fibrosis. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 146:37-59. [PMID: 30172924 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Skin is the largest organ of the human body. Being the interface between the body and the outer environment, makes it susceptible to physical injury. To maintain life, nature has endowed skin with a fast healing response that invariably ends in the formation of scar at the wounded dermal area. In many cases, skin remodelling may be impaired, leading to local hypertrophic scars or keloids. One should also consider that the scarring process is part of the wound healing response, which always starts with inflammation. Thus, scarring can also be induced in the dermis, in the absence of an actual wound, during chronic inflammatory processes. Considering the significant portion of the population that is subject to abnormal scarring, this review critically discusses the state-of-the-art and upcoming therapies in skin scarring and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Q Coentro
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI, Galway), Galway, Ireland; Science Foundation Ireland (SFI), Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI, Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - Eugenia Pugliese
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI, Galway), Galway, Ireland; Science Foundation Ireland (SFI), Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI, Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - Geoffrey Hanley
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI, Galway), Galway, Ireland; Science Foundation Ireland (SFI), Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI, Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - Michael Raghunath
- Center for Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Institute for Chemistry and Biotechnology (ICBT), Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Dimitrios I Zeugolis
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI, Galway), Galway, Ireland; Science Foundation Ireland (SFI), Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI, Galway), Galway, Ireland.
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10
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Li P, Liu P, Peng Y, Zhang ZH, Li XM, Xiong RP, Chen X, Zhao Y, Ning YL, Yang N, Zhang B, Zhou YG. The ERK/CREB pathway is involved in the c-Ski expression induced by low TGF-β1 concentrations during primary fibroblast proliferation. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:1319-1328. [PMID: 29950153 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1480221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has suggested that bidirectional regulation of cell proliferation is one important effect of TGF-β1 in wound healing. Increased c-Ski expression plays a role in promoting fibroblast proliferation at low TGF-β1 concentrations, but the mechanism by which low TGF-β1 concentrations regulate c-Ski levels remains unclear. In this study, the proliferation of rat primary fibroblasts was assessed with an ELISA BrdU kit. The mRNA and protein expression and phosphorylation levels of corresponding factors were measured by RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry or Western blotting. We first found that low TGF-β1 concentrations not only promoted c-ski mRNA and protein expression in rat primary fibroblasts but also increased the phosphorylation levels of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinases (ERK) and cAMP response element binding (CREB) protein. An ERK kinase (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, MEK) inhibitor significantly inhibited ERK1/2 phosphorylation levels, markedly reducing c-Ski expression and CREB phosphorylation levels and abrogating the growth-promoting effect of low TGF-β1 concentrations. At the same time, Smad2/3 phosphorylation levels were not significantly changed. Taken together, these results suggest that the increased cell proliferation induced by low TGF-β1 concentrations mediates c-Ski expression potentially through the ERK/CREB pathway rather than through the classic TGF-β1/Smad pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- a The Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Liu
- a The Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China.,b Department 4, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Peng
- a The Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo-Hang Zhang
- a The Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ming Li
- b Department 4, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-Ping Xiong
- a The Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Chen
- a The Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhao
- a The Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Lei Ning
- a The Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Yang
- a The Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- b Department 4, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Guo Zhou
- a The Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
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11
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Zhao X, Zhou K, Li Z, Nan W, Wang J, Xia Y, Zhang H. Knockdown of Ski decreased the reactive astrocytes proliferation in vitro induced by oxygen‐glucose deprivation/reoxygenation. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:4548-4558. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouPR China
- Orthopaedics Key laboratory of Gansu ProvinceLanzhouPR China
| | - Kai‐Sheng Zhou
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouPR China
- Orthopaedics Key laboratory of Gansu ProvinceLanzhouPR China
| | - Zhong‐Hao Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouPR China
- Orthopaedics Key laboratory of Gansu ProvinceLanzhouPR China
| | - Wei Nan
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouPR China
- Orthopaedics Key laboratory of Gansu ProvinceLanzhouPR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Orthopaedics Key laboratory of Gansu ProvinceLanzhouPR China
| | - Ya‐Yi Xia
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouPR China
| | - Hai‐Hong Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouPR China
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12
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Górnikiewicz B, Ronowicz A, Madanecki P, Sachadyn P. Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of the regenerative MRL/MpJ mouse and two normal strains. Epigenomics 2017; 9:1105-1122. [DOI: 10.2217/epi-2017-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: We aimed to identify the pivotal differences in the DNA methylation profiles between the regeneration capable MRL/MpJ mouse and reference mouse strains. Materials & methods: Global DNA methylation profiling was performed in ear pinnae, bone marrow, spleen, liver and heart from uninjured adult females of the MRL/MpJ and C57BL/6J and BALB/c. Results & conclusion: A number of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) distinguishing between the MRL/MpJ mouse and both references were identified. In the ear pinnae, the DMRs were enriched in genes associated with development, inflammation and apoptosis, and in binding sites of transcriptional modulator Smad1. Several DMRs overlapped previously mapped quantitative trait loci of regenerative capability. The results suggest potential epigenetic determinants of regenerative phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Górnikiewicz
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology & Microbiology, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna Ronowicz
- Department of Biology & Pharmaceutical Botany of Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Madanecki
- Department of Biology & Pharmaceutical Botany of Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Paweł Sachadyn
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology & Microbiology, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
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13
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Teo Z, Chan JSK, Chong HC, Sng MK, Choo CC, Phua GZM, Teo DJR, Zhu P, Choong C, Wong MTC, Tan NS. Angiopoietin-like 4 induces a β-catenin-mediated upregulation of ID3 in fibroblasts to reduce scar collagen expression. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6303. [PMID: 28740178 PMCID: PMC5524754 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05869-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In adult skin wounds, collagen expression rapidly re-establishes the skin barrier, although the resultant scar is aesthetically and functionally inferior to unwounded tissue. Although TGFβ signaling and fibroblasts are known to be responsible for scar-associated collagen production, there are currently no prophylactic treatments for scar management. Fibroblasts in crosstalk with wound keratinocytes orchestrate collagen expression, although the precise paracrine pathways involved remain poorly understood. Herein, we showed that the matricellular protein, angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4), accelerated wound closure and reduced collagen expression in diabetic and ANGPTL4-knockout mice. Similar observations were made in wild-type rat wounds. Using human fibroblasts as a preclinical model for mechanistic studies, we systematically elucidated that ANGPTL4 binds to cadherin-11, releasing membrane-bound β-catenin which translocate to the nucleus and transcriptionally upregulate the expression of Inhibitor of DNA-binding/differentiation protein 3 (ID3). ID3 interacts with scleraxis, a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, to inhibit scar-associated collagen types 1α2 and 3α1 production by fibroblasts. We also showed ANGPTL4 interaction with cadherin-11 in human scar tissue. Our findings highlight a central role for matricellular proteins such as ANGPTL4 in the attenuation of collagen expression and may have a broader implication for other fibrotic pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Teo
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore.
| | - Jeremy Soon Kiat Chan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore.
| | - Han Chung Chong
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore.,Denova Sciences Pte. Ltd., Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ming Keat Sng
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Chee Chong Choo
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Glendon Zhi Ming Phua
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Daniel Jin Rong Teo
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Pengcheng Zhu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Cleo Choong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | | | - Nguan Soon Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore. .,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Experimental Medicine Building, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 636921, Singapore. .,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, A*STAR, Singapore, 138673, Singapore. .,KK Research Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore.
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Rahimnejad M, Derakhshanfar S, Zhong W. Biomaterials and tissue engineering for scar management in wound care. BURNS & TRAUMA 2017; 5:4. [PMID: 28127573 PMCID: PMC5251275 DOI: 10.1186/s41038-017-0069-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Scars are a natural and unavoidable result from most wound repair procedures and the body's physiological healing response. However, they scars can cause considerable functional impairment and emotional and social distress. There are different forms of treatments that have been adopted to manage or eliminate scar formation. This review covers the latest research in the past decade on using either natural agents or synthetic biomaterials in treatments for scar reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wen Zhong
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB Canada
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15
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Peng Y, Li P, Zhao ZA, Chen L, Zhao XG, Chen X, Zhao Y, Xiong RP, Ning YL, Yang N, Ye J, Zhou YG. Comparative evaluation of the wound-healing potency of recombinant bFGF and ski gene therapy in rats. Growth Factors 2016; 34:119-27. [PMID: 27418111 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2016.1200570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that cellular Sloan-Kettering Institute (c-Ski) played a dual role, both promoting wound healing and alleviating scar formation. However, its mechanism and therapeutic effects are not clear, especially compared with widely used treatments, such as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) administration. However, Ski treatment led to an even shorter healing time and a more significant reduction in scar area than bFGF treatment. The mechanism underlying this difference was related to a reduced inflammatory response, more rapid re-epithelialization, less collagen after healing and a greater reduction in the proportion of alpha-smooth muscle actin and SMemb-positive cells after Ski treatment. These results not only confirm that Ski plays a dual role in promoting healing and reducing scarring but also suggest that Ski yields better treatment effects than bFGF, indicating better potential therapeutic effects in wound repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Peng
- a The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , China and
| | - Ping Li
- a The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , China and
| | - Zi-Ai Zhao
- a The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , China and
| | - Lei Chen
- a The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , China and
| | - Xiao-Guang Zhao
- a The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , China and
| | - Xing Chen
- a The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , China and
| | - Yan Zhao
- a The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , China and
| | - Ren-Ping Xiong
- a The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , China and
| | - Ya-Lei Ning
- a The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , China and
| | - Nan Yang
- a The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , China and
| | - Jian Ye
- b Department of Ophthalmology , Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , China
| | - Yuan-Guo Zhou
- a The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , China and
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16
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MiR-1908 promotes scar formation post-burn wound healing by suppressing Ski-mediated inflammation and fibroblast proliferation. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 366:371-380. [PMID: 27256397 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2434-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The cell biological basis for scar formation is mainly via excessive fibroblast proliferation accompanied by hypernomic Col I accumulation and inflammation. The role of miR-1908 in scar formation has not been investigated. In this study, we found that miR-1908 expression was inversely associated with the scar suppressor Ski in normal, burn-wounded, healing and scar dermal tissues in humans. Bioinformatics and luciferase reporter gene assays confirmed that miR-1908 targeted the 3'UTR region of Ski mRNA and suppressed Ski expression. Next, human scar epidermal fibroblasts were isolated and the miR-1908 oligonucleotide mimic and inhibitor were respectively transfected into the cells. Western blot analysis proved that Ski expression was sharply reduced by the miR-1908 mimic. MTT and Cell Counting Kit-8 analyses showed that miR-1908 mimic transfection promoted cell proliferation. Simultaneously, data on real-time qPCR analysis indicated that expression of the fibrotic master gene TGF-β1, Ski-suppressing gene Meox2, Col I and proinflammatory markers IL-1α and TNF-α, were all significantly upregulated. In contrast, the miR-1908 inhibitor had a completely opposite effect on cell proliferation and gene expression. The mimic and inhibitor were locally injected into rats with abdominal burn-wounded scars during a 180-day, post-healing experiment. The miR-1908 mimic injection significantly reduced Ski expression, as well as the area, volume and fibrosis of scars in vivo. And, in contrast, the miR-1908 inhibitor injection had an opposite effect to that of the miR-1908 mimic injection. In conclusion, miR-1908 had a positive role in scar formation by suppressing Ski-mediated inflammation and fibroblast proliferation in vitro and in vivo.
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17
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Chen Z, Li W, Ning Y, Liu T, Shao J, Wang Y. Ski diminishes TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast phenotype via up-regulating Meox2 expression. Exp Mol Pathol 2014; 97:542-9. [PMID: 25445500 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present work was to investigate the mechanism of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and Sloan-Kettering Institute (Ski) in the pathogenesis of hypertrophic scars (HS). BACKGROUND Wound healing is an inherent process, but the aberrant wound healing of skin injury may lead to HS. There has been growing evidence suggesting a role for TGF-β1 and Ski in the pathogenesis of fibrosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS The MTT assay was used to detect the cell proliferation induced by TGF-β1. The Ski gene was transduced into cells with an adenovirus, and then the function of Ski in cell proliferation and differentiation was observed. Ski mRNA levels were measured by RT-PCR. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of α-SMA, E-cadherin, Meox1, Meox2, Zeb1 and Zeb2. RESULTS TGF-β1 can promote human skin fibroblast (HSF) cell proliferation in a time-dependent manner, but the promoting effect could be suppressed by Ski. TGF-β1 also induces the formation of the myofibroblast phenotype and the effect of TGF-β1 could be diminished by Ski. Also, Ski modulates the cardiac myofibroblast phenotype and function through suppression of Zeb2 by up-regulating the expression of Meox2. CONCLUSIONS Ski diminishes the myofibroblast phenotype induced by TGF-β1 through the suppression of Zeb2 by up-regulating the expression of Meox2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowei Chen
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Liao Cheng Hospital, Liao Cheng 252000, China.
| | - Wenjing Li
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Liao Cheng Hospital, Liao Cheng 252000, China
| | - Yan Ning
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Liao Cheng Hospital, Liao Cheng 252000, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Liao Cheng Hospital, Liao Cheng 252000, China
| | - Jingxiang Shao
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Liao Cheng Hospital, Liao Cheng 252000, China
| | - Yaojun Wang
- Department of Burns and Skin Surgery, Xi Jing Hospital, Xian 710032, China
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18
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Jasson F, Nagy I, Knol AC, Zuliani T, Khammari A, Dréno B. Different strains ofPropionibacterium acnesmodulate differently the cutaneous innate immunity. Exp Dermatol 2013; 22:587-92. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.12206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Istvan Nagy
- Institute of Biochemistry; Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Szeged; Hungary
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Common threads in cardiac fibrosis, infarct scar formation, and wound healing. FIBROGENESIS & TISSUE REPAIR 2012; 5:19. [PMID: 23114500 PMCID: PMC3534582 DOI: 10.1186/1755-1536-5-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing, cardiac fibrosis, and infarct scar development, while possessing distinct features, share a number of key functional similarities, including extracellular matrix synthesis and remodeling by fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. Understanding the underlying mechanisms that are common to these processes may suggest novel therapeutic approaches for pathologic situations such as fibrosis, or defective wound healing such as hypertrophic scarring or keloid formation. This manuscript will briefly review the major steps of wound healing, and will contrast this process with how cardiac infarct scar formation or interstitial fibrosis occurs. The feasibility of targeting common pro-fibrotic growth factor signaling pathways will be discussed. Finally, the potential exploitation of novel regulators of wound healing and fibrosis (ski and scleraxis), will be examined.
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20
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Diaz M, Martel N, Fitzsimmons RL, Eriksson NA, Cowin GJ, Thomas GP, Cao KAL, Muscat GEO, Leong GM. Ski overexpression in skeletal muscle modulates genetic programs that control susceptibility to diet-induced obesity and insulin signaling. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2012; 20:2157-67. [PMID: 22513493 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2012.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Transgenic mice overexpressing chicken Ski (c-Ski) have marked decrease in adipose mass with skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Recent evidence indicates a role for c-Ski in lipogenesis and energy expenditure. In the present study, wild type (WT) and c-Ski mice were challenged on a high-fat (HF) diet to determine whether c-Ski mice were resistant to diet-induced obesity. During the HF feeding WT mice gained significantly more weight than chow-fed animals, while c-Ski mice were partially resistant to the effects of the HF diet on weight. Body composition analysis confirmed the decreased adipose mass in c-Ski mice compared to WT mice. c-Ski mice possess a similar metabolic rate and level of food consumption to WT littermates, despite lower activity levels and on chow diet show mild glucose intolerance relative to WT littermates. On HF diet, glucose tolerance surprisingly remained unchanged in c-Ski mice, while it became worse in WT mice. Skeletal muscle of c-Ski mice exhibit impaired insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation and glucose uptake. In concordance, gene expression profiling of skeletal muscle of chow and HF-fed mice indicated that Ski suppresses gene expression associated with insulin signaling and glucose uptake and alters gene pathways involved in myogenesis and adipogenesis. In conclusion, c-Ski mice are partially resistant to diet-induced obesity and display aberrant insulin signaling and glucose homeostasis which is associated with alterations in gene expression that inhibit lipogenesis and insulin signaling. These results suggest Ski plays a major role in skeletal muscle metabolism and adipogenesis and hence influences risk of obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Diaz
- The University of Queensland, Obesity Research Centre, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Queensland, Australia
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21
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Li J, Li P, Zhang Y, Li GB, Zhou YG, Yang K, Dai SS. c-Ski inhibits the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells via suppressing Smad3 signaling but stimulating p38 pathway. Cell Signal 2012; 25:159-67. [PMID: 22986000 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Revised: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 09/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays key roles in the progression of intimal hyperplasia, but the molecular mechanisms that trigger VSMC proliferation after vascular injury remain unclear. c-Ski, a co-repressor of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)/Smad signaling, was detected to express in VSMC of rat artery. During the course of arterial VSMC proliferation induced by balloon injury in rat, the endogenous protein expressions of c-Ski decreased markedly in a time-dependent manner. In vivo c-Ski gene delivery was found to significantly suppress balloon injury-induced VSMC proliferation and neointima formation. Further investigation in A10 rat aortic smooth muscle cells demonstrated that overexpression of c-Ski gene inhibited TGF-β1 (1 ng/ml)-induced A10 cell proliferation while knockdown of c-Ski by RNAi enhanced the stimulatory effect of TGF-β1 on A10 cell growth. Western blot for signaling detection showed that suppression of Smad3 phosphorylation while stimulating p38 signaling associated with upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p27 was responsible for the inhibitory effect of c-Ski on TGF-β1-induced VSMC proliferation. These data suggest that the decrease of endogenous c-Ski expression is implicated in the progression of VSMC proliferation after arterial injury and c-Ski administration represents a promising role for treating intimal hyperplasia via inhibiting the proliferation of VSMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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22
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Bonnon C, Atanasoski S. c-Ski in health and disease. Cell Tissue Res 2011; 347:51-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-011-1180-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 04/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Li P, Liu P, Xiong RP, Chen XY, Zhao Y, Lu WP, Liu X, Ning YL, Yang N, Zhou YG. Ski, a modulator of wound healing and scar formation in the rat skin and rabbit ear. J Pathol 2011; 223:659-71. [DOI: 10.1002/path.2831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2010] [Revised: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 11/24/2010] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Cunnington RH, Wang B, Ghavami S, Bathe KL, Rattan SG, Dixon IMC. Antifibrotic properties of c-Ski and its regulation of cardiac myofibroblast phenotype and contractility. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2010; 300:C176-86. [PMID: 20943957 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00050.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac myofibroblasts are key players in chronic remodeling of the cardiac extracellular matrix, which is mediated in part by elevated transforming growth factor-β₁ (TGF-β₁). The c-Ski proto-oncoprotein has been shown to modify TGF-β₁ post-receptor signaling through receptor-activated Smads (R-Smads); however, little is known about how c-Ski regulates fibroblast phenotype and function. We sought to elucidate the function of c-Ski in primary cardiac myofibroblasts using a c-Ski overexpression system. Cardiac myofibroblasts expressed three forms of c-Ski with the predominant band at 105 kDa, and adenoviral c-Ski treatment resulted in overexpression of 95-kDa c-Ski in cellular nuclei. Exogenous c-Ski led to significant inhibition of type I collagen secretion and myofibroblast contractility using two-dimensional semifloating gel contraction assay in both basal and with TGF-β₁ (10 ng/ml for 24 h) stimulation. Overexpressed c-Ski did not inhibit nuclear translocation of phosphorylated R-Smad2, despite their binding, as demonstrated by immunoprecipitation. Acute treatment of primary myofibroblasts with TGF-β₁ in vitro revealed a marked nuclear shuttling of c-Ski at 24 and 48 h following stimulation. Remarkably, overexpression of c-Ski led to a stepwise reduction of the myofibroblast marker α-smooth muscle actin with increasing multiplicity of infection, and these results indicate that 95-kDa c-Ski overexpression may effect a loss of the myofibroblastic phenotype. Furthermore, adenovirus (Ad) for hemagglutinin-tagged c-Ski infection led to a reduction in the number of myofibroblasts versus Ad-LacZ-infected and uninfected controls, due to induction of apoptosis. Finally, we observed a significant increase in 105-kDa c-Ski in the cytosolic fraction of cells of the infarct scar and adjacent remnant myocardium vs. noninfarcted controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan H Cunnington
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Rosensteel SM, Wilson RP, White SL, Ehrlich HP. COL1A1 oligodeoxynucleotides decoy: biochemical and morphologic effects in an acute wound repair model. Exp Mol Pathol 2010; 89:307-13. [PMID: 20647009 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2010.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Revised: 06/29/2010] [Accepted: 07/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Type I collagen is an integral component of granulation tissue and scar, that is highly dependent on TGFβ1, a member of a pro-fibrotic family of cytokines, for its promotion and deposition. Blocking COL1A1 gene transcription obstructs type I collagen synthesis, hindering the progress of granulation tissue deposition and fibrosis. Local injections of a double stranded oligodeoxynucleotide (dsODN) decoy, containing the TGFβ1 regulatory element that is located in the distal promoter of the COL1A1 gene, were investigated in a rat polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) sponge granulation tissue implant model. The effects on the granulation tissue deposition by dsODN decoy therapy were evaluated by the synthesis of types I and III collagens as well as ED-A (cellular) fibronectin. Fluorescently labeled dsODN was used to identify the distribution of the decoy molecules in the sponge implant relative to the observed histological effects. Morphological alterations in cells and changes in the organization of connective tissue were documented and evaluated. Collagen levels were reduced by half in implants treated with 10 nM dsODN decoy compared to scrambled dsODN-treated implants. Histologically, dsODN decoy treated implants had an increased cellular density without a corresponding increase in deposited connective tissue. Polarized light birefringence pattern of Sirius red-stained sections showed less collagen fibers accumulating between fibroblasts. The highest concentration of fluorescently labeled dsODN was identified within the interior margin of sponge implants, correlating to increased cellular density and an altered birefringence patterns. In conclusion, 10 nM dsODN decoy therapy reduced collagen deposition and altered the organization of granulation tissue, supporting its potential as a localized anti-fibrotic therapy for limiting fibrotic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn M Rosensteel
- Department of Comparative Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
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