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Alonso-Crisostomo L, Trendell J, Ferraresso M, Bailey S, Ward D, Scurlock ZGL, Wenlock SC, Bastos CAP, Jugdaohsingh R, Faria NJ, Enright AJ, Scarpini CG, Coleman N, Murray MJ. Testicular germ cell tumour cells release microRNA-containing extracellular vesicles that induce phenotypic and genotypic changes in cells of the tumour microenvironment. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:372-388. [PMID: 37632231 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Malignant germ-cell-tumours (GCTs) are characterised by microRNA (miRNA/miR-) dysregulation, with universal over-expression of miR-371~373 and miR-302/367 clusters regardless of patient age, tumour site, or subtype (seminoma/yolk-sac-tumour/embryonal carcinoma). These miRNAs are released into the bloodstream, presumed within extracellular-vesicles (EVs) and represent promising biomarkers. Here, we comprehensively examined the role of EVs, and their miRNA cargo, on (fibroblast/endothelial/macrophage) cells representative of the testicular GCT (TGCT) tumour microenvironment (TME). Small RNA next-generation-sequencing was performed on 34 samples, comprising representative malignant GCT cell lines/EVs and controls (testis fibroblast [Hs1.Tes] cell-line/EVs and testis/ovary samples). TME cells received TGCT co-culture, TGCT-derived EVs, and a miRNA overexpression system (miR-371a-OE) to assess functional relevance. TGCT cells secreted EVs into culture media. MiR-371~373 and miR-302/367 cluster miRNAs were overexpressed in all TGCT cells/subtypes compared with control cells and were highly abundant in TGCT-derived EVs, with miR-371a-3p/miR-371a-5p the most abundant. TGCT co-culture resulted in increased levels of miRNAs from the miR-371~373 and miR-302/367 clusters in TME (fibroblast) cells. Next, fluorescent labelling demonstrated TGCT-derived EVs were internalised by all TME (fibroblast/endothelial/macrophage) cells. TME (fibroblast/endothelial) cell treatment with EVs derived from different TGCT subtypes resulted in increased miR-371~373 and miR-302/367 miRNA levels, and other generic (eg, miR-205-5p/miR-148-3p) and subtype-specific (seminoma, eg, miR-203a-3p; yolk-sac-tumour, eg, miR-375-3p) miRNAs. MiR-371a-OE in TME cells resulted in increased collagen contraction (fibroblasts) and angiogenesis (endothelial cells), via direct mRNA downregulation and alteration of relevant pathways. TGCT cells communicate with nontumour stromal TME cells through release of EVs enriched in oncogenic miRNAs, potentially contributing to tumour progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shivani Bailey
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dawn Ward
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Carlos A P Bastos
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ravin Jugdaohsingh
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nuno J Faria
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anton J Enright
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Nicholas Coleman
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthew J Murray
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
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2
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Whiley PAF, Nathaniel B, Stanton PG, Hobbs RM, Loveland KL. Spermatogonial fate in mice with increased activin A bioactivity and testicular somatic cell tumours. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1237273. [PMID: 37564373 PMCID: PMC10409995 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1237273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult male fertility depends on spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) which undergo either self-renewal or differentiation in response to microenvironmental signals. Activin A acts on Sertoli and Leydig cells to regulate key aspects of testis development and function throughout life, including steroid production. Recognising that activin A levels are elevated in many pathophysiological conditions, this study investigates effects of this growth factor on the niche that determines spermatogonial fate. Although activin A can promote differentiation of isolated spermatogonia in vitro, its impacts on SSC and spermatogonial function in vivo are unknown. To assess this, we examined testes of Inha KO mice, which feature elevated activin A levels and bioactivity, and develop gonadal stromal cell tumours as adults. The GFRA1+ SSC-enriched population was more abundant and proliferative in Inha KO compared to wildtype controls, suggesting that chronic elevation of activin A promotes a niche which supports SSC self-renewal. Intriguingly, clusters of GFRA1+/EOMES+/LIN28A- cells, resembling a primitive SSC subset, were frequently observed in tubules adjacent to tumour regions. Transcriptional analyses of Inha KO tumours, tubules adjacent to tumours, and tubules distant from tumour regions revealed disrupted gene expression in each KO group increased in parallel with tumour proximity. Modest transcriptional changes were documented in Inha KO tubules with complete spermatogenesis. Importantly, tumours displaying upregulation of activin responsive genes were also enriched for factors that promote SSC self-renewal, including Gdnf, Igf1, and Fgf2, indicating the tumours generate a supportive microenvironment for SSCs. Tumour cells featured some characteristics of adult Sertoli cells but lacked consistent SOX9 expression and exhibited an enhanced steroidogenic phenotype, which could arise from maintenance or acquisition of a fetal cell identity or acquisition of another somatic phenotype. Tumour regions were also heavily infiltrated with endothelial, peritubular myoid and immune cells, which may contribute to adjacent SSC support. Our data show for the first time that chronically elevated activin A affects SSC fate in vivo. The discovery that testis stromal tumours in the Inha KO mouse create a microenvironment that supports SSC self-renewal but not differentiation offers a strategy for identifying pathways that improve spermatogonial propagation in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penny A. F. Whiley
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Benedict Nathaniel
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter G. Stanton
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Robin M. Hobbs
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Kate L. Loveland
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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3
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García-Caballero M, Torres-Vargas JA, Marrero AD, Martínez-Poveda B, Medina MÁ, Quesada AR. Angioprevention of Urologic Cancers by Plant-Derived Foods. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020256. [PMID: 35213989 PMCID: PMC8875200 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of cancer cases worldwide keeps growing unstoppably, despite the undeniable advances achieved by basic research and clinical practice. Urologic tumors, including some as prevalent as prostate, bladder or kidney tumors, are no exceptions to this rule. Moreover, the fact that many of these tumors are detected in early stages lengthens the duration of their treatment, with a significant increase in health care costs. In this scenario, prevention offers the most cost-effective long-term strategy for the global control of these diseases. Although specialized diets are not the only way to decrease the chances to develop cancer, epidemiological evidence support the role of certain plant-derived foods in the prevention of urologic cancer. In many cases, these plants are rich in antiangiogenic phytochemicals, which could be responsible for their protective or angiopreventive properties. Angiogenesis inhibition may contribute to slow down the progression of the tumor at very different stages and, for this reason, angiopreventive strategies could be implemented at different levels of chemoprevention, depending on the targeted population. In this review, epidemiological evidence supporting the role of certain plant-derived foods in urologic cancer prevention are presented, with particular emphasis on their content in bioactive phytochemicals that could be used in the angioprevention of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa García-Caballero
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Malaga, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (J.A.T.-V.); (A.D.M.); (B.M.-P.); (M.Á.M.)
- IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga), E-29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - José Antonio Torres-Vargas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Malaga, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (J.A.T.-V.); (A.D.M.); (B.M.-P.); (M.Á.M.)
- IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga), E-29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Ana Dácil Marrero
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Malaga, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (J.A.T.-V.); (A.D.M.); (B.M.-P.); (M.Á.M.)
- IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga), E-29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Beatriz Martínez-Poveda
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Malaga, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (J.A.T.-V.); (A.D.M.); (B.M.-P.); (M.Á.M.)
- IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga), E-29071 Malaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), E-28019 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Medina
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Malaga, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (J.A.T.-V.); (A.D.M.); (B.M.-P.); (M.Á.M.)
- IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga), E-29071 Malaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), E-29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Ana R. Quesada
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Malaga, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (J.A.T.-V.); (A.D.M.); (B.M.-P.); (M.Á.M.)
- IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga), E-29071 Malaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), E-29071 Malaga, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Svetlovska D, Miskovska V, Cholujova D, Gronesova P, Cingelova S, Chovanec M, Sycova-Mila Z, Obertova J, Palacka P, Rajec J, Kalavska K, Usakova V, Luha J, Ondrus D, Spanik S, Mardiak J, Mego M. Plasma Cytokines Correlated With Disease Characteristics, Progression-Free Survival, and Overall Survival in Testicular Germ-Cell Tumor Patients. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2017; 15:411-416.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2017.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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5
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Moreno-Ruiz P, Arluzea J, Silván U, Díez-Torre A, Andrade R, Bonilla Z, Díaz-Núñez M, Silió M, Aréchaga J. Testis peritubular myoid cells increase their motility and express matrix-metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) after interaction with embryonal carcinoma cells. Andrology 2015; 4:111-20. [PMID: 26711538 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Today cancer research studies have highlighted the role of the cancer-stroma interaction in the regulation of invasive processes. However, very little is known about cell-to-cell relationships between germinal cancer cells and the somatic ones belong to their close environment, particularly at early invasion stages. Here, we have studied the potential role of the seminiferous peritubular myoid cells (PTCs), as potential part of the reactive stroma, like tumor myofibroblast, in the progression of embryonal carcinoma (EC). To this end, we show results on the in vitro interactions between F9 murine embryonal carcinoma cells (EC cells) and primary cultures of murine PTCs, using contact-dependent and contact-independent 2D co-cultures. In these circumstances, when EC cells interact with PTCs they change their migratory behavior and matrix-metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) was up-regulated in PTCs. Additionally, among a variety of cytokines implicated in tumor-stroma cross-talk, we have examined in more detail the influence of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). In this regard, it was observed that this cytokine induced a MMP-9 secretion by PTCs in a pattern dependent on its concentration, whereas does not increase the migration capacity of cancer cells. All together, our results provide evidence for a role played by peritubular myoid cells and cancer-cell secreted TNF- α for a change in the tumor microenvironment during the early stages of EC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Moreno-Ruiz
- Laboratory of Stem Cell, Development and Cancer, Department of Cell Biology & Histology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - J Arluzea
- Laboratory of Stem Cell, Development and Cancer, Department of Cell Biology & Histology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain.,Analytical & High Resolution Biomedical Microscopy Core Facility, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - U Silván
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Biomechanics, Zürich, Switzerland.,Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A Díez-Torre
- Analytical & High Resolution Biomedical Microscopy Core Facility, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - R Andrade
- Analytical & High Resolution Biomedical Microscopy Core Facility, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Z Bonilla
- Laboratory of Stem Cell, Development and Cancer, Department of Cell Biology & Histology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - M Díaz-Núñez
- Laboratory of Stem Cell, Development and Cancer, Department of Cell Biology & Histology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - M Silió
- Laboratory of Stem Cell, Development and Cancer, Department of Cell Biology & Histology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - J Aréchaga
- Laboratory of Stem Cell, Development and Cancer, Department of Cell Biology & Histology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain.,Analytical & High Resolution Biomedical Microscopy Core Facility, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain
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6
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Vasculogenesis and angiogenesis in nonseminomatous testicular germ cell tumors. Urol Oncol 2015; 33:268.e17-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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7
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Masterson TA, Rice KR, Beck SDW. Current and future biologic markers for disease progression and relapse in testicular germ cell tumors: a review. Urol Oncol 2013; 32:261-71. [PMID: 24035725 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2013.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Testicular germ cell tumors represent a biologically unique disease process. These tumors are exquisitely sensitive to platinum-based chemotherapy, can be cured with surgical metastasectomy, and are known for the integration of biologic markers to stage and assign risk. Exploring further biologic markers that offer insight into the molecular mechanisms that contribute to disease biology is important. In this review, we attempt to summarize the utility of the current and some future biologic markers for disease monitoring and relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin R Rice
- Department of Urology, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Stephen D W Beck
- Department of Urology, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN
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8
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Low Frequency of HIF-1α Overexpression in Germ Cell Tumors of the Testis. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2013; 21:165-9. [DOI: 10.1097/pai.0b013e31825e00b7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Silván U, Aréchaga J. Anatomical basis for cell transplantation into mouse seminiferous tubules. Reproduction 2012; 144:385-92. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-12-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cell transplantation into the seminiferous tubules is a useful technique for the study of physiological and pathological conditions affecting the testis. However, the precise three-dimensional organization and, particularly, the complex connectivity of the seminiferous network have not yet been thoroughly characterized. To date, the technical approaches to address these issues have included manual dissection under the stereomicroscope, reconstruction of histological serial sections, and injection of contrast dyes, but all of them have yielded only partial information. Here, using an approach based on the microinjection of a self-polymerizing resin followed by chemical digestion of the surrounding soft tissues, we reveal fine details of the seminiferous tubule scaffold and its connections. These replicas of the testis seminiferous network were studied by scanning electron microscopy. The present results not only establish a morphological basis for more precise microinjection into the mouse seminiferous tubules but also enable a more profound investigation of physiological and embryological features of the testis.
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Milia-Argeiti E, Huet E, Labropoulou VT, Mourah S, Fenichel P, Karamanos NK, Menashi S, Theocharis AD. Imbalance of MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression versus TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 reflects increased invasiveness of human testicular germ cell tumours. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 35:835-844. [PMID: 22712465 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2012.01289.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The histological classification of testicular germ cell tumours (TGCTs) to seminoma or non-seminomatous germ cell tumours is at present the main criterion for the clinical outcome and selection of the treatment strategy. In view of the need to identify novel prognostic biomarkers for TGCTs, we investigated the expression of the matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 in testicular tumour tissues and cell lines of both seminoma and non-seminoma origin. Immunohistochemistry and zymography analysis of tumoural tissues showed significantly higher levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 compared with normal testis with the active forms detected only in the tumour tissues. Three cell lines representative of the different tumour types, JKT-1 seminoma, NCCIT teratocarcinoma and NTERA2/D1 embryonal carcinoma were also evaluated for their expression of these MMPs using qPCR and zymography and for their invasive properties. The more invasive non-seminomatous teratocarcinoma and embryonal cells expressed considerably more MMP-2 and MMP-9 compared with seminoma cells exhibiting lower invasiveness. Furthermore, an inverse relation was observed between invasiveness and the expression of endogenous inhibitors TIMP-1 and TIMP-2. The MMP inhibitor Marimastat inhibited invasion in all cell lines, the highest inhibition was observed in the more invasive NTERA2/D1 and NCCIT cells, which presented the highest ratio of MMP-2 and MMP-9 vs. TIMP-1 and TIMP-2. These results highlight the importance of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the invasiveness of testicular tumours and suggest that their levels, vs. those of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2, may represent potential biomarkers for testicular malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Milia-Argeiti
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Patras, Greece
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11
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Silván U, Díez-Torre A, Andrade R, Arluzea J, Silió M, Aréchaga J. Embryonic Stem Cell Transplantation into Seminiferous Tubules: A Model for the Study of Invasive Germ Cell Tumors of the Testis. Cell Transplant 2011; 20:637-42. [DOI: 10.3727/096368910x536581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last 15 years, cell transplantation into seminiferous tubules has become a valuable tool to study germinal cell biology and related matters. This is particularly so, because the blood–testis permeability barrier establishes a sealed compartment which protect against certain influences such as immunological rejection. In the light of the functional and genetic similarities between carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the testis and embryonic stem (ES) cells, our laboratory has developed a tumor assay to study cancer invasion processes in testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) based on the transplantation of ES cells into the seminiferous tubules. Here, we describe this new tumor assay and provide additional information regarding the transplantation techniques used and their application for the study of TGCTs. Finally, we discuss the practical implications of our experimental approach and its potential application for the understanding of TGCT invasive processes and the development of new antineoplastic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unai Silván
- Laboratory of Stem Cells, Development and Cancer, Department of Cell Biology and Histology and Analytical and High Resolution Biomedical Microscopy Core Facility, University of the Basque Country, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Alejandro Díez-Torre
- Laboratory of Stem Cells, Development and Cancer, Department of Cell Biology and Histology and Analytical and High Resolution Biomedical Microscopy Core Facility, University of the Basque Country, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Ricardo Andrade
- Laboratory of Stem Cells, Development and Cancer, Department of Cell Biology and Histology and Analytical and High Resolution Biomedical Microscopy Core Facility, University of the Basque Country, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Jon Arluzea
- Laboratory of Stem Cells, Development and Cancer, Department of Cell Biology and Histology and Analytical and High Resolution Biomedical Microscopy Core Facility, University of the Basque Country, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Margarita Silió
- Laboratory of Stem Cells, Development and Cancer, Department of Cell Biology and Histology and Analytical and High Resolution Biomedical Microscopy Core Facility, University of the Basque Country, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Juan Aréchaga
- Laboratory of Stem Cells, Development and Cancer, Department of Cell Biology and Histology and Analytical and High Resolution Biomedical Microscopy Core Facility, University of the Basque Country, Vizcaya, Spain
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Díez-Torre A, Silván U, Moreno P, Gumucio J, Aréchaga J. Peritubular myoid cell-derived factors and its potential role in the progression of testicular germ cell tumours. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 34:e252-64; discussion e264-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2011.01168.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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13
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Gilbert DC, Chandler I, Summersgill B, McIntyre A, Missiaglia E, Goddard NC, Huddart RA, Shipley J. Genomic gain and over expression of CCL2 correlate with vascular invasion in stage I non-seminomatous testicular germ-cell tumours. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 34:e114-21; discussion e121. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2011.01161.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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