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Long-Term Maternal Fertilizer Addition Increased Seed Size but Decreased Germination Capacity and Offspring Performance in Taxus baccata L. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13050670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Plant fitness and species persistence depend on seed quantity and their ability to germinate and produce viable offspring. Although maternal environment can have a great impact on seed quality, few studies are pointing to the transgenerational effect of maternal environment on germination rate and offspring traits. Moreover, global changes connected to nitrogen and phosphorus deposition can also impact plants’ reproductive performance. Here, we collected Taxus baccata L. seeds produced by the same genotype female plants grown in different nutritional regimes. We use them to analyze seed size and the impact of long-term fertilization on germination capacity and offspring traits. Our results show that long-term maternal fertilizer addition increases the ratio of large seeds produced, but at the same time decreases germination capacity compared to control and nonfertilized plants. Moreover, it was demonstrated that maternal environment impacts seed traits and germination rate, and seed mass rather than maternal environment impacts offspring performance. Therefore, the study provides information on how the maternal environment regulates seed traits and germination capacity as well as seedling growth to adapt to increased nitrogen and phosphorus deposition and improves prediction about plants’ response to global environmental changes.
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Wang Z, Bu H, Wang M, Huang H, Niklas KJ. Allocation Strategies for Seed Nitrogen and Phosphorus in an Alpine Meadow Along an Altitudinal Gradient on the Tibetan Plateau. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:614644. [PMID: 33362840 PMCID: PMC7756027 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.614644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) play important roles in many aspects of plant biology. The allocation of N and P in plant vegetative organs (i.e., leaves, stems, and fine roots) is critical to the regulation of plant growth and development. However, how these elements are allocated in seeds is unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the N and P allocation strategies of seeds in an alpine meadow along an altitudinal gradient. We measured the seed N and P contents of 253 herbaceous species in 37 families along an altitudinal gradient (2,000-4,200 m) in the east Tibetan alpine meadow. The geometric means of seed N and P concentrations and N:P ratios were 34.81 mg g-1, 5.06 mg g-1, and 6.88, respectively. Seed N and P concentrations varied across major taxonomic groups and among different altitude zones. N:P ratios showed no significant variations among different taxonomic groups with the exception of N-fixing species. The numerical value of the scaling exponent of seed N vs. P was 0.73, thus approaching 3/4, across the entire data set, but varied significantly across major taxonomic groups. In addition, the numerical value of the scaling exponent of N vs. P declined from 0.88 in the high altitude zone to 0.63 in the low altitude zone. These results indicate that the variations in the numerical value of the scaling exponent governing the seed N vs. P scaling relationship varies as a function of major taxonomic groups and among different altitude zones. We speculate that this variation reflects different adaptive strategies for survival and germination in an alpine meadow. If true, the data presented here advance our understanding of plant seed allocation strategies, and have important implications for modeling early plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haiyan Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mingcheng Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Heng Huang
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Karl J. Niklas
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
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Zambrano J, Howe HF, Gonzalez‐Meler M. Combined effects of seed and soil quality drive seedling performance of a late‐successional canopy tree in a tropical forest. Biotropica 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Zambrano
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W. Taylor St. (M/C 066) Chicago IL 60706 U.S.A
- National Socio‐Environmental Synthesis Center (SESYNC) University of Maryland Annapolis MD U.S.A
| | - Henry F. Howe
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W. Taylor St. (M/C 066) Chicago IL 60706 U.S.A
| | - Miquel Gonzalez‐Meler
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W. Taylor St. (M/C 066) Chicago IL 60706 U.S.A
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Zhang X, Wang L, Ma F, Yang J, Su M. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation on carbon and nitrogen distribution and grain yield and nutritional quality in rice (Oryza sativa L.). JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:2919-2925. [PMID: 27935053 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) for nutrient uptake and growth in rice has been widely recognized. However, little is known about the distribution of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in rice under AMF inoculation, which can affect grain yield and quality. This study was conducted to investigate the distribution of C and N within rice plants under AMF inoculation and the effects on grain yield and quality. RESULTS AMF inoculation significantly increased N accumulation and distribution in vegetative tissues at tillering, and N translocation into seeds from heading to maturity. Consequently, AMF inoculation more strongly impacted the distribution of N than that of C in seeds, with significantly reduced C:N ratios and increased protein content (by 7.4%). Additionally, AMF inoculation significantly increased grain yield by 28.2% through increasing the grain:straw ratio by 18.4%. In addition, the roots of inoculated rice exhibited greater change in C distribution, with significantly higher C concentrations, C accumulations, and C:N ratios at tillering and maturity. CONCLUSION AMF inoculation affected the distribution of N in seeds and C in roots. As such, AMF inoculation may be a potential method for improving grain yield and quality. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China
- HIT Yixing Academy of Environmental Protection, Yixing, 214200, People's Republic of China
| | - Jixian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Su
- HIT Yixing Academy of Environmental Protection, Yixing, 214200, People's Republic of China
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Hamerlynck EP, Sheley RL, Davies KW, Svejcar TJ. Postdefoliation ecosystem carbon and water flux and canopy growth dynamics in sagebrush steppe bunchgrasses. Ecosphere 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Erik P. Hamerlynck
- United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research ServiceEastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center 67826‐A Highway 205 Burns Oregon 97720 USA
| | - Roger L. Sheley
- United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research ServiceEastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center 67826‐A Highway 205 Burns Oregon 97720 USA
| | - Kirk W. Davies
- United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research ServiceEastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center 67826‐A Highway 205 Burns Oregon 97720 USA
| | - Tony J. Svejcar
- United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research ServiceEastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center 67826‐A Highway 205 Burns Oregon 97720 USA
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HAMPTON JG, BOELT B, ROLSTON MP, CHASTAIN TG. Effects of elevated CO 2 and temperature on seed quality. THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE 2013; 151:154-162. [PMID: 23495259 PMCID: PMC3594839 DOI: 10.1017/s0021859612000263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Successful crop production depends initially on the availability of high-quality seed. By 2050 global climate change will have influenced crop yields, but will these changes affect seed quality? The present review examines the effects of elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) and temperature during seed production on three seed quality components: seed mass, germination and seed vigour. In response to elevated CO2, seed mass has been reported to both increase and decrease in C3 plants, but not change in C4 plants. Increases are greater in legumes than non-legumes, and there is considerable variation among species. Seed mass increases may result in a decrease of seed nitrogen (N) concentration in non-legumes. Increasing temperature may decrease seed mass because of an accelerated growth rate and reduced seed filling duration, but lower seed mass does not necessarily reduce seed germination or vigour. Like seed mass, reported seed germination responses to elevated CO2 have been variable. The reported changes in seed C/N ratio can decrease seed protein content which may eventually lead to reduced viability. Conversely, increased ethylene production may stimulate germination in some species. High-temperature stress before developing seeds reach physiological maturity (PM) can reduce germination by inhibiting the ability of the plant to supply the assimilates necessary to synthesize the storage compounds required for germination. Nothing is known concerning the effects of elevated CO2 on seed vigour. However, seed vigour can be reduced by high-temperature stress both before and after PM. High temperatures induce or increase the physiological deterioration of seeds. Limited evidence suggests that only short periods of high-temperature stress at critical seed development stages are required to reduce seed vigour, but further research is required. The predicted environmental changes will lead to losses of seed quality, particularly for seed vigour and possibly germination. The seed industry will need to consider management changes to minimize the risk of this occurring.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. G. HAMPTON
- Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand
- To whom all correspondence should be addressed.
| | - B. BOELT
- Sciences and Technology, Aarhus University, DK 4200 Slagelse, Denmark
| | | | - T. G. CHASTAIN
- Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-3002, USA
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Stoichiometric traits of oriental oak (Quercus variabilis) acorns and their variations in relation to environmental variables across temperate to subtropical China. Ecol Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11284-012-0953-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Li Y, Yang H, Xia J, Zhang W, Wan S, Li L. Effects of increased nitrogen deposition and precipitation on seed and seedling production of Potentilla tanacetifolia in a temperate steppe ecosystem. PLoS One 2011; 6:e28601. [PMID: 22194863 PMCID: PMC3237472 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The responses of plant seeds and seedlings to changing atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition and precipitation regimes determine plant population dynamics and community composition under global change. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In a temperate steppe in northern China, seeds of P. tanacetifolia were collected from a field-based experiment with N addition and increased precipitation to measure changes in their traits (production, mass, germination). Seedlings germinated from those seeds were grown in a greenhouse to examine the effects of improved N and water availability in maternal and offspring environments on seedling growth. Maternal N-addition stimulated seed production, but it suppressed seed mass, germination rate and seedling biomass of P. tanacetifolia. Maternal N-addition also enhanced responses of seedlings to N and water addition in the offspring environment. Maternal increased-precipitation stimulated seed production, but it had no effect on seed mass and germination rate. Maternal increased-precipitation enhanced seedling growth when grown under similar conditions, whereas seedling responses to offspring N- and water-addition were suppressed by maternal increased-precipitation. Both offspring N-addition and increased-precipitation stimulated growth of seedlings germinated from seeds collected from the maternal control environment without either N or water addition. Our observations indicate that both maternal and offspring environments can influence seedling growth of P. tanacetifolia with consequent impacts on the future population dynamics of this species in the study area. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE The findings highlight the importance of the maternal effects on seed and seedling production as well as responses of offspring to changing environmental drivers in mechanistic understanding and projecting of plant population dynamics under global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquanlu, Beijing, China
| | - Haijun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquanlu, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquanlu, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing, China
| | - Shiqiang Wan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, College of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Linghao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing, China
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