1
|
Prange-Barczynska M, Jones HA, Sugimoto Y, Cheng X, Lima JD, Ratnayaka I, Douglas G, Buckler KJ, Ratcliffe PJ, Keeley TP, Bishop T. Hif-2α programs oxygen chemosensitivity in chromaffin cells. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e174661. [PMID: 39106106 PMCID: PMC11405041 DOI: 10.1172/jci174661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The study of transcription factors that determine specialized neuronal functions has provided invaluable insights into the physiology of the nervous system. Peripheral chemoreceptors are neurone-like electrophysiologically excitable cells that link the oxygen concentration of arterial blood to the neuronal control of breathing. In the adult, this oxygen chemosensitivity is exemplified by type I cells of the carotid body, and recent work has revealed one isoform of the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF), HIF-2α, as having a nonredundant role in the development and function of that organ. Here, we show that activation of HIF-2α, including isolated overexpression of HIF-2α but not HIF-1α, is sufficient to induce oxygen chemosensitivity in adult adrenal medulla. This phenotypic change in the adrenal medulla was associated with retention of extra-adrenal paraganglioma-like tissues resembling the fetal organ of Zuckerkandl, which also manifests oxygen chemosensitivity. Acquisition of chemosensitivity was associated with changes in the adrenal medullary expression of gene classes that are ordinarily characteristic of the carotid body, including G protein regulators and atypical subunits of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase. Overall, the findings suggest that, at least in certain tissues, HIF-2α acts as a phenotypic driver for cells that display oxygen chemosensitivity, thus linking 2 major oxygen-sensing systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Prange-Barczynska
- Target Discovery Institute and
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Holly A Jones
- Target Discovery Institute and
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yoichiro Sugimoto
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiaotong Cheng
- Target Discovery Institute and
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna Dcc Lima
- Target Discovery Institute and
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Indrika Ratnayaka
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gillian Douglas
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Keith J Buckler
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J Ratcliffe
- Target Discovery Institute and
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas P Keeley
- Target Discovery Institute and
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tammie Bishop
- Target Discovery Institute and
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu D, Rodriguez M, Ross D, Ghahreman A. Concurrent multiple cerebral cavernous malformations and cauda equina paraganglioma: illustrative case. JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY. CASE LESSONS 2024; 8:CASE24102. [PMID: 39102750 DOI: 10.3171/case24102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cauda equina neuroendocrine tumors (CENETs), previously known as cauda equina paragangliomas, and multiple cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are uncommon conditions affecting the central nervous system. To the authors' knowledge, they have not been reported in the same patient. OBSERVATIONS The authors present the case of a 45-year-old male with CENET and concurrent incidental MRI findings of multiple CCMs. Familial CCMs are associated with mutations in the KRIT1 (CCM1), MGC4607 (CCM2), and PDCD10 (CCM3) genes. Peripheral paragangliomas have been associated with mutations in succinate dehydrogenase (SDHx), RET (multiple endocrine neoplasia 2), VHL (von Hippel-Lindau syndrome), and NF1 (neurofibromatosis type 1) genes. Except for a single case, cauda equina paragangliomas have not been associated with any underlying genetic mutations. LESSONS It is unclear whether the co-occurrence of these two rare conditions in the same patient is coincidental or suggests a possible shared pathogenesis. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24102.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Liu
- Departments of Neurosurgery, St George Hospital, Kogarah, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Rodriguez
- Douglass Hanly Moir Pathology, Macquarie Park, New South Wales, Australia
- Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dominic Ross
- Departments of Clinical Genetics, St George Hospital, Kogarah, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ali Ghahreman
- Departments of Neurosurgery, St George Hospital, Kogarah, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bechmann N, Westermann F, Eisenhofer G. HIF and MYC signaling in adrenal neoplasms of the neural crest: implications for pediatrics. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1022192. [PMID: 37361539 PMCID: PMC10286580 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1022192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric neural crest-derived adrenal neoplasms include neuroblastoma and pheochromocytoma. Both entities are associated with a high degree of clinical heterogeneity, varying from spontaneous regression to malignant disease with poor outcome. Increased expression and stabilization of HIF2α appears to contribute to a more aggressive and undifferentiated phenotype in both adrenal neoplasms, whereas MYCN amplification is a valuable prognostic marker in neuroblastoma. The present review focuses on HIF- and MYC signaling in both neoplasms and discusses the interaction of associated pathways during neural crest and adrenal development as well as potential consequences on tumorigenesis. Emerging single-cell methods together with epigenetic and transcriptomic analyses provide further insights into the importance of a tight regulation of HIF and MYC signaling pathways during adrenal development and tumorigenesis. In this context, increased attention to HIF-MYC/MAX interactions may also provide new therapeutic options for these pediatric adrenal neoplasms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Bechmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Frank Westermann
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Neuroblastoma Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Graeme Eisenhofer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Akkuratova N, Faure L, Kameneva P, Kastriti ME, Adameyko I. Developmental heterogeneity of embryonic neuroendocrine chromaffin cells and their maturation dynamics. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1020000. [PMID: 36237181 PMCID: PMC9553123 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1020000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During embryonic development, nerve-associated Schwann cell precursors (SCPs) give rise to chromaffin cells of the adrenal gland via the "bridge" transient stage, according to recent functional experiments and single cell data from humans and mice. However, currently existing data do not resolve the finest heterogeneity of developing chromaffin populations. Here we took advantage of deep SmartSeq2 transcriptomic sequencing to expand our collection of individual cells from the developing murine sympatho-adrenal anlage and uncover the microheterogeneity of embryonic chromaffin cells and their corresponding developmental paths. We discovered that SCPs on the splachnic nerve show a high degree of microheterogeneity corresponding to early biases towards either Schwann or chromaffin terminal fates. Furthermore, we found that a post-"bridge" population of developing chromaffin cells gives rise to persisting oxygen-sensing chromaffin cells and the two terminal populations (adrenergic and noradrenergic) via diverging differentiation paths. Taken together, we provide a thorough identification of novel markers of adrenergic and noradrenergic populations in developing adrenal glands and report novel differentiation paths leading to them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Akkuratova
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Louis Faure
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Polina Kameneva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Eleni Kastriti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Igor Adameyko
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bedoya-Reina OC, Li W, Arceo M, Plescher M, Bullova P, Pui H, Kaucka M, Kharchenko P, Martinsson T, Holmberg J, Adameyko I, Deng Q, Larsson C, Juhlin CC, Kogner P, Schlisio S. Single-nuclei transcriptomes from human adrenal gland reveal distinct cellular identities of low and high-risk neuroblastoma tumors. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5309. [PMID: 34493726 PMCID: PMC8423786 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24870-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood neuroblastoma has a remarkable variability in outcome. Age at diagnosis is one of the most important prognostic factors, with children less than 1 year old having favorable outcomes. Here we study single-cell and single-nuclei transcriptomes of neuroblastoma with different clinical risk groups and stages, including healthy adrenal gland. We compare tumor cell populations with embryonic mouse sympatho-adrenal derivatives, and post-natal human adrenal gland. We provide evidence that low and high-risk neuroblastoma have different cell identities, representing two disease entities. Low-risk neuroblastoma presents a transcriptome that resembles sympatho- and chromaffin cells, whereas malignant cells enriched in high-risk neuroblastoma resembles a subtype of TRKB+ cholinergic progenitor population identified in human post-natal gland. Analyses of these populations reveal different gene expression programs for worst and better survival in correlation with age at diagnosis. Our findings reveal two cellular identities and a composition of human neuroblastoma tumors reflecting clinical heterogeneity and outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O C Bedoya-Reina
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - W Li
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Arceo
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Plescher
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Bullova
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H Pui
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Kaucka
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
| | - P Kharchenko
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - T Martinsson
- Department of Pathology and Genetics, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Holmberg
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I Adameyko
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Q Deng
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C Larsson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C C Juhlin
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Kogner
- Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Schlisio
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kastriti ME, Kameneva P, Adameyko I. Stem cells, evolutionary aspects and pathology of the adrenal medulla: A new developmental paradigm. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 518:110998. [PMID: 32818585 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian adrenal gland is composed of two main components; the catecholaminergic neural crest-derived medulla, found in the center of the gland, and the mesoderm-derived cortex producing steroidogenic hormones. The medulla is composed of neuroendocrine chromaffin cells with oxygen-sensing properties and is dependent on tissue interactions with the overlying cortex, both during development and in adulthood. Other relevant organs include the Zuckerkandl organ containing extra-adrenal chromaffin cells, and carotid oxygen-sensing bodies containing glomus cells. Chromaffin and glomus cells reveal a number of important similarities and are derived from the multipotent nerve-associated descendants of the neural crest, or Schwann cell precursors. Abnormalities in complex developmental processes during differentiation of nerve-associated and other progenitors into chromaffin and oxygen-sensing populations may result in different subtypes of paraganglioma, neuroblastoma and pheochromocytoma. Here, we summarize recent findings explaining the development of chromaffin and oxygen-sensing cells, as well as the potential mechanisms driving neuroendocrine tumor initiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eleni Kastriti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Polina Kameneva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden; National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Igor Adameyko
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Martinez Santos JL, Wessell JE, Kalhorn SP. Microsurgical Management of a Primary Neuroendocrine Tumor of the Filum Terminale: A Surgical Technique. Cureus 2020; 12:e10080. [PMID: 32999793 PMCID: PMC7522048 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.10080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are benign tumors of the autonomic nervous system that rarely occur in the spinal canal. The gold standard treatment is gross total resection while preserving the patient’s neurologic functioning as complete surgical resection is curative. The surgical management of NETs could pose a challenge given their friable consistency, hypervascular nature, and proclivity to adhere to the cauda equina nerve roots. We present a case of a 62-year-old female with an incidental primary NET arising from the filum terminale internum, review the literature, and describe the surgical technique including the benefits of using an intraoperative ultrasound and some of the pitfalls of relying “blindly” on neuromonitoring. Early identification and disconnection of the tumor’s vascular pedicle, which usually runs through the cranial filum, devascularizes the tumor, prevents systemic complications from catecholamine release, and facilitates circumferential dissection off the en passage cauda equina nerve roots. Our patient remains neurologically intact and asymptomatic two years postoperatively and neuroimaging confirmed complete resection.
Collapse
|
8
|
Chiba T, Maeda T, Fujita Y, Takeda R, Kikuchi A, Kudo K. Stress-Induced Suppression of Milk Protein Is Involved in a Noradrenergic Mechanism in the Mammary Gland. Endocrinology 2019; 160:2074-2084. [PMID: 31150047 DOI: 10.1210/en.2019-00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Stress decreases milk components such as milk protein and milk yield. The objective of this study was to investigate whether noradrenaline (NA) in milk constituted a factor associated with stress-induced changes in milk proteins such as β-casein. Breast milk obtained from eight healthy, nursing women contained NA at concentrations ranging from 12.7 to 115.5 nM. The expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), a rate-limiting enzyme of NA synthesis, was observed in primary normal human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs), and in MCF-12A and MCF-10A cell lines. The mean NA concentration in culture medium used by MCF-12A transfected with TH small interfering RNA (siRNA) was significantly lower than that of cells transfected with control siRNA. NA concentration in milk in restraint-stressed nursing mice was significantly higher than that in nonstressed nursing mice, owing to elevated TH expression in the mammary epithelium. The mean β-casein concentration in milk in restraint-stressed mice was significantly lower than that in nonstressed mice. NA treatment resulted in a concentration-dependent decrease in β-casein expression in HMECs. β2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) expression was observed in HMECs, MCF-12A, and MCF-10A, and immunohistochemical analysis of ADRB2 using mammary epithelium sections obtained from mice at day 10 of lactation showed that ADRB2 was expressed at the apical membrane of mammary epithelium. Treatment with salbutamol, an ADRB2 stimulant, decreased β-casein expression in a concentration-dependent manner in MCF-12A. Our results showed that endogenous NA derived from mammary epithelial cells likely comprises one of the factors involved in stress-induced changes in milk proteins such as β-casein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Chiba
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Division of Clinical Pharmaceutics and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Tomoji Maeda
- Department of Pharmacology, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Komuro, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yu Fujita
- Department of Biological Pharmacy, Division of Neuroscience, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Rika Takeda
- Department of Nursing, Iwate Medical University Hospital, Iwate, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kikuchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Kenzo Kudo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Division of Clinical Pharmaceutics and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Murtazina AR, Nikishina YO, Dil'mukhametova LK, Sapronova AY, Ugrumov MV. The Role of the Brain in the Regulation of Peripheral Noradrenaline-producing Organs in Rats During Morphogenesis. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2019; 486:243-246. [PMID: 31367831 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672919030207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This work represents one part of our research project, in which we attempted to prove that a humoral regulation between noradrenaline-producing organs exist in the perinatal period. In this study, we used a rat model that allowed blocking the synthesis of noradrenalin in the brain and evaluated gene expression and protein levels of noradrenaline key synthesis enzymes such as tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) in peripheral noradrenaline-producing organs. As a result, we showed an increased gene expression of TH and DBH in adrenal glands. These data indicate that, if neonatal rat brain lacks the ability to produce noradrenaline, then the synthesis of noradrenaline in adrenal glands increased as a compensatory process, so that the concentration levels in blood are maintained at normal levels. This indicates that there is a humoral regulation between brain and adrenal glands, which is not fully understood yet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A R Murtazina
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 26, 119334, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yu O Nikishina
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 26, 119334, Moscow, Russia.
| | - L K Dil'mukhametova
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 26, 119334, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Ya Sapronova
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 26, 119334, Moscow, Russia
| | - M V Ugrumov
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 26, 119334, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gontarz B, Hegde P, McFadden D. Paraganglioma of the spermatic cord: A case report and literature review. Int J Surg Case Rep 2019; 60:368-370. [PMID: 31288201 PMCID: PMC6614785 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2019.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A paraganglioma, or an extra-adrenal catecholamine-producing tumor, is a clinically significant neuroendocrine tumor with an incidence of 3–8 cases per million population. The majority of paragangliomas, 85–90%, occur in the adrenal glands and 98% are found in the abdomen. Unlike pheochromocytomas, where only 10% are malignant, paragangliomas carry a 40–50% malignancy rare, and their development is part of a hereditary syndrome in 30% of cases. The most common hereditary syndromes associated with paragangliomas are von Hipple-Lindau (VHL), multiple endocrine neoplasia 2 (MEN 2) and neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Herein we describe and review the 13th paraganglioma documented arising from the spermatic cord.
Introduction Neuroendocrine tumors are a diverse and well-described entity with most arising from the gastrointestinal tract. A clinically significant example is the paraganglioma, or an extra-adrenal catecholamine-producing tumor. Presentation of case Herein we describe and review a paraganglioma arising from the spermatic cord in a 55 year old asymptomatic man. Discussion Paragangliomas are rare, with an incidence of 3–8 cases per million population. To date there are only 12 cases found in the literature. Conclusion In this article, we review our patient’s presentation, follow-up, and screening followed by a review of the literature of this fascinating tumor. Although rare, paraganglioma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of unusual groin masses. This work has been reported in line with the SCARE criteria (Agha et al., 2018).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Gontarz
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06032, United States.
| | - Poornima Hegde
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Connecticut, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06032, United States.
| | - David McFadden
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06032, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Honeyman SI, Warr W, Curran OE, Demetriades AK. Paraganglioma of the Lumbar Spine: A case report and literature review. Neurochirurgie 2019; 65:387-392. [PMID: 31247160 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lumbar paragangliomas are rare, vascular, neuroendocrine tumors. They are notoriously difficult to diagnose radiologically and can prove challenging to manage intraoperatively, if capable of catecholamine secretion. CASE REPORT We report the case of a 45-year-old man, who presented with a lumbar spinal paraganglioma. The patient described a 2-year history of worsening lower back pain and sciatica. Neurological examination was normal. MRI revealed a lesion at L3, with prominent vessels, compressing the cauda equina. Gross total resection (GTR) of the tumor was performed. The patient recovered well, with relief of pain and no neurological deficit. DISCUSSION A literature search of lumbar paraganglioma cases, from January 1970 to April 2018 was carried out. Results of this review highlighted the importance of inclusion of paraganglioma as a differential diagnosis in lumbar spinal tumor and also the requirement for preoperative investigations to determine any potential secretory activity. CONCLUSIONS Lumbar paraganglioma behavior is most commonly benign and rates of recurrence are low after GTR. However, long-term postoperative follow-up is crucial, due to findings of late metastatic recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S I Honeyman
- University of Oxford Medical School, Green Templeton College, 43 Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6HG, UK.
| | - W Warr
- University of Oxford Medical School, Green Templeton College, 43 Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6HG, UK
| | - O E Curran
- Department of Neuropathology, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - A K Demetriades
- Department of Neurosurgery, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Peitzsch M, Mangelis A, Eisenhofer G, Huebner A. Age-specific pediatric reference intervals for plasma free normetanephrine, metanephrine, 3-methoxytyramine and 3-O-methyldopa: Particular importance for early infancy. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 494:100-105. [PMID: 30904545 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.1620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Availability of appropriately established reference intervals for biochemical tests can be troublesome in pediatrics. Here we establish age-specific continuous reference intervals for catecholamine O-methylated metabolites in children evaluated for catecholamine producing tumors, particularly younger children with suspected neuroblastoma. METHODS Plasma concentrations of 3-methoxytyramine, normetanephrine, metanephrine, and 3-O-methyldopa were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in 533 children aged 2 days to 18 years. RESULTS Concentrations of plasma free normetanephrine, 3-methoxytyramine and 3-O-methyldopa were higher in neonates up until six months of age, but thereafter declined steeply to levels after one year that were <38% those of neonatal concentrations and to further lower concentrations in teenagers that were <23% those in neonates. In contrast, concentrations of plasma free metanephrine showed a reciprocal pattern with 50% lower concentrations in infants below one year compared to later in childhood. CONCLUSION The dynamic reciprocal changes in plasma concentrations of normetanephrine, 3-methoxytyramine and 3-O-methyldopa compared to metanephrine during early childhood suggest underlying developmental changes in extra-adrenal and adrenal chromaffin tissue that must be considered for pediatric reference intervals, particularly in infants. With such reference intervals at hand, biochemical testing for catecholamine producing tumors in young children is substantially improved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Peitzsch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Anastasios Mangelis
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Graeme Eisenhofer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Angela Huebner
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kastriti ME, Kameneva P, Kamenev D, Dyachuk V, Furlan A, Hampl M, Memic F, Marklund U, Lallemend F, Hadjab S, Calvo-Enrique L, Ernfors P, Fried K, Adameyko I. Schwann Cell Precursors Generate the Majority of Chromaffin Cells in Zuckerkandl Organ and Some Sympathetic Neurons in Paraganglia. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:6. [PMID: 30740044 PMCID: PMC6355685 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, neurosecretory chromaffin cells control a number of important bodily functions, including those related to stress response. Chromaffin cells appear as a distinct cell type at the beginning of midgestation and are the main cellular source of adrenalin and noradrenalin released into the blood stream. In mammals, two different chromaffin organs emerge at a close distance to each other, the adrenal gland and Zuckerkandl organ (ZO). These two structures are found in close proximity to the kidneys and dorsal aorta, in a region where paraganglioma, pheochromocytoma and neuroblastoma originate in the majority of clinical cases. Recent studies showed that the chromaffin cells comprising the adrenal medulla are largely derived from nerve-associated multipotent Schwann cell precursors (SCPs) arriving at the adrenal anlage with the preganglionic nerve fibers, whereas the migratory neural crest cells provide only minor contribution. However, the embryonic origin of the ZO, which differs from the adrenal medulla in a number of aspects, has not been studied in detail. The ZO is composed of chromaffin cells in direct contact with the dorsal aorta and the intraperitoneal cavity and disappears through an autophagy-mediated mechanism after birth. In contrast, the adrenal medulla remains throughout the entire life and furthermore, is covered by the adrenal cortex. Using a combination of lineage tracing strategies with nerve- and cell type-specific ablations, we reveal that the ZO is largely SCP-derived and forms in synchrony with progressively increasing innervation. Moreover, the ZO develops hand-in-hand with the adjacent sympathetic ganglia that coalesce around the dorsal aorta. Finally, we were able to provide evidence for a SCP-contribution to a small but significant proportion of sympathetic neurons of the posterior paraganglia. Thus, this cellular source complements the neural crest, which acts as a main source of sympathetic neurons. Our discovery of a nerve-dependent origin of chromaffin cells and some sympathoblasts may help to understand the origin of pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma and neuroblastoma, all of which are currently thought to be derived from the neural crest or committed sympathoadrenal precursors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eleni Kastriti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Polina Kameneva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Dmitry Kamenev
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia.,Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Viacheslav Dyachuk
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia.,Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alessandro Furlan
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, United States
| | - Marek Hampl
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, CAS, Brno, Czechia.,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Fatima Memic
- Unit of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Marklund
- Unit of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Saida Hadjab
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Calvo-Enrique
- Unit of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrik Ernfors
- Unit of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kaj Fried
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Igor Adameyko
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
El Faitwri T, Huber K. Expression pattern of delta-like 1 homolog in developing sympathetic neurons and chromaffin cells. Gene Expr Patterns 2018; 30:49-54. [PMID: 30144579 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Delta-like 1 homolog (DLK1) is a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like family and an atypical notch ligand that is widely expressed during early mammalian development with putative functions in the regulation of cell differentiation and proliferation. During later stages of development, DLK1 is downregulated and becomes increasingly restricted to specific cell types, including several types of endocrine cells. DLK1 has been linked to various tumors and associated with tumor stem cell features. Sympathoadrenal precursors are neural crest derived cells that give rise to either sympathetic neurons of the autonomic nervous system or the endocrine chromaffin cells located in the adrenal medulla or extraadrenal positions. As these cells are the putative cellular origin of neuroblastoma, one of the most common malignant tumors in early childhood, their molecular characterization is of high clinical importance. In this study we have examined the precise spatiotemporal expression of DLK1 in developing sympathoadrenal cells. We show that DLK1 mRNA is highly expressed in early sympathetic neuron progenitors and that its expression depends on the presence of Phox2B. DLK1 expression becomes quickly restricted to a small subpopulation of cells in sympathetic ganglia, while virtually all chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla and the Organ of Zuckerkandl still express high levels of DLK1 at late gestational stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tehani El Faitwri
- Institute of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Albert-Str. 17, 79104, Freiburg, Germany; Department of Histology and Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Benghazi University, Benghazi, Libya
| | - Katrin Huber
- Institute of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Albert-Str. 17, 79104, Freiburg, Germany; Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Route Albert-Gockel 1, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tang YH, Yue ZS, Xin DW, Zeng LR, Xiong ZF, Hu ZQ, Xu CD. β‑Ecdysterone promotes autophagy and inhibits apoptosis in osteoporotic rats. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:1591-1598. [PMID: 29138818 PMCID: PMC5780099 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is an aging process of skeletal tissues with characteristics of reductions in bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis on osteoblasts and to examine the roles of β-ecdysterone (β-Ecd) involved. In the present study, an in vivo model of osteoporosis was established through the subcutaneous implantation of prednisolone (PRED) into Sprague-Dawley rats, with or without a subcutaneous injection of β-Ecd (5 or 10 mg/kg body weight). Expression of Beclin-1 and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3I/II and apoptosis in lumbar vertebrae tissues was measured by immunofluorescence and TUNEL assays, respectively. Serum concentration of calcium and phosphorus, and the activity of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured by biochemical assay. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting was used for detect the expression of related genes and proteins. PRED treatment inhibited bone formation by decreasing bone mineral density, and suppressing the expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2 and bone morphogenetic protein 2, while enhancing the activity of alkaline phosphatase, upregulating the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand, and increasing the serum content of calcium, phosphorus and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in rats. Additionally, PRED was revealed to inhibit autophagy through the downregulation of Beclin-1, autophagy protein 5 and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3I/II expression, whereas it induced the apoptosis, through the activation of caspase-3 and the suppression of apoptosis regulator BCL2 expression. Notably, the PRED-induced alterations in bone formation, autophagy and apoptosis were revealed to be attenuated by β-Ecd administration. In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggested that β-Ecd may be a promising candidate for the development of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of osteoporosis, through the induction of autophagy and the inhibition of apoptosis in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Hua Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan TCM Hospital, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou 311201, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Shuang Yue
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan TCM Hospital, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou 311201, P.R. China
| | - Da-Wei Xin
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan TCM Hospital, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou 311201, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Ru Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan TCM Hospital, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou 311201, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Fei Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan TCM Hospital, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou 311201, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Qing Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan TCM Hospital, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou 311201, P.R. China
| | - Can-Da Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan TCM Hospital, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou 311201, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chan WH, Anderson CR, Gonsalvez DG. From proliferation to target innervation: signaling molecules that direct sympathetic nervous system development. Cell Tissue Res 2017; 372:171-193. [PMID: 28971249 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2693-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system includes a variety of cells including neurons, endocrine cells and glial cells. A recent study (Furlan et al. 2017) has revised thinking about the developmental origin of these cells. It now appears that sympathetic neurons and chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla do not have an immediate common ancestor in the form a "sympathoadrenal cell", as has been long believed. Instead, chromaffin cells arise from Schwann cell precursors. This review integrates the new findings with the expanding body of knowledge on the signalling pathways and transcription factors that regulate the origin of cells of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W H Chan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia
| | - C R Anderson
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia
| | - David G Gonsalvez
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Murtazina AR, Dilmukhametova LK, Nikishina YO, Sapronova AY, Volina EV, Ugrumov MV. Changes in the secretory activity of organs producing noradrenaline upon inhibition of its synthesis in neonatal rat brain. Russ J Dev Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062360417050058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
18
|
Murtazina AR, Nikishina YO, Bondarenko NS, Sapronova AY, Volina EV, Ugrumov MV. Gene expression and content of enzymes of noradrenaline synthesis in the rat organ of Zuckerkandl at the critical period of morphogenesis. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2017; 474:200-203. [PMID: 28726094 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672917030097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Gene expression and content of the key enzymes involved in the synthesis of noradrenaline-tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine beta-hydroxylase-was evaluated in the organ of Zuckerkandl of rats in the critical period of morphogenesis. High levels of mRNA and protein of both enzymes in the perinatal period of development and their sharp decline on day 30 of postnatal development were detected. These data indicate that the synthesis of noradrenaline in the organ of Zuckerkandl is maximum during the critical period of morphogenesis and decreases during the involution of this paraganglion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A R Murtazina
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia.
| | - Yu O Nikishina
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - N S Bondarenko
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - A Ya Sapronova
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - E V Volina
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - M V Ugrumov
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, The National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, 101000, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abdullah AE, Guerin C, Imperiale A, Barlier A, Battini S, Pertuit M, Roche P, Essamet W, Vaisse B, Pacak K, Sebag F, Taïeb D. Paraganglioma of the organ of Zuckerkandl associated with a somatic HIF2α mutation: A case report. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:1083-1086. [PMID: 28454217 PMCID: PMC5403169 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Paragangliomas of the organ of Zuckerkandl (OZ-PGL) are rare tumors that, in >70% of cases, occur in association with succinate dehydrogenase complex iron sulfur subunit B (SDHB) or SDHD gene mutations. The aim of the current study was to determine whether a somatic genetic defect in the hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF2α) gene was present in a case of sporadic OZ-PGL. A 32-year-old African female presented with uncontrolled hypertension during the first trimester of pregnancy. A diagnostic hysteroscopy was performed 3 months after delivery, precipitating a hypertensive crisis. Thereafter, the patient was diagnosed with noradrenaline-secreting OZ-PGL. A complete blood count identified mild normocytic anemia of an inflammatory origin. Surgical removal of the tumor resulted in normalization of plasma and urinary normetanephrine levels. Genetic testing for germline mutations (including large deletions) in the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor, SDHB, SDHC and SDHD genes was normal. However, a heterozygous missense mutation (c.1589Cys>Tyr) was detected in exon 12 of HIF2α, which results in a substitution of alanine 530 with valine (Ala530Val) in the HIF2α protein. A germline mutation was excluded based on the negative results of blood DNA testing. A three-dimensional homology model of Ala530Val was constructed, which showed impaired HIF2α/VHL interaction and decreased HIF2α ubiquitination. 1H-high-resolution magic-angle-spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy detected low succinate levels and high α and β glucose levels. To the best of our knowledge, the present case represents the first of its kind to associate a somatic HIF2α gain-of-function mutation with OZ-PGL. It is therefore recommended that patients without germline SDHx mutations should be tested for HIF2α mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Esmaeel Abdullah
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, La Timone University Hospital, European Center for Research in Medical Imaging, Aix-Marseille University, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France
| | - Carole Guerin
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Conception Hospital, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Alessio Imperiale
- Department of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, Hautepierre Hospital, University Hospitals of Strasbourg, 67200 Strasbourg, France.,ICube Joint Research Unit 7357, University of Strasbourg/French National Center for Scientific Research and Federation of Translational Medicine of Strasbourg, Faculty of Medicine, 67085 Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne Barlier
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Conception Hospital, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Stéphanie Battini
- Integrative Structural and Chemical Biology and Interaction Dynamics and Drug Design Platform, Cancer Research Centre of Marseille, Institut Paoli Calmettes, 13273 Marseille, France.,Department of Neuropathology, La Timone University Hospital, Aix-Marseille University, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France
| | - Morgane Pertuit
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Conception Hospital, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Roche
- Integrative Structural and Chemical Biology and Interaction Dynamics and Drug Design Platform, Cancer Research Centre of Marseille, Institut Paoli Calmettes, 13273 Marseille, France
| | - Wassim Essamet
- Department of Neuropathology, La Timone University Hospital, Aix-Marseille University, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France
| | - Bernard Vaisse
- Department of Hypertension, La Timone University Hospital, Aix-Marseille University, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France
| | - Karel Pacak
- Program in Reproductive and Adult Endocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Fréderic Sebag
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Conception Hospital, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - David Taïeb
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, La Timone University Hospital, European Center for Research in Medical Imaging, Aix-Marseille University, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France.,Cancer Research Centre of Marseille Affiliated to Inserm (UMR1068), Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13273 Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Iacobone M, Citton M, Viel G, Schiavone D, Torresan F. Surgical approaches in hereditary endocrine tumors. Updates Surg 2017; 69:181-191. [PMID: 28455835 DOI: 10.1007/s13304-017-0451-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine tumors of thyroid, adrenal and parathyroid glands may be due to germline and inheritable mutations in 5-30% of patients. Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma, Pheochromocytoma, Paraganglioma, and Familial Primary Hyperparathyroidism are the most frequent entity. Hereditary endocrine tumors usually have a suggestive familial history; they occur earlier than sporadic variants, are multifocal, and have increased recurrence rates. They may be present as isolated variant or associated to other neoplasms in a syndromic setting. Genetic diagnosis should be preferably available before surgery because specific and targeted operative management are needed to achieve the best chance of cure. This review was aimed to discuss the surgical approaches for some of the most frequent hereditary endocrine tumors of thyroid, adrenal and parathyroid glands, focusing on medullary thyroid carcinoma, Pheochromocytoma, Paraganglioma and hereditary primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). Hereditary Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma is caused by RET mutations, and may be associated to Pheochromocytomas in MEN 2 setting. Total thyroidectomy and at least central neck nodal dissection is required. The availability of genetic screening allows prophylactic or early surgery in asymptomatic patients, with subsequent definitive cure. Hereditary Pheochromocytomas may be present in several syndromes (MEN 2, VHL, NF1, Paraganglioma/Pheochromocytoma syndrome); it may involve both adrenals; in these cases, a cortical sparing adrenalectomy should be performed to avoid permanent hypocorticosurrenalism. Hereditary Primary Hyperparathyroidism may frequently occur associated to MEN 1, MEN 2A, MEN 4, Hyperparathyroidism-Jaw Tumor Syndrome; it may involve all the parathyroid glands, requiring subtotal parathyroidectomy or total parathyroidectomy plus autotransplantation. In some cases, a selective parathyroidectomy might be performed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Iacobone
- Minimally Invasive Endocrine Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy.
| | - Marilisa Citton
- Minimally Invasive Endocrine Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Giovanni Viel
- Minimally Invasive Endocrine Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Donatella Schiavone
- Minimally Invasive Endocrine Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesca Torresan
- Minimally Invasive Endocrine Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bondarenko NS, Dilmukhametova LK, Kurina AY, Murtazina AR, Sapronova AY, Sysoeva AP, Ugrumov MV. Plasticity of central and peripheral sources of noradrenaline in rats during ontogenesis. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2017; 82:373-379. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297917030166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
22
|
Nikishina YO, Murtazina AR, Sapronova AY, Melnikova VI, Bondarenko NS, Ugryumov MV. Reciprocal humoral regulation of endocrine noradrenaline sources in perinatal development of rats. Russ J Dev Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062360416050076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
23
|
Bondarenko NS, Murtazina AR, Dil'mukhametova LK, Ikonopistseva MA, Volina EV, Ugrumov MV. Secretory activity of the brain and peripheral organs: Spontaneous and stimulated release of noradrenaline in the ontogenesis of rats. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2016; 467:153-6. [PMID: 27193722 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672916020204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous and K(+)-stimulated release of noradrenaline from the hypothalamus, adrenal gland, and organ of Zuckerkandl under their flowing incubation was investigated in the perinatal period of ontogenesis of rats. The results suggest that, during the investigated period of ontogenesis, adrenal glands are the main source of noradrenaline in the blood, whereas the contributions of the organ of Zuckerkandl and the brain are not as significant and change during this period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N S Bondarenko
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 26, Moscow, 119334, Russia.
| | - A R Murtazina
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 26, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - L K Dil'mukhametova
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 26, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | | | - E V Volina
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 26, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - M V Ugrumov
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 26, Moscow, 119334, Russia.,National Research University "Higher School of Economics,", Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Murtazina AR, Nikishina YO, Bondarenko NS, Sapronova AJ, Ugrumov MV. Signal molecules during the organism development: Central and peripheral sources of noradrenaline in rat ontogenesis. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2016; 466:74-6. [PMID: 27025493 DOI: 10.1134/s160767291601018x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Using the method of high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection, the age dynamics of the content of noradrenaline (NA) in the brain, adrenal gland, and the organ of Zuckerkandl in prenatal (18th and 21st days of embryogenesis) and early postnatal (3, 7, 15, and 30th days) periods of development was studied. The potential contribution of these organs to the formation of physiologically active concentration of noradrenalin in the blood was also assessed. The results suggest that, during the development of the organism, the activity of the sources of noradrenaline in the general circulation changes, which gives a reason to assume the existence of humoral interaction between NA-producing organs in the perinatal period of ontogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A R Murtazina
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 26, Moscow, 119334, Russia.
| | - Y O Nikishina
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 26, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - N S Bondarenko
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 26, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - A Ja Sapronova
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 26, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - M V Ugrumov
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 26, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Identification of a novel interaction between corticotropin releasing hormone (Crh) and macroautophagy. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23342. [PMID: 26987580 PMCID: PMC4796911 DOI: 10.1038/srep23342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), compromised restitution of the epithelial barrier contributes to disease severity. Owing to the complexity in the pathogenesis of IBD, a variety of factors have been implicated in its progress. In this study, we report a functional interaction between macroautophagy and Corticotropin Releasing Hormone (Crh) in the gut. For this purpose we used DSS colitis model on Crh -/- or wild-type (wt) with pharmacological inhibition of autophagy. We uncovered sustained basal autophagy in the gut of Crh -/- mice, which persisted over the course of DSS administration. Autophagy inhibition resulted in partial rescue of Crh -/- mice, while it increased the expression of Crh in the wt gut. Similarly, Crh deficiency was associated with sustained activation of base line autophagy. In vitro models of amino acid deprivation- and LPS-induced autophagy confirmed the in vivo findings. Our results indicate a novel role for Crh in the intestinal epithelium that involves regulation of autophagy, while suggesting the complementary action of the two pathways. These data suggest the intriguing possibility that targeting Crh stimulation in the intestine may provide a novel therapeutic approach to support the integrity of the epithelial barrier and to protect from chronic colitis.
Collapse
|
26
|
Chan WH, Gonsalvez DG, Young HM, Southard-Smith EM, Cane KN, Anderson CR. Differences in CART expression and cell cycle behavior discriminate sympathetic neuroblast from chromaffin cell lineages in mouse sympathoadrenal cells. Dev Neurobiol 2015; 76:137-49. [PMID: 25989220 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Adrenal medullary chromaffin cells and peripheral sympathetic neurons originate from a common sympathoadrenal (SA) progenitor cell. The timing and phenotypic changes that mark this lineage diversification are not fully understood. The present study investigated the expression patterns of phenotypic markers, and cell cycle dynamics, in the adrenal medulla and the neighboring suprarenal ganglion of embryonic mice. The noradrenergic marker, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), was detected in both presumptive adrenal medulla and sympathetic ganglion cells, but with significantly stronger immunostaining in the former. There was intense cocaine and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide immunostaining in most neuroblasts, whereas very few adrenal chromaffin cells showed detectable CART immunostaining. This phenotypic segregation appeared as early as E12.5, before anatomical segregation of the two cell types. Cell cycle dynamics were also examined. Initially, 88% of Sox10 positive (+) neural crest progenitors were proliferating at E10.5. Many SA progenitor cells withdrew from the cell cycle at E11.5 as they started to express TH. Whereas 70% of neuroblasts (TH+/CART+ cells) were back in the cell cycle at E12.5, only around 20% of chromaffin (CART negative) cells were in the cell cycle at E12.5 and subsequent days. Thus, chromaffin cell and neuroblast lineages showed differences in proliferative behavior from their earliest appearance. We conclude that the intensity of TH immunostaining and the expression of CART permit early discrimination of chromaffin cells and sympathetic neuroblasts, and that developing chromaffin cells exhibit significantly lower proliferative activity relative to sympathetic neuroblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wing Hei Chan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - David G Gonsalvez
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Heather M Young
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - E Michelle Southard-Smith
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 529 Light Hall, 2215 Garland Avenue, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Kylie N Cane
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Colin R Anderson
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lumb R, Schwarz Q. Sympathoadrenal neural crest cells: the known, unknown and forgotten? Dev Growth Differ 2015; 57:146-57. [PMID: 25581786 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Neural crest cells (NCCs) are highly migratory progenitor cells that give rise to a vast array of differentiated cell types. One of their key derivatives is the autonomic nervous system (ANS) that is comprised in part from chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla and organ of Zuckerkandl, the sympathetic chain and additional prevertebral ganglia such as the celiac ganglia, suprarenal ganglia and mesenteric ganglia. In this review we discuss recent advances toward our understanding of how the NCC precursors of the ANS migrate to their target regions, how they are instructed to differentiate into the correct cell types, and the morphogenetic signals controlling their development. Many of these processes remain enigmatic to developmental biologists worldwide. Taking advantage of lineage tracing mouse models one of our own aims is to address the morphogenetic events underpinning the formation of the ANS and to identify the molecular mechanisms that help to segregate a mixed population of NCCs into pathways specific for the sympathetic ganglia, sensory ganglia or adrenal medulla.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Lumb
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia; Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|