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Wu N, Liu G, Zhang M, Wang Y, Peng W, Qu X. Spatial Factors Outperform Local Environmental and Geo-Climatic Variables in Structuring Multiple Facets of Stream Macroinvertebrates' β-Diversity. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12192648. [PMID: 36230389 PMCID: PMC9558512 DOI: 10.3390/ani12192648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary One of the key targets of community ecology and biogeography concerns revealing the variability and underlying drivers of biodiversity. Most current studies understand biodiversity based on taxonomic information alone. Our study was based on macroinvertebrates from 179 stream sampling sites in the Hun-Tai River Basin in Northeastern China. The correlation of different facets of β-diversity was compared while revealing the relative contribution of multiple abiotic factors (i.e., local environmental, geo-climatic, and spatial factors) to shaping β-diversity based on taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic information. The results showed that functional β-diversity provides important complementary information to taxonomic and phylogenetic β-diversity. Moreover, spatial factors outperform local environmental and geo-climatic variables in structuring multiple facets of stream macroinvertebrates’ β-diversity. Our study provides guidance for future conservation studies of watershed biodiversity, as well as implications for future studies of β-diversity. Abstract One of the key targets of community ecology and biogeography concerns revealing the variability and underlying drivers of biodiversity. Most current studies understand biodiversity based on taxonomic information alone, but few studies have shown the relative contributions of multiple abiotic factors in shaping biodiversity based on taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic information. We collected 179 samples of macroinvertebrates in the Hun-Tai River Basin. We validated the complementarity between the three facets and components of β-diversity using the Mantel test. Distance-based redundancy analysis and variance partitioning were applied to explore the comparative importance of local environmental, geo-climatic, and spatial factors on each facet and component of β-diversity. Our study found that taxonomic and phylogenetic total β-diversity was mainly forced by turnover, while functional total β-diversity was largely contributed by nestedness. There is a strong correlation between taxonomic and phylogenetic β-diversity. However, the correlations of functional with both taxonomic and phylogenetic β-diversity were relatively weak. The findings of variation partitioning suggested that distinct facets and components of macroinvertebrates’ β-diversity were impacted by abiotic factors to varying degrees. The contribution of spatial factors was greater than that of the local environment and geo-climatic factors for taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic β-diversity. Thus, studying different facets and components of β-diversity allows a clearer comprehension of the influence of abiotic factors on diversity patterns. Therefore, future research should investigate patterns and mechanisms of β-diversity from taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naicheng Wu
- Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China or
| | - Guohao Liu
- Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China or
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
- Department of Water Ecology and Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Yixia Wang
- Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China or
| | - Wenqi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
- Department of Water Ecology and Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Xiaodong Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
- Department of Water Ecology and Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
- Correspondence:
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2
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de Angeli Dutra D, Belo N, Braga EM. Prevalence and richness of malaria and malaria-like parasites in wild birds from different biomes in South America. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13485. [PMID: 35611171 PMCID: PMC9124460 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
South America has different biomes with a high richness of wild bird species and Diptera vectors, representing an ideal place to study the influence of habitat on vector-borne parasites. In order to better understand how different types of habitats do or do not influence the prevalence of haemosporidians, we performed a new analysis of two published datasets comprising wild birds from the Brazilian Savanna (Cerrado) as well as wild birds from the Venezuelan Arid Zone. We investigated the prevalence and genetic diversity of haemosporidian parasites belonging to two genera: Plasmodium and Haemoproteus. We evaluated data from 676 wild birds from the Cerrado and observed an overall prevalence of 49%, whereas, in the Venezuelan Arid Zone, we analyzed data from 527 birds and found a similar overall prevalence of 43%. We recovered 44 lineages, finding Plasmodium parasites more prevalent in the Cerrado (15 Plasmodium and 12 Haemoproteus lineages) and Haemoproteus in the Venezuelan Arid Zone (seven Plasmodium and 10 Haemoproteus lineages). No difference was observed on parasite richness between the two biomes. We observed seven out of 44 haemosporidian lineages that are shared between these two distinct South American biomes. This pattern of parasite composition and prevalence may be a consequence of multiple factors, such as host diversity and particular environmental conditions, especially precipitation that modulate the vector's dynamics. The relationship of blood parasites with the community of hosts in large and distinct ecosystems can provide more information about what factors are responsible for the variation in the prevalence and diversity of these parasites in an environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nayara Belo
- Department of Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Erika M. Braga
- Department of Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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3
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High Blood Parasite Infection Rate and Low Fitness Suggest That Forest Water Bodies Comprise Ecological Traps for Pied Flycatchers. BIRDS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/birds3020014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood parasites are considered to have strong negative effects on host fitness. Negative fitness consequences may be associated with proximity to areas where blood parasite vectors reproduce. This study tested for relationships between haemosporidian infection prevalence, parasitemia, and fitness parameters of breeding Pied Flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) at different distances from forest water bodies. Prevalence and parasitemias (the intensity of infection) of haemosporidians and vector abundance generally decreased with increasing distance from forest lakes, streams, and bogs. Fledgling numbers were lower, and their condition was worse in the vicinity of water bodies, compared with those located one kilometer away from lakes and streams. At the beginning of the breeding season, adult body mass was not related to distance to the nearest water body, whereas at the end of the breeding season body mass was significantly lower closer to water bodies. Forest areas around water bodies may represent ecological traps for Pied Flycatchers. Installing nest boxes in the vicinity of forest water bodies creates unintended ecological traps that may have conservation implications.
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4
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Amaya-Mejia W, Dodge M, Morris B, Dumbacher JP, Sehgal RNM. Prevalence and diversity of avian haemosporidian parasites across islands of Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea. Parasitol Res 2022; 121:1621-1630. [PMID: 35362739 PMCID: PMC9098550 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-022-07490-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The taxonomically diverse and relatively understudied avifauna of Papua New Guinea’s (PNG) island archipelagos provide a unique ecological framework for studying haemosporidian parasite differentiation and geographic structure. We implemented molecular and phylogenetic analyses of partial mitochondrial DNA sequences to assess the host distribution of 3 genera of vector-transmitted avian blood parasites (Plasmodium, Leucocytozoon and Haemoproteus) across a range of islands off the southeastern tip of PNG. We identified 40 new lineages of haemosporidians, including five lineages belonging to Leucocytozoon, a genus not previously described in this region. Leucocytozoon infections were only observed on the larger, human-inhabited islands. Lineages belonging to Haemoproteus were diverse and had broad geographic distribution. Compared to the mainland, Haemoproteus parasites on the smaller, more distant islands had greater host specificity and lower infection prevalence. The black sunbird (Leptocoma aspasia), a commonly caught species, was shown to be a rare host for Haemoproteus spp. infections. Moreover, although birds of the genus Pitohui harbor a neurotoxin (homobatrachotoxin), they demonstrated an infection prevalence comparable to other bird species. The islands of PNG display heterogeneous patterns of haemosporidian diversity, distribution and host-specificity and serve as a valuable model system for studying host-parasite-vector interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilmer Amaya-Mejia
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA.
| | - Molly Dodge
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA
| | - Brett Morris
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA
| | - John P Dumbacher
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA.,California Academy of Sciences, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
| | - Ravinder N M Sehgal
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA
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5
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Contrasting drivers of diversity in hosts and parasites across the tropical Andes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2010714118. [PMID: 33731475 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2010714118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Geographic turnover in community composition is created and maintained by eco-evolutionary forces that limit the ranges of species. One such force may be antagonistic interactions among hosts and parasites, but its general importance is unknown. Understanding the processes that underpin turnover requires distinguishing the contributions of key abiotic and biotic drivers over a range of spatial and temporal scales. Here, we address these challenges using flexible, nonlinear models to identify the factors that underlie richness (alpha diversity) and turnover (beta diversity) patterns of interacting host and parasite communities in a global biodiversity hot spot. We sampled 18 communities in the Peruvian Andes, encompassing ∼1,350 bird species and ∼400 hemosporidian parasite lineages, and spanning broad ranges of elevation, climate, primary productivity, and species richness. Turnover in both parasite and host communities was most strongly predicted by variation in precipitation, but secondary predictors differed between parasites and hosts, and between contemporary and phylogenetic timescales. Host communities shaped parasite diversity patterns, but there was little evidence for reciprocal effects. The results for parasite communities contradicted the prevailing view that biotic interactions filter communities at local scales while environmental filtering and dispersal barriers shape regional communities. Rather, subtle differences in precipitation had strong, fine-scale effects on parasite turnover while host-community effects only manifested at broad scales. We used these models to map bird and parasite turnover onto the ecological gradients of the Andean landscape, illustrating beta-diversity hot spots and their mechanistic underpinnings.
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Barrow LN, Bauernfeind SM, Cruz PA, Williamson JL, Wiley DL, Ford JE, Baumann MJ, Brady SS, Chavez AN, Gadek CR, Galen SC, Johnson AB, Mapel XM, Marroquin-Flores RA, Martinez TE, McCullough JM, McLaughlin JE, Witt CC. Detecting turnover among complex communities using null models: a case study with sky-island haemosporidian parasites. Oecologia 2021; 195:435-451. [PMID: 33484348 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-021-04854-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Turnover in species composition between sites, or beta diversity, is a critical component of species diversity that is typically influenced by geography, environment, and biotic interactions. Quantifying turnover is particularly challenging, however, in multi-host, multi-parasite assemblages where undersampling is unavoidable, resulting in inflated estimates of turnover and uncertainty about its spatial scale. We developed and implemented a framework using null models to test for community turnover in avian haemosporidian communities of three sky islands in the southwestern United States. We screened 776 birds for haemosporidian parasites from three genera (Parahaemoproteus, Plasmodium, and Leucocytozoon) by amplifying and sequencing a mitochondrial DNA barcode. We detected infections in 280 birds (36.1%), sequenced 357 infections, and found a total of 99 parasite haplotypes. When compared to communities simulated from a regional pool, we observed more unique, single-mountain haplotypes and fewer haplotypes shared among three mountain ranges than expected, indicating that haemosporidian communities differ to some degree among adjacent mountain ranges. These results were robust even after pruning datasets to include only identical sets of host species, and they were consistent for two of the three haemosporidian genera. The two more distant mountain ranges were more similar to each other than the one located centrally, suggesting that the differences we detected were due to stochastic colonization-extirpation dynamics. These results demonstrate that avian haemosporidian communities of temperate-zone forests differ on relatively fine spatial scales between adjacent sky islands. Null models are essential tools for testing the spatial scale of turnover in complex, undersampled, and poorly known systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa N Barrow
- Museum of Southwestern Biology and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Selina M Bauernfeind
- Museum of Southwestern Biology and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Paxton A Cruz
- Museum of Southwestern Biology and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Jessie L Williamson
- Museum of Southwestern Biology and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Daniele L Wiley
- Museum of Southwestern Biology and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - John E Ford
- Museum of Southwestern Biology and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Matthew J Baumann
- Museum of Southwestern Biology and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Serina S Brady
- Museum of Southwestern Biology and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Andrea N Chavez
- Museum of Southwestern Biology and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Bureau of Land Management, Rio Puerco District Office, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Cibola National Forest and National Grasslands, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Chauncey R Gadek
- Museum of Southwestern Biology and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Spencer C Galen
- Department of Ornithology, Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Biology Department, University of Scranton, Scranton, PA, USA
| | - Andrew B Johnson
- Museum of Southwestern Biology and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Xena M Mapel
- Museum of Southwestern Biology and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Rosario A Marroquin-Flores
- Museum of Southwestern Biology and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, USA
| | - Taylor E Martinez
- Museum of Southwestern Biology and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pharmacology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jenna M McCullough
- Museum of Southwestern Biology and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Jade E McLaughlin
- Museum of Southwestern Biology and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Christopher C Witt
- Museum of Southwestern Biology and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
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7
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DE LA Torre GM, Campião KM. Bird habitat preferences drive hemoparasite infection in the Neotropical region. Integr Zool 2021; 16:755-768. [PMID: 33452842 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The role that the environment plays in vector-borne parasite infection is one of the central factors for understanding disease dynamics. We assessed how Neotropical bird foraging strata and habitat preferences determine infection by parasites of the genera Haemoproteus, Plasmodium, Leucocytozoon, and Trypanosoma and filarioids, and tested for phylogenetic signal in these host-parasite associations. We performed extensive searches of the scientific literature and created a database of hemoparasite surveys. We collected data on host body mass, foraging strata, habitat preference, and migratory status, and tested if host ecological traits predict each hemoparasite occurrence and prevalence using a phylogenetic Bayesian framework. Species of Plasmodium tend to infect birds from tropical forests while birds from altitudinal environments are likely to be infected by species of Leucocytozoon. The probability of a bird being infected by filarioid or Trypanosoma is higher in lowland forests. Bird species that occur in anthropic environments and dry habitats of tropical latitudes are more susceptible to infection by species of Haemoproteus. Host foraging strata is also influential and bird species that forage in the mid-high and canopy strata are more prone to infection by species of Haemoproteus and filarioids. We also identified phylogenetic signal for host-parasite associations with the probability of infection of Neotropical birds by any hemoparasite being more similar among more closely related species. We provided a useful framework to identify environments that correlate with hemoparasite infection, which is also helpful for detecting areas with potential suitability for hemoparasite infection due to land conversion and climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Massaccesi DE LA Torre
- Biological Interactions, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Karla Magalhães Campião
- Biological Interactions, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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Haemosporidian parasites of resident and wintering migratory birds in The Bahamas. Parasitol Res 2020; 119:1563-1572. [PMID: 32246260 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06646-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In temperate regions, some avian haemosporidian parasites have evolved seasonal transmission strategies, with chronic infections relapsing during spring and transmission peaking during the hosts' breeding season. Because lineages with seasonal transmission strategies are unlikely to produce gametocytes in winter, we predicted that (1) resident birds living within wintering areas of Neotropical migrants would unlikely be infected with North American parasite lineages; and (2) if infected, wintering migratory birds would be more likely to harbor Plasmodium spp. rather than Parahaemoproteus spp. or Haemoproteus spp. parasites in their bloodstreams, as only Plasmodium produces life stages, other than gametocytes, that infect red blood cells. To test these predictions, we used molecular detection and microscopy to compare the diversity and prevalence of haemosporidian parasites among year-round residents and wintering migratory birds during February 2016, on three islands of The Bahamas archipelago, i.e., Andros, Grand Bahama, and Great Abaco. Infection prevalence was low and comparable between migratory (15/111) and resident (15/129) individuals, and it did not differ significantly among islands. Out of the 12 lineages detected infecting migratory birds, five were transmitted in North America; four lineages could have been transmitted during breeding, wintering, or migration; and three lineages were likely transmitted in The Bahamas. Resident birds mostly carried lineages endemic to the Caribbean region. All North American-transmitted parasite lineages detected among migratory birds were Plasmodium spp. Our findings suggest that haemosporidian parasites of migrants shift resource allocation seasonally, minimizing the production of gametocytes during winter, with low risk of infection spillover to resident birds.
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9
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Gupta P, Vishnudas CK, Ramakrishnan U, Robin VV, Dharmarajan G. Geographical and host species barriers differentially affect generalist and specialist parasite community structure in a tropical sky-island archipelago. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20190439. [PMID: 31161909 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.0439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding why some parasites emerge in novel host communities while others do not has broad implications for human and wildlife health. In the case of haemosporidian blood parasites, epidemic wild bird mortalities on oceanic islands have been linked to Plasmodium spp., but not genera like Haemoproteus. Indeed, Haemoproteus is absent from many oceanic islands. By contrast, birds on continental islands share long coevolutionary histories with both Plasmodium and Haemoproteus, and are thus ideal model systems to elucidate eco-evolutionary endpoints associated with these parasites in oceanic islands. Here, we examine eco-evolutionary dynamics of avian haemosporidian in the Shola sky-island archipelago of the Western Ghats, India. Our analyses reveal that compared to Plasmodium, Haemoproteus lineages were highly host-specific and diversified via co-speciation with their hosts. We show that community structure of host-generalist Plasmodium was primarily driven by geographical factors (e.g. biogeographic barriers), while that of host-specialist Haemoproteus was driven by host species barriers (e.g. phylogenetic distance). Consequently, a few host species can harbour a high diversity of Plasmodium lineages which, in turn, are capable of infecting multiple host species. These two mechanisms can act in concert to increase the risk of introduction, establishment, and emergence of novel Plasmodium lineages in island systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Gupta
- 1 Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia , Aiken, SC , USA.,2 Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia , Athens, GA 30602 , USA
| | - C K Vishnudas
- 3 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Tirupati , Mangalam, Tirupati 517507 , India
| | - Uma Ramakrishnan
- 4 National Centre for Biological Sciences, TIFR , Bangalore 560065 , India
| | - V V Robin
- 3 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Tirupati , Mangalam, Tirupati 517507 , India
| | - Guha Dharmarajan
- 1 Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia , Aiken, SC , USA
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Fecchio A, Bell JA, Pinheiro RB, Cueto VR, Gorosito CA, Lutz HL, Gaiotti MG, Paiva LV, França LF, Toledo‐Lima G, Tolentino M, Pinho JB, Tkach VV, Fontana CS, Grande JM, Santillán MA, Caparroz R, Roos AL, Bessa R, Nogueira W, Moura T, Nolasco EC, Comiche KJ, Kirchgatter K, Guimarães LO, Dispoto JH, Marini MÂ, Weckstein JD, Batalha‐Filho H, Collins MD. Avian host composition, local speciation and dispersal drive the regional assembly of avian malaria parasites in South American birds. Mol Ecol 2019; 28:2681-2693. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.15094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alan Fecchio
- Laboratório de Evolução e Biogeografia Universidade Federal da Bahia Salvador Brazil
| | - Jeffrey A. Bell
- Department of Biology University of North Dakota Grand Forks North Dakota
| | - Rafael B.P. Pinheiro
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia Conservação e Manejo da Vida Silvestre, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - Victor R. Cueto
- Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica (CIEMEP) CONICET – Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco Esquel, Chubut Argentina
| | - Cristian A. Gorosito
- Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica (CIEMEP) CONICET – Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco Esquel, Chubut Argentina
| | - Holly L. Lutz
- Department of Surgery University of Chicago Chicago Illinios
- Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History Chicago Illinios
| | - Milene G. Gaiotti
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia Universidade de Brasília Brasília Brazil
| | - Luciana V. Paiva
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Populações Animais, Departamento de Biociências Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido Mossoró Brazil
| | - Leonardo F. França
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Populações Animais, Departamento de Biociências Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido Mossoró Brazil
| | - Guilherme Toledo‐Lima
- Laboratório de Ornitologia, Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Centro de Biociências Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Natal Brazil
| | - Mariana Tolentino
- Laboratório de Evolução e Comportamento Animal, Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Manaus Brazil
| | - João B. Pinho
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Aves Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Cuiabá Brazil
| | - Vasyl V. Tkach
- Department of Biology University of North Dakota Grand Forks North Dakota
| | - Carla S. Fontana
- Laboratório de Ornitologia, Museu de Ciências e Tecnologia e Programa de Pós‐graduação em Ecologia e Evolução da Biodiversidade PUCRS Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Juan Manuel Grande
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de La Pampa Santa Rosa Argentina
| | - Miguel A. Santillán
- División Zoología Museo de Historia Natural de la Provincia de La Pampa Santa Rosa Argentina
| | - Renato Caparroz
- Laboratório de Genética e Biodiversidade, Departamento de Genética e Morfologia Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasilia Brasília Brazil
| | - Andrei L. Roos
- Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade Florianópolis Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | | | - Wagner Nogueira
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Manejo e Conservação de Ecossistemas Naturais e Agrários, Universidade Federal de Viçosa Florestal Brazil
| | - Thiago Moura
- Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana Feira de Santana Brazil
| | - Erica C. Nolasco
- Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana Feira de Santana Brazil
| | - Kiba J.M. Comiche
- Núcleo de Estudos em Malária Superintendência de Controle de Endemias, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
| | - Karin Kirchgatter
- Núcleo de Estudos em Malária Superintendência de Controle de Endemias, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
| | - Lilian O. Guimarães
- Núcleo de Estudos em Malária Superintendência de Controle de Endemias, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
| | - Janice H. Dispoto
- Department of Ornithology Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Miguel Â. Marini
- Departamento de Zoologia Universidade de Brasília Brasília Brazil
| | - Jason D. Weckstein
- Department of Ornithology Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University Philadelphia Pennsylvania
- Department of Biodiversity, Earth, and Environmental Science Drexel University Philadelphia Pennsylvania
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Ecology, not distance, explains community composition in parasites of sky-island Audubon’s Warblers. Int J Parasitol 2019; 49:437-448. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Soares L, Marra P, Gray L, Ricklefs RE. The malaria parasite Plasmodium relictum in the endemic avifauna of eastern Cuba. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2017; 31:1477-1482. [PMID: 28766818 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Island populations are vulnerable to introduced pathogens, as evidenced by extinction or population decline of several endemic Hawaiian birds caused by the malaria parasite, Plasmodium relictum (order Haemosporida). We analyzed blood samples from 363 birds caught near Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, for the presence of haemosporidian infections. We characterized parasite lineages by determining nucleotide variation of the parasite's mitochondrial cyt b gene. Fifty-nine individuals were infected, and we identified 7 lineages of haemosporidian parasites. Fifty individuals were infected by 6 Haemoproteus sp. lineages, including a newly characterized lineage of Haem. (Parahaemoproteus) sp. CUH01. Nine individuals carried the P. relictum lineage GRW4, including 5 endemic Cuban Grassquits (Tiaris canorus) and 1 migratory Cape May Warbler (Setophaga tigrina). A sequence of the merozoite surface protein gene from one Cuban Grassquit infected with GRW4 matched that of the Hawaiian haplotype Pr9. Our results indicate that resident and migratory Cuban birds are infected with a malaria lineage that has severely affected populations of several endemic Hawaiian birds. We suggest GRW4 may be associated with the lack of several bird species on Cuba that are ubiquitous elsewhere in the West Indies. From the standpoint of avian conservation in the Caribbean Basin, it will be important to determine the distribution of haemosporidian parasites, especially P. relictum GRW4, in Cuba as well as the pathogenicity of this lineage in species that occur and are absent from Cuba.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Soares
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63121, U.S.A
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, 3507 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63103, U.S.A
| | - Peter Marra
- Migratory Bird Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, P.O. Box 37012, MRC 5516, Washington, D.C. 20013, U.S.A
| | - Lindsey Gray
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63121, U.S.A
| | - Robert E Ricklefs
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63121, U.S.A
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Host associations and turnover of haemosporidian parasites in manakins (Aves: Pipridae). Parasitology 2017; 144:984-993. [DOI: 10.1017/s0031182017000208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARYParasites of the genera Plasmodium and Haemoproteus (Apicomplexa: Haemosporida) are a diverse group of pathogens that infect birds nearly worldwide. Despite their ubiquity, the ecological and evolutionary factors that shape the diversity and distribution of these protozoan parasites among avian communities and geographic regions are poorly understood. Based on a survey throughout the Neotropics of the haemosporidian parasites infecting manakins (Pipridae), a family of Passerine birds endemic to this region, we asked whether host relatedness, ecological similarity and geographic proximity structure parasite turnover between manakin species and local manakin assemblages. We used molecular methods to screen 1343 individuals of 30 manakin species for the presence of parasites. We found no significant correlations between manakin parasite lineage turnover and both manakin species turnover and geographic distance. Climate differences, species turnover in the larger bird community and parasite lineage turnover in non-manakin hosts did not correlate with manakin parasite lineage turnover. We also found no evidence that manakin parasite lineage turnover among host species correlates with range overlap and genetic divergence among hosts. Our analyses indicate that host switching (turnover among host species) and dispersal (turnover among locations) of haemosporidian parasites in manakins are not constrained at this scale.
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14
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Factors affecting the distribution of haemosporidian parasites within an oceanic island. Int J Parasitol 2017; 47:225-235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Svensson‐Coelho M, Loiselle BA, Blake JG, Ricklefs RE. Resource predictability and specialization in avian malaria parasites. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:4377-91. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Svensson‐Coelho
- Department of Biology University of Missouri‐St Louis One University Boulevard St Louis MO 63121–4499 USA
| | - Bette A. Loiselle
- Department of Biology University of Missouri‐St Louis One University Boulevard St Louis MO 63121–4499 USA
| | - John G. Blake
- Department of Biology University of Missouri‐St Louis One University Boulevard St Louis MO 63121–4499 USA
| | - Robert E. Ricklefs
- Department of Biology University of Missouri‐St Louis One University Boulevard St Louis MO 63121–4499 USA
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16
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Warburton EM, Kohler SL, Vonhof MJ. Patterns of parasite community dissimilarity: the significant role of land use and lack of distance-decay in a bat-helminth system. OIKOS 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.02313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M. Warburton
- Dept of Biological Sciences; Western Michigan Univ.; 1903 West Michigan Avenue Kalamazoo MI 49008-5410 USA
| | - Steven L. Kohler
- Dept of Biological Sciences; Western Michigan Univ.; 1903 West Michigan Avenue Kalamazoo MI 49008-5410 USA
- Environmental and Sustainability Studies Program, Western Michigan Univ.; 1903 West Michigan Avenue Kalamazoo MI 49008-5410 USA
| | - Maarten J. Vonhof
- Dept of Biological Sciences; Western Michigan Univ.; 1903 West Michigan Avenue Kalamazoo MI 49008-5410 USA
- Environmental and Sustainability Studies Program, Western Michigan Univ.; 1903 West Michigan Avenue Kalamazoo MI 49008-5410 USA
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17
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Olsson-Pons S, Clark NJ, Ishtiaq F, Clegg SM. Differences in host species relationships and biogeographic influences produce contrasting patterns of prevalence, community composition and genetic structure in two genera of avian malaria parasites in southern Melanesia. J Anim Ecol 2015; 84:985-98. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Olsson-Pons
- Environmental Futures Research Institute and School of Environment; Griffith University; Gold Coast Campus Gold Coast Qld 4222 Australia
| | - Nicholas J. Clark
- Environmental Futures Research Institute and School of Environment; Griffith University; Gold Coast Campus Gold Coast Qld 4222 Australia
- Natural Environments Program; Queensland Museum; PO Box 3300 South Brisbane Qld 4101 Australia
| | - Farah Ishtiaq
- Centre for Ecological Sciences; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore Karnataka 560012 India
| | - Sonya M. Clegg
- Environmental Futures Research Institute and School of Environment; Griffith University; Gold Coast Campus Gold Coast Qld 4222 Australia
- Edward Grey Institute; Department of Zoology; University of Oxford; South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PS UK
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18
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Audet JN, Ducatez S, Lefebvre L. Morphological and Molecular Sexing of the Monochromatic Barbados Bullfinch,Loxigilla barbadensis. Zoolog Sci 2014; 31:687-91. [DOI: 10.2108/zs140025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Scordato ESC, Kardish MR. Prevalence and beta diversity in avian malaria communities: host species is a better predictor than geography. J Anim Ecol 2014; 83:1387-97. [PMID: 24810878 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Patterns of diversity and turnover in macroorganism communities can often be predicted from differences in habitat, phylogenetic relationships among species and the geographical scale of comparisons. In this study, we asked whether these factors also predict diversity and turnover in parasite communities. We studied communities of avian malaria in two sympatric, ecologically similar, congeneric host species at three different sites. We asked whether parasite prevalence and community structure varied with host population, host phylogeography or geographical distance. We used PCR to screen birds for infections and then used Bayesian methods to determine phylogenetic relationships among malaria strains. Metrics of both community and phylogenetic beta diversity were used to examine patterns of malaria strain turnover between host populations, and partial Mantel tests were used determine the correlation between malaria beta diversity and geographical distance. Finally, we developed microsatellite markers to describe the genetic structure of host populations and assess the relationship between host phylogeography and parasite beta diversity. We found that different genera of malaria parasites infect the two hosts at different rates. Within hosts, parasite communities in one population were phylogenetically clustered, but there was otherwise no correlation between metrics of parasite beta diversity and geographical or genetic distance between host populations. Patterns of parasite turnover among host populations are consistent with malaria transmission occurring in the winter rather than on the breeding grounds. Our results indicate greater turnover in parasite communities between different hosts than between different study sites. Differences in host species, as well as transmission location and vector ecology, seem to be more important in structuring malaria communities than the distance-decay relationships frequently found in macroorganisms. Determining the factors affecting parasite community diversity and turnover has wide-ranging implications for understanding the selective pressures shaping host ecology and ecosystem structure. This study shows that metrics of community and phylogenetic beta diversity can be useful tools for disentangling the ecological and evolutionary processes that underlie geographical variation in parasite communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S C Scordato
- Committee on Evolutionary Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Melissa R Kardish
- The College, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,Section of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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Cornuault J, Warren BH, Bertrand JAM, Milá B, Thébaud C, Heeb P. Timing and Number of Colonizations but Not Diversification Rates Affect Diversity Patterns in Hemosporidian Lineages on a Remote Oceanic Archipelago. Am Nat 2013; 182:820-33. [DOI: 10.1086/673724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Medeiros MCI, Hamer GL, Ricklefs RE. Host compatibility rather than vector-host-encounter rate determines the host range of avian Plasmodium parasites. Proc Biol Sci 2013; 280:20122947. [PMID: 23595266 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2012.2947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood-feeding arthropod vectors are responsible for transmitting many parasites between vertebrate hosts. While arthropod vectors often feed on limited subsets of potential host species, little is known about the extent to which this influences the distribution of vector-borne parasites in some systems. Here, we test the hypothesis that different vector species structure parasite-host relationships by restricting access of certain parasites to a subset of available hosts. Specifically, we investigate how the feeding patterns of Culex mosquito vectors relate to distributions of avian malaria parasites among hosts in suburban Chicago, IL, USA. We show that Plasmodium lineages, defined by cytochrome b haplotypes, are heterogeneously distributed across avian hosts. However, the feeding patterns of the dominant vectors (Culex restuans and Culex pipiens) are similar across these hosts, and do not explain the distributions of Plasmodium parasites. Phylogenetic similarity of avian hosts predicts similarity in their Plasmodium parasites. This effect was driven primarily by the general association of Plasmodium parasites with particular host superfamilies. Our results suggest that a mosquito-imposed encounter rate does not limit the distribution of avian Plasmodium parasites across hosts. This implies that compatibility between parasites and their avian hosts structure Plasmodium host range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C I Medeiros
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St Louis, One University Boulevard, St Louis, MO 63121-4499, USA.
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Avian haemosporidians in haematophagous insects in the Czech Republic. Parasitol Res 2012; 112:839-45. [PMID: 23224608 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-012-3204-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The degree to which avian haemosporidian parasites can exploit different vectors as a definitive host has ecological implications for their transmission and biogeography. Studies targeting haemosporidian parasites using precise molecular detection methods are almost lacking in Central Europe, however. Here, we utilized PCR-based molecular methods to detect avian haemosporidians in insect vectors in the Czech Republic. Nine lineages of parasites belonging to three genera, Haemoproteus, Plasmodium, and Leucocytozoon, were detected in pooled samples of insect individuals, of which three lineages had not yet been discovered in previous studies. All three Leucocytozoon lineages were found exclusively in black flies, while five Haemoproteus lineages were found in biting midges. The most abundant insect species Culicoides kibunensis harbored three Haemoproteus lineages, and the second-most numerous species Culicoides segnis even four. The positive mosquitoes of Culex pipiens complex hosted two parasite lineages, one Plasmodium and one Haemoproteus, the latter of which, however, could suggest the aberrant development of this parasite in an unusual invertebrate host. The co-occurrence of Haemoproteus ROFI1 and TURDUS2 lineages in both insects and birds at the same study plot suggests a transmission of these lineages during breeding season of birds.
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Linking metacommunity theory and symbiont evolutionary ecology. Trends Ecol Evol 2012; 27:323-9. [PMID: 22341499 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2012.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Revised: 01/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Processes that occur both within and between hosts can influence the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of symbionts, a broad term that includes parasitic and disease-causing organisms. Metacommunity theory can integrate these local- and regional-scale dynamics to explore symbiont community composition patterns across space. In this article I emphasize that symbionts should be incorporated into the metacommunity concept. I highlight the utility of metacommunity theory by discussing practical and general benefits that emerge from considering symbionts in a metacommunity framework. Specifically, investigating the local and regional drivers of symbiont community and metacommunity structure will lead to a more holistic understanding of symbiont ecology and evolution and could reveal novel insights into the roles of symbiont communities in mediating host health.
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Grillo EL, Fithian RC, Cross H, Wallace C, Viverette C, Reilly R, Mayer DCG. Presence of Plasmodium and Haemoproteus in Breeding Prothonotary Warblers (Protonotaria citrea: Parulidae): Temporal and Spatial Trends in Infection Prevalence. J Parasitol 2012; 98:93-102. [DOI: 10.1645/ge-2780.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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