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Bayram B, Liman N, Alan E, Sağsöz H. Angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors during the post-hatching growth of the quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) spleen. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2024; 307:3606-3622. [PMID: 38623888 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family members are responsible for endothelial cells' growth, proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, vascular permeability, and differentiation and proliferation of non-endothelial cell types. VEGF and its receptors are found in mammalian lymphoid organs. The present study was conceived to determine (a) the presence and localization of angiogenic VEGF and its receptors (Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 [Flt1/fms], fetal liver kinase 1 [Flk1]/kinase insert domain receptor [KDR], Fms-like tyrosine kinase 4 [Flt4]) and vascular endothelial growth inhibitor (VEGI) in the quail spleen; and (b) whether their expressions in the spleen components change during the post-hatching growth of the organ, using immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemical stainings showed that VEGI, VEGF, and VEGF receptors were expressed in many components, including the vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells, ellipsoid-associated cells (EACs), and immune cells, of quail spleen and that VEGF and its receptors' immunostaining intensity scores (ISs) varied depending on the post-hatching growth period, while VEGI-IS did not change. In addition, ISs of VEGI, VEGF, Flt1/fms, and Flt4 in EACs were weak to moderate, while flk1/KDR-IS in EACs adjacent to the capsule of Schweigger-Seidel sheaths (ellipsoids) was higher than other proteins, supports a more important and specific role of Flk1/KDR in the EAC function. These specific expressions of VEGI, VEGF, flt1/fms, flk1/KDR, and flt4 proteins in splenic cell types suggest their particular roles, in the functional development of splenic components and thus, are critical to post-hatching maturation of quail spleen. These findings indicate that the expression levels of VEGF, Flt1/fms, and Flt4, except Flk1/KDR, are low in the quail spleen, and only a few components of the spleen express VEGF, Flt1/fms, and Flt4 under normal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayram Bayram
- Department of Laboratory and Veterinary Health, Idil Vocational High School, Şırnak University, Şırnak, Turkey
| | - Narin Liman
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Emel Alan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Hakan Sağsöz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
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Kalitin N, Dudina G, Kostritsa N, Sivirinova A, Karamysheva A. Evaluation of VEGF and VEGFR gene expression as prognostic markers in low and intermediate‑1 risk patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. Oncol Lett 2023; 25:95. [PMID: 36817042 PMCID: PMC9932006 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are angiogenic factors playing a key role in tumor development. VEGFs are produced by different normal and tumor cells, including platelets, lymphocytes and mononuclear cells of peripheral blood. VEGF (VEGF-A, VEGF-C and VEGF-D) and VEGFR (VEGFR1, VEGFR2 and VEGFR3) gene expression was studied in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) to evaluate the possible prognostic role of the expression of these genes. Gene expression levels were determined using peripheral blood samples of 51 patients with MDS and 15 healthy volunteers by quantitative PCR. Expression of all VEGF and VEGFR genes was elevated in patients with MDS compared with healthy volunteers. No association of VEGF-A expression with the hemoglobin content in peripheral blood was found. The analyses of gene expression in patients with MDS stratified by risk groups according to the International Prognostic Scoring System showed progressive augmentation of VEGF-A gene expression from low to high-risk groups and VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 expression from intermediate-1 to high-risk groups. The statistically significant difference in survival time of patients with high and low levels of VEGFR1 expression was revealed. VEGF-A/VEGFR1 expression may be important for risk evaluation of patients with MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Kalitin
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Genetics, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 115478 Moscow, Russia,Correspondence to: Dr Nikolay Kalitin, Laboratory of Tumor Cell Genetics, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 24 Kashirskoye Shosse, 115478 Moscow, Russia, E-mail:
| | - Galina Dudina
- Department of Oncohematology, A.S. Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, 111123 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Kostritsa
- Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasiya Sivirinova
- Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aida Karamysheva
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Genetics, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 115478 Moscow, Russia
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A multi-center, single-arm, phase II study of anlotinib plus paclitaxel and cisplatin as the first-line therapy of recurrent/advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Med 2022; 20:472. [PMID: 36482345 PMCID: PMC9733004 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02649-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anlotinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has shown encouraging anti-tumor activity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of anlotinib plus paclitaxel and cisplatin (TP) as first-line therapy for advanced ESCC. METHODS In a multi-center, single-arm, phase II clinical trial, patients (aged > 18 years) with ESCC, which was judged to be locally advanced, recurrent, or metastatic, received 10 mg oral anlotinib once daily on days 1-14, 135 mg/m2 intravenous paclitaxel on day 1, and 60-75 mg/m2 intravenous cisplatin on days 1-3 every 3 weeks for a maximum of 4-6 cycles as the initial therapy in five centers in China. Subsequently, patients received anlotinib monotherapy (10 mg) as maintenance therapy until tumor progression or intolerable toxicity. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS Forty-seven patients were enrolled in this study between October 2019 and March 2021. The median follow-up was 14.04 months (IQR, 9.30-19.38). Of 46 with assessable efficacy, the median PFS and median overall survival were 8.38 months (95% CI, 6.59-10.17) and 18.53 months (95% CI, 13.11-23.95), respectively. The objective response rate was 76.1% (95% CI, 61.2-87.4%), with 4 (8.7%) complete responses and 31 (67.4%) partial responses. The disease control rate was 91.3% (95% CI, 79.2-97.6%). The median duration of response was 6.80 months (95% CI, 4.52-9.08), and 1 patient had an ongoing response for 23 months. Subgroup analysis revealed no association between clinical factors and survival or response. Of the 47 patients with assessable safety, the main grade ≥ 3 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were neutropenia (17.0%), bone marrow suppression (12.8%), and vomiting (10.6%). No treatment-related deaths or serious TEAEs were observed. Notably, higher c-Kit levels were an independent factor for superior PFS (HR = 0.032; 95% CI, 0.002-0.606; P = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated a manageable safety profile and durable clinical response of anlotinib plus TP as first-line therapy in advanced ESCC, which suggested a potential therapeutic option for this population. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04063683. Registered 21 August 2019.
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Elsayed GH, Fahim AM, Khodair AI. Synthesis, anti-cancer activity, gene expression and docking stimulation of 2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-one derivatives. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Daniyal A, Santoso I, Gunawan NHP, Barliana MI, Abdulah R. Genetic Influences in Breast Cancer Drug Resistance. BREAST CANCER (DOVE MEDICAL PRESS) 2021; 13:59-85. [PMID: 33603458 PMCID: PMC7882715 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s284453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in adult women aged 20 to 50 years. The therapeutic regimens that are commonly recommended to treat breast cancer are human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) targeted therapy, endocrine therapy, and systemic chemotherapy. The selection of pharmacotherapy is based on the characteristics of the tumor and its hormone receptor status, specifically, the presence of HER2, progesterone receptors, and estrogen receptors. Breast cancer pharmacotherapy often gives different results in various populations, which may cause therapeutic failure. Different types of congenital drug resistance in individuals can cause this. Genetic polymorphism is a factor in the occurrence of congenital drug resistance. This review explores the relationship between genetic polymorphisms and resistance to breast cancer therapy. It considers studies published from 2010 to 2020 concerning the relationship of genetic polymorphisms and breast cancer therapy. Several gene polymorphisms are found to be related to longer overall survival, worse relapse-free survival, higher pathological complete response, and increased disease-free survival in breast cancer patients. The presence of these gene polymorphisms can be considered in the treatment of breast cancer in order to shape personalized therapy to yield better results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhitiya Daniyal
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Ivana Santoso
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Nadira Hasna Putri Gunawan
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Melisa Intan Barliana
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
- Department of Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Rizky Abdulah
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
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Liang Y, Besch-Williford C, Cook MT, Belenchia A, Brekken RA, Hyder SM. APR-246 alone and in combination with a phosphatidylserine-targeting antibody inhibits lung metastasis of human triple-negative breast cancer cells in nude mice. BREAST CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2019; 11:249-259. [PMID: 31534364 PMCID: PMC6681124 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s208706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Approximately 15–20% of all human breast cancers are classified as triple-negative because they lack estrogen and progesterone receptors and Her-2-neu, which are commonly targeted by chemotherapeutic drugs. New treatment strategies are therefore urgently needed to combat triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs). Almost 80% of the triple-negative tumors express mutant p53 (mtp5), a functionally defective tumor suppressor protein. Whereas wild-type p53 (wtp53) promotes cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor-dependent angiogenesis, mtp53 fails to regulate these functions, resulting in tumor vascularization, growth, resistance to chemotherapy, and metastasis. Restoration of p53 function is therefore a promising drug-targeted strategy for suppressing TNBC metastasis. Methods APR-246 is a small-molecule drug that reactivates mtp53, thereby restoring p53 function. In this study, we sought to determine whether administration of APR-246, either alone or in combination with 2aG4, an antibody that targets phosphatidylserine residues on tumor blood vessels and disrupts tumor vasculature, effectively inhibits stem cell-like characteristics of tumor cells and migration in vitro, and metastasis of human mtp53-expressing TNBC cells to the lungs in mouse models. Results APR-246 reduced both the stem cell-like properties and migration of TNBC cells in vitro. In mouse models, administration of either APR-246 or 2aG4 reduced metastasis of TNBC cells to the lungs; a combination of the two diminished lung metastasis to the same extent as either agent alone. Combination treatment significantly reduced the incidence of lung metastasis compared either single agent alone. Conclusion Metastasis of human mtp53-expressing TNBC cells to the lungs of nude mice is inhibited by the treatment that combines activation of mtp53 with targeting of phosphatidylserine residues on tumor blood vessels. We contend therefore that our findings strongly support the use of combination treatment involving mtp53 activation and immunotherapy in patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayun Liang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | | | - Matthew T Cook
- Department of Biology, Washburn University, Topeka, KS, USA
| | - Anthony Belenchia
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology and Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Rolf A Brekken
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research and Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Salman M Hyder
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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Babyshkina N, Zavyalova M, Tarabanovskaya N, Dronova T, Krakhmal N, Slonimskaya E, Kzhyshkowska J, Choynzonov E, Cherdyntseva N. Predictive value of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 in triple-negative breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 444:197-206. [PMID: 29230610 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3244-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The identification of informative biomarkers that could predict the treatment response is particularly important in the triple-negative (TN) breast cancer, which is characterized by biological diversity. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR2) expression and its gene polymorphisms on pathologic complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) in Russian patients with TN breast cancer. We performed a retrospective analysis of 70 women with operable TN breast cancer, who underwent NCT with 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin, and cyclophosphamide (FAC) or cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, and capecitabine (CAX) between 2007 and 2013. VEGFR2 expression was evaluated before NCT by immunohistochemistry. TaqMan SNP assays were used for genotyping KDR - 604T>C (rs2071559) and KDR 1192G>A (rs2305948) polymorphisms. The pCR was used as an end-point in the treatment efficacy analysis. In the univariate analysis, the pCR rate was strongly associated with young age (P = 0.004), high Ki67 expression (P = 0.012), lymph node negativity (P = 0.023) as well as with positive VEGFR2 expression (P = 0.019) and the CAX regimen (P = 0.005). In the multivariate analysis, only patient's age (P = 0.005) and pre-NCT VEGFR2 expression (P = 0.048) remained significant predictors of pCR. The pCR rate was higher in the CAX-treated patients than that in the FAC-treated patients (P = 0.005). Our results revealed that - 604TT genotype of rs2071559 and age < 50 years were correlated with a pCR in the CAX-treated patients. VEGFR2 expression in pre-NCT tumors and KDR gene polymorphism can be considered as additional predictive molecular markers of pCR in Russian TN breast cancer patients treated with NCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya Babyshkina
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Саncеr Research Institute", Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 5 Kooperativny Street, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation.
- Department of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation.
| | - Marina Zavyalova
- Department of Pathological Anatomy and Cytology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Саncеr Research Institute", Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation
- Department of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation
- Department of General Oncology, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia Tarabanovskaya
- Department of General Oncology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Cаncеr Research Institute", Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation
| | - Tatyana Dronova
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Саncеr Research Institute", Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 5 Kooperativny Street, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation
- Department of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation
| | - Nadejda Krakhmal
- Department of Pathological Anatomy and Cytology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Саncеr Research Institute", Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation
- Department of General Oncology, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation
| | - Elena Slonimskaya
- Department of General Oncology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Cаncеr Research Institute", Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation
- Department of General Oncology, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation
| | - Julia Kzhyshkowska
- Department of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim University of Heidelberg, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Evgeny Choynzonov
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Саncеr Research Institute", Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation
| | - Nadejda Cherdyntseva
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Саncеr Research Institute", Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 5 Kooperativny Street, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation
- Department of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation
- Department of General Oncology, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation
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Zhang X, Feng S, Liu J, Li Q, Zheng L, Xie L, Li H, Huang D. Novel small peptides derived from VEGF 125-136: potential drugs for radioactive diagnosis and therapy in A549 tumor-bearing nude mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4278. [PMID: 28655913 PMCID: PMC5487319 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04513-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) is a critical factor in tumor angiogenesis and has been considered a potential target for receptor-mediated radionuclide imaging and therapy. In this study, we identified two peptides (QKRKRKKSRKKH and RKRKRKKSRYIVLS) derived from VEGF125-136 that displayed high binding affinities to VEGFR and strong inhibition of A549 cell growth. 99mTc- and 188Re-labeled peptides displayed high labeling efficiency and favorable stability in saline and human plasma. At the cellular level, the radiolabeled peptides could bind with A549 cells and be internalized via the VEGFR-1-mediated pathway. 99mTc/188Re-labeled peptide was significantly accumulated at xenograft tumors, as observed with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) planar imaging. Moreover, 188Re-labeled peptides significantly inhibited tumor growth, prolonged the survival time of the tumor-bearing nude mice and resulted in much more necrotic regions and apoptotic cells in the A549 xenograft tumors. These results demonstrated that these two peptides as candidate drugs for radionuclide imaging and tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shibin Feng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qianwei Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Laiping Xie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hongmin Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Dingde Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Zhu H, Zhao C, Liu F, Wang L, Feng J, Shou C, Yang Z. 125I-F56 Peptide as Radioanalysis Agent Targeting VEGFR1 in Mice Xenografted with Human Gastric Tumor. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:266-269. [PMID: 28197324 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
125I-Radiolabeled F56 peptide was designed as a radioactive analogue of F56 (peptide WHSDMEWWYLLG) to bind with VEGFR1 receptor. It was synthesized in high radiochemical yield and specific activity. The in vitro stability of 125I-F56 was tested, and the bioactivity of 125I-F56 was confirmed by both cell uptake and binding affinity measurement in VEGFR1 positive BGC-823 cells. The time-radioactivity relationship and biodistribution of 125I-F56 tracer were conducted using nude mice bearing human gastric carcinoma BGC-823, by noninvasive micro-SPECT/CT imaging. The tracer's tumor uptake was further confirmed by autoradiography and HE stain of 125I-F56 in tumor tissues ex vivo. Those results demonstrated that 125I-F56 holds great potential as a diagnostic agent in both molecular imaging and radioanalysis probe for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Chuanke Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Junnan Feng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Chengchao Shou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
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10
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Pu D, Liu J, Li Z, Zhu J, Hou M. Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 (FGFR1), Partly Related to Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and Microvessel Density, is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:247-257. [PMID: 28088809 PMCID: PMC5260665 DOI: 10.12659/msm.899005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore the correlation between FGFR1 and clinical features, including survival analysis and the promotion of angiogenesis by fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2). FGFR1 gene amplification has been found in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the prognostic value of FGFR1 and the correlation between FGFR1 and clinical features are still controversial. Material/Methods A total of 92 patients with NSCLC who underwent R0 resection between July 2006 and July 2008 were enrolled in the study. The expression of FGFR1, VEGFR2, and CD34 was detected by immunohistochemistry. The correlations between the aforementioned markers and the patients’ clinical features were analyzed by the chi-square test. The impact factors of prognosis were evaluated by Cox regression analyses. Results The expression ratios of FGFR1 and VEGFR2 were 26.1% and 43.4%, respectively. The intensity of FGFR1 expression was related to VEGFR2 and histopathology. To some extent, the average microvessel density (MVD) had correlation to the expression of FGFR1 and VGEFR2. The pathological stages III–IV and high expression of FGFR1 were found to be independent prognostic factors. Conclusions The expression intensity of FGFR1 and VEGFR2 was associated with MVD, and the expression of FGFR1 is one of the independent prognostic indicators for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Pu
- Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland)
| | - Jiewei Liu
- Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland)
| | - Zhixi Li
- Lung Cancer Centre, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland)
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Department of Oncology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland)
| | - Mei Hou
- Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland)
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11
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Raposo-Ferreira TM, Salvador RC, Terra EM, Ferreira JH, Vechetti-Junior IJ, Tinucci-Costa M, Rogatto SR, Laufer-Amorim R. Evaluation of vascular endothelial growth factor gene and protein expression in canine metastatic mammary carcinomas. Microsc Res Tech 2016; 79:1097-1104. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Talita M.M. Raposo-Ferreira
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery; School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Univ. Estadual Paulista; Jaboticabal Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Rosana C.L. Salvador
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery; School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Univ. Estadual Paulista; Jaboticabal Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Erika M. Terra
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery; School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Univ. Estadual Paulista; Jaboticabal Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Juarez H. Ferreira
- Department of Morphology; Botucatu Bioscience Institute, Univ. Estadual Paulista Botucatu; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Ivan José Vechetti-Junior
- Department of Morphology; Botucatu Bioscience Institute, Univ. Estadual Paulista Botucatu; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Mirela Tinucci-Costa
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery; School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Univ. Estadual Paulista; Jaboticabal Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Silvia R. Rogatto
- Department of Urology; Botucatu Medical School, Univ. Estadual Paulista Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil and International Center for Research (CIPE), AC Camargo Hospital, Liberdade; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Renée Laufer-Amorim
- Department of Veterinary Clinic; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Univ. Estadual Paulista Botucatu; Sao Paulo Brazil
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12
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Dou X, Yan J, Zhang Y, Liu P, Jiang Y, Lv S, Zeng F, Chen X, Wang S, Zhang H, Wu H, Zhang H, Ouyang L, Su X. SPECT imaging of neuropilin receptor type-1 expression with 131I-labeled monoclonal antibody. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:961-70. [PMID: 27315007 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
As a novel co-receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), neuropilin receptor type-1 (NRP-1) is overexpressed in several cancers and metastases, and serves as an attractive target for cancer molecular imaging and therapy. Previous single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) studies demonstrated that the small NRP-1-targeting peptides 99mTc-MA-ATWLPPR and 99mTc-CK3 showed poor tumor imaging quality, because of their rapid blood clearance and very low tumor uptake. Compared with small peptides, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can improve imaging of NRP-1-expression, due to their high affinity, specificity and slow extraction. A6-11-26 is a novel monoclonal antibody against NRP-1 b1b2 domain that exhibits inhibition of tumor growth in NPR-1-expressing preclinical models. The aim of the present study was to develop the 131I-labeled anti-NRP-1 monoclonal antibody A6-11-26 as a SPECT probe for imaging of NRP-1-positive tumor. An anti-NRP-1 monoclonal antibody (A6-11-26) was produced by hybridomas and was labeled with iodine-131 by the iodogen method. In vitro, the radiolabeling efficiency, radiochemical purity, immunoreactive fraction and stability were assessed. Binding affinity and specificity of 131I‑A6-11-26 to NRP-1 were evaluated using human glioblastoma U87MG cells. In vivo, biodistribution and SPECT/CT studies were conducted on mice bearing U87MG xenografts after the injection of 131I-A6-11-26 with or without co-injection of unlabeled A6-11-26 antibody. A6-11-26 was generated successfully by hybridoma with high purity (>95%) and was labeled with iodine-131 within 60 min with high labelling efficiency (95.46±3.34%), radiochemical purity (98.23±1.41%). 131I-A6-11-26 retained its immunoreactivity and also displayed excellent stability in mouse serum and PBS solution during 1 to 96 h. Cell uptake assays showed high NRP-1-specific uptake (15.80±1.30% applied activity at 6 h) in U87MG cells. 131I-A6-11-26 bound to NRP-1 with low nanomolar affinity (KD=1.67±0.14 nM) in U87MG cells. In vivo, biodistribution study demonstrated targeting of U87MG glioma xenografts was NRP-1 specific. The tumor uptake was 6.00±1.24%ID/g at 24 h, and the tumor to muscle ratio was 3.20±0.30 at 24 h, and reached the highest level of 6.13±0.24 at 120 h after injection. SPECT imaging studies revealed that 131I-A6-11-26 could clearly identify U87MG tumors with good contrast, especially at 72-120 h after injection. The present study demonstrates that 131I-A6-11-26 is capable of detecting lesions in an NRP-1-expressing tumor with high target selectivity, and may offer a promising SPECT agent for NRP-1 expression positive tumor and encourage further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Dou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Jianghua Yan
- Cancer Research Center of Medical School, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Yafei Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Yizhen Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Sha Lv
- Cancer Research Center of Medical School, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Fanwei Zeng
- Cancer Research Center of Medical School, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Cancer Research Center of Medical School, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Shengyu Wang
- Cancer Research Center of Medical School, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Haipeng Zhang
- Cancer Research Center of Medical School, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, P.R. China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310052, P.R. China
| | - Lin Ouyang
- Department of Imaging Medicine, Affiliated Southeast Hospital of Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, Fujian 363000, P.R. China
| | - Xinhui Su
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
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13
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Cui YF, Liu AH, An DZ, Sun RB, Shi Y, Shi YX, Shi M, Zhang Q, Wang LL, Feng Q, Pan GL, Wang Q. Claudin-4 is required for vasculogenic mimicry formation in human breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:11087-97. [PMID: 25871476 PMCID: PMC4484441 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) refers to the unique capability of aggressive tumor cells to mimic the pattern of embryonic vasculogenic networks. Claudins are aberrantly expressed in aggressive breast cancer. However, the relationship between claudins and VM formation is not clear. We examined VM in two human breast cancer cell lines with different aggressive capabilities (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells) and one human umbilical vein endothelial cell line (HUVEC). Both HUVEC and MDA-MB-231 cells formed vascular channels in Matrigel cultures, while MCF-7 cells did not. Western blot analysis revealed a possible correlation between claudin-4 and -6 expression in breast cancer cell lines and tumor aggressiveness, with protein levels correlating with the ability to form vascular channels. Treatment of MDA-MB-231 and HUVEC cells with claudin-4 monoclonal antibodies completely inhibited the ability of cells to form vascular channels. Moreover, knockdown of claudin-4 by short hairpin RNA completely inhibited tubule formation in MDA-MB-231 cells. Overexpression of claudin-4 in MCF-7 cells induced formation of vascular channels. Immunocytochemistry revealed that membranous claudin-4 protein was significantly associated with vascular channel formation. Collectively, these results indicate that claudin-4 may play a critical role in VM in human breast cancer cells, opening new opportunities to improve aggressive breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Feng Cui
- Center of Hygiene Assessment and Research, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - An-Heng Liu
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dai-Zhi An
- Center of Hygiene Assessment and Research, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ru-Bao Sun
- Center of Hygiene Assessment and Research, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Shi
- Center of Hygiene Assessment and Research, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Xiang Shi
- Department of Physiology, BaoTou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Miao Shi
- Center of Hygiene Assessment and Research, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Center of Hygiene Assessment and Research, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Li Wang
- Center of Hygiene Assessment and Research, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Feng
- Department of Physiology, BaoTou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Gui-Lan Pan
- Department of Physiology, BaoTou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Center of Hygiene Assessment and Research, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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14
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Rusckowski M, Wang Y, Blankenberg FG, Levashova Z, Backer MV, Backer JM. Targeted scVEGF/(177)Lu radiopharmaceutical inhibits growth of metastases and can be effectively combined with chemotherapy. EJNMMI Res 2016; 6:4. [PMID: 26780081 PMCID: PMC4715132 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-016-0163-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND scVEGF/(177)Lu is a novel radiopharmaceutical targeted by recombinant single-chain (sc) derivative of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that binds to and is internalized by vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR). scVEGF/(177)Lu potential as adjuvant and neoadjuvant anti-angiogenic therapy was assessed in metastatic and orthotopic mouse models of triple-negative breast cancer. METHODS Metastatic lesions in Balb/c mice were established by intracardiac injection of luciferase-expressing 4T1luc mouse breast carcinoma cells. Mice with metastatic lesions received single intravenous (i.v.) injection of well-tolerated dose of scVEGF/(177)Lu (7.4 MBq/mouse) at day 8 after 4T1luc cell injection. Primary orthotopic breast tumors in immunodeficient mice were established by injecting luciferase-expressing MDA231luc human breast carcinoma cells into mammary fat pad. Tumor-bearing mice were treated with single injections of scVEGF/(177)Lu (7.4 MBq/mouse, i.v), or liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil, 1 mg doxorubicin per kg, i.v.), or with a combination of Doxil and scVEGF/(177)Lu given at the same doses, but two hours apart. "Cold" scVEGF-targeting conjugate was included in controls and in Doxil alone group. The effects of treatments were defined by bioluminescent imaging (BLI), computed tomography (CT), computed microtomography (microCT), measurements of primary tumor growth, and immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS In metastatic model, adjuvant treatment with scVEGF/(177)Lu decreased overall metastatic burden and improved survival. In orthotopic primary tumor model, a combination of Doxil and scVEGF/(177)Lu was more efficient in tumor growth inhibition than each treatment alone. scVEGF/(177)Lu treatment decreased immunostaining for VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, and pro-tumorigenic M2-type macrophage marker CD206. CONCLUSIONS Selective targeting of VEGFR with well-tolerated doses of scVEGF/(177)Lu is effective in metastatic and primary breast cancer models and can be combined with chemotherapy. As high level of VEGFR expression is a common feature in a variety of cancers, targeted delivery of (177)Lu for specific receptor-mediated uptake warrants further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Rusckowski
- Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | | | | | - Zoia Levashova
- Department of Radiology/MIPS, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA.,Current address: Igenica Biotherapeutics, Inc., Burlingame, CA, 94010, USA
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15
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Xu WW, Li B, Lam AKY, Tsao SW, Law SYK, Chan KW, Yuan QJ, Cheung ALM. Targeting VEGFR1- and VEGFR2-expressing non-tumor cells is essential for esophageal cancer therapy. Oncotarget 2015; 6:1790-805. [PMID: 25595897 PMCID: PMC4359332 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing appreciation of tumor heterogeneity and the tumor-host interaction has stimulated interest in developing novel therapies that target both tumor cells and tumor microenvironment. Bone marrow derived cells (BMDCs) constitute important components of the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we aim to investigate the significance of VEGFR1- and VEGFR2-expressing non-tumor cells, including BMDCs, in esophageal cancer (EC) progression and in VEGFR1/VEGFR2-targeted therapies. Here we report that VEGFR1 or VEGFR2 blockade can significantly attenuate VEGF-induced Src and Erk signaling, as well as the proliferation and migration of VEGFR1⁺ and VEGFR2⁺ bone marrow cells and their pro-invasive effect on cancer cells. Importantly, our in vivo data show for the first time that systemic blockade of VEGFR1⁺ or VEGFR2⁺ non-tumor cells with neutralizing antibodies is sufficient to significantly suppress esophageal tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis in mice. Moreover, our tissue microarray study of human EC clinical specimens showed the clinicopathological significance of VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 in EC, which suggest that anti-VEGFR1/VEGFR2 therapies may be particularly beneficial for patients with aggressive EC. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the important contributions of VEGFR1⁺ and VEGFR2⁺ non-tumor cells in esophageal cancer progression, and substantiates the validity of these receptors as therapeutic targets for this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wen Xu
- Department of Anatomy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.,The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Anatomy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.,The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), China.,Centre for Cancer Research, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alfred K Y Lam
- Department of Pathology, Griffith Medical School and Griffith Health Institute, Gold Coast Campus, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Sai Wah Tsao
- Department of Anatomy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Centre for Cancer Research, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Simon Y K Law
- Centre for Cancer Research, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kwok Wah Chan
- The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), China.,Centre for Cancer Research, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qiu Ju Yuan
- Department of Anatomy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Annie L M Cheung
- Department of Anatomy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.,The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), China.,Centre for Cancer Research, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
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16
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Liu L, Qiao Y, Hu C, Liu Y, Xia Y, Wang L, Liu B, Chen H, Jiang X. Endostatin exerts radiosensitizing effect in non-small cell lung cancer cells by inhibiting VEGFR2 expression. Clin Transl Oncol 2015; 18:18-26. [PMID: 26542176 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-015-1319-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine the effects of endostatin on vascular growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and the mechanisms underlying its radiosensitizing effect. METHODS VEGFR2 mRNA levels were determined in different NSCLC cell lines using qRT-PCR. RT-PCR and Western blot assays were used to assess the expression of mRNA and proteins. The radiosensitivity of the cells was determined by colony-formation assays; and cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS VEGFR2 mRNA levels differed among the five NSCLC cell lines (P < 0.01), with the highest expression in Calu-1 cells and lowest in A549 cells. Endostatin significantly inhibited the growth of Calu-1 cells (P < 0.01) (IC20 = 296.5 μg/ml), and the expression of VEGFR2 and HIF-1α (P < 0.05). Phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt), extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), and p38 were significantly lower in endostatin-treated cells than control (P < 0.05). Endostatin enhanced the radiosensitivity of Calu-1 cells to SER = 1.38 and induced apoptosis (P < 0.01) and G2/M blockage (P < 0.01). However, endostatin had limited effects on A549 cells. Compared with Calu-1 cells, there was not significantly effects on cell radiosensitivity (SER = 1.09). CONCLUSIONS Endostatin induces apoptosis and enhances radiosensitivity of the VEGFR2 high-expressing cell line Calu-1, but it has a limited effect on the VEGFR2 low-expressing cell line A549.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Liu
- Xuzhou Medical College Graduate Academy, Xuzhou, 221006, China
| | - Y Qiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lianyungang First People's Hospital, No. 182, Tongguan Road, Lianyungang, 222002, Jiangsu, China
| | - C Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lianyungang First People's Hospital, No. 182, Tongguan Road, Lianyungang, 222002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Y Liu
- Xuzhou Medical College Graduate Academy, Xuzhou, 221006, China
| | - Y Xia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lianyungang First People's Hospital, No. 182, Tongguan Road, Lianyungang, 222002, Jiangsu, China
| | - L Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lianyungang First People's Hospital, No. 182, Tongguan Road, Lianyungang, 222002, Jiangsu, China
| | - B Liu
- Xuzhou Medical College Graduate Academy, Xuzhou, 221006, China
| | - H Chen
- Xuzhou Medical College Graduate Academy, Xuzhou, 221006, China
| | - X Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lianyungang First People's Hospital, No. 182, Tongguan Road, Lianyungang, 222002, Jiangsu, China.
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17
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VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 in lip carcinogenesis and its association with microvessel density. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:7285-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3454-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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18
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Wen L, Wang R, Lu X, You C. Expression and clinical significance of vascular endothelial growth factor and fms-related tyrosine kinase 1 in colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2015; 9:2414-2418. [PMID: 26137082 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic value of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor, fms-related tyrosine kinase-1 (FLT-1), in patients with colorectal cancer. An immunohistochemical approach was used to detect the protein expression of VEGF and FLT-1 in 90 patients with colorectal cancer. The impact of VEGF and FLT-1 tumor cell expression, in addition to other factors, on overall survival (OS) was retrospectively assessed in 90 patients. Multivariate analysis was performed in order to determine the prognostic significance of the factors. The positive expression rate of VEGF in the colorectal cancer tissues was 62.2% (56/90). The positive expression rate of FLT-1 in colorectal cancer tissues was 48.9% (44/90). The results of the log-rank test revealed that improved OS rates were significantly associated with the absence of VEGF expression (P<0.0001). By contrast, FLT-1 expression had no significant impact on OS (P=0.289). Upon multivariate analysis, VEGF expression (P=0.038) and clinical stage (P=0.021) maintained significance. VEGF expression proved to be an independent negative predictor of OS in patients with colorectal cancer. Conversely, FLT-1 expression demonstrated no impact on OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linchun Wen
- Department of Oncology, Suqian People's Hospital of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Oncology, Suqian People's Hospital of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
| | - Xiyan Lu
- Department of Oncology, Suqian People's Hospital of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
| | - Chuanwen You
- Department of Oncology, Suqian People's Hospital of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
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19
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Yu Y, Cai W, Pei CG, Shao Y. Rhamnazin, a novel inhibitor of VEGFR2 signaling with potent antiangiogenic activity and antitumor efficacy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 458:913-9. [PMID: 25704088 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Anti-angiogenesis targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) has emerged as an important tool for cancer therapy. The identification of new drugs from natural products has a long and successful history. In this study, we described a novel VEGFR2 inhibitor, rhamnazin, which inhibits tumor angiogenesis and growth. Rhamnazin significantly inhibited proliferation, migration and tube formation of human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro as well as inhibited sprouts formation of rat aorta ring. In addition, it inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced phosphorylation of VEGFR2 and its downstream signaling regulator in HUVECs. Moreover, rhamnazin could directly inhibit proliferation of breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 in vitro and in vivo. Oral administration of rhamnazin at a dose of 200 mg/kg/day could markedly inhibited human tumor xenograft growth and decreased microvessel densities (MVD) in tumor sections. Taken together, these preclinical evaluations suggest that rhamnazin inhibits angiogenesis and may be a promising anticancer drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Clinical Ophthalmology Institute, No.17 Yongwaizheng Street, Donghu District, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang Key Laboratory of Diabetes, No.1 Qianjing Road, Xihu District, Nanchang 330009, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wei Cai
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Science of Nanchang University, No.461 Bayi Road, Donghu District, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Chong-gang Pei
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Clinical Ophthalmology Institute, No.17 Yongwaizheng Street, Donghu District, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Yi Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Clinical Ophthalmology Institute, No.17 Yongwaizheng Street, Donghu District, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
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20
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Jansson S, Bendahl PO, Grabau DA, Falck AK, Fernö M, Aaltonen K, Rydén L. The three receptor tyrosine kinases c-KIT, VEGFR2 and PDGFRα, closely spaced at 4q12, show increased protein expression in triple-negative breast cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102176. [PMID: 25025175 PMCID: PMC4098911 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous subgroup of breast cancer with poor prognosis and no targeted therapy available. Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are emerging targets in anticancer therapy and many RTK-inhibiting drugs are currently being developed. The aim of this study was to elucidate if there is a correlation between the protein expression of three RTKs c-KIT, VEGFR2 and PDGFRα, their gene copy number, and prognosis in TNBC compared to non-TNBC. Methods Tumor tissue samples from patients diagnosed with primary breast cancer were stained with immunohistochemistry (IHC) for protein assessment, and with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for gene copy number determination. Breast cancer mortality (BCM), measured from the date of surgery to death, was used as endpoint. Results The cohort included 464 patients, out of which 34 (7.3%) had a TNBC. High expression of the three RTKs was more common in TNBC compared to non-TNBC: c-KIT 49% vs. 10% (P<0.001), PDGFRα 32% vs. 19% (P = 0.07) and VEGFR2 32% vs. 6% (P<0.001). The odds ratio (OR) of c-KIT, VEGFR2 and PDGFRα positivity, adjusted for tumor characteristics, was 6.8, 3.6 and 1.3 times higher for TNBC than for non-TNBC. 73.5% of the TNBC had high expression of at least one of the three investigated receptors, compared to 30.0% of the non-TNBC (P<0.001). Survival analysis showed no significant difference in BCM for TNBC patients with high vs. low c-KIT, PDGFRα or VEGFR2 protein expression. 193 (42%) tumors were evaluated with FISH. No correlation was seen between increased gene copy number and TNBC, or between increased gene copy number and high protein expression of the RTK. Conclusion c-KIT, VEGFR2 and PDGFRα show higher protein expression in TNBC compared to non-TNBC. Further investigation clarifying the importance of these RTKs in TNBC is encouraged, as they are possible targets for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Jansson
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Pär-Ola Bendahl
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Dorthe Aamand Grabau
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna-Karin Falck
- Department of Surgery, Hospital of Helsingborg, Helsingborg, Sweden
| | - Mårten Fernö
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kristina Aaltonen
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lisa Rydén
- Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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21
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Ou JM, Yu ZY, Qiu MK, Dai YX, Dong Q, Shen J, Wang XF, Liu YB, Quan ZW, Fei ZW. Knockdown of VEGFR2 inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in hemangioma-derived endothelial cells. Eur J Histochem 2014; 58:2263. [PMID: 24704994 PMCID: PMC3980207 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2014.2263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a process of development and growth of new capillary blood vessels from pre-existing vessels. Angiogenic growth factors play important roles in the development and maintenance of some malignancies, of which vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGFR2 interactions are involved in proliferation, migration, and survival of many cancer cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the function of VEGFR2 in human hemangiomas (HAs). Using immunohistochemistry assay, we examined the expression levels of VEGF, VEGFR2, Ki-67, glucose transporter-1 (Glut-1), phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-AKT) and p-ERK in different phases of human HAs. Positive expression of VEGF, VEGFR2, Ki-67, Glut-1, p-AKT and p-ERK was significantly increased in proliferating phase HAs, while decreased in involuting phase HAs (P=0.001; P=0.003). In contrast, cell apoptotic indexes were decreased in proliferating phase HAs, but increased in involuting phase HAs (P<0.01). Furthermore, we used small hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated VEGFR2 knockdown in primary HA-derived endothelial cells (HemECs) to understand the role of VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling. Knockdown of VEGFR2 by Lv-shVEGFR2 inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis in primary HemECs companied with decreased expression of p-AKT, p-ERK, p-p38MAPK and Ki-67 and increased expression of caspase-3 (CAS-3). Overexpression of VEGFR2 promoted cell viability and blocked apoptosis in Lv-VEGFR2-transfected HemECs. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that, increased expression of VEGFR2 is involved in the development of primary HemECs possibly through regulation of the AKT and ERK pathways, suggesting that VEGFR2 may be a potential therapeutic target for HAs.
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du Manoir S, Orsetti B, Bras-Gonçalves R, Nguyen TT, Lasorsa L, Boissière F, Massemin B, Colombo PE, Bibeau F, Jacot W, Theillet C. Breast tumor PDXs are genetically plastic and correspond to a subset of aggressive cancers prone to relapse. Mol Oncol 2014; 8:431-43. [PMID: 24394560 PMCID: PMC5528550 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2013.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Patient derived xenografts (PDXs) are increasingly appreciated models in cancer research, particularly for preclinical testing, as they reflect the patient's tumor biology more accurately than cancer cell lines. We have established a collection of 20 breast PDXs and characterized their biological and clinical features, as well as their genetic stability. While most PDXs originated from triple negative breast cancers (70%), our collection comprised five ER + cases (25%). Remarkably, the tumors that produced PDXs derived from a subset of aggressive breast cancers with a high proportion of grade 3 tumors and reduced recurrence-free survival. Consistent with this, we found significant differences between the transcriptomic signatures of tumors that produced a PDX (Take) and those that did not (No Take). The PDXs faithfully recapitulate the histological features of their primary tumors, and retain an excellent conservation of molecular classification assignment and Copy Number Change (CNC). Furthermore, the CNC profiles of different PDXs established from the same tumor overlap significantly. However, a small fraction of CNCs in the primary tumor that correspond to oligoclonal events were gradually lost during sequential passaging, suggesting that the PDXs' genetic structure eventually stabilizes around a dominant clone present in the tumor of origin. Finally, de novo occurring genetic events covering up to 9% of the genome were found in only a minority of the PDXs, showing that PDXs have limited genetic instability. These data show that breast cancer PDXs represent a subset of aggressive tumors prone to relapse, and that despite of an excellent conservation of original features, they remain genetically dynamic elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislas du Manoir
- INSERM U896, F-34298 Montpellier, France; Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Université Montpellier 1, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Béatrice Orsetti
- INSERM U896, F-34298 Montpellier, France; Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Université Montpellier 1, F-34298 Montpellier, France; Institut de Cancérologie de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Rui Bras-Gonçalves
- INSERM U896, F-34298 Montpellier, France; Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Université Montpellier 1, F-34298 Montpellier, France; Institut de Cancérologie de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Tien-Tuan Nguyen
- INSERM U896, F-34298 Montpellier, France; Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Université Montpellier 1, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Laurence Lasorsa
- INSERM U896, F-34298 Montpellier, France; Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Université Montpellier 1, F-34298 Montpellier, France; Institut de Cancérologie de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Florence Boissière
- Department of Pathology, Institut de Cancérologie de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France; Unité de Recherche Translationnelle, Institut de Cancérologie de Montpellier, 34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Blandine Massemin
- Department of Pathology, Institut de Cancérologie de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France; Unité de Recherche Translationnelle, Institut de Cancérologie de Montpellier, 34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Colombo
- INSERM U896, F-34298 Montpellier, France; Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Université Montpellier 1, F-34298 Montpellier, France; Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut de Cancérologie de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Frédéric Bibeau
- Department of Pathology, Institut de Cancérologie de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - William Jacot
- INSERM U896, F-34298 Montpellier, France; Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Université Montpellier 1, F-34298 Montpellier, France; Department of Medical Oncology, Institut de Cancérologie de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Charles Theillet
- INSERM U896, F-34298 Montpellier, France; Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Université Montpellier 1, F-34298 Montpellier, France; Institut de Cancérologie de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France.
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Mikalsen LTG, Dhakal HP, Bruland ØS, Naume B, Borgen E, Nesland JM, Olsen DR. The clinical impact of mean vessel size and solidity in breast carcinoma patients. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75954. [PMID: 24146798 PMCID: PMC3795733 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis quantification, through vessel counting or area estimation in the most vascular part of the tumour, has been found to be of prognostic value across a range of carcinomas, breast cancer included. We have applied computer image analysis to quantify vascular properties pertaining to size, shape and spatial distributions in photographed fields of CD34 stained sections. Aided by a pilot (98 cases), seven parameters were selected and validated on a separate set from 293 breast cancer patients. Two new prognostic markers were identified through continuous cox regression with endpoints breast cancer specific survival and distant disease free survival: The average size of the vessels as measured by their perimeter (p = 0.003 and 0.004, respectively), and the average complexity of the vessel shapes measured by their solidity (p = 0.004 and 0.004). The Hazard ratios for the corresponding median-dichotomized markers were 2.28 (p = 0.005) and 1.89 (p = 0.016) for the mean perimeter and 1.80 (p = 0.041) and 1.55 (p = 0.095) for the shape complexity. The markers were associated with poor histologic type, high grade, necrosis, HR negativity, inflammation, and p53 expression (vessel size only). Both markers were found to strongly influence the prognostic properties of vascular invasion (VI) and disseminated tumour cells in the bone marrow. The latter being prognostic only in cases with large vessels (p = 0.004 and 0.043) or low complexity (p = 0.018 and 0.024), but not in the small or complex vessel groups (p>0.47). VI was significant in all groups, but showed greater hazard ratios for small and low complexity vessels (6.54-11.2) versus large and high complexity vessels (2.64-3.06). We find that not only the overall amount of produced vasculature in angiogenic hot-spots is of prognostic significance, but also the morphological appearance of the generated vessels, i.e. the size and shape of vessels in the studied hot spots.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hari Prasad Dhakal
- Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital HF, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øyvind S. Bruland
- Department of Oncology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Naume
- Department of Oncology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elin Borgen
- Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital HF, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jahn M. Nesland
- Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital HF, Oslo, Norway
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag Rune Olsen
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Ding L, Tang F, Huang W, Jin Q, Shen H, Wei P. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel 3-pyrrolo[b]cyclohexylene-2-dihydroindolinone derivatives as potent receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:5630-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2013] [Revised: 07/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Sanchis-Gomar F, Bonaguri C, Aloe R, Pareja-Galeano H, Martinez-Bello V, Gomez-Cabrera MC, Candel J, Viña J, Lippi G. Effects of acute exercise and xanthine oxidase inhibition on novel cardiovascular biomarkers. Transl Res 2013; 162:102-9. [PMID: 23507375 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2013.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Several sports have been associated with a postexercise increase of cardiac, liver, and skeletal muscle biomarkers of injury. Exhaustive or acute physical exercise causes an increased generation of reactive oxygen species, resulting in cellular injury. Thus, exercise and training may trigger pathophysiological changes in serum concentrations of a variety of biomarkers. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the variation of novel biomarkers of stress and cardiovascular disease such as copeptin, midregional part of proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM), growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, and placental growth factor along with uric acid before and after acute high-intensity exercise and allopurinol administration. We also assessed whether allopurinol administration may affect the circulating levels of these biomarkers by inhibition of XO activity. This is a double-blind, placebo-controlled study in which 12 professional football players were divided into 2 experimental groups. An oral dose of 300 mg of allopurinol was administered to one group of six participants 4 hours before a match of the Spanish Football League, whereas the other 6 participants received placebo (cellulose). Venous blood samples were obtained before the match (baseline) and twelve hours afterwards (post-match). Serum MR-proADM levels increased significantly in the placebo group, whereas serum GDF15 levels increased significantly in both the placebo and allopurinol group after the match. No differences in the other parameters tested were found after the match in any experimental group. The trend toward postexercise increase of serum MR-proADM and GDF15 levels shows that the metabolism of these proteins is clearly imbalanced after exercise, which thereby represents a potential source of biological variability in their clinical assessment.
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Suspitsin EN, Kashyap A, Shelekhova KV, Sokolenko AP, Kuligina ES, Iyevleva AG, Kornilov AV, Ehemann V, Yanus GA, Aleksakhina SN, Preobrazhenskaya EV, Zaitseva OA, Yatsuk OS, Klimashevsky VF, Togo AV, Imyanitov EN. Evidence for angiogenesis-independent contribution of VEGFR1 (FLT1) in gastric cancer recurrence. Med Oncol 2013; 30:644. [PMID: 23801279 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-013-0644-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays an important role in cancer progression and involves activation of multiple signaling cascades. This study investigated the relationships between microvessel density, expression of VEGF and VEGFR1 (FLT1), and gastric cancer (GC) recurrence. Twenty-nine surgically treated GC cases with similar initial clinical presentation were selected for the study; 11 of these cases recurred within 3 years, while the remaining 18 did not. Microvessel density correlated with VEGF mRNA content, but neither of these parameters was associated with the disease outcome. When tumors were ranked according to the level of expression of angiogenic molecules, 9 out of 10 cases with the highest VEGFR1 expression belonged to the recurrence group, while none of the 10 GC with the lowest content of VEGFR1 mRNA had the disease relapse (p = 0.000). VEGFR1 expression did not show even a trend to correlation with the level of cancer tissue vascularization. Immunofluorescent staining by anti-VEGFR1 antibody revealed VEGFR1 expression in tumor cells but not in other cell types. Our data provide indirect support to the evidence for a non-angiogenic contribution of VEGFR1 in cancer pathogenesis.
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