1
|
Kim SM. Oral galvanism related to dental implants. Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg 2023; 45:36. [PMID: 37801180 PMCID: PMC10558418 DOI: 10.1186/s40902-023-00403-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A range of different chemical interactions can generate an unexpected electronic current in a process called galvanism. Oral galvanism (OG) can also be generated by different chemical actions from diverse intraoral rehabilitated metals, including gold, copper, mercury, titanium, and titanium alloy. The main aim of this manuscript is to review OG, particularly focusing on titanium implants and related metallic materials. We searched the MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases for relevant literature published through December 2019. The keywords included "galvanic current", "galvanism", "galvanic corrosion", "oral galvanism", combined with "oral", "oral cavity", "implant", and "saliva." RESULTS Out of 343 articles, 126 articles that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. We examined and summarized research on OG through a division into four categories: definition and symptoms, diagnosis with testing methods, galvanic corrosion, and oral precancerous lesions with OG. CONCLUSIONS Patients with OG have high oral energy and current, and although this phenomenon may be due to the patient's mental illness, OG due to amalgam or mercury occurs. It is evident that the difference in electron potential caused by different elemental components such as titanium alloy and pure titanium, which are essential for manufacturing the implant fixture and the abutment, and chrome and nickel, which are essential for manufacturing the upper crown, causes OG. Since the oral cavity is equipped with an environment in which electric current can be transmitted easily due to saliva, it is imperative that clinicians review the systemic and local effects of salivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soung Min Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea.
- Oral and Maxillofacial Microvascular Reconstruction LAB, Ghana Health Service, Brong Ahafo Regional Hospital, P.O. Box 27, Sunyani, Brong Ahafo, Ghana.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tramontana M, Bianchi L, Hansel K, Agostinelli D, Stingeni L. Nickel Allergy: Epidemiology, Pathomechanism, Clinical Patterns, Treatment and Prevention Programs. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 20:992-1002. [PMID: 31994473 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200128141900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Nickel is the most common cause of contact allergy in the general population and the most frequently detected allergen in patients patch tested for suspected allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). ACD from nickel is a typical type IV hypersensitivity. Nickel allergy is mostly caused by nonoccupational exposure, such as jewelry and clothing decorations, metal tools, medical devices (mainly orthopedic and orthodontic implants, cardiovascular prosthesis), eyeglasses, utensils, keys, pigment for paint, cosmetics, and food (mainly legumes, chocolate, salmon, peanuts). Occupational exposure can involve several workers (mechanics, metalworkers, platers, hairdressers, jewelers, workers in the constructions and electronic industries), classically involving hands and forearms. The classic clinical pattern of ACD caused by nickel is characterized by eczematous dermatitis involving the sites of direct contact with the metal. Non-eczematous-patterns are reported, including lichenoid dermatitis, granuloma annulare, vitiligo-like lesions, dyshidrosiform dermatitis, and vasculitis. In the case of systemic exposure to nickel, sensitized patients could develop systemic contact dermatitis. Patch testing represents the gold standard for the diagnosis of ACD from nickel. Treatment includes avoidance of contact with products containing nickel and the patient's education about the possible use of alternative products. A recent EU nickel directive, regulating the content and release of nickel from products, has caused a decrease of nickel contact allergy in some European countries. Nickel allergy is a relevant issue of public health with significant personal, social, and economic impact. This review summarizes epidemiology, pathomechanism, clinical patterns, treatment, and prevention programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Tramontana
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Leonardo Bianchi
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Katharina Hansel
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Daniela Agostinelli
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Luca Stingeni
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li RJE, de Haas A, Rodríguez E, Kalay H, Zaal A, Jimenez CR, Piersma SR, Pham TV, Henneman AA, de Goeij-de Haas RR, van Vliet SJ, van Kooyk Y. Quantitative Phosphoproteomic Analysis Reveals Dendritic Cell- Specific STAT Signaling After α2-3-Linked Sialic Acid Ligand Binding. Front Immunol 2021; 12:673454. [PMID: 33968084 PMCID: PMC8100677 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.673454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are key initiators of the adaptive immunity, and upon recognition of pathogens are able to skew T cell differentiation to elicit appropriate responses. DCs possess this extraordinary capacity to discern external signals using receptors that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns. These can be glycan-binding receptors that recognize carbohydrate structures on pathogens or pathogen-associated patterns that additionally bind receptors, such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs). This study explores the early signaling events in DCs upon binding of α2-3 sialic acid (α2-3sia) that are recognized by Immune inhibitory Sialic acid binding immunoglobulin type lectins. α2-3sias are commonly found on bacteria, e.g. Group B Streptococcus, but can also be expressed by tumor cells. We investigated whether α2-3sia conjugated to a dendrimeric core alters DC signaling properties. Through phosphoproteomic analysis, we found differential signaling profiles in DCs after α2-3sia binding alone or in combination with LPS/TLR4 co-stimulation. α2-3sia was able to modulate the TLR4 signaling cascade, resulting in 109 altered phosphoproteins. These phosphoproteins were annotated to seven biological processes, including the regulation of the IL-12 cytokine pathway. Secretion of IL-10, the inhibitory regulator of IL-12 production, by DCs was found upregulated after overnight stimulation with the α2-3sia dendrimer. Analysis of kinase activity revealed altered signatures in the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. PhosphoSTAT3 (Ser727) and phosphoSTAT5A (Ser780), involved in the regulation of the IL-12 pathway, were both downregulated. Flow cytometric quantification indeed revealed de- phosphorylation over time upon stimulation with α2-3sia, but no α2-6sia. Inhibition of both STAT3 and -5A in moDCs resulted in a similar cytokine secretion profile as α-3sia triggered DCs. Conclusively, this study revealed a specific alteration of the JAK-STAT pathway in DCs upon simultaneous α2-3sia and LPS stimulation, altering the IL10:IL-12 cytokine secretion profile associated with reduction of inflammation. Targeted control of the STAT phosphorylation status is therefore an interesting lead for the abrogation of immune escape that bacteria or tumors impose on the host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Jún Eveline Li
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Aram de Haas
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ernesto Rodríguez
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hakan Kalay
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anouk Zaal
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Connie R Jimenez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sander R Piersma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Thang V Pham
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alex A Henneman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Richard R de Goeij-de Haas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sandra J van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Weber M, Wehrhan F, Deschner J, Sander J, Ries J, Möst T, Bozec A, Gölz L, Kesting M, Lutz R. The Special Developmental Biology of Craniofacial Tissues Enables the Understanding of Oral and Maxillofacial Physiology and Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031315. [PMID: 33525669 PMCID: PMC7866214 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Maxillofacial hard tissues have several differences compared to bones of other localizations of the human body. These could be due to the different embryological development of the jaw bones compared to the extracranial skeleton. In particular, the immigration of neuroectodermally differentiated cells of the cranial neural crest (CNC) plays an important role. These cells differ from the mesenchymal structures of the extracranial skeleton. In the ontogenesis of the jaw bones, the development via the intermediate stage of the pharyngeal arches is another special developmental feature. The aim of this review was to illustrate how the development of maxillofacial hard tissues occurs via the cranial neural crest and pharyngeal arches, and what significance this could have for relevant pathologies in maxillofacial surgery, dentistry and orthodontic therapy. The pathogenesis of various growth anomalies and certain syndromes will also be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Weber
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (F.W.); (J.R.); (T.M.); (M.K.); (R.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-9131-854-3749
| | - Falk Wehrhan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (F.W.); (J.R.); (T.M.); (M.K.); (R.L.)
- Private Office for Maxillofacial Surgery, 91781 Weißenburg, Germany
| | - James Deschner
- Department of Periodontology and Operative Dentistry, University of Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Janina Sander
- Private Office for Oral Surgery, 96049 Bamberg, Germany;
| | - Jutta Ries
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (F.W.); (J.R.); (T.M.); (M.K.); (R.L.)
| | - Tobias Möst
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (F.W.); (J.R.); (T.M.); (M.K.); (R.L.)
| | - Aline Bozec
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Lina Gölz
- Department of Orthodontics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Marco Kesting
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (F.W.); (J.R.); (T.M.); (M.K.); (R.L.)
| | - Rainer Lutz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (F.W.); (J.R.); (T.M.); (M.K.); (R.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhao Y, Zhan JK, Liu Y. A Perspective on Roles Played by Immunosenescence in the Pathobiology of Alzheimer's Disease. Aging Dis 2020; 11:1594-1607. [PMID: 33269109 PMCID: PMC7673850 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Aging is the most significant risk factor for late-onset AD. The age-associated changes in the immune system are termed immunosenescence. A close connection between immunosenescence and AD is increasingly recognized. This article provides an overview of immunosenescence and evidence for its role in the pathogenesis of AD and possible mechanisms as well as the outlook for drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Youshuo Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Aging and Geriatrics, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Novak N, Maleki SJ, Cuadrado C, Crespo JF, Cabanillas B. Interaction of Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells with Ara h 2 from Raw and Roasted Peanuts. Foods 2020; 9:foods9070863. [PMID: 32630617 PMCID: PMC7404797 DOI: 10.3390/foods9070863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ara h 2 is a relevant peanut allergen linked to severe allergic reactions. The interaction of Ara h 2 with components of the sensitization phase of food allergy (e.g., dendritic cells) has not been investigated, and could be key to understanding the allergenic potential of this allergen. In this study, we aimed to analyze such interactions and the possible mechanism involved. Ara h 2 was purified from two forms of peanut, raw and roasted, and labeled with a fluorescent dye. Human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs) were obtained, and experiments of Ara h 2 internalization by MDDCs were carried out. The role of the mannose receptor in the internalization of Ara h 2 from raw and roasted peanuts was also investigated. Results showed that Ara h 2 internalization by MDDCs was both time and dose dependent. Mannose receptors in MDDCs had a greater implication in the internalization of Ara h 2 from roasted peanuts. However, this receptor was also important in the internalization of Ara h 2 from raw peanuts, as opposed to other allergens such as raw Ara h 3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalija Novak
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University of Bonn Medical Center, DE–53127 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Soheila J. Maleki
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA;
| | - Carmen Cuadrado
- Department of Food Technology, National Institute of Agricultural, Food Research and Technology (INIA), Ctra. La Coruña Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jesus F. Crespo
- Department of Allergy, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, Avenida de Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Beatriz Cabanillas
- Department of Allergy, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, Avenida de Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Expression of CD1a, CD207, CD11b, CD11c, CD103, and HLA-DR receptors on the surface of dendritic cells in the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2019; 36:544-550. [PMID: 31839771 PMCID: PMC6906966 DOI: 10.5114/pdia.2017.71232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin disorder of unknown etiopathogenesis. Its development is based on the influence of environmental factors, genetic and immunologic disorders. Undoubtedly, an important role is played by changes in quantitative and qualitative information on dendritic cells. Aim Assessment of CD1a, CD207, CD11b, CD11c, CD103, and HLA-DR receptors on the surface of dendritic cells in the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis. Material and methods The study group consisted of 45 patients with clinically diagnosed AD from whom biopsies were taken from the lesions. The control group was the material of 20 healthy people. To carry out the study the method of indirect immunofluorescence double staining reaction was used. Results Studied receptors gave positive reactions in both groups. The number of cells in healthy individuals was significantly lower than in patients. They also differed in appearance and location of the skin. Conclusions The CD1a/CD207 and CD1a/CD11c, CD1a/HLA-DR cell density was higher in AD patients compared to controls. There were differences in the location and appearance of the cells of AD patients compared to controls. All cells in the epidermis identified with antibodies CD1a, CD11c and CD207 were dendritic cells.
Collapse
|
8
|
Leffler J, Read JF, Jones AC, Mok D, Hollams EM, Laing IA, Le Souef PN, Sly PD, Kusel MMH, de Klerk NH, Bosco A, Holt PG, Strickland DH. Progressive increase of FcεRI expression across several PBMC subsets is associated with atopy and atopic asthma within school-aged children. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2019; 30:646-653. [PMID: 30985951 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antigen-specific IgE binds the Fcε receptor I (FcεRI) expressed on several types of immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs). Activation of FcεRI on DCs in atopics has been shown to modulate immune responses that potentially contribute to asthma development. However, the extent to which DC subsets differ in FcεRI expression between atopic children with or without asthma is currently not clear. This study aimed to analyse the expression of FcεRI on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from atopic children with and without asthma, and non-atopic/non-asthmatic age-matched healthy controls. METHODS We performed multiparameter flow cytometry on PBMC from 391 children across three community cohorts and one clinical cohort based in Western Australia. RESULTS We confirmed expression of FcεRI on basophils, monocytes, plasmacytoid and conventional DCs, with higher proportions of all cell populations expressing FcεRI in atopic compared to non-atopic children. Further, we observed that levels of FcεRI expression were elevated across plasmacytoid and conventional DC as well as basophils in atopic asthmatic compared to atopic non-asthmatic children also after adjusting for serum IgE levels. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that the expression pattern of FcεRI on DC and basophils differentiates asthmatic from non-asthmatic atopic children. Given the significant immune modulatory effects observed as a consequence of FcεRI expression, this altered expression pattern is likely to contribute to asthma pathology in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonatan Leffler
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - James F Read
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Anya C Jones
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Danny Mok
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Elysia M Hollams
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ingrid A Laing
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter N Le Souef
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter D Sly
- Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Merci M H Kusel
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nicholas H de Klerk
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Anthony Bosco
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Patrick G Holt
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Deborah H Strickland
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Litman T. Personalized medicine-concepts, technologies, and applications in inflammatory skin diseases. APMIS 2019; 127:386-424. [PMID: 31124204 PMCID: PMC6851586 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The current state, tools, and applications of personalized medicine with special emphasis on inflammatory skin diseases like psoriasis and atopic dermatitis are discussed. Inflammatory pathways are outlined as well as potential targets for monoclonal antibodies and small-molecule inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Litman
- Department of Immunology and MicrobiologyUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Explorative Biology, Skin ResearchLEO Pharma A/SBallerupDenmark
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Haruna T, Kariya S, Fujiwara T, Yuta A, Higaki T, Zhao P, Ogawa Y, Kanai K, Hirata Y, Oka A, Nishizaki K, Okano M. Role of whole saliva in the efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy in seasonal allergic rhinitis. Allergol Int 2019; 68:82-89. [PMID: 30166059 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of methods to predict the clinical effectiveness of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) for allergic diseases is a crucial matter. We sought to determine whether whole saliva, which is the first body component that contacts allergen extracts during SLIT, is associated with the clinical effectiveness of SLIT in Japanese cedar pollinosis. METHODS Blood monocytes or monocytic THP-1 cells were cultured in the presence or absence of either whole saliva or pure saliva with or without treatments including filtration and blockade of TLR2 and/or TLR4 signaling. IL-10 levels in the supernatants were then measured. Whole saliva-induced IL-10 production by THP-1 cells was compared between asymptomatic and disease-onset patients during peak pollen dispersal after SLIT. RESULTS Both monocytes and THP-1 cells produced substantial amounts of IL-10 in response to whole saliva. IL-10 production was significantly reduced in response to pure saliva and 0.2 μm-filtered saliva. Simultaneous treatment with polymyxin B and TL2.1, a neutralizing antibody against TLR2, also reduced IL-10 production. IL-10 levels produced by THP-1 cells in response to whole saliva collected prior to SLIT were significantly higher in asymptomatic patients determined by symptom-medication scores than disease-onset patients following SLIT. Such differences were not seen in saliva collected 3 months after the initiation of SLIT or saliva collected during peak pollen dispersal. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide a basis for why the sublingual route is effective and preferable in allergen immunotherapy. Saliva-induced IL-10 levels produced by THP-1 cells may be a predictive marker for clinical remission after SLIT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takenori Haruna
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shin Kariya
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tazuko Fujiwara
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Takaya Higaki
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Kengo Kanai
- Department Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Yuji Hirata
- Department Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Aiko Oka
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kazunori Nishizaki
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Okano
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, International University of Health and Welfare School of Medicine, Narita, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Aramwit P, Luplertlop N, Kanjanapruthipong T, Ampawong S. Effect of urea-extracted sericin on melanogenesis: potential applications in post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Biol Res 2018; 51:54. [PMID: 30497518 PMCID: PMC6262948 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-018-0204-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperpigmentation disorders such as post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation are major concerns not only in light-skinned people but also in Asian populations with darker skin. The anti-tyrosinase and immunomodulatory effects of sericin have been known for decades. However, the therapeutic effects of sericin on hyperpigmentation disorders have not been well documented. Methods In this study, we used an in vitro model to study the anti-tyrosinase, tolerogenic, and anti-melanogenic effects of sericin on Staphylococcus aureus peptidoglycan (PEG)-stimulated melanocytes, dendritic cells (DCs), and artificial skin (MelanoDerm™). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, conventional and immunolabeled electron microscopy, and histopathological studies were performed. Results The results revealed that urea-extracted sericin has strong anti-tyrosinase properties as shown by a reduction of tyrosinase activity in melanin pigments both 48 h and 10 days after allergic induction with PEG. Anti-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, and transforming growth factor-β were upregulated upon sericin treatment (10, 20, and 50 µg/mL), whereas production of allergic chemokines, CCL8 and CCL18, by DCs was diminished 48 h after allergic induction with PEG. Moreover, sericin lowered the expression of micropthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), a marker of melanogenesis regulation, in melanocytes and keratinocytes, which contributed to the reduction of melanin size and the magnitude of melanin deposition. However, sericin had no effect on melanin transport between melanocytes and keratinocytes, as demonstrated by a high retention of cytoskeletal components. Conclusion In summary, sericin suppresses melanogenesis by inhibition of tyrosinase activity, reduction of inflammation and allergy, and modulation of MITF function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pornanong Aramwit
- Bioactive Resources for Innovative Clinical Applications Research Unit and Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, PhayaThai Road, Phatumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Natthanej Luplertlop
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Tapanee Kanjanapruthipong
- Department of Tropical Pathology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Sumate Ampawong
- Department of Tropical Pathology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
The Unique Molecular Signatures of Contact Dermatitis and Implications for Treatment. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2018; 56:1-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12016-018-8685-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
13
|
The Skin as a Route of Allergen Exposure: Part I. Immune Components and Mechanisms. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2017; 17:6. [PMID: 28185161 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-017-0674-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To highlight recent contributions in the literature that enhance our understanding of the cutaneous immune response to allergen. RECENT FINDINGS Defects in skin barrier function in infancy set the stage for the development of atopic dermatitis (AD) and allergy. Both genetic and environmental factors can contribute to damage of the stratum corneum (SC), with activation of specific protease enzymes under high pH conditions playing a key role. Immune cells and mediators in the dermis and epidermis impair SC repair mechanisms and support allergy development. In barrier-disrupted skin, type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), mast cells (MCs), and basophils have been shown to promote AD and pathogenic Th2 responses in murine models. Skin barrier disruption favors induction of systemic Th2-associated inflammatory pathways. A better understanding of the ontogeny and regulation of these complex networks in infant skin is needed to guide future strategies for allergy treatment and prevention.
Collapse
|
14
|
Oettgen HC. Fifty years later: Emerging functions of IgE antibodies in host defense, immune regulation, and allergic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 137:1631-1645. [PMID: 27263999 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Fifty years ago, after a long search, IgE emerged as the circulating factor responsible for triggering allergic reactions. Its extremely low concentration in plasma created significant hurdles for scientists working to reveal its identity. We now know that IgE levels are invariably increased in patients affected by atopic conditions and that IgE provides the critical link between the antigen recognition role of the adaptive immune system and the effector functions of mast cells and basophils at mucosal and cutaneous sites of environmental exposure. This review discusses the established mechanisms of action of IgE in pathologic immediate hypersensitivity, as well as its multifaceted roles in protective immunity, control of mast cell homeostasis, and its more recently revealed immunomodulatory functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hans C Oettgen
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Reinartz SM, van Tongeren J, van Egmond D, de Groot EJJ, Fokkens WJ, van Drunen CM. Dendritic Cell Subsets in Oral Mucosa of Allergic and Healthy Subjects. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154409. [PMID: 27166951 PMCID: PMC4864364 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunohistochemistry was used to identify, enumerate, and describe the tissue distribution of Langerhans type (CD1a and CD207), myeloid (CD1c and CD141), and plasmacytoid (CD303 and CD304) dendritic cell subsets in oral mucosa of allergic and non-allergic individuals. Allergic individuals have more CD141+ myeloid cells in epithelium and more CD1a+ Langerhans cells in the lamina propria compared to healthy controls, but similar numbers for the other DC subtypes. Our data are the first to describe the presence of CD303+ plasmacytoid DCs in human oral mucosa and a dense intraepithelial network of CD141+ DCs. The number of Langerhans type DCs (CD1a and CD207) and myeloid DCs (CD1c), was higher in the oral mucosa than in the nasal mucosa of the same individual independent of the atopic status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne M. Reinartz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joost van Tongeren
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Danielle van Egmond
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Esther J. J. de Groot
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wytske J. Fokkens
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gölz L, Vestewig E, Blankart M, Kraus D, Appel T, Frede S, Jäger A. Differences in human gingival and dermal fibroblasts may contribute to oral-induced tolerance against nickel. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 138:1202-1205.e3. [PMID: 27264456 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Gölz
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Clinic, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Elisa Vestewig
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Clinic, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Clinic of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Moritz Blankart
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Clinic, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dominik Kraus
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thorsten Appel
- Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stilla Frede
- Clinic of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Jäger
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Clinic, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fage SW, Muris J, Jakobsen SS, Thyssen JP. Titanium: a review on exposure, release, penetration, allergy, epidemiology, and clinical reactivity. Contact Dermatitis 2016; 74:323-45. [PMID: 27027398 DOI: 10.1111/cod.12565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Revised: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to titanium (Ti) from implants and from personal care products as nanoparticles (NPs) is common. This article reviews exposure sources, ion release, skin penetration, allergenic effects, and diagnostic possibilities. We conclude that human exposure to Ti mainly derives from dental and medical implants, personal care products, and foods. Despite being considered to be highly biocompatible relative to other metals, Ti is released in the presence of biological fluids and tissue, especially under certain circumstances, which seem to be more likely with regard to dental implants. Although most of the studies reviewed have important limitations, Ti seems not to penetrate a competent skin barrier, either as pure Ti, alloy, or as Ti oxide NPs. However, there are some indications of Ti penetration through the oral mucosa. We conclude that patch testing with the available Ti preparations for detection of type IV hypersensitivity is currently inadequate for Ti. Although several other methods for contact allergy detection have been suggested, including lymphocyte stimulation tests, none has yet been generally accepted, and the diagnosis of Ti allergy is therefore still based primarily on clinical evaluation. Reports on clinical allergy and adverse events have rarely been published. Whether this is because of unawareness of possible adverse reactions to this specific metal, difficulties in detection methods, or the metal actually being relatively safe to use, is still unresolved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon W Fage
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Joris Muris
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stig S Jakobsen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jacob P Thyssen
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermato-Allergology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev-Gentofte, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Song TW. A practical view of immunotherapy for food allergy. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2016; 59:47-53. [PMID: 26958062 PMCID: PMC4781731 DOI: 10.3345/kjp.2016.59.2.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Food allergy is common and sometimes life threatening for Korean children. The current standard treatment of allergen avoidance and self-injectable epinephrine does not change the natural course of food allergy. Recently, oral, sublingual, and epicutaneous immunotherapies have been studied for their effectiveness against food allergy. While various rates of desensitization (36% to 100%) and tolerance (28% to 75%) have been induced by immunotherapies for food allergy, no single established protocol has been shown to be both effective and safe. In some studies, immunologic changes after immunotherapy for food allergy have been revealed. Adverse reactions to these immunotherapies have usually been localized, but severe systemic reactions have been observed in some cases. Although immunotherapy cannot be recommended for routine practice yet, results from recent studies demonstrate that immunotherapies are promising for the treatment of food allergy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tae Won Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gölz L, Knickenberg AC, Keilig L, Reimann S, Papageorgiou SN, Jäger A, Bourauel C. Nickel ion concentrations in the saliva of patients treated with self-ligating fixed appliances: a prospective cohort study. J Orofac Orthop 2016; 77:85-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s00056-016-0012-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
20
|
Raker VK, Domogalla MP, Steinbrink K. Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells for Regulatory T Cell Induction in Man. Front Immunol 2015; 6:569. [PMID: 26617604 PMCID: PMC4638142 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are highly specialized professional antigen-presenting cells that regulate immune responses, maintaining the balance between tolerance and immunity. Mechanisms via which they can promote central and peripheral tolerance include clonal deletion, the inhibition of memory T cell responses, T cell anergy, and induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs). These properties have led to the analysis of human tolerogenic DCs as a therapeutic strategy for the induction or re-establishment of tolerance. In recent years, numerous protocols for the generation of human tolerogenic DCs have been developed and their tolerogenic mechanisms, including induction of Tregs, are relatively well understood. Phase I trials have been conducted in autoimmune disease, with results that emphasize the feasibility and safety of treatments with tolerogenic DCs. Therefore, the scientific rationale for the use of tolerogenic DCs therapy in the fields of transplantation medicine and allergic and autoimmune diseases is strong. This review will give an overview on efforts and protocols to generate human tolerogenic DCs with focus on IL-10-modulated DCs as inducers of Tregs and discuss their clinical applications and challenges faced in further developing this form of immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Verena K Raker
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Mainz , Germany
| | - Matthias P Domogalla
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Mainz , Germany
| | - Kerstin Steinbrink
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Mainz , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gölz L, Papageorgiou SN, Jäger A. Nickel hypersensitivity and orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Contact Dermatitis 2015; 73:1-14. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.12392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Gölz
- Department of Orthodontics; School of Dentistry, University of Bonn; 53111 Bonn Germany
| | - Spyridon N. Papageorgiou
- Department of Orthodontics; School of Dentistry, University of Bonn; 53111 Bonn Germany
- Department of Oral Technology; School of Dentistry, University of Bonn; 53111 Bonn Germany
| | - Andreas Jäger
- Department of Orthodontics; School of Dentistry, University of Bonn; 53111 Bonn Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Muris J, Goossens A, Gonçalo M, Bircher AJ, Giménez-Arnau A, Foti C, Rustemeyer T, Feilzer AJ, Kleverlaan CJ. Sensitization to palladium and nickel in Europe and the relationship with oral disease and dental alloys. Contact Dermatitis 2015; 72:286-96. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.12327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joris Muris
- Department of Dental Materials Science; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam; Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004 1081 LA Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - An Goossens
- Contact Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology; K.U. Leuven University Hospital; Kapucijnenvoer 33 3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Margarida Gonçalo
- Department of Dermatology; Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital, University of Coimbra; Praceta Mota Pinto 3000-075 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Andreas J. Bircher
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology; University Hospital Basel; Spitalstrasse 26 4031 Basel Switzerland
| | - Ana Giménez-Arnau
- Department of Dermatology; Hospital del Mar. Parc de Salut Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Passeig Maritim 25-29 08003 Barcelona Spain
| | - Caterina Foti
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology; Dermatological Clinic, University of Bari; Policlinico di Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11 70124 Bari Italy
| | - Thomas Rustemeyer
- Department of Dermatology; VU University Medical Centre; De Boelelaan 1117 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Albert J. Feilzer
- Department of Dental Materials Science; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam; Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004 1081 LA Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J. Kleverlaan
- Department of Dental Materials Science; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam; Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004 1081 LA Amsterdam The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
The success of antibody therapy in cancer is consistent with the ability of these molecules to activate immune responses against tumors. Experience in clinical applications, antibody design, and advancement in technology have enabled antibodies to be engineered with enhanced efficacy against cancer cells. This allows re-evaluation of current antibody approaches dominated by antibodies of the IgG class with a new light. Antibodies of the IgE class play a central role in allergic reactions and have many properties that may be advantageous for cancer therapy. IgE-based active and passive immunotherapeutic approaches have been shown to be effective in both in vitro and in vivo models of cancer, suggesting the potential use of these approaches in humans. Further studies on the anticancer efficacy and safety profile of these IgE-based approaches are warranted in preparation for translation toward clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lai Sum Leoh
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, CHS 54-140, Box 951782, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1782, USA
| | - Tracy R. Daniels-Wells
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, CHS 54-140, Box 951782, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1782, USA
| | - Manuel L. Penichet
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, CHS 54-140, Box 951782, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1782, USA. Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, 609 Charles E. Young Dr. East, 1602 Molecular Science Building, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. The Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Ave, 8-684 Factor Building, Box 951781, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. The Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, 611 Charles E. Young Dr., Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gölz L, Bayer S, Keilig L, Jäger A, Stark H, Bourauel C, Götz W, Frede S, Winter J, Kraus D. Possible implications of Ni(II) on oral IL-1β-induced inflammatory processes. Dent Mater 2014; 30:1325-35. [PMID: 25447842 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nickel (Ni) is one of the main metal elements in orthodontic and prosthetic devices. Different effects of Ni are described ranging from an induction of local inflammation to allergy and cancerous/mutagenic properties. Inflammatory reactions are frequently observed in the oral cavity, but the interrelationship of Ni with those events is still unknown. Therefore, we focused on the impact of Ni on inflammation in vitro. METHODS In accordance to previous immersion tests of our lab, human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) (n=6) were exposed to a pro-inflammatory environment using interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and additionally stimulated with different Ni(II) concentrations (400 and 4000ng/ml). At varying time points the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory as well as matrix degeneration proteins, i.e. MMPs, were analyzed. Furthermore, proliferation assays, wound healing tests and the detection of NF-κB activation were conducted. Unstimulated HGFs served as control. RESULTS Our experiments showed that low clinical average Ni(II) levels did not alter pro-inflammatory cytokines significantly compared to control (p>0.05). Instead, a 10-fold higher dose up-regulated these mediators significantly in a time-dependent manner (p<0.01). This was even more pronounced combining both Ni(II) concentrations with an inflammatory condition (p<0.001), MMP expressions were in line with our findings (p<0.001). The mRNA data were supported by proliferation and wound closure assays (p<0.001). However, the combination of both stimuli induced contradictory results. Analyzing NF-κB activation revealed that our results may be in part attributed to NF-κB. SIGNIFICANCE Our in vitro study implicated that Ni(II) has various modifying effects on IL-1β-induced inflammatory processes depending on the concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Gölz
- Department of Orthodontics, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Stefan Bayer
- Department of Prosthodontics, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Jäger
- Department of Orthodontics, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Helmut Stark
- Department of Prosthodontics, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Werner Götz
- Department of Orthodontics, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stilla Frede
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jochen Winter
- Oral Cell Biology Group, Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dominik Kraus
- Department of Prosthodontics, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is a well-established allergen-specific immunotherapy and a safe and effective strategy to reorient inappropriate immune responses in allergic patients. SLIT takes advantage of the tolerogenic environment of the oral mucosa to promote tolerance to the allergen. Several clinical studies have investigated the complex interplay of innate and adaptive immune responses that SLIT exploits. The oral immune system is composed of tolerogenic dendritic cells that, following uptake of allergen during SLIT, support the differentiation of T helper cell type 1 (Th1) and the induction of IL-10-producing regulatory T cells. Following SLIT, allergic disease-promoting T helper cell type 2 (Th2) responses shift to a Th1 inflammatory response, and IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β production by regulatory T cells and tolerogenic dendritic cells suppress allergen-specific T cell responses. These immune changes occur both in the sublingual mucosa and in the periphery of a patient following SLIT. SLIT also promotes the synthesis of allergen-specific IgG and IgA antibodies that block allergen-IgE complex formation and binding to inflammatory cells, thus encouraging an anti-inflammatory environment. Several of these revealing findings have also paved the way for the identification of biomarkers of the clinical efficacy of SLIT. This review presents the emerging elucidation of the immune mechanisms mediated by SLIT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David C Jay
- Institute of Immunity, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Stanford University, 269 Campus Drive, CCSR Building, Room 3215, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wu RQ, Zhang DF, Tu E, Chen QM, Chen W. The mucosal immune system in the oral cavity-an orchestra of T cell diversity. Int J Oral Sci 2014; 6:125-32. [PMID: 25105816 PMCID: PMC4170154 DOI: 10.1038/ijos.2014.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The mucosal immune system defends against a vast array of pathogens, yet it exhibits limited responses to commensal microorganisms under healthy conditions. The oral-pharyngeal cavity, the gateway for both the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, is composed of complex anatomical structures and is constantly challenged by antigens from air and food. The mucosal immune system of the oral-pharyngeal cavity must prevent pathogen entry while maintaining immune homeostasis, which is achieved via a range of mechanisms that are similar or different to those utilized by the gastrointestinal immune system. In this review, we summarize the features of the mucosal immune system, focusing on T cell subsets and their functions. We also discuss our current understanding of the oral-pharyngeal mucosal immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Qing Wu
- 1] Mucosal Immunology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA [2] State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dun-Fang Zhang
- 1] Mucosal Immunology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA [2] State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Eric Tu
- Mucosal Immunology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Qian-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - WanJun Chen
- Mucosal Immunology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Jones SM, Burks AW, Dupont C. State of the art on food allergen immunotherapy: oral, sublingual, and epicutaneous. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014; 133:318-23. [PMID: 24636471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.12.1040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
IgE-mediated food allergy is a global health problem that affects millions of persons and affects every aspect of life for the patient. Developing effective treatment strategies to augment current practice standards of strict dietary avoidance of antigens and availability of self-injectable epinephrine has been a major focus of research teams, advocacy groups, funding agencies, and patients and their families. Significant progress has been made through the development of allergen-specific immunotherapy encompassing 3 major forms of treatment: oral, sublingual, and epicutaneous immunotherapy. These therapies are in various stages of clinical investigation, with some successes noted in clinical outcomes and modulation of immune mechanisms toward effective therapy. Here we review recent progress and areas of concern for the role of these forms of immunotherapy as an emerging treatment for food allergy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stacie M Jones
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock, Ark.
| | - A Wesley Burks
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Christophe Dupont
- Department of Pediatrics, Paris-Descartes University, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Szalai K, Kopp T, Lukschal A, Stremnitzer C, Wallmann J, Starkl P, Vander Elst L, Saint-Remy JM, Pali-Schöll I, Jensen-Jarolim E. Establishing an allergic eczema model employing recombinant house dust mite allergens Der p 1 and Der p 2 in BALB/c mice. Exp Dermatol 2013; 21:842-6. [PMID: 23163649 PMCID: PMC3532600 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The major house dust mite allergens Der p 1 and Der p 2 are prevalent inducers of eczema. Der p 1 is a cysteine protease disrupting epithelial barriers, whereas Der p 2 functionally mimics the LPS-binding compound MD-2 within the TLR4 complex. In this work, we tested the percutaneous sensitizing capacity of recombinant (r) Der p 1 and Der p 2 in BALB/c mice. Mice were sensitized by percutaneous application of low (10 μg/application) and high dose (100 μg) rDer p 1 or rDer p 2, or with rDer p 1 followed by rDer p 2. Allergen-specific and total IgE antibodies were determined by ELISA. Eczema of BALB/c was classified by the itching score and corresponded to erosions. Infiltrating immune cells were identified by haematoxylin/eosin and Giemsa staining for eosinophils or mast cells, CD3 staining for T lymphocytes. Percutaneous treatments with rDer p 1, but not rDer p 2-induced specific IgG1. However, cotreatment with rDer p 1 led to increase in anti-Der p 2 IgG titres. Both allergens elicited skin erosions because of scratching, thickening of the epidermis, and eosinophil and T-cell infiltration. Our data indicate that recombinant mite allergens in the absence of adjuvant are sufficient for inducing eczema in BALB/c mice. As the enzymatic activity of an allergen might be an important cofactor for specific sensitization via the skin, Der p 1 may act as adjuvant for other allergens too. The presented mouse model is suitable for investigating the mechanisms of allergic eczema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Szalai
- Comparative Medicine, Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna, University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yin J, Zhang F, Zhang H, Shen L, Li Q, Hu S, Tian Q, Bao Y, Jia W. Hand-Schüller-Christian disease and Erdheim-Chester disease: coexistence and discrepancy. Oncologist 2013; 18:19-24. [PMID: 23299772 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2012-0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) and Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) share similar clinical features and mechanisms. In very rare circumstances, the two diseases coexist in the same patient. Here we report such a patient, who was first diagnosed with Hand-Schüller-Christian disease (HSC), a type of LCH. Several years later, the patient presented with severe exophthalmos and osteosclerosis on radiograph. New biopsy revealed ECD. We also analyze 54 cases of LCH and 6 cases of ECD diagnosed in our hospital, as well as their progression during a follow-up period of 8 years. In five cases of HSC (9.3% of LCH), a triad of central diabetes insipidus, hyperprolactinemia, and pituitary stalk thickening on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) preceded the typical bone lesions by 4-9 years. In addition, LCH was featured as elevated plasma alkaline phosphatase (ALP), which was normal in ECD. Combined with a literature review, several features are summarized to differentiate ECD from HSC. In patients with diabetes insipidus, concomitant hyperprolactinemia and pituitary stalk thickening on MRI indicate a possible HSC. Additionally, if osteosclerosis is observed in a patient with LCH, the coexistence of ECD should be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yin
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
|
31
|
Peakman M. Broadening the translational immunology landscape. Clin Exp Immunol 2012; 170:249-53. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2012.04671.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
SummaryIt is just over 5 years sinceClinical and Experimental Immunology came under the direction of a new team of Editors and made a concerted effort to refresh its approach to promoting clinical and applied immunology through its pages. There were two major objectives: to foster papers in a field which, at the time, we loosely termed ‘translational immunology’; and to create a forum for the presentation and discussion of immunology that is relevant to clinicians operating in this space. So, how are we doing with these endeavours? This brief paper aims to summarize some of the key learning points and successes and highlight areas in which translational gaps remain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Peakman
- Department of Immunobiology, King's College London
- NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a major complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation that is associated with a diminished quality of life. The oral cavity is frequently affected, with a wide variety of signs and symptoms that can result in significant short- and long-term complications ranging from mucosal sensitivity and limited oral intake to secondary malignancy and early death. This article provides a comprehensive approach to the diagnosis and clinical management of patients with oral cGVHD, with particular attention to differential diagnosis, control of symptoms, and prevention of and screening for secondary complications. The clinical considerations and recommendations presented are intended to be practical and relevant for all clinicians involved in the care of patients with oral cGVHD, with the ultimate goal of improving care and outcomes.
Collapse
|
33
|
An update on the role of human dendritic cells in patients with atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012; 129:879-86. [PMID: 22385631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2011] [Revised: 01/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are without a doubt important key skin cells that connect information from the environment with the innate and adaptive immune system. Their function is decisive for the initiation and inhibition of immune responses, and therefore they play a central role for both the healthy and diseased states of the skin. The type, maturation stage, and function of DCs, as well as the micromilieu in which they are located and their contact with cellular partners in the surrounding area, are important cofactors that direct maintenance of immune homeostasis or breakout of inflammatory reactions in patients with chronic inflammatory skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis. Thus better knowledge about the exact proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties of DCs in patients with atopic dermatitis and the disease-specific roles of DC subtypes would allow us to target these important immune cells with versatile functions for therapeutic purpose.
Collapse
|
34
|
Leifer CA, Dietert RR. Early life environment and developmental immunotoxicity in inflammatory dysfunction and disease. TOXICOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 2011; 93:1463-1485. [PMID: 26146439 PMCID: PMC4486307 DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2011.586114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Components of the innate immune system such as macrophages and dendritic cells are instrumental in determining the fate of immune responses and are, also, among the most sensitive targets of early life environmental alterations including developmental immunotoxicity (DIT). DIT can impede innate immune cell maturation, disrupt tissue microenvironment, alter immune responses to infectious challenges, and disrupt regulatory responses. Dysregulation of inflammation, such as that observed with DIT, has been linked with an increased risk of chronic inflammatory diseases in both children and adults. In this review, we discuss the relationship between early-life risk factors for innate immune modulation and promotion of dysregulated inflammation associated with chronic inflammatory disease. The health risks from DIT-associated inflammation may extend beyond primary immune dysfunction to include an elevated risk of several later-life, inflammatory-mediated diseases that target a wide range of physiological systems and organs. For this reason, determination of innate immune status should be an integral part of drug and chemical safety evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia A. Leifer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Rodney R. Dietert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| |
Collapse
|