1
|
Hickey ME, Richards GP, Lee JL. Development of a two-step, non-probed multiplex real-time PCR for surveilling Vibrio anguillarum in seawater. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2015; 38:551-559. [PMID: 25039502 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio anguillarum is an aggressive and halophilic bacterial pathogen most commonly originating from seawater. Vibrio anguillarum presence in fisheries and aquaculture facilities causes significant morbidity and mortality among aquaculture species primarily from haemorrhaging of the body and skin of the infected fish that eventually leads to death, collectively recognized as the disease vibriosis. This study served to develop a non-probe, multiplex real-time PCR assay to rapidly detect V. anguillarum presence in seawater. Specific primers targeting genes vah1, empA and rpoN of V. anguillarum were selected for multiplex reaction among 11 different primer sets and the extension step was eliminated. Primer concentration, denaturation time as well as annealing time and temperature of DNA amplification were optimized, thus reducing reaction duration. The two-step, non-probed multiplex real-time PCR set forth by this study detects as little as 3 CFU mL(-1) of V. anguillarum presence in sea water, without enrichment cultivation, in 70 min with molecular precision and includes melting curve confirmation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M E Hickey
- Department of Human Ecology, Food Science Program, College of Agricultural and Related Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Frans I, Dierckens K, Crauwels S, Van Assche A, Leisner J, Larsen MH, Michiels CW, Willems KA, Lievens B, Bossier P, Rediers H. Does virulence assessment of Vibrio anguillarum using sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae correspond with genotypic and phenotypic characterization? PLoS One 2013; 8:e70477. [PMID: 23936439 PMCID: PMC3735585 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vibriosis is one of the most ubiquitous fish diseases caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Vibrio such as Vibrio (Listonella) anguillarum. Despite a lot of research efforts, the virulence factors and mechanism of V. anguillarum are still insufficiently known, in part because of the lack of standardized virulence assays. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We investigated and compared the virulence of 15 V. anguillarum strains obtained from different hosts or non-host niches using a standardized gnotobiotic bioassay with European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) larvae as model hosts. In addition, to assess potential relationships between virulence and genotypic and phenotypic characteristics, the strains were characterized by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (rep-PCR) analyses, as well as by phenotypic analyses using Biolog's Phenotype MicroArray™ technology and some virulence factor assays. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Virulence testing revealed ten virulent and five avirulent strains. While some relation could be established between serotype, genotype and phenotype, no relation was found between virulence and genotypic or phenotypic characteristics, illustrating the complexity of V. anguillarum virulence. Moreover, the standardized gnotobiotic system used in this study has proven its strength as a model to assess and compare the virulence of different V. anguillarum strains in vivo. In this way, the bioassay contributes to the study of mechanisms underlying virulence in V. anguillarum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingeborg Frans
- Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME&BIM), Thomas More Mechelen, Campus De Nayer, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven Association, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
- Scientia Terrae Research Institute, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
- Centre for Food and Microbial Technology, M2S, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
- Laboratory of Aquaculture and Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Production, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Kristof Dierckens
- Laboratory of Aquaculture and Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Production, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Sam Crauwels
- Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME&BIM), Thomas More Mechelen, Campus De Nayer, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven Association, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
- Scientia Terrae Research Institute, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - Ado Van Assche
- Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME&BIM), Thomas More Mechelen, Campus De Nayer, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven Association, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
- Scientia Terrae Research Institute, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - Jørgen Leisner
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Marianne H. Larsen
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Chris W. Michiels
- Centre for Food and Microbial Technology, M2S, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Kris A. Willems
- Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME&BIM), Thomas More Mechelen, Campus De Nayer, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven Association, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
- Scientia Terrae Research Institute, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - Bart Lievens
- Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME&BIM), Thomas More Mechelen, Campus De Nayer, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven Association, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
- Scientia Terrae Research Institute, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - Peter Bossier
- Laboratory of Aquaculture and Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Production, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Hans Rediers
- Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME&BIM), Thomas More Mechelen, Campus De Nayer, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven Association, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
- Scientia Terrae Research Institute, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Frans I, Michiels CW, Bossier P, Willems KA, Lievens B, Rediers H. Vibrio anguillarum as a fish pathogen: virulence factors, diagnosis and prevention. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2011; 34:643-661. [PMID: 21838709 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2011.01279.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio anguillarum, also known as Listonella anguillarum, is the causative agent of vibriosis, a deadly haemorrhagic septicaemic disease affecting various marine and fresh/brackish water fish, bivalves and crustaceans. In both aquaculture and larviculture, this disease is responsible for severe economic losses worldwide. Because of its high morbidity and mortality rates, substantial research has been carried out to elucidate the virulence mechanisms of this pathogen and to develop rapid detection techniques and effective disease-prevention strategies. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge pertaining to V. anguillarum, focusing on pathogenesis, known virulence factors, diagnosis, prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Frans
- Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management, Consortium for Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, K.U. Leuven Association, Lessius Mechelen, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|