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Hu C, Yang J, Qi Z, Wu H, Wang B, Zou F, Mei H, Liu J, Wang W, Liu Q. Heat shock proteins: Biological functions, pathological roles, and therapeutic opportunities. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e161. [PMID: 35928554 PMCID: PMC9345296 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The heat shock proteins (HSPs) are ubiquitous and conserved protein families in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, and they maintain cellular proteostasis and protect cells from stresses. HSP protein families are classified based on their molecular weights, mainly including large HSPs, HSP90, HSP70, HSP60, HSP40, and small HSPs. They function as molecular chaperons in cells and work as an integrated network, participating in the folding of newly synthesized polypeptides, refolding metastable proteins, protein complex assembly, dissociating protein aggregate dissociation, and the degradation of misfolded proteins. In addition to their chaperone functions, they also play important roles in cell signaling transduction, cell cycle, and apoptosis regulation. Therefore, malfunction of HSPs is related with many diseases, including cancers, neurodegeneration, and other diseases. In this review, we describe the current understandings about the molecular mechanisms of the major HSP families including HSP90/HSP70/HSP60/HSP110 and small HSPs, how the HSPs keep the protein proteostasis and response to stresses, and we also discuss their roles in diseases and the recent exploration of HSP related therapy and diagnosis to modulate diseases. These research advances offer new prospects of HSPs as potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Hu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology Institute of Health and Medical Technology Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui P. R. China.,Hefei Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui P. R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology Institute of Health and Medical Technology Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui P. R. China.,Hefei Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui P. R. China
| | - Ziping Qi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology Institute of Health and Medical Technology Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui P. R. China.,Hefei Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui P. R. China
| | - Hong Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology Institute of Health and Medical Technology Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui P. R. China.,Hefei Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui P. R. China
| | - Beilei Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology Institute of Health and Medical Technology Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui P. R. China.,Hefei Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui P. R. China
| | - Fengming Zou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology Institute of Health and Medical Technology Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui P. R. China.,Hefei Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui P. R. China
| | - Husheng Mei
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology Institute of Health and Medical Technology Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui P. R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui P. R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology Institute of Health and Medical Technology Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui P. R. China.,Hefei Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui P. R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui P. R. China
| | - Wenchao Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology Institute of Health and Medical Technology Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui P. R. China.,Hefei Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui P. R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui P. R. China
| | - Qingsong Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology Institute of Health and Medical Technology Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui P. R. China.,Hefei Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui P. R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui P. R. China.,Precision Medicine Research Laboratory of Anhui Province Hefei Anhui P. R. China
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Marchioro HZ, Chiesorin AST, Bindi ECW, Silva de Castro CC, Miot HA. Moving forward from hearing loss in vitiligo - Does autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss (ASNHL) play a role? J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022; 36:e923-e925. [PMID: 35753052 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Vambutas A, Davia DV. Biologics for Immune-Mediated Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2021; 54:803-813. [PMID: 34119332 DOI: 10.1016/j.otc.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Immune-mediated hearing losses include autoimmune inner ear disease, sudden sensorineural hearing loss, and Meniere's disease. Standard therapy for an acute decline in hearing is timely use of corticosteroids. Although 60% to 70% of patients are initially corticosteroid-responsive, that responsiveness is lost over time. In corticosteroid-resistant patients, increased expression of interleukin (IL)-1 is observed, and these patients may benefit from IL-1 inhibition. Autoinflammatory diseases are characterized by dysregulation of the innate immune response, clinically include sensorineural hearing loss, and benefit from IL-1 inhibition, thereby further establishing the relationship of IL-1 with immune-mediated sensorineural hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Vambutas
- Department of Otolaryngology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell, Hearing and Speech Center, 430 Lakeville Road, New Hyde Park, NY 11040, USA.
| | - Daniella V Davia
- Department of Otolaryngology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell, Hearing and Speech Center, 430 Lakeville Road, New Hyde Park, NY 11040, USA
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Biomarkers for Inner Ear Disorders: Scoping Review on the Role of Biomarkers in Hearing and Balance Disorders. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 11:diagnostics11010042. [PMID: 33383894 PMCID: PMC7824431 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnostics of inner ear diseases are primarily functional, but there is a growing interest in inner ear biomarkers. The present scoping review aimed to elucidate gaps in the literature regarding the definition, classification system, and an overview of the potential uses of inner ear biomarkers. Relevant biomarkers were categorized, and their possible benefits were evaluated. The databases OVID Medline, EMBASE, EBSCO COINAHL, CA PLUS, WOS BIOSIS, WOS Core Collection, Proquest Dissertations, Theses Global, PROSPERO, Cochrane Library, and BASE were searched using the keywords “biomarker” and “inner ear”. Of the initially identified 1502 studies, 34 met the inclusion criteria. The identified biomarkers were classified into diagnostic, prognostic, therapeutic, and pathognomonic; many were detected only in the inner ear or temporal bone. The inner-ear-specific biomarkers detected in peripheral blood included otolin-1, prestin, and matrilin-1. Various serum antibodies correlated with inner ear diseases (e.g., anti-type II collagen, antinuclear antibodies, antibodies against cytomegalovirus). Further studies are advised to elucidate the clinical significance and diagnostic or prognostic usage of peripheral biomarkers for inner ear disorders, filling in the literature gaps with biomarkers pertinent to the otology clinical practice and integrating functional and molecular biomarkers. These may be the building blocks toward a well-structured guideline for diagnosing and managing some audio-vestibular disorders.
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Mechanism of aseptic inflammation upon the inner ear injury. JOURNAL OF BIO-X RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1097/jbr.0000000000000041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Cochlear involvement in patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases: a clinical and laboratory comparative study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 276:2419-2426. [PMID: 31175453 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-019-05487-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inner ear involvement has been reported in systemic rheumatic disease while detection of cochlin-specific antibodies has been reported in patients with idiopatic sensorineural hearing loss, suggesting cochlin's strong link to autoimmune hearing loss. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to calculate the prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in patients with systemic rheumatic diseases, and to investigate any potential correlation with human antibodies to cochlin. METHODS Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Sjogren's syndrome (SS) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) according to the criteria of American College of Rheumatology were included in the study. All patients underwent a complete ear-nose-throat physical examination and audiological evaluation with pure tone audiometry and impedance audiometry. Pure tone average was calculated, taking as a starting point the hearing loss in dB according to the recommendation 02/1 of "Bureau International d' Audiophonologie" (BIAP) so as an average hearing threshold value. Sera of all patients were tested for the presence of IgG antibodies to human cochline (COCH-IgG). Sex and age-matched healthy subjects were included as controls to each group. RESULTS A total of 133 patients were studied; 60 with RA, 41 with SLE, 24 with SS and 8 with SSc. 61.4% of patients reported vertigo, 41% hyperacousis, 39% hearing loss, 38% tinnitus, 37.9% headache and 2.1% sensation of ear pressure with unremarkable otoscopy. The prevalence of SNHL calculated for patients affected by RA, SLE, SS and SSc was 66.6%, 31.71%, 54.17%, and 75% respectively. The calculated average hearing thresholds value in RA was increased in comparison to SLE (p < 0.05). In addition it was also higher in patients with RA and secondary SS, in comparison to RA patients (p > 0.05). There was statistically significant correlation of average hearing threshold with disease activity score 28 (DAS28) in RA, but no correlation observed with disease activity index (SLEDAI) in SLE. COCH-IgG antibodies were detected in only two samples. The results were compared with those of their respective sex and age-matched healthy subjects. CONCLUSION Our study revealed increased prevalence of SNHL in patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease but no correlation of hearing loss with COCHIgG antibodies. The mechanism of inner ear damage remains unknown; thus, additional prospective studies will be needed to elucidate its pathogenesis.
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Baruah P. Cochlin in autoimmune inner ear disease: Is the search for an inner ear autoantigen over? Auris Nasus Larynx 2014; 41:499-501. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2014.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Okano T. Immune system of the inner ear as a novel therapeutic target for sensorineural hearing loss. Front Pharmacol 2014; 5:205. [PMID: 25228882 PMCID: PMC4151383 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2014.00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a common clinical condition resulting from dysfunction in one or more parts in the auditory pathway between the inner ear and auditory cortex. Despite the prevalence of SNHL, little is known about its etiopathology, although several mechanisms have been postulated including ischemia, viral infection or reactivation, and microtrauma. Immune-mediated inner ear disease has been introduced and accepted as one SNHL pathophysiology; it responds to immunosuppressive therapy and is one of the few reversible forms of bilateral SNHL. The concept of immune-mediated inner ear disease is straightforward and comprehensible, but criteria for clinical diagnosis and the precise mechanism of hearing loss have not been determined. Moreover, the therapeutic mechanisms of corticosteroids are unclear, leading to several misconceptions by both clinicians and investigators concerning corticosteroid therapy. This review addresses our current understanding of the immune system in the inner ear and its involvement in the pathophysiology in SNHL. Treatment of SNHL, including immune-mediated inner ear disorder, will be discussed with a focus on the immune mechanism and immunocompetent cells as therapeutic targets. Finally, possible interventions modulating the immune system in the inner ear to repair the tissue organization and improve hearing in patients with SNHL will be discussed. Tissue macrophages in the inner ear appear to be a potential target for modulating the immune response in the inner ear in the pathophysiology of SNHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Okano
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan
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Cho HJ, Park HJ, Trexler M, Venselaar H, Lee KY, Robertson NG, Baek JI, Kang BS, Morton CC, Vriend G, Patthy L, Kim UK. A novel COCH mutation associated with autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss disrupts the structural stability of the vWFA2 domain. J Mol Med (Berl) 2012; 90:1321-1331. [PMID: 22610276 PMCID: PMC4361775 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-012-0911-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Revised: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in COCH have been associated with autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss (DFNA9) and are frequently accompanied by vestibular hypofunction. Here, we report identification of a novel missense mutation, p.F527C, located in the vWFA2 domain in members of a Korean family with late-onset and progressive hearing loss. To assess the molecular characteristics of this cochlin mutant, we constructed both wild-type and mutant cochlin constructs and transfected these into mammalian cell lines. Results of immunocytochemistry analysis demonstrated localization of the cochlin mutant in the endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi complex, whereas western blot analyses of cell lysates revealed that the mutant cochlin tends to form covalent complexes that are retained in the cell. Biochemical analyses of recombinant vWFA2 domain of cochlin carrying the p.F527C mutation revealed that the mutation increases propensity of the protein to form covalent disulfide-bonded dimers and affects the structural stability but not the collagen-affinity of the vWFA2 domain. We suggest that the instability of mutant cochlin is the major driving force for cochlin aggregation in the inner ear in DFNA9 patients carrying the COCH p.F527C mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ju Cho
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, South Korea
| | | | - Maria Trexler
- Institute of Enzymology, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Hanka Venselaar
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kyu Yup Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Nahid G. Robertson
- Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Ma, USA
| | - Jeong-In Baek
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, South Korea
| | - Beom Sik Kang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, South Korea
| | - Cynthia C. Morton
- Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Ma, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Ma, USA
| | - Gert Vriend
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - László Patthy
- Institute of Enzymology, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Un-Kyung Kim
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, South Korea
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Lopez-Escamez JA, Saenz-Lopez P, Gazquez I, Moreno A, Gonzalez-Oller C, Soto-Varela A, Santos S, Aran I, Perez-Garrigues H, Ibañez A, Lopez-Nevot MA. Polymorphisms of CD16A and CD32 Fcγ receptors and circulating immune complexes in Ménière's disease: a case-control study. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2011; 12:2. [PMID: 21208440 PMCID: PMC3022798 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-12-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune diseases with elevated circulating autoantibodies drive tissue damage and the onset of disease. The Fcγ receptors bind IgG subtypes modulating the clearance of circulating immune complexes (CIC). The inner ear damage in Ménière's disease (MD) could be mediated by an immune response driven by CIC. We examined single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in the CD16A and CD32 genes in patients with MD which may determine a Fcγ receptor with lower binding to CIC. METHODS The functional CD16A (FcγRIIIa*559A > C, rs396991) and CD32A (FcγRIIa*519A > G, rs1801274) SNPs were analyzed using PCR-based TaqMan Genotyping Assay in two cohorts of 156 mediterranean and 112 Galicia patients in a case-control study. Data were analyzed by χ2 with Fisher's exact test and Cochran-Armitage trend test (CATT). CIC were measured by ELISA for C1q-binding CIC. RESULTS Elevated CIC were found in 7% of patients with MD during the intercrisis period. No differences were found in the allelic frequency for rs396991 or rs1801274 in controls subjects when they were compared with patients with MD from the same geographic area. However, the frequency of AA and AC genotypes of CD16A (rs396991) differed among mediterranean and Galicia controls (Fisher's test, corrected p = 6.9 × 10-4 for AA; corrected p = 0.02 for AC). Although genotype AC of the CD16A receptor was significantly more frequent in mediterranean controls than in patients, [Fisher's test corrected p = 0.02; OR = 0.63 (0.44-0.91)], a genetic additive effect for the allele C was not observed (CATT, p = 0.23). Moreover, no differences were found in genotype frequencies for rs396991 between patients with MD and controls from Galicia (CATT, p = 0.14). The allelic frequency of CD32 (rs1801274) was not different between patients and controls either in mediterranean (p = 0.51) or Galicia population (p = 0.11). CONCLUSIONS Elevated CIC are not found in most of patients with MD. Functional polymorphisms of CD16A and CD32 genes are not associated with onset of MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Lopez-Escamez
- Otology & Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital de Poniente, El Ejido, Almería, Spain.
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Romi F, Helgeland G, Gilhus NE. Heat-Shock Proteins in Clinical Neurology. Eur Neurol 2011; 66:65-9. [DOI: 10.1159/000329373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Jones SM, Robertson NG, Given S, Giersch ABS, Liberman MC, Morton CC. Hearing and vestibular deficits in the Coch(-/-) null mouse model: comparison to the Coch(G88E/G88E) mouse and to DFNA9 hearing and balance disorder. Hear Res 2010; 272:42-8. [PMID: 21073934 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2010.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Revised: 10/28/2010] [Accepted: 11/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Two mouse models, the Coch(G88E/G88E) or "knock-in" and the Coch(-/-) or "knock-out" (Coch null), have been developed to study the human late-onset, progressive, sensorineural hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction known as DFNA9. This disorder results from missense and in-frame deletion mutations in COCH (coagulation factor C homology), encoding cochlin, the most abundantly detected protein in the inner ear. We have performed hearing and vestibular analyses by auditory brainstem response (ABR) and vestibular evoked potential (VsEP) testing of the Coch(-/-) and Coch(G88E/G88E) mouse models. Both Coch(-/-) and Coch(G88E/G88E) mice show substantially elevated ABRs at 21 months of age, but only at the highest frequency tested for the former and all frequencies for the latter. At 21 months, 9 of 11 Coch(-/-) mice and 4 of 8 Coch(G88E/G88E) mice have absent ABRs. Interestingly Coch(-/+) mice do not show hearing deficits, in contrast to Coch(G88E/+), which demonstrate elevated ABR thresholds similar to homozyotes. These results corroborate the DFNA9 autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, in addition to the observation that haploinsufficiency of Coch does not result in impaired hearing. Vestibular evoked potential (VsEP) thresholds were analyzed using a two factor ANOVA (Age X Genotype). Elevated VsEP thresholds are detected in Coch(-/-) mice at 13 and 21 months, the two ages tested, and as early as seven months in the Coch(G88E/G88E) mice. These results indicate that in both mouse models, vestibular function is compromised before cochlear function. Analysis and comparison of hearing and vestibular function in these two DFNA9 mouse models, where deficits occur at such an advanced age, provide insight into the pathology of DFNA9 and age-related hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction as well as an opportunity to investigate potential interventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherri M Jones
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
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Helgeland G, Petzold A, Hoff JM, Gilhus NE, Plant GT, Romi FR. Anti-Heat Shock Protein 70 antibody levels are increased in myasthenia gravis and Guillain-Barré syndrome. J Neuroimmunol 2010; 225:180-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2010.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2010] [Revised: 04/19/2010] [Accepted: 04/30/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Robertson NG, Jones SM, Sivakumaran TA, Giersch ABS, Jurado SA, Call LM, Miller CE, Maison SF, Liberman MC, Morton CC. A targeted Coch missense mutation: a knock-in mouse model for DFNA9 late-onset hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction. Hum Mol Genet 2008; 17:3426-34. [PMID: 18697796 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddn236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in COCH (coagulation factor C homology) are etiologic for the late-onset, progressive, sensorineural hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction known as DFNA9. We introduced the G88E mutation by gene targeting into the mouse and have created a Coch(G88E/G88E) mouse model for the study of DFNA9 pathogenesis and cochlin function. Vestibular-evoked potential (VsEP) thresholds of Coch(G88E/G88E) mice were elevated at all ages tested compared with wild-type littermates. At the oldest ages, two out of eight Coch(G88E/G88E) mice had no measurable VsEP. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds of Coch(G88E/G88E) mice were substantially elevated at 21 months but not at younger ages tested. At 21 months, four of eight Coch(G88E/G88E) mice had absent ABRs at all frequencies tested and two of three Coch(G88E)(/+) mice had absent ABRs at three of four frequencies tested. Distortion product otoacoustic emission amplitudes of Coch(G88E/G88E) mice were substantially lower than Coch(+/+) mice and absent in the same Coch(G88E/G88E) mice with absent ABRs. These results suggest that vestibular function is affected beginning as early as 11 months when cochlear function appears to be normal, and dysfunction increases with age. Hearing loss declines substantially at 21 months of age and progresses to profound hearing loss at some to all frequencies tested. This is the only mouse model developed to date where hearing loss begins at such an advanced age, providing an opportunity to study both progressive age-related hearing loss and possible interventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid G Robertson
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Tebo AE, Jaskowski TD, Keith LL, Litwin CM, Hill HR. Comparison of immune assays for the detection of anti-HSP70 antibodies in patients with idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss. Clin Chim Acta 2007; 381:140-4. [PMID: 17434470 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2007.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2006] [Revised: 02/21/2007] [Accepted: 02/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detection of anti-heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) IgG response by Western blot (WB) is of clinical utility in a subset of patients with idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) due to autoimmunity. METHODS To validate an immune assay for the detection of anti-HSP70 antibody responses in the clinical laboratory, we employed a commercial anti-human HSP70 IgG/A/M ELISA and developed an anti-HSP70 IgG WB test. Using sera from 81 patients with idiopathic SNHL and 100 healthy controls, we assessed each assay performance with results from another diagnostic laboratory that utilizes a WB test. RESULTS Our results showed a significant lack of agreement between either WB assay and the anti-human HSP70 IgG/A/M ELISA for antibody-positive samples. Comparison of WB assays revealed a significant level of agreement (89.7%) for all samples tested. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the antigenic targets in WB and ELISA immunoassays differ and demonstrate that the anti-HSP70 IgG WB test is reproducible within and between clinical laboratories. Thus, in the absence of disease-specific markers, the anti-HSP70 IgG WB assay could be of use to detect patients with idiopathic SNHL who might benefit from steroid treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E Tebo
- Associated Regional and University Pathologists (ARUP) Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States.
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