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Taylor LA, Thawley CJ, Pertuit OR, Dennis AJ, Carson IR, Tang C, Johnson MA. Artificial light at night alters diurnal and nocturnal behavior and physiology in green anole lizards. Physiol Behav 2022; 257:113992. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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2
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Simon MN, Cespedes AM, Lailvaux SP. Sex-specific multivariate morphology/performance relationships in Anolis carolinensis. J Exp Biol 2022; 225:275160. [PMID: 35363299 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.243471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Animals rely on their ability to perform certain tasks sufficiently well to survive, secure mates, and reproduce. Performance traits depend on morphology, and so morphological traits should predict performance, yet this relationship is often confounded by multiple competing performance demands. Males and females experience different selection pressures on performance, and the consequent sexual conflict over performance expression can either constrain performance evolution or drive sexual dimorphism in both size and shape. Furthermore, change in a single morphological trait may benefit some performance traits at the expense of others, resulting in functional trade-offs. Identifying general or sex-specific relationships between morphology and performance at the organismal level thus requires a multivariate approach, as individuals are products both of an integrated phenotype and the ecological environment in which they have developed and evolved. We estimated the multivariate morphology→performance gradient in wild-caught, green anoles (Anolis carolinensis) by measuring external morphology and fore- and hindlimb musculature, and mapping these morphological traits to seven measured performance traits that cover the broad range of ecological challenges faced by these animals (sprint speed, endurance, exertion distance, climbing power, jump power, cling force, and bite force). We demonstrate that males and females differ in their multivariate mapping of traits on performance, indicating that sex-specific ecological demands likely shape these relationships, but do not differ in performance integration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ann M Cespedes
- Biology Department, Delgado Community College, 615 City Park Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
| | - Simon P Lailvaux
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of New Orleans, 2000 Lakeshore Drive, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA
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3
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Boucherie PH, Gallego-Abenza M, Massen JJM, Bugnyar T. Dominance in a socially dynamic setting: hierarchical structure and conflict dynamics in ravens' foraging groups. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2022; 377:20200446. [PMID: 35000442 PMCID: PMC8743890 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dominance hierarchies typically emerge in systems where group members regularly encounter and compete for resources. In birds, the 'open' and dynamic structure of foraging groups may prevent the emergence of structured hierarchies, although this assumption have hardly been tested. We report on agonistic data for ravens Corvus corax, collected over two 18-month periods for 183 marked individuals of a wild (fluid) population and 51 birds from six captive (stable) groups. We show that the dominance structure (steep and transitive) in wild foraging groups is strikingly similar to that found in captivity. In the wild, we found that higher ranks are mainly occupied by males, older and more aggressive individuals that also tend to receive fewer aggressions. Exploring the mechanisms sustaining the wild dominance structure, we confirmed that males are more aggressive than females and, with age, tend to receive fewer aggressions than females. Males that are about to leave the foraging groups for some months are less aggressive than newcomers or locals, while newcomers are specifically targeted by aggressions in their first year (as juveniles). Taken together, our results indicate that the socially dynamic conditions ravens face during foraging do not hinder, but provide opportunities for, using (advanced) social cognition. This article is part of the theme issue 'The centennial of the pecking order: current state and future prospects for the study of dominance hierarchies'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palmyre H. Boucherie
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mario Gallego-Abenza
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Konrad Lorenz Forschungsstelle, Core Facility for Behaviour and Cognition, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jorg J. M. Massen
- Animal Behaviour and Cognition, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Bugnyar
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Konrad Lorenz Forschungsstelle, Core Facility for Behaviour and Cognition, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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4
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OUP accepted manuscript. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blac034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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5
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Naretto S, Chiaraviglio M. Factors driving sexual dimorphism and colour variability in the Achala Copper Lizard (Pristidactylus achalensis), an endemic species to the highland mountains in central Argentina. CAN J ZOOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2019-0293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The intensity of mating competition varies according to the temporal and spatial distribution of individuals. Measuring sexual dimorphism over time and interpreting the association between individuals is therefore important if we aim to understand how sexual traits are influenced. We examined sex differences in the Achala Copper Lizard (Pristidactylus achalensis (Gallardo, 1964)), an endemic species from the highest part of mountains of central Argentina. Over 4 years, we explored sex-specific variation in body size, head size, interlimb length, and body colouration. Furthermore, we evaluated how these traits varied temporally, and we also explored whether the spatial distribution of individuals is explained by variation in these traits. We found that P. achalensis is a species with sexual dimorphism in multiple characters, including body size, head size, and colouration. Interestingly, some traits related to mating, such as head width, show a temporal variability in both sexes, whereas other traits, such as colouration, varies seasonally only in males. Our results underline the intriguing possibility of seasonal morphological changes related to mating, and more broadly that sex differences are influenced by sexual selection pressures mediated by temporal variation in mate competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Naretto
- Laboratorio de Biología del Comportamiento, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Vélez Sársfield 299, CP X5000JJC, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Córdoba, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Biología del Comportamiento, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Vélez Sársfield 299, CP X5000JJC, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M. Chiaraviglio
- Laboratorio de Biología del Comportamiento, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Vélez Sársfield 299, CP X5000JJC, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Córdoba, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Biología del Comportamiento, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Vélez Sársfield 299, CP X5000JJC, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Córdoba, Argentina
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Freeland L, Ellis C, Michaels CJ. Documenting Aggression, Dominance and the Impacts of Visitor Interaction on Galápagos Tortoises ( Chelonoidis nigra) in a Zoo Setting. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10040699. [PMID: 32316413 PMCID: PMC7222779 DOI: 10.3390/ani10040699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ensuring high levels of welfare is imperative for modern zoos, but such organisations must also engage visitors in order to successfully spread awareness and raise conservation funds. It is therefore important to understand the responses of animals to visitor interaction to optimise welfare. Often, the opportunity to interact with humans may be enriching for animals, but in other contexts, this interaction may have negative welfare effects. We observed captive female Galápagos giant tortoises (Chelonoidis nigra) to describe aggressive interactions, characterize hierarchy using Elo ratings and assess the impact of visitor interactions. Elo ratings indicated that one individual was dominant over two equally ranked subordinates; aggressive interactions are discussed in this context. We detected significant effects of the presence of visitors and visitor type (keepers, vets or public) within the enclosure on aggression and activity. We suggest that previous miscategorisation of a natural behaviour (the finch response) as an operantly conditioned behaviour, rather than a fixed action pattern, may have triggered aggression. We then document changes made to the management of the animals to mitigate the impacts discovered. This work highlights the importance of empirical evidence in determining optimal management strategies for zoo animals with regards to public interactions and animal welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Freeland
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK
- Zoological Society of London, Regent’s Park, London NW1 4RY, UK; (C.E.); (C.J.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Charlotte Ellis
- Zoological Society of London, Regent’s Park, London NW1 4RY, UK; (C.E.); (C.J.M.)
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Borgmans G, Van den Panhuyzen S, Van Damme R. The (dis)advantages of dominance in a multiple male group of Anolis carolinensis lizards. ZOOLOGY 2020; 139:125747. [PMID: 32062300 DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2020.125747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Male Anolis carolinensis lizards will fight and form social dominance hierarchies when placed in habitats with limited resources. Dominance may procure benefits such as priority access to food, shelter or partners, but may also come with costs, such as a higher risk of injuries due to aggressive interaction, a higher risk of predation or a higher energetic cost, all of which may lead to an increase in stress. While most research looks at dominance by using dyadic interactions, in our study we investigated the effect of dominance in a multiple male group of A. carolinensis lizards. Our results showed that dominant males in a multiple male group had priority access to prey and potential sexual partners but may run a higher risk of predation. We could not confirm that dominant males in a multiple male group had a higher risk of injuries from aggressive interactions or a higher energetic cost by being dominant. Overall our results seem to indicate that dominant male A. carolinensis lizards in a multiple male group obtain clear benefits and that they outweigh the disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn Borgmans
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | | | - Raoul Van Damme
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
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8
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Fondren A, Swierk L, Putman BJ. Clothing color mediates lizard responses to humans in a tropical forest. Biotropica 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Fondren
- College of Agriculture and Sciences Iowa State University Ames IA USA
| | - Lindsey Swierk
- Department of Biological Sciences Binghamton University State University of New York Binghamton NY USA
| | - Breanna J. Putman
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles CA USA
- Section of Herpetology and Urban Nature Research Center Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Los Angeles CA USA
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9
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Hudson SB, Robertson MW, Wilcoxen TE. Fecal Glucocorticoid Response to Periodic Social Stress in Male Green Anoles, Anolis carolinensis. COPEIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1643/cp-19-192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Spencer B. Hudson
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322; . Send reprint requests to this address
| | - Marianne W. Robertson
- Department of Biology, Millikin University, 1184 W Main Street, Decatur, Illinois 62522; (MWR) ; and (TEW)
| | - Travis E. Wilcoxen
- Department of Biology, Millikin University, 1184 W Main Street, Decatur, Illinois 62522; (MWR) ; and (TEW)
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10
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The relative importance of body size and UV coloration in influencing male-male competition in a lacertid lizard. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-019-2710-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Franklin AM, Donatelli CM, Culligan CR, Tytell ED. Meral-Spot Reflectance Signals Weapon Performance in the Mantis Shrimp Neogonodactylus oerstedii (Stomatopoda). THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN 2019; 236:43-54. [PMID: 30707606 DOI: 10.1086/700836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
During animal contests over resources, opponents often signal their fighting ability in an attempt to avoid escalating to physical attack. A reliable signal is beneficial to receivers because it allows them to avoid injuries from engaging in contests they are unlikely to win. However, a signaler could benefit from deceiving an opponent by signaling greater fighting ability or greater aggressive intent than the signaler possesses. Therefore, the reliability of agonistic signals has long intrigued researchers. We investigated whether a colored patch, the meral spot, signals weapon performance in the stomatopod Neogonodactylus oerstedii. During fights over possession of refuges, stomatopods can injure or even kill opponents with their ultrafast strike. We found that darker meral spots correlate with higher strike impulse, which reflects the total force integrated over time. Furthermore, we demonstrate that stomatopods that strike more often with both appendages have darker meral spots and that the first hit in a two-appendage strike has a greater mean strike impulse than that of a single-appendage strike. This indicates that stomatopods with darker meral spots tend to invest more energy in each strike. Our results provide evidence that stomatopods use total reflectance as an honest signal of weapon performance or aggressive intent. This improves our understanding of the evolution of agonistic signals.
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Dufour CMS, Losos JB, Herrel A. Do differences in bite force and head morphology between a native and an introduced species of anole influence the outcome of species interactions? Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/bly130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire M S Dufour
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Anthony Herrel
- Département ‘Adaptations du vivant’, UMR 7179 C.N.R.S/M.N.H.N., Paris Cedex, France
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Baeckens S, Driessens T, Huyghe K, Vanhooydonck B, Van Damme R. Intraspecific Variation in the Information Content of an Ornament: Why Relative Dewlap Size Signals Bite Force in Some, But Not All Island Populations of Anolis sagrei. Integr Comp Biol 2018; 58:25-37. [PMID: 29697838 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icy012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In many animals, male secondary sexual traits advertise reliable information on fighting capacity in a male-male context. The iconic sexual signaling device of anole lizards, the dewlap, has been extensively studied in this respect. For several territorial anole species (experiencing strong intrasexual selection), there is evidence for a positive association between dewlap size and bite capacity, which is an important determinant of combat outcome in lizards. Intriguingly, earlier studies did not find this expected correlation (relative dewlap size-relative bite force) in the highly territorial brown anole lizard, Anolis sagrei. We hypothesize that the dewlap size-bite force relationship can differ among populations of the same species due to interpopulation variation in the degree of male-male competition. In line with this thought, we expect dewlap size to serve as a reliable predictor of bite performance only in those populations where the level of intrasexual selection is high. To tackle this hypothesis, we examined the relationship between male dewlap size and bite force on the intraspecific level in A. sagrei, using an extensive dataset encompassing information from 17 island populations distributed throughout the Caribbean. First, we assessed and compared the relationship between both variables in the 17 populations under study. Second, we linked the relative dewlap size-bite force relationship within each population to variation in the degree of intrasexual selection among populations, using sexual size dimorphism and dewlap display intensity as surrogate measures. Our results showed that absolute dewlap size is an excellent predictor of maximum bite force in nearly all A. sagrei populations. However, relative dewlap size is only an honest signal of bite performance in 4 out of the 17 populations. Surprisingly, the level of signal honesty did not correlate with the strength of intrasexual selection. We offer a number of conceptual and methodological explanations for this unexpected finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Baeckens
- Laboratory of Functional Morphology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium.,Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Tess Driessens
- Laboratory of Functional Morphology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium
| | - Katleen Huyghe
- Laboratory of Functional Morphology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium
| | - Bieke Vanhooydonck
- Laboratory of Functional Morphology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium
| | - Raoul Van Damme
- Laboratory of Functional Morphology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium
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Putman BJ, Azure KR, Swierk L. Dewlap size in male water anoles associates with consistent inter-individual variation in boldness. Curr Zool 2018; 65:189-195. [PMID: 30936908 PMCID: PMC6430965 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoy041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Male sexually selected signals can indicate competitive ability by honestly signaling fitness-relevant traits such as condition or performance. However, behavior can also influence contest outcomes; in particular, boldness often predicts dominance rank and mating success. Here, we sought to determine whether male ornament size is associated with consistent individual differences in boldness in water anoles Anolis aquaticus. We measured the relative size of the dewlap, a flap of skin under the chin that is a sexually selected ornament in Anolis lizards, and tested for associations with responses to a novel and potentially risky environment: time to emerge from a refuge into an arena and number of head scans post-emergence. We found that individuals consistently differed in both time to emerge and head scanning (i.e., individual responses were repeatable), and that dewlap size was negatively related to number of head scans. This suggests that ornament size could indicate male boldness if scanning represents antipredator vigilance. We found that males that had larger relative dewlaps were also in better body condition, but boldness (i.e., head scanning) was not related to condition. Lastly, we found consistent differences in behavior between trials, showing that anoles were becoming habituated or sensitized to the testing arena. Overall, our study shows that in addition to indicating condition and performance, dewlap size could also honestly indicate male boldness in Anolis lizards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breanna J Putman
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Section of Herpetology, and Urban Nature Research Center, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kylee R Azure
- Environmental Science Department, Aaniiih Nakoda College, Harlem, MT, USA
| | - Lindsey Swierk
- School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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15
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Guimarães M, MunguÍa-Steyer R, Doherty PF, Sawaya RJ. No survival costs for sexually selected traits in a polygynous non-territorial lizard. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blx097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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16
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Quintana E, Galdino C. Aggression towards unfamiliar intruders by male lizards Eurolophosaurus nanuzae depends on contestant’s body traits: a test of the dear enemy effect. BEHAVIOUR 2017. [DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-00003438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A reduction of territory owners’ aggression towards their neighbours in relation to the intrusion of strangers characterises the dear enemy phenomenon. Supposedly, the disparity in aggression levels of territory owners is due to a higher threat imposed by strangers compared to the threat imposed by neighbours. To evaluate the occurrence of the phenomenon in males of the small-sized lizard Eurolophosaurus nanuzae we performed a field manipulative study. We considered three models to run intrusions in males’ territories: neighbour, tailed stranger (unfamiliar) and tailless stranger intruders. Our results lend support to the presence of dear enemy for this species as residents acted more aggressively towards strangers than to neighbours. In addition, the information we provide supports the relative threat hypothesis as territory owners were more aggressive towards tailed stranger intruders than to tailless stranger intruders. In this sense, tail condition can represent a trait that signals the ‘resource holding power’ (RHP) of a lizard. Therefore, we show that beyond neighbourhood recognition, residents are able to evaluate the potential threat of stranger intruders in general, thereby extending the evolutionary gains of the dear enemy by saving energy even in the context they are expected to acts with higher costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo C. Quintana
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia de Vertebrados, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Avenida Dom José Gaspar, 290, Bairro Coração Eucarístico, Belo Horizonte 30535-601, MG, Brazil
| | - Conrado A.B. Galdino
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia de Vertebrados, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Avenida Dom José Gaspar, 290, Bairro Coração Eucarístico, Belo Horizonte 30535-601, MG, Brazil
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Bush JM, Quinn MM, Balreira EC, Johnson MA. How do lizards determine dominance? Applying ranking algorithms to animal social behaviour. Anim Behav 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Husak JF. Measuring Selection on Physiology in the Wild and Manipulating Phenotypes (in Terrestrial Nonhuman Vertebrates). Compr Physiol 2015; 6:63-85. [PMID: 26756627 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c140061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
To understand why organisms function the way that they do, we must understand how evolution shapes physiology. This requires knowledge of how selection acts on physiological traits in nature. Selection studies in the wild allow us to determine how variation in physiology causes variation in fitness, revealing how evolution molds physiology over evolutionary time. Manipulating phenotypes experimentally in a selection study shifts the distribution of trait variation in a population to better explore potential constraints and the adaptive value of physiological traits. There is a large database of selection studies in the wild on a variety of traits, but very few of those are physiological traits. Nevertheless, data available so far suggest that physiological traits, including metabolic rate, thermal physiology, whole-organism performance, and hormone levels, are commonly subjected to directional selection in nature, with stabilizing and disruptive selection less common than predicted if physiological traits are optimized to an environment. Selection studies on manipulated phenotypes, including circulating testosterone and glucocorticoid levels, reinforce this notion, but reveal that trade-offs between survival and reproduction or correlational selection can constrain the evolution of physiology. More studies of selection on physiological traits in nature that quantify multiple traits are necessary to better determine the manner in which physiological traits evolve and whether different types of traits (dynamic performance vs. regulatory) evolve differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry F Husak
- Department of Biology, University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
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19
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Lailvaux SP, Leifer J, Kircher BK, Johnson MA. The incredible shrinking dewlap: signal size, skin elasticity, and mechanical design in the green anole lizard (Anolis carolinensis). Ecol Evol 2015; 5:4400-9. [PMID: 26664687 PMCID: PMC4667815 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of male secondary sexual traits can be dynamic, changing size, shape, color, or structure over the course of different seasons. However, the factors underlying such changes are poorly understood. In male Anolis carolinensis lizards, a morphological secondary sexual signal called the dewlap changes size seasonally within individuals. Here, we test the hypothesis that seasonal changes in male dewlap size are driven by increased use and extension of the dewlap in spring and summer, when males are breeding, relative to the winter and fall. We captured male green anole lizards prior to the onset of breeding and constrained the dewlap in half of them such that it could not be extended. We then measured dewlap area in the spring, summer, and winter, and dewlap skin and belly skin elasticity in summer and winter. Dewlaps in unconstrained males increase in area from spring to summer and then shrink in the winter, whereas the dewlaps of constrained males consistently shrink from spring to winter. Dewlap skin is significantly more elastic than belly skin, and skin overall is more elastic in the summer relative to winter. These results show that seasonal changes in dewlap size are a function of skin elasticity and display frequency, and suggest that the mechanical properties of signaling structures can have important implications for signal evolution and design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon P Lailvaux
- Department of Biological Sciences University of New Orleans 2000 Lakeshore Drive New Orleans Louisiana 70148
| | - Jack Leifer
- Department of Engineering Science Trinity University One Trinity Place San Antonio Texas 78212
| | - Bonnie K Kircher
- Department of Biology Trinity University One Trinity Place San Antonio Texas 78212 ; Department of Biology University of Florida Gainesville Florida 32611
| | - Michele A Johnson
- Department of Biology Trinity University One Trinity Place San Antonio Texas 78212
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Reaney LT, Knell RJ. Building a Beetle: How Larval Environment Leads to Adult Performance in a Horned Beetle. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134399. [PMID: 26244874 PMCID: PMC4526545 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The link between the expression of the signals used by male animals in contests with the traits which determine success in those contests is poorly understood. This is particularly true in holometabolous insects such as horned beetles where signal expression is determined during metamorphosis and is fixed during adulthood, whereas performance is influenced by post-eclosion feeding. We used path analysis to investigate the relationships between larval and adult nutrition, horn and body size and fitness-related traits such as strength and testes mass in the horned beetle Euoniticellus intermedius. In males weight gain post-eclosion had a central role in determining both testes mass and strength. Weight gain was unaffected by adult nutrition but was strongly correlated with by horn length, itself determined by larval resource availability, indicating strong indirect effects of larval nutrition on the adult beetle's ability to assimilate food and grow tissues. Female strength was predicted by a simple path diagram where strength was determined by eclosion weight, itself determined by larval nutrition: weight gain post-eclosion was not a predictor of strength in this sex. Based on earlier findings we discuss the insulin-like signalling pathway as a possible mechanism by which larval nutrition could affect adult weight gain and thence traits such as strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leeann T. Reaney
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J. Knell
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Driessens T, Huyghe K, Vanhooydonck B, Van Damme R. Messages conveyed by assorted facets of the dewlap, in both sexes of Anolis sagrei. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-015-1938-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Rival assessment and comparison of morphological and performance-based predictors of fighting ability in Lake Eyre dragon lizards, Ctenophorus maculosus. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-014-1863-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Husak JF, McGuire JA. Does ‘gliding while gravid’ explain Rensch's rule in flying lizards? Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jerry F. Husak
- Department of Biology; University of St. Thomas; St. Paul MN 55105 USA
| | - Jimmy A. McGuire
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology and Department of Integrative Biology; University of California; Berkeley CA 94720 USA
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Garcia MJ, Murphree J, Wilson J, Earley RL. Mechanisms of decision making during contests in green anole lizards: prior experience and assessment. Anim Behav 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pérez i de Lanuza G, Carazo P, Font E. Colours of quality: structural (but not pigment) coloration informs about male quality in a polychromatic lizard. Anim Behav 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Edwards JR, Lailvaux SP. Do interspecific interactions between females drive shifts in habitat use? A test using the lizardsAnolis carolinensisandA. sagrei. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R. Edwards
- Department of Biological Sciences; University of New Orleans; 2000 Lakeshore Drive New Orleans LA 70148 USA
| | - Simon P. Lailvaux
- Department of Biological Sciences; University of New Orleans; 2000 Lakeshore Drive New Orleans LA 70148 USA
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Naretto S, Cardozo G, Blengini CS, Chiaraviglio M. Sexual Selection and Dynamics of Jaw Muscle in Tupinambis Lizards. Evol Biol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11692-013-9257-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ord TJ, Stamps JA, Losos JB. Convergent evolution in the territorial communication of a classic adaptive radiation: Caribbean Anolis lizards. Anim Behav 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ord TJ, Collar DC, Sanger TJ. The biomechanical basis of evolutionary change in a territorial display. Funct Ecol 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Terry J. Ord
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, and the School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences; University of New South Wales; Kensington; New South Wales; 2052; Australia
| | - David C. Collar
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Long Marine Laboratory; University of California; Santa Cruz; California; 95060; USA
| | - Thomas J. Sanger
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, and the Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology; Harvard University; Cambridge; Massachusetts; 02138; USA
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Assessment Strategies and the Effects of Fighting Experience on Future Contest Performance in the Green Anole (Anolis carolinensis). Ethology 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0310.2012.02072.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Lailvaux SP, Gilbert RL, Edwards JR. A performance-based cost to honest signalling in male green anole lizards (Anolis carolinensis). Proc Biol Sci 2012; 279:2841-8. [PMID: 22418258 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2011.2577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual signals are considered costly to produce and maintain under the handicap paradigm, and the reliability of signals is in turn thought to be maintained by these costs. Although previous studies have investigated the costly nature of signal production, few have considered whether honesty might be maintained not by the costliness of the signal itself, but by the costs involved in producing the signalled trait. If such a trait is itself costly to produce, then the burden of energetic investment may fall disproportionately on that trait, in addition to any costs of signal maintenance that may also be operating. Under limited resource conditions, these costs may therefore be great enough to disrupt an otherwise reliable signal-to-trait relationship. We present experimental evidence showing that dietary restriction decouples the otherwise honest relationship between a signal (dewlap size) and a whole-organism performance trait (bite force) in young adult male Anolis carolinensis lizards. Specifically, while investment in dewlap size is sustained under low-resource condition relative to the high-resource treatment, investment in bite force is substantially lower. Disruption of the otherwise honest dewlap size to bite force relationship is therefore driven by costs associated with the expression of performance rather than the costs of signal production in A. carolinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon P Lailvaux
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA.
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