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Teixeira TF, da Silva AMP, Coutinho TMDC, Marceliano EFV, Dos Santos Miranda ARL, Ferreira DDC, Provenzano JC, Marceliano-Alves MFV. Deciduous Molars Complexity Anatomy Reveled by Computed Microtomography. Eur J Dent 2023. [PMID: 37729937 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1772566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze the internal morphology of deciduous molars through the use of computed microtomography in a sample from Rio de Janeiro. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty maxillary and 30 mandibular deciduous molars (n = 60), divided in first and second primary molars, were scanned by computed microtomography. The teeth were evaluated for root number, root canals, Vertucci classification, root curvature, presence of lateral canals, furcation dentin thickness, structure model index (SMI), volume, and canal surface area. RESULTS The results showed 100% of maxillary molars had three roots and Vertucci type I canal was more prevalent in this group. In the mandibular ones, type IV was more frequent in the mesial root and class I in the distal root and the cavo-interradicular canal occurred in 2 specimens. Dentin thickness in the furcation region measured 1.53 and 1.59 mm in the maxillary and mandibular, respectively. Volume and area parameters varied according to the evaluated canals and SMI demonstrated that all canals had a cylindrical shape. CONCLUSION More detailed information about the internal anatomy of the primary molars has been described, which may help strategies in the preparation of these root canals.
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Brum ICS, Maia CA, Diniz MVT, Fernandes AM, Fernandes MLDMF. Agreement Between Working Length Measurements in Primary Teeth Obtained by Radiographs or Apical Locators. PESQUISA BRASILEIRA EM ODONTOPEDIATRIA E CLÍNICA INTEGRADA 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/pboci.2020.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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de Alencar NA, Oriano MD, Bolan M, Cardoso M. Is there any difference in length measurement methods for pulpectomies in primary teeth?-A double-blind, controlled clinical trial. Int J Paediatr Dent 2019; 29:712-719. [PMID: 31356705 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Working length is an important step in primary teeth pulpectomy. AIM To evaluate whether there is a significant difference in the accuracy of electronic apex locators compared to the conventional radiography in working length measurements. DESIGN Sixty-four children (192 canals) between 5 and 9 years of age with indication for pulpectomy of a primary molar were included after eligibility criteria. A radiographic measurement was obtained from pre-operative radiography from the cusp tip to the apex or resorption of the root. The electronic measurement was obtained from a complete measurement of the canal with an electronic device up to the apex. Data were analysed with Bland-Altman plots and Wilcoxon test. Statistical significance was set at P ≤ .05. RESULTS Statistically, there is not any significant difference between radiographic and electronic measurements for the palatal canal or distal canal, as well as mesiobuccal canals (P > .05). Statistically, there, however, is a significant difference between the measurements for the distobuccal canal and mesiolingual canal measurements (P < .05). High internal consistency for both radiographic and electronic methods was achieved (α ≅ 1). CONCLUSIONS Electronic and radiographic methods are similar in determining the length measurement of the root canals in primary teeth pulpectomies, except in distobuccal or mesiolingual canals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashalie Andrade de Alencar
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Marcela D'Avila Oriano
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Michele Bolan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Mariane Cardoso
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Adriano LZ, Barasuol JC, Cardoso M, Bolan M. In vitro comparison between apex locators, direct and radiographic techniques for determining the root canal length in primary teeth. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2019; 20:403-408. [DOI: 10.1007/s40368-018-00413-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mokhtari N, Shirazi AS, Ebrahimi M. A smart rotary technique versus conventional pulpectomy for primary teeth: A randomized controlled clinical study. J Clin Exp Dent 2018; 9:e1292-e1296. [PMID: 29302280 PMCID: PMC5741841 DOI: 10.4317/jced.53968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Techniques with adequate accuracy of working length determination along with shorter duration of treatment in pulpectomy procedure seems to be essential in pediatric dentistry. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy of root canal length measurement with Root ZX II apex locator and rotary system in pulpectomy of primary teeth. Material and Methods In this randomized control clinical trial complete pulpectomy was performed on 80 mandibular primary molars in 80, 4-6-year-old children. The study population was randomly divided into case and control groups. In control group conventional pulpectomy was performed and in the case group working length was determined by electronic apex locator Root ZXII and instrumented with Mtwo rotary files. Statistical evaluation was performed using Mann-Whitney and Chi-Square tests (P<0.05). Results There were no significant differences between electronic apex locator Root ZXII and conventional method in accuracy of root canal length determination. However significantly less time was needed for instrumenting with rotary files (P=0.000). Conclusions Considering the comparable results in accuracy of root canal length determination and the considerably shorter instrumentation time in Root ZXII apex locator and rotary system, it may be suggested for pulpectomy in primary molar teeth. Key words:Rotary technique, conventional technique, pulpectomy, primary teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alireza-Sarraf Shirazi
- Professor of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Dental Materials Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Ebrahimi
- Associate Professor of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Bhat KV, Shetty P, Anandakrishna L. A Comparative Evaluation of Accuracy of New-generation Electronic Apex Locator with Conventional Radiography to determine Working Length in Primary Teeth: An in vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017; 10:34-36. [PMID: 28377652 PMCID: PMC5360800 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a new-generation electronic apex locator (iPex) to determine working length in primary teeth with or without root resorption as compared with the conventional radiographic method. Materials and methods A sample of 30 primary posterior teeth which are indicated for pulpectomy were selected for the study. After obtaining the informed consent from the parents, local anesthesia was administered. Access cavity was prepared with no.10 round bur. Initial exploration of the canals was done with no.10 K-file. Pulp was extirpated with a barbed broach followed by thorough irrigation of the canals with 0.9% saline. Initially, working length was obtained with iPex (new-generation by Nakanishi International) apex locator using no.10 K-file, which was then compared with conventional radiographic method (Ingle’s method). Results A total of 65 canals were available for the measurement. The data were analyzed using Statistical Analysis system and t-tests were carried out. There was no statistically significant difference found when using iPex apex locator for working length determination as compared with that of conventional radiographic method (p = 0.511). Conclusion Working length determined by iPex apex locator is comparable with that of conventional radiographic method, hence, can be used as an alternative in determining the working length of primary teeth. How to cite this article Bhat KV, Shetty P, Anandakrishna L. A Comparative Evaluation of Accuracy of New-generation Electronic Apex Locator with Conventional Radiography to determine Working Length in Primary Teeth: An in vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(1):34-36.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Vidya Bhat
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Mathrushri Ramabai Ambedkar Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru Karnataka, India
| | - Prakashchandra Shetty
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Latha Anandakrishna
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Kim PJ, Kim HG, Cho BH. Evaluation of electrical impedance ratio measurements in accuracy of electronic apex locators. Restor Dent Endod 2015; 40:113-22. [PMID: 25984472 PMCID: PMC4432253 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2015.40.2.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this paper was evaluating the ratios of electrical impedance measurements reported in previous studies through a correlation analysis in order to explicit it as the contributing factor to the accuracy of electronic apex locator (EAL). Materials and Methods The literature regarding electrical property measurements of EALs was screened using Medline and Embase. All data acquired were plotted to identify correlations between impedance and log-scaled frequency. The accuracy of the impedance ratio method used to detect the apical constriction (APC) in most EALs was evaluated using linear ramp function fitting. Changes of impedance ratios for various frequencies were evaluated for a variety of file positions. Results Among the ten papers selected in the search process, the first-order equations between log-scaled frequency and impedance were in the negative direction. When the model for the ratios was assumed to be a linear ramp function, the ratio values decreased if the file went deeper and the average ratio values of the left and right horizontal zones were significantly different in 8 out of 9 studies. The APC was located within the interval of linear relation between the left and right horizontal zones of the linear ramp model. Conclusions Using the ratio method, the APC was located within a linear interval. Therefore, using the impedance ratio between electrical impedance measurements at different frequencies was a robust method for detection of the APC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pil-Jong Kim
- Biomedical Knowledge Engineering Laboratory, Seoul National University School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong-Gee Kim
- Biomedical Knowledge Engineering Laboratory, Seoul National University School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byeong-Hoon Cho
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Seoul National University School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
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Oznurhan F, Ünal M, Kapdan A, Ozturk C, Aksoy S. Clinical evaluation of apex locator and radiography in primary teeth. Int J Paediatr Dent 2015; 25:199-203. [PMID: 25073636 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of electronic apex locater and radiographic determination of root canal length in primary teeth. METHODOLOGY A total of 32 human primary molar teeth (96 roots) were selected. After endodontic access preparation, root canals were irrigated with physiological saline solution. The access cavities were dried with cotton pellets and, the roots were dried with paper points before performing the electronic measurement. The root canal length measurements were first taken with an apex locater (EndoMaster), and then, a size ♯ 15 K-file was inserted into the root canal, and radiography was taken to determine the working length measurements. The measurement data were recorded and compared by one-way anova and Kruskal-Wallis tests. P < 0.05 was accepted for the significance. RESULTS The mean values for radiography were 13.23 ± 1.92 mm and for EndoMaster were 13.08 ± 1.77 mm. The accuracy of EndoMaster was 80.2% in correct measurements ±1 mm (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The electronic apex locators could be useful in determining working length and thereby decreasing the need for radiographs and exposure to ionizing radiation in pediatric dental patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Oznurhan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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Ahmad IA, Pani SC. Accuracy of electronic apex locators in primary teeth: a meta-analysis. Int Endod J 2014; 48:298-307. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. A. Ahmad
- Restorative Dentistry Department; College of Dentistry; Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - S. C. Pani
- Preventive Dentistry Department; College of Dentistry; Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy; Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Not All Electronic Foramen Locators Are Accurate in Teeth with Enlarged Apical Foramina: An In Vitro Comparison of 5 Brands. J Endod 2014; 40:109-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Connert T, Hülber-J M, Godt A, Löst C, ElAyouti A. Accuracy of endodontic working length determination using cone beam computed tomography. Int Endod J 2013; 47:698-703. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Connert
- Division of Endodontology; Department of Conservative Dentistry; School of Dental Medicine; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - M. Hülber-J
- Division of Endodontology; Department of Conservative Dentistry; School of Dental Medicine; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - A. Godt
- Department of Oral Radiology; School of Dental Medicine; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - C. Löst
- Division of Endodontology; Department of Conservative Dentistry; School of Dental Medicine; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - A. ElAyouti
- Division of Endodontology; Department of Conservative Dentistry; School of Dental Medicine; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
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Silva EJNL, Herrera DR, Souza-Júnior EJ, Rosa TP. Evaluation of the multifrequency electronic apex locator Joypex 5 in primary teeth. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2013; 15:51-4. [DOI: 10.1007/s40368-013-0065-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Dandempally A, Muppa R, Duddu MK, Bhupatiraju P, Nallanchakrava S. Formulating a regression equation for determination of working length in primary molars using apex locators: a clinical study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2013; 14:369-74. [PMID: 23775591 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-013-0011-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Dandempally
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Dilsuknagar, Hyderabad, 500060, AP, India,
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Vasconcelos BCD, Bueno MDM, Luna-Cruz SM, Duarte MAH, Fernandes CADO. Accuracy of five electronic foramen locators with different operating systems: an ex vivo study. J Appl Oral Sci 2013; 21:132-7. [PMID: 23739852 PMCID: PMC3881880 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757201302188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate, ex vivo, the precision of five electronic root canal length measurement devices (ERCLMDs) with different operating systems: the Root ZX, Mini Apex Locator, Propex II, iPex, and RomiApex A-15, and the possible influence of the positioning of the instrument tips short of the apical foramen. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty-two mandibular bicuspids had their real canal lengths (RL) previously determined. Electronic measurements were performed 1.0 mm short of the apical foramen (-1.0), followed by measurements at the apical foramen (0.0). The data resulting from the comparison of the ERCLMD measurements and the RL were evaluated by the Wilcoxon and Friedman tests at a significance level of 5%. RESULTS Considering the measurements performed at 0.0 and -1.0, the precision rates for the ERCLMDs were: 73.5% and 47.1% (Root ZX), 73.5% and 55.9% (Mini Apex Locator), 67.6% and 41.1% (Propex II), 61.7% and 44.1% (iPex), and 79.4% and 44.1% (RomiApex A-15), respectively, considering ±0.5 mm of tolerance. Regarding the mean discrepancies, no differences were observed at 0.0; however, in the measurements at -1.0, the iPex, a multi-frequency ERCLMD, had significantly more discrepant readings short of the apical foramen than the other devices, except for the Propex II, which had intermediate results. When the ERCLMDs measurements at -1.0 were compared with those at 0.0, the Propex II, iPex and RomiApex A-15 presented significantly higher discrepancies in their readings. CONCLUSIONS Under the conditions of the present study, all the ERCLMDs provided acceptable measurements at the 0.0 position. However, at the -1.0 position, the ERCLMDs had a lower precision, with statistically significant differences for the Propex II, iPex, and RomiApex A-15.
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