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Salzmann S, Wilhelm M, Schindler S, Rief W, Euteneuer F. Optimising the efficacy of a stress-reducing psychological intervention using placebo mechanisms: A randomized controlled trial. Stress Health 2022; 38:722-735. [PMID: 35043534 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study examined whether i) brief videos aiming to optimise outcome expectations would augment the efficacy of progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) and ii) whether participants' characteristics would moderate these effects. Sixty-eight healthy subjects randomized to one of three experimental manipulations before undergoing a single PMR session either watched i) a video displaying a neutral expert, ii) a video with a warm expert, or iii) were part of an active control condition. Constrained linear mixed models indicated increased relaxation and decreased stress levels for all participants after the PMR session. The primary outcome was the change of perceived relaxation/stress from pre to post. Participants with high neuroticism and trait anxiety indicated an augmented PMR's efficacy and increased outcome expectations when watching the warm expert video compared to the control group or the less warm expert. Brief videos displaying an expert aiming to optimise outcome expectations regarding a brief stress-reducing psychological intervention may boost or decrease an intervention's efficacy. Effects may depend on the viewer's personality and the (video) expert's communication style. Trial Registration: The study protocol was approved by the local Ethics Committee of the University of Marburg, Germany. This study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03330431).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Salzmann
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Wilhelm
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schindler
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Systems Neuroscience and Otto Creutzfeldt Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Winfried Rief
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Frank Euteneuer
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Medical School Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Tee V, Kuan G, Kueh YC, Abdullah N, Sabran K, Tagiling N, Sahran NF, Alang TAIT, Lee YY. Development and validation of audio-based guided imagery and progressive muscle relaxation tools for functional bloating. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268491. [PMID: 36155547 PMCID: PMC9512190 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mind-body techniques, including Guided Imagery (GI) or Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR), may effectively manage bloating. The current study aimed to develop and validate (psychometric and psychological responses) audio-based GI and PMR techniques for bloating. Audio scripts were first developed from literature reviews and in-depth interviews of participants with bloating diagnosed based on the Rome IV criteria. Scripts were validated using psychometric (content & face validity index) and physiological approaches (brain event-related potentials & heart rate variability). 45/63 participants completed the in-depth interview, and ‘balloon’ emerged as the synonymous imagery description for bloating, of which inflation correlated with a painful sensation. The final tools consisted of narrated audio scripts in the background of a validated choice of music. Overall, the content and face validity index for PMR and GI ranged from 0.92 to 1.00. For ERP and HRV, 17/20 participants were analyzed. For ERP, there was a significant difference between GI and PMR for alpha waves (p = 0.029), delta waves (p = 0.029), and between PMR and control for delta waves (p = 0.014). For HRV, GI and PMR exhibited similar autonomic responses over controls (overall p<0.05). The newly developed GI and PMR audio-based tools have been validated using psychometric and physiological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Tee
- Department of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Garry Kuan
- Exercise and Sport Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yee Cheng Kueh
- Biostatistics and Research Methodology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nurzulaikha Abdullah
- Biostatistics and Research Methodology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Sabran
- School of Arts, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Georgetown, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Nashrulhaq Tagiling
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy and Oncology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nur-Fazimah Sahran
- Department of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | | | - Yeong Yeh Lee
- Department of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
- GI Function & Motility Unit, Hospital USM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- * E-mail: ,
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Pinto BL, McGill SM. Voluntary Muscle Relaxation Can Mitigate Fatigue and Improve Countermovement Jump Performance. J Strength Cond Res 2020; 34:1525-1529. [PMID: 31714458 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Pinto, BL and McGill, SM. Voluntary muscle relaxation can mitigate fatigue and improve countermovement jump performance. J Strength Cond Res 34(6): 1525-1529, 2020-When muscles contract, they create force and stiffness. Thus, muscle activation and relaxation must be strategically sequenced to coordinate and control movement, to enhance athletic variables such as speed and strength. However, research has favored investigation of muscle activation over relaxation. Athletes such as runners, swimmers, and boxers often shake their limbs to allow the muscle to oscillate freely, immediately before a bout. The purpose was to investigate whether shaking the lower limbs with the intention to voluntarily relax the muscles of the limb has an effect on countermovement jump (CMJ) performance. Subjects performed 10 maximal effort CMJs with 30 seconds of rest between each jump. During the rest period, they either performed the relaxation technique or control condition (standing still). Statistical significance was considered at p < 0.05. Subjects significantly improved jump height, compared with their first jump of the day, when performing the relaxation technique. To further investigate the mechanism of enhancement, subjects were grouped into responders and nonresponders. The responder group significantly decreased their jump height and concentric phase impulse (relative to the first jump) during the control condition compared with the nonresponder group, indicating fatigue. When performing the relaxation technique, the responder group improved their jump height and mitigated fatigue by significantly increasing their unweighting impulse and unweighting force. The relaxation technique improved CMJ performance, specifically in those that fatigue with consecutive bouts, by enhancing unweighting, that requires muscle relaxation, rather than propulsion that requires activation. This technique can be useful for training or competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan L Pinto
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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Wang X, Beauchemin J, Liu C, Lee MY. Integrative Body-Mind-Spirit (I-BMS) Practices for Schizophrenia: An Outcome Literature Review on Randomized Controlled Trials. Community Ment Health J 2019; 55:1135-1146. [PMID: 31134445 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-019-00409-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Prior reviews show that certain complementary and alternative practices are promising for patients with schizophrenia. The aim of this study is to review the outcome literature on intervention studies using integrative body-mind-spirit (I-BMS) practices on schizophrenia. This is an outcome literature review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on I-BMS practices from 2004 to 2016. The review used a modified Delphi List to assess methodological rigor and the California Evidence-Based Clearinghouse Scientific Rating Scale to evaluate the level of research support for each identified I-BMS practice. This review identified 13 RCTs of I-BMS practices, including mindfulness interventions (5), yoga (3), tai-chi (2), and relaxation (3). I-BMS practices were effective with medium to large effect sizes for alleviating symptoms, decreasing anxiety and stress, improving insight and mindfulness, subjective well-being and social/occupational functioning, as well as decreasing the frequency and duration of re-hospitalization. This review expands the knowledge base of treatment effectiveness pertaining to patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiafei Wang
- School of Social Work, The David B. Falk College of Sport and Human Dynamics at Syracuse University, 400 White Hall, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA.
| | | | - Chang Liu
- College of Social Work, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Mo Yee Lee
- College of Social Work, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
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Melo-Dias C, Lopes RC, Cardoso DFB, Bobrowicz-Campos E, Apóstolo JLA. Schizophrenia and Progressive Muscle Relaxation - A systematic review of effectiveness. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01484. [PMID: 31049425 PMCID: PMC6479115 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We perform a systematically search, appraise and synthesize of the best available evidence on the effectiveness of Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) in the adults with schizophrenia, in any setting, regarding anxiety, personal and social functioning, cognition, and well-being. Method Major databases were searched to find both published and unpublished studies from inception until April 2017, using Schizophren* AND Relax* as keywords, and studies published in Portuguese, English, Spanish, Italian, French were considered for inclusion in this review. Methodological quality was assessed by two independent reviewers using the Critical Appraisal Checklist for Randomized Controlled Trials from the Joanna Briggs Institute. Results From a total of 1172 studies, five studies, involving 216 adults with schizophrenia, met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review after assessment of their methodological quality. These studies reported benefits in experimental group participants after PMR intervention on anxiety (assessed with State anxiety inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory and Spielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory), well-being (assessed with Subjective Exercise Experiences Scale) and personal and social functioning (assessed with Sheehan Disability Scale and Therapist Rating Scale). Conclusions Evidence suggests that PMR was effective in adults diagnosed with schizophrenia, except in one study where was only effective when combined with education. Thus, PMR may be useful to decrease state anxiety, improve well-being and social functioning in adults diagnosed with schizophrenia. However, due to the diversity of clinical intervention designs of PMR (different number and length of sessions) and outcome assessment scales, no strong evidence was found in this systematic review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Melo-Dias
- Nursing School of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- The Portugal Centre for Evidence-Based Practice: A Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Corresponding author.
| | - Rosa Cristina Lopes
- Nursing School of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Daniela Filipa Batista Cardoso
- Nursing School of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- The Portugal Centre for Evidence-Based Practice: A Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Elzbieta Bobrowicz-Campos
- Nursing School of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Luís Alves Apóstolo
- Nursing School of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- The Portugal Centre for Evidence-Based Practice: A Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Does Jacobson's relaxation technique reduce consumption of psychotropic and analgesic drugs in cancer patients? A multicenter pre-post intervention study. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:139. [PMID: 29720148 PMCID: PMC5930442 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2200-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Cancer patients often suffer from emotional distress as a result of the oncological process. The purpose of our study was to determine whether practice of Jacobson’s relaxation technique reduced consumption of psychotropic and analgesic drugs in a sample of cancer patients. Methods This was a multicenter pre–post intervention design. Participants were 272 patients aged over 18 years attending 10 Spanish public hospitals with oncological pathologies and anxiety symptoms. The intervention consisted of a protocol of abbreviated progressive muscle relaxation training developed by Bernstein and Borkovec. This was followed up by telephone calls over a 1-month period. The intervention was performed between November 2014 and October 2015. Sociodemographic variables related to the oncological process, mental health variables, and intervention characteristics were measured. Results A reduction in the consumption of psychotropic and analgesic drugs was observed throughout the follow-up period. Improvement was observed throughout the 4-week follow-up for all the parameters assessed: anxiety, relaxation, concentration, and mastery of the relaxation technique. Conclusions The practice of abbreviated Jacobson’s relaxation technique can help to decrease the consumption of psychotropic and analgesic drugs. Patients experienced positive changes in all the evaluated parameters, at least during the 1-month follow-up. To confirm these findings, additional long-term studies are needed that include control groups. Trial registration ISRCTN 81335752, DOI 10.1186/ISRCTN81335752 17. Date of registration: 22/11/2016 (retrospectively registered).
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Opoka SM, Lincoln TM. The Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Interventions on Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2017; 40:641-659. [PMID: 29080591 DOI: 10.1016/j.psc.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Depression and anxiety are prominent comorbid disorders in psychosis and relevant to psychotic symptom formation and maintenance. This poses the question of whether psychological interventions are effective in improving symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with psychosis. A systematic review of the literature identified 14 studies evaluating a broad range of interventions targeting depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder in patients with psychosis. The reviewed studies support the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral interventions in improving the target symptoms. Further research is needed to examine whether the effects carry over to psychotic symptoms in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M Opoka
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institut of Psychology, Universität Hamburg, Von-Melle-Park-5, Hamburg 20146, Germany.
| | - Tania M Lincoln
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institut of Psychology, Universität Hamburg, Von-Melle-Park-5, Hamburg 20146, Germany
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Parás-Bravo P, Salvadores-Fuentes P, Alonso-Blanco C, Paz-Zulueta M, Santibañez-Margüello M, Palacios-Ceña D, Boixadera-Planas E, Fernández-de-las-Peñas C. The impact of muscle relaxation techniques on the quality of life of cancer patients, as measured by the FACT-G questionnaire. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184147. [PMID: 29049283 PMCID: PMC5648131 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with cancer frequently suffer from emotional distress, characterized by psychological symptoms such as anxiety or depression. The presence of psychological symptoms combined with the complex nature of oncology processes can negatively impact patients' quality of life. We aimed to determine the impact of a relaxation protocol on improving quality of life in a sample of oncological patients treated in the Spanish National Public Health System. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a multicenter interventional study without a control group. In total, 272 patients with different oncologic pathologies and showing symptoms of anxiety were recruited from 10 Spanish public hospitals. The intervention comprised abbreviated progressive muscle relaxation training, according to Bernstein and Borkovec. This was followed by weekly telephone calls to each patient over a 1-month period. We collected sociodemographic variables related to the disease process, including information about mental health and the intervention. Patients' quality of life was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) questionnaire. Bivariate and univariate analyses were performed, along with an analysis of multiple correspondences to identify subgroups of patients with similar variations on the FACT-G. RESULTS Patients showed statistically significant improvements on the FACT-G overall score (W = 16806; p<0.001), with an initial mean score of 55.33±10.42 and a final mean score of 64.49±7.70. We also found significant improvements for all subscales: emotional wellbeing (W = 13118; p<0.001), functional wellbeing (W = 16155.5; p<0.001), physical wellbeing (W = 8885.5; p<0.001), and social and family context (W = -1840; p = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS Patients with cancer who learned and practiced abbreviated progressive muscle relaxation experienced improvement in their perceived quality of life as measured by the FACT-G. Our findings support a previous assumption that complementary techniques (including relaxation techniques) are effective in improving the quality of life of patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Parás-Bravo
- Department of Nursing, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Cristina Alonso-Blanco
- Department Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation, and Physical Medicine, University Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
| | | | | | - Domingo Palacios-Ceña
- Department Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation, and Physical Medicine, University Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
| | | | - César Fernández-de-las-Peñas
- Department Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation, and Physical Medicine, University Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
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Buccheri RK, Trygstad LN, Buffum MD, Ju DS, Dowling GA. Integrating Anxiety Reduction into an Existing Self-Management of Auditory Hallucinations Course. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 2017; 55:29-39. [DOI: 10.3928/02793695-20170420-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Yang CY, Lo SC, Peng YC. Prevalence and Predictors of Metabolic Syndrome in People With Schizophrenia in Inpatient Rehabilitation Wards. Biol Res Nurs 2016; 18:558-66. [PMID: 27268516 DOI: 10.1177/1099800416653184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atypical antipsychotic medications increase the risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular diseases in people with schizophrenia. AIM To explore the prevalence of MetS and the predictors associated with the number of MetS components in people with chronic schizophrenia. METHODS We recruited 357 participants from 10 rehabilitation wards in northern Taiwan. The Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP), and modified Baecke physical activity questionnaire were used to evaluate the participants. MetS prevalence was calculated using the modified Adult Treatment Panel III criteria for Asians. RESULTS The prevalence of MetS in this sample was 37.8%. Multinomial logistic regression revealed that the HPLP-exercise score (odds ratio [OR] = 0.411, p = .002) and depressive symptoms (OR = 0.949, p = .040) were protective factors for ≥4 MetS components. The leisure physical activity level (OR = .536, p = .024) was a protective factor for three MetS components. Body mass index ≥24 kg/m(2) was the strongest risk factor for two MetS components (OR = 8.057, p < .001), three MetS components (OR = 11.287, p < .001), and ≥four MetS components (OR = 15.621, p < .001). Additionally, participants' age >40 (OR = 3.638, p = .012) was a risk factor for ≥four MetS components. CONCLUSION In this study, the prevalence of MetS was higher than that reported for patients utilizing community-based services in Taiwan. The important risk factors for MetS were being overweight and older than 40. The protective factors for MetS were a high HPLP-exercise score and leisure-based physical activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiu-Yueh Yang
- Department of Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Su-Chen Lo
- Department of Nursing, Bali Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chieh Peng
- Department of Nursing, Bali Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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Trousselard M, Canini F, Claverie D, Cungi C, Putois B, Franck N. Cardiac Coherence Training to Reduce Anxiety in Remitted Schizophrenia, a Pilot Study. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 2016; 41:61-9. [PMID: 26346569 PMCID: PMC4749648 DOI: 10.1007/s10484-015-9312-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Health care that addresses the emotional regulation capacity of patients with schizophrenia confronted with daily stress may contribute to a less anxious life. A psycho-physiological training [cardiac coherence training (CCT)] focusing on emotion regulation is known to decrease anxiety for healthy individuals. We performed a pilot cross sectional survey to explore the benefits of CCT for clinically stable patients with schizophrenia. Ten patients were enrolled in the program consisting of twelve weekly 1-h session programs monitored over a 2-month period. Standardised questionnaires were used before and after the intervention to assess anxiety, well-being outcomes, and how patients deal with stress and stressors. Results showed that this quite-well accepted intervention improved (or tended to improve) well-being outcomes, state-anxiety, and emotional stressors evaluation. The successful transformations were higher for patients with the highest clinical and emotional suffering. Thus, this pilot study revealed that CCT may help patients with schizophrenia to deal with anxiety in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Trousselard
- Département des Facteurs Humains, Institut de Recherches Biomédicales des Armées, 24, Avenue des maquis du Grésivaudan, BP 87, 38702, La Tronche Cedex, France.
| | - F Canini
- Département des Facteurs Humains, Institut de Recherches Biomédicales des Armées, 24, Avenue des maquis du Grésivaudan, BP 87, 38702, La Tronche Cedex, France
| | - D Claverie
- Département des Facteurs Humains, Institut de Recherches Biomédicales des Armées, 24, Avenue des maquis du Grésivaudan, BP 87, 38702, La Tronche Cedex, France
| | - C Cungi
- Institut Francophone de FORmation et de Recherche en THErapie Comportementales et Cognitives, 10 avenue Gantin, 74150, Rumilly, France
| | - B Putois
- Fondation Formation universitaire à distance, Suisse, FS-CH, Überlandstrasse 12, 3900, Brigue, Switzerland
| | - N Franck
- Service Universitaire de réhabilitation, Université de Lyon (Université Lyon 1), Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, 98 rue Henri Boileau, 69006, Lyon, France
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Sadeghi A, Sirati-Nir M, Ebadi A, Aliasgari M, Hajiamini Z. The effect of progressive muscle relaxation on pregnant women's general health. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY RESEARCH 2016; 20:655-60. [PMID: 26793248 PMCID: PMC4700682 DOI: 10.4103/1735-9066.170005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Background: Pregnancy may be accompanied by serious physiological and psychological changes as it is a stressful period in a woman's life. So, this study was conducted to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on pregnant women's general health. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, 60 primigravida women admitted to the prenatal clinic of selected hospitals in Iran constituted the study population. Using purposive sampling method, the level of general health of the women was measured with General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28). Then, the samples were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. Three 1.5–2 h relaxation training sessions were held for the experimental group. After 8 weeks, the level of general health of both groups was measured again. Finally, the collected data were analyzed using Chi-square and paired t-test (P < 0.05). Results: Total mean score of general health of the experimental group and the control group before the intervention was 35.83 (6.92) and 29.46 (8.3), respectively, and after the intervention, the respective scores were 20.2 (5.61) and 27.85 (8.24). Although after the intervention both groups showed an increased level of general health, the difference in general health between before and after intervention was significant in the experimental group (P < 0.001). Furthermore, comparison of variations in mean scores of general health level before and after intervention in the two groups showed a significant difference (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Given that the results showed the effectiveness of progressive muscle relaxation on pregnant women's general health, the prenatal clinics can include a training program for progressive muscle relaxation in the routine training programs for pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Sadeghi
- Department of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Sirati-Nir
- Department of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Ebadi
- Behavioural Sciences Research Centre, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Matin Aliasgari
- Department of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hajiamini
- Behavioural Sciences Research Centre, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Klainin-Yobas P, Ignacio J, He HG, Lau Y, Ngooi BX, Koh SQD. Effects of a Stress-Management Program for Inpatients With Mental Disorders: A Feasibility Study. Biol Res Nurs 2015; 18:213-20. [PMID: 26183182 DOI: 10.1177/1099800415595877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Stress-management interventions have been integrated into treatments for people with mental disorders. Nevertheless, most studies on these interventions have been conducted on patients with schizophrenia in Western countries, and limited studies have used objective measurements of stress. We developed a group-based, four-session stress-management (S-Manage) program for people with mental disorders, consisting of two major components: psychoeducation and relaxation practice. This single-group, pretest-posttest, quasi-experimental study was undertaken to test the initial effects and determine the effect sizes of the program. A convenience sample of 55 inpatients were recruited from a mental health ward at a tertiary hospital in Singapore. Self-report questionnaires and physiological measures of stress (skin temperature and salivary immunoglobulin A [SIgA]) were used for data collection. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and repeated-measures analysis of variance. Most participants were Singaporean, female, single, and employed. Diagnoses included schizophrenia, depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorder, and mixed diagnoses. All received standard care provided by the hospital. Participants had significant reductions in objective stress, measured by skin temperature (effect size = 0.54) and SIgA (effect size = 0.16), and subjective stress (effect size = 0.16) as well as improved psychological health (effect size = 0.40) in response to the intervention. This study provides preliminary evidence to support the positive effects of the S-Manage program on people with mental disorders. Future studies should further test the efficacy of the program using more rigorous methods such as randomized controlled trial and multicenter study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeanette Ignacio
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hong-Gu He
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ying Lau
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Soo Quee David Koh
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Progressive muscle relaxation improves anxiety and depression of pulmonary arterial hypertension patients. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:792895. [PMID: 25922614 PMCID: PMC4397496 DOI: 10.1155/2015/792895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We explored the effects of progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) on anxiety, depression, and quality of life (QOL) in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). One hundred and thirty Han Chinese patients with PAH were randomly assigned to a PMR group (n = 65) and a control group (n = 65). In a 12-week study duration, the PMR group received hospital-based group and in-home PMR practice, while the control group received hospital-based mild group stretching and balance exercises. The control group and the PMR group were comparable at baseline. After 12 weeks of intervention, the PMR group showed significant improvement in anxiety, depression, overall QOL, and the mental component summary score of QOL (P < 0.05) but not the physical component summary score of QOL or the 6-minute walking distance. In contrast, the control group showed no significant improvement in any of the variables. Moreover, the PMR group showed significant improvement in all QOL mental health domains (P < 0.05) but not the physical health domains. In contrast, the control group showed no significant improvement in any QOL domain. In conclusion, this study suggests that PMR practice is effective in improving anxiety, depression, and the mental health components of QOL in patients with PAH.
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15
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Wang FZ, Luo D, Kanb W, Wang Y. Combined intervention with education and progressive muscle relaxation on quality of life, functional disability, and positive symptoms in patients with acute schizophrenia. J Altern Complement Med 2015; 21:159-65. [PMID: 25671655 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2014.0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the effects of combined intervention with education and progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) on quality of life (QoL), functional disability, and positive symptoms of patients with acute schizophrenia. METHODS This randomized controlled study took place in an acute schizophrenia ward in Changsha, China. Sixty-four patients with acute schizophrenia were randomly assigned to four groups: control, education, PMR, and education plus PMR. QoL was assessed with the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire Short Form. Functional disability was assessed with the Sheehan Disability Scale. Severity of positive schizophrenia symptoms was assessed with the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms. All patients were evaluated at baseline (within 72 hours before the interventions) and at the end of weeks 5 (when the interventions ended) and week 15 (a 10-week follow-up after the interventions). RESULTS The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of all four study groups were similar at baseline. Repeated-measures analysis of variance showed significant differences among the interventions in improving QoL, functional disability, and positive symptoms over time in the patients. Education and PMR alone resulted in sustained improvement of QoL during the intervention period and a 10-week follow-up but had no significant effects on functional disability or positive schizophrenia symptoms. In contrast, combined intervention with education and PMR showed better effects on improving QoL than did education or PMR alone throughout the 15-week study. It also statistically significantly improved functional disability and positive schizophrenia symptoms during the intervention period and led to sustained improvement of functional disability during the 10-week follow-up. CONCLUSIONS A combined intervention with education and PMR is effective in improving QoL, functional disability, and positive symptoms in patients with acute schizophrenia. The combined intervention model could be a new paradigm of adjunctive treatment for acute schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Zhi Wang
- 1 Department of Health Management, Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu, People's Republic of China
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16
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Shah LBI, Torres S, Kannusamy P, Chng CML, He HG, Klainin-Yobas P. Efficacy of the virtual reality-based stress management program on stress-related variables in people with mood disorders: the feasibility study. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2015; 29:6-13. [PMID: 25634868 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 08/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of a VR-based stress management program on people with mood disorders. A quasi-experimental study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Singapore, and a convenience sample of 22 was recruited. The program comprised three daily 1-hour sessions incorporating psychoeducation and VR-based relaxation practice. Participants who completed the program had significantly lowered subjective stress (t=6.91, p<0.001), depression (t=5.62, p<0.001), and anxiety (t=5.54, p<0.001); and increased skin temperature (F=17.71, p<0.001), perceived relaxation (F=26.20, p<0.001) and knowledge (F=13.77, p<0.001). Participants' feedback on the program was positive. Findings from this study contribute to improving clinical practice and serve as preliminary data to conduct more rigorous research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna Bte Iskhandar Shah
- Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Buangkok Green Medical Park, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore.
| | - Samantha Torres
- Faculty of Health and Social Care, Dearne Building, University Of Hull, UK.
| | | | - Cecilia Mui Lee Chng
- Advanced Practice Nurses, Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore.
| | - Hong-Gu He
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, National University of Singapore, Level 2, Clinical Research Centre Block MD11, Singapore.
| | - Piyanee Klainin-Yobas
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, National University of Singapore, Level 2, Clinical Research Centre Block MD11, Singapore.
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17
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Zhang H, Zhou Y, Cui Y, Yang J. The effectiveness of a rehabilitation programme for Chinese cancer survivors: A pilot study. Int J Nurs Pract 2014; 22:79-88. [DOI: 10.1111/ijn.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- School of Nursing; Harbin Medical University (Daqing); Daqing Heilong Jiang Province China
| | - Yuqiu Zhou
- School of Nursing; Harbin Medical University (Daqing); Daqing Heilong Jiang Province China
| | - Yuxia Cui
- School of Nursing; Harbin Medical University (Daqing); Daqing Heilong Jiang Province China
| | - Jinwei Yang
- School of Nursing; Harbin Medical University (Daqing); Daqing Heilong Jiang Province China
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18
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Shah LBI, Klainin-Yobas P, Torres S, Kannusamy P. Efficacy of psychoeducation and relaxation interventions on stress-related variables in people with mental disorders: a literature review. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2014; 28:94-101. [PMID: 24673782 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This paper aimed to critically review and summarize empirical evidence concerning the efficacy of psychoeducation or relaxation-based stress management interventions on stress-related variables in people with mental disorders. Electronic databases were used during the literature search. Thirteen articles that fulfilled the preset eligible criteria were included in the review. Findings indicated that psychoeducation and relaxation-based interventions mitigated stress and depression; and enhanced relaxation intensity and knowledge on stress management. However, mixed results were obtained on anxiety. In addition, interventions using virtual reality technology revealed positive effects on depression, relaxation intensity and anxiety. Limitations and recommendations for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Samantha Torres
- Faculty of Health and Social Care, Dearne Building, University Of Hull, UK.
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Sun J, Kang J, Wang P, Zeng H. Self-relaxation training can improve sleep quality and cognitive functions in the older: a one-year randomised controlled trial. J Clin Nurs 2013; 22:1270-80. [PMID: 23574290 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.12096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of self-relaxation training on sleep quality and cognitive functions in the older. BACKGROUND Ageing causes declines in sleep quality and cognitive functions in older adults, and decreased sleep quality also accelerates declines in cognitive functions. Therefore, it is necessary to find cost-effective interventions to enhance sleep quality in the older, thereby improving their cognitive functions or delaying cognitive decline. DESIGN Randomised controlled study. METHODS The study was conducted between July 2010 and June 2011 at Wangyuehu Community in Changsha, China. Eighty older adults with reduced sleep quality were selected and randomly assigned to experimental (n = 40) or control (n = 40) group. Subjects in the experimental group received self-relaxation training including progressive muscle relaxation and meditation based on sleep hygiene education, while the control group received sleep hygiene education only. Sleep quality and cognitive functions of the two groups were measured prior to training and at the end of the 3rd, 6th and 12th months using four reliable and valid questionnaires. RESULTS Repeated measures anova revealed that the self-relaxation training had significant main effect as well as interaction effect with time on sleep quality and cognitive functions. Except for scores of Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Mini-Mental State Examination and number memory, time had significant main effect on scores of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, picture memory, associative memory and understanding memory. CONCLUSION Self-relaxation training can improve sleep quality and cognitive functions in the older. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Self-relaxation training is a non-invasive, simple and inexpensive therapeutic method of improving sleep quality and cognitive functions in community-dwelling older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxian Sun
- School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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20
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Braga RJ, Reynolds GP, Siris SG. Anxiety comorbidity in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2013; 210:1-7. [PMID: 23932838 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Diagnostic and treatment hierarchical reductionisms have led to an oversight of anxiety syndromes in schizophrenia. Nevertheless, recent data have indicated that anxiety can be a significant source of morbidity in this patient group. This paper reviews current knowledge concerning anxiety comorbidity in schizophrenia, its epidemiology, course, and treatment. A computerized search of the literature published from 1966 to July 2012 was conducted on Medline. Comorbid anxiety disorders are present in 38.3% of subjects with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The most common anxiety disorder is social phobia followed by post-traumatic stress disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder. The presence and severity of symptoms of anxiety are associated with more severe clinical features and poorer outcomes. Available literature on the treatment consists primarily of case reports and open trials. Fragments of data support the notion of treating these anxiety states and syndromes as co-occurring clinical conditions with adjunctive medications and psychosocial interventions. However, additional work remains to be done on this issue before firm conclusions can be drawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael J Braga
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, Department of Psychiatry Research, Glen Oaks, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine at Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA.
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21
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Meta-analysis amplifies the conclusions of a systematic review. Comment on the systematic review of Vancampfort et al. 'Progressive muscle relaxation in persons with schizophrenia: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials'. Clin Rehabil 2013; 27:1146-8. [PMID: 24214109 DOI: 10.1177/0269215513486382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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22
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Isa MR, Moy FM, Abdul Razack AH, Zainuddin ZM, Zainal NZ. Impact of applied progressive deep muscle relaxation training on the level of depression, anxiety and stress among prostate cancer patients: a quasi-experimental study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 14:2237-42. [PMID: 23725119 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.4.2237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the impact of applied progressive muscle relaxation training on the levels of depression, anxiety and stress among prostate cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A quasi-experimental study was conducted at the University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) and Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) over six months. Prostate cancer patients from UMMC received the intervention and patients from UKMMC were taken as controls. The level of depression, anxiety and stress were measured using Depression, Anxiety Stress Scales - 21 (DASS-21). RESULTS A total of 77 patients from the UMMC and 78 patients from the UKMMC participated. At the end of the study, 90.9% and 87.2% of patients from the UMMC and UKMMC groups completed the study respectively. There were significant improvements in anxiety (p<0.001, partial ?2=0.198) and stress (p<0.001, partial ?2=0.103) at the end of the study in those receiving muscle training. However, there was no improvement in depression (p=0.956). CONCLUSIONS The improvement in anxiety and stress showed the potential of APMRT in the management of prostate cancer patients. Future studies should be carried out over a longer duration to provide stronger evidence for the introduction of relaxation therapy among prostate cancer patients as a coping strategy to improve their anxiety and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Rodi Isa
- Population Health and Preventive Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia.
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Helgason C, Sarris J. Mind-Body Medicine for Schizophrenia and Psychotic Disorders. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 7:138-48. [DOI: 10.3371/csrp.hesa.020813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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24
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Moriya R, Ikeda N. A pilot study of the effects of progressive muscle relaxation on fatigue specific to multiple sclerosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.12968/bjnn.2013.9.1.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rika Moriya
- Setsunan University, Faculty of Nursing, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata City, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Nanae Ikeda
- Senri Kinran University, Faculty of Nursing, Japan
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25
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Vancampfort D, Correll CU, Scheewe TW, Probst M, De Herdt A, Knapen J, De Hert M. Progressive muscle relaxation in persons with schizophrenia: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Clin Rehabil 2012; 27:291-8. [DOI: 10.1177/0269215512455531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effectiveness of progressive muscle relaxation on psychological distress and anxiety symptoms and on response/remission for people with schizophrenia. Methods: Randomized controlled trials were considered if they investigated progressive muscle relaxation in patients with schizophrenia. EMBASE, PsycINFO, PubMed, ISI Web of Science, CINAHL, PEDro and Cochrane Library were searched. The selection of studies, data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers. Results: Three randomized controlled trials involving 146 patients met the inclusion criteria. Progressive muscle relaxation can acutely reduce state anxiety and psychological distress and improve subjective well-being. No studies investigated the evidence for progressive muscle relaxation as an add-on treatment for general psychopathology and for positive or negative symptoms. Also, no studies assessed the value of progressive muscle relaxation in longer-term treatment and for relapse prevention. There were no data to draw any conclusions about progressive muscle relaxation in comparison with other treatment modalities. None of the studies encountered adverse events. Dose-response relationships could not be determined. Conclusion: Progressive muscle relaxation might be a useful add-on treatment to reduce state anxiety and psychological distress and improve subjective well-being in persons with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davy Vancampfort
- University Psychiatric Centre Catholic University Leuven, Campus Kortenberg, Kortenberg, Belgium
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, Catholic University Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Christoph U Correll
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, New York, USA
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Thomas W Scheewe
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michel Probst
- University Psychiatric Centre Catholic University Leuven, Campus Kortenberg, Kortenberg, Belgium
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, Catholic University Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Amber De Herdt
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, Catholic University Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Jan Knapen
- University Psychiatric Centre Catholic University Leuven, Campus Kortenberg, Kortenberg, Belgium
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, Catholic University Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Marc De Hert
- University Psychiatric Centre Catholic University Leuven, Campus Kortenberg, Kortenberg, Belgium
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26
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FORUZANDEH N, PARVIN N. Occupational therapy for inpatients with chronic schizophrenia: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Jpn J Nurs Sci 2012; 10:136-41. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7924.2012.00211.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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27
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Systematic review of the benefits of physical therapy within a multidisciplinary care approach for people with schizophrenia. Phys Ther 2012; 92:11-23. [PMID: 22052946 DOI: 10.2522/ptj.20110218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although schizophrenia is the fifth leading cause of disability-adjusted life years worldwide in people aged 15 to 44 years, the clinical evidence of physical therapy as a complementary treatment remains largely unknown. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to systematically review randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effectiveness of physical therapy for people with schizophrenia. DATA SOURCES EMBASE, PsycINFO, PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), and the Cochrane Library were searched from their inception until July 1, 2011, for relevant RCTs. In addition, manual search strategies were used. STUDY SELECTION Two reviewers independently determined study eligibility on the basis of inclusion criteria. DATA EXTRACTION Reviewers rated study quality and extracted information about study methods, design, intervention, and results. DATA SYNTHESIS Ten RCTs met all selection criteria; 6 of these studies addressed the use of aerobic and strength exercises. In 2 of these studies, yoga techniques also were investigated. Four studies addressed the use of progressive muscle relaxation. There is evidence that aerobic and strength exercises and yoga reduce psychiatric symptoms, state anxiety, and psychological distress and improve health-related quality of life, that aerobic exercise improves short-term memory, and that progressive muscle relaxation reduces state anxiety and psychological distress. LIMITATIONS The heterogeneity of the interventions and the small sample sizes of the included studies limit overall conclusions and highlight the need for further research. CONCLUSIONS Physical therapy offers added value in the multidisciplinary care of people with schizophrenia.
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28
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Díaz-Rodríguez L, Arroyo-Morales M, Fernández-de-las-Peñas C, García-Lafuente F, García-Royo C, Tomás-Rojas I. Immediate Effects of Reiki on Heart Rate Variability, Cortisol Levels, and Body Temperature in Health Care Professionals With Burnout. Biol Res Nurs 2011; 13:376-82. [PMID: 21821642 DOI: 10.1177/1099800410389166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Burnout is a work-related mental health impairment comprising three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment. Reiki aims to help replenish and rebalance the body’s energetic system, thus stimulating the healing process. The objective of this placebo-controlled, repeated measures, crossover, single-blind, randomized trial was to analyze the immediate effects of Reiki on heart rate variability (HRV), body temperature, and salivary flow rate and cortisol level in health care professionals with burnout syndrome (BS). Participants included 21 health care professionals with BS, who were asked to complete two visits to the laboratory with a 1-week interval between sessions. They were randomly assigned the order in which they would receive a Reiki session applied by an experienced therapist and a placebo treatment applied by a therapist with no knowledge of Reiki, who mimicked the Reiki treatment. Temperature, Holter ECG recordings (standard deviation of the normal-to-normal interval [SDNN], square root of mean squared differences of successive NN intervals [RMSSD], HRV index, low frequency component [LF], and high frequency component [HF]), salivary flow rate and cortisol levels were measured at baseline and postintervention by an assessor blinded to allocation group. SDNN and body temperature were significantly higher after the Reiki treatment than after the placebo. LF was significantly lower after the Reiki treatment. The decrease in the LF domain was associated with the increase in body temperature. These results suggest that Reiki has an effect on the parasympathetic nervous system when applied to health care professionals with BS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cesar Fernández-de-las-Peñas
- Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Esthesiology Laboratory of Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
| | | | - Carmen García-Royo
- Andalusian Health Service—Emergency, University Hospital San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
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29
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Högberg G, Nardo D, Hällström T, Pagani M. Affective psychotherapy in post-traumatic reactions guided by affective neuroscience: memory reconsolidation and play. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2011; 4:87-96. [PMID: 22114539 PMCID: PMC3218787 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s10380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reviews the affective neuroscience dealing with the effects of traumatic events. We give an overview of the normal fear reactions, the pathological fear reaction, and the character of emotional episodic memories. We find that both emotions and emotional memories are a tripartite unit of sensory information, autonomic reaction, and motor impulse (the PRM complex). We propose that emotions and movements are part and parcel of the same complex. This is our main finding from the review of affective neuroscience, and from here we focus on psychotherapy with post-trauma reactions. The finding of the process of memory reconsolidation opens up a new treatment approach: affective psychotherapy focused on reconsolidation. The meaning of reconsolidation is that an emotional memory, when retrieved and being active, will rest in a labile form, amenable to change, for a brief period of time, until it reconsolidates in the memory. This leads us to the conclusion that emotions, affects, must be evoked during the treatment session and that positive emotion must come first, because safety must be part of the new memories. In the proposed protocol of affective psychotherapy based on reconsolidation the emotional episodic memory is relived in a safe and positive setting, focused in turn on the sensory experience, the autonomic reaction, and the motor impulse. Then it is followed by a fantasy of a different positive version of the same event. All in all treatment should provide a series of new memories without fear related to the original event. With the focus on the motor program, and the actions, there is a natural link to art therapy and to the mode of play, which can rehearse and fantasize new positive actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Göran Högberg
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Unit, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Yang CY, Chen CH, Chu H, Chen WC, Lee TY, Chen SG, Chou KR. The Effect of Music Therapy on Hospitalized Psychiatric Patients’ Anxiety, Finger Temperature, and Electroencephalography. Biol Res Nurs 2011; 14:197-206. [DOI: 10.1177/1099800411406258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of music therapy in reducing anxiety in hospitalized psychiatric patients. Methodology: The authors used a randomized clinical trial design and randomly allocated the 24 enrolled participants to the experimental or the control group. Patients in the experimental group received music therapy in a therapy room at a set time for 30 min each morning for 11 days. The authors administered the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and measured skin temperature and brain waves to determine anxiety level before, during, and after music therapy. Results: Experimental group participants had lower scores on the BAI than control participants, after the music therapy ( z = −2.0, p < .05) and at 1-week follow-up ( z = −2.2, p < .05), indicating that they were experiencing significantly less anxiety. The mean BAI anxiety score fell in the experimental group from 23.9 ( SD = 9.9) at baseline to 13.9 ( SD = 8.8), after music therapy, and 12.7. ( SD = 10.5) at follow-up. The experimental group demonstrated a significant elevation in the average alpha electroencephalographic (EEG) percentage (from 38.1% to 46.7%) and a reduction in the average beta EEG percentage (from 61.9% to 53.4%) after the music therapy. After adjusting for change in patient finger temperature on the first day, mean change in finger temperature did not differ significantly between the experimental and control groups. Conclusions: Music therapy can relieve anxiety in hospitalized psychiatric patients and help them achieve a state of relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chyn-Yng Yang
- Department of Nursing, Taipei Medical Hospital and School of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Hua Chen
- School of Nursing, Mei-Ho Institute of Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin Chu
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chun Chen
- Department of Nursing, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tso-Ying Lee
- Department of Nursing, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shyi-Gen Chen
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Ru Chou
- Graduate Institute of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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31
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Vancampfort D, De Hert M, Knapen J, Maurissen K, Raepsaet J, Deckx S, Remans S, Probst M. Effects of progressive muscle relaxation on state anxiety and subjective well-being in people with schizophrenia: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil 2011; 25:567-75. [DOI: 10.1177/0269215510395633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the efficacy of a single progressive muscle relaxation session compared with a control condition on state anxiety, psychological stress, fatigue and subjective well-being in patients with schizophrenia. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: An acute inpatient care unit of an University Psychiatric Centre. Subjects: Sixty-four out of 88 eligible patients with schizophrenia. Interventions: Patients were randomly assigned to either a single progressive muscle relaxation session during 25 minutes or a resting control condition with the opportunity to read for an equal amount of time. Main outcome measures: Before and after the single interventions the State anxiety inventory and the Subjective exercise experiences scale were completed. Effect sizes were calculated. Results: Only within progressive muscle relaxation, participants (n=27) showed decreased state anxiety, psychological stress and fatigue and increased subjective well-being. Between-group differences in post scores were found for state anxiety, subjective well-being and psychological stress, but not for fatigue. The effect size favouring progressive muscle relaxation was 1.26 for subjective well-being and −1.25 and −1.02 for respectively state anxiety and psychological stress. Conclusions: Progressive muscle relaxation is highly effective in reducing acute feelings of stress and anxiety in patients with schizophrenia. A reduction in stress and state anxiety is associated with an increase in subjective well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davy Vancampfort
- University Psychiatric Centre Catholic University Leuven, Campus Kortenberg, Kortenberg, Belgium
Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc De Hert
- University Psychiatric Centre Catholic University Leuven, Campus Kortenberg, Kortenberg, Belgium
Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Knapen
- University Psychiatric Centre Catholic University Leuven, Campus Kortenberg, Kortenberg, Belgium
Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Maurissen
- University Psychiatric Centre Catholic University Leuven, Campus Kortenberg, Kortenberg, Belgium
Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julie Raepsaet
- University Psychiatric Centre Catholic University Leuven, Campus Kortenberg, Kortenberg, Belgium
| | - Seppe Deckx
- University Psychiatric Centre Catholic University Leuven, Campus Kortenberg, Kortenberg, Belgium
Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sander Remans
- University Psychiatric Centre Catholic University Leuven, Campus Kortenberg, Kortenberg, Belgium
| | - Michel Probst
- University Psychiatric Centre Catholic University Leuven, Campus Kortenberg, Kortenberg, Belgium
Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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A possible role for Progressive Muscle Relaxation in the treatment of persecutory ideation. Med Hypotheses 2010; 75:568-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2010.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2010] [Accepted: 07/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Oermann MH, Shaw-Kokot J, Knafl GJ, Dowell J. Dissemination of research into clinical nursing literature. J Clin Nurs 2010; 19:3435-42. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03427.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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