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Gholampoor N, Sharif AH, Mellor D. The effect of observing religious or faith-based fasting on cardiovascular disease risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1097-1109. [PMID: 38508992 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Fasting is common in many religions and is associated with health benefits. This systematic review to compares the impact of different religious fasting practices, on risk of cardiometabolic diseases. DATA SYNTHESIS The search covered five databases following PRISMA guidelines to identify papers published in English from inception to March 2023 (updated January 2024). Inclusion criteria were healthy adults in observational studies, who engaged in religious fasting practices, studies were included where data on matched non-fasting individuals was available. Outcomes were systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), and fasting plasma glucose levels. A meta-analysis was conducted, and the review was registered (CRD42022352197). Fourteen studies were met the inclusion criteria with ten studies data being suitable for meta-analysis, reporting on 755 adults participating in fasting practices and 661 non-fasting controls. Religious fasting was associated with a reduction in BMI (-0.40 kg/m2, 95% CI [-0.70, -0.10], p < 0.01). Observance of Ramadan fasting was associated with decreased systolic blood pressure (-3.83 mmHg, 95% CI [-7.44, -0.23], p = 0.04). The observance of Orthodox Christian fasting was associated with a reduction in TC (-0.52 mmoL/l, 95%CI [-0.64, -0.39], p < 0.01). No difference was found for the other outcomes. CONCLUSION This review found religious fasting practices which were associated with a reduction in some biomarkers of cardiometabolic diseases risk. Further research on other fasting practices is needed due to limited data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Gholampoor
- Aston Medical School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Duane Mellor
- Aston Medical School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
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Ewart L. 'I've just got to take that risk and have faith . . .': The challenge of gaining and maintaining trust in patients undergoing knee surgery with a regional anaesthetic. J Perioper Pract 2024:17504589241238847. [PMID: 38605479 DOI: 10.1177/17504589241238847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Traditionally, the focus of the operating theatre has been on conducting safe, efficient surgery with unconscious patients. However, the care of awake patients is now a prominent feature of modern perioperative practise as the volume of surgery performed under regional anaesthesia increases. The aim of this novel study was to understand the experience of being a conscious patient during regional anaesthesia and knee surgery in the perioperative environment. Data were gathered through observation and ethnographic interview and analysis followed a constant comparative grounded theory approach. The concepts of Trust and Faith are identified as recurrent themes highlighted in the data. This article identifies the need to understand patients' expectations regarding the clinical encounter and how subsequent treatment will develop, so that, reasons for any deviation can be discussed openly and an explanation provided. Each clinical encounter takes place within a relationship based upon an uneven distribution of power, enacted through the interaction itself, with the health care professional in a dominant role. It is the responsibility of health care staff to recognise and negate this power imbalance and reinforce trusting relationships so information and treatment options are not presented as a 'fait accompli' but negotiated through jargon free easy to understand language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Ewart
- Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, UK
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Heuschkel G, Fischer von Weikersthal L, Junghans C, Zomorodbakhsch B, Stoll C, Prott FJ, Fuxius S, Micke O, Richter A, Sallmann D, Büntzel J, Hoppe C, Huebner J. Spirituality in Oncology: Relations between Spirituality, Its Facets, and Psychological and Demographic Factors in Cancer Patients in Germany. Oncol Res Treat 2024; 47:123-134. [PMID: 38325341 DOI: 10.1159/000535919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer diagnoses are constantly increasing in clinical practice. Therefore, more and more patients are interested in how they can actively participate in the process of treatment. Spirituality represents a hidden issue of the population, which counts as a branch of complementary and alternative treatment. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate whether there are associations between spirituality and demographic and psychosocial factors, as well as religious beliefs, in cancer patients. METHODS We conducted a survey with 451 participants in 10 oncology centers between March and July 2021. A composition of the following 9 different questionnaires was used to collect data on spirituality, demographics, resilience, self-efficiency, life satisfaction, and sense of coherence: Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being (FACIT-Sp12), General Life Satisfaction Short Scale (L-1), Resilienzskala Kurzform (RS-13), Sense of Coherence Scale - Leipziger Kurzform (SOC-L9), Allgemeine Selbstwirksamkeit Kurzskala (AKSU), Adolescent Food Habits Checklist, Likert-Scale of daily activities, questionnaire of the Working group Prävention und Integrative Onkologie (PRiO), and personal opinion on the cause of the disease. Calculated data and analyzed group differences using ANOVA Bonferroni were used to test associations between spirituality and the variables studied. For more detailed examination of spirituality, we took a closer look at the different components of spirituality - peace, meaning, and faith - and their relation to each other (three-factor spirituality analyses). RESULTS Higher spirituality scores in total as well as meaning, peace, and faith were each associated with higher levels of resilience and life satisfaction. Higher religious belief was found to be associated with higher spiritual attitudes. High personal self-efficiency was found in people with higher spiritual beliefs in general as well as higher meaning and peace. Meaning and peace emerge as essential components of spiritual well-being and show a stronger association with expressions of general spirituality than faith. CONCLUSION Spirituality takes a crucial role among the resources of life-threatening diseases. As such, further research is needed to expand and integrate patient options into a modernized concept of care. Our data indicate that higher spiritual well-being is associated with a more tolerant approach to illness. Thus, addressing spiritual needs in therapy is associated with better psychological adjustment to the individual situation and reduces negative distress. To promote spiritual needs in the future, cognitive as well as affective components of spirituality should be emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Heuschkel
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Stefan Fuxius
- Onkologische Schwerpunktpraxis Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Achim Richter
- Inselsberg Klinik Wicker GmbH and Co. OHG, Bad Tabarz, Germany
| | | | - Jens Büntzel
- Klinik für HNO-Erkrankungen, Kopf-Hals-Chirurgie, Interdisziplinäre Palliativstation, Südharz Klinikum Nordhausen, Nordhausen, Germany
| | - Catalina Hoppe
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Jutta Huebner
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
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Tykarski S, Mróz F. The Pilgrimage on the Camino de Santiago and Its Impacts on Marital and Familial Relationships: An Exploratory Study. J Relig Health 2024; 63:109-132. [PMID: 37126119 PMCID: PMC10150338 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01825-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the results of a survey conducted among people walking the pilgrimage route to the shrine of St James in Santiago de Compostela. The aim of the research was to investigate how a pilgrimage on the Camino de Santiago among a married couple or family affects marital or familial relationships, whether walking the trail to Compostela together influences the behaviour of family members towards each other and whether it forms positive attitudes and behaviour. The empirical basis of the study is the results of a survey among respondents who made the Camino de Santiago pilgrimage, as well as in-depth interviews conducted with 24 spouses of pilgrims along the Way of St James. The study revealed that doing the pilgrimage as a married couple or family had a positive impact on intra-family relationships. According to the interviewees, going on the pilgrimage together helped to strengthen marital bonds and trust, improve communication and mutual connection, show care and affection and improve contact with children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sławomir Tykarski
- Faculty of Theology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, ul. Gagarina 37, 87-100, Toruń, Poland
| | - Franciszek Mróz
- Department of Tourism and Regional Studies, Institute of Geography, Pedagogical University of Krakow, ul. Podchorążych 2, 30-084, Kraków, Poland.
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Mitra B, Archer D, Hurst J, Lycett D. The Role of Religion, Spirituality and Social Media in the Journey of Eating Disorders: A Qualitative Exploration of Participants in the "TastelifeUK" Eating Disorder Recovery Programme. J Relig Health 2023; 62:4451-4477. [PMID: 37423909 PMCID: PMC10682250 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01861-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the religious and spiritual aspects of eating disorder recovery and the role of social media in the context of a third sector community-based recovery group in the UK. Four online focus groups explored participant perspectives (17 participants in total) using thematic analysis. The qualitative findings highlight that relational support from God is important in eating disorder recovery and coping, although this can be challenged by spiritual struggles and tensions. Relational support from people is also relevant where it offers a place to share different experiences together giving a sense of community belonging. Social media was also found to be important in relation to eating disorders, either providing a community of support or exacerbating existing issues. This study suggests that the role of religion and social media should be acknowledged where it is important for that individual in relation to eating disorder recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Mitra
- Joint Head of English, Media and Culture, University of Worcester, City Campus, Worcester, WR1 3AS, UK.
| | | | - Joanne Hurst
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Deborah Lycett
- Institute Director for Health & Wellbeing, Centre for Healthcare and Communities, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
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de Diego-Cordero R, Martos-Lorite I, Vega-Escaño J. Spiritual Dimension in Neurological and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systematic Mapping Review. J Relig Health 2023; 62:4158-4176. [PMID: 36243837 PMCID: PMC9569166 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01683-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown the benefits of spirituality/religiosity with regard to health and quality of life for people. The high prevalence of neurological disorders, which are the main diseases that cause disability and dependency around the world, makes neurological disorders especially relevant. This systematic mapping review aimed to map the knowledge of spirituality experienced by people with neurological/neurodegenerative disorders and its influence on outcomes and the ability to cope with the disease. Following specified methodological criteria, a total of 13 articles were selected. The spiritual dimension should be considered a fundamental component of the quality of life and well-being of neurological patients as it can significantly influence their ability to cope with their disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío de Diego-Cordero
- Research Group PAIDI-CTS 969 Innovation in HealthCare and Social Determinants of Health, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Irene Martos-Lorite
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Juan Vega-Escaño
- Research Group PAIDI-CTS 969 Innovation in HealthCare and Social Determinants of Health, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
- Spanish Red Cross Nursing School, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
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Varela RP. Faith healing based on narratives of healing experiences: A psycho-spiritual interpretation. Explore (NY) 2023; 19:792-796. [PMID: 37286467 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2023.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated 216 individual transcripts of faith healing experiences drawn from the healing ministries of 2 Catholic priests in the Philippines. The accounts of these healing narratives were generously provided to the researcher in hard copies for analysis by the 2 Catholic priests. The narratives were individual stories of healing experiences and written voluntarily by the healees themselves. Five themes were extracted from the narratives, namely, sensation of warmth, feeling of lightness, electrifying sensation, feeling of heaviness, and a weeping episode. Further, the study was able to unfold four themes on spiritual coping, namely, empowering faith, letting God be in control, acceptance leading to renewal, and connectedness with God. Faith healing experience begins with multisensory-physiological changes (e.g., sensation of warmth, electrifying sensation, feeling of heaviness) leading to affective/emotional, changes (e.g., weeping moment and feeling of lightness) that occur simultaneously, or in succession as antecedent conditions that awaken or activate inner adaptive spiritual coping responses with illness such as empowering faith, God being in control, acceptance leading to renewal, and connectedness with God.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reynold P Varela
- Adamson University, College of Science, Department of Psychology, 900 San Marcelino St., Ermita, Manila 1000, Philippines.
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Harper K, Bohecker L, Lewis T, Lee M, Edwards N, Celoria W, Moore D. Identifying Systemic Factors when Counseling Black Women of Christian Faith in the USA. J Relig Health 2023; 62:3414-3429. [PMID: 37133609 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01824-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
When Black women of Christian faith in the USA receive secular help for psychological symptoms, their spiritual and religious communities often view the decision negatively. The women may feel shamed, ostracized, and condemned. They often experience emotional, physical, and spiritual trauma from the rejection that increases the frequency, duration, and intensity of their psychological symptoms. This article identifies specific community-based and systemic factors that exacerbate mental health issues in Black women of Christian faith. The authors discuss the influence of such factors on mental health and provide evidence-based practices for mental health clinicians working with Black women of Christian faith.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyona Harper
- Liberty University, 1971 University Blvd, Lynchburg, VA, 24515, USA.
| | - Lynn Bohecker
- Liberty University, 1971 University Blvd, Lynchburg, VA, 24515, USA
| | - Tamika Lewis
- Liberty University, 1971 University Blvd, Lynchburg, VA, 24515, USA
| | - Margaret Lee
- Liberty University, 1971 University Blvd, Lynchburg, VA, 24515, USA
| | - Nivischi Edwards
- Liberty University, 1971 University Blvd, Lynchburg, VA, 24515, USA
| | - Wendy Celoria
- Liberty University, 1971 University Blvd, Lynchburg, VA, 24515, USA
| | - Denise Moore
- Liberty University, 1971 University Blvd, Lynchburg, VA, 24515, USA
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Ali OME, Gkekas E, Ali AMS, Tang TYT, Ahmed S, Chowdhury I, Waqar S, Hamed A, Al-Ghazal S, Ahmed S. Informing the UK Muslim Community on Organ Donation: Evaluating the Effect of a National Public Health Programme by Health Professionals and Faith Leaders. J Relig Health 2023; 62:1716-1730. [PMID: 36207562 PMCID: PMC9542453 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01680-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
There is a significant shortage of transplantable organs in the UK particularly from Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) groups, of which Muslims make a large proportion. The British Islamic Medical Association (BIMA) held a nationwide series of community gatherings with the aim of describing the beliefs and attitudes to organ donation amongst British Muslims and evaluate the efficacy of a national public health programme on views and uncertainties regarding religious permissibility and willingness to register. Eight public forums were held across the UK between June 2019 and March 2020 by the British Islamic Medical Association (BIMA). A panel of experts consisting of health professionals and Imams discussed with audiences the procedures, experiences and Islamic ethico-legal rulings on organ donation. Attendees completed a self-administered questionnaire which captured demographic data along with opinions before and after the session regarding religious permissibility and willingness to register given permissibility. A total of 554 respondents across seven UK cities were included with a M:F ratio 1:1.1. Only 45 (8%) respondents were registered as organ donors. Amongst those not registered multiple justifications were detailed, foremost of which was religious uncertainty (73%). Pre-intervention results indicated 50% of respondents were unsure of the permissibility of organ donation in Islam. Of those initially unsure or against permissibility or willingness to register, 72% changed their opinion towards deeming it permissible and 60% towards a willingness to register indicating a significant change in opinion (p < 0.001). The effectiveness of our interventions suggests further education incorporating faith leaders alongside local healthcare professionals to address religious and cultural concerns can reduce uncertainty whilst improving organ donation rates among the Muslim community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M E Ali
- Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | | | - Ahmad M S Ali
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Liverpool, L9 7LJ, UK
| | | | - Sameer Ahmed
- Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Victoria Rd, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, UK
| | - Imadul Chowdhury
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 9PX, UK
| | - Salman Waqar
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Woodstock Rd, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - Amer Hamed
- Stepping Hill Hospital, Stockport NHS Foundation Trust, Poplar Grove, Hazel Grove, Stockport, SK2 7JE, UK
| | - Sharif Al-Ghazal
- Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - Saeed Ahmed
- Renal Unit, South Tyneside and Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Kayl Rd, Sunderland, SR4 7TP, UK
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Manalo MF, Ng S, Ozdemir S, Malhotra C, Finkelstein EA, Ong KD, Teo I. Quality of life and psychological distress of patients with advanced cancer in the Philippines. Qual Life Res 2023:10.1007/s11136-023-03389-y. [PMID: 36952074 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-023-03389-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to describe the quality of life (QOL) and psychological distress (anxiety and depression) of Filipino patients with advanced solid cancers and identify sociodemographic and clinical-related factors associated with them. METHODS 195 patients with advanced cancer were recruited from a major hospital treating cancer patients in the Philippines. Participants completed self-reported surveys on Quality-of-life (QOL-FACT-G) and psychological distress (HADS-D, HADS-A). Multi-variable OLS regression models were performed where sociodemographic, health history and clinical characteristics were included as predictors. RESULTS The average total FACT-G score was 65.39/108 (Standard deviation (SD) = 13.76), with the physical well-being scale having the lowest scores (M = 14.14/28, SD = 5.92). The two most common symptoms reported were fatigue (88%) and pain (86.5%). Physical symptom burden was significantly negatively associated with QOL and psychological distress. The average HADS-total score was 14.46/21 (SD = 5.77), with 8% with probable anxiety and 27% with probable depression. Participants who reported greater reliance on their spiritual faith for strength in coping with illness reported lower depression scores. CONCLUSIONS Our findings underline the importance of understanding the multi-dimensional outcomes of Filipino advanced cancer patients. Results may be used to improve QOL and reduce the psychological distress of advanced cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fidelis Manalo
- Supportive Oncology & Palliative Care, Augusto P. Sarmiento Cancer Institute, The Medical City, Pasig, Philippines.
- Far Eastern University-Dr. Nicanor Reyes Medical Foundation, Quezon City, Philippines.
| | - Sean Ng
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Lien Centre for Palliative Care, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Programme for Health Services & Systems Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Semra Ozdemir
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Lien Centre for Palliative Care, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Programme for Health Services & Systems Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chetna Malhotra
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Lien Centre for Palliative Care, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Programme for Health Services & Systems Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eric A Finkelstein
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Lien Centre for Palliative Care, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Programme for Health Services & Systems Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Irene Teo
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Lien Centre for Palliative Care, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Programme for Health Services & Systems Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Deng LR, Doyon KJ, Masters KS, Steinhauser KE, Langner PR, Siler S, Bekelman DB. How Does Spiritual Well-Being Change Over Time Among US Patients with Heart Failure and What Predicts Change? J Relig Health 2022:10.1007/s10943-022-01712-4. [PMID: 36478542 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01712-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have examined how spiritual well-being changes over time in patients with heart failure. We conducted a secondary analysis of data from the Collaborative Care to Alleviate Symptoms and Adjust to Illness (CASA) trial (N = 314). Spiritual well-being was measured using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being Scale (FACIT-Sp) at baseline and 12-month follow-up. Of the 165 patients with spiritual well-being data at follow-up, 65 (39%) experienced probable clinically meaningful changes (> 0.5 SD) in spiritual well-being (35 improved, 30 declined). Increased pain (p = 0.04), decreased dyspnea (p < 0.01), and increased life completion (p = 0.02) were associated with improvement in overall spiritual well-being. Exploratory analyses found different predictors for FACIT-Sp subscales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubin R Deng
- Denver/Seattle Center of Innovation, Department of Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System, 1700 N Wheeling St, P1-151, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
- Department of Statistics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| | - Katherine J Doyon
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kevin S Masters
- Department of Psychology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Karen E Steinhauser
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Paula R Langner
- Denver/Seattle Center of Innovation, Department of Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System, 1700 N Wheeling St, P1-151, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Shaunna Siler
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - David B Bekelman
- Denver/Seattle Center of Innovation, Department of Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System, 1700 N Wheeling St, P1-151, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
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Goodwin E, Kraft K. Mental health and spiritual well-being in humanitarian crises: the role of faith communities providing spiritual and psychosocial support during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Int Humanit Action 2022; 7:21. [PMID: 37519839 PMCID: PMC9579534 DOI: 10.1186/s41018-022-00127-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Across the globe, people's reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic and its accompanying lockdowns highlighted, and continued to stress, the relevance of mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) in responding to crises, including in low-income and emergency settings. They also demonstrated the importance of faith practices and communities of faith as core needs and important coping mechanisms for many affected people in times of crisis. Drawing on data collected by World Vision International, the world's largest child-focused humanitarian and development organisation, in the course of its response to COVID-19 in 70 different countries, this article explores the ways in which faith groups and faith leaders responded to the perceived needs of their communities. While keen to offer psychosocial support to people suffering anxiety and fear in the context of the crisis, this has often been integrated with spiritual support. Analysing their work from the framework of a rights-based approach to mental health, we conclude that they did contribute to psychosocial support through their MHPSS, in part through their provision of spiritual care. However, spiritual well-being should not be conflated with psychosocial well-being. While faith groups play an important role in MHPSS, their primary role is to offer spiritual care.
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Jackson C, Al Azdi Z, Kellar I, Mdege ND, Fairhurst C, Ferdous T, Hewitt C, Huque R, Marshall AM, Semple S, Sheikh A, Siddiqi K. "Everything the hujur tells is very educative but if I cannot apply those in my own life then there is no meaning": a mixed-methods process evaluation of a smoke-free homes intervention in Bangladesh. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1889. [PMID: 36221089 PMCID: PMC9552417 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14283-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Second-hand smoke exposure from tobacco significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality worldwide. A cluster RCT in Bangladesh compared a community-based smoke-free home (SFH) intervention delivered in mosques, with or without indoor air quality (IAQ) feedback to households to no intervention. Neither was effective nor cost-effective compared to no intervention using an objective measure of second-hand smoke. This paper presents the process evaluation embedded within the trial and seeks to understand this. METHODS A mixed method process evaluation comprising interviews with 30 household leads and six imams (prayer leader in mosque), brief questionnaire completed by 900 household leads (75% response), fidelity assessment of intervention delivery in six (20%) mosques and research team records. Data were triangulated using meta-themes informed by three process evaluation functions: implementation, mechanisms of impact and context. RESULTS IMPLEMENTATION: Frequency of SFH intervention delivery was judged moderate to good. However there were mixed levels of intervention fidelity and poor reach. Linked Ayahs (verses of the Qur'an) with health messages targeting SHS attitudes were most often fully implemented and had greatest reach (along with those targeting social norms). Frequency and reach of the IAQ feedback were good. MECHANISMS OF IMPACT Both interventions had good acceptability. However, views on usefulness of the interventions in creating a SFH were mixed. Individual drivers to behaviour change were new SFH knowledge with corresponding positive attitudes, social norms and intentions. Individual barriers were a lack of self-efficacy and plans. CONTEXT Social context drivers to SFH intervention implementation in mosques were in place and important. No context barriers to implementation were reported. Social context drivers to SHS behaviour change were children's requests. Barriers were women's reluctance to ask men to smoke outside alongside general reluctance to request this of visitors. (Not) having somewhere to smoke outside was a physical context (barrier) and driver. CONCLUSIONS Despite detailed development and adaption work with relevant stakeholders, the SFH intervention and IAQ feedback became educational interventions that were motivational but insufficient to overcome significant context barriers to reduce objectively measured SHS exposure in the home. Future interventions could usefully incorporate practical support for SFH behaviour change. Moreover, embedding these into community wide strategies that include practical cessation support and enforcement of SFH legislation is needed. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN49975452.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cath Jackson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.
- Valid Research Ltd, Wetherby, UK.
| | | | - Ian Kellar
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sean Semple
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK
| | - Aziz Sheikh
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Kamran Siddiqi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
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14
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Delgadillo JD, Campbell LM, Marquine MJ, Heaton A, Rooney AS, Umlauf A, Jeste DV, Moore DJ, Moore RC. Higher religiosity and spirituality are associated with ethnic group membership among middle-aged and older adults living with HIV. HIV Res Clin Pract 2022; 23:91-98. [PMID: 36000621 PMCID: PMC10243211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Background: HIV is a chronic illness that impacts the lives of more than 1 million people in the United States. As persons living with HIV (PWH) are living longer, it is important to understand the influence that religiosity/spirituality has among middle-aged and older PWH. Objective: Compare the degree of religiosity/spirituality among middle-aged and older PWH and HIV-negative individuals, and to identify demographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors associated with religiosity/spirituality among PWH. Method: Baseline data on 122 PWH and 92 HIV-negative individuals (ages 36-65 years; 61.1% Non-Hispanic White) from a longitudinal study were analyzed for the current study. Recruitment occurred through HIV treatment clinics and community organizations in San Diego. Participants completed questionnaires on religiosity, spirituality, and psychosocial functioning. Independent samples t-tests, Pearson correlations, and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to test the study objective. Results: No significant differences in religiosity/spirituality were found between PWH and HIV-negative individuals. Demographic and psychosocial variables were unrelated to religiously/spirituality among HIV-negative individuals. Among PWH, multiple linear regression models indicated higher daily spirituality was significantly associated with racial/ethnic minority membership (Hispanic/Latino, African American/Black, or Other), fewer years of estimated duration of HIV, greater social support, and higher grit. Greater engagement in private religious practices was significantly associated with racial/ethnic minority membership and higher social support. Conclusions: For PWH, being a racial/ethnic minority and having higher social support was associated with greater engagement in religious/spiritual practices. Future longitudinal studies should examine whether religion/spirituality impacts well-being across the lifespan among racial/ethnic minority groups of PWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy D. Delgadillo
- Advancing Diversity in Aging Research (ADAR) Program, San Diego State University, 6505 Alvarado Road, Suite 110, San Diego, CA 92120
| | - Laura M. Campbell
- San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, 6363 Alvarado Court, San Diego, CA 92120
| | - Maria J. Marquine
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Anne Heaton
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | | | - Anya Umlauf
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Dilip V. Jeste
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - David J. Moore
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Raeanne C. Moore
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
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15
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Hyde B, Joseph D. "There is 'Plenty' of Grace-it is Not a Limited Commodity!:" Experiences of Grace in Australian Faith Communities During the Pandemic. Pastoral Psychol 2022; 71:583-596. [PMID: 35975238 PMCID: PMC9372944 DOI: 10.1007/s11089-022-01024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
During the pandemic years of 2020 and 2021, Melbourne in Australia endured one of the longest lockdowns in the world. Although the severe restrictions for faith communities in particular posed many setbacks, new opportunities for worship were experienced. This paper focuses on a research project that explored hope, grace, and resilience during COVID-19 in Melbourne. A total of 106 participants from a variety of Christian denominations in Melbourne completed an online survey in relation to the notion of grace. Thematic analysis of the qualitative data was employed to explore the lived experiences of the participants. Two overarching themes-God's grace offers favour, and God's grace provides strength and builds resilience-are discussed. The findings indicate that while grace is bountiful through faith, it can also be found in unexpected places within faith settings and the wider community. While generalizations from this study cannot be made to other faith communities, recommendations are offered in relation to ways in which 'church' may be experienced in 2022 and beyond. The study showed that "there is 'plenty' of grace". Its transformational power offers hope and builds resilience as God's grace "is not a limited commodity!"
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Hyde
- School of Education, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, 3125 Burwood, VIC Australia
| | - Dawn Joseph
- School of Education, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, 3125 Burwood, VIC Australia
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16
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Pan SW, Liang Y, Wu S, Wang W, Hu X, Wang J, Huang W. Health Effects of Religion, Spirituality, and Supernatural Beliefs in Mainland China: A Systematic Review. J Relig Health 2022; 61:2726-2742. [PMID: 35347576 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01543-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Effects of religion, spirituality and supernatural beliefs (RSS) upon health in mainland China remain poorly understood, despite strong RSS beliefs influencing Chinese society. We conducted a Chinese-English bilingual systematic review to summarize the state of RSS-health research in mainland China. Study quality was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program tool. We screened 1858 studies, 162 of which were included in the review. From 2000-2004 to 2015-2019, the number of RSS-health studies in China increased from five to 73. However, only 7% of studies were rated as higher quality. Cross-sectional and case-control studies represented the vast majority of study designs (94%) and religious affiliation was the only RSS measure for 58% of studies. Higher, moderate, and lower quality studies indicated that RSS has both beneficial and adverse health implications. RSS-health research in China has accelerated rapidly in the last 20 years, but fundamental gaps in knowledge remain. Longitudinal study designs and nuanced RSS measures are needed to advance understanding of RSS health effects in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen W Pan
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, 111 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Yuxin Liang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shiqiang Wu
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, 111 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanqi Wang
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, 111 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinwen Hu
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, 111 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, 111 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenting Huang
- Department of Behavioral, Social and Health Education Sciences, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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17
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de Diego-Cordero R, Ávila-Mantilla A, Vega-Escaño J, Lucchetti G, Badanta B. The Role of Spirituality and Religiosity in Healthcare During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Integrative Review of the Scientific Literature. J Relig Health 2022; 61:2168-2197. [PMID: 35348988 PMCID: PMC8960681 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01549-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The pandemic caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has been affecting populations globally since the end of 2019. Previous studies have indicated that spirituality in these times of crisis serves as a source of hope and well-being that helps people get through the day. This study investigated the role of spirituality and religiosity in healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic. An integrative review of the scientific literature available on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases and a review of the gray literature in the Information System on Gray Literature in Europe (OpenGrey) were carried out. From a total of 1,338 articles searched; 25 articles were included in this review (22 quantitative observational, 2 qualitative and one randomized controlled trial). Our findings revealed the importance of including spirituality in clinical practice for both health professionals and patients. On the one hand, spirituality can be considered a good coping strategy used by healthcare professionals to promote mental health and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting in greater patient satisfaction with the care given. On the other hand, addressing spiritual needs of individuals leads to a reduction in stress, anxiety, depression, and an increase in resilience and hope among patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío de Diego-Cordero
- Research Group PAIDI-CTS 969 Innovation in HealthCare and Social Determinants of Health, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Amanda Ávila-Mantilla
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Juan Vega-Escaño
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, c/Avenzoar, 6, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Giancarlo Lucchetti
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Badanta
- Research Group PAIDI-CTS 1050 Complex Care, Chronicity and Health Outcomes, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
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18
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Lahav E, Shahrabani S, Rosenboim M, Tsutsui Y. Is stronger religious faith associated with a greater willingness to take the COVID-19 vaccine? Evidence from Israel and Japan. Eur J Health Econ 2022; 23:687-703. [PMID: 34677722 PMCID: PMC8532098 DOI: 10.1007/s10198-021-01389-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Achieving high vaccination rates is important for overcoming an epidemic. This study investigates the association between religious faith and intentions to become vaccinated against COVID-19 in Israel and Japan. Most of Israel's population is monotheistic, whereas most Japanese are unaffiliated with any religion. Therefore, our findings might be applicable to various countries that differ in their religions and levels of religiosity. We conducted almost identical large-scale surveys four times in Israel and five times in Japan from March to June 2020 to obtain panel data. We found that intentions of getting vaccinated depend on people's level of religiosity in a non-linear way. Those who have strong religious beliefs are less likely to become vaccinated than those who say they are less religious. Two other factors that play a role in this relationship are religious denomination in Israel and identifying with a religion in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyal Lahav
- The Open University of Israel, University Road 1, Raanana, Israel
| | - Shosh Shahrabani
- Economics and Management Department, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, P.O. 1930600, Emek Yezreel, Israel
| | - Mosi Rosenboim
- Guilford Glazer Faculty of Business and Management, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, POB 653, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Yoshiro Tsutsui
- Kyoto Bunkyo University, Senzoku-80 Makishimacho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0041 Japan
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19
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Timmins F, Connolly M, Palmisano S, Burgos D, Juárez LM, Gusman A, Soriano V, Jewdokimow M, Sadłoń W, Serrano AL, Caballero DC, Campagna S, García-Peñuela JMV. Providing Spiritual Care to In-Hospital Patients During COVID-19: A Preliminary European Fact-Finding Study. J Relig Health 2022; 61:2212-2232. [PMID: 35511386 PMCID: PMC9069948 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01553-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Historically, there has be a close relationship between the nursing services and spiritual care provision to patients, arising due to the evolvement of many hospitals and nursing programmes from faith-based institutions and religious order nursing. With increasing secularism, these relationships are less entwined. Nonetheless, as nurses typically encounter patients at critical life events, such as receiving bad news or dying, nurses frequently understand the need and requirement for both spiritual support and religious for patients and families during these times. Yet there are uncertainties, and nurses can feel ill-equipped to deal with patients' spiritual needs. Little education or preparation is provided to these nurses, and they often report a lack of confidence within this area. The development of this confidence and the required competencies is important, especially so with increasingly multicultural societies with diverse spiritual and religious needs. In this manuscript, we discuss initial field work carried out in preparation for the development of an Erasmus Plus educational intervention, entitled from Cure to Care Digital Education and Spiritual Assistance in Healthcare. Referring specifically to post-COVID spirituality needs, this development will support nurses to respond to patients' spiritual needs in the hospital setting, using digital means. This preliminary study revealed that while nurses are actively supporting patients' spiritual needs, their education and training are limited, non-standardised and heterogeneous. Additionally, most spiritual support occurs within the context of a Judeo-Christian framework that may not be suitable for diverse faith and non-faith populations. Educational preparation for nurses to provide spiritual care is therefore urgently required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Timmins
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Michael Connolly
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Education & Research Centre, Our Lady's Hospice and Care Services, Harold's Cross, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Stefania Palmisano
- Department of Culture, Politics and Society, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Daniel Burgos
- Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), Logroño, Spain
| | | | - Alessandro Gusman
- Department of Culture, Politics and Society, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Vicente Soriano
- Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), Logroño, Spain
| | - Marcin Jewdokimow
- Faculty of Humanities, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Sadłoń
- Faculty of Humanities, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - David Conde Caballero
- Faculty of Nursing and Occupational Therapy, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Sara Campagna
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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20
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Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had, and continues to have, a significant effect on individuals worldwide, and it is clear that minority communities including the Sikh community have been particularly affected by the virus. The current study assessed the impact of the pandemic in a sample of 44 British Sikhs across 11 virtual focus groups. Three main themes emerged including making meaningful connections, struggling to adjust and the organisation of gurdware (Sikh places of worship) in coping with the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings highlight that faith may promote collective action for collective healing especially during mass trauma, with specific insight into what this may entail for the Sikh community.
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21
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Nkoana S, Sodi T, Makgahlela M, Mokwena J. Cancer Survivorship: Religion in Meaning Making and Coping Among a Group of Black Prostate Cancer Patients in South Africa. J Relig Health 2022; 61:1390-1400. [PMID: 34468928 PMCID: PMC8967772 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-021-01406-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to explore the role of religion in meaning making and coping among a group of black patients receiving some form of prostate cancer treatment at a public hospital in Limpopo Province, South Africa. A sample of 20 prostate cancer survivors, with ages ranging from 67 to 85 years (meanage = 76yrs; SD = 5.3) selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured individual interviews and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). The findings demonstrated that religion is an important factor in meaning making and coping by prostate cancer survivors. The findings suggest that healthcare practitioners need to pay close attention to the meanings that cancer patients assign to their illness to provide the appropriate care and support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shai Nkoana
- Department of Psychology, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa.
| | - Tholene Sodi
- Department of Psychology, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa
| | - Mpsanyana Makgahlela
- Department of Psychology, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa
| | - Jabu Mokwena
- Department of Psychology, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa
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22
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Wilkinson O, Logo KH, Tomalin E, Anthony WL, De Wolf F, Kurien A. Faith in localisation? The experiences of local faith actors engaging with the international humanitarian system in South Sudan. J Int Humanit Action 2022; 7:4. [PMID: 37519835 PMCID: PMC8749109 DOI: 10.1186/s41018-021-00113-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Localisation, as it aims to shift power in the humanitarian system, will involve the increased inclusion of local faith actors, those national and local faith-affiliated groups and organisations that are often first, and last, responders in crises and have been responding in humanitarian contexts for many years, but often in parallel to humanitarian coordination mechanisms. In primary research in South Sudan with local faith actors and international humanitarian actors, this article aims to examine the inroads and barriers to local faith actor involvement in the humanitarian system and the realisation of localisation with local actors such as these. The research is based on an ethnographic study in which researchers were imbedded in a humanitarian project that aimed to help bridge divides between local faith actors and the international humanitarian system. The findings are based on one-on-one and group interviews with 89 participants from a range of international and local, and faith and secular, organisations. Findings indicate that local faith actors are active in responding to crises and want to be linked to the humanitarian system, but they feel distanced from it and pigeonholed as local faith actors. Formalisation through the appropriate registration systems and then training and networking with the humanitarian system helped them build legitimacy and feel confident to participate in humanitarian coordination. International humanitarian actors can help bridge barriers by understanding and connecting with the local faith actors and challenging their own assumptions about who local faith actors are.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Wilkinson
- Joint Learning Initiative on Faith and Local Communities, 1220 L Street NW, Ste 100 #514, Washington, DC 20005 USA
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23
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Slatinsky CP, Farren GL, Bartlett M, Fiaud V, Haasl R. Relations Among Locus of Control, Religiosity, and Resiliency in Collegiate Football Players. Pastoral Psychol 2022; 71:503-510. [PMID: 35034982 PMCID: PMC8741566 DOI: 10.1007/s11089-021-00988-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Resiliency in athletes is related to effective coping strategies. Expectedly, during the COVID-19 pandemic, this attribute was highlighted in collegiate football players. To date, the relations among locus of control (LOC), strength of religious beliefs (i.e., religiosity), and resiliency in collegiate football players have not been explored in the literature. Exploring the relation of LOC and religious beliefs to resiliency may shed light on avenues to foster resiliency in football players, which in turn can determine players' behaviors, performance, and actions during adverse times. The purpose of this study was to gain a more in-depth understanding of the relations among LOC, religiosity, and resiliency in NCAA Division II football players at a public university located in the southwestern United States. A structured online survey containing the Rotter's Locus of Control Scale (Rotter in Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 80(1), 1-28, 1966), the Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire (Plante & Boccaccini in Pastoral Psychology, 45(6), 429-437, 1997), and the Conner Davidson Resilience Scale (Connor & Davidson in Depression and Anxiety, 18(2), 76-82, 2003) was completed by 91 Division II football players. Statistically significant correlations were found between LOC and resiliency (r = -.42) as well as religiosity and resiliency (r = .26). Regression analysis indicated, on average, that football players with greater internal LOC and higher strength of religious beliefs had a higher level of resiliency than players with higher external LOC and lower strength of religious beliefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chazz P. Slatinsky
- Department of Sports and Exercise Sciences, West Texas A&M University, Canyon, TX USA
| | - Gene L. Farren
- Department of Sports and Exercise Sciences, West Texas A&M University, Canyon, TX USA
| | - Michelle Bartlett
- Department of Sports and Exercise Sciences, West Texas A&M University, Canyon, TX USA
| | - Vanessa Fiaud
- Department of Sports and Exercise Sciences, West Texas A&M University, Canyon, TX USA
| | - Rick Haasl
- Department of Sports and Exercise Sciences, West Texas A&M University, Canyon, TX USA
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24
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Howard-Snyder D, McKaughan DJ. Faith and resilience. Int J Philos Relig 2022; 91:205-241. [PMID: 35400755 PMCID: PMC8741594 DOI: 10.1007/s11153-021-09820-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this short essay, we sketch a theory of faith that features resilience in the face of challenges to relying on those in whom you have faith. We argue that it handles a variety of both religious and secular faith-data, e.g., the value of faith in relationships of mutual faith and faithfulness, how the Christian and Hebrew scriptures portray pístis and 'ĕmûnāh, and the character of faith as it is often expressed in popular secular venues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Howard-Snyder
- Department of Philosophy, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA
| | - Daniel J. McKaughan
- Department of Philosophy, Boston College, 351N Stokes Hall, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467-3806 USA
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25
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Yeary KHCK, Ounpraseuth S, Wan F, Graetz I, Fagan P, Huff-Davis A, Kaplan C, Johnson K, Hutchins E. Assessing the Feasibility of an Online Training Designed to Enable Community Health Workers to Deliver a Comprehensive, Evidence-Based Weight Loss Intervention for Rural African Americans of Faith. J Cancer Educ 2021; 36:1277-1284. [PMID: 32441002 PMCID: PMC7679277 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-020-01764-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a critical modifiable risk factor in cancer prevention, control, and survivorship. Comprehensive weight loss interventions (e.g., Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP)) have been recommended by governmental agencies to treat obesity. However, their high implementation costs limit their reach, especially in underserved African American (AA) communities. Community health workers (CHWs) or trusted community members can help increase access to obesity interventions in underserved regions facing provider shortages. CHW-led interventions have increased weight loss. However, in-person CHW training can be costly to deliver and often requires extensive travel to implement. Web-based trainings have become common to increase reach at reduced cost. However, the feasibility of an online CHW training to deliver the DPP in AAs is unknown. The feasibility of an online CHW training to deliver the DPP adapted for AAs was assessed. The online training was compared to an in-person DPP training with established effectiveness. CHW effectiveness and satisfaction were assessed at baseline and 6 weeks. Nineteen participants (in-person n = 10; online n = 9) were recruited. At post-training, all scored higher than the 80% on a knowledge test required to deliver the intervention. All participants reported high levels of training satisfaction (88.9% of online participants and 90% of in-person participants rated the training as at least 6 on a 1-7 scale) and comfort to complete intervention tasks (78% of online participants and 60% of in-person participants scored at least 6 on a 1-7 scale). There were no significant differences in outcomes by arm. An online CHW training to deliver the DPP adapted for AAs faith communities produced comparable effectiveness and satisfaction to an evidence-based in-person CHW training. Further research is needed to assess the cost-effectiveness of different CHW training modalities to reduce obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Hye-Cheon Kim Yeary
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
| | - Songthip Ounpraseuth
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Fei Wan
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 660 Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Ilana Graetz
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road NE, Suite 636, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Pebbles Fagan
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Anna Huff-Davis
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Cameron Kaplan
- The Gehr Center for Health Systems Science & Innovation, Keck School of Medicine of USC, 2020 Zonal Ave., Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Kemmian Johnson
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Ellen Hutchins
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
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Prempeh C. Religion and the state in an episodic moment of COVID-19 in Ghana. Soc Sci Humanit Open 2021; 4:100141. [PMID: 34746751 PMCID: PMC8558695 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2021.100141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this paper is to discuss the role religions are playing to stem the tide against the spread of coronavirus (COVID-19) in Ghana. Focusing on the ubiquity of religions in Ghana, the paper argues that religious experts deploy their ability to invoke the transcendental being to compel adherents to comply with the lockdown rules, as well as follow precautionary measures to fight the virus in Ghana. The paper also maintains that the state has, in the face of the current crisis, passed a law that could be inimical to the future of religious freedom in the country. Methodologically, I draw on critical reflections on electronic and social media reports about religion and humanitarian services in Ghana to argue that religions are bridging the mundane and spiritual gaps to aid the state, while the state is also creatively engaging religions to invest in prayers and also pass laws that are potentially inimical to the future of religious freedom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Prempeh
- Faculty of Divinity, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Jayne M. 'Playing the game': Contemporary landscapes of alcohol policy and faith-based service-users everyday lives. Int J Drug Policy 2021; 99:103451. [PMID: 34624733 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Against a backdrop of faith-based alcohol treatment 'filling the gaps' left by long term restructuring of service provision, funding cuts and marketisation of health and social care this paper makes connections between critical geographies of alcohol policy and service-users everyday lives in England and Wales. Presenting ethnographic research I highlight strategies, practices and performances - 'playing the game'- as service users navigate the multi-scalar impacts of 'austerity' policies, rollback neoliberal governance and 'recovery citizenship' focused on notions of vulnerablity, responsibilisation and 'underclass' behavioural politics. More specifically, the study foregrounds 'fitting in'; 'faking it'; 'conspiracy theories'; and/or 'spiritual journeys' to evidence service-users complex and sophisticated knowledges and experiences of contemporary landscapes of alcohol policy and treatment regimes. The conclusion signposts future directions for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Jayne
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, PR China.
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Abstract
Approximately 80% of Americans identify as religious. As physicians caring for patients with COVID-19, we have seen both positive and negative effects of religious activity during the pandemic. Religious worship generally supports close social interaction, which provides many benefits, especially in mental health, but it can also contradict infection control measures. These forces do not necessarily have to be in opposition to each other. Herein, we present three case vignettes of religious patients who were infected with and recovered from COVID-19. We review the potential benefits and risks of religious activity in the current pandemic, as supported by the medical literature. Finally, we offer some thoughts on how to engage with patients so that the benefits of both religious activity and public health measures are optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dacre Knight
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
| | - Daniel V Dudenkov
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
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Paterson C, Owusu E, Rolley J. What Are the Perceptions and Experiences of Care Delivery Among Faith Community Nurses? A Systematic Review. Semin Oncol Nurs 2021; 37:151211. [PMID: 34535344 DOI: 10.1016/j.soncn.2021.151211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review set out to identify the unique perceptions and experiences of care delivery among faith community nurses (FCNs). DATA SOURCES This review was conducted and has been reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The search was conducted using the following databases, Medline (OVID), EmCare for Nurses (OVID), PsycINFO (OVID), CINAHL (EBSCO), Cochrane, and PubMed. The search strategies included the use of truncations, adjacency search parameters, and Boolean operators using a range of key search terms. Predetermined eligibility criteria were applied to all studies. The review process was managed using Covidence systematic review software. Data extraction and quality assessment was conducted across all included studies. Data were analyzed using a narrative synthesis approach. CONCLUSION This review has made an important contribution by identifying the role that FCNs play in care delivery as trusted members of their communities who act as a conduit at the intersect of faith and health care. Irrespective of the location or faith denomination, what was common to FCNs was that they delivered care to address the physical, psychological, spiritual, congregational, communication, health system, and family-related needs of those in their care. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE The nurses represented in the included studies expressed concerns that patients experienced unmet supportive care needs because of a fragmented and highly complex existing health care system. Often, FCNs provided a valuable contribution in supporting patients in their care pathways and facilitated continuity of care among people who lived with preexisting comorbidities and who had complex health care needs. Further research is needed to understand the role that faith community nursing models might have in cancer care from the perspective of patients and other members of the multidisciplinary team across different international contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Paterson
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia; Prehabilitation, Activity, Cancer, Exercise and Survivorship (PACES) Research Group, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia; School of Nursing, Midwifery and Public Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia; Canberra Health Services & ACT Health, SYNERGY Nursing & Midwifery Research Centre, ACT Health Directorate Level 3, Canberra Hospital, Australia; Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
| | - Eric Owusu
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia; Prehabilitation, Activity, Cancer, Exercise and Survivorship (PACES) Research Group, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
| | - John Rolley
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia; School of Nursing, Midwifery and Public Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia; Canberra Health Services & ACT Health, SYNERGY Nursing & Midwifery Research Centre, ACT Health Directorate Level 3, Canberra Hospital, Australia
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Yeary KHK, Alcaraz KI, Ashing KT, Chiu C, Christy SM, Felsted KF, Lu Q, Lumpkins CY, Masters KS, Newton RL, Park CL, Shen MJ, Silfee VJ, Yanez B, Yi J. Considering religion and spirituality in precision medicine. Transl Behav Med 2021; 10:195-203. [PMID: 31294809 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibz105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The emerging era of precision medicine (PM) holds great promise for patient care by considering individual, environmental, and lifestyle factors to optimize treatment. Context is centrally important to PM, yet, to date, little attention has been given to the unique context of religion and spirituality (R/S) and their applicability to PM. R/S can support and reinforce health beliefs and behaviors that affect health outcomes. The purpose of this article is to discuss how R/S can be considered in PM at multiple levels of context and recommend strategies for integrating R/S in PM. We conducted a descriptive, integrative literature review of R/S at the individual, institutional, and societal levels, with the aim of focusing on R/S factors with a high level of salience to PM. We discuss the utility of considering R/S in the suitability and uptake of PM prevention and treatment strategies by providing specific examples of how R/S influences health beliefs and practices at each level. We also propose future directions in research and practice to foster greater understanding and integration of R/S to enhance the acceptability and patient responsiveness of PM research approaches and clinical practices. Elucidating the context of R/S and its value to PM can advance efforts toward a more whole-person and patient-centered approach to improve individual and population health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chungyi Chiu
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Qian Lu
- University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Crystal Y Lumpkins
- School of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | | | | | | | - Megan J Shen
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, NY, USA
| | | | - Betina Yanez
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jean Yi
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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Camara C, Rosengarten L. Faith-sensitive end of life care for children, young people and their families. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 30:276-279. [PMID: 33733844 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2021.30.5.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This article is part of an at a glance series on palliation and end of life care in paediatrics and focuses on the provision of faith-sensitive end of life care. Particular religions are discussed, with some key points for care of patients from some of the most prevalent religions within the UK. This article is intended to give points for discussion and consideration, but health professionals are encouraged to speak to every patient and family on an individual level to ensure an understanding of their personal beliefs. Although there is a range of literature discussing faith during end-of-life care, there is litte that outlines the practical specifics and for this reason some of the supporting literature in this article is dated and, where possible, this has been supported with contemporary sources.
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Cureau N, Threlfall R, Savin M, Marasini D, Lavefve L, Carbonero F. Year, Location, and Variety Impact on Grape-, Soil-, and Leaf-Associated Fungal Microbiota of Arkansas-Grown Table Grapes. Microb Ecol 2021; 82:73-86. [PMID: 33515050 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-021-01698-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
With the recent advancement of next-generation sequencing methods, there has been an increase in studies on identification of vineyard microbiota, winery-associated microbiota, and microbiota in wine fermentation. However, there have been few studies investigating the fungal microbiota of table grapes which present distinct spoilage and food safety challenges. The aims of this study were to identify and compare the impact of year, variety, and vineyard location on grape, leaf, and soil fungal communities of two varieties of table grapes, Faith and Gratitude, grown in two open-air vineyards and one high tunnel vineyard. The grape, leaf, and soil mycobiota were analyzed using high throughput amplicon sequencing of the ITS region. The sampling year and location of table grapes had an impact on grape, leaf, and soil mycobiota. Fungal diversity of grape, leaf, and soil was greater in 2017 than in 2016. Grape and leaf samples presented strong similarities in fungal communities with abundance of Sporidiobolaceae and Filobasidium in two vineyards and Cladosporium in another one. The high tunnel structure had distinct grape and leaf fungal communities compared to the two other vineyard locations. Mortierella was the predominant genus (27%) in soil samples for the three locations; however, genera of lower abundance varied between locations. These results provide extensive description of fungal communities in less-studied table grape vineyards and high tunnels, providing useful insight of potential threats and preventive strategies to help improve the production and marketability of table grapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Cureau
- Food Science Department, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Renee Threlfall
- Food Science Department, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Mary Savin
- Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences Department, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Daya Marasini
- Food Science Department, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Laura Lavefve
- Food Science Department, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Franck Carbonero
- Food Science Department, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA.
- Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA.
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA.
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Ndlovu-Teijema MT, Kok MO, van Elsland SL, Smeets H, Barstow D, van Rooyen L, van Furth AM. Setting the global research agenda for community-based HIV service delivery through the faith sector. Health Res Policy Syst 2021; 19:81. [PMID: 34001142 PMCID: PMC8127184 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-021-00718-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While leading AIDS organizations expect faith and health collaborations to play a crucial role in organizing and scaling up community-based HIV services, it is unclear how this can be realized. Little primary research has been conducted into which strategies for collaboration and service provision are most effective, efficient, scalable and sustainable. Seeking to align research with urgent needs, enhance coordination and increase the likelihood that results are used, this study aimed to set an inclusive global research agenda that reflects priority research questions from key stakeholders at the intersection of HIV healthcare and faith. METHODS In order to develop this global research agenda, we drew from document analyses, focus group discussions, interviews with purposively selected key informants from all continents (policy-makers, healthcare providers, faith leaders, academics and HIV activists), an online questionnaire, and expert meetings at several global conferences. We carried out focus group discussions and interviews with faith leaders in South Africa. Other stakeholder focus groups and interviews were carried out online or in person in France, Switzerland, the Netherlands and South Africa, and virtual questionnaires were distributed to stakeholders worldwide. Respondents were purposively sampled. RESULTS We interviewed 53 participants, and 110 stakeholders responded to the online questionnaire. The participants worked in 54 countries, with the majority having research experience (84%), experience with policy processes (73%) and/or experience as a healthcare provider (60%) and identifying as religious (79%). From interviews (N = 53) and questionnaires (N = 110), we identified 10 research themes: addressing sexuality, stigma, supporting specific populations, counselling and disclosure, agenda-setting, mobilizing and organizing funding, evaluating faith-health collaborations, advantage of faith initiatives, gender roles, and education. Respondents emphasized the need for more primary research and prioritized two themes: improving the engagement of faith communities in addressing sexuality and tackling stigma. CONCLUSIONS A wide range of respondents participated in developing the research agenda. To align research to the prioritized themes and ensure that results are used, it is essential to further engage key users, funders, researchers and other stakeholders, strengthen the capacity for locally embedded research and research uptake and contextualize priorities to diverse religious traditions, key populations and local circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha T Ndlovu-Teijema
- Desmond and Leah Tutu Legacy Foundation, Cape Town, South Africa. .,Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, AI&II, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Maarten O Kok
- Erasmus School of Health Policy and Management at Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Health Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine L van Elsland
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Tygerberg Hospital, Stellenbosch, University, Cape Town, South Africa.,MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Hilleen Smeets
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, AI&II, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David Barstow
- HIV and AIDS in 2030: A Choice Between Two Futures 2019, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | | | - A M van Furth
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, AI&II, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Abstract
The main purpose of the current study is to investigate the perceptions of individuals' living in Turkey during the COVID-19 pandemic through metaphor analysis. The current study employed the descriptive phenomenological design, one of the qualitative research methods. A total of 210 individuals living in Turkey (114 females (68.6%) and 66 males (31.4%)) participated in the current study through an online questionnaire on a voluntary basis. As the data collection tool, the online questionnaire form developed by the researchers was used. The collected data were analyzed within the framework of five-stage metaphor analysis. As a result of the analysis, a total of seven metaphor categories called being restricted, restlessness, uncertainty/obscurity, deadly/dangerous, struggling, faith/destiny, and supernatural were obtained. These categories were subsumed under three themes called "anxiety/concern, risk, and faith".
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Gök
- Department of Psychological Counselling and Guidance, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, 51200 Nıgde, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Kara
- Department of Psychological Counselling and Guidance, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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Abstract
De COVID-19-crisis en de intelligente lockdown hebben ertoe geleid dat het Nederlandse zorgsysteem maandenlang voor niet-COVID-patiënten op slot kwam te zitten. Patiënten durfden of konden niet naar hun huisarts, huisartsen waren terughoudend met doorverwijzingen naar het ziekenhuis en de zorg- en diagnostische processen werden vertraagd of aangepast. Dit gold ook voor kankerpatiënten. Hoe ernstig deze onderdiagnostiek is voor de prognose van de kankerpatiënt, hangt vooral af van kenmerken van de betreffende soorten kanker. In dit onderzoek hebben we de onderdiagnostiek in kaart gebracht met behulp van gegevens uit de Nederlandse Kankerregistratie en het Pathologisch-Anatomisch Landelijk Geautomatiseerd Archief. Vanaf de week waarin de eerste COVID-19-patiënt in Nederland werd gediagnosticeerd, is een daling van 20–40% in het aantal kankerdiagnoses te zien. De daling geldt voor vrijwel alle tumorsoorten, ook voor kankers waarbij het niet tijdig stellen van de diagnose levensbedreigend is, zoals bij patiënten met kanker in de luchtwegen (gemiddeld 23%) en het hoofd-halsgebied (gemiddeld 36%), en bij hematologie (gemiddeld 26%). Er moet meer aandacht komen voor de gesignaleerde onderdiagnostiek en de rol van de eerstelijnszorgverleners, zoals huisartsen en tandartsen. Daarbij is het zeer belangrijk dat patiënten altijd het vertrouwen houden dat ze bij klachten hun zorgverlener kunnen raadplegen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carin A Uyl-de Groot
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, institute for Medical Technology Assessment, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Nederland
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Kowalczyk O, Roszkowski K, Montane X, Pawliszak W, Tylkowski B, Bajek A. Religion and Faith Perception in a Pandemic of COVID-19. J Relig Health 2020; 59:2671-2677. [PMID: 33044598 PMCID: PMC7549332 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-020-01088-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted religion and faith in different ways. Numerous restrictions have been implemented worldwide. Believers are in conflict with authorities' warnings that gatherings must be limited to combat the spread of the virus. Religion has always played a role of the balm for the soul, and the regular religious participation is associated with better emotional health outcomes. In our study, we examined whether the exposure to COVID-19 enhances the faith. The instrument used was a survey verifying the power of spirituality in the face of the coronavirus pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliwia Kowalczyk
- Research and Education Unit for Communication in Healthcare, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, M. Curie Sklodowskiej St. 9, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Roszkowski
- Department of Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Romanowskiej St. 2, 85-796, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Xavier Montane
- Departament de Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, Campus Sescelades, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Wojciech Pawliszak
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, M. Curie Sklodowskiej St. 9, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Bartosz Tylkowski
- Chemical Technologies Unit, Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Marcellí Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Anna Bajek
- Department of Tissue Engineering Chair of Urology and Andrology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Karlowicza St. 24, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
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Arce MA, Kumar JL, Kuperminc GP, Roche KM. " Tenemos que ser la voz": Exploring Resilience among Latina/o Immigrant Families in the Context of Restrictive Immigration Policies and Practices. Int J Intercult Relat 2020; 79:106-120. [PMID: 32943805 PMCID: PMC7491871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Research investigating associations between immigration policies and practices and indicators of mental health among Latina/o immigrant families has identified a number of risk factors for this population, such as family separation. The role of protective factors tied to the mental health of Latina/o immigrants, however, often has been neglected. This study explored internal and external sources of resilience that may protect Latina/o immigrant families against the potentially negative effects of restrictive immigration policies and practices on psychological well-being. Six focus groups (N = 50) were conducted with Latina/o immigrant parents of varying residency statuses (i.e., undocumented, permanent residents, Temporary Protected Status beneficiaries, and U.S. citizens). Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Three themes were identified: Social Support, Faith, and Civic Commitment and Action. Across groups, Latina/o parents referenced family, peer, and community support, as well as their spiritual faith and involvement in advocacy efforts as coping mechanisms. Overall, results suggest that Latina/o immigrant parents of varying residency statuses rely on both internal and external sources of resilience to protect themselves and their families when navigating restrictive immigration policies and practices. This research is particularly timely in light of the increasingly restrictive nature of immigration policies in the U.S. and the growing literature on the influence these may have on immigrant wellbeing. Intervention efforts should build upon existing strengths, such as providing opportunities for Latina/o immigrant families to participate in political activism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Alejandra Arce
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, 140 Decatur St., Atlanta, GA
| | - Jessica L. Kumar
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, 140 Decatur St., Atlanta, GA
| | - Gabriel P. Kuperminc
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, 140 Decatur St., Atlanta, GA
| | - Kathleen M. Roche
- Department of Prevention & Community Health, George Washington University, 950 New Hampshire Ave, Washington, D.C
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Jayne M, Williams A. Faith-based alcohol treatment in England and Wales: New evidence for policy and practice. Health Place 2020; 66:102457. [PMID: 33120067 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
While the historical importance of religion in alcohol treatment is well known, the size, scope and significance of contemporary activities remain unclear. Here we begin to address this gap in knowledge by presenting results from a mixed methods study of faith-based alcohol treatment in England and Wales. The paper begins by mapping location, religious affiliation, organisational structure and service provision. We then discuss evidence regarding challenges, opportunities and tensions bound up with faith-based organisations 'filling gaps' left by long term restructuring of alcohol service provision, recent 'austerity' funding cuts and relationships between secular and faith-based organisations. In the final substantive section, we engage with questions of ethics and care by focusing on the internal workings of a subset of faith-based programs that make requirements for religious participation. Drawing on the variegated experiences of service-users, we reflect on the ethics of religious conversion in faith-based alcohol treatment. The conclusion offers policy and practice relevant insights and outlines areas for future research on religion, austerity, and alcohol treatment.
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Le Roux E, Corboz J, Scott N, Sandilands M, Lele UB, Bezzolato E, Jewkes R. Engaging with faith groups to prevent VAWG in conflict-affected communities: results from two community surveys in the DRC. BMC Int Health Hum Rights 2020; 20:27. [PMID: 33028305 PMCID: PMC7539417 DOI: 10.1186/s12914-020-00246-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background An evaluation was conducted of a three-year intervention focused on violence against women and girls (VAWG) and implemented in the conflict-affected north-east of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), a country with high rates of VAWG. The intervention addressed VAWG, and especially sexual violence, by specifically engaging with communities of faith and their leaders. Methods Two community surveys were conducted, one before and one after the intervention, in three health areas in Ituri Province in the DRC. At both baseline and endline, data was collected from male and female members of randomly selected households in 15 villages (five per health area) in which the intervention was being implemented. At baseline the sample comprised 751 respondents (387 women, 364 men) and at endline 1198 respondents (601 women, 597 men). Questionnaires were interviewer-administered, with sensitive questions related to experience or perpetration of violence self-completed by participants. Results The study showed significantly more equitable gender attitudes and less tolerance for IPV at endline. Positive attitude change was not limited to those actively engaged within faith communities, with a positive shift across the entire community in terms of gender attitudes, rape myths and rape stigma scores, regardless of level of faith engagement. There was a significant decline in all aspects of IPV in the communities who experienced the intervention. While the experience and perpetration of IPV reported at endline did not track with exposure to the intervention, it is plausible that in a context where social norm change was sought, the impact of the intervention on those exposed could have had an impact on the behaviour of the unexposed. Conclusion This intervention was premised on the assumption that faith leaders and faith communities are a key entry point into an entire community, able to influence an entire community. Research has affirmed this assumption and engaging with faith leaders and faith communities can thus be a strategic intervention strategy. While we are confident of the link between the social norms change and faith engagement and project exposure, the link between IPV reduction and faith engagement and project exposure needs more research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Le Roux
- Stellenbosch University, 171 Dorp Street, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, 7600, South Africa.
| | | | - Nigel Scott
- Gamos Ltd., Crown House, 231 Kings Road, Reading, RG1 4LS, UK
| | | | | | | | - Rachel Jewkes
- South African Medical Research Council, 1 Soutpansberg Road, Pretoria, South Africa
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Strang A, O'Brien O, Sandilands M, Horn R. Help-seeking, trust and intimate partner violence: social connections amongst displaced and non-displaced Yezidi women and men in the Kurdistan region of northern Iraq. Confl Health 2020; 14:61. [PMID: 32874200 PMCID: PMC7456008 DOI: 10.1186/s13031-020-00305-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Conflict and displacement impact the social fabric of communities through the disruption of social connections and the erosion of trust. Effective humanitarian assistance requires understanding the social capital that shapes patterns of help-seeking in these circumstances - especially with stigmatised issues such as violence against women (VAW) and intimate partner violence (IPV). Methods A novel social mapping methodology was adopted amongst a Yezidi population displaced by ISIS (ISIS: Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, locally known as Da’esh) occupation and a neighbouring settled Yezidi population in the Kurdistan region of northern Iraq in late 2016. Six participatory workshops were conducted to identify available resources with respect to: meeting basic needs, dispute resolution and VAW. Subsequently, 51 individual interviews were conducted (segmented by gender and settlement status) to identify connectedness to, and trust in, the resources identified, with a focus on IPV against women. Results 90% of participants reported God as a key source of help in the previous 6 months, representing the most widely cited resource. Following God, the most accessed and trusted resources were family and community, with NGO (non-governmental organisation) provision being the least. Women drew more strongly upon familial resources than men (Χ2 = 5.73, df = 1, p = 0.017). There was reduced trust in resources in relation to seeking help with IPV. A distinction between trust to provide emotional support and trust to resolve issues was identified. Settled women were 1.6 times more likely to trust community members and government services and 3.7 times more likely to trust NGOs than displaced women. Conclusions Mapping social connections and trust provides valuable insight into the social capital available to support help-seeking in populations of humanitarian concern. For these Yezidi populations, family, religious and community resources were the most widely utilised and trusted. Trust was mostly reserved for family and their main religious leader regarding IPV against women. Lack of trust appeared to be a major barrier to stronger engagement with available NGO provision, particularly amongst displaced women. The role of faith and religious resources for this population is clearly significant, and warrants an explicitly faith-sensitive approach to humanitarian assistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Strang
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Oonagh O'Brien
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Maggie Sandilands
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rebecca Horn
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, UK
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Abstract
The vocational call to being a physician has been one of the greatest honors and blessings of my life. As a Catholic physician, being a direct extension of the healing hands of our Lord is something this is not easily translated into words. I reflect on two cases that remind me of this great calling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macy Rupprecht
- Catholic Medical Association, Fort Washington, PA, USA.,Eastern Shore Rural Health, Onley, VA, USA
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Merry SP, Havyer RD, McCoy RG, Elrashidi MY, Fischer PR. How can physicians advise faith communities during the COVID-19 pandemic? Travel Med Infect Dis 2020; 38:101762. [PMID: 32497766 PMCID: PMC7263240 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P Merry
- Department of Family Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Rachel D Havyer
- Division of Community Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Rozalina G McCoy
- Division of Community Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Muhamad Y Elrashidi
- Division of Community Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Philip R Fischer
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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Abstract
In this article, we examine the influence of religion on health and life satisfaction while controlling for an extensive range of demographic characteristics and life conditions-marital satisfaction, job satisfaction, financial stress, and social resources-using data drawn from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey. Our findings suggest that, on average, high levels of faith and attendance at religious services are associated with lower health. In contrast, however, we find no relationship between high levels of faith, attendance, and life satisfaction. Further research is required to unravel how faith and attendance influence health and life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael A Kortt
- School of Business and Tourism, Southern Cross University, Gold Coast Campus, Locked Bag 4, Coolangatta, QLD, 4255, Australia.
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McCann E, Donohue G, Timmins F. An Exploration of the Relationship Between Spirituality, Religion and Mental Health Among Youth Who Identify as LGBT+: A Systematic Literature Review. J Relig Health 2020; 59:828-844. [PMID: 32052279 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-020-00989-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in addressing spirituality in health care with evidence emerging that personal spiritual and religious practices, and support of these, can influence mental health in a positive way. However, there can be distinct challenges to spiritual expression and mental health issues for youth who identify as LGBT+. The goal of this paper was to undertake a systematic review of the available evidence to investigate the relationship between mental health, spirituality and religion as experienced by LGBT+ youth. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using medical and psychological databases that focused on spirituality, mental health and LGBT+ youth. The search yielded a total of ten articles published in English between May 2008 and June 2018. The key findings highlighted issues around discriminatory attitudes, shame related to disclosure, spirituality as a supportive resource, internalised conflict and external factors around sexual orientation concerns. The psychological, social and health implications are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward McCann
- The School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College, 24 D'Olier St, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Gráinne Donohue
- The School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College, 24 D'Olier St, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Fiona Timmins
- The School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College, 24 D'Olier St, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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Abstract
This article is based on a longitudinal study of Indian Americans devoted to a guru tradition, aiming to explore how faith contributes to their mental well-being. Respondent sample size at phase 1 (2003-2004) was 1872 and at phase 2 (2013-2014) was 1764. Two scales were used to measure faith maturity and well-being. Results showed that phase 2 well-being scores of the devotees were higher, influenced by faith maturity and engagement regularity, thereby corroborating the faith-religiosity-well-being link, further reinforced by the structural equation model. Faith emerges as critical variable in working with this cohort and planning interventions towards promoting their well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samta P Pandya
- Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Deonar, Mumbai, 400088, India.
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McLean H. No Strings Attached: Faith Divested of Reciprocity. J Pastoral Care Counsel 2019; 73:253-254. [PMID: 31829124 DOI: 10.1177/1542305019878628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A mature faith, as exemplified by David, confirmed by Jesus, and explained by Gerkin, is one that is not contingent on a preferred outcome: there is no positive or negative reciprocal altruism with God. God does not reward good behavior nor does God punish poor behavior. A mature faith is not one that expects the present to continue into the future, but one that trusts God's contingent providence in the future.
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Lanzi RG, Footman AP, Jackson E, Araya BY, Ott C, Sterling RD, Davis TR, Kaiser KA. Love with No Exceptions: A Statewide Faith-Based, University-Community Partnership for Faith-Based HIV Training and Assessment of Needs in the Deep South. AIDS Behav 2019; 23:2936-2945. [PMID: 31321638 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-019-02604-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This project established a faith-based, university-community partnership with the African Methodist Episcopal (AME) church in Alabama to develop a statewide training model to address HIV knowledge and stigma, promote discussion and generate action plans to address HIV in the Deep South. A community-engaged research team consisting of church leadership and university researchers developed and implemented the model, "Love with No Exceptions." Mixed methods were used to evaluate the model delivered in 3-h sessions in five state regions (N = 146 clergy and laity). The majority of participants reported feeling better prepared to serve those living with or affected by HIV and would implement education and awareness activities in their churches. Participants' HIV knowledge increased from pre- to post-training. Stigma-related attitudes showed minor changes from baseline. These results reflect that partnerships between academic institutions and churches can deliver promising steps towards impactful HIV education in the Deep South.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin G Lanzi
- Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, 227 Ryals School of Public Health Building, Birmingham, AL, 35924, USA.
- Center for AIDS Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA.
| | - Alison P Footman
- Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, 227 Ryals School of Public Health Building, Birmingham, AL, 35924, USA
- Center for AIDS Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Edward Jackson
- Center for AIDS Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Brook Y Araya
- Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, 227 Ryals School of Public Health Building, Birmingham, AL, 35924, USA
- Center for AIDS Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Corilyn Ott
- Center for AIDS Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Ronald D Sterling
- Center for AIDS Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Alabama Ninth Episcopal District of the African Methodist Episcopal Church, Birmingham, USA
| | - Tammy R Davis
- Center for AIDS Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Alabama Ninth Episcopal District of the African Methodist Episcopal Church, Birmingham, USA
| | - Kathryn A Kaiser
- Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, 227 Ryals School of Public Health Building, Birmingham, AL, 35924, USA
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Abstract
This study reviews the voluminous empirical evidence on faith's contribution to preventing people from falling victim to substance abuse and helping them recover from it. We find that 73% of addiction treatment programs in the USA include a spirituality-based element, as embodied in the 12-step programs and fellowships initially popularized by Alcoholics Anonymous, the vast majority of which emphasize reliance on God or a Higher Power to stay sober. We introduce and flesh out a typology of faith-based substance abuse treatment facilities, recovery programs, and support groups. This typology provides important background as we then move on to make an economic valuation of nearly 130,000 congregation-based substance abuse recovery support programs in the USA. We find that these faith-based volunteer support groups contribute up to $316.6 billion in savings to the US economy every year at no cost to tax payers. While negative experiences with religion (e.g., clergy sex abuse and other horrendous examples) have been a contributory factor to substance abuse among some victims, given that more than 84% of scientific studies show that faith is a positive factor in addiction prevention or recovery and a risk in less than 2% of the studies reviewed, we conclude that the value of faith-oriented approaches to substance abuse prevention and recovery is indisputable. And, by extension, we also conclude that the decline in religious affiliation in the USA is not only a concern for religious organizations but constitutes a national health concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Grim
- Institute for Studies of Religion, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97236, Waco, TX 76798 USA
| | - Melissa E. Grim
- Religious Freedom & Business Foundation, 1A Perry Circle, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA
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Braga DPDAF, Melamed RMM, Setti AS, Zanetti BF, Figueira RDCS, Iaconelli A, Borges E. Role of religion, spirituality, and faith in assisted reproduction. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol 2019; 40:195-201. [PMID: 29873289 DOI: 10.1080/0167482x.2018.1470163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of the patient's faith, religion, and spirituality on the outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. Materials and methods: Eight hundred and seventy-seven patients received a questionnaire containing information on faith, religiosity, and spirituality and the results of the questionnaires were correlated with ICSI outcomes. Patients stated to be Catholic (n = 476), spiritists (n = 93), Evangelical (n = 118), and other religion (n = 32), and 78 did not identify with any religious group. Results: A significant increase in fertilization, high-quality embryos, and pregnancy rate was found among Spiritists and Evangelicals. Patients who included the infertility diagnosis and treatment in their prayers showed an increased pregnancy rate, and those who reported their faith to be affected by the infertility diagnosis presented a decreased high-quality embryos rate. The high-quality embryos rate was increased among patients who answered that their faith contributed to their decision to undergo infertility treatment. The cycle's cancelation was negatively correlated with the frequency of religious meetings, and the frequency of prayers was positively correlated with the response to ovarian stimulation. Finally, belief in treatment success positively influenced the embryo quality. Conclusion: The findings suggest that spirituality plays a role in adjusting the psychological aspects of an infertile patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Paes de Almeida Ferreira Braga
- a Fertility Medical Group , São Paulo , SP , Brazil.,b Instituto Sapientiae - Centro de Estudos e Pesquisa em Reprodução Assistida , São Paulo , SP , Brazil
| | | | - Amanda Souza Setti
- a Fertility Medical Group , São Paulo , SP , Brazil.,b Instituto Sapientiae - Centro de Estudos e Pesquisa em Reprodução Assistida , São Paulo , SP , Brazil
| | - Bianca Ferrarini Zanetti
- b Instituto Sapientiae - Centro de Estudos e Pesquisa em Reprodução Assistida , São Paulo , SP , Brazil
| | | | - Assumpto Iaconelli
- a Fertility Medical Group , São Paulo , SP , Brazil.,b Instituto Sapientiae - Centro de Estudos e Pesquisa em Reprodução Assistida , São Paulo , SP , Brazil
| | - Edson Borges
- a Fertility Medical Group , São Paulo , SP , Brazil.,b Instituto Sapientiae - Centro de Estudos e Pesquisa em Reprodução Assistida , São Paulo , SP , Brazil
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Abstract
Objectives To examine physical activity (PA) levels, and how sociocultural factors, acculturation, self-efficacy and religion influence PA levels of Arab Muslim mothers of young children living in the United States. Participants and Setting Arab Muslim mothers of young children (aged <5 years) living in the United States (N=447). Variables Measured PA levels, sociocultural and religious barriers to PA, self-efficacy, strength of religious faith, and acculturation. Results Barriers to PA included dress code and negative perception of women who engaged in PA, lack of motivation and stress, and responsibilities. Barriers and self-efficacy significantly influenced PA levels (P<.001) but strength of religious faith and acculturation did not. Conclusions Confirmation of the relations among self-efficacy, barriers and PA levels among Arab Muslim mothers of young children in the United States may help professionals tailor culturally sensitive interventions to combat obesity and other chronic diseases among this growing population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Eldoumi
- Department of Health Sciences, Rogers State University, Claremore, OK
| | - Gail Gates
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK
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