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Sailian SD, Salifu Y, Preston N. Dignity enhanced through faith & family support in palliative care: a qualitative study. BMC Palliat Care 2024; 23:142. [PMID: 38849809 PMCID: PMC11157805 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-024-01478-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dignity is integral to palliative care. Illness can diminish it, causing hopelessness and the wish to hasten death. Yet, dignity is a complex multidimensional phenomenon, influenced by values and context. Understanding its varying interpretations can inform practice and policy. The aim of the study is to explore the understanding of dignity in adult patients with palliative care needs from a Lebanese perspective and how it is preserved during illness and while receiving health services. DESIGN Qualitative interview study underpinned with a social constructionist lens. Fourteen patients recruited from home-based hospice and outpatient clinics in Lebanon. Data analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS Four themes were developed across all the interviews: (a) Dignity anchored through faith in God and religious practices; (b) Family support in maintaining physical, psychological wellbeing, and social connectedness; (c) Physical fitness, mental acuity, and healthy appearance through which patients may escape the stigma of disease, (d) accessible, equitable, and compassionate healthcare. DISCUSSION Dignity is elusive and difficult to define but faith and religious beliefs play a significant contribution in this study. For the participants, illness is seen as a natural part of life that does not necessarily diminish dignity, but it is the illness related changes that potentially affect dignity. Findings show the importance of family and children in preserving dignity during illness and how their active presence provide a sense of pride and identity. Participants aspired to restore physical, social, and mental well-being to reclaim their dignity and normalize their lives. Challenges related to physical appearance, memory loss, vitality, and social stigma associated with illness diminished dignity. Accessible, equitable and compassionate healthcare services are also crucial in preserving dignity. Participants valued clear communication, respect, and empathy from healthcare providers and identified affordability of care essential for maintaining dignity. CONCLUSION Faith in God, and strong family ties are dominant elements to maintaining dignity in the Lebanese context. Relational connectedness with family, children or God is also a need in maintaining dignity in other communal countries with variations in emphasis. The study indicates that religious and cultural context shapes the needs and perceptions of dignity during illness. These findings are likely to be transferable to many Middle Eastern countries but also countries with strong religious and family ties globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silva Dakessian Sailian
- American University of Beirut, Hariri School of Nursing, Riad El Solh, PO Box: 11 0236, Beirut, 1107, 2020, Lebanon.
| | - Yakubu Salifu
- International Observatory on End-of-Life Care, Division of Health Research, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Sir John Fisher Drive, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, UK
| | - Nancy Preston
- International Observatory on End-of-Life Care, Division of Health Research, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Sir John Fisher Drive, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, UK
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Oda S, Kawakami A, Ashida K, Tanaka M. Death rattle: palliative nursing practices Delphi study. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2024:spcare-2024-004887. [PMID: 38565275 DOI: 10.1136/spcare-2024-004887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Interventions for patients with death rattle remain under consideration, and their families strongly acknowledge the need for improved care. However, few reports exist concerning specific and comprehensive nursing practices for them. This study aimed to clarify nursing practices for patients with death rattle and their families in hospital wards and examine each practice's importance. METHODS We used a modified Delphi method with expert nurses with extensive experience in end-of-life care. Participants were recruited using convenience and snowball sampling. First, we developed a list of nursing practices through a literature review and individual interviews. Second, we conducted the Delphi survey. Two rounds of judging were performed. Items were rated on a 9-point Likert scale (1=not important at all to 9=very important). An item was considered 'important' if at least 80% of the participants rated it ≥7. RESULTS The list comprised 40 items across 8 domains: assessment of death rattle and the distress felt by the patients, oral care, repositioning, adjustment of parenteral hydration, suctioning, administration of alleviating medications, communication with and assessment of family members who witness death rattle, and nurse's attitude towards death rattle and the relevant interventions. Of the 46 recruited experts, 42 participated in both rounds. Participants regarded 37 of the 40 items as important. CONCLUSIONS This study specifically and comprehensively identified nursing practices for patients with death rattle and their families using a modified Delphi method to support clinical nursing practice and improve the quality of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumika Oda
- Department of Adult Health Nursing, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Aki Kawakami
- Department of Adult Health Nursing, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Kaoru Ashida
- Department of Nursing, Kanto Gakuin University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Makoto Tanaka
- Department of Adult Health Nursing, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Japan
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Kim ES, Kim S, Kim K, Lee H. Psychometric properties of the Korean version of the Palliative Care Nursing Self-Competence scale for infant use. Aust Crit Care 2023; 36:1019-1024. [PMID: 36759272 DOI: 10.1016/j.aucc.2022.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the significant advances in neonatal treatment and care over the past 30 years, palliative care in the neonatal intensive care unit has not been fully provided in South Korea. Neonatal nurses are essential professionals in palliative care as they are directly involved in the care, but there is little information on their palliative care competency because no assessment instrument is available in Korea. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to develop and test the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the Palliative Care Nursing Self-Competence scale for neonatal palliative care. METHODS This scale for infant care was developed through parallel translation techniques and revised based on cognitive interviews. Survey data were then collected from 220 neonatal nurses who worked in 13 neonatal intensive care units in Korea. Internal consistency reliability, construct validity based on exploratory factor analysis, and criterion-related validity were tested. RESULTS The final version of the scale included 40 items in five domains that explained 53.4% of the variance. Criterion-related validity was confirmed based on a positive correlation with the Korean version of the attitudes towards neonatal palliative care measurement tool. The Cronbach's alpha for the scale was 0.95. CONCLUSIONS The Korean version of the Palliative Care Nursing Self-Competence scale for infant care has satisfactory construct validity and reliability to measure palliative care self-competence of neonatal nurses in Korea and evaluate an education program in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Sook Kim
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Samsung Medical Center, 06351, South Korea.
| | - Sujeong Kim
- Department of Family Health Nursing, College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, 06591, South Korea; Research Institute for Hospice/Palliative Care, The Catholic University of Korea, 06591, South Korea.
| | - Kyua Kim
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Severance Hospital Health Care System, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Hyejung Lee
- Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University Seoul, 03722, South Korea; College of Nursing, Yonsei University Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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Johnston B, Dowling M. Qualitative Research and Cancer Nursing: A Guide for Novice Researchers. Semin Oncol Nurs 2023; 39:151397. [PMID: 36813627 DOI: 10.1016/j.soncn.2023.151397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To introduce the cancer nurse to qualitative research. DATA SOURCES A search of published literature including articles and books was conducted to inform the article using University libraries (University of Galway and University of Glasgow) and CINAHL, Medline, and Google Scholar databases using broad terms, including qualitative research, qualitative methods, paradigm, qualitative, and cancer nursing. CONCLUSION It is important for cancer nurses wishing to read, critically appraise, or undertake qualitative research to understand the origins and different methods employed in qualitative research. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE The article is of relevance for cancer nurses globally who wish to read, critique, or undertake qualitative research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Johnston
- Clinical Professor of Nursing and Palliative Care, Director of Research School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Glasgow and Chief Nurse Research, NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde, Glasgow, Scotland.
| | - Maura Dowling
- Associate Professor of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Juvet TM, Bornet MA, Desbiens JF, Tapp D, Roos P. "Do Not Protect Us, Train Us."-Swiss Healthcare Students' Attitudes Toward Caring for Terminally Ill Patients. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2023; 86:1190-1211. [PMID: 33818156 PMCID: PMC9903000 DOI: 10.1177/00302228211007003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Positive attitudes and a sense of competence toward end-of-life care are the key to adequately support terminally ill patients. This qualitative study aims to explore healthcare students' attitudes toward caring for terminally ill patients. Eleven students from the University of Applied Health Sciences in Switzerland participated in focus groups. Attitudes were overall positive. Most participants felt that supporting dying patients was a way to achieve professional fulfillment. However, most students felt not competent in palliative care and lacking experience. They wanted to receive better training, more specifically in good practices and appropriate behaviors. Our study fills a knowledge gap regarding the opinions and pedagogical needs of healthcare students, and highlights the importance of experiencing end-of-life care during the educational process. We recommend early exposure to terminally ill patients and appropriate attitudes toward death and dying as part of the bachelor's curriculum, accompanied by benevolent guidance from teachers and health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Typhaine Maïko Juvet
- Haute Ecole Arc Santé (HE-Arc Santé), University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Marc-Antoine Bornet
- Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Diane Tapp
- Faculty of Nursing, Laval University (ULaval), Québec, Canada
| | - Pauline Roos
- Haute Ecole Arc Santé (HE-Arc Santé), University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Neuchâtel, Switzerland,Pauline Roos, Haute Ecole Arc Santé (HE-Arc Santé), University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Route de Moutier 14, 2800 Delémont, Switzerland.
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‘Playlist for Life’ at the end of life: a mixed-methods feasibility study of a personalised music listening intervention in the hospice setting. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2022; 8:32. [PMID: 35130985 PMCID: PMC8819936 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-022-00983-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Playlist for Life is a brief, inexpensive music listening intervention which originated in dementia care, but is increasingly being used for people at the end of life. However, there is a lack of robust empirical research on its application in the hospice setting. Our patient and public involvement group originated the idea for this study. The aim of this feasibility study was to inform the design of a larger effectiveness study on the use of Playlist for Life in the hospice setting.
Method
This study was a mixed-methods feasibility study involving adults at the end of life, family members and hospice staff from one in-patient hospice in Scotland. Eligible patient/family member dyads were approached by hospice staff and if interested, recruited by the researcher. All included participants received the intervention, which involved the provision of an MP3 player and assistance to set up a playlist. Participants were asked to listen to the playlist daily during the intervention period (7 days). Data were collected through patient reported outcome measures and on days 1, 3 and 7 of the intervention period and through participant observation session. Patient/family member dyads and hospice staff also took part in qualitative interviews (Appendix 1) post-intervention, which were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed thematically. Semi-structured interviews at the end of the intervention period were used to evaluate feasibility and acceptability. An advisory group including patients, family members and staff gave helpful feedback on the qualitative interview questions. Interview questions were the same for all participants and all the questions were asked to all participants.
Results
N = 15 participants were recruited (n = 5 patients, n = 5 family, n = 5 staff. The intervention was appraised positively, particularly regarding its beneficial effect on patient/family relationships. The study design was deemed feasible and acceptable.
Conclusion
The findings of this study will inform the development of a future randomised cluster trial designed to assess the usability and effectiveness of the Playlist for Life personalised music intervention.
Trial registration
This study was not registered as this was a small feasibility study, conducted prior to a pilot study not testing for effectiveness. In addition, the study was non-randomised. The study is registered with NHS ethics and the hospice research and governance team
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Development and Psychometric Evaluation of a New Short Version of the Swedish Frommelt Attitudes Toward Care of the Dying Scale. Cancer Nurs 2021; 44:305-313. [PMID: 32000177 DOI: 10.1097/ncc.0000000000000794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Frommelt Attitudes Toward Care of the Dying (FATCOD) is widely used as a measure of attitudes toward care of dying patients. However, poor factor structure and item redundancy have been reported across the literature. OBJECTIVE A short version of the questionnaire is needed, to facilitate effective assessments of the attitudes of those caring for dying patients. The purpose of this study was to develop a FATCOD-Short Form and to secure its psychometric properties. INTERVENTIONS/METHODS Data gathered from 1000 nurses in previous studies were pooled and reanalyzed. Principal components analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were utilized to assess the factor structure of the FATCOD-30. A Rasch model was used to evaluate the measurement functioning of the scale. RESULTS Of the original 30 items, 9 items of FATCOD were chosen for retention in the short form based on the principal components analysis, floor or ceiling effects, interitem correlations, and item-total correlation. All 9 items had good internal reliability. Both confirmatory factor analysis and Rasch analysis supported the unidimensionality of the FATCOD-Short Form. CONCLUSIONS The 9-item FATCOD-Short Form demonstrates evidence of acceptable validity and reliability to identify nurses' attitudes toward caring for dying persons because of its brevity and comprehensive content. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE When changing curricula in nursing education or implementing new procedures in nursing practice, it is important to have valid instruments to evaluate the results of the change. Such instruments should not be too lengthy or complicated. FATCOD-Short Form is a brief and valid instrument that can be easily used.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Thirty-five years ago, Benner defined an expert nurse as one who applies deep knowledge and experience across different contexts and clinical situations. Since that time, there has been little exploration of expertise in cancer nursing. OBJECTIVES To explore and describe characteristics of expert cancer nurses and to consider whether Benner's typology of an expert nurse remains relevant in today's complex oncology settings. METHODS An exploratory, descriptive study using audio-recorded focus group methodology was undertaken. Audio-recordings were transcribed, and an inductive thematic analysis approach applied to the data. Nurses also documented key characteristics of expert practice on Post-it notes to illustrate dominant characteristics. RESULTS Twenty-four registered nurses from a comprehensive cancer center in Australia took part in 1 of 3 focus groups. Seven key themes were identified: knowledge, leadership, adaptability, communication, motivation, patient-centered care, organization, and culture. Key word cloud characteristics included knowledge, compassion, motivation, experience, and communication. CONCLUSIONS Many of the expert characteristics identified in this study reflect traits common to other nursing specialty groups. Of particular relevance to cancer nurses was "adaptability," reflecting the complexity of contemporary cancer care and reaffirming Benner's definition of an expert nurse as one who can fluidly connect knowledge and experience to unfamiliar practice contexts. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Understanding characteristics of expert cancer nurses may help inform and support professional practice advancement and guide future research about select characteristics of expert cancer nurses to patient- and system-level outcomes.
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Cameron F, Janze A, Klarare A. Homecoming-Dignity Through Movement at the End of Life: A Qualitative Interview Study With Healthcare Professionals. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2021; 39:39-44. [PMID: 34002630 DOI: 10.1177/10499091211017876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To describe healthcare professionals' and volunteers' experiences of a pathway for movement on a hospice ward. METHOD This was a qualitative study with an inductive approach. Data were collected in a hospice setting through 4 focus group interviews with healthcare professionals and volunteers (n = 12). The focus group participants varied in age, profession, and length of experience in palliative care. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and analyzed with qualitative content analysis. RESULTS Dignity through movement at the end of life was the main theme, complemented by 4 sub-themes. Two descriptive sub-themes: "A practical tool to facilitate physical activity" and "Companionship and goals give meaning to the day," and 2 interpretative sub-themes: "Regaining control and having a choice" and "Feeling normal and alive" based on participants' views of patient experiences. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS Indications are that the pathway for movement addresses a wide range of experiences related to different aspects of being human in a difficult situation. Experiences of movement and physical activity can promote wellbeing, dignity, and a sense of feeling "at home" for patients within hospice care. The pathway for movement is simple to set up, offers access to appropriate physical activity and seems to benefit patients both in the early and later phases of palliative care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Cameron
- Ersta Sköndal Bräcke University College and Ersta Hospice Clinic, Palliative Research Centre, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Janze
- Ersta Sköndal Bräcke University College and Ersta Hospice Clinic, Palliative Research Centre, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Klarare
- Department of Health Care Sciences, Ersta Sköndal Bräcke University College, Palliative Research Centre, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Clinical Psychology in Healthcare, 8097Uppsala University, Sweden
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Ferri P, Di Lorenzo R, Stifani S, Morotti E, Vagnini M, Jiménez Herrera MF, Bonacaro A, Artioli G, Rubbi I, Palese A. Nursing student attitudes toward dying patient care: A European multicenter cross-sectional study. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2021; 92:e2021018. [PMID: 33855982 PMCID: PMC8138802 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v92is2.11403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background and aim of the work: Nursing education plays a key role in preparing future nurses to deal with dying patients, which represents one of the most emotionally involving aspect of nursing. The aims of the study were to explore nursing students’ attitudes towards care of dying patients in three different European contexts and to analyze the variables that can influence them. Methods: We conducted an international multicenter cross-sectional study. We administered the Frommelt Attitude Toward Care of the Dying Scale form B (FATCOD-B) and a demographic form to 569 students, enrolled in three Nursing Programmes in different countries (Italy, Spain and United Kingdom), who accepted to participate in the study. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 26.0. Results: Median total FATCOD-B scores indicated intermediate levels of students’ attitudes towards care for dying patients, with a statistically significant difference among the three student groups. The median total FATCOD-B scores did not statistically significantly change in students with different age, gender, year of study, religious beliefs, nursing education on palliative care, previous experiences of dying patient care and personal grieving. Conclusions: In our study, nursing students feel partially prepared in caring for dying patients and their attitudes do not change as the course of study progresses. No selected variables had an impact on students’ attitudes towards palliative care. Since nurses play a vital role in ensuring the quality of care, education on end-of-life care should be offered as a core part of undergraduate nursing programs. (www.actabiomedica.it)
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosaria Di Lorenzo
- Psychiatric Intensive Treatment Facility, Mental Health and Drug Abuse Department of AUSL-Modena.
| | - Serena Stifani
- Nursing Degree Course of Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia.
| | - Elena Morotti
- Nursing Degree Course of Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia.
| | | | | | - Antonio Bonacaro
- Department of Adult and Mental Health Nursing, Anglia Ruskin University.
| | | | - Ivan Rubbi
- Nursing Degree Course of Faenza, University of Bologna.
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Laporte P, Juvet T, Desbiens JF, Tapp D, Pasquier J, Bornet MA. Factors affecting attitudes towards caring for terminally ill patients among nursing students in Switzerland: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e037553. [PMID: 32948561 PMCID: PMC7500309 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Positive attitudes towards end-of-life care are essential among nursing students to adequately support terminally ill patients and enable students to feel confident about providing end-of-life care. This study aimed to determine nursing students' attitudes towards caring for terminally ill patients, as well as the associations between these attitudes and year of study, exposure to terminally ill people, self-perceived nursing skills and subjective impact of instruction. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING A health sciences school in Switzerland. PARTICIPANTS All preparatory students, first-year nursing students and third-year nursing students were invited to participate; 178 agreed to participate. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE Attitudes towards terminally ill patients were assessed using the Frommelt Attitudes Toward Care of the Dying Scale, Form B (FATCOD, Form B), as the primary outcome. Secondary measures were gender, age, year of study, number of terminally ill persons encountered, self-perceived palliative care nursing skills and subjective impact of instruction. RESULTS Mean FATCOD, Form B score was 117.7 (SD: 9.8, median: 118.0). Better attitudes towards terminally ill patients were significantly associated with being aged 24-26 years (β=6.97, 95% CI 2.00 to 11.95, p=0.006), year of study (β=3.47, 95% CI 1.69 to 5.25, p<0.001), professional encounters with terminally ill patients (β=3.59, 95% CI 2.23 to 4.95, p<0.001) and self-perceived palliative care nursing competence (β=1.23, 95% CI 0.41 to 2.04; p=0.003). In the multivariate analysis, professionally encountering terminally ill patients remained significant (β=3.00; 95% CI 1.43 to 4.57; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Nursing students' attitudes towards caring for terminally ill patients were positive and improved as their year of study progressed. Professional exposure to terminally ill patients was the strongest factor, followed by private encounters, self-perceived palliative care nursing skills, year of study and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Laporte
- Haute Ecole Arc Santé, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Neuchâtel & Delémont, Switzerland
| | - Typhaine Juvet
- Haute Ecole Arc Santé, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Neuchâtel & Delémont, Switzerland
| | | | - Diane Tapp
- Faculty of Nursing, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Jérôme Pasquier
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marc-Antoine Bornet
- Service of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Hökkä M, Martins Pereira S, Pölkki T, Kyngäs H, Hernández-Marrero P. Nursing competencies across different levels of palliative care provision: A systematic integrative review with thematic synthesis. Palliat Med 2020; 34:851-870. [PMID: 32452294 DOI: 10.1177/0269216320918798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Palliative care exists in diverse healthcare settings. Nurses play a crucial role in its provision. Different levels of palliative care provision and education have been recognized in the literature. Therefore, nurses need a set of various competencies to provide high-quality palliative care. AIMS To systematically synthesize the empirical evidence of (1) nursing competencies needed in palliative care and (2) whether these competencies differ across the level of palliative care. DESIGN Systematic integrative review with thematic synthesis. Prospero: CRD42018114869. DATA SOURCES CINAHL, PubMed, Academic Search Premier, Scopus and Medic databases. Studies on nursing competencies linked to palliative care reported in English, Swedish, Finnish, Spanish, Portuguese or German were considered. Search terms: 'palliative care or hospice care or end-of-life care', 'competency or professional competence or skills' and 'nursing'. Articles were independently screened and reviewed by two researchers. Quality appraisal was conducted following Hawker's criteria. RESULTS A total of 7454 articles were retrieved, 21 articles were included in the analysis. Six diverse nursing competencies dimensions, namely leadership, communication, collaboration, clinical, ethico-legal and psycho-social and spiritual were identified. The reports rarely defined the level of palliative care and covered a wide array of healthcare settings. CONCLUSION Nurses need a wide range of competencies to provide quality palliative care. Few studies focused on which competencies are relevant to a specific level of palliative care. Further research is needed to systematize the nursing competencies and define which nursing competencies are central for different levels of palliative care to enhance palliative care development, education and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna Hökkä
- Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, Medical Department, Oulu University, Oulu, Finland.,School of Health, Kajaani University of Applied Sciences, Kajaani, Finland
| | - Sandra Martins Pereira
- CEGE - Research Center in Management and Economics, Católica Porto Business School, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Bioética, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal.,UNESCO Chair in Bioethics, Institute of Bioethics, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tarja Pölkki
- Department of Children and Women, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Helvi Kyngäs
- Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, Medical Department, Oulu University, Oulu, Finland
| | - Pablo Hernández-Marrero
- CEGE - Research Center in Management and Economics, Católica Porto Business School, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Bioética, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal.,UNESCO Chair in Bioethics, Institute of Bioethics, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
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Death Attitudes, Palliative Care Self-efficacy, and Attitudes Toward Care of the Dying Among Hospice Nurses. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2020; 28:295-300. [DOI: 10.1007/s10880-020-09714-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Lovell N, Etkind SN, Bajwah S, Maddocks M, Higginson IJ. What influenced people with chronic or refractory breathlessness and advanced disease to take part and remain in a drug trial? A qualitative study. Trials 2020; 21:215. [PMID: 32087745 PMCID: PMC7036259 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-020-4129-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recruitment and retention in clinical trials remains an important challenge, particularly in the context of advanced disease. It is important to understand what affects retention to improve trial quality, minimise attrition and reduce missing data. We conducted a qualitative study embedded within a randomised feasibility trial and explored what influenced people to take part and remain in the trial. METHODS We conducted a qualitative study embedded within a double-blind randomised trial (BETTER-B[Feasibility]: BETter TreatmEnts for Refractory Breathlessness) designed using a person-centred approach. Participants with cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), interstitial lung disease (ILD), or chronic heart failure (CHF), with a modified Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale grade of 3/4 were recruited from three UK sites. A convenience subsample completed qualitative interviews after the trial. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. Results were considered in relation to the core elements of person-centred care and our model of the person-centred trial. RESULTS In the feasibility trial 409 people were screened for eligibility, and 64 were randomised. No participant was lost to follow-up. Twenty-two participants took part in a qualitative interview. Eleven had a diagnosis of COPD, 8 ILD, 2 CHF and 1 lung cancer. The participants' median age was 71 years (range 56-84). Sixteen were male. Twenty had completed the trial, and two withdrew due to adverse effects. The relationship between patient and professional, potential for benefit, trial processes and the intervention all influenced the decision to participate in the trial. The relationship with the research team and continuity, perceived benefit, and aspects relating to trial processes and the intervention influenced the decision to remain in the trial. CONCLUSIONS In this feasibility trial recruitment targets were met, attrition levels were low, and aspects of the person-centred approach were viewed positively by trial participants. Prioritisation of the relationship between the patient and professional; person-centred processes, including home visits, assistance with questionnaires, and involvement of the carer; and enabling people to participate by having processes in line with individual capabilities appear to support recruitment and retention in clinical trials in advanced disease. We recommend the integration of a person-centred approach in all clinical trials. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN Registry, ISRCTN32236160. Registered on 13 June 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Lovell
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cCicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, King’s College London, Bessemer Road, London, SE5 9PJ UK
| | - S. N. Etkind
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cCicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, King’s College London, Bessemer Road, London, SE5 9PJ UK
| | - S. Bajwah
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cCicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, King’s College London, Bessemer Road, London, SE5 9PJ UK
| | - M. Maddocks
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cCicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, King’s College London, Bessemer Road, London, SE5 9PJ UK
| | - I. J. Higginson
- 0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cCicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, King’s College London, Bessemer Road, London, SE5 9PJ UK
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Phillips
- Improving Palliative, Aged and Chronic Care through Clinical Research and Translation (IMPACCT), Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, Australia
| | - Bridget Johnston
- School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, and NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sonja McIlfatrick
- School of Nursing, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland
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Mohammed S, Savage P, Kevork N, Swami N, Rodin G, Zimmermann C. "I'm going to push this door open. You can close it": A qualitative study of the brokering work of oncology clinic nurses in introducing early palliative care. Palliat Med 2020; 34:209-218. [PMID: 31659940 DOI: 10.1177/0269216319883980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early palliative care improves quality of life during life-prolonging treatment for patients with cancer, but the role of nurses in facilitating the early involvement of palliative care is unclear. AIM To conceptualize the psychosocial processes involved in the introduction and provision of palliative care by oncology nurses. DESIGN A constructivist qualitative grounded theory study was conducted. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS A total of 20 nurses (6 staff nurses, 10 nurse practitioners, and 4 advanced practice nurses) completed semi-structured interviews. Participants were from multiple ambulatory care oncology clinics (i.e. breast, pancreatic, hematology) in a comprehensive cancer center. RESULTS The core category, brokering palliative care, represented the overarching concept of the study that linked other subcategories. The other subcategories were as follows: opening the door-creating the possibility of discussing early palliative care at a time when patients show signs of being receptive to this discussion; building trust-establishing relationships with patients as a starting point for open discussions about palliative care; tackling misconceptions-addressing patients' assumptions about palliative care as signifying death; and advocating with oncologists-seeding the process of referral by bringing patients' concerns forward. CONCLUSION Oncology nurses play a central role in "brokering" the introduction of early palliative care; this process is supported by their relational proximity to patients and their location "in between" the patient and the oncologist. Training all nurses in palliative care and empowering them to have proactive discussions in a collaborative practice context would allow greater access to early palliative care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Mohammed
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pamela Savage
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nanor Kevork
- Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nadia Swami
- Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gary Rodin
- Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Camilla Zimmermann
- Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Divisions of Palliative Medicine and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Experience of nurses who work with children with palliative care needs: A mixed-method systematic review. Palliat Support Care 2019; 18:473-485. [PMID: 31774390 DOI: 10.1017/s1478951519000956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The importance of palliative care education for nurses has been recognized worldwide. The study aims to explore the experiences of nurses working with children with palliative care needs and to identify any related educational needs. METHODS The electronic databases of CINAHL, Cochrane, PubMed, OVID, Social Care Online, Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest were searched for the period 2000-2015. RESULTS Finding revealed that working with children with palliative care needs is an emotionally struggling job for nurses, especially when they try to manage the transition of pediatric patients from curative to palliative care. Staffing level and time constraints comprise a major obstacle in pediatric palliative care. Focusing on invasive treatment and technology in spite of the feelings that it will not improve patients' health status intensifies the feeling of guilt and helplessness for nurses. Finally, nurses asserted the importance of receiving pediatric palliative care education, especially how to communicate with children with palliative care needs and their families. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS Further research is recommended with regard to nurses' experience in communication with children with palliative care needs. Nursing education in pediatric palliative care is significantly important, especially how to communicate with children with palliative care needs and their families.
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Kurnia TA, Trisyani Y, Prawesti A. Factors Associated with Nurses’ Self-Efficacy in Applying Palliative Care in Intensive Care Unit. JURNAL NERS 2019. [DOI: 10.20473/jn.v13i2.9986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The increasing need for palliative care (PC) in the intensive care unit (ICU) is characterised by an increasing number of patients with critical and terminals conditions. It requires comprehensive treatment of nurses, through PC. Self-efficacy is a major predictor that affects the application of PC in ICU. Therefore, nurses need to have high self-efficacy to provide quality PC for patients and their families. This study aimed to analyse the factors that dominant relates to nurses' self-efficacy in implementing of providing PC in ICU.Methods: This research was correlational research with cross-sectional survey design. The sampling technique used was total sampling, which involved 127 critical nurses who were actively working at a general hospital in Bandung, Indonesia. Data were collected using questionnaires. Bivariate analysis using Pearson correlation and Rank-Spearman test and multivariate analysis using linear regression.Results: The results showed that the majority of respondents had high self-efficacy, working experience >15 years, enough interest to the nursing profession had less knowledge and negative perception related to the PC in ICU. There was a significant relationship between self-efficacy with work experience, nurses' interest in the nursing profession, knowledge and perception variables. The most dominant factors related to self-efficacy, namely knowledge and perceptions of nurses related to PC.Conclusion: This study indicates that majority of the respondents lacked knowledge and had negative perceptions related to PC in ICU, it is necessary to socialise and training related to it by focusing on self-belief or self-efficacy of nurses on their ability.
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Lian Z, Skytt B, Li C, Engström M. Nursing students’ reflections on caring for end-of-life patients in a youth volunteer association. Nurse Educ Pract 2019; 34:204-209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Ward-Griffin C, McWilliam C, Oudshoorn A. Negotiating Relational Practice Patterns in Palliative Home Care. J Palliat Care 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/082585971202800206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Providing palliative care in the home presents a variety of challenges for nurses and other care providers. As part of a focused ethnographic study examining client/caregiver/care-provider relationships within the socio-cultural context of home-based palliative care, this paper describes the provision of palliative care to Canadian seniors with advanced cancer from the perspective of nurses. Data were collected through in-depth interviews (n=19) with three palliative care nurses and participant observations in four households over a six-to-eight-month period. Home-based palliative care nursing was depicted in this study as a dialectical experience, revealing three relational practice patterns: making time-forfeiting time, connecting-withdrawing, and enabling-disabling. Nurses attempted to negotiate the tensions between these opposing approaches to palliative care. Study findings suggest that the socio-cultural context of palliative care is not conducive to high-quality palliative care and provide several insights related to future directions for practice, policy, and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Ward-Griffin
- C Ward-Griffin (corresponding author): Faculty of Health Sciences, Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Carol McWilliam
- C McWilliam, A Oudshoorn: Faculty of Health Sciences, Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Abram Oudshoorn
- C McWilliam, A Oudshoorn: Faculty of Health Sciences, Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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Hosseini FA, Momennasab M, Yektatalab S, Zareiyan A. Presence: the cornerstone of spiritual needs among hospitalised patients. Scand J Caring Sci 2018; 33:67-76. [DOI: 10.1111/scs.12602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Alsadat Hosseini
- Students Research Committee Department of Nursing School of Nursing and Midwifery Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Marzieh Momennasab
- Department of Nursing School of Nursing and Midwifery Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Shahrzad Yektatalab
- Department of Nursing Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Armin Zareiyan
- Public Health Nursing Department AJA University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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22
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Choi J, Kong K, Chang Y, Jho H, Ahn E, Choi S, Park S, Lee M. Effect of the duration of hospice and palliative care on the quality of dying and death in patients with terminal cancer: A nationwide multicentre study. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2017; 27:e12771. [DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J.Y. Choi
- Hospice & Palliative Care Branch; National Cancer Control Institute; National Cancer Center; Goyang South Korea
| | - K.A. Kong
- Department of Preventive Medicine; College of Medicine; Ewha Womans University; Seoul South Korea
| | - Y.J. Chang
- Hospice & Palliative Care Branch; National Cancer Control Institute; National Cancer Center; Goyang South Korea
| | - H.J. Jho
- Hospice & Palliative Care Branch; National Cancer Control Institute; National Cancer Center; Goyang South Korea
| | - E.M. Ahn
- Hospice & Palliative Care Branch; National Cancer Control Institute; National Cancer Center; Goyang South Korea
| | - S.K. Choi
- Hospice & Palliative Care Branch; National Cancer Control Institute; National Cancer Center; Goyang South Korea
| | - S. Park
- Hospice & Palliative Care Branch; National Cancer Control Institute; National Cancer Center; Goyang South Korea
| | - M.K. Lee
- College of Nursing; Research Institute of Nursing Science; Kyungpook National University; Daegu South Korea
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23
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Henoch I, Melin-Johansson C, Bergh I, Strang S, Ek K, Hammarlund K, Lundh Hagelin C, Westin L, Österlind J, Browall M. Undergraduate nursing students' attitudes and preparedness toward caring for dying persons – A longitudinal study. Nurse Educ Pract 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Paans W, Robbe P, Wijkamp I, Wolfensberger MVC. What establishes an excellent nurse? A focus group and Delphi panel approach. BMC Nurs 2017; 16:45. [PMID: 28811747 PMCID: PMC5553753 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-017-0239-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the past few years, the complexity of the health care system in which nurses are required to practice has increased considerably, magnifying the need for excellent professionals with a specific set of knowledge, skills and attitudes. However, the characteristics that distinguish an excellent nurse have not yet been clarified. The aim of this study was to determine nurses' perspectives regarding characteristics associated with an excellent nurse in order to elicit a conceptual profile. METHOD A focus group design followed by Delphi panel content validation was utilized. Information regarding nurses' perspectives was derived from six focus group discussions comprising 19 nurses involved in hospital practice and 24 nurses with experience in mental health care. The analysis of the focus group discussions resulted in nine domains whereby content validity was achieved with contributions from a Delphi panel survey with 26 professionals. RESULTS As determined by the survey, a combination of these specified aspects characterize an excellent nurse: analytical, communicative, cooperative, coordinating, disseminates knowledge, empathic, evidence-driven, innovative and introspective. CONCLUSION Determining what establishes an excellent nurse according to experienced nurses is valuable as this information can influence the broadening curriculum for educating future nurses to meet the needs in the professional field, contributing to the quality of care. This conceptual profile can be used as a reference guide for supervisors and professionals to personally improve their clinical practice as well as for education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolter Paans
- Research Group Nursing Diagnostics, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Patricia Robbe
- Research center for talent development in higher education and society, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Inge Wijkamp
- School of Health care Studies, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marca V. C. Wolfensberger
- Research center for talent development in higher education and society, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
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25
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Sekse RJT, Hunskår I, Ellingsen S. The nurse's role in palliative care: A qualitative meta-synthesis. J Clin Nurs 2017; 27:e21-e38. [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ragnhild Johanne Tveit Sekse
- VID Specialized University; Faculty of Health Studies; Bergen Norway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Science; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - Irene Hunskår
- VID Specialized University; Faculty of Health Studies; Bergen Norway
| | - Sidsel Ellingsen
- VID Specialized University; Faculty of Health Studies; Bergen Norway
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26
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Implementing and Evaluating the COMFORT Communication in Palliative Care Curriculum for Oncology Nurses. J Hosp Palliat Nurs 2017. [DOI: 10.1097/njh.0000000000000320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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27
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Johnston B, Papadopoulou C, Östlund U, Hunter K, Andrew J, Buchanan D. What’s Dignity Got To Do With It? Patient Experience of the Dignity Care Intervention. SAGE Open Nurs 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/2377960817699839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Johnston
- School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow and NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, Scotland
| | | | - Ulrika Östlund
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, Sweden
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Randall D, Rosenberg JP, Reimer S. Solid and liquid modernity: A comparison of the social geography of places to die in the UK and Australia. DEATH STUDIES 2017; 41:103-111. [PMID: 27685542 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2016.1225858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Preferred place of care and death is a widely used quality measure for palliative and end of life care services. In this article we explore the use of Zygmunt Bauman's ideas on solid and liquid modernity to understand the complexity of the social geographical contexts of delivering and receiving care. Although solid ways of dying offer certainty and standardized care, more liquid ways allow for individualized care connected to family and communities. Understanding the complex tensions between solid and liquid aspects of palliative care may allow practitioners to help dying people to die in the ways and places they prefer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan Randall
- a Health Sciences , University of Southampton , Southampton , UK
| | - John P Rosenberg
- b Faculty of Health , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Suzanne Reimer
- c Geography and Environment , University of Southampton , Southampton , UK
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Fan SY, Lin IM, Hsieh JG, Chang CJ. Psychosocial Care Provided by Physicians and Nurses in Palliative Care: A Mixed Methods Study. J Pain Symptom Manage 2017; 53:216-223. [PMID: 27756622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2016.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Psychosocial care is an important component of palliative care, which is also provided by physicians and nurses. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of physicians and nurses in palliative care regarding the process of psychosocial care, the difficulties, and the support needs from "psychosocial care professionals." METHODS A two-phase mixed methods study was conducted. In the first phase, 16 physicians and nurses with palliative care experience were recruited. A semi-structured interview was used to collect data about their experience of providing psychosocial care, and these were analyzed using thematic analysis. In the second phase, 88 physicians and nurses completed an online survey that was developed from the qualitative results. RESULTS Qualitative results revealed three themes: 1) the contents of psychosocial care included not only disease-related events but also emotional and family support, 2) providing psychosocial care was a dynamic process including assessment, interventions, and evaluation, and 3) there were difficulties from the participants themselves, patients and families, and the system. Participants also reflected on what they did and the influences of providing care on themselves. Quantitative results showed that the most common psychosocial care was discussion about the progress of the disease and future care plan; the difficulty was the long-term problems in families; and the psychosocial care professionals most needed were social workers and clinical/counseling psychologists. CONCLUSIONS Understanding the process of psychosocial care and integrating it with specialized mental health care in a team could improve the quality of psychosocial care in palliative care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yu Fan
- Institute of Gerontology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - I-Mei Lin
- Department of Psychology, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Gang Hsieh
- Department of Family Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jung Chang
- Department of Nursing, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
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Hutchinson M, Higson M, Cleary M, Jackson D. Nursing expertise: a course of ambiguity and evolution in a concept. Nurs Inq 2016; 23:290-304. [DOI: 10.1111/nin.12142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Hutchinson
- Faculty of Health & Life Sciences; Oxford Brookes University; Oxford UK
- School of Health and Human Sciences; Southern Cross University; Lismore NSW Australia
| | - Mary Higson
- Independent Researcher; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Michelle Cleary
- Mental Health Nursing; School of Health Sciences; University of Tasmania; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Debra Jackson
- Faculty of Health & Life Sciences; Oxford Brookes University; Oxford UK
- Oxford Institute of Nursing & Allied Health Research (OxINAHR); Oxford UK
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Oxford UK
- University of New England; Armidale NSW Australia
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How to support patients who are crying in palliative home care: an interview study from the nurses’ perspective. Prim Health Care Res Dev 2016; 17:479-88. [DOI: 10.1017/s1463423616000037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
AimThe aim of this study was to explore how nurses can support patients who are crying in a palliative home care context.BackgroundIn palliative care the nurse has a central role in the team whose duty it is to create a sense of security and trust, as well as to give comfort and support the patients. The nurse’s responsibility is to identify different needs of the patients for support and develop a relationship with them. Patients may express their pain, anxiety, fear and suffering by crying. No studies have been found which focus on how nurses can support patients who are crying in different ways and crying for different reasons.MethodsA qualitative explorative study was performed. Semi-structured interviews were held with eight nurses aged 32–63 years (Median 40) working in Swedish palliative home care. The data were analysed using Qualitative Content analysis.FindingsIt was reported that the nurse should meet and confirm the patient during different types of crying episodes and should also be able to alternate between being close and physically touching the in such close contact with the patients, the nurse can provide emotional support by showing empathy, merely being present and letting the patients cry as much as they want. When the crying finally stops, the nurse can support the person by speaking with them, showing sensitivity, humility and respect for the patient’s wishes. A few examples of the patients’ need for information or practical support emerged. The nurse can emotionally support the person who is crying by just being present, confirming, showing empathy, offering a chance to talk and showing respect for their individual needs and the different ways they may cry.
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Hill H, Evans JM, Forbat L. Nurses respond to patients' psychosocial needs by dealing, ducking, diverting and deferring: an observational study of a hospice ward. BMC Nurs 2015; 14:60. [PMID: 26582969 PMCID: PMC4650322 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-015-0112-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychosocial support is considered a central component of nursing care but it remains unclear as to exactly how this is implemented in practice. The aim of this study was to provide a descriptive exploration of how psychosocial needs (PNs) of patients in a hospice ward are expressed and met, in order to develop an understanding of the provision of psychosocial support in practice. METHODS An embedded mixed-methods study was conducted in one hospice ward. Data collection included observations of patients' expressions of PNs and nurses' responses to those expressed PNs, shift hand-overs and multi-disciplinary meetings. Interviews about the observed care were conducted with the patients and nurses and nursing documentation pertaining to psychosocial care was collated. Descriptive statistical techniques were applied to quantitative data in order to explore and support the qualitative observational, interview and documentary data. RESULTS During the 8-month period of observation, 227 encounters within 38 episodes of care were observed among 38 nurses and 47 patients. Within these encounters, 330 PNs were expressed. Nurses were observed immediately responding to expressed PNs in one of four ways: dealing (44.2 %), deferring (14.8 %), diverting (10.3 %) and ducking (30.7 %). However, it is rare that one type of PN was clearly expressed on its own: many were expressed at the same time and usually while the patient was interacting with the nurse for another reason, thus making the provision of psychosocial support challenging. The nurses' response patterns varied little according to type of need. CONCLUSIONS The provision of psychosocial support is very complex and PNs are not always easily recognised. This study has allowed an exploration of the actual PNs of patients in a hospice setting, the way in which they were expressed, and how nurses responded to them. The nurses faced the challenge of responding to PNs whilst carrying out the other duties of their shift, and the fact that nurses can provide psychosocial support as an inherent component of practice was verified. The data included in this paper, and the discussions around the observed care, provides nurses everywhere with an example against which to compare their own practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel Hill
- School of Health Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA UK
| | - Josie Mm Evans
- School of Health Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA UK
| | - Liz Forbat
- Australian Catholic University and Calvary Health Care, Canberra, 2600 Australia
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Cameron D, Johnston B. Development of a questionnaire to measure the key attributes of the community palliative care specialist nurse role. Int J Palliat Nurs 2015; 21:87-95. [PMID: 25715164 DOI: 10.12968/ijpn.2015.21.2.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent worldwide economic events have forced an examination of the nurse's contribution to high-quality, effective, person-centred care. Since the role of specialist nurses is considered one of the least understood or valued developments in nursing, specialist nurses must demonstrate their contribution to quality, person-centred health care. AIM To develop a questionnaire which aims to measure the quality of care provided by palliative care specialist nurses from the patients' perspective and to undertake initial validation. METHOD The process of questionnaire development involved six phases including systematic literature reviews, patient advisory groups and expert panel reviews, each of which contributed to the questionnaire face and content validity. Johnston's Expert Palliative Care Nurse Model (2002; 2005) provided an evidence-based framework for the development of the questionnaire, and enabled the identification of the key attributes of the palliative care specialist nurse role, thereby providing the themes on which to base the questionnaire. RESULTS The Quality Measure for Palliative Nursing, a questionnaire, was developed. The themes identified in the questionnaire--personal characteristics, communication skills, knowledge, relationship with patient and providing comfort--aim to facilitate measurement of the quality of care provided by palliative care specialist nurses. Designed for use by palliative patients the Quality Measure for Palliative Nursing is a one-page questionnaire comprising of 15 questions. CONCLUSIONS The Quality Measure for Palliative Nursing is unique since it aims to measure the quality of care provided by community palliative care specialist nurses, and could also be used to measure patient satisfaction with the quality of care provided. Further testing is recommended to ensure that this questionnaire can provide reliable and valid results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dee Cameron
- Team Leader, Community Macmillan Nurses and the Hospital Palliative Care Team, Cornhill Macmillan Centre, Perth Royal Infirmary, Perth, Scotland UK
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Sandsdalen T, Hov R, Høye S, Rystedt I, Wilde-Larsson B. Patients' preferences in palliative care: A systematic mixed studies review. Palliat Med 2015; 29:399-419. [PMID: 25680380 DOI: 10.1177/0269216314557882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is necessary to develop palliative care to meet existing and future needs of patients and their families. It is important to include knowledge of patient preferences when developing high-quality palliative care services. Previous reviews have focused on patient preferences with regard to specific components of palliative care. There is a need to review research on patient's combined preferences for all elements that constitute palliative care. AIM The aim of this study is to identify preferences for palliative care among patients in the palliative phase of their illness, by synthesizing existing research. DATA SOURCES Studies were retrieved by searching databases - the Cochrane Library, Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus and Sociological Abstracts - from 1946 to 2014, and by hand searching references in the studies included. DESIGN A systematic mixed studies review was conducted. Two reviewers independently selected studies for inclusion and extracted data according to the eligibility criteria. Data were synthesized using integrative thematic analysis. RESULTS The 13 qualitative and 10 quantitative studies identified included participants with different illnesses in various settings. Four themes emerged representing patient preferences for care. The theme 'Living a meaningful life' illustrated what patients strived for. The opportunity to focus on living required the presence of 'Responsive healthcare personnel', a 'Responsive care environment' and 'Responsiveness in the organization of palliative care'. CONCLUSION The four themes may be useful for guiding clinical practice and measurements of quality, with the overall goal of meeting future needs and improving quality in palliative care services to suit patients' preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuva Sandsdalen
- Department of Nursing and Mental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hedmark University College, Elverum, Norway Discipline of Nursing Science, Department of Health Science, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Reidun Hov
- Department of Nursing and Mental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hedmark University College, Elverum, Norway
| | - Sevald Høye
- Department of Nursing and Mental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hedmark University College, Elverum, Norway
| | - Ingrid Rystedt
- Discipline of Nursing Science, Department of Health Science, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Bodil Wilde-Larsson
- Department of Nursing and Mental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hedmark University College, Elverum, Norway Discipline of Nursing Science, Department of Health Science, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
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Tsutsumi K, Sekido K. Relationship of Clinical Nursing Competence to Nursing Occupational Experience in Hospice/Palliative Care Nurses in Japan. Health (London) 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2015.72032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Cavaye J, Watts JH. Student Nurses Learning about Death, Dying, and Loss: Too Little, Too Late? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.2190/il.22.4.c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Concerns about the care provided to people dying from life-threatening illness have prompted a number of international reforms to improve the quality of palliative and end-of-life (EOL) care. The majority of this care is provided by nurses. They spend more time with dying patients than any other health professionals and therefore, need specific clinical skills and knowledge. Palliative and EOL care education is increasingly being positioned as a specialism, available only to a small number of registered nurses as part of continuing professional development. However, increasing numbers of patients with life-threatening illness are being treated in non-specialist settings by nurses with a generalist education. Furthermore, undergraduate nurse education has traditionally had a limited focus on palliative and EOL care, hence claims that undergraduate nursing curricula are inadequate. Drawing on an international literature, this review explores the evidence about the adequacy of undergraduate curricula in this area. It considers the extent to which palliative and EOL curriculum is included in undergraduate nurse education and draws upon evidence from students and registered nurses, who as consumers of education, report feeling unprepared to care for and communicate with, dying patients.
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Ek K, Westin L, Prahl C, Österlind J, Strang S, Bergh I, Hammarlund K. Death and caring for dying patients: exploring first-year nursing students' descriptive experiences. Int J Palliat Nurs 2014; 20:509-15. [DOI: 10.12968/ijpn.2014.20.10.509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Johnston B, Rogerson L, Macijauskiene J, Blaževičienė A, Cholewka P. An exploration of self-management support in the context of palliative nursing: a modified concept analysis. BMC Nurs 2014; 13:21. [PMID: 25120381 PMCID: PMC4129427 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6955-13-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The role of self-management is often ambiguous, yet, it is an important area in clinical practice for palliative nurses. A clear conceptual understanding, however, of what it represents is lacking. Method This paper reports an analysis of the concept of self-management support in palliative nursing. Avant and Walker’s method was used to guide this concept analysis. A search of electronic databases (1990–2013), use of internet search engines and supplementary hand searching produced an international data set of reviews, empirical research, editorials, protocols and guidelines. Results Based on the analysis self-management support in palliative nursing has been defined as assessing, planning, and implementing appropriate care to enable the patient to live until they die and supporting the patient to be given the means to master or deal with their illness or their effects of their illness themselves. Conclusions Clarity with the concept of self-management support and palliative nursing could enable nurses to provide more patient and family centred care to people facing life threatening illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Johnston
- Sue Ryder Care Centre for the Study of Supportive, Palliative and End of Life Care, School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Derby Road, Nottingham NG7 2HA, UK
| | - Liz Rogerson
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Dundee, 11 Airlie Place, Dundee Scotland, DD1 4HJ, UK
| | - Jurate Macijauskiene
- Faculty of Nursing, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus 9, Kaunas, LT-44307, Lithuania
| | - Aurelija Blaževičienė
- Faculty of Nursing, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus 9, Kaunas, LT-44307, Lithuania
| | - Patricia Cholewka
- Department of Nursing, New York City College of Technology, CUNY, 300 Jay Street, P-505, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
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Existential encounters: nurses' descriptions of critical incidents in end-of-life cancer care. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2014; 18:636-44. [PMID: 24996512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Nurses working with cancer patients in end of life care need to be prepared to encounter patients' psychosocial and spiritual distress. AIM The aim of this study was to describe nurses' experiences of existential situations when caring for patients severely affected by cancer. METHODS AND SAMPLE Nurses (registered and enrolled) from three urban in-patient hospices, an oncology clinic and a surgery clinic and a palliative homecare team were, prior to the start of a training program, invited to write down their experiences of a critical incident (CI), in which existential issues were featured. RESULTS Eighty-eight CIs were written by 83 nurses. The CIs were analyzed with qualitative content analysis. Two main themes were found: Encounters with existential pain experiences, which concerned facing death and facing losses; and Encountering experiences of hope, which concerned balancing honesty, and desire to live. CONCLUSIONS This study points out that health care professionals need to be aware of patients' feelings of abandonment in exposed situations such as patients' feelings of existential loneliness. That there are some patients that express a desire to die and this makes the nurses feel uncomfortable and difficult to confront these occurrences and its therefore important to listen to patients' stories, regardless of care organization, in order to gain access to patients' inner existential needs.
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Clayton MF, Reblin M, Carlisle M, Ellington L. Communication Behaviors and Patient and Caregiver Emotional Concerns: A Description of Home Hospice Communication. Oncol Nurs Forum 2014; 41:311-21. [DOI: 10.1188/14.onf.311-321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Strang S, Bergh I, Ek K, Hammarlund K, Westin L, Prahl C, Österlind J, Henoch I. Swedish nursing students' reasoning about emotionally demanding issues in caring for dying patients. Int J Palliat Nurs 2014; 20:194-200. [DOI: 10.12968/ijpn.2014.20.4.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susann Strang
- Associate Professor, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Box 457, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden, and Angered Local Hospital, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Bergh
- Professor, University of Skövde, School of Life Sciences, Sweden
| | - Kristina Ek
- Senior Lecturer, University of Skövde, School of Life Sciences, Sweden
| | - Kina Hammarlund
- Senior Lecturer, University of Skövde, School of Life Sciences, Sweden
| | - Lars Westin
- Senior Lecturer, University of Skövde, School of Life Sciences, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Prahl
- Senior Lecturer, Ersta Sköndal University College and Ersta Hospital, Palliative Research Centre, Stockholm, Sweden, and Department of Health Care Sciences, Ersta Sköndal University College, Sweden
| | - Jane Österlind
- Senior Lecturer, Ersta Sköndal University College and Ersta Hospital, Palliative Research Centre, Stockholm, Sweden, and Department of Health Care Sciences, Ersta Sköndal University College, Sweden
| | - Ingela Henoch
- Associate Professor, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sweden, and University of Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
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Tsutsumi K, Sekido K, Tanioka T. Characteristics of Nursing Care for Terminally Ill Patients in Hospice/Palliative Care Unit. Health (London) 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2014.616246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Park AR, So HS, Chae MC. Recognition of Patients, Families, Nurses, and Physicians about Clinical Decision-making and Biomedical Ethics. ASIAN ONCOLOGY NURSING 2014. [DOI: 10.5388/aon.2014.14.1.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ae Ran Park
- College of Nursing, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyang Sook So
- College of Nursing, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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Hayle C, Coventry PA, Gomm S, Caress AL. Understanding the experience of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who access specialist palliative care: a qualitative study. Palliat Med 2013; 27:861-8. [PMID: 23681494 DOI: 10.1177/0269216313486719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Palliative care for people with life-limiting non-malignant disease is increasingly prioritised. People with end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are among a key group of non-cancer patients likely to benefit from specialist palliative care, but it remains uncertain whether the needs of this group are met by existing services. AIM To evaluate the experiences of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who accessed specialist palliative care. DESIGN Data from semi-structured interviews were analysed using a hermeneutic phenomenological approach. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS Eight patients accessing specialist palliative care within one city in North West England. RESULTS Perceived benefits of specialist palliative care included reduced frequency of hospital admission, improved physical and psychological symptoms, reduced social isolation and a broadened physical environment. Participants were mainly aware of their poor prognosis, but discussion of referral to palliative care sometimes caused distress owing to the historical associations between dying and hospice care. Following engagement with services, participants' perceptions changed: palliative care was associated with social inclusion and opportunities to engage in reciprocal and altruistic social action. Negative associations were replaced by uncertainty and anxiety about the prospect of discharge. CONCLUSIONS Much within existing services works well for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but opportunities to enhance palliative care for this underserved group remain. Future research might focus on prospectively evaluating the impact of key components of palliative care on core patient-centred outcomes. Additionally, work must be done to raise awareness of the benefits of specialist palliative care for non-cancer patients, as negative associations can form a barrier to access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Hayle
- Hospital Specialist Palliative Care Team, Salford Royal Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
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Newton J, McVicar A. Evaluation of the currency of the Davies and Oberle (1990) model of supportive care in specialist and specialised palliative care settings in England. J Clin Nurs 2013; 23:1662-76. [PMID: 23875691 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.12301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To evaluate the extent to which the Davies and Oberle (1990) model of supportive nursing has currency across specialist and specialised care settings in England. BACKGROUND The model describes attributes of palliative nursing for practice and associated educational curricula. It is influential but predates introduction of specialist/specialised care. Its applicability in contemporary care settings has not been evaluated. DESIGN Evaluation was undertaken using sequential mixed methods, predominantly qualitative. Data collected during 2008-2009. METHODS Four stages: (1) focus groups involving hospital and community palliative clinical nurse specialists and nurses from three hospice settings (total = 25) to identify setting-specific characteristics, (2) survey of nurses (n = 48 respondents/31%) with follow-up interviews (n = 25) to identify congruence with the model, (3) interviews with patients (n = 6) and carers (n = 13) for practice evidence and (4) reconvened focus groups (n = 19 nurses) for confirmation. RESULTS All major dimensions were evidenced. 'Connecting' had reduced emphasis in the hospital setting where specialist nurses spend limited time with patients, but diminishing time to 'connect' with patients and carers as service develops could potentially become problematic across all settings. Two new dimensions ('Displaying expertise' and 'Influencing other professionals') with subdimensions (e.g. 'Advanced communication skills') are proposed as additions to reflect advanced practice. Further new subdimensions ('Making the assessment', 'Prioritising', 'Agreeing the plan') are suggested to be best aligned with the existing dimension 'Connecting'. CONCLUSIONS A revised model of supportive care incorporating dimensions of advanced nursing has currency in contemporary specialist/specialised care settings, although evaluation is required as to the actual impact of the model on care outcomes. 'Connecting' is currently being affected by pace of work and lateness of referrals. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE 'Spending time' is increasingly difficult to sustain so challenging nurses as to how they may continue to 'connect' with patients as service delivery continues to change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenni Newton
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex, UK
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Richards N, Ingleton C, Gardiner C, Gott M. Awareness contexts revisited: indeterminacy in initiating discussions at the end-of-life. J Adv Nurs 2013; 69:2654-64. [PMID: 23600793 DOI: 10.1111/jan.12151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To explore if and how information about a transition to a palliative care approach was communicated to patients recently discharged from hospital and who fulfilled standardized criteria for palliative care need. BACKGROUND Palliative care philosophy and, more recently, UK palliative care policy, endorse a context of 'open' awareness, where all parties openly acknowledge that the patient's death is approaching. The perceived benefits of making the patient aware of their prognosis encompass a variety of planning activities, which mean that death, when it occurs, is arguably more in keeping with the wishes of the patient. DESIGN A qualitative inductive interview study conducted in 2010-2011. METHODS Fifteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 patients and 3 family carers. All patients were identified as having palliative care needs according to standardized criteria, 3-6 months after discharge from hospital. A thematic analysis was undertaken. FINDINGS Contrary to the professed ideal of 'open' awareness, some participants were only partially aware and others wholly unaware that they were likely to be approaching the end-of-life. Those identified as unaware were over 85. Participants displayed a reluctance to acquire knowledge which would require them to face the imminence of death. CONCLUSION Philosophy and policy aside, people do not always conform to the autonomy paradigm of a self-directed life followed by a self-directed death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Richards
- Department of Sociological Studies, The University of Sheffield, UK
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Jerofke TA. Concept Analysis of Empowerment From Survivor and Nurse Perspectives Within the Context of Cancer Survivorship. Res Theory Nurs Pract 2013; 27:157-72. [DOI: 10.1891/1541-6577.27.3.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The liberal usage of the concept of empowerment has led to the development of a broad and ambiguous term. In health care, empowerment is a core principle of patient-centered care that promotes patient engagement in health management. This is an analysis of the concept of empowerment within the context of cancer survivorship using both Rodgers’ evolutionary concept analysis and Caron and Bower’s dimensional analysis. The dimensional analysis followed the evolutionary concept analysis as the perspectives of patients and nurse providers emerged in the analysis. Data sources included a sample of 249 papers from multiple disciplines covering the period 2000–2013. Empowerment is defined as power-with that is actualized through a beneficial relationship of mutual trust and respect for autonomy that develops within a dynamic and patient-centered process. The attributes, along with the antecedents and consequences, provide a foundation for future theory development of empowerment in the context of cancer survivorship. This analysis demonstrated that although nurses and survivors may have a similar definition of the concept of empowerment, the uses and assumptions of that definition may differ. Future studies should be conducted measuring the effectiveness of an intervention that uses the components of the process of empowerment from survivors’ perspectives.
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Johnston B, Östlund U, Brown H. Evaluation of the Dignity Care Pathway for community nurses caring for people at the end of life. Int J Palliat Nurs 2012; 18:483-9. [PMID: 23123951 DOI: 10.12968/ijpn.2012.18.10.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People nearing the end of life fear loss of dignity, and a central tenet of palliative care is to help people die with dignity. The Dignity Care Pathway (DCP) is an intervention based on the Chochinov theoretical model of dignity care. It has four sections: a manual, a Patient Dignity Inventory, reflective questions, and care actions. METHOD The feasibility and acceptability of the DCP were evaluated using a qualitative design with a purposive sample of community nurses. Data was collected from April to October 2010 using in-depth interviews, reflective diaries, and case studies and then analysed using framework analysis. RESULTS The DCP was acceptable to the community nurses, helped them identify when patients were at the end of life, identified patients' key concerns, and aided nurses in providing holistic end-of-life care. It requires the nurse to have excellent communication skills. Some of the nurses found it hard to initiate a conversation on dignity-conserving care. CONCLUSION The DCP helps nurses to deliver individualised care and psychological care, which has previously been identified as a difficult area for community nurses. All of the nurses wished to continue to use the DCP and would recommend it to others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Johnston
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Dundee, 11 Airlie Place, Dundee DD1 4HJ, Scotland.
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