1
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Özoğul E, Montaner A, Pol M, Frigola G, Balagué O, Syrykh C, Bousquets-Muñoz P, Royo R, Fontaine J, Traverse-Glehen A, Bühler MM, Giudici L, Roncador M, Zenz T, Carras S, Valmary-Degano S, de Leval L, Bosch-Schips J, Climent F, Salmeron-Villalobos J, Bashiri M, Ruiz-Gaspà S, Costa D, Beà S, Salaverria I, Giné E, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Brousset P, Raffeld M, Jaffe ES, Puente XS, López C, Nadeu F, Campo E. Large B-cell lymphomas with CCND1 rearrangement have different immunoglobulin gene breakpoints and genomic profile than mantle cell lymphoma. Blood Cancer J 2024; 14:166. [PMID: 39313500 PMCID: PMC11420347 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-024-01146-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is genetically characterized by the IG::CCND1 translocation mediated by an aberrant V(D)J rearrangement. CCND1 translocations and overexpression have been identified in occasional aggressive B-cell lymphomas with unusual features for MCL. The mechanism generating CCND1 rearrangements in these tumors and their genomic profile are not known. We have reconstructed the IG::CCND1 translocations and the genomic profile of 13 SOX11-negative aggressive B-cell lymphomas using whole genome/exome and target sequencing. The mechanism behind the translocation was an aberrant V(D)J rearrangement in three tumors and by an anomalous IGH class-switch recombination (CSR) or somatic hypermutation (SHM) mechanism in ten. The tumors with a V(D)J-mediated translocation were two blastoid MCL and one high-grade B-cell lymphoma. None of them had a mutational profile suggestive of DLBCL. The ten tumors with CSR/SHM-mediated IGH::CCND1 were mainly large B-cell lymphomas, with mutated genes commonly seen in DLBCL and BCL6 rearrangements in 6. Two cases, which transformed from marginal zone lymphomas, carried mutations in KLF2, TNFAIP3 and KMT2D. These findings expand the spectrum of tumors carrying CCND1 rearrangement that may occur as a secondary event in DLBCL mediated by aberrant CSR/SHM and associated with a mutational profile different from that of MCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Özoğul
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Pathology Department, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Anna Montaner
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Melina Pol
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerard Frigola
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Balagué
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Charlotte Syrykh
- Toulouse University Hospital Center, Cancer Institute University of Toulouse-Oncopole, 1 avenue Irène Joliot-Curie, 31059, Toulouse, CEDEX 9, France
- INSERM UMR1037 Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), ERL 5294 National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), University of Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Institut Carnot Lymphome CALYM, Laboratoire d'Excellence 'TOUCAN', Toulouse, France
| | - Pablo Bousquets-Muñoz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Romina Royo
- Barcelona Supercomputer Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Luca Giudici
- Institute of Pathology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), 6900, Locarno, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Sylvain Carras
- Grenoble Alpes University, CHU Grenoble Alpes and INSERMN UMR 1209/CNRS 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Severine Valmary-Degano
- Grenoble Alpes University, CHU Grenoble Alpes and INSERMN UMR 1209/CNRS 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Laurence de Leval
- Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jan Bosch-Schips
- Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Fina Climent
- Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | | | - Melika Bashiri
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Ruiz-Gaspà
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolors Costa
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sílvia Beà
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Itziar Salaverria
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Giné
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Leticia Quintanilla-Martinez
- Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Pierre Brousset
- Toulouse University Hospital Center, Cancer Institute University of Toulouse-Oncopole, 1 avenue Irène Joliot-Curie, 31059, Toulouse, CEDEX 9, France
- INSERM UMR1037 Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), ERL 5294 National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), University of Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Institut Carnot Lymphome CALYM, Laboratoire d'Excellence 'TOUCAN', Toulouse, France
| | - Mark Raffeld
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elaine S Jaffe
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xose S Puente
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Cristina López
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ferran Nadeu
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elias Campo
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
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2
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Chuang WY, Chang H, Shih LY, Lin TC, Yeh CJ, Ueng SH, Kuo MC, Kao HW, Liu H, Chang ST, Lee CL, Huang KP, Wang TH, Wan YL, Yu JS, Hsueh C, Chuang SS. Identification of CD5/SOX11 double-negative pleomorphic mantle cell lymphoma. Virchows Arch 2024; 485:323-334. [PMID: 38733379 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-024-03813-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Cyclin D1 protein-positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has an immunophenotype of CD5(-) cyclin D1(+) SOX11(-), and most cases lack a CCND1 rearrangement and have a gene expression profile of DLBCL. Rarely, cyclin D1 protein-positive DLBCL harbors a CCND1 rearrangement, and some genetic copy number features typical of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) have been detected. Since gene expression studies have not been performed, whether such CCND1-rearranged cases represent cyclin D1 protein-positive DLBCL or CD5/SOX11 double-negative pleomorphic MCL remains unclear. To date, no cases of CD5/SOX11 double-negative MCL have been reported. In this study, we collected eight cases initially diagnosed as cyclin D1 protein-positive DLBCL, including four with a CCND1 rearrangement and four without. Immunohistochemically, all four CCND1-rearranged cases had >50% of tumor cells positive for cyclin D1 protein, whereas only one (25%) non-rearranged case had >50% positive tumor cells. Analysis of genome-wide copy number, mutational, and gene expression profiles revealed that CCND1-rearranged cases were similar to MCL, whereas CCND1-non-rearranged cases resembled DLBCL. Despite the SOX11 negativity by immunohistochemistry, CCND1-rearranged cases had a notable trend (P = 0.064) of higher SOX11 mRNA levels compared to non-rearranged cases. Here, we show for the first time that CCND1 rearrangement could be useful for identifying CD5/SOX11 double-negative pleomorphic MCL in cases diagnosed as cyclin D1 protein-positive DLBCL. Cases with >50% cyclin D1 protein-positive tumor cells immunohistochemically and higher SOX11 mRNA levels are more likely to have a CCND1 rearrangement, and fluorescence in situ hybridization can be used to detect the rearrangement.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/pathology
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/genetics
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/diagnosis
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/metabolism
- SOXC Transcription Factors/genetics
- Aged
- Middle Aged
- CD5 Antigens/metabolism
- Male
- Female
- Cyclin D1/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- Aged, 80 and over
- Gene Rearrangement
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/metabolism
- Immunohistochemistry
- Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yu Chuang
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Center for Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hung Chang
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Yung Shih
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chieh Lin
- Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research and Development, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ju Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shir-Hwa Ueng
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chung Kuo
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Wen Kao
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan Liu
- Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | - Chih-Ling Lee
- Department of Pathology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Po Huang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Liang Wan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Song Yu
- Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chuen Hsueh
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Sung Chuang
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
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3
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Monappa V, Prabhu S, Kudva R, Godkhindi VM, Pai K, Pai A, Mailankody S. Clinical and pathological characteristics of blastoid mantle cell lymphoma: a single institution experience. F1000Res 2024; 13:525. [PMID: 39099606 PMCID: PMC11297385 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.149582.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Blastoid mantle cell lymphoma (B-MCL) is a rare aggressive lymphoma. It is characterized by blastoid morphology with high proliferation and inconsistent immunohistochemistry (IHC), making it a diagnostic challenge for the pathologist. Methods This is a retrospective analytical cohort study. We reviewed biopsy confirmed cases of B-MCL diagnosed over a period of 10 years (January 2012 to December 2022). The clinical presentation, histopathological and IHC findings, treatment received, and survival outcomes were studied. Randomly selected cases of classic MCL (n=12), diagnosed during the same period served as controls. Results A total of 12 cases were studied. Four cases were transformed from previously diagnosed MCL; 8 cases arose de novo. Mean age was 61.17 years and the male: female ratio was 5:1. Half of the cases showed extra nodal extension and 81.8% had bone marrow involvement. Gastrointestinal tract was the most common site of extra nodal involvement. Histopathological examination showed diffuse involvement of the lymph node with medium sized cells. On immunohistochemistry, one of the cases showed loss of CD5 expression while the other had aberrant CD10 expression. Mean Ki-67 index was 58.09% in the cases and 16.33% in controls and was statistically significant ( p=0.005). The median overall survival (OS) for cases was 2 years vs 8 years in controls. The p53 over expression (>30% nuclear positivity) was seen in 66.6% cases (4/6). Conclusion There are several factors that contribute to the aggressiveness of B-MCL, and new treatment approaches might be required to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Monappa
- Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Swathi Prabhu
- Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Ranjini Kudva
- Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Vishwapriya Mahadev Godkhindi
- Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Kanthilatha Pai
- Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Ananth Pai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Sharada Mailankody
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
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4
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Song A, Li JY, Cockey SG, Shao R, Zhang H. EBV-Positive Pleomorphic Variant Transformation of CD5-Negative Mantle Cell Lymphoma: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review. Case Rep Hematol 2024; 2024:3267739. [PMID: 38938449 PMCID: PMC11208810 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3267739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a mature B-cell lymphoma associated with cyclin D family rearrangements and typically expresses CD5 and cyclin D1. Epstein-Barr virus- (EBV-) positive MCL is rare, and the role of EBV infection and its transformation in MCL remains unclear. We present a case of CD5-negative classic MCL that progressed to an EBV + pleomorphic MCL six years after the initial diagnosis. Molecular studies confirmed the same clonal origin. To the best of our knowledge, the EBV-positive transformation of CD5-negative MCL into a pleomorphic variant has rarely been reported, and its recognition is important for the diagnosis and the management of patients with MCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 100032, USA
| | - Julie Y. Li
- Department of Hematopathology and Lab Medicines, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 USF Magnolia Drive, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Samuel G. Cockey
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida Health, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Richard Shao
- The University of Central Florida College of Medicine, 6850 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Hailing Zhang
- Department of Hematopathology and Lab Medicines, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 USF Magnolia Drive, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
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5
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Rodriguez-Pinilla SM, Dojcinov S, Dotlic S, Gibson SE, Hartmann S, Klimkowska M, Sabattini E, Tousseyn TA, de Jong D, Hsi ED. Aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas: a report of the lymphoma workshop of the 20th meeting of the European Association for Haematopathology. Virchows Arch 2024; 484:15-29. [PMID: 37530792 PMCID: PMC10791773 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-023-03579-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of diseases and our concepts are evolving as we learn more about their clinical, pathologic, molecular genetic features. Session IV of the 2020 EAHP Workshop covered aggressive, predominantly high-grade B-cell lymphomas, many that were difficult to classify. In this manuscript, we summarize the features of the submitted cases and highlight differential diagnostic difficulties. We specifically review issues related to high-grade B-cell lymphomas (HGBCLs) with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements including TdT expression in these cases, HGBCL, not otherwise specified, large B-cell lymphomas with IRF4 rearrangement, high-grade/large B-cell lymphomas with 11q aberration, Burkitt lymphoma, and pleomorphic mantle cell lymphoma. Since the workshop, the 5th edition of the WHO Classification for Haematolymphoid Tumours (WHO-HAEM5) and International Consensus Classification (ICC) 2022 were published. We endeavor to use the updated terminology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Dojcinov
- Department of Pathology, Morriston Hospital, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, UK
| | - Snjezana Dotlic
- Department of Pathology and Cytology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sarah E Gibson
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Sylvia Hartmann
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe University Frankfurt Am Main, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Monika Klimkowska
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elena Sabattini
- Haematopathology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Thomas A Tousseyn
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational Cell and Tissue Research Lab, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daphne de Jong
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUMC, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Eric D Hsi
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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6
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Cyclin-D1 positive B cell lymphoma with intravascular and interstitial involvement of kidney and bone marrow. Int J Hematol 2023; 117:925-928. [PMID: 36626027 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-023-03534-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Kidney involvement is rare in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), and can be caused by direct lymphoid infiltration, paraneoplastic glomerulonephritis (GN), or both. Herein, we present a case of acute kidney injury (AKI) due to renal cyclin-D1 positive B cell lymphoma infiltration. To our knowledge, this is the first case where a renal biopsy revealed intravascular neoplastic cells along with parenchymal infiltration.
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7
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Song JY, Dirnhofer S, Piris MA, Quintanilla-Martínez L, Pileri S, Campo E. Diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, not otherwise specified, and emerging entities. Virchows Arch 2023; 482:179-192. [PMID: 36459219 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-022-03466-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive and heterogenous group of diseases and the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. In the past decade, there has been an explosion in molecular profiling that has helped to identify subgroups and shared oncogenic driving mechanisms. Since the 2017 World Health Organization (WHO) classification, additional studies investigating these genomic abnormalities and phenotypic findings have been reported. Here we review these findings in DLBCL and address the proposed changes by the 2022 International Consensus Classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Y Song
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
| | - Stefan Dirnhofer
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Miguel A Piris
- Servicio de Anatomia Patologica, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leticia Quintanilla-Martínez
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence iFIT, Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapy, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefano Pileri
- Division of Hematopathology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Elias Campo
- Hematopathology Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Institute for Biomedical Research August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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8
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Araújo ALD, Fonsêca JM, do Amaral-Silva GK, de Lima Morais TM, Mariz BALA, Fonseca FP, Lopes MA, Vargas PA, Santos-Silva AR, de Almeida OP. The Role of Immunohistochemistry for Primary Oral Diagnosis in a Brazilian Oral Pathology Service. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2021; 29:781-790. [PMID: 34320560 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A proper antibody panel selection is one of the most important factors to reach an adequate diagnosis in challenging cases. This retrospective study was designed to determine the contribution of immunohistochemistry (IHC) in the primary diagnosis of oral diseases in one of the main services of oral pathology in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, and to identify the most common antibodies used, and recommend diagnostic algorithms based on our experience with challenging lesions. A total of 1698 IHC stains were performed in 401 cases from a total of 28,804 cases received from public dental clinics and private dental practitioners within a period of 13 years, representing a frequency of 1.4% of IHC solicitations. Among these, 112 (28%) were mandatory to reach a final diagnosis and 255 (63.6%) were confirmative. In 34 (8.4%) cases, it was not possible to reach a conclusive/final diagnosis, even with IHC. Regarding the nature of the lesions, 210 (52.3%) were benign, 163 (40.6%) were malignant tumors, 13 (3.2%) were reactive, 10 (2.5%) were premalignant, and 5 (1.2%) were lesions of uncertain malignancy. Small amount of tissue of some incisional biopsies, overlapping features of spindle cell lesions (epithelial, neural, melanocytic, smooth muscle, endothelial, and fibroblastic/myofibroblastic cell differentiation), and overlapping features of salivary gland lesions were the most frequent challenges in which IHC stains were requested. Spindle cell lesions were the most frequent (22%) among all cases that required IHC to reach a final diagnosis. The implementation of IHC for routine practice requires a wide range of markers, proper antibody selection, and knowledge to interpret the subjectivity of staining. The inherent limitation of incisional biopsies was pointed as a reason to inconclusive diagnosis, despite a wide range of antibodies that our laboratory displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Luíza D Araújo
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo
| | - Jéssica M Fonsêca
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo
| | | | - Thayná M de Lima Morais
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo
| | - Bruno A L A Mariz
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo
| | - Felipe P Fonseca
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcio A Lopes
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo
| | - Pablo A Vargas
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo
| | - Alan R Santos-Silva
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo
| | - Oslei P de Almeida
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo
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9
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Lee FC, Chang JL, Chen HM, Tsai WC, Hsiao PJ. Mantle Cell Lymphoma Presenting as Acute Abdominal Syndrome: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:1000. [PMID: 34442137 PMCID: PMC8391909 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9081000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute abdominal syndrome can be caused by several possible reasons. The most common causes are perforation of a gastroduodenal ulcer, peritonitis, intestinal obstructions, and perforation of an appendix or fallopian tube. Fever and pain can be caused by an appendicitis or sigmoiditis. Appendiceal lymphoma is a rare disease that is usually found incidentally during appendectomy. Most of the cases are non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Mantle cell lymphoma is an aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with a poorer prognosis than other B-cell lymphomas; thus, a definitive diagnosis is essential. CASE SUMMARY A 60-year-old man presented with right lower quadrant pain. He denied any nausea, vomiting or anorexia and was afebrile. The physical examination revealed right lower quadrant abdomen tenderness. The computed tomography scan revealed periappendiceal fatty stranding with a swollen appendix, approximately 2 cm in diameter and prominent paraaortic, portacaval and mesenteric lymph nodes. A diagnosis of acute appendicitis was made, and laparoscopic appendectomy was performed immediately. The subsequent pathological examination revealed severe congestion with lymphoid hyperplasia. The immunohistochemistry stains revealed positive staining for cluster of differentiation (CD) CD20, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), cyclin D1, SRY-box transcription factor-11 (SOX-11), immunoglobulin D (IgD) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) but negative staining for CD3, CD5, CD10 and CD23. 18F-FDG positron emission tomography showed peripheral lymph node involvement, while the bone marrow biopsy showed negative findings. Therefore, a diagnosis of mantle cell lymphoma, Ann Arbor stage IVA, was made. The patient received postoperative combination chemotherapy and remained in a stable condition over a 1-year follow-up period. CONCLUSION We report an uncommon case that initially presented as acute appendicitis, for which a final diagnosis of mantle cell lymphoma was made. In comparison with other B-cell lymphomas, mantle cell lymphoma has a poorer prognosis, and positive immunochemical staining of cyclin D1 and SOX-11 is useful for differentiating mantle cell lymphoma from other appendiceal lymphomas and treating patients appropriately. Physicians and nursing staff should be also aware of the associated complications and management in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chou Lee
- Department of Surgery, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan;
| | - Junn-Liang Chang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan;
| | - Hung-Ming Chen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan;
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chen Tsai
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan;
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Hsiao
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan
- Big Data Research Center, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
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CD5-negative blastoid variant mantle cell lymphoma: a diagnostic dilemma. Hum Pathol 2021; 111:84-91. [PMID: 33727166 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We encountered two cases of CD5- blastoid variant mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), prompting us to investigate the proportion of CD5 negativity in MCL and assess the diagnosis of aggressive MCL variants. Among 117 patients diagnosed with MCL, CD5 negativity was observed in 13% (13/104) of cases with classical MCL and 15% (2/13) of cases with blastoid/pleomorphic variant MCL. Of the aggressive MCL variant cases, tumor cells exhibited intermediate nuclear size and required differential diagnosis between blastoid variant and classical MCL in six patients, and classical MCL cells were found in the background of aggressive variant tumors or in other sites in six patients. Of 1534 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), CD5 positivity was observed in 8% (121/1534) of cases. Immunohistochemical staining for cyclin D1 performed for these cases revealed one cyclin D1-positive and IGH/CCND1 fusion-positive case (0.9%, 1/114), namely pleomorphic variant MCL. Of the remaining 1413 patients initially diagnosed with CD5- DLBCL, the diagnoses of two patients (0.1%) were amended to CD5- blastoid variant MCL in the relapse phase based on morphology, cyclin D1 immunostaining, and fluorescence in situ hybridization. The incidence of CD5 negativity was similar between classical MCL and two aggressive variants. Accurate diagnosis of MCL variants was enabled by identifying a classical MCL component and/or CD5 positivity; however, we misdiagnosed two cases of CD5- blastoid variant MCL. A small number of MCL variants may be included in CD5- DLBCL cases. The diagnosis of CD5- aggressive variant MCL remains challenging but crucial because of its therapeutic significance.
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11
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Synchronous Occurrence of Splenic Pleomorphic Mantle Cell Lymphoma and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma with Overexpression of BCL1 Protein. Case Rep Oncol Med 2020; 2020:8888829. [PMID: 33425412 PMCID: PMC7772033 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8888829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Synchronous occurrences of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), or intermediate lymphocytic lymphoma, and other malignancies are rare. Such cases present diagnostic and especially therapeutic challenges, making them of particular interest to study. We report a case of synchronic MCL and an esophageal tumor in an elderly male patient. Morphologically, the tumors were classified as splenic pleomorphic MCL and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus occurring concurrently. The pleomorphic MCL mimicked diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) but lacked larger centroblast- or immunoblast-like cells. Curiously, both tumors overexpressed cyclin D1 by immunohistochemistry. This is an important feature that distinguishes MCL pathologically from two of its closest entities in the differential diagnosis: chronic lymphocytic leukemia and DLBCL, the latter of which mantle cells cannot transform into. The lymphoproliferation revealed IGH/CCND1 translocation by FISH, but the esophageal adenocarcinoma only showed CCND1 aneuploidy without break-apart signals. Since the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a common site of extranodal involvement by MCL and lymphomatous polyposis can present as GI polyps, adequate care was taken to differentiate the esophageal adenocarcinoma from advanced stagings of MCL, as well as metastatic adenocarcinoma. Despite numerous immunohistochemical stainings studied, only BCL1 was demonstrated to have partial overlap in both tumors. The patient underwent esophagectomy and splenectomy. A subsequent metastatic primary lung squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed, after which the patient expired. MCL typically presents at an advanced stage and has been deemed incurable with a prognosis of only several years. It is unclear whether the patient succumbed to complications of his MCL or the metastatic squamous cell carcinoma. Furthermore, he was lost to follow-up for a year and only received treatment after his third cancer was diagnosed. We have reviewed previous reports of synchronic mantle cell lymphoma and other solid tumors or hematological malignancies in the literature.
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12
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CCND1 Genomic Rearrangement as a Secondary Event in High Grade B-Cell Lymphoma. Hemasphere 2020; 5:e505. [PMID: 33324951 PMCID: PMC7732336 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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13
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Cortelazzo S, Ponzoni M, Ferreri AJM, Dreyling M. Mantle cell lymphoma. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020; 153:103038. [PMID: 32739830 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.103038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MCL is a well-characterized generally aggressive lymphoma with a poor prognosis. However, patients with a more indolent disease have been reported in whom the initiation of therapy can be delayed without any consequence for the survival. In 2017 the World Health Organization updated the classification of MCL describing two main subtypes with specific molecular characteristics and clinical features, classical and indolent leukaemic nonnodal MCL. Recent research results suggested an improving outcome of this neoplasm. The addition of rituximab to conventional chemotherapy has increased overall response rates, but it did not improve overall survival compared to chemotherapy alone. The use of intensive frontline therapies including rituximab and consolidation with autologous stem cell transplantation ameliorated response rate and prolonged progression-free survival in young fit patients, but any impact on survival remains to be proven. Furthermore, the optimal timing, cytoreductive regimen and conditioning regimen, and the clinical implications of achieving a disease remission even at molecular level remain to be elucidated. The development of targeted therapies as the consequence of better understanding of pathogenetic pathways in MCL might improve the outcome of conventional chemotherapy and spare the toxicity of intense therapy in most patients. Cases not eligible for intensive regimens, may be considered for less demanding therapies, such as the combination of rituximab either with CHOP or with purine analogues, or bendamustine. Allogeneic SCT can be an effective option for relapsed disease in patients who are fit enough and have a compatible donor. Maintenance rituximab may be considered after response to immunochemotherapy as the first-line strategy in a wide range of patients. Finally, since the optimal approach to the management of MCL is still evolving, it is critical that these patients are enrolled in clinical trials to identify the better treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maurilio Ponzoni
- Pathology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Unit of Lymphoid Malignancies, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrés J M Ferreri
- Unit of Lymphoid Malignancies, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Medical Oncology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Martin Dreyling
- Medizinische Klinik III der Universität München-Grosshadern, München, Germany
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14
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Complexities in the diagnosis of large B-cell lymphomas, classic Hodgkin lymphomas and overlapping peripheral T-cell lymphomas simplified: An evidence-based guide. Ann Diagn Pathol 2020; 46:151534. [PMID: 32473554 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2020.151534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of a large B-cell lymphoma and classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) is often straightforward. However, in select circumstances, these simple diagnoses can be quite complex. In part, diagnostic difficulty may be due to uncertainty in the evaluation of morphologic and immunophenotypic features along a biologic continuum, or alternatively arise from uncertainty in predicting the behavior and outcomes of patients. Here, we systematically discuss and review areas of diagnostic difficulty in the diagnosis of large B-cell lymphomas (LBCL), classic Hodgkin lymphomas (CHL) and peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL). We provide careful data-driven analyses and evidence-based approaches to help guide pathologists and clinicians. We discuss: 1) marginal zone lymphomas with increased large cells versus diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), 2) chronic lymphocytic leukemia with expanded proliferation centers versus diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), 3) chronic lymphocytic leukemia with Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg-like cells versus CHL arising from chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 4) complex cases of follicular lymphoma versus DLBCL, 5) PTCL with large B-cell proliferations versus PTCL with LBCL, 6) PTCL with Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg-like cells versus CHL, and finally 7) blastoid/pleomorphic mantle cell lymphoma versus DLBCL. Our evidence and data driven approach may serve as a useful diagnostic guide.
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15
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Lymphoid Neoplasms With Plasmablastic Differentiation: A Comprehensive Review and Diagnostic Approaches. Adv Anat Pathol 2020; 27:61-74. [PMID: 31725418 DOI: 10.1097/pap.0000000000000253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Plasmablastic neoplasms encompass several entities including plasmablastic lymphoma, plasmablastic plasmacytoma/multiple myeloma, primary effusion lymphoma and its extracavitary variant, anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive large B-cell lymphoma, and Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8)-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified. Morphologically, the tumor cells are large with eccentrically located nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and basophilic/amphophilic cytoplasm. Immunophenotypically, the tumor cells express plasma cell-related antigens including CD38, CD138, interferon regulatory factor-4 (IRF4)/MUM1, PR domain zinc finger protein-1 (PRDM1), and/or X-box binding protein-1 (XBP1), with frequent loss of CD20. These tumors are diagnostically challenging for general pathologists due to their overlapping morphology and immunophenotype, and due to their rarity, and particularly so when clinical and radiologic information is insufficient. We also discuss HHV8-negative effusion-based lymphoma due to its overlapping features with primary effusion lymphoma. In this review, we focus on the useful diagnostic markers and pertinent molecular findings in these distinct entities and propose a practical diagnostic algorithm using anaplastic lymphoma kinase, HHV8, in situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNA, immunoglobulin M, light chain stains, and clinicoradiologic criteria to avoid misdiagnosis. At the molecular level, MYC protein overexpression with or without MYC rearrangement and PRDM1-inactivating mutations or deletions are noted in a subset of such tumors, especially in plasmablastic lymphoma. Prognosis in these entities is dismal with conventional CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) chemotherapy. Therefore, novel target therapies, such as anti-CD30 agents, and/or immune blockade therapy, are potential treatment options in the future.
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16
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King JF, Lam JT. A Practical Approach to Diagnosis of B-Cell Lymphomas With Diffuse Large Cell Morphology. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2020; 144:160-167. [PMID: 31990228 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2019-0182-ra] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— Large B-cell lymphomas represent the most common non-Hodgkin lymphomas and often present as extranodal masses with advanced stage similar to metastatic tumors. Without proper intraoperative, microscopic, immunophenotypic, and cytogenetic evaluation they may be mistaken for other hematopoietic or even nonhematopoietic tumors. Also, diffuse large B-cell lymphomas often have clinical, morphologic, immunophenotypic, and cytogenetic clinical features that are similar to those of other less common B-cell lymphomas. Furthermore, classification of these neoplasms is continually becoming more refined. OBJECTIVE.— To provide a rational, methodic approach to the evaluation of large B-cell lymphomas for community practice pathologists who provide general pathology services. DATA SOURCES.— This review incorporates guidelines detailed in the 2017 update to the World Health Organization's Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues in addition to other recent peer-reviewed publications. CONCLUSIONS.— Many large B-cell neoplasms respond favorably to current treatments, but these cases also require accurate and timely diagnoses. We propose a process following a brief checklist that focuses on diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, the most common entity, and rules out other similar lymphomas in a stepwise fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy F King
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson. Dr King is now with the Department of Pathology, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center/Texas A&M College of Medicine Health Science Center, Temple
| | - John T Lam
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson. Dr King is now with the Department of Pathology, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center/Texas A&M College of Medicine Health Science Center, Temple
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Fuster C, Martín-Garcia D, Balagué O, Navarro A, Nadeu F, Costa D, Prieto M, Salaverria I, Espinet B, Rivas-Delgado A, Terol MJ, Giné E, Forcada P, Ashton-Key M, Puente XS, Swerdlow SH, Beà S, Campo E. Cryptic insertions of the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer region near CCND1 in t(11;14)-negative mantle cell lymphoma. Haematologica 2019; 105:e408-e411. [PMID: 31753927 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.237073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Fuster
- Hematopathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Martín-Garcia
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Balagué
- Hematopathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Navarro
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ferran Nadeu
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolors Costa
- Hematopathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miriam Prieto
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Itziar Salaverria
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca Espinet
- Laboratori de Citogenètica Molecular, Servei de Patologia, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain Grup de Recerca Translacional en Neoplàsies Hematològiques, Cancer Research Programme, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alfredo Rivas-Delgado
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Hematology Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria José Terol
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínico, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eva Giné
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Hematology Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Forcada
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Mutua Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Margaret Ashton-Key
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Southampton University Hospitals National Health Service Trust, UK
| | - Xose S Puente
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, IUOPA, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Steven H Swerdlow
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sílvia Beà
- Hematopathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain .,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elias Campo
- Hematopathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain .,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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18
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Lee W, Shin E, Kim BH, Kim H. Diagnostic accuracy of SOX11 immunohistochemistry in mantle cell lymphoma: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225096. [PMID: 31714947 PMCID: PMC6850764 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
SOX11 is a transcription factor that is normally expressed in the fetal brain and has also been detected in some malignant tumors, including mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). MCL is a mature B-cell lymphoma that characteristically expresses cyclin D1, which has been used as a diagnostic tumor marker. SOX11 has also recently emerged as a tumor marker for MCL, particularly in cyclin D1-negative MCLs and to distinguish between MCLs and other cyclin D1-positive lymphomas. In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of SOX11 immunohistochemistry for the diagnosis of MCL using a meta-analysis. A comprehensive literature search was performed using the PubMED, EMBASE, and Cochrane library through May 9, 2018. In total, 14 studies were included in our meta-analysis. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve calculated from the summary receiver operator characteristic were 0.9, 0.95, and 0.934, respectively. Effect sizes of log positive likelihood ratios, log negative likelihood ratios, and log diagnostic odds ratios were 2.67, -2.12, and 5.27, respectively. Statistically significant substantial heterogeneity was observed for specificity (I2 = 95%), but not for sensitivity. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were performed to explain the heterogeneity in specificity and showed that the proportions of Burkitt's lymphoma, lymphoblastic lymphoma, and hairy cell leukemia were significant covariates among studies using rabbit polyclonal antibodies. Overall, this meta-analysis showed that SOX11 was a useful diagnostic marker for MCL, with the clone MRQ-58 mouse monoclonal antibody showing particularly robust performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojoo Lee
- Department of Statistics, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Shin
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Hyung Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunchul Kim
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Lee W, Shin E, Kim BH, Kim H. Inconsistency associated with SOX11 immunohistochemistry in mantle cell lymphoma: a meta-analysis. J Hematop 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12308-019-00361-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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20
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Gao D, Liu Z. Cyclin D1 + large B-cell lymphoma with altered CCND1 and BCL-6 rearrangements: a diagnostic challenge. Biomark Res 2019; 7:11. [PMID: 31171971 PMCID: PMC6547582 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-019-0162-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A subset of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma may show aberrant cyclin D1 expression, which may be confused with blastoid mantle cell lymphoma. These cases usually lack of CCND1 gene rearrangement. Duplication of CCND1 gene was attributed to some of the cases with cyclin D1 expression. The mechanism of overexpression of CCND1 in other cases was not well documented. Case presentation We report a case of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with cyclin D1 expression. The underlying mechanism for cyclin D1 expression was due to an abnormal gene rearrangement involving BCL-6 and CCND1, which was different from most reported cases. Rare cases with similar genetic profile were reported and were classified as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Conclusion The phenotype and genetic abnormalities of DLBCL with cyclin D1 overexpression can be complex and may be difficult to differentiate from blastoid and pleomorphic variants of mantle cell lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Gao
- 1Department of hematology and oncology, The affiliated hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zach Liu
- 2Department of Pathology Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ USA
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21
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Yang Z, Jiang S, Lu C, Ji T, Yang W, Li T, Lv J, Hu W, Yang Y, Jin Z. SOX11: friend or foe in tumor prevention and carcinogenesis? Ther Adv Med Oncol 2019; 11:1758835919853449. [PMID: 31210798 PMCID: PMC6547177 DOI: 10.1177/1758835919853449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex-determining region Y-related high-mobility-group box transcription factor 11
(SOX11) is an essential member of the SOX transcription factors and has been
highlighted as an important regulator in embryogenesis. SOX11 studies have only
recently shifted focus from its role in embryogenesis and development to its
function in disease. In particular, the role of SOX11 in carcinogenesis has
become of major interest in the field. SOX11 expression is elevated in a wide
variety of tumors. In many cancers, dysfunctional expression of SOX11 has been
correlated with increased cancer cell survival, inhibited cell differentiation,
and tumor progression through the induction of metastasis and angiogenesis.
Nevertheless, in a limited number of malignancies, SOX11 has also been
identified to function as a tumor suppressor. Herein, we review the correlation
between the expression of SOX11 and tumor behaviors. We also summarize the
mechanisms underlying the regulation of SOX11 expression and activity in
pathological conditions. In particular, we focus on the pathological processes
of cancer targeted by SOX11 and discuss whether SOX11 is protective or
detrimental during tumor progression. Moreover, SOX11 is highlighted as a
clinical biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of various human cancer. The
information reviewed here should assist in future experimental designs and
emphasize the potential of SOX11 as a therapeutic target for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenxi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ting Ji
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenwen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianjun Lv
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenxiao Jin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
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Cyclin D1-positive Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma With Copy Number Gains of CCND1 Gene. Am J Surg Pathol 2019; 43:110-120. [DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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CCND2 and CCND3 hijack immunoglobulin light-chain enhancers in cyclin D1 - mantle cell lymphoma. Blood 2018; 133:940-951. [PMID: 30538135 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-07-862151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is characterized by the t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation resulting in overexpression of cyclin D1. However, a small subset of cyclin D1- MCL has been recognized, and approximately one-half of them harbor CCND2 translocations while the primary event in cyclin D1-/D2- MCL remains elusive. To identify other potential mechanisms driving MCL pathogenesis, we investigated 56 cyclin D1-/SOX11+ MCL by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), whole-genome/exome sequencing, and gene-expression and copy-number arrays. FISH with break-apart probes identified CCND2 rearrangements in 39 cases (70%) but not CCND3 rearrangements. We analyzed 3 of these negative cases by whole-genome/exome sequencing and identified IGK (n = 2) and IGL (n = 1) enhancer hijackings near CCND3 that were associated with cyclin D3 overexpression. By specific FISH probes, including the IGK enhancer region, we detected 10 additional cryptic IGK juxtapositions to CCND3 (6 cases) and CCND2 (4 cases) in MCL that overexpressed, respectively, these cyclins. A minor subset of 4 cyclin D1- MCL cases lacked cyclin D rearrangements and showed upregulation of CCNE1 and CCNE2. These cases had blastoid morphology, high genomic complexity, and CDKN2A and RB1 deletions. Both genomic and gene-expression profiles of cyclin D1- MCL cases were indistinguishable from cyclin D1+ MCL. In conclusion, virtually all cyclin D1- MCLs carry CCND2/CCND3 rearrangements with immunoglobulin genes, including a novel IGK/L enhancer hijacking mechanism. A subset of cyclin D1-/D2-/D3- MCL with aggressive features has cyclin E dysregulation. Specific FISH probes may allow the molecular identification and diagnosis of cyclin D1- MCL.
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McKay P, Leach M, Jackson B, Robinson S, Rule S. A British Society for haematology good practice paper on the diagnosis and investigation of patients with mantle cell lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2018; 182:63-70. [PMID: 29882587 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela McKay
- Department of Haematology; Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre; Gartnavel Hospital; Glasgow UK
| | - Mike Leach
- Department of Haematology; Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre; Gartnavel Hospital; Glasgow UK
| | - Bob Jackson
- Department of Pathology; Queen Elizabeth University Hospital; Glasgow UK
| | - Stephen Robinson
- Department of Haematology; University Hospitals Bristol; Bristol UK
| | - Simon Rule
- Department of Haematology; Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry; Plymouth UK
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Chuang SS, Chen SW, Chang ST, Kuo YT. Lymphoma in Taiwan: Review of 1347 neoplasms from a single institution according to the 2016 Revision of the World Health Organization Classification. J Formos Med Assoc 2017; 116:620-625. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Chuang WY, Chang H, Chang GJ, Wang TH, Chang YS, Wang TH, Yeh CJ, Ueng SH, Chien HP, Chang CY, Wan YL, Hsueh C. Pleomorphic mantle cell lymphoma morphologically mimicking diffuse large B cell lymphoma: common cyclin D1 negativity and a simple immunohistochemical algorithm to avoid the diagnostic pitfall. Histopathology 2017; 70:986-999. [DOI: 10.1111/his.13161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yu Chuang
- Department of Pathology; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Taoyuan Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences; College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan
- Center for Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Hung Chang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology; Department of Internal Medicine; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Gwo-Jyh Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences; College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hao Wang
- Genomic Medicine Research Core Laboratory; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sun Chang
- Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center and Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences; Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ju Yeh
- Department of Pathology; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Shir-Hwa Ueng
- Department of Pathology; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ping Chien
- Department of Pathology; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Yueh Chang
- Department of Pathology; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Yung-Liang Wan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Chuen Hsueh
- Department of Pathology; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Taoyuan Taiwan
- Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center and Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences; Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan
- Tissue Bank; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Taoyuan Taiwan
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Cho BB, Kelting SM, Gru AA, LeGallo RD, Pramoonjago P, Goldin TA, Heitz CT, Aguilera NS. Cyclin D1 expression and polysomy in lymphocyte-predominant cells of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma. Ann Diagn Pathol 2017; 26:10-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zamani-Ahmadmahmudi M, Aghasharif S, Ilbeigi K. Prognostic efficacy of the human B-cell lymphoma prognostic genes in predicting disease-free survival (DFS) in the canine counterpart. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:17. [PMID: 28069005 PMCID: PMC5223581 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0919-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Canine B-cell lymphoma is deemed an ideal model of human non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma where the lymphomas of both species share similar clinical features and biological behaviors. However there are some differences between tumor features in both species. In the current study, we sought to evaluate the prognostic efficacy of human B-cell lymphoma prognostic gene signatures in canine B-cell lymphoma. Methods The corresponding probe sets of 36 human B-cell lymphoma prognostic genes were retrieved from 2 canine B-cell lymphoma microarray datasets (GSE43664 and GSE39365) (76 samples), and prognostic probe sets were thereafter detected using the univariate and multivariate Cox proportional-hazard model and the Kaplan–Meier analysis. The two datasets were employed both as training sets and as external validation sets for each other. Results were confirmed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. Results In the univariate analysis, CCND1, CCND2, PAX5, CR2, LMO2, HLA-DQA1, P53, CD38, MYC-N, MYBL1, and BIRCS5 were associated with longer disease-free survival (DFS), while CD44, PLAU, and FN1 were allied to shorter DFS. However, the multivariate Cox proportional-hazard analysis confirmed CCND1 and BIRCS5 as prognostic genes for canine B-cell lymphoma. qRT-PCR used for verification of results indicated that expression level of CCND1 was significantly higher in B-cell lymphoma patients with the long DFS than ones with the short DFS, while expression level of BIRCS5 wasn’t significantly different between two groups. Conclusion Our results confirmed CCND1 as important gene that can be used as a potential predictor in this tumor type. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-016-0919-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Zamani-Ahmadmahmudi
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, P.O Box: 76169133, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Sina Aghasharif
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar Branch, Garmsar, Iran
| | - Keyhan Ilbeigi
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar Branch, Garmsar, Iran
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Jin Z, Qing K, Ouyang Y, Liu Z, Wang W, Li X, Xu Z, Li J. Low dose of lenalidmide and PI3K/mTOR inhibitor trigger synergistic cytoxicity in activated B cell-like subtype of diffuse large B cell lymphoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2016; 35:52. [PMID: 27009084 PMCID: PMC4806505 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0327-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Activated B cell-like subtype of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (ABC-DLBCL) presents aggressive clinical courses and poor prognosis. Targeting key pathways may raise the possibility of improving clinical outcomes. Methods The synergetic effects were assessed by CCK-8 assay and measured by isobologram analysis. The NVP-Bez235 and lenalidomide cytotoxicity were measured by flow cytometry, Western Blot and si-RNA transfection. The combined treatment inducing tumor regression in vivo was performed in nude mice of OCI-Ly10 xenograft mouse model. Results Low dose of two agents represented significant inhibition of proliferation with CI value < 1. NVP-Bez235 combined with lenalidomide remarkably increased apoptosis through intrinsic pathway by upregulating Bim, Bax and downregulating Bcl-xL. Akt, especially NF-κB, played an important role in the synergetic effects. Cotreatment also induced the cell cycle to be arrested in G0/G1 phase, and decreased S phase by increasing p21 expression, downregulating cyclinA and diminishing CDK2 phosphorylation in Su-DHL2 and OCI-Ly3 but not in OCI-Ly10. Mice treated with NVP-Bez235/lenalidomide represented obvious tumor growth regression and prolonged overall survival. Conclusions Our findings demonstrated the synergistic effect of low dose of NVP-Bez235 and lenalidomide in ABC-DLBCL, the underlying mechanism may be multifunctional, involving apoptosis, Akt and NF-κB inactivation and cell cycle arrest. Cotreatment was also effective in vivo. These data pave the way for potential treatment of ABC-DLBCL with combination of NVP-Bez235 and lenalidomide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Jin
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Qing
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Ouyang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenfang Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zizhen Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Junmin Li
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Kazlouskaya V, Spizuoco A, Junkins-Hopkins JM. Two cases of systemic mantle cell lymphoma involving the skin. Indian Dermatol Online J 2016; 7:49-52. [PMID: 26951614 PMCID: PMC4763582 DOI: 10.4103/2229-5178.174317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that rarely affects skin. Cutaneous involvement is non-specific but usually indicates widespread disease. Herein we present two cases of MCL with secondary skin involvement. One case presented as an acneiform eruption on the face and had aberrant expression of bcl-2 and bcl-6 with weak CD5 expression. The second presented with multiple tumors on the abdomen and thighs. In both cases expression of Cyclin-D1 by the tumor cells was seen. Both patients died shortly after the diagnosis was established.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy Spizuoco
- Ackerman Academy of Dermatopathology, New York, USA
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Zlamalikova L, Moulis M, Salek D, Jarkovsky J, Smarda J, Smardova J. Expression of D-type cyclins in mantle cell and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Oncol Rep 2016; 35:2673-80. [PMID: 26985765 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
D-type cyclins are involved in cell cycle regulation and play an important role in the pathogenesis of lymphomas. Aberrant expression of cyclin D1 is associated with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and serves as a diagnostic marker of MCL. Analysis of cyclin D expression in tumor tissues of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) which comprises a heterogeneous group of tumors may contribute to their stratification. We analyzed expression of cyclin D1, D2, and D3 mRNAs in 30 MCL and 104 DLBCL patients using qRT-PCR and addressed their significance for disease outcome. We confirmed a high level of cyclin D1 mRNA in 29 MCL cases (97%). One case (3%) was identified as positive for cyclin D2. Expression of cyclin D1 was limited to MCL and did not occur in DLBCL. Overexpression of cyclin D2, which is rare in MCL, occurred more frequently in DLBCL (11 cases, 10.6%). We showed that high expression of cyclin D2 in DLBCL cases de novo decreased the overall survival rate (P=0.016) and progression-free survival (P=0.009). The expression pattern of cyclin D3 was similar in both types of studied lymphomas and it did not affect the disease outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Zlamalikova
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Mojmir Moulis
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - David Salek
- Department of Hematooncology, University Hospital, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Jarkovsky
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Smarda
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Smardova
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Aberrant SOX11 promoter methylation is associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2015; 38:183-94. [PMID: 25801783 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-015-0219-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is the second most common cause of cancer mortality world-wide. In recent years, aberrant SOX11 expression has been observed in various solid and hematopoietic malignancies, including GC. In addition, it has been reported that SOX11 expression may serve as an independent prognostic factor for the survival of GC patients. Here, we assessed the SOX11 gene promoter methylation status in various GC cell lines and primary GC tissues, and evaluated its clinical significance. METHODS Five GC cell lines were used to assess SOX11 expression by qRT-PCR. The effect of SOX11 expression restoration after 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-dC) treatment on GC growth was evaluated in GC cell line MKN45. Subsequently, 89 paired GC-normal gastric tissues were evaluated for their SOX11 gene promoter methylation status using methylation-specific PCR (MSP), and 20 paired GC-normal gastric tissues were evaluated for their SOX11 expression in relation to SOX11 gene promoter methylation. GC patient survival was assessed by Kaplan-Meier analyses and a Cox proportional hazard model was employed for multivariate analyses. RESULTS Down-regulation of SOX11 mRNA expression was observed in both GC cell lines and primary GC tissues. MSP revealed hyper-methylation of the SOX11 gene promoter in 55.1% (49/89) of the primary GC tissues tested and in 7.9% (7/89) of its corresponding non-malignant tissues. The SOX11 gene promoter methylation status was found to be related to the depth of GC tumor invasion, Borrmann classification and GC differentiation status. Upon 5-Aza-dC treatment, SOX11 expression was found to be up-regulated in MKN45 cells, in conjunction with proliferation inhibition. SOX11 gene promoter hyper-methylation was found to be significantly associated with a poor prognosis and to serve as an independent marker for survival using multivariate Cox regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that aberrant SOX11 gene promoter methylation may underlie its down-regulation in GC. SOX11 gene promoter hyper-methylation may serve as a biomarker to predict the clinical outcome of GC.
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Al-Kawaaz M, Mathew S, Liu Y, Gomez ML, Chaviano F, Knowles DM, Orazi A, Tam W. Cyclin D1-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with IGH-CCND1 translocation and BCL6 rearrangement: a report of two cases. Am J Clin Pathol 2015; 143:288-99. [PMID: 25596256 DOI: 10.1309/ajcpuidw2cpta1ja] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To demonstrate and confirm the existence of cyclin D1-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with IGH-CCND1 rearrangement and discuss the rationale of differentiating this entity from blastoid and pleomorphic variants of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). METHODS Two cyclin D1-positive lymphomas with morphologic features of DLBCL and IGH-CCND1 translocations were characterized with respect to clinical features, as well as morphologic, immunophenotypic, cytogenetic, and molecular findings. RESULTS The large tumor cells were CD20+, CD5-, CD10-, BCL6+, MUM1+, and cyclin D1+ in both cases. SOX11 was negative. Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA in situ hybridization demonstrated diffuse positivity in case 1. BCL6 and IGH-CCND1 rearrangements were identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization in both cases. Specifically, the diagnosis of a relapsed DLBCL with acquisition of IGH-CCND1 was rendered for case 1, molecularly confirmed by the detection of identical monoclonal IGH rearrangements between the initial diagnostic DLBCL and relapse lymphoma. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates convincingly that IGH-CCND1 rearrangement leading to cyclin D1 overexpression can occur in DLBCL and pose a potential diagnostic pitfall, requiring thorough knowledge of the clinicopathologic findings to allow accurate discrimination from a blastoid or pleomorphic MCL. The coexistence of IGH-CCND1 and IGH-BCL6 rearrangements suggest that BCL6 and cyclin D1 may cooperate in the pathogenesis of DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Al-Kawaaz
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Susan Mathew
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Yifang Liu
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Maria L. Gomez
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Felicia Chaviano
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Daniel M. Knowles
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Attilio Orazi
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Wayne Tam
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
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Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) include any kind of lymphoma except Hodgkin's lymphoma. Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a B-cell NHL and it accounts for about 6% of all NHL cases. Its epidemiologic and clinical features, as well as biomarkers, can differ from those of other NHL subtypes. This article first provides a very brief description of MCL's epidemiology and clinical features. For etiology and prognosis separately, we review clinical, environmental, and molecular risk factors that have been suggested in the literature. Among a large number of potential risk factors, only a few have been independently validated, and their clinical utilization has been limited. More data need to be accumulated and effectively analyzed before clinically useful risk factors can be identified and used for prevention, diagnosis, prediction of prognosis path, and treatment selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- School of Statistics, Renmin University of China, 59 Zhongguancun Ave. Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Shuangge Ma
- School of Public Health, Yale University, 60 College ST, New Haven CT, 06520, USA
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Ok CY, Xu-Monette ZY, Tzankov A, O'Malley DP, Montes-Moreno S, Visco C, Møller MB, Dybkaer K, Orazi A, Zu Y, Bhagat G, Richards KL, Hsi ED, Han van Krieken J, Ponzoni M, Farnen JP, Piris MA, Winter JN, Medeiros LJ, Young KH. Prevalence and clinical implications of cyclin D1 expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) treated with immunochemotherapy: A report from the International DLBCL Rituximab-CHOP Consortium Program. Cancer 2014; 120:1818-29. [DOI: 10.1002/cncr.28664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Young Ok
- Department of Hematopathology; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston Texas
| | - Zijun Y. Xu-Monette
- Department of Hematopathology; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston Texas
| | - Alexandar Tzankov
- Department of Pathology; Basel University Hospital; Basel Switzerland
| | | | | | - Carlo Visco
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, San Bortolo Hospital; Vicenza Italy
| | | | - Karen Dybkaer
- Department of Clinical Medicine/Hematology; Aalborg University Hospital; Aalborg Denmark
| | - Attilio Orazi
- Department of Pathology; Weill Medical College of Cornell University; New York New York
| | - Youli Zu
- Department of Pathology; The Methodist Hospital; Houston Texas
| | - Govind Bhagat
- Department of Pathology; College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital; New York New York
| | - Kristy L. Richards
- Department of Medicine; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Eric D. Hsi
- Department of Clinical Pathology; The Cleveland Clinic; Cleveland Ohio
| | - J. Han van Krieken
- Department of Pathology; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center; Nijmegen the Netherlands
| | - Maurilio Ponzoni
- Department of Pathology; San Raffaele H. Scientific Institute; Milan Italy
| | - John P. Farnen
- Department of Hematology/Oncology; Gundersen Lutheran Health System; La Crosse Wisconsin
| | | | - Jane N. Winter
- Department of Hematology/Oncology; Feinberg School of Medicine; Northwestern University; Chicago Illinois
| | - L. Jeffrey Medeiros
- Department of Hematopathology; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston Texas
| | - Ken H. Young
- Department of Hematopathology; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston Texas
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Zhang LN, Cao X, Lu TX, Fan L, Wang L, Xu J, Zhang R, Zou ZJ, Wu JZ, Li JY, Xu W. Polyclonal antibody targeting SOX11 cannot differentiate mantle cell lymphoma from B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Am J Clin Pathol 2013; 140:795-800. [PMID: 24225745 DOI: 10.1309/ajcpebouj7gvyvlg] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether SOX11 is a diagnostic marker of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). METHODS We analyzed SOX11 expression in 349 B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (B-NHLs) via immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Nuclear staining of SOX11 was observed in 54 (93.1%) of 58 MCLs. We noticed that SOX11 protein was also expressed on the nuclei in 8 (21.6%) of 37 B-lymphoblastic lymphomas, 45 (32.6%) of 138 diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, 15 (44.1%) of 34 follicular lymphomas, 8 (30.8%) of 26 Burkitt lymphomas, 2 (10.0%) of 20 chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small cell lymphomas, and 3 (18.8%) of 16 marginal zone lymphomas. CONCLUSIONS Although the positive rate of SOX11 expression in MCL was significantly higher than other B-NHLs (P < .001), polyclonal antibody targeting SOX11 is not able to identify MCL from B-NHLs because the nuclear staining of SOX11 was widely positive in B-NHLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Zhang
- Departments of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Cao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ting-Xun Lu
- Departments of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Fan
- Departments of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Departments of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Ji Xu
- Departments of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Run Zhang
- Departments of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Zou
- Departments of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia-Zhu Wu
- Departments of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian-Yong Li
- Departments of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Departments of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
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Chan JKC. Newly Available Antibodies With Practical Applications in Surgical Pathology. Int J Surg Pathol 2013; 21:553-72. [PMID: 24225578 DOI: 10.1177/1066896913507601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Selected antibodies that have become available in recent years and have applications in diagnostic pathology are discussed. They include antibodies that are organ-related, provide information on cellular differentiation or histogenetic type, have predictive value in tumors, and highlight infective agents. PAX8 (paired box gene 8) is a marker expressed in the lower female genital tract, thyroid, and kidney and their tumors. Napsin A is expressed in the lung and kidney and is an alternative marker for pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Arginase A is a sensitive and specific marker for liver tumors. ERG (Ets-related gene) is an excellent marker for endothelium and vascular tumors as well as prostatic cancer (about 50% of cases). SOX10 (SRY-related HMG box) is expressed predominantly in melanocytic and Schwann cells and the corresponding tumors. DOG1 (discovered on GIST 1) is an excellent marker for gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) and acinic cell carcinoma. OCT3/4 is a pan–germ cell tumor marker, except yolk sac tumor. SALL4 is positive in various types of germ cell tumors, including yolk sac tumor. MUC4 (mucin-related antigen 4) is a sensitive and specific marker for low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma. Langerin is a specific marker for Langerhans cells and their tumors. SOX11 is a sensitive marker for mantle cell lymphoma. New generation antibodies against anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) are required to reliably demonstrate ALK gene translocation in pulmonary carcinomas. Lack of expression of succinate dehydrogenase B is seen in paragangliomas of the hereditary form and in the pediatric type of GIST. Antibodies against Trepenoma pallidum can facilitate the diagnosis of syphilis, whereas those against SV40 (simian virus 40) are helpful for diagnosis of BK virus infection and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.
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Lu TX, Li JY, Xu W. The role of SOX11 in mantle cell lymphoma. Leuk Res 2013; 37:1412-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2013.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Li ZM, Zucca E, Ghielmini M. Open questions in the management of mantle cell lymphoma. Cancer Treat Rev 2013; 39:602-9. [PMID: 23415066 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2012.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2012] [Revised: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is one of the lymphomas with the worse prognosis (median survival 3-5years) as it has an aggressive evolution and at the same time is incurable. Biologically it is characterized by the t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation leading to overexpression of cyclin D1. This review focuses on a number of controversial issues in the management of this disease, as how to stage patients with a disease which often has extranodal localizations, how to recognize the small subgroup of cases with an indolent course, which treatment is suggested for the young and fit or for the elderly, the role of CNS prophylaxis, rituximab maintenance and radiotherapy, the indications to allogeneic transplantation and the place of new active anti-lymphoma drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ming Li
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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Abstract
Aggressive B-cell lymphomas are diverse group of neoplasms that arise at different stages of B-cell development and by various mechanisms of neoplastic transformation. The aggressive B-cell lymphomas include many types, subtypes and variants of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), Burkitt lymphoma (BL), mantle cell lymphoma and its blastoid variant, and B lymphoblastic lymphoma. Differences in histology, cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities, as well as the relationship with the tumor microenvironment, help define characteristic signatures for these neoplasms, and in turn dictate potential therapeutic targets. Rather than survey the entire spectrum of aggressive B-cell lymphomas, this report aims to identify and characterize important clinically aggressive subtypes of DLBCL, and explore the relationship of DLBCL to BL and the gray zone between them (B-cell lymphoma unclassifiable with features intermediate between DLBCL and BL).
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CCND2 rearrangements are the most frequent genetic events in cyclin D1(-) mantle cell lymphoma. Blood 2012; 121:1394-402. [PMID: 23255553 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2012-08-452284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin D1(-) mantle cell lymphomas (MCLs) are not well characterized, in part because of the difficulties in their recognition. SOX11 has been identified recently as a reliable biomarker of MCL that is also expressed in the cyclin D1(-) variant. We investigated 40 lymphomas with MCL morphology and immunophenotype that were negative for cyclin D1 expression/t(11;14)(q13;q32) but positive for SOX11. These tumors presented clinically with generalized lymphadenopathy, advanced stage, and poor outcome (5-year overall survival, 48%). Chromosomal rearrangements of the CCND2 locus were detected in 55% of the cases, with an IG gene as partner in 18 of 22, in particular with light chains (10 IGK@ and 5 IGL@). No mutations in the phosphorylation motifs of CCND1, CCND2, or CCND3 were detected. The global genomic profile and the high complexity of the 32 cyclin D1(-) SOX11(+) MCL patients analyzed by copy number arrays were similar to the conventional cyclin D1/SOX11 MCL. 17p deletions and high Ki67 expression conferred a significantly worse outcome for the patients. This comprehensive characterization of a large series of cyclin D1(-) MCL patients indicates that these tumors are clinically and biologically similar to the conventional cyclin D1(+) MCL and provides a basis for the proper identification and clinical management of these patients.
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