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Chu T, Yu R, Gu Y, Wang Y, Chang H, Li Y, Li J, Bian Y. Kaempferol protects gut-vascular barrier from high glucose-induced disorder via NF-κB pathway. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 123:109496. [PMID: 37871766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Kaempferol is a natural edible flavonoid reported to treat high-fat diet-induced intestinal inflammation; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This research aims to investigate the protective effect of kaempferol on the gut-vascular barrier (GVB) induced by high glucose and elucidate the underlying mechanism. Evans blue albumin efflux assay was used to test endothelial cell permeability. The results showed that kaempferol (50 μM) significantly reversed the high glucose-induced monolayer barrier permeability of rat intestinal microvascular endothelial cells (RIMVECs), while kaempferol significantly alleviated the high glucose-induced rarefication of the tight junction protein Claudin-5. Moreover, kaempferol also reduced high glucose-induced angiogenesis and cell migration via inhibiting the VEGFR2/p38 pathway. Kaempferol also protected against high glucose-induced overproduction of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 by inhibiting NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. In addition, kaempferol had similar effects to the NF-κB inhibitor SN50 in reducing high glucose-induced ICAM-1 expression and endothelial barrier permeabilization. Our findings in part reveal the pathological mechanism of hyperglycemia-related gastrointestinal diseases and underlie the molecular mechanism of kaempferol in inhibiting bowel inflammation from a novel perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Chu
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, PR China
| | - Ruyang Yu
- Division of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yinping Gu
- Division of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yuman Wang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, PR China
| | - Hongyuan Chang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, PR China
| | - Yaying Li
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, PR China.
| | - Yifei Bian
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, PR China.
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Hartman ML, Goodson JM, Shi P, Vargas J, Yaskell T, Stephens D, Cugini M, Hasturk H, Barake R, Alsmadi O, Al-Mutawa S, Ariga J, Soparkar P, Behbehani J, Behbehani K, Welty F. Unhealthy Phenotype as Indicated by Salivary Biomarkers: Glucose, Insulin, VEGF-A, and IL-12p70 in Obese Kuwaiti Adolescents. J Obes 2016; 2016:6860240. [PMID: 27069678 PMCID: PMC4812454 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6860240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Here, we investigated the relationships between obesity and the salivary concentrations of insulin, glucose, and 20 metabolic biomarkers in Kuwaiti adolescents. Previously, we have shown that certain salivary metabolic markers can act as surrogates for blood concentrations. METHODS Salivary samples of whole saliva were collected from 8,317 adolescents. Salivary glucose concentration was measured by a high-sensitivity glucose oxidase method implemented on a robotic chemical analyzer. The concentration of salivary insulin and 20 other metabolic biomarkers was assayed in 744 randomly selected saliva samples by multiplexed bead-based immunoassay. RESULTS Obesity was seen in 26.5% of the adolescents. Salivary insulin predicting hyperinsulinemia occurred in 4.3% of normal-weight adolescents, 8.3% of overweight adolescents, and 25.7% of obese adolescents (p < 0.0001). Salivary glucose predicting hyperglycemia was found in only 3% of obese children and was not predictive (p = 0.89). Elevated salivary glucose and insulin occurring together was associated with elevated vascular endothelial growth factor and reduced salivary interleukin-12. CONCLUSION Considering the surrogate nature of salivary insulin and glucose, this study suggests that elevated insulin may be a dominant sign of metabolic disease in adolescent populations. It also appears that a proangiogenic environment may accompany elevated glucose in obese adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mor-Li Hartman
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- *Mor-Li Hartman:
| | - J. Max Goodson
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ping Shi
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jorel Vargas
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Tina Yaskell
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Danielle Stephens
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Maryann Cugini
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Hatice Hasturk
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Roula Barake
- Department of Nutrition, Dasman Diabetes Institute, 15462 Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Osama Alsmadi
- Genome Center, The Dasman Diabetes Institute, 15462 Dasman, Kuwait
| | | | | | - Pramod Soparkar
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jawad Behbehani
- Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, 13060 Safat, Kuwait
| | | | - Francine Welty
- Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Kim YR, Hong SH. Association between the polymorphisms of the vascular endothelial growth factor gene and metabolic syndrome. Biomed Rep 2015; 3:319-326. [PMID: 26137230 DOI: 10.3892/br.2015.423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major angiogenic factor. Increased levels of VEGF have been reported in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). The role of VEGF polymorphisms in MetS susceptibility, however, has not been reported previously. Thus, the present study was performed to analyze the associations between the VEGF -634G>C and 936C>T polymorphisms and the patients with MetS. A total of 320 patients with MetS (mean age, 49.86±11.76 years) and 320 healthy subjects (mean age, 50.94±8.43 years) were enrolled in the study. The VEGF -634G>C polymorphism in the 5'-untranslated region (UTR) and 936C>T polymorphism in 3'-UTR were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The VEGF -634G>C polymorphism significantly affected MetS susceptibility. The CC genotype of the -634G>C polymorphism was significantly associated with an increased risk of MetS [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=3.973; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.321-6.799; P<0.0001]. AORs of the dominant (GG vs. GC+CC) and recessive models (GG+GC vs. CC) between the cases and controls were 2.569 (95% CI, 1.657-3.983; P<0.0001) and 2.163 (95% CI, 1.475-3.171; P=0.0001), respectively. Haplotypes of -634G>C and 936C>T were also associated with MetS susceptibility. When the haplotype data were stratified by gender, the association remained only in males. The -634G>C polymorphism was also associated with the subgroups of MetS risk components by the stratification analysis. The 936C>T polymorphism was, however, not associated with the MetS susceptibility. The present study demonstrates that the VEGF -634G>C polymorphism and haplotypes may be a genetic determinant for the MetS susceptibility. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the significant association of the VEGF polymorphisms in MetS patients. To confirm the effects of the VEGF polymorphisms on MetS, further functional and population studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ree Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Hong
- Department of Science Education, Teachers College, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-781, Republic of Korea
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Oat Attenuation of Hyperglycemia-Induced Retinal Oxidative Stress and NF-κB Activation in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:983923. [PMID: 23365614 PMCID: PMC3556423 DOI: 10.1155/2013/983923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of endothelial damage in diabetes. To assess the effect of oat on experimental diabetic retinopathy, five groups of Albino rats were studied: nondiabetic control, untreated diabetic, and diabetic rats treated with 5%, 10%, and 20% (W/W) oat of the diet for 12 weeks. Novel data were obtained in this study indicating a protective role of oat against oxidative stress and diabetic retinopathy. The effects of oat on parameters of oxidative stress, AGE, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) were assessed by ELISA and NF-κB activation by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were also determined. After 12 weeks of diabetes, oat treatment reduced blood glucose levels, HbA1c, all oxidative stress markers, CML, normalized NF-κB activation and TNFα expression. Furthermore it reduced VEGF in the diabetic retina by 43% (P < 0.001). In conclusion, oat modulates microvascular damage through normalized pathways downstream of ROS overproduction and reduction of NF-κB and its controlled genes activation, which may provide additional endothelial protection.
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