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Ju E, Burton C, Kim J, Guo Y, Park JI, Qu A, Gibbs L, Lee JA. Sleep disturbances and interrelationship between persons with dementia and family caregivers: The lived experiences of Korean American Dyads. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 55:144-151. [PMID: 37995606 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little research has investigated sleep quality in dyadic interrelationships between persons with dementia (PWD) and family caregivers, particularly among immigrant ethnic minorities, such as Korean Americans. PURPOSE The study aimed to describe lived experiences of sleep disturbances and sleep interrelationships between Korean American PWD and their family caregivers. METHODS A descriptive qualitative design used semi-structured interviews with cohabitating PWD-caregiver dyads. RESULTS Eleven Korean American dyads participated (PWD mean age: 82.7, SD=2.3; caregivers mean age: 69.1, SD=10.2). Major themes included (1) linked sleep disturbances between PWD and caregivers, (2) interrelationship in dyads, (3) language challenges within and outside the dyads, and (4) strategies that improve sleep quality for dyads. CONCLUSION Findings demonstrated bidirectional influences in dyadic sleep disturbances, where caregiving reciprocally impacted PWD sleep as part of an interactional unit. Communication barriers and limited community resources posed challenges for these dyads. Future sleep interventions should consider culturally competent, dyadic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunae Ju
- Sue & Bill Gross School of Nursing, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | | | - Julie Kim
- Department of Sociology, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Yuqing Guo
- Sue & Bill Gross School of Nursing, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Jung In Park
- Sue & Bill Gross School of Nursing, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Annie Qu
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Lisa Gibbs
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Jung-Ah Lee
- Sue & Bill Gross School of Nursing, University of California, Irvine, CA.
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Song Y, Ryan GW, Lee D, Kim H, Martin JL, Kramer BJ, Hays RD, Choi SE. Experiences of Sleep Problems Among Older Korean Immigrants. Res Gerontol Nurs 2022; 15:193-202. [PMID: 35609258 PMCID: PMC9355790 DOI: 10.3928/19404921-20220518-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite poor sleep among older adults, little is known about the sleep habits of older immigrants living in the United States. The current pragmatic qualitative descriptive study explored sleep among older Korean immigrants, using a focus group with six participants and individual phone interviews with 22 Korean immigrants aged ≥60 years. Transcripts were coded to identify underlying themes. Several thematic categories were identified under six domains: daytime function, getting ready for bed, falling asleep, awakenings during sleep, going back to sleep, and seeking advice from peers. Unhealthy sleep behaviors were found during daytime and bedtime, particularly among those who were retired/unemployed or living alone. Seeking advice from peers was common but none of the advice helped participants sleep. Sleep education programs in Korean-speaking communities can be used to target those who are socially isolated and may benefit older Korean immigrants with sleep difficulties. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, xx(x), xx-xx.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonsu Song
- School of Nursing, University of California Los Angeles, California
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, California
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, California
| | - Gery W. Ryan
- Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Diane Lee
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Jennifer L. Martin
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, California
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, California
| | - B Josea Kramer
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, California
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, California
| | - Ron D. Hays
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, California
- Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, California
| | - Sarah E. Choi
- School of Nursing, University of California Los Angeles, California
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Park C, Spruill TM, Butler MJ, Kwon SC, Redeker NS, Gharzeddine R, Whittemore R. Gender Differences in Acculturative Stress and Habitual Sleep Duration in Korean American Immigrants. J Immigr Minor Health 2020; 22:736-745. [PMID: 31377933 PMCID: PMC8291364 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-019-00926-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Korean American immigrants (KAIs) face diverse sociocultural stressors in the acculturation process. While stress is known to cause short sleep, little is known about how acculturative stress affects sleep differently for KAI men and women. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine gender differences in the association between diverse domains of acculturative stress and sleep duration among KAIs. Middle-aged KAIs were recruited in community settings and online. KAIs completed validated measures of acculturative stress (homesickness, social isolation, employment barriers, discrimination, civic disengagement, and family problems) and sleep duration. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed and stratified by gender. 343 KAIs participated (mean age = 41 ± 10 years, 47% female, 11% short sleepers [< 6 h]). After adjustment for covariates, higher homesickness (β = - 23.19, p < 0.05) and lower civic disengagement (β = 17.75, p < 0.05) were associated with shorter sleep duration in women, while higher isolation was associated with shorter sleep duration in men (β = - 13.73, p < 0.05). Discussion: Results suggest gender-specific associations between acculturative stress and sleep duration. Future research should take into account gender differences in the experience and effects of acculturative stress when developing interventions to improve sleep health in KAIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chorong Park
- School of Nursing, Vanderbilt University, 461 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37240, USA.
| | - Tanya M Spruill
- Department of Population Health, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Mark J Butler
- Department of Population Health, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Simona C Kwon
- Department of Population Health, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | | | - Rida Gharzeddine
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, 10010, USA
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Im EO, Ko Y, Chee E, Chee W. Immigration transition and sleep-related symptoms experienced during menopausal transition. Women Health 2016; 57:69-87. [PMID: 26881786 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2016.1153018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The transition due to immigration from one country to another country (referred to as immigration transition henceforth) is inherently stressful, placing an additional dimension of stress to midlife women in the menopausal transition. However, few studies have examined the association of immigration to sleep-related symptoms experienced by midlife women in the menopausal transition. The authors' purpose for this study was to explore the associations of immigration to sleep-related symptoms among four major racial/ethnic groups of 1,054 midlife women in the United States. This was a secondary analysis of data from two national surveys that were collected from 2005 to 2013. The instruments included questions on background characteristics, health and menopausal status, immigration transition, and the Sleep Index for Midlife Women. The data were analyzed using t-tests, chi-square tests, correlation analyses, and hierarchical multiple regression analyses. Immigrants reported fewer total numbers of and lower total severity scores of sleep-related symptoms than non-immigrants (p < .01). Yet, when background characteristics and health and menopausal status were controlled, self-reported racial/ethnic identity was the only significant factor associated with sleep-related symptoms (ΔR2 = 0.02, p < .01). Health-care providers need to consider self-reported racial/ethnic identity as a factor significantly related to sleep-related symptoms during the menopausal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ok Im
- a School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA
| | - Young Ko
- b College of Nursing, Gachon University , Incheon , South Korea
| | - Eunice Chee
- c School of Engineering and Applied Science , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA
| | - Wonshik Chee
- a School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA
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Park JH, Yoo MS, Bae SH. Prevalence and predictors of poor sleep quality in Korean older adults. Int J Nurs Pract 2013; 19:116-23. [PMID: 23577968 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.12047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to evaluate the levels of sleep quality and to examine its related factors in the elderly Korean adults. A cross-sectional research design was used, and 157 adults, aged from 65 to 89, were recruited from five community health centres in Gyeonggi province and Seoul, Korea. All participants were informed about the purpose of the study and were asked to provide demographic characteristics, chronic conditions, self-rated health, pain, depression, life satisfaction and sleep quality. More than 60% of the participants reported having poor sleep quality. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that age, self-rated health, pain and depression were related to poor sleep quality. The findings suggest that it is important to screen regularly for sleep quality, and attention to depression, poor self-rated health and perceived pain were needed to improve sleep quality of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hee Park
- College of Nursing, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Jang Y, Shin J, Cho S, Kim G, Chiriboga DA. The interactive role of chronic medical conditions and sleep disturbance in predicting depressive symptoms among Korean American older adults. Aging Ment Health 2011; 15:198-203. [PMID: 21140307 PMCID: PMC5788280 DOI: 10.1080/13607860903493366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examined the independent and interactive effects of chronic medical conditions and sleep disturbance on depressive symptomatology. The sample (N = 675) consisted of community-dwelling Korean American older adults, a group that has been found to be particularly high in depressive symptomatology. METHODS A hierarchical regression model of depressive symptoms was estimated with an array of predictors: (a) demographic variables, including immigration history, (b) chronic medical conditions, (c) sleep disturbance, and (d) an interaction between chronic medical conditions and sleep disturbance. RESULTS After controlling for the effects of demographic variables, both chronic medical conditions and sleep disturbance were identified as independent risk factors for depressive symptoms. Moreover, their interaction was significant, indicating that the coexistence of chronic medical conditions and sleep disturbance was significantly associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms (β = 0.15, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Our findings call attention to sleep hygiene among older individuals with chronic medical conditions and recommend that sleep quality should be closely monitored and assessed by healthcare professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Jang
- Department of Aging and Mental Health Disparities, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | | | - Soyeon Cho
- Department of Human Services, City University of New York, NY, USA
| | - Giyeon Kim
- Center for Mental Health and Aging, Department of Psychology, The University of Alabama, AL, USA
| | - David A. Chiriboga
- Department of Aging and Mental Health Disparities, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA
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