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Ababneh H, Balogh E, Csiki DM, Lente G, Fenyvesi F, Tóth A, Jeney V. High glucose promotes osteogenic differentiation of human lens epithelial cells through hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) activation. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31211. [PMID: 38304971 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Cataract, a leading cause of blindness, is characterised by lens opacification. Type 2 diabetes is associated with a two- to fivefold higher prevalence of cataracts. The risk of cataract formation increases with the duration of diabetes and the severity of hyperglycaemia. Hydroxyapatite deposition is present in cataractous lenses that could be the consequence of osteogenic differentiation and calcification of lens epithelial cells (LECs). We hypothesised that hyperglycaemia might promote the osteogenic differentiation of human LECs (HuLECs). Osteogenic medium (OM) containing excess phosphate and calcium with normal (1 g/L) or high (4.5 g/L) glucose was used to induce HuLEC calcification. High glucose accelerated and intensified OM-induced calcification of HuLECs, which was accompanied by hyperglycaemia-induced upregulation of the osteogenic markers Runx2, Sox9, alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin, as well as nuclear translocation of Runx2. High glucose-induced calcification was abolished in Runx2-deficient HuLECs. Additionally, high glucose stabilised the regulatory alpha subunits of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), triggered nuclear translocation of HIF-1α and increased the expression of HIF-1 target genes. Gene silencing of HIF-1α or HIF-2α attenuated hyperglycaemia-induced calcification of HuLECs, while hypoxia mimetics (desferrioxamine, CoCl2) enhanced calcification of HuLECs under normal glucose conditions. Overall, this study suggests that high glucose promotes HuLEC calcification via Runx2 and the activation of the HIF-1 signalling pathway. These findings may provide new insights into the pathogenesis of diabetic cataracts, shedding light on potential factors for intervention to treat this sight-threatening condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneen Ababneh
- Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, MTA-DE Lendület Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Enikő Balogh
- Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, MTA-DE Lendület Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dávid Máté Csiki
- Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, MTA-DE Lendület Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gréta Lente
- Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, MTA-DE Lendület Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Fenyvesi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Andrea Tóth
- Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, MTA-DE Lendület Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Viktória Jeney
- Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, MTA-DE Lendület Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Qi L, Zhang H, Guo Y, Zhang C, Xu Y. Novel Calcium-Binding Peptide from Bovine Bone Collagen Hydrolysates and Its Potential Pro-Osteogenic Activity via Calcium-Sensing Receptor (CaSR). Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2200726. [PMID: 38161238 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE This paper aims to explore the osteogenic activity and potential mechanism of the peptide-calcium chelate, and provides a theoretical basis for peptide-calcium chelates as functional foods to prevent or improve osteoporosis. METHODS AND RESULTS In this research, a novel peptide (Phe-Gly-Leu, FGL) with a high calcium-binding capacity is screened from bovine bone collagen hydrolysates (CPs), calcium binding sites of which mainly included carbonyl, amino and carboxyl groups. The FGL-Ca significantly enhances the osteogenic activity of MC3T3-E1 cells (survival rate, differentiation, and mineralization). The results of calcium fluorescence labeling and molecular docking show that FGL-Ca may activate calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), leading to an increase in intracellular calcium concentration, then enhancing osteogenic activity of MC3T3-E1 cells. Further research found that FGL-Ca significantly promotes the mRNA and protein expression levels of CaSR, transforming growth factor β (TGF-β1), TGF-β-type II receptor (TβRII), Smad2, Smad3, osteocalcin (OCN), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteoprotegrin (OPG), and collagen type I (COLI). Subsequently, in the signal pathway intervention experiment, the expression levels of genes and proteins related to the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway that are promoted by FGL-Ca are found to decrease. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that FGL-Ca may activate CaSR, increase intracellular calcium concentration, and activate TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway, which may be one of the potential mechanisms for enhancing osteogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Qi
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hongru Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Laboratory of Biomass and Green Technologies, University of Liege-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Passage des déportés 2, B-5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Yujie Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chunhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Inner Mongolia Mengtai Biological Engineering Co., Ltd., Shengle Economic Park, Helinger County, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010000, China
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Qi L, Wang K, Zhou J, Zhang H, Guo Y, Zhang C. Phosphorylation modification of bovine bone collagen peptide enhanced its effect on mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells via improving calcium-binding capacity. Food Chem 2024; 433:137365. [PMID: 37683462 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of phosphorylation modification of collagen peptide on its calcium-binding capacity and pro-mineralization activity. In this study, collagen peptide (Leu-Thr-Phe, LTF) and phosphorylated LTF (P-LTF) were synthesized and further chelated with calcium ions. The results showed that phosphorylation of LTF significantly enhanced its calcium-binding capacity. Spectra analysis revealed that the calcium-binding sites of P-LTF were mainly carbonyl, carboxyl, and phosphate groups. Molecular docking further demonstrated that the phosphate group introduced by phosphorylation enhanced the calcium-binding capacity of LTF by ionic bonds and coordination bonds. The stability analysis results suggested that intestinal fluid could repair the peptide-calcium complex destroyed by gastric fluid. The cell experiment displayed that P-LTF-Ca significantly improved the mineralization activity of MC3T3-E1 cells, and the order of effective influence was P-LTF-Ca > LTF-Ca > P-LTF > LTF. This study provided the theoretical basis for the potential application of phosphorylation modification in improving bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Qi
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kangyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hongru Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Laboratory of Biomass and Green Technologies, University of Liege-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Passage des Déportés 2, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Yujie Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Chunhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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Minogue PJ, Gao J, Mathias RT, Williams JC, Bledsoe SB, Sommer AJ, Beyer EC, Berthoud VM. A crystallin mutant cataract with mineral deposits. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104935. [PMID: 37331601 PMCID: PMC10407958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Connexin mutant mice develop cataracts containing calcium precipitates. To test whether pathologic mineralization is a general mechanism contributing to the disease, we characterized the lenses from a nonconnexin mutant mouse cataract model. By cosegregation of the phenotype with a satellite marker and genomic sequencing, we identified the mutant as a 5-bp duplication in the γC-crystallin gene (Crygcdup). Homozygous mice developed severe cataracts early, and heterozygous animals developed small cataracts later in life. Immunoblotting studies showed that the mutant lenses contained decreased levels of crystallins, connexin46, and connexin50 but increased levels of resident proteins of the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria. The reductions in fiber cell connexins were associated with a scarcity of gap junction punctae as detected by immunofluorescence and significant reductions in gap junction-mediated coupling between fiber cells in Crygcdup lenses. Particles that stained with the calcium deposit dye, Alizarin red, were abundant in the insoluble fraction from homozygous lenses but nearly absent in wild-type and heterozygous lens preparations. Whole-mount homozygous lenses were stained with Alizarin red in the cataract region. Mineralized material with a regional distribution similar to the cataract was detected in homozygous lenses (but not wild-type lenses) by micro-computed tomography. Attenuated total internal reflection Fourier-transform infrared microspectroscopy identified the mineral as apatite. These results are consistent with previous findings that loss of lens fiber cell gap junctional coupling leads to the formation of calcium precipitates. They also support the hypothesis that pathologic mineralization contributes to the formation of cataracts of different etiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Minogue
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Junyuan Gao
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Richard T Mathias
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - James C Williams
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Sharon B Bledsoe
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Andre J Sommer
- Molecular Microspectroscopy Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
| | - Eric C Beyer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Viviana M Berthoud
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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Qi L, Zhang H, Guo Y, Zhang C, Xu Y. A novel calcium-binding peptide from bovine bone collagen hydrolysate and chelation mechanism and calcium absorption activity of peptide-calcium chelate. Food Chem 2023; 410:135387. [PMID: 36621334 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel calcium-binding peptide from bovine bone collagen hydrolysate was screened based on a new target-the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), and its chelation mechanism and calcium absorption activity were investigated. Glu-Tyr-Gly exhibited superior binding affinities to CaSR because of its interaction with the active sites of the CaSR Venus Flytrap (VFT) domain. Glu-Tyr-Gly-Ca may exist in five potential chelation modes and its potential chelation mechanism was that calcium ions were located in the center and surrounded by ionic bonds (carboxyl group) and coordination bonds (carbonyl, amino, and carboxyl group). Glu-Tyr-Gly-Ca was slightly damaged in the intestinal fluid and at different temperatures, whereas it was severely damaged in the gastric fluid and acidic conditions. The results of the calcium dialysis percentage and Caco-2 cells experiments showed that Glu-Tyr-Gly-Ca possessed good calcium transport activity and bioavailability. The findings provided theoretical basis for Glu-Tyr-Gly-Ca as potential calcium supplement to improve intestinal calcium absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Qi
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hongru Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Laboratory of Biomass and Green Technologies, University of Liege-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Passage des déportés 2, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Yujie Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Chunhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yang Xu
- Inner Mongolia Mengtai Biological Engineering Co., Ltd, Shengle Economic Park, Helinger County, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010000, China
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Boix-Lemonche G, Nagymihaly RM, Lumi X, Petrovski G. The human lens is capable of trilineage differentiation towards osteo-, chondro-, and adipogenesis-a model for studying cataract pathogenesis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1164795. [PMID: 37324433 PMCID: PMC10264667 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1164795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential for trilineage differentiation of cells in tissues represents a model for studying disease pathogenesis and regeneration pathways. Human lens trilineage differentiation has not yet been demonstrated, and so has calcification and osteogenic differentiation of human lens epithelial cells in the whole human lens. Such changes can pose a risk for complications during cataract surgery. Human lens capsules (n = 9) from cataract patients undergoing uneventful surgery were trilineage-differentiated toward osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, and adipogenesis. Furthermore, whole human healthy lenses (n = 3) collected from cadaveric eyes were differentiated into bone and characterized by immunohistochemistry. The cells in the human lens capsules were capable of undergoing trilineage differentiation, while the whole human healthy lenses could undergo osteogenesis differentiation, expressing osteocalcin, collagen I, and pigment epithelium-derived factor. We, hereby, show an ex vivo model for cataract formation through different stages of opacification, as well as provide in vivo evidence from patients undergoing calcified lens extraction with bone-like consistency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Boix-Lemonche
- Department of Ophthalmology, Center for Eye Research and Innovative Diagnostics, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Xhevat Lumi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Eye Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Goran Petrovski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Center for Eye Research and Innovative Diagnostics, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Split School of Medicine and University Hospital Centre, Split, Croatia
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Wu C, Ouyang X, Zhou X, Li X, Li H, Li W, Wan C, Yu B, El-Sohaimy S, Wu Z. Dry Nutrition Delivery System Based on Defatted Soybean Particles and Its Application with β-Carotene. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083429. [PMID: 37110663 PMCID: PMC10145488 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Many nutrition delivery systems (NDSs) have been developed for the encapsulation, protection, and delivery of bioactive compounds, such as β-carotene. Most of those systems were prepared in solution, which is inconvenient for transportation and storage in the food industry. In the present work, we constructed an environmentally friendly dry NDS based on defatted soybean particles (DSPs) by milling a β-carotene-DSP mixture. The loading efficiency of the NDS reached 89.0%, and the cumulative release rate decreased from 15.1% (free β-carotene) to 6.0% within 8 h. The stability of β-carotene in the dry NDS was found to have increased in a thermogravimetric analysis. Stored for 14 days at 55 °C or under UV irradiation, the retaining rates of β-carotene in the NDS increased to 50.7% and 63.6%, respectively, while they were 24.2% and 54.6% for the free samples. The bioavailability of β-carotene was improved by the NDS too. The apparent permeability coefficient of the NDS reached 1.37 × 10-6 cm/s, which is 12 times that of free β-carotene (0.11 × 10-6 cm/s). Besides being environmentally friendly, the dry NDS can facilitate carriage, transportation, or storage in the food industry, and similar to other NDSs, it improves the stability and bioavailability of nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xuewen Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xiaoya Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xiaofei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
- Aistarfish Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
- Anhui Huaheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Hefei 230031, China
| | - Wenying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
- Zhaotong Health Vocational College, Zhaotong 657000, China
| | - Cuixiang Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Bo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Sobhy El-Sohaimy
- Department of Technology and Organization of Public Catering, Institute of Sport, Tourism and Service, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Zhihua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
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Mei Z, Jinlun H, Hongyu P, Liping S, Yongliang Z. Phosphorylation modification of tilapia skin gelatin hydrolysate and identification and characterization of calcium-binding peptides. Process Biochem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2023.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Safran JP, Nataneli N, Vazirani J, Eagle Jr RC, Milman T. Corneal edema associated with degenerating Soemmering ring cataract: Clinical-pathologic correlation. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2022; 28:101738. [PMID: 36393913 PMCID: PMC9663856 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2022.101738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To report three patients with an uncommon delayed complication of cataract extraction: corneal edema following dispersion of calcific lens particles from a degenerating Soemmering ring cataract. Observations We report three patients, 75–92 years old, presenting with corneal edema and dispersed, degenerated calcific lens material in the anterior chamber and vitreous 20–30 years after cataract surgery. In all patients, calcific particles studded the posterior surface of the cornea in a gravity-dependent distribution without apparent inflammation and were associated with localized corneal edema. In one patient, calcific particles were also associated with secondary open angle glaucoma. Deposits originated from the calcified Soemmering ring cataract. Histopathological examination demonstrated extracellular calcific deposits compatible with cataractous lens material on the posterior surface of stripped Descemet membrane of two patients. The deposits were associated with prominent localized loss of corneal endothelium and were not associated with inflammation. Morphologically similar acellular material was identified in the biopsied aqueous and vitreous fluid of one patient. Management included endothelial keratoplasty, anterior chamber lavage, pars plana vitrectomy, aspiration/removal of a portion of Soemmering ring cataract without intraocular lens implant explantation, and the removal of the entire capsular bag/implant complex. Cornea cleared and visual acuity improved in both patients who underwent endothelial keratoplasty. Persistent elevated intraocular pressure led to visual deterioration in one patient with secondary glaucoma. Conclusions and Importance Dispersion of calcific Soemmering ring cataract can occur decades following cataract surgery leading to corneal edema, secondary glaucoma, and vitreous opacities. Timely recognition of this phenomenon may prevent ocular morbidity, including corneal edema and glaucoma.
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10
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Minogue PJ, Sommer AJ, Williams JC, Bledsoe SB, Beyer EC, Berthoud VM. Connexin Mutants Cause Cataracts Through Deposition of Apatite. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:951231. [PMID: 35938173 PMCID: PMC9355134 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.951231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cataracts are lens opacities that are among the most common causes of blindness. It is commonly believed that cataracts develop through the accumulation of damage to lens proteins. However, recent evidence suggests that cataracts can result from calcium ion accumulation and the precipitation of calcium-containing salts. To test for the presence of precipitates and to identify their components, we studied the lenses of mice that develop cataracts due to mutations of connexin46 and connexin50. Micro-computed tomography showed the presence of radio-dense mineral in the mutant lenses, but not in wild-type lenses. Three-dimensional reconstructions of the scans showed that the distribution of the radio-dense mineral closely paralleled the location and morphology of the cataracts. The mutant lens homogenates also contained insoluble particles that stained with Alizarin red (a dye that stains Ca2+ deposits). Using attenuated total internal reflection micro–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, we identified the mineral as calcium phosphate in the form of apatite. Taken together, these data support the novel paradigm that cataracts are formed through pathological mineralization within the lens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Minogue
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Andre J. Sommer
- Molecular Microspectroscopy Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
| | - James C. Williams
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Sharon B. Bledsoe
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Eric C. Beyer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Viviana M. Berthoud
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: Viviana M. Berthoud,
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Chowdhury A, Balogh E, Ababneh H, Tóth A, Jeney V. Activation of Nrf2/HO-1 Antioxidant Pathway by Heme Attenuates Calcification of Human Lens Epithelial Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050493. [PMID: 35631320 PMCID: PMC9145770 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cataract, an opacification in the crystalline lens, is a leading cause of blindness. Deposition of hydroxyapatite occurs in a cataractous lens that could be the consequence of osteogenic differentiation of lens epithelial cells (LECs). Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) controls the transcription of a wide range of cytoprotective genes. Nrf2 upregulation attenuates cataract formation. Here we aimed to investigate the effect of Nrf2 system upregulation in LECs calcification. We induced osteogenic differentiation of human LECs (HuLECs) with increased phosphate and calcium-containing osteogenic medium (OM). OM-induced calcium and osteocalcin deposition in HuLECs. We used heme to activate Nrf2, which strongly upregulated the expression of Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Heme-mediated Nrf2 activation was dependent on the production of reactive oxygens species. Heme inhibited Ca deposition, and the OM-induced increase of osteogenic markers, RUNX2, alkaline phosphatase, and OCN. Anti-calcification effect of heme was lost when the transcriptional activity of Nrf2 or the enzyme activity of HO-1 was blocked with pharmacological inhibitors. Among products of HO-1 catalyzed heme degradation iron mimicked the anti-calcification effect of heme. We concluded that heme-induced upregulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 system inhibits HuLECs calcification through the liberation of heme iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpan Chowdhury
- MTA-DE Lendület Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.C.); (E.B.); (H.A.); (A.T.)
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Enikő Balogh
- MTA-DE Lendület Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.C.); (E.B.); (H.A.); (A.T.)
| | - Haneen Ababneh
- MTA-DE Lendület Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.C.); (E.B.); (H.A.); (A.T.)
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Andrea Tóth
- MTA-DE Lendület Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.C.); (E.B.); (H.A.); (A.T.)
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Viktória Jeney
- MTA-DE Lendület Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.C.); (E.B.); (H.A.); (A.T.)
- Correspondence:
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Diez-García S, Sánchez-Martín MJ, Amigo JM, Valiente M. Combination of Two Synchrotron Radiation-Based Techniques and Chemometrics to Study an Enhanced Natural Remineralization of Enamel. Anal Chem 2022; 94:5359-5366. [PMID: 35319204 PMCID: PMC8988122 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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The limitations to
assess dental enamel remineralization have been
overcome by a methodology resulting from the appropriate combination
of synchrotron radiation-based techniques on both, infrared microspectroscopy
and micro X-ray diffraction, with the help of specific data mining.
Since amelogenin plays a key role in modulating the mineralization
of tooth enamel, we propose a controlled ion release for fluorapatite
structural ions (Ca2+, PO43–, and F–, also including Zn2+) by using
weak acid and weak base ion-exchange resins in the presence of amelogenin
to remineralize the surface of etched teeth. This combination provides
the necessary ions for enamel remineralization and a guide for crystal
growth due to the protein. Remineralized tooth samples were analyzed
by applying the indicated methodology. The synchrotron data were treated
using principal component analysis and multivariate curve resolution
to analyze the mineral layer formed in the presence and absence of
amelogenin. The remineralizing treatment created a fluorapatite layer
free of carbonate impurities and with a similar orientation to that
of the natural enamel thanks to amelogenin contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Diez-García
- GTS Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - María-Jesús Sánchez-Martín
- GTS Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - José Manuel Amigo
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz de Haro, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.,Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, 15 48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Manuel Valiente
- GTS Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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Tooth whitening effects on dental enamel, oxidation or reduction? Comparison of physicochemical alterations in bovine enamel using Synchrotron-based Micro-FTIR. Dent Mater 2022; 38:670-679. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Zhang H, Zhao L, Shen Q, Qi L, Jiang S, Guo Y, Zhang C, Richel A. Preparation of cattle bone collagen peptides-calcium chelate and its structural characterization and stability. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Chen L, Yokoyama W, Liang R, Tam C, Miller J, Zhong F. Remodeling of β-Carotene-Encapsulated Protein-Stabilized Nanoparticles during Gastrointestinal Digestion In Vitro and in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:15468-15477. [PMID: 33337896 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The remodeling of β-carotene-encapsulated protein nanoparticles (NPs) during digestion in vitro and in vivo was investigated. The NPs were formed using three different proteins. Hydrolysis of the surface protein during digestion resulted in structure remodeling of NPs and the formation of small-sized micellar-like aggregates below 100 nm, accelerating the release of β-carotene into the aqueous phase. However, the reduced surface ζ-potential in the intestinal fluid suggested the adsorption of bile salts, favoring the formation of small-sized micellar-like aggregates. A shifted peak of β-carotene in the micellar phase from 965 cm-1 to about 855 cm-1 in Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated that β-carotene existed in the amorphous state. Microstructure observation in vivo further confirmed that β-carotene was loaded in micellar-like aggregates and dispersed uniformly in water. The cellular uptake study showed that the absorption rate of digested NPs was significantly increased by 1.34- to 4.16-fold when compared with undigested NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wallace Yokoyama
- Western Regional Research Center, ARS, USDA, Albany, California 94710, United States
| | - Rong Liang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Christina Tam
- Western Regional Research Center, ARS, USDA, Albany, California 94710, United States
| | - Jackie Miller
- Western Regional Research Center, ARS, USDA, Albany, California 94710, United States
| | - Fang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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16
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Kreuzer M, Dučić T, Hawlina M, Andjelic S. Synchrotron-based FTIR microspectroscopy of protein aggregation and lipids peroxidation changes in human cataractous lens epithelial cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15489. [PMID: 32968091 PMCID: PMC7511928 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72413-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cataract is the leading cause of blindness worldwide but the mechanisms involved in the process of cataractogenesis are not yet fully understood. Two most prevalent types of age-related cataracts are nuclear (N) and cortical (C) cataracts. A common environmental factor in most age-related cataracts is believed to be oxidative stress. The lens epithelium, the first physical and biological barrier in the lens, is build from lens epithelial cells (LECs). LECs are important for the maintenance of lens transparency as they control energy production, antioxidative mechanisms and biochemical transport for the whole lens. The purpose of this study is to characterize compounds in LECs originated from N and C cataracts, by using the synchrotron radiation-based Fourier Transform Infrared (SR-FTIR) microspectroscopy, in order to understand the functional importance of their different bio-macromolecules in cataractogenesis. We used the SR-FTIR microspectroscopy setup installed on the beamline MIRAS at the Spanish synchrotron light source ALBA, where measurements were set to achieve single cell resolution, with high spectral stability and high photon flux. The results showed that protein aggregation in form of fibrils was notably pronounced in LECs of N cataracts, while oxidative stress and the lipids peroxidation were more pronounced in LECs of C cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kreuzer
- CELLS-ALBA, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, Cerdanyola del Valles, 08290, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tanja Dučić
- CELLS-ALBA, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, Cerdanyola del Valles, 08290, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marko Hawlina
- Eye Hospital, University Medical Centre, Grablovičeva 46, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sofija Andjelic
- Eye Hospital, University Medical Centre, Grablovičeva 46, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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18
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Sun N, Wang Y, Bao Z, Cui P, Wang S, Lin S. Calcium binding to herring egg phosphopeptides: Binding characteristics, conformational structure and intermolecular forces. Food Chem 2020; 310:125867. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Cui P, Lin S, Han W, Jiang P, Zhu B, Sun N. Calcium Delivery System Assembled by a Nanostructured Peptide Derived from the Sea Cucumber Ovum. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:12283-12292. [PMID: 31610118 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the binding mechanism, morphological, and conformational analysis of the complex of a sea cucumber ovum derived octapeptide (EDLAALEK) with Ca2+ as well as its calcium delivery behavior via the gastrointestinal (GI) tract were investigated. The Ca2+ specifically bound to two carboxyl oxygen atoms of C-terminal Glu and Asp on the EDLAALEK peptide at a stoichiometric ratio of 1:1. Calcium coordination induced the self-assembly of the EDLAALEK peptide, resulting in the formation of a nanocomposite with a crystal structure. Furthermore, the formed nanocomposite went through dissociation and self-assembly during in vitro GI digestion, accompanied by the release and rechelation of Ca2+, which was related to changes in their secondary structure. Nevertheless, the GI digests of the EDLAALEK-calcium complex could significantly enhance Ca2+ absorption across Caco-2 cell monolayers. The findings suggest that the sea cucumber ovum derived peptide has the potential as an efficient nanocarrier to transport calcium through the GI system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengbo Cui
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian 116034 , P. R. China
| | - Songyi Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian 116034 , P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Han
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian 116034 , P. R. China
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian 116034 , P. R. China
| | - Na Sun
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian 116034 , P. R. China
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Paluszkiewicz C, Piergies N, Sozańska A, Chaniecki P, Rękas M, Miszczyk J, Gajda M, Kwiatek WM. Vibrational microspectroscopy analysis of human lenses. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 188:332-337. [PMID: 28746907 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study we present vibrational analysis of healthy (non-affected by cataract) and cataractous human lenses by means of Raman and FTIR spectroscopy methods. The performed analysis provides complex information about the secondary structure of the proteins and conformational changes of the amino acid residues due to the formation of opacification of human lens. Briefly, the changes in the conformation of the Tyr and Trp residues and the protein secondary structure between the healthy and cataractous samples, were recognized. Moreover, the observed spectral pattern suggests that the process of cataract development does not occur uniformly over the entire volume of the lens.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Paluszkiewicz
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland
| | - N Piergies
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland.
| | - A Sozańska
- Spectroscopy Product Division, Renishaw Sp. z o o, 02-823 Warszawa, Poland
| | - P Chaniecki
- Department of Ophthalmology, 5th Military Hospital with Polyclinic in Krakow, Wroclawska 1-3, 30-091 Kraków, Poland
| | - M Rękas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Military Medical Institute, Szaserów 128, 04-141 Warszawa, Poland
| | - J Miszczyk
- Department of Ophthalmology, 5th Military Hospital with Polyclinic in Krakow, Wroclawska 1-3, 30-091 Kraków, Poland
| | - M Gajda
- Department of Histology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7, 31-034 Krakow, Poland
| | - W M Kwiatek
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland
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Paluszkiewicz C, Piergies N, Chaniecki P, Rękas M, Miszczyk J, Kwiatek W. Differentiation of protein secondary structure in clear and opaque human lenses: AFM – IR studies. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 139:125-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Balogh E, Tóth A, Tolnai E, Bodó T, Bányai E, Szabó DJ, Petrovski G, Jeney V. Osteogenic differentiation of human lens epithelial cells might contribute to lens calcification. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:1724-31. [PMID: 27318027 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Calcification of the human lens has been described in senile cataracts and in young patients with congenital cataract or chronic uveitis. Lens calcification is also a major complication of cataract surgery and plays a role in the opacification of intraocular lenses. A cell-mediated process has been suggested in the background of lens calcification, but so far the exact mechanism remained unexplored. Lens calcification shares remarkable similarities with vascular calcification; in both pathological processes hydroxyapatite accumulates in the soft tissue. Vascular calcification is a regulated, cell-mediated process in which vascular cells undergo osteogenic differentiation. Our objective was to investigate whether human lens epithelial cells (HuLECs) can undergo osteogenic transition in vitro, and whether this process contributes to lens calcification. We used inorganic phosphate (Pi) and Ca to stimulate osteogenic differentiation of HuLECs. Osteogenic stimuli (2.5mmol/L Pi and 1.2mmol/L Ca) induced extracellular matrix mineralization and Ca deposition in HuLECs with the critical involvement of active Pi uptake. Osteogenic stimuli almost doubled mRNA expressions of osteo-/chondrogenic transcription factors Runx2 and Sox9, which was accompanied by a 1.9-fold increase in Runx2 and a 5.5-fold increase in Sox9 protein expressions. Osteogenic stimuli induced mRNA and protein expressions of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin in HuLEC. Ca content was higher in human cataractous lenses, compared to non-cataractous controls (n=10). Osteocalcin, an osteoblast-specific protein, was expressed in 2 out of 10 cataractous lenses. We conclude that osteogenic stimuli induce osteogenic differentiation of HuLECs and propose that this mechanism might play a role in lens calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enikő Balogh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Andrea Tóth
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Emese Tolnai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tímea Bodó
- Department of Neurology, Bethesda Children's Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Emese Bányai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dóra Júlia Szabó
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Goran Petrovski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Center of Eye Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Viktória Jeney
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
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Lin HJ, Lai CC, Huang SY, Hsu WY, Tsai FJ. An increase in phosphorylation and truncation of crystallin with the progression of cataracts. CURRENT THERAPEUTIC RESEARCH 2014; 74:9-15. [PMID: 24384929 PMCID: PMC3862202 DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness worldwide; however, there is no evidence regarding the direct formation of cataracts. At present, there is no treatment method other than surgery to prevent the formation or progression of cataracts. Objective Understanding the protein changes during various stages of cataracts might help realize the mechanism of the formation and progression of cataracts. Methods Lens materials were collected from cataract surgery. Cataracts were classified according to lens opacity using the gradation of the Lens Opacities Classification System. Lens proteins were separated by 2-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Protein spots were visualized by Coomassie blue staining, and expression patterns were analyzed. Protein spots of interest were excised from 2-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gels, digested in situ with trypsin, and analyzed by mass spectrometry and liquid chromatographic tandem mass spectrometry. Results Crystallin was the major protein in the cataract lens, and αA, βB1, αB, and βA4 were the dominant types. Crystallin αB and βA4 increased with the formation of lens opacity. Moreover, phosphorylation and truncation of these proteins increased with the progression of cataracts. Conclusion Crystallin αB and βA4 and phosphorylation and truncation of crystallin in the lens might contribute to the formation of cataracts. In contrast, acetylation was not dominant in the progression of cataracts and did not play major role in the formation of cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ju Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ; Department of Medical Science, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ; Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chen Lai
- Department of Medical Science, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ; Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shiuan-Yi Huang
- Department of Medical Science, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yi Hsu
- Department of Medical Science, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Department of Medical Science, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ; Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Abstract
Background: Infrared (IR) radiation is becoming more popular in industrial manufacturing processes and in many instruments used for diagnostic and therapeutic application to the human eye. Aim: The present study was designed to investigate the effect of IR radiation on rabbit’s crystalline lens and lens membrane. Materials and Methods: Fifteen New Zealand rabbits were used in the present work. The rabbits were classified into three groups; one of them served as control. The other two groups were exposed to IR radiation for 5 or 10 minutes. Animals from these two irradiated groups were subdivided into two subgroups; one of them was decapitated directly after IR exposure, while the other subgroup was decapitated 1 hour post exposure. IR was delivered from a General Electric Lamp model 250R 50/10, placed 20 cm from the rabbit and aimed at each eye. The activity of Na+-K+ ATPase was measured in the lens membrane. Soluble lens proteins were extracted and the following measurements were carried out: estimation of total soluble protein, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. For comparison between multiple groups, analysis of variance was used with significance level set at P < 0.001. Results: The results indicated a change in the molecular weight of different lens crystalline accompanied with changes in protein backbone structure. These changes increased for the groups exposed to IR for 10 minutes. Moreover, the activity of Na+-K+ ATPase significantly decreased for all groups. Conclusions: The protein of eye lens is very sensitive to IR radiation which is hazardous and may lead to cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Mohamed Aly
- Department of Basic Science, Biophysics and Laser Science Unit, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza, Egypt.
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Hsu THS, Lin SY, Lin CC, Cheng WT. Preliminary feasibility study of FTIR microscopic mapping system for the rapid detection of the composited components of prostatic calculi. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 39:165-70. [PMID: 20967440 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-010-0316-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2010] [Accepted: 07/24/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Awareness of the chemical composition of prostatic calculi is of great importance for pathogenesis of prostatic lithiasis, the feasibility of FTIR microspectroscopic mapping system used for rapidly screening and detecting the real composited components of prostatic calculi in a short time was initially evaluated. Prostatic calculi were retrieved during transurethral resection of the prostate from nine patients diagnosed having benign prostatic hyperplasia with lower urinary tract symptoms. The level of serum prostatic-specific antigen was within 0-12.63 ng/ml. The calculi samples were examined and compared using FTIR microspectroscopic mapping system, or the traditional FTIR and Raman microspectroscopies. The traditional FTIR microspectroscopic results indicate that nine calculi samples mainly consisted of carbonated HA (hydroxyapatite), but calcium oxalate (undifferentiated) might be also detected in some samples. However, Raman spectral results could detect three components, HA, COM (calcium oxalate monohydrate) or COD (calcium oxalate dihydrate) separated in nine samples. Different compositions in the prostatic calculi were obtained by both spectroscopic detections with manual single-point random analysis implying that both manually traditional methods were failed to provide the real chemical composition of the prostatic calculi in a short time. The FTIR microscopic mapping system via point-by-point mapping analysis evidenced that it could rapidly detect all the complicated components distributed within the prostatic calculi rather than uncertain components detected by traditional FTIR or Raman microspectroscopy. More studies should be carried out in future. This preliminary result suggests that the FTIR mapping better characterizes the stone composition over single-point FTIR and Raman microscopic analysis in prostatic calculi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ted Hueih-Shing Hsu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Lotung Pohai Hospital, Lotung, Yilan, Taiwan, ROC
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Chen KH, Li MJ, Cheng WT, Balic-Zunic T, Lin SY. Identification of monoclinic calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate and hydroxyapatite in human sclera using Raman microspectroscopy. Int J Exp Pathol 2009; 90:74-8. [PMID: 19200254 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2613.2008.00614.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Raman microspectroscopy was first used to determine the composition of a calcified plaque located at the pterygium-excision site of a 51-year-old female patient's left nasal sclera after surgery. It was unexpectedly found that the Raman spectrum of the calcified sample at 1149, 1108, 1049, 756, 517, 376 and 352/cm was similar to the Raman spectrum of monoclinic form of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal, but differed from the Raman spectrum of triclinic form of CPPD. An additional peak at 958/cm was also observed in the Raman spectrum of the calcified plaque, which was identical to the characteristic peak at 958/cm of hydroxyapatite (HA). This is the first study to report the spectral biodiagnosis of both monoclinic CPPD and HA co-deposited in the calcified plaque of a patient with sclera dystrophic calcification using Raman microspectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Hua Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Alò F, Conti C, Ferraris P, Giorgini E, Rubini C, Sabbatini S, Tosi G. Micro-FTIR imaging spectroscopy of calcified atheromatous carotid plaques. Part IV. J Mol Struct 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2009.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Cheng WT, Lin SY, Wang SL. Differential Scanning Calorimetry with Curve-Fitting Program Used to Quantitatively Analyze the Polymorphic Transformation of Famotidine in the Compressed Compact. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2008; 34:1368-75. [DOI: 10.1080/03639040802122951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Garidel P, Boese M. Mid infrared microspectroscopic mapping and imaging: a bio-analytical tool for spatially and chemically resolved tissue characterization and evaluation of drug permeation within tissues. Microsc Res Tech 2007; 70:336-49. [PMID: 17262783 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The combination of the two classical biophysical methods, microscopy and infrared spectroscopy, has led to the development of a potent analytical technology termed infrared microspectroscopy. It combines high lateral resolution as obtained by microscopy and the chemical identification of the sample components by infrared spectroscopy. The two approaches mainly utilized in microspectroscopy are the mapping and the imaging techniques, which are introduced and presented. Especially, since the development of so called focal plane array detectors, which are implemented in the imaging methods (microspectroscopic imaging) has become a promising bio-analytical tool for ultrastructural medical diagnostics, due to the fact that the time required for analyzing a sample has been reduced dramatically and the lateral resolution improved to approximately 4 microm. Mid infrared microscopy allows a direct access to spatially resolved molecular and structural information of the analyzed area. The image contrast is generated on the basis of the tissue's intrinsic biochemical composition. The current investigation shows how mid infrared microspectroscopic mapping and imaging is used for the bio-analytical characterization and identification of specific molecular components of a tissue sample at high lateral resolution of a few microns (approaching the mid infrared diffraction limit). Furthermore, the potential of these methods for monitoring the penetration and distribution of drugs within biological tissues are presented. Due to the fact, that mid infrared microspectroscopy is a noninvasive, nondestructive technique for the analyzed sample, requiring no complicated and time consuming staining procedures, it is a convenient method for histological and pathological investigations, allowing the generation of a huge amount of biochemical information not yet available with other nonvibrational techniques. The strength of the presented microscopic technique is the fact that the infrared images are directly comparable to outcomes of classical histological staining procedures and can be interpreted by nonspectroscopists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Garidel
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany.
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Lin SY, Chen KH, Cheng WT, Ho CT, Wang SL. Preliminary identification of Beta-carotene in the vitreous asteroid bodies by micro-Raman spectroscopy and HPLC analysis. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2007; 13:128-32. [PMID: 17367552 DOI: 10.1017/s143192760707002x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2006] [Accepted: 09/12/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
beta-carotene was first identified from the vitreous asteroid bodies (ABs) excised from one patient with asteroid hyalosis (AH) by confocal Raman microspectroscopy and was also verified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Two patients had been diagnosed with AH and intervened by surgical vitrectomy due to blurred vision. The morphology and components of both AB specimens were observed by optical microscopy and determined by using confocal Raman microspectroscopy and HPLC analysis, respectively. Surprisingly, two unique peaks at 1528 and 1157 cm(-1) were found in the Raman spectrum for the AB specimen of patient 1 alone, which were in close agreement with that of the Raman peaks at 1525 and 1158 cm(-1) for beta-carotene and/or lutein. However, HPLC analytical data clearly indicated that the retention time for the extracted sample from the AB specimen of patient 1 was observed at 13.685 min and just identical to that of beta-carotene (13.759 min) rather than lutein (2.978 min). In addition, the lack of any peak in the HPLC profile for the AB specimen of patient 2 also confirmed the absence of Raman peaks at 1525 and 1158 cm(-1). Thus this preliminary study strongly suggests that beta-carotene as a unique component of ABs was specifically detected from the AB specimen of one AH patient by using confocal Raman microspectroscopy and HPLC analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Yang Lin
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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