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Pérez-Alva A, MacIntosh A, Baigts-Allende D, García-Torres R, Ramírez-Rodrigues M. Fermentation of algae to enhance their bioactive activity: A review. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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2
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Ścieszka S, Gorzkiewicz M, Klewicka E. Innovative fermented soya drink with the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and the probiotic strain Levilactobacillus brevis ŁOCK 0944. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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3
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Tolpeznikaite E, Ruzauskas M, Pilkaityte R, Bartkevics V, Zavistanaviciute P, Starkute V, Lele V, Zokaityte E, Mozuriene E, Ruibys R, Klupsaite D, Santini A, Bartkiene E. Influence of fermentation on the characteristics of Baltic Sea macroalgae, including microbial profile and trace element content. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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4
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Reboleira J, Silva S, Chatzifragkou A, Niranjan K, Lemos MF. Seaweed fermentation within the fields of food and natural products. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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5
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Baghel RS, Reddy CRK, Singh RP. Seaweed-based cellulose: Applications, and future perspectives. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 267:118241. [PMID: 34119188 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose is a naturally occurring organic polymer extracted mainly from lignocellulosic biomass of terrestrial origin. However, the increasing production of seaweeds for growing global market demands has developed the opportunity to use it as an additional cellulose source. This review aims to prepare comprehensive information to understand seaweed cellulose and its possible applications better. This is the first review that summarizes and discusses the cellulose from all three types (green, red, and brown) of seaweeds in various aspects such as contents, extraction strategies, and cellulose-based products. The seaweed cellulose applications and future perspectives are also discussed. Several seaweed species were found to have significant cellulose content (9-34% dry weight). The review highlights that the properties of seaweed cellulose-based products were comparable to products prepared from plant-based cellulose. Overall, this work demonstrates that cellulose could be economically extracted from phycocolloids industrial waste and selected cellulose-rich seaweed species for various commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi S Baghel
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India.
| | - C R K Reddy
- Indian Centre for Climate and Societal Impact Research, Vivekanand Research and Training Institute, Mandvi-Katch, Gujarat 370465, India
| | - Ravindra Pal Singh
- Food and Nutritional Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
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6
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Hettle AG, Hobbs JK, Pluvinage B, Vickers C, Abe KT, Salama-Alber O, McGuire BE, Hehemann JH, Hui JPM, Berrue F, Banskota A, Zhang J, Bottos EM, Van Hamme J, Boraston AB. Insights into the κ/ι-carrageenan metabolism pathway of some marine Pseudoalteromonas species. Commun Biol 2019; 2:474. [PMID: 31886414 PMCID: PMC6923384 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0721-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudoalteromonas is a globally distributed marine-associated genus that can be found in a broad range of aquatic environments, including in association with macroalgal surfaces where they may take advantage of these rich sources of polysaccharides. The metabolic systems that confer the ability to metabolize this abundant form of photosynthetically fixed carbon, however, are not yet fully understood. Through genomics, transcriptomics, microbiology, and specific structure-function studies of pathway components we address the capacity of newly isolated marine pseudoalteromonads to metabolize the red algal galactan carrageenan. The results reveal that the κ/ι-carrageenan specific polysaccharide utilization locus (CarPUL) enables isolates possessing this locus the ability to grow on this substrate. Biochemical and structural analysis of the enzymatic components of the CarPUL promoted the development of a detailed model of the κ/ι-carrageenan metabolic pathway deployed by pseudoalteromonads, thus furthering our understanding of how these microbes have adapted to a unique environmental niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G. Hettle
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2 Canada
| | - Joanne K. Hobbs
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2 Canada
| | - Benjamin Pluvinage
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2 Canada
| | - Chelsea Vickers
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2 Canada
- Present Address: School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University, PO Box 600, Wellington, 6012 New Zealand
| | - Kento T. Abe
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2 Canada
- Present Address: Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, 600 University Ave, Rm 992, Toronto, ON M5G1X5 Canada
| | - Orly Salama-Alber
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2 Canada
| | - Bailey E. McGuire
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2 Canada
| | - Jan-Hendrik Hehemann
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2 Canada
- Present Address: Marum and Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Joseph P. M. Hui
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, 1411 Oxford Street, Halifax, NS B3H 3Z1 Canada
| | - Fabrice Berrue
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, 1411 Oxford Street, Halifax, NS B3H 3Z1 Canada
| | - Arjun Banskota
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, 1411 Oxford Street, Halifax, NS B3H 3Z1 Canada
| | - Junzeng Zhang
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, 1411 Oxford Street, Halifax, NS B3H 3Z1 Canada
| | - Eric M. Bottos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Thompson Rivers University, 805 TRU Way, Kamloops, British Columbia V2C 0C8 Canada
| | - Jonathan Van Hamme
- Department of Biological Sciences, Thompson Rivers University, 805 TRU Way, Kamloops, British Columbia V2C 0C8 Canada
| | - Alisdair B. Boraston
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2 Canada
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Isolation and Immunocharacterization of Lactobacillus salivarius from the Intestine of Wakame-Fed Pigs to Develop Novel "Immunosynbiotics". Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7060167. [PMID: 31174334 PMCID: PMC6617407 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7060167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging threats of antimicrobial resistance necessitate the exploration of effective alternatives for healthy livestock growth strategies. 'Immunosynbiotics', a combination of immunoregulatory probiotics and prebiotics with synergistic effects when used together in feed, would be one of the most promising candidates. Lactobacilli are normal residents of the gastrointestinal tract of pigs, and many of them are able to exert beneficial immunoregulatory properties. On the other hand, wakame (Undaria pinnafida), an edible seaweed, has the potential to be used as an immunoregulatory prebiotic when added to livestock feed. Therefore, in order to develop a novel immunosynbiotic, we isolated and characterized immunoregulatory lactobacilli with the ability to utilize wakame. Following a month-long in vivo wakame feeding trial in 8-week-old Landrace pigs (n = 6), sections of intestinal mucous membrane were processed for bacteriological culture and followed by identification of pure colonies by 16S rRNA sequence. Each isolate was characterized in vitro in terms of their ability to assimilate to the wakame and to differentially modulate the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interferon beta (IFN-β) in the porcine intestinal epithelial (PIE) cells triggered by Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 and TLR-3 activation, respectively. We demonstrated that feeding wakame to pigs significantly increased the lactobacilli population in the small intestine. We established a wakame-component adjusted culture media that allowed the isolation and characterization of a total of 128 Lactobacilli salivarius colonies from the gut of wakame-fed pigs. Interestingly, several L. salivarius isolates showed both high wakame assimilation ability and immunomodulatory capacities. Among the wakame assimilating isolates, L. salivarius FFIG71 showed a significantly higher capacity to upregulate the IL-6 expression, and L. salivarius FFIG131 showed significantly higher capacity to upregulate the IFN-β expression; these could be used as immunobiotic strains in combination with wakame for the development of novel immunologically active feeds for pigs.
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Abstract
Algae are common all over the Earth. Due to their rich chemical composition and content of bioactive substances they have been used in many fields of industry. Their gelling, thickening and stabilizing properties have led to the development of such products as agar, alginate and carrageenan. Moreover, algae are used in the food industry as food supplements and an addition to functional food. Algae are also added to meat products, such as pasty, steaks, frankfurters and sausages, as well as to fish, fish products, and oils, to improve their quality. Cereal-based products, such as pasta, flour and bread, are another group of products enriched with algae. Due to their properties algae may also be used for construction of fermented functional food. Fermented products containing algae are, most of all, dairy products, such as cheese, cream, milk deserts, yoghurt, cottage cheese, and processed cheese. Combination of fermented products offering a high content of lactic acid bacteria with algae possessing biologically active metabolites of natural origin allows not only to compose products with a high content of nutrients, but also to create a brand new segment of fermented food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Ścieszka
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Łódź, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Klewicka
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Łódź, Poland
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Marine algal carbohydrates as carbon sources for the production of biochemicals and biomaterials. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:798-817. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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10
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Nutritional Profile of Red Seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii after Fermentation using Saccharomyces Cerevisiae as a Feed Supplement for White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei Nutritional Profile of Fermented Red Seaweed. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.11.4.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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11
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Characterization of fermented seaweed sauce prepared from nori (Pyropia yezoensis). J Biosci Bioeng 2017; 123:327-332. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Wang M, Chen L, Liu Z, Zhang Z, Qin S, Yan P. Isolation of a novel alginate lyase-producing Bacillus litoralis strain and its potential to ferment Sargassum horneri for biofertilizer. Microbiologyopen 2016; 5:1038-1049. [PMID: 27440453 PMCID: PMC5221473 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Algae have long been used to augment plant productivity through their beneficial effects. Alginate oligosaccharide is believed to be one of the important components to enhance growth and crop yield. In this study, we isolated and characterized a Bacillus litoralis strain, named Bacillus M3, from decayed kelps. We further demonstrated that the M3 strain could secrete alginate lyase to degrade alginate. The crude enzyme exhibited the highest activity (33.74 U/mg) at pH 7.0 and 50°C. The M3 strain was also able to ferment the brown alga Sargassum horneri. Fermentation results revealed that a fermentation period of 8-12 hr was the best harvest time with the highest level of alginate oligosaccharides. Plant growth assay showed that the seaweed fermentation extract had an obvious promotion effect on root and seedling growth of Lycopersicon eseulentum L. Our results suggest that fermentation extract of Sargassum horneri by the novel strain of Bacillus litoralis M3 has significant development potential for biofertilizer production and agriculture application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingpeng Wang
- School of Municipal and Environmental EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinChina
| | - Lei Chen
- Yantai Institute of Costal Zone Research Chinese Academy of SciencesYantaiChina
| | - Zhengyi Liu
- Yantai Institute of Costal Zone Research Chinese Academy of SciencesYantaiChina
| | - Zhaojie Zhang
- Department of Zoology and PhysiologyUniversity of WyomingLaramieWyomingUSA
| | - Song Qin
- Yantai Institute of Costal Zone Research Chinese Academy of SciencesYantaiChina
| | - Peisheng Yan
- School of Municipal and Environmental EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinChina
- School of Marine Science and TechnologyHarbin Institute of TechnologyWeihaiChina
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13
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Ekanayake P, Nikapitiya C, De Zoysa M, Jeon Y, Lee J. Isolation and Purification of an Anticoagulant from Schizymenia dubyi by Fermentation. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1082013207085689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Natural fermentation is a method of extracting anticoagulant compounds from red algae Schizymenia dubyi. Preliminary screening was carried out on the basis of the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and thrombin time (TT) assays. The optimal fermentation time period for the highest APTT, PT, and TT values was found to be 8 weeks. Purification of the fermented sample by DEAE-anion exchange chromatography followed by Sepharose-4B chromatography resulted in a single polysaccharide, which was reconfirmed by a single spot on agarose gel electrophoresis. The purified sample had >1000s APTT activity at 130 μg/mL. The molecular weight estimated by polyaccrylamide gel electrophoresis was >500,000 Da. This is the first report indicating the presence of the anticoagulant compound in S. dubyi.
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Affiliation(s)
- P.M. Ekanayake
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Cheju National University, 66, Jejudaehakno Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - C. Nikapitiya
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Cheju National University, 66, Jejudaehakno Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - M. De Zoysa
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Cheju National University, 66, Jejudaehakno Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Y.J. Jeon
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Cheju National University, 66, Jejudaehakno Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - J. Lee
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Cheju National University, 66, Jejudaehakno Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea,
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Herrmann C, FitzGerald J, O'Shea R, Xia A, O'Kiely P, Murphy JD. Ensiling of seaweed for a seaweed biofuel industry. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 196:301-13. [PMID: 26253914 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.07.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Effective biogas production from seaweed necessitates harvest at times of peak quality of biomass and low-loss preservation for year-around supply. Ensiling of five seaweed species and storage up to 90days was investigated as a method to preserve the methane yield potential. Adequate acidification by natural lactic acid fermentation was difficult due to low rapidly fermentable carbohydrate contents, high buffering capacities and low initial numbers of lactic acid bacteria. Nevertheless, products of silage fermentation increased methane yields by up to 28% and compensated for volatile solid losses during ensiling. Preservation of the original methane yield potential was achieved for four of five seaweed species, provided that silage effluent is collected and utilised. 10-28% of the ensiled biomass was released as effluent with methane yields of 218-423LNkg(-1) VS. If further optimised, ensiling represents an effective method of preservation crucial for an efficient seaweed biofuel industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Herrmann
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI), Marine Renewable Energy Ireland (MaREI), Environmental Research Institute, School of Engineering, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jamie FitzGerald
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI), Marine Renewable Energy Ireland (MaREI), Environmental Research Institute, School of Engineering, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Richard O'Shea
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI), Marine Renewable Energy Ireland (MaREI), Environmental Research Institute, School of Engineering, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ao Xia
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI), Marine Renewable Energy Ireland (MaREI), Environmental Research Institute, School of Engineering, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Pádraig O'Kiely
- Teagasc Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath, Ireland
| | - Jerry D Murphy
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI), Marine Renewable Energy Ireland (MaREI), Environmental Research Institute, School of Engineering, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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15
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Uchida M, Miyoshi T, Kaneniwa M, Ishihara K, Nakashimada Y, Urano N. Production of 16.5% v/v ethanol from seagrass seeds. J Biosci Bioeng 2014; 118:646-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2014.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Uchida M, Miyoshi T, Yoshida G, Niwa K, Mori M, Wakabayashi H. Isolation and characterization of halophilic lactic acid bacteria acting as a starter culture for sauce fermentation of the red alga Nori (Porphyra yezoensis). J Appl Microbiol 2014; 116:1506-20. [PMID: 24494732 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS A screening test was conducted for environmental samples to isolate halophilic lactic acid bacteria (HLAB) that can act as a starter in a Nori (Porphyra yezoensis)-sauce culture. METHOD AND RESULTS After 9 months of incubation of enrichment cultures added with 25 kinds of environmental samples, growth of HLAB-like microorganisms was observed in six cultures salted at a 15% w/w level, including culture samples originally from mesopelagic water taken from 321 m-depth and from mountain snow taken at 2450 m-height. Ten strains were isolated and characterized as Tetragenococcus halophilus based on sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene. The isolates were inoculated into a newly prepared Nori-sauce culture and were confirmed to be able to act as a starter culture while three reference strains of T. halophilus obtained from a culture collection could not grow in the same culture. CONCLUSIONS Halophilic lactic acid bacteria strains that can make growth in a highly salted Nori-sauce culture were isolated from environmental samples for the first time. All the isolates were identified as T. halophilus. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The isolated strains are expected to be utilized as a starter culture for manufacturing fermented seaweed-sauce, which will be the first fermented food products obtained from algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Uchida
- National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research Agency, Maruishi, Hatsukaichi, Japan
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17
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Microorganisms living on macroalgae: diversity, interactions, and biotechnological applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:2917-35. [PMID: 24562178 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5557-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Marine microorganisms play key roles in every marine ecological process, hence the growing interest in studying their populations and functions. Microbial communities on algae remain underexplored, however, despite their huge biodiversity and the fact that they differ markedly from those living freely in seawater. The study of this microbiota and of its relationships with algal hosts should provide crucial information for ecological investigations on algae and aquatic ecosystems. Furthermore, because these microorganisms interact with algae in multiple, complex ways, they constitute an interesting source of novel bioactive compounds with biotechnological potential, such as dehalogenases, antimicrobials, and alga-specific polysaccharidases (e.g., agarases, carrageenases, and alginate lyases). Here, to demonstrate the huge potential of alga-associated organisms and their metabolites in developing future biotechnological applications, we first describe the immense diversity and density of these microbial biofilms. We further describe their complex interactions with algae, leading to the production of specific bioactive compounds and hydrolytic enzymes of biotechnological interest. We end with a glance at their potential use in medical and industrial applications.
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Khambhaty Y, Mody K, Gandhi MR, Thampy S, Maiti P, Brahmbhatt H, Eswaran K, Ghosh PK. Kappaphycus alvarezii as a source of bioethanol. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 103:180-185. [PMID: 22050835 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Revised: 10/03/2011] [Accepted: 10/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The present study describes production of bio-ethanol from fresh red alga, Kappaphycus alvarezii. It was crushed to expel sap--a biofertilizer--while residual biomass was saccharified at 100 °C in 0.9 N H2SO4. The hydrolysate was repeatedly treated with additional granules to achieve desired reducing sugar concentration. The best yields for saccharification, inclusive of sugar loss in residue, were 26.2% and 30.6% (w/w) at laboratory (250 g) and bench (16 kg) scales, respectively. The hydrolysate was neutralized with lime and the filtrate was desalted by electrodialysis. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (NCIM 3523) was used for ethanol production from this non-traditional bio-resource. Fermentation at laboratory and bench scales converted ca. 80% of reducing sugar into ethanol in near quantitative selectivity. A petrol vehicle was successfully run with E10 gasoline made from the seaweed-based ethanol. Co-production of ethanol and bio-fertilizer from this seaweed may emerge as a promising alternative to land-based bio-ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Khambhaty
- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar 364 021, Gujarat, India
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YANAGISAWA M, NAKAMURA K, NAKASAKI K. Production of L-lactic Acid from Biomass Wastes Using Scallop Crude Enzymes and Novel Lactic Acid Bacterium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.5956/jriet.40.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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20
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Ekanayake PM, Nikapitiya C, De Zoysa M, Whang I, Kim SJ, Lee J. Novel anticoagulant compound from fermented red alga Pachymeniopsis elliptica. Eur Food Res Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-007-0802-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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21
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Vigliotta G, Di Giacomo M, Carata E, Massardo DR, Tredici SM, Silvestro D, Paolino M, Pontieri P, Del Giudice L, Parente D, Alifano P. Nitrite metabolism in Debaryomyces hansenii TOB-Y7, a yeast strain involved in tobacco fermentation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 75:633-45. [PMID: 17318539 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-007-0867-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2006] [Revised: 01/25/2007] [Accepted: 01/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The Italian cigar manufacturing process includes a fermentation step that leads to accumulation of nitrite and tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA), undesirable by-products due to their negative impact on health. In this study, growth and biochemical properties of Debaryomyces hansenii TOB-Y7, a yeast strain that predominates during the early phase of fermentation, have been investigated. With respect to other D. hansenii collection strains (Y7426, J26, and CBS 1796), TOB-Y7 was characterized by the ability to tolerate very high nitrite levels and to utilize nitrite, but not nitrate, as a sole nitrogen source in a chemically defined medium, a property that was enhanced in microaerophilic environment. The ability to assimilate nitrite was associated to the presence of YNI1, the gene encoding the assimilatory NAD(P)H:nitrite reductase (NiR), absent in Y7426, J26, and CBS 1796 by Southern blot data. YNI1 from TOB-Y7 was entirely sequenced, and its expression was analyzed in different media by Northern blot and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The evidence that, in D. hansenii TOB-Y7, YNI1 was transcriptional active also in the presence of high ammonia concentration typical of tobacco fermentation, stimulated the development of an improved process that, on a laboratory scale, was proved to be effective in minimizing nitrite and TSNA accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Vigliotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Lecce, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
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Di Giacomo M, Paolino M, Silvestro D, Vigliotta G, Imperi F, Visca P, Alifano P, Parente D. Microbial community structure and dynamics of dark fire-cured tobacco fermentation. Appl Environ Microbiol 2007; 73:825-37. [PMID: 17142368 PMCID: PMC1800767 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02378-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2006] [Accepted: 11/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Italian Toscano cigar production includes a fermentation step that starts when dark fire-cured tobacco leaves are moistened and mixed with ca. 20% prefermented tobacco to form a 500-kg bulk. The dynamics of the process, lasting ca. 18 days, has never been investigated in detail, and limited information is available on microbiota involved. Here we show that Toscano fermentation is invariably associated with the following: (i) an increase in temperature, pH, and total microbial population; (ii) a decrease in reducing sugars, citric and malic acids, and nitrate content; and (iii) an increase in oxalic acid, nitrite, and tobacco-specific nitrosamine content. The microbial community structure and dynamics were investigated by culture-based and culture-independent approaches, including denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and single-strand conformational polymorphism. Results demonstrate that fermentation is assisted by a complex microbial community, changing in structure and composition during the process. During the early phase, the moderately acidic and mesophilic environment supports the rapid growth of a yeast population predominated by Debaryomyces hansenii. At this stage, Staphylococcaceae (Jeotgalicoccus and Staphylococcus) and Lactobacillales (Aerococcus, Lactobacillus, and Weissella) are the most commonly detected bacteria. When temperature and pH increase, endospore-forming low-G+C content gram-positive bacilli (Bacillus spp.) become evident. This leads to a further pH increase and promotes growth of moderately halotolerant and alkaliphilic Actinomycetales (Corynebacterium and Yania) during the late phase. To postulate a functional role for individual microbial species assisting the fermentation process, a preliminary physiological and biochemical characterization of representative isolates was performed.
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Current awareness on yeast. Yeast 2005; 22:503-10. [PMID: 15918233 DOI: 10.1002/yea.1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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