1
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Frye GG, Lindberg MS, Merizon RA. Reduced breeding densities associated with spatially concentrated harvest of willow ptarmigan in Alaska. J Wildl Manage 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.22379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Graham G. Frye
- Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK 99707 USA
| | - Mark S. Lindberg
- Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK 99707 USA
| | - Richard A. Merizon
- Alaska Department of Fish and Game, 1801 S Margaret Drive Palmer AK 99645 USA
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2
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Wheeler ME, Barzen JA, Crimmins SM, Van Deelen TR. Population responses to harvest depend on harvest intensity, demographics, and mate replacement in sandhill cranes. Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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3
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Czuppon P, Blanquart F, Uecker H, Débarre F. The Effect of Habitat Choice on Evolutionary Rescue in Subdivided Populations. Am Nat 2021; 197:625-643. [PMID: 33989144 DOI: 10.1086/714034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractEvolutionary rescue is the process by which a population, in response to an environmental change, successfully avoids extinction through adaptation. In spatially structured environments, dispersal can affect the probability of rescue. Here, we model an environment consisting of patches that degrade one after another, and we investigate the probability of rescue by a mutant adapted to the degraded habitat. We focus on the effects of dispersal and of immigration biases. We identify up to three regions delimiting the effect of dispersal on the probability of evolutionary rescue: (i) starting from low dispersal rates, the probability of rescue increases with dispersal; (ii) at intermediate dispersal rates, it decreases; and (iii) at large dispersal rates, it increases again with dispersal, except if mutants are too counterselected in not-yet-degraded patches. The probability of rescue is generally highest when mutant and wild-type individuals preferentially immigrate into patches that have already undergone environmental change. Additionally, we find that mutants that will eventually rescue the population most likely first appear in nondegraded patches. Overall, our results show that habitat choice, compared with the often-studied unbiased immigration scheme, can substantially alter the dynamics of population survival and adaptation to new environments.
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4
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Green DM, McGuire LP, Vanderwel MC, Willis CKR, Noakes MJ, Bohn SJ, Green EN, Brigham RM. Local trends in abundance of migratory bats across 20 years. J Mammal 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyaa154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Hoary bats (Lasiurus cinereus) and silver-haired bats (Lasionycteris noctivagans) are species of conservation concern because of the documented annual mortality that occurs at wind energy facilities. Several recent studies have predicted continental-scale declines of hoary bat populations due to interactions with wind turbines. We predicted a decrease in captures at a summer site over 20 years where researchers have captured bats using generally consistent methods. We developed a hierarchical Bayesian model to estimate the relative change in the expected number of captures while controlling for time of year, temperature, and netting effort. We found no decrease in the number of captures for either species. We suggest that the lack of decrease observed at our study site may be a result of compensatory immigration, despite potential broader-scale population declines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana M Green
- Department of Biology, Laboratory Building LB109, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - Liam P McGuire
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Mark C Vanderwel
- Department of Biology, Laboratory Building LB248, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - Craig K R Willis
- Department of Biology and Centre for Forest Inter-Disciplinary Research (C-FIR), University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Matthew J Noakes
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence at the FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa
| | - Shelby J Bohn
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Eric N Green
- Department of Biology, Laboratory Building LB109, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - R Mark Brigham
- Department of Biology, Laboratory Building LB109, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
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5
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Medium and large mammal conservation in the City of Cape Town: factors influencing species richness in urban nature reserves. Urban Ecosyst 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-020-01027-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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6
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Gervasi V, Linnell JDC, Brøseth H, Gimenez O. Failure to coordinate management in transboundary populations hinders the achievement of national management goals: The case of wolverines in Scandinavia. J Appl Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Gervasi
- CEFECNRSUniversity of MontpellierUniversity Paul Valéry Montpellier 3EPHEIRDMontpellier Montpellier France
| | | | - Henrik Brøseth
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research Trondheim Norway
| | - Olivier Gimenez
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et EvolutiveUMR 5175Campus CNRS Montpellier Cedex 5 France
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7
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Melero Y, Cornulier T, Oliver MK, Lambin X. Ecological traps for large-scale invasive species control: Predicting settling rules by recolonising American mink post-culling. J Appl Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Melero
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Aberdeen; Aberdeen UK
| | - Thomas Cornulier
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Aberdeen; Aberdeen UK
| | | | - Xavier Lambin
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Aberdeen; Aberdeen UK
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8
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Sato M, Honda K, Uy WH, Baslot DI, Genovia TG, Nakamura Y, Bernardo LPC, Kurokochi H, Pantallano ADS, Lian C, Nadaoka K, Nakaoka M. Marine protected area restricts demographic connectivity: Dissimilarity in a marine environment can function as a biological barrier. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:7859-7871. [PMID: 29043040 PMCID: PMC5632639 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The establishment of marine protected areas (MPAs) can often lead to environmental differences between MPAs and fishing zones. To determine the effects on marine dispersal of environmental dissimilarity between an MPA and fishing zone, we examined the abundance and recruitment patterns of two anemonefishes (Amphiprion frenatus and A. perideraion) that inhabit sea anemones in different management zones (i.e., an MPA and two fishing zones) by performing a field survey and a genetic parentage analysis. We found lower levels of abundance per anemone in the MPA compared to the fishing zones for both species (n = 1,525 anemones, p = .032). The parentage analysis also showed that lower numbers of fishes were recruited from the fishing zones and outside of the study area into each anemone in the MPA than into each anemone in the fishing zones (n = 1,525 anemones, p < .017). However, the number of self-recruit production per female did not differ between the MPA and fishing zones (n = 384 females, p = .516). Because the ocean currents around the study site were unlikely to cause a lower settlement intensity of larvae in the MPA, the ocean circulation was not considered crucial to the observed abundance and recruitment patterns. Instead, stronger top-down control and/or a lower density of host anemones in the MPA were potential factors for such patterns. Our results highlight the importance of dissimilarity in a marine environment as a factor that affects connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Sato
- Graduate School of Environmental Science Hokkaido University Akkeshi-cho Hokkaido Japan.,Present address: National Research Institute of Fisheries Engineering Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency Hasaki Kamisu-shi Ibaraki Japan
| | - Kentaro Honda
- Akkeshi Marine Station Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere Hokkaido University Akkeshi-cho Hokkaido Japan.,Present address: Hokkaido National Fisheries Research Institute Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency Toyohira-ku Sapporo Hokkaido Japan
| | - Wilfredo H Uy
- Institute of Fisheries Research and Development Mindanao State University at Naawan Naawan Misamis Oriental Philippines
| | - Darwin I Baslot
- Institute of Fisheries Research and Development Mindanao State University at Naawan Naawan Misamis Oriental Philippines
| | - Tom G Genovia
- Institute of Fisheries Research and Development Mindanao State University at Naawan Naawan Misamis Oriental Philippines
| | - Yohei Nakamura
- Graduate School of Kuroshio Science Kochi University Nankoku Kochi Japan
| | - Lawrence Patrick C Bernardo
- Department of Mechanical and Environmental Informatics Graduate School of Information Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Meguro Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kurokochi
- Asian Natural Environmental Science Center The University of Tokyo Nishitokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Allyn Duvin S Pantallano
- Institute of Fisheries Research and Development Mindanao State University at Naawan Naawan Misamis Oriental Philippines.,Graduate School of Kuroshio Science Kochi University Nankoku Kochi Japan
| | - Chunlan Lian
- Asian Natural Environmental Science Center The University of Tokyo Nishitokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Kazuo Nadaoka
- Department of Mechanical and Environmental Informatics Graduate School of Information Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Meguro Tokyo Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakaoka
- Akkeshi Marine Station Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere Hokkaido University Akkeshi-cho Hokkaido Japan
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9
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Wilson S, McKellar AE, Reudink MW, Marra PP, Ratcliffe LM. Density‐dependent immigration promotes population stability in a long‐distance migratory bird. POPUL ECOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10144-017-0582-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott Wilson
- Wildlife Research Division, Environment and Climate Change CanadaNational Wildlife Research Centre1125 Colonel by DriveK1A 0H3OttawaONCanada
| | - Ann E. McKellar
- Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment and Climate Change CanadaPrairie and Northern Wildlife Research Centre115 Perimeter RoadS7N 0X4SaskatoonSKCanada
| | - Matthew W. Reudink
- Department of Biological SciencesThompson Rivers UniversityV2C 0C8KamloopsBCCanada
| | - Peter P. Marra
- Migratory Bird CenterSmithsonian Conservation Biology Institute20013‐7012Washington, DCUSA
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10
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11
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Oliver MK, Piertney SB, Zalewski A, Melero Y, Lambin X. The compensatory potential of increased immigration following intensive American mink population control is diluted by male-biased dispersal. Biol Invasions 2016; 18:3047-3061. [PMID: 32355453 PMCID: PMC7175656 DOI: 10.1007/s10530-016-1199-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Attempts to mitigate the impact of invasive species on native ecosystems increasingly target large land masses where control, rather than eradication, is the management objective. Depressing numbers of invasive species to a level where their impact on native biodiversity is tolerable requires overcoming the impact of compensatory immigration from non-controlled portions of the landscape. Because of the expected scale-dependency of dispersal, the overall size of invasive species management areas relative to the dispersal ability of the controlled species will determine the size of any effectively conserved core area unaffected by immigration from surrounding areas. However, when dispersal is male-biased, as in many mammalian invasive carnivores, males may be overrepresented amongst immigrants, reducing the potential growth rate of invasive species populations in re-invaded areas. Using data collected from a project that gradually imposed spatially comprehensive control on invasive American mink (Neovison vison) over a 10,000 km2 area of NE Scotland, we show that mink captures were reduced to almost zero in 3 years, whilst there was a threefold increase in the proportion of male immigrants. Dispersal was often long distance and linking adjacent river catchments, asymptoting at 38 and 31 km for males and females respectively. Breeding and dispersal were spatially heterogeneous, with 40 % of river sections accounting for most captures of juvenile (85 %), adult female (65 %) and immigrant (57 %) mink. Concentrating control effort on such areas, so as to turn them into “attractive dispersal sinks” could make a disproportionate contribution to the management of recurrent re-invasion of mainland invasive species management areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Oliver
- 1School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ UK
| | - S B Piertney
- 1School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ UK
| | - A Zalewski
- 2Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Science, 17-230 Białowieża, Poland
| | - Y Melero
- 1School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ UK.,3Present Address: Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals (CREAF), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - X Lambin
- 1School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ UK
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12
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Turgeon K, Kramer DL. Immigration Rates during Population Density Reduction in a Coral Reef Fish. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156417. [PMID: 27271081 PMCID: PMC4896503 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the importance of density-dependent dispersal has been recognized in theory, few empirical studies have examined how immigration changes over a wide range of densities. In a replicated experiment using a novel approach allowing within-site comparison, we examined changes in immigration rate following the gradual removal of territorial damselfish from a limited area within a much larger patch of continuous habitat. In all sites, immigration occurred at intermediate densities but did not occur before the start of removals and only rarely as density approached zero. In the combined data and in 5 of 7 sites, the number of immigrants was a hump-shaped function of density. This is the first experimental evidence for hump-shaped, density-dependent immigration. This pattern may be more widespread than previously recognized because studies over more limited density ranges have identified positive density dependence at low densities and negative density dependence at high densities. Positive density dependence at low density can arise from limits to the number of potential immigrants and from behavioral preferences for settling near conspecifics. Negative density dependence at high density can arise from competition for resources, especially high quality territories. The potential for non-linear effects of local density on immigration needs to be recognized for robust predictions of conservation reserve function, harvest impacts, pest control, and the dynamics of fragmented populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine Turgeon
- Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Docteur Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Donald L. Kramer
- Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Docteur Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
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13
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Minnie L, Gaylard A, Kerley GIH. Compensatory life-history responses of a mesopredator may undermine carnivore management efforts. J Appl Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liaan Minnie
- Department of Zoology; Centre for African Conservation Ecology; Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; PO Box 77000 6031 Eastern Cape South Africa
| | - Angela Gaylard
- Scientific Services Division; South African National Parks; PO Bo 2780 Knysna 6570 South Africa
| | - Graham I. H. Kerley
- Department of Zoology; Centre for African Conservation Ecology; Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; PO Box 77000 6031 Eastern Cape South Africa
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14
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Furrer RD, Pasinelli G. Empirical evidence for source-sink populations: a review on occurrence, assessments and implications. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2015; 91:782-95. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman D. Furrer
- Swiss Ornithological Institute; Seerose 1 CH-6204 Sempach Switzerland
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15
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Robinson HS, Desimone R, Hartway C, Gude JA, Thompson MJ, Mitchell MS, Hebblewhite M. A test of the compensatory mortality hypothesis in mountain lions: A management experiment in West-Central Montana. J Wildl Manage 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hugh S. Robinson
- Panthera; 8 West 40th St. New York NY 10018 USA
- Montana Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit; University of Montana; Missoula MT 59812 USA
| | | | - Cynthia Hartway
- Wildlife Biology Program; College of Forestry and Conservation; University of Montana; Missoula MT 59812 USA
| | | | | | - Michael S. Mitchell
- U.S. Geological Survey; Montana Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit; University of Montana; Missoula MT 59812 USA
| | - Mark Hebblewhite
- Wildlife Biology Program; College of Forestry and Conservation; University of Montana; Missoula MT 59812 USA
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16
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Goldberg JF, Hebblewhite M, Bardsley J. Consequences of a refuge for the predator-prey dynamics of a wolf-elk system in Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91417. [PMID: 24670632 PMCID: PMC3966774 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Refugia can affect predator-prey dynamics via movements between refuge and non-refuge areas. We examine the influence of a refuge on population dynamics in a large mammal predator-prey system. Wolves (Canis lupus) have recolonized much of their former range in North America, and as a result, ungulate prey have exploited refugia to reduce predation risk with unknown impacts on wolf-prey dynamics. We examined the influence of a refuge on elk (Cervus elaphus) and wolf population dynamics in Banff National Park. Elk occupy the Banff townsite with little predation, whereas elk in the adjoining Bow Valley experience higher wolf predation. The Banff refuge may influence Bow Valley predator-prey dynamics through source-sink movements. To test this hypothesis, we used 26 years of wolf and elk population counts and the Delayed Rejection Adaptive Metropolis Markov chain Monte Carlo method to fit five predator-prey models: 1) with no source-sink movements, 2) with elk density-dependent dispersal from the refuge to the non-refuge, 3) with elk predation risk avoidance movements from the non-refuge to the refuge, 4) with differential movement rates between refuge and non-refuge, and 5) with short-term, source-sink wolf movements. Model 1 provided the best fit of the data, as measured by Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). In the top model, Banff and Bow Valley elk had median growth rates of 0.08 and 0.03 (95% credibility intervals [CIs]: 0.027-0.186 and 0.001-0.143), respectively, Banff had a median carrying capacity of 630 elk (95% CI: 471.9-2676.9), Bow Valley elk had a median wolf encounter rate of 0.02 (95% CI: 0.013-0.030), and wolves had a median death rate of 0.23 (95% CI: 0.146-0.335) and a median conversion efficiency of 0.07 (95% CI: 0.031-0.124). We found little evidence for potential source-sink movements influencing the predator-prey dynamics of this system. This result suggests that the refuge was isolated from the non-refuge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua F. Goldberg
- Wildlife Biology Program, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Science, College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
| | - Mark Hebblewhite
- Wildlife Biology Program, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Science, College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
| | - John Bardsley
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
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17
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Contasti AL, Van Beest FM, Vander Wal E, Mcloughlin PD. Identifying hidden sinks in growing populations from individual fates and movements: The feral horses of Sable Island. J Wildl Manage 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne L. Contasti
- Department of Biology; University of Saskatchewan; 112 Science Place Saskatoon SK, Canada S7N 5E2
| | - Floris M. Van Beest
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science; College of Agriculture and Bioresources; University of Saskatchewan; 51 Campus Drive Saskatoon SK, Canada S7N 5E2
| | - Eric Vander Wal
- Département de Biologie; Université de Sherbrooke; 2500 Boul de l'Université Sherbrooke QC, Canada J1K 2R1
| | - Philip D. Mcloughlin
- Department of Biology; University of Saskatchewan; 112 Science Place Saskatoon SK, Canada S7N 5E2
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18
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Beausoleil RA, Koehler GM, Maletzke BT, Kertson BN, Wielgus RB. Research to regulation: Cougar social behavior as a guide for management. WILDLIFE SOC B 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/wsb.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard A. Beausoleil
- Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; 3515 State Highway 97A; Wenatchee; WA; 98801; USA
| | - Gary M. Koehler
- Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; 2218 Stephanie Brooke; Wenatchee; WA; 98801; USA
| | - Benjamin T. Maletzke
- Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; P.O. Box 522; Pullman; WA; 99163; USA
| | - Brian N. Kertson
- Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; 1775 12th Ave NW, Suite 201; Issaquah; WA; 98027; USA
| | - Robert B. Wielgus
- Large Carnivore Conservation Lab; Washington State University; Pullman; WA; 99163; USA
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19
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Péron G. Compensation and additivity of anthropogenic mortality: life-history effects and review of methods. J Anim Ecol 2012. [PMID: 23194410 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Demographic compensation, the increase in average individual performance following a perturbation that reduces population size, and, its opposite, demographic overadditivity (or superadditivity) are central processes in both population ecology and wildlife management. A continuum of population responses to changes in cause-specific mortality exists, of which additivity and complete compensation constitute particular points. The position of a population on that continuum influences its ability to sustain exploitation and predation. Here I describe a method for quantifying where a population is on the continuum. Based on variance-covariance formulae, I describe a simple metric for the rate of compensation-additivity. I synthesize the results from 10 wildlife capture-recapture monitoring programmes from the literature and online databases, reviewing current statistical methods and the treatment of common sources of bias. These results are used to test hypotheses regarding the effects of life-history strategy, population density, average cause-specific mortality and age class on the rate of compensation-additivity. This comparative analysis highlights that long-lived species compensate less than short-lived species and that populations below their carrying capacity compensate less than those above.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Péron
- Department of Wildland Resources, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322-5230, USA; Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 12100 Beech Forest Road, Laurel, MD, 20708-4017, USA; USGS Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Colorado State University, 1484 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1484, USA
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