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Sharma R, Tiwari A, Kho AT, Wang AL, Srivastava U, Piparia S, Desai B, Wong R, Celedón JC, Peters SP, Smith LJ, Irvin CG, Castro M, Weiss ST, Tantisira KG, McGeachie MJ. Circulating MicroRNAs associated with Bronchodilator Response in Childhood Asthma. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3101724. [PMID: 37461659 PMCID: PMC10350209 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3101724/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Rationale Bronchodilator response (BDR) is a measure of improvement in airway smooth muscle tone, inhibition of liquid accumulation and mucus section into the lumen in response to short-acting beta-2 agonists that varies among asthmatic patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are well-known post-translational regulators. Identifying miRNAs associated with BDR could lead to a better understanding of the underlying complex pathophysiology. Objective The purpose of this study is to identify circulating miRNAs associated with bronchodilator response in asthma and decipher possible mechanism of bronchodilator response variation. Methods We used available small RNA sequencing on blood serum from 1,134 asthmatic children aged 6 to 14 years who participated in the Genetics of Asthma in Costa Rica Study (GACRS). We filtered the participants into high and low bronchodilator response (BDR) quartiles and used DeSeq2 to identify miRNAs with differential expression (DE) in high (N= 277) vs low (N= 278) BDR group. Replication was carried out in the Leukotriene modifier Or Corticosteroids or Corticosteroid-Salmeterol trial (LOCCS), an adult asthma cohort. The putative target genes of DE miRNAs were identified, and pathway enrichment analysis was performed. Results We identified 10 down-regulated miRNAs having odds ratios (OR) between 0.37 and 0.76 for a doubling of miRNA counts and one up-regulated miRNA (OR=2.26) between high and low BDR group. These were assessed for replication in the LOCCS cohort, where two miRNAs (miR-200b-3p and miR-1246) were associated. Further, functional annotation of 11 DE miRNAs were performed as well as of two replicated miRs. Target genes of these miRs were enriched in regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis by SREBPs, ESR-mediated signaling, G1/S transition, RHO GTPase cycle, and signaling by TGFB family pathways. Conclusion MiRNAs miR-1246 and miR-200b-3p are associated with both childhood and adult asthma BDR. Our findings add to the growing body of evidence that miRNAs play a significant role in the difference of asthma treatment response among patients as it points to genomic regulatory machinery underlying difference in bronchodilator response among patients. Trial registration LOCCS cohort [ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT00156819], GACRS cohort [ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT00021840].
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinku Sharma
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School
| | | | - Alvin T Kho
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School
| | | | | | | | - Brinda Desai
- University of California San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital
| | - Richard Wong
- University of California San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital
| | - Juan C Celedón
- University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh
| | | | | | | | | | - Scott T Weiss
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School
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Gereige JD, Xu H, Ortega VE, Cho MH, Liu M, Sakornsakolpat P, Silverman EK, Beaty TH, Miller BE, Bakke P, Gulsvik A, Hersh CP, Morrow JD, Ampleford EJ, Hawkins GA, Bleecker ER, Meyers DA, Peters SP, Celedón JC, Tantisira K, Li J, Dupuis J, O'Connor GT. A genome-wide association study of bronchodilator response in participants of European and African ancestry from six independent cohorts. ERJ Open Res 2022; 8:00484-2021. [PMID: 35769418 PMCID: PMC9234425 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00484-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bronchodilator response (BDR) is a measurement of acute bronchodilation in response to short-acting β2-agonists, with a heritability between 10 and 40%. Identifying genetic variants associated with BDR may lead to a better understanding of its complex pathophysiology. Methods We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of BDR in six adult cohorts with participants of European ancestry (EA) and African ancestry (AA) including community cohorts and cohorts ascertained on the basis of obstructive pulmonary disease. Validation analysis was carried out in two paediatric asthma cohorts. Results A total of 10 623 EA and 3597 AA participants were included in the analyses. No single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was associated with BDR at the conventional genome-wide significance threshold (p<5×10-8). Performing fine mapping and using a threshold of p<5×10-6 to identify suggestive variants of interest, we identified three SNPs with possible biological relevance: rs35870000 (within FREM1), which may be involved in IgE- and IL5-induced changes in airway smooth muscle cell responsiveness; rs10426116 (within ZNF284), a zinc finger protein, which has been implicated in asthma and BDR previously; and rs4782614 (near ATP2C2), involved in calcium transmembrane transport. Validation in paediatric cohorts yielded no significant SNPs, possibly due to age-genotype interaction effects. Conclusion Ancestry-stratified and ancestry-combined GWAS meta-analyses of over 14 000 participants did not identify genetic variants associated with BDR at the genome-wide significance threshold, although a less stringent threshold identified three variants showing suggestive evidence of association. A common definition and protocol for measuring BDR in research may improve future efforts to identify variants associated with BDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica D. Gereige
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep, and Critical Care Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hanfei Xu
- Dept of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Victor E. Ortega
- Division of Genetics, Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Michael H. Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ming Liu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Phuwanat Sakornsakolpat
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edwin K. Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Terri H. Beaty
- Dept of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Per Bakke
- Dept of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Amund Gulsvik
- Dept of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Craig P. Hersh
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jarrett D. Morrow
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth J. Ampleford
- Division of Genetics, Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Gregory A. Hawkins
- Division of Genetics, Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Eugene R. Bleecker
- Division of Genetics, Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Deborah A. Meyers
- Division of Genetics, Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Stephen P. Peters
- Division of Genetics, Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Juan C. Celedón
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kelan Tantisira
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of California and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jiang Li
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Dept of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - George T. O'Connor
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep, and Critical Care Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Muchão FP, Souza AVD, Souza JME, Silva LVRFD. Association between beta-2 adrenergic receptor variants and clinical outcomes in children and adolescents with acute asthma. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2022; 20:eAO6412. [PMID: 35352766 PMCID: PMC8932728 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2022ao6412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate whether different genotypes of p.Arg16Gly, p.Gln27Glu, p.Arg19Cys and p.Thr164Ile variants interfere in response to treatment in children and adolescents with moderate to severe acute asthma. Methods This sample comprised patients aged 2 to 17 years with a history of at least two wheezing episodes and current moderate to severe asthma exacerbation. All patients received multiple doses of albuterol and ipratropium bromide delivered via pressurized metered-dose inhaler with holding chamber and systemic corticosteroids. Hospital admission was defined as the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes were changes in forced expiratory volume in the first second after 1 hour of treatment, and for outpatients, length of stay in the emergency room. Variants were genotyped by sequencing. Results A total of 60 patients were evaluated. Hospital admission rates were significantly higher in carriers of the genotype AA relative to those with genotype AG or GG, within the p.Arg16Gly variant (p=0.03, test χ2, alpha=0.05). Secondary outcomes did not differ between genotypes. Conclusion Hospital admission rates were significantly higher among carriers of the genotype AA within the p.Arg16Gly variant. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01323010
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Karimi L, Vijverberg SJ, Engelkes M, Hernandez-Pacheco N, Farzan N, Soares P, Pino-Yanes M, Jorgensen AL, Eng C, Mukhopadhyay S, Schieck M, Kabesch M, Burchard EG, Chew FT, Sio YY, Potočnik U, Gorenjak M, Hawcutt DB, Palmer CN, Turner S, Janssens HM, Maitland-van der Zee AH, Verhamme KM. ADRB2 haplotypes and asthma exacerbations in children and young adults: An individual participant data meta-analysis. Clin Exp Allergy 2021; 51:1157-1171. [PMID: 34128573 PMCID: PMC8503671 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The polymorphism Arg16 in β2 -adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) gene has been associated with an increased risk of exacerbations in asthmatic children treated with long-acting β2 -agonists (LABA). However, it remains unclear whether this increased risk is mainly attributed to this single variant or the combined effect of the haplotypes of polymorphisms at codons 16 and 27. OBJECTIVE We assessed whether the haplotype analysis could explain the association between the polymorphisms at codons 16 (Arg16Gly) and 27 (Gln27Glu) in ADRB2 and risk of asthma exacerbations in patients treated with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) plus LABA. METHODS The study was undertaken using data from 10 independent studies (n = 5903) participating in the multi-ethnic Pharmacogenomics in Childhood Asthma (PiCA) consortium. Asthma exacerbations were defined as asthma-related use of oral corticosteroids or hospitalizations/emergency department visits in the past 6 or 12 months prior to the study visit/enrolment. The association between the haplotypes and the risk of asthma exacerbations was performed per study using haplo.stats package adjusted for age and sex. Results were meta-analysed using the inverse variance weighting method assuming random-effects. RESULTS In subjects treated with ICS and LABA (n = 832, age: 3-21 years), Arg16/Gln27 versus Gly16/Glu27 (OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.05-1.87, I2 = 0.0%) and Arg16/Gln27 versus Gly16/Gln27 (OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.05-1.94, I2 = 0.0%), but not Gly16/Gln27 versus Gly16/Glu27 (OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.71-1.39, I2 = 0.0%), were significantly associated with an increased risk of asthma exacerbations. The sensitivity analyses indicated no significant association between the ADRB2 haplotypes and asthma exacerbations in the other treatment categories, namely as-required short-acting β2 -agonists (n = 973), ICS monotherapy (n = 2623), ICS plus leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRA; n = 338), or ICS plus LABA plus LTRA (n = 686). CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The ADRB2 Arg16 haplotype, presumably mainly driven by the Arg16, increased the risk of asthma exacerbations in patients treated with ICS plus LABA. This finding could be beneficial in ADRB2 genotype-guided treatment which might improve clinical outcomes in asthmatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Karimi
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Susanne J. Vijverberg
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Engelkes
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Natalia Hernandez-Pacheco
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario N.S. de Candelaria, Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Genomics and Health Group, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Niloufar Farzan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Patricia Soares
- Academic department of Pediatrics, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Royal Alexandra Children’s Hospital, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Pino-Yanes
- Genomics and Health Group, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB), Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Andrea L. Jorgensen
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Celeste Eng
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Somnath Mukhopadhyay
- Academic department of Pediatrics, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Royal Alexandra Children’s Hospital, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Maximilian Schieck
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Allergy, University Children’s Hospital Regensburg (KUNO), Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Kabesch
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Allergy, University Children’s Hospital Regensburg (KUNO), Regensburg, Germany
| | - Esteban G. Burchard
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Fook Tim Chew
- Department of Biological Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yang Yie Sio
- Department of Biological Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Uroš Potočnik
- Center for Human Molecular Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Laboratory for Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genomics, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Mario Gorenjak
- Center for Human Molecular Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Daniel B. Hawcutt
- University of Liverpool and Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, members of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK
- NIHR Alder Hey Clinical Research Facility, Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Colin N. Palmer
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Steve Turner
- Child Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Hettie M. Janssens
- Department of Pediatrics/division Respiratory Medicine and Allergology Erasmus MC/Sophia Children’s Hospital, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anke H. Maitland-van der Zee
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Katia M.C. Verhamme
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Bioanalysis, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Conaway S, Nayak AP, Deshpande DA. Therapeutic potential and challenges of bitter taste receptors on lung cells. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2020; 51:43-49. [PMID: 32810767 PMCID: PMC7530014 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Airway smooth muscle (ASM) hyperresponsiveness and airway remodeling are pathological drivers of disease progression and mortality in asthma. Importantly, approximately 50% of affected individuals are unable to reliably manage disease symptoms using the current standard of care. Recently, T2Rs have been identified as a novel class of G protein-coupled receptors expressed in the airway that on activation can induce ASM relaxation and reduction in airway tone. Further, agonists of T2Rs may also remedy airway remodeling, which has been difficult to manage with currently available medications. In this review, we will discuss the recent developments in T2R biology and their role in cellular physiology (particularly ASM) and expand on the therapeutic potential of T2R agonists in treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Conaway
- Center for Translational Medicine, Jane and Leonard Korman Lung Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
| | - Ajay P Nayak
- Center for Translational Medicine, Jane and Leonard Korman Lung Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
| | - Deepak A Deshpande
- Center for Translational Medicine, Jane and Leonard Korman Lung Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States.
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Ballout J, Diener M. Interactions between rat submucosal neurons and mast cells are modified by cytokines and neurotransmitters. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 864:172713. [PMID: 31586631 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The role of mast cells during inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is discussed controversially. Whereas several studies report an increase in mast cell density during IBD, others found a decrease. Recently, we observed a reduced response to mast cell degranulation induced by antigen contact in a colitis model. As the effects of mast cell mediators on epithelial ion transport are mediated indirectly via stimulation of secretomotor neurons, we investigated in vitro whether proinflammatory cytokines change the response to mast cell degranulation. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and a mix of proinflammatory cytokines caused an increase of short-circuit current (Isc) and tissue conductance in rat colon. Anion secretion induced by histamine was downregulated in the presence of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and the cytokine mix, whereas the response to the mast cell stimulator compound 48/80 was not changed significantly. In a coculture of rat submucosal ganglionic cells with a mast cell line (RBL-2H3), TNFα preincubation for 1 d increased the percentage of neurons responding to mast cell degranulation with an increase of the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration and enhanced the amplitude of this response. Consequently, the downregulation of epithelial secretion is compensated by an increased sensitivity of secretomotor neurons leading to a constant response of the epithelium to compound 48/80. Furthermore, enteric neurons can modify mast cell functions as nicotine inhibited the increase in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration of RBL-2H3 cells and the Isc evoked by compound 48/80. Consequently, these in vitro models deliver new insights into cellular interactions in the gut wall under inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Ballout
- Institute for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Martin Diener
- Institute for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany.
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Scaparrotta A, Franzago M, Marcovecchio ML, Di Pillo S, Chiarelli F, Mohn A, Stuppia L. Role of THRB, ARG1, and ADRB2 Genetic Variants on Bronchodilators Response in Asthmatic Children. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 2019; 32:164-173. [PMID: 30855197 DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2018.1493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: An interindividual variability in response to short-acting bronchodilator drugs (short-acting inhaled β2-agonists, SABA) exists and this is linked in part to genetic factors. The aim of this study was to verify the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of a previously studied gene (ADRB2) and of new candidate genes (THRB and ARG1) on the acute response to SABA in children with asthma. Methods: One hundred asthmatic children (mean age 9.6 ± 3.0 years, 77 boys) underwent allergological and lung function evaluations. Spirometry was performed before and after bronchodilation test (BD test). The ADRB2 region containing the Arg16Gly (rs1042713) and Gln27Glu (rs1042714) variants were amplified by polymerase chain reaction, whereas ARG1 rs2781659 (A>G) and THRB rs892940 (G>A) SNPs were genotyped by high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis. Results: Seventy-seven percent of children developed asthma in the first 6 years of life. Allergic sensitization was observed in 92% (total immunoglobulin G: 529.8 ± 477. kU/L). All patients exhibited respiratory allergy: 43% has multiple respiratory, 22% to single respiratory, and 27% multiple respiratory and food allergies. Fifty four percent children showed positive BD response (forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1] > 12%). Presence of Arg/Gly or Gly/Gly genotypes in position 16 of ADRB2 was significantly associated to a worse BD response (post-BD FEV1: 108.68% ± 15.62% in Arg/Arg vs. 101.86% ± 14.03% in Arg/Gly or Gly/Gly patients, p = 0.02). No significant association was found between spirometric parameters before and after BD for the other three examined SNPs. Conclusion: The influence of genetic variability on responsiveness to drugs could become a key parameter to optimize a tailored therapy for young patients with asthma, especially if drug-resistance occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Scaparrotta
- 1 Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marica Franzago
- 1 Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Sabrina Di Pillo
- 1 Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Chiarelli
- 1 Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Angelika Mohn
- 1 Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- 3 Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,4 Center for Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), "G, d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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Beta 2 Adrenergic Receptor Genetic Polymorphisms in Bronchial Asthma: Relationship to Disease Risk, Severity, and Treatment Response. Lung 2018; 196:673-680. [PMID: 30178312 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-018-0153-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The β2-adrenergic receptor gene is one of the most extensively studied genes with respect to asthma prevalence and severity. The Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu polymorphisms in the β2-adrenergic receptor gene cause changes in the amino acids sequence of the receptor which may cause alteration in response to bronchodilators and the risk of asthma. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study was to determine the association between β2-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphisms and asthma risk, severity and response to therapy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS 58 asthmatic patients and 38 healthy subjects were included. The β2-adrenergic receptor polymorphisms genotyping was done using Real-Time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The allelic frequencies for the Arg16Gly polymorphism were 15.5%, 48.3%, and 36.2% for the homozygous A wild, heterozygous, and homozygous G mutant alleles in asthmatics (P < 0.01) and 5.3%, 47.4%, and 47.4% in healthy subjects (P < 0.01). For the Gln27Glu polymorphism, the allelic frequencies for the homozygous C wild, heterozygous and homozygous G mutant alleles were 51.7%, 41.4%, and 6.9% in asthmatics (P < 0.01) and 44.7%, 39.5%, and 15.8% in healthy subjects (P < 0.01). The heterozygous Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu were found in most of severe asthma cases (7/13, 53.8% each). While homozygous wild and mutant seemed to be protective and associated with mild disease in both alleles. Finally, 75% of Arg16Gly heterozygous group were good responders (P < 0.01), 81% of homozygous G mutant were bad responders. For Gln27Glu polymorphism, 60% of C wild group were good responders and 75% of G mutant group were bad responders. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that the Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu polymorphisms in the β2-AR gene are associated with asthma severity and response to therapy and might be used in personalized treatment for these patients in the future. This work is registered in ClinicalTrial.gov with ID: NCT03118869.
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Ku AF, Cuny GD. Discovery of 7-hydroxyaporphines as conformationally restricted ligands for beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic receptors. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:353-356. [PMID: 30108929 PMCID: PMC6083790 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00656j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of (-)-nornuciferidine derivatives was synthesized and the non-natural enantiomer of the aporphine alkaloid was discovered to be a potent β1- and β2-adrenergic receptor ligand that antagonized isoproterenol and procaterol induced cyclic AMP increases from adenylyl cyclase, respectively. Progressive deconstruction of the tetracyclic scaffold to less complex cyclic and acyclic analogues revealed that the conformationally restricted (6a-R,7-R)-7-hydroxyaporphine 2 (AK-2-202) was necessary for efficient receptor binding and antagonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela F Ku
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Houston , Science and Research Building 2 , Houston , Texas 77204 , USA .
| | - Gregory D Cuny
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Houston , Science and Research Building 2 , Houston , Texas 77204 , USA .
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Emeryk-Maksymiuk J, Emeryk A, Krawczyk P, Wojas-Krawczyk K, Milanowski J. Beta-2-adrenoreceptor polymorphism at position 16 determines the clinical severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2017; 43:1-5. [PMID: 28093224 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Arg/Arg homozygosity at codon 16 of the beta-2-adrenoreceptor (ADRB2) gene has been thought to predispose asthma patients to a poorer therapeutic response to beta-2-mimetics, or to worse control of the disease. In contrast, the results of the studies analysing the effect of ADRB2 polymorphisms on the response to beta-2-adrenoreceptor agonists in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are sparse and inconclusive. The aim of this research was to verify if p.Arg16Gly (c.46A > G) and p.Gly27Glu (c.79G > C) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) exert a negative effect on the selected clinical indicators of COPD. The SNPs of the ADRB2 were identified by multiplex allele-specific PCR on DNA isolated from the venous blood leukocytes of 92 patients with stable grade COPD. In addition, all of the patients were asked about the course of COPD during the 12 months preceding the study, including the frequency of exacerbations requiring hospitalisation, the number of antibiotic therapy courses given due to the lower respiratory tract infection, and the number of courses of systemic corticosteroid therapy administered due to the exacerbation of COPD. Arg/Arg homozygotes at codon 16 required at least two courses of antibiotic therapy administered as a result of a lower respiratory tract infection significantly more frequently than carriers of other polymorphic variants of the ADRB2. Moreover, they were the only ones who required three or more courses of corticosteroid therapy due to COPD exacerbation. No significant relationships were observed between the polymorphism at codon 27 and the analysed clinical indicators of COPD severity. These data suggested that Arg/Arg homozygosity at codon 16 of the ADRB2 gene predisposes patients to a clinically more severe course of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Emeryk-Maksymiuk
- Chair of Internal Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine in Nursing, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland; Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Emeryk
- Clinic of Pediatric Pulmonology and Rheumatology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Paweł Krawczyk
- Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Kamila Wojas-Krawczyk
- Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Janusz Milanowski
- Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Muchão FP, Souza JME, Torres HCC, De Lalibera IB, de Souza AV, Rodrigues JC, Schvartsman C, da Silva Filho LVRF. Albuterol via metered-dose inhaler in children: Lower doses are effective, and higher doses are safe. Pediatr Pulmonol 2016; 51:1122-1130. [PMID: 27171324 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.23469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ideal dosing of albuterol via metered-dose inhalers for acute childhood asthma is not well established. We hypothesized that greater doses of albuterol would result in less time in the hospital and lower admission rates. METHODS This was a randomized controlled double-blind multicenter study, conducted in emergency rooms (ER). We included patients with 2-17 years old with moderate to severe acute asthma (Pediatric Respiratory Assessment Measure, PRAM, score ≥5). Dosages administered during the first hour included: 6 (up to 25 kg) or 12 puffs (>25 kg) in the control group and 9 (up to 15 kg), 12 (>15-20 kg), 15 (>20-25 kg), or 18 puffs (>25 kg) in the study group. Several efficacy (changes in PRAM score, pulse oximetry, and FEV1 , length of stay, and admission rates) and safety (albuterol plasma levels, heart rate, serum potassium, glucose and bicarbonate levels, EKG, and tremor rates) outcome measures were assessed. RESULTS We included 119 patients with similar baseline conditions, and no significant differences were observed between groups in the length of stay (P = 0.48) or admission rate (P = 0.55). No significant differences were observed in FEV1 , PRAM score, and pulse oximetry changes after 1 hr and at discharge or admission. No significant differences were observed in safety outcomes between groups. CONCLUSIONS Higher albuterol dosage regimens did not result in lower admission rate or shorter length of stay in the ER, but showed similar safety profile for children with moderate to severe acute asthma. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2016;51:1122-1130. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Pereira Muchão
- Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Centro de Pesquisa Experimental-Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Miguita E Souza
- Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Andréa Vieira de Souza
- Centro de Pesquisa Experimental-Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joaquim Carlos Rodrigues
- Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudio Schvartsman
- Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Vicente Ribeiro Ferreira da Silva Filho
- Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Centro de Pesquisa Experimental-Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Laboratório de Virologia-Instituto de Medicina Tropical, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Pharmacogenetic Effects of Inhaled Salbutamol on 10-km Time Trial Performance in Competitive Male and Female Cyclists. Clin J Sport Med 2016; 26:145-51. [PMID: 25894531 DOI: 10.1097/jsm.0000000000000201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the adrenergic β2-receptor gene (ADRB2, rs1042713, and rs1042714) and epithelial Na channel gene (SCNN1A, rs2228576) on cycling performance after the inhalation of salbutamol. DESIGN Randomized double-blind, mixed-model repeated measures. SETTING University Research Setting. PARTICIPANTS Sixty-nine trained (maximal oxygen consumption: 62.3 ± 7.6 mL·kg·min) male and female cyclists, aged 19 to 40 years. INTERVENTIONS Participants performed two 10-km time trials 60 minutes after the inhalation of 400 μg of salbutamol or placebo. Subjects were genotyped for the three SNPs (rs1042713: AA 8, AG 30 GG 31; rs1042714: CC 19, CG 35, GG 15; rs2228576: GG: 31 GA: 34 AA: 4). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) was assessed immediately before and 30 minutes after inhalation. Performance was measured by mean power output maintained over the duration of the time trial. RESULTS There was a significant increase in FEV1 after the inhalation of salbutamol [mean (SD) = 5.68% (4.7)] compared with placebo [0.84% (2.8); P < 0.001]; however, this did not lead to an improvement in 10-km cycling time trial performance. Neither the bronchodilatory response nor the time trial performance after salbutamol was affected by genotype at any of the 3 SNPs. CONCLUSIONS In cyclists, FEV1 was significantly improved after salbutamol administration regardless of genotypic variation at the ADRB2 (rs1042713 and rs1042714) and SCNN1A (rs2228576) genes. Despite this improvement in lung function, 10-km time trial performance was not altered after the inhalation of salbutamol. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our findings did not show genotype-dependent differences in bronchodilatory responses and athletic performance to inhaled salbutamol, suggesting that genotype-specific drug therapy will not improve asthmatic athletes' care nor athletic performance.
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Wang DW, Liu M, Wang P, Zhan X, Liu YQ, Zhao LS. ADRB2 polymorphisms predict the risk of myocardial infarction and coronary artery disease. Genet Mol Biol 2015; 38:433-43. [PMID: 26692153 PMCID: PMC4763328 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-475738420140234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the rs1042713 G > A and rs1042714 C > G polymorphisms in the beta-2
adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) gene were shown to be related to atherosclerosis
diseases. Therefore, we performed a systemic meta-analysis to determine whether the
two functional polymorphisms are related to the risk of myocardial infarction (MI)
and coronary artery disease (CAD). We identified published studies that are relevant
to our topic of interest. Seven case-control studies, with a total of 6,843 subjects,
were incorporated into the current meta-analysis. Our analysis showed a higher
frequency of rs1042713 G > A variant in patients with MI or CAD compared to
healthy controls. A similar result was also obtained with the rs1042714 C > G
variant under both the allele and dominant models. Ethnicity-stratified subgroup
analysis suggested that the rs1042714 C > G variant correlated with an increased
risk of the two diseases in both Asians and Caucasians, while rs1042713 G > A only
contributes to the risk of two diseases in Asians. In the disease type-stratified
subgroups, the frequencies of both the rs1042713 G > A and rs1042714 C > G
variants were higher in the cases than in the controls in both the MI and CAD
subgroups. Collectively, our data contribute towards understanding the correlation
between the rs1042713 G > A and rs1042714 C > G polymorphisms in
ADRB2 and the susceptibility to MI and CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Wei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Zhan
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Qing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Luo-Sha Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
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Leite N, Lazarotto L, Milano GE, Titski ACK, Consentino CLM, de Mattos F, de Andrade FA, Furtado-Alle L. [Beta 2-adrenergic receptor gene association with overweight and asthma in children and adolescents and its relationship with physical fitness]. REVISTA PAULISTA DE PEDIATRIA : ORGAO OFICIAL DA SOCIEDADE DE PEDIATRIA DE SAO PAULO 2015; 33:381-6. [PMID: 26409918 PMCID: PMC4685556 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpped.2015.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the association of Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu polymorphisms of β2-adrenergic receptor gene (ADRB2 ) with the occurrence of asthma and overweight and the gene's influence on anthropometric, clinic, biochemical and physical fitness variables in children and adolescents. Methods: Subjects were evaluated for allelic frequencies of the β2-adrenergic receptor gene, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), BMI Z -score, waist circumference (WC), pubertal stage, resting heart rate (HRres), blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol (TC), glucose, insulin, high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), Homeostasis Metabolic Assessment (HOMA2-IR), Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). The participants were divided in four groups: overweight asthmatic (n =39), overweight non-asthmatic (n =115), normal weight asthmatic (n =12), and normal weight non-asthmatic (n =40). Results: Regarding the Gln27Glu polymorphism, higher total cholesterol was observed in usual genotype individuals than in genetic variant carriers (p =0.04). No evidence was found that the evaluated polymorphisms are influencing the physical fitness. The Arg16 allele was found more frequently among the normal weight asthmatic group when compared to the normal weight non-asthmatic group (p =0.02), and the Glu27 allele was more frequently found in the overweight asthmatics group when compared to the normal weight non-asthmatic group (p =0.03). Conclusions: The association of Arg16 allele with the occurrence of asthma and of the Glu27 allele with overweight asthmatic adolescents evidenced the contribution of the β2-adrenergic receptor gene to the development of obesity and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neiva Leite
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brasil.
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Berenguer AG. I feel you-monitoring environmental variables related to asthma in an integrated real-time frame. BMC Res Notes 2015; 8:431. [PMID: 26361763 PMCID: PMC4566483 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1421-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of asthma and other complex diseases has proven to be a "moving target" for researchers due to its complex aetiology, difficulty in definition, and immeasurable environmental effects. A large number of studies regarding the contribution of both genetic and environmental factors often result in contradictory results, in part due to the highly heterogeneous nature of asthma. Recent literature has focused on the epigenetic signatures of asthma caused by environmental factors, highlighting the importance of environment. However, unlike the genetic techniques, environmental assessment still lacks accuracy. A plausible solution for this problem would be an individual-based environmental exposure assessment, relying on new technologies such as personal real-time environmental sensors. This could prove to enable the assessment of the whole environmental exposure-or exposome-matching in terms of precision the genome that is emphasized in most studies so far. In addition, the measurement of the whole array of biological molecules, in response to the environment action, could help understand the context of the disease. The current perspective comprises a beyond-genetics integrated vision of omics technology coupled with real-time environmental measures targeting to enhance our comprehension of the disease genesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabela Gonçalves Berenguer
- Human Genetics Laboratory, University of Madeira, 9000-390, Funchal, Portugal. .,Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Oulu, PL 4500, 90014, Oulu, Finland.
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de Paiva ACZ, Marson FADL, Ribeiro JD, Bertuzzo CS. Asthma: Gln27Glu and Arg16Gly polymorphisms of the beta2-adrenergic receptor gene as risk factors. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2014; 10:8. [PMID: 24499171 PMCID: PMC3930554 DOI: 10.1186/1710-1492-10-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma is caused by both environmental and genetic factors. The ADRB2 gene, which encodes the beta 2-adrenergic receptor, is one of the most extensively studied genes with respect to asthma prevalence and severity. The Arg16Gly (+46A > G) and Gln27Glu (+79C > G) polymorphisms in the ADRB2 gene cause changes in the amino acids flanking the receptor ligand site, altering the response to bronchodilators and the risk of asthma through complex pathways. The ADRB2 polymorphisms affect beta-adrenergic bronchodilator action and are a tool to identify at-risk populations. Objective To determine the frequency of these two polymorphisms in allergic asthma patients and healthy subjects and to correlate these data with the occurrence and severity of asthma. Methods Eighty-eight allergic asthma patients and 141 healthy subjects were included in this study. The ADRB2 polymorphisms were analyzed using the amplification-refractory mutation system – polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) technique. The statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS 21.0 software using the Fisher’s Exact and χ2 tests. Results The ADRB2 polymorphisms were associated with asthma occurrence. The Arg16Arg, Gln27Gln and Gln27Glu genotypes were risk factors; the odds ratios were 6.782 (CI = 3.07 to 16.03), 2.120 (CI = 1.22 to 3.71) and 8.096 (CI = 3.90 to 17.77), respectively. For the Gly16Gly and Glu27Glu genotypes, the odds ratios were 0.312 (CI = 0.17 to 0.56) and 0.084 (CI = 0.04 to 0.17), respectively. The haplotype analysis showed that there were associations between the following groups: Arg16Arg-Gln27Gln (OR = 5.108, CI = 1.82 to 16.37), Gly16Gly-Glu27Glu (OR = 2.816, CI = 1.25 to 6.54), Arg16Gly-Gln27Glu (OR = 0.048, CI = 0.01 to 0.14) and Gly16Gly-Gln27Glu (OR = 0.1036, CI = 0.02 to 0.39). The polymorphism Gln27Glu was associated with asthma severity, as the Gln27Gln genotype was a risk factor for severe asthma (OR = 2.798, CI = 1.099 to 6.674) and the Gln27Glu genotype was a protective factor for mild (OR = 3.063, CI = 1.037 to 9.041) and severe (OR = 0.182, CI = 0.048 to 0.691) asthma. Conclusions The Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu polymorphisms in the ADRB2 gene are associated with asthma presence and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernando Augusto de Lima Marson
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo zip code: 13081-970, Brazil.
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Bollmeier SG, Lee SY. The emerging role of tiotropium for patients with asthma. Ann Pharmacother 2013; 47:704-13. [PMID: 23613100 DOI: 10.1345/aph.1r641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review clinical data on the use of the long-acting anticholinergic agent tiotropium in patients with asthma. DATA SOURCES A literature search was performed via EMBASE and MEDLINE (1966-November 2012). The search was limited to human data published in the English language. Search terms included asthma, tiotropium, and long-acting anticholinergics. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION Relevant information related to the use of tiotropium in patients with asthma was reviewed. Randomized controlled trials and open-label trials were included. The references of published articles identified in the search were also examined for additional studies appropriate to include in the review. Data were prioritized if they originated from human studies, especially if derived from randomized, placebo-controlled trials. Trials and case reports involving the use of long-acting anticholinergic tiotropium in asthma patients were included; conversely, trials involving ipratropium were not. DATA SYNTHESIS Two large randomized controlled trials support the safety and efficacy of adding tiotropium to the treatment regimen of select patients with poorly controlled asthma already receiving combination high-dose glucocorticosteroid/long-acting β-agonist (LABA) therapy. Pharmacogenomic studies have shown that patients with polymorphisms of the β2-adrenoreceptor (ADRB2; 16 Arg/Arg and 16 Arg/Gly) are particularly responsive to treatment with tiotropium. Smaller studies indicate that the advantages may be most pronounced in patients with a predominance of sputum neutrophils and that tiotropium can assist with decreasing the inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) dose. An increased risk of cardiovascular events was not identified. CONCLUSIONS Tiotropium should be considered in patients with asthma who remain symptomatic while receiving high-dose ICS and LABA therapy. Specifically, patients with high sputum neutrophil levels or with 16 Arg/Arg or 16 Arg/Gly polymorphism of the ADRB2 gene appear to respond best.
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Luo YL, Guo HM, Zhang YL, Chen PX, Zhu YX, Huang JH, Zhou WL. Cellular mechanism underlying formaldehyde-stimulated Cl- secretion in rat airway epithelium. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54494. [PMID: 23372735 PMCID: PMC3553115 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies suggest that formaldehyde (FA) could be synthesized endogeneously and transient receptor potential (TRP) channel might be the sensor of FA. However, the physiological significance is still unclear. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The present study investigated the FA induced epithelial Cl(-) secretion by activation of TRPV-1 channel located in the nerve ending fiber. Exogenously applied FA induced an increase of I(SC) in intact rat trachea tissue but not in the primary cultured epithelial cells. Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis identified TRPV-1 expression in rat tracheal nerve ending. Capsazepine (CAZ), a TRPV-1 specific antagonist significantly blocked the I(SC) induced by FA. The TRPV-1 agonist capsaicin (Cap) induced an increase of I(SC), which was similar to the I(SC) induced by FA. L-703606, an NK-1 specific inhibitor and propranolol, an adrenalin β receptor inhibitor significantly abolished the I(SC) induced by FA or Cap. In the ion substitute analysis, FA could not induce I(SC) in the absence of extracelluar Cl(-). The I(SC) induced by FA could be blocked by the non-specific Cl(-) channel inhibitor DPC and the CFTR specific inhibitor CFTR(i-172), but not by the Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) channel inhibitor DIDS. Furthermore, both forskolin, an agonist of adenylate cyclase (AC) and MDL-12330A, an antagonist of AC could block FA-induced I(SC). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that FA-induced epithelial I(SC) response is mediated by nerve, involving the activation of TRPV-1 and release of adrenalin as well as substance P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Li Luo
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Mei Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Lin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng-Xiao Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun-Xin Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie-Hong Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Liang Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Wang IJ, Tsai CH, Kuo NW, Chiang BL, Tung KY, Lee YL. Home dampness, beta-2 adrenergic receptor genetic polymorphisms, and asthma phenotypes in children. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2012; 118:72-78. [PMID: 22883364 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2012.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2011] [Revised: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dampness in the home is a strong risk factor for respiratory symptoms and constitutes a significant public health issue in subtropical areas. However, little is known about the effects of dampness and genetic polymorphisms on asthma. METHODS In 2007, 6078 schoolchildren were evaluated using a standard questionnaire with regard to information about respiratory symptoms and environmental exposure. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the effects of home dampness and beta-2-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) gene polymorphisms on the prevalence of asthma and selected indicators of severity of asthma. RESULTS The frequency of mildewy odor, the number of walls with water stamp, and the duration of water damage were all associated with being awakened at night due to wheezing. However, no other clear-cut associations were found for any of the other indicators of asthma. Children exposed to mildewy odor with ADRB2 Arg/Arg genotype were associated with being awakened at night due to wheezing (OR=1.95, 95% CI, 1.14-3.36), compared to those without exposure and with the ADRB2 Gly allele. ADRB2 Arg16Gly showed a significant interactive effect with home dampness on being awakened at night due to wheezing and current wheezing, but no significant effect on active asthma and medication use. Frequency and degree of home dampness were also associated with the prevalence of asthma and selected indicators of severity of asthma, in an exposure-response manner among children with ADRB2 Arg/Arg genotype. CONCLUSIONS Home dampness prevention is one of the important steps of asthma control, especially in children carrying ADRB2 Arg/Arg genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Jen Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Hospital, Department of Health, Taipei, Taiwan
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Insel PA. β(2)-Adrenergic receptor polymorphisms and signaling: Do variants influence the "memory" of receptor activation? Sci Signal 2011; 4:pe37. [PMID: 21868355 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2002352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Nonsynonymous, coding sequence single-nucleotide polymorphisms in β(2)-adrenergic receptors were first recognized almost 20 years ago, but a full understanding of their impact on signal transduction-especially on receptor abundance in native cells and their clinical importance-remains unclear. New evidence has revealed a feature of the Arg(16)Gly variant of β(2)-adrenergic receptors that has not been previously noted: a difference in the rate of response upon repeated stimulation of the receptors, such that the Arg(16) variant shows slower activation and the Gly(16) variant faster activation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) formation-a feature that the authors term "receptor memory." This is an intriguing idea but will require confirmation and demonstration of its functional importance in vivo and its possible contribution to clinical responses, especially in terms of the administration of β(2)-adrenergic agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Insel
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2011; 17:50-3. [PMID: 21116136 DOI: 10.1097/mcp.0b013e3283418f95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Chu HW, Lloyd CM, Karmaus W, Maestrelli P, Mason P, Salcedo G, Thaikoottathil J, Wardlaw AJ. Developments in the field of allergy in 2009 through the eyes of Clinical and Experimental Allergy. Clin Exp Allergy 2011; 40:1611-31. [PMID: 21039970 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2010.03625.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In 2009 the journal published in the region of 200 papers including reviews, editorials, opinion pieces and original papers that ran the full gamut of allergic disease. It is instructive to take stock of this output to determine patterns of interest and where the cutting edge lies. We have surveyed the field of allergic disease as seen through the pages of Clinical and Experimental Allergy (CEA) highlighting trends, emphasizing notable observations and placing discoveries in the context of other key papers published during the year. The review is divided into similar sections as the journal. In the field of Asthma and Rhinitis CEA has contributed significantly to the debate about asthma phenotypes and expressed opinions about the cause of intrinsic asthma. It has also added its halfpennyworth to the hunt for meaningful biomarkers. In Mechanisms the considerable interest in T cell subsets including Th17 and T regulatory cells continues apace and the discipline of Epidemiology continues to invoke a steady stream of papers on risk factors for asthma with investigators still trying to explain the post-second world war epidemic of allergic disease. Experimental Models continue to make important contributions to our understanding of pathogenesis of allergic disease and in the Clinical Allergy section various angles on immunotherapy are explored. New allergens continue to be described in the allergens section to make those allergen chips even more complicated. A rich and vibrant year helpfully summarized by some of our associate editors.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Chu
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
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