1
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Lakes YB, Moye SL, Mo J, Tegtmeyer M, Nehme R, Charlton M, Salinas G, McKay RM, Eggan K, Le LQ. Econazole selectively induces cell death in NF1-homozygous mutant tumor cells. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101309. [PMID: 38086379 PMCID: PMC10772348 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous neurofibromas (cNFs) are tumors that develop in more than 99% of individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). They develop in the dermis and can number in the thousands. cNFs can be itchy and painful and negatively impact self-esteem. There is no US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug for their treatment. Here, we screen a library of FDA-approved drugs using a cNF cell model derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) generated from an NF1 patient. We engineer an NF1 mutation in the second allele to mimic loss of heterozygosity, differentiate the NF1+/- and NF1-/- hiPSCs into Schwann cell precursors (SCPs), and use them to screen a drug library to assess for inhibition of NF1-/- but not NF1+/- cell proliferation. We identify econazole nitrate as being effective against NF1-/- hiPSC-SCPs. Econazole cream selectively induces apoptosis in Nf1-/- murine nerve root neurosphere cells and human cNF xenografts. This study supports further testing of econazole for cNF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yenal B Lakes
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stefanie L Moye
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Juan Mo
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Matthew Tegtmeyer
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ralda Nehme
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Maura Charlton
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gabrielle Salinas
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Renee M McKay
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kevin Eggan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Lu Q Le
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; O'Donnell Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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2
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Gerschenfeld G, Coulpier F, Gresset A, Pulh P, Job B, Topilko T, Siegenthaler J, Kastriti ME, Brunet I, Charnay P, Topilko P. Neural tube-associated boundary caps are a major source of mural cells in the skin. eLife 2023; 12:e69413. [PMID: 38095361 PMCID: PMC10786459 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
In addition to their roles in protecting nerves and increasing conduction velocity, peripheral glia plays key functions in blood vessel development by secreting molecules governing arteries alignment and maturation with nerves. Here, we show in mice that a specific, nerve-attached cell population, derived from boundary caps (BCs), constitutes a major source of mural cells for the developing skin vasculature. Using Cre-based reporter cell tracing and single-cell transcriptomics, we show that BC derivatives migrate into the skin along the nerves, detach from them, and differentiate into pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells. Genetic ablation of this population affects the organization of the skin vascular network. Our results reveal the heterogeneity and extended potential of the BC population in mice, which gives rise to mural cells, in addition to previously described neurons, Schwann cells, and melanocytes. Finally, our results suggest that mural specification of BC derivatives takes place before their migration along nerves to the mouse skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaspard Gerschenfeld
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole normale supérieure (IBENS), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, Inserm, Université PSLParisFrance
- Sorbonne Université, Collège DoctoralParisFrance
| | - Fanny Coulpier
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole normale supérieure (IBENS), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, Inserm, Université PSLParisFrance
- nstitut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Inserm U955-Team 9CréteilFrance
- Genomic facility, Ecole normale supérieure, PSL Research University, CNRS, Inserm, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole normale supérieure (IBENS)ParisFrance
| | - Aurélie Gresset
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole normale supérieure (IBENS), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, Inserm, Université PSLParisFrance
| | - Pernelle Pulh
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole normale supérieure (IBENS), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, Inserm, Université PSLParisFrance
- nstitut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Inserm U955-Team 9CréteilFrance
| | - Bastien Job
- Inserm US23, AMMICA, Institut Gustave RoussyVillejuifFrance
| | - Thomas Topilko
- Laboratoire de Plasticité Structurale, Sorbonne Université, ICM Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR7225ParisFrance
| | - Julie Siegenthaler
- Department of Pediatrics Section of Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
| | - Maria Eleni Kastriti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Isabelle Brunet
- Inserm U1050, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Biologie (CIRB), Collège de FranceParisFrance
| | - Patrick Charnay
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole normale supérieure (IBENS), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, Inserm, Université PSLParisFrance
| | - Piotr Topilko
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole normale supérieure (IBENS), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, Inserm, Université PSLParisFrance
- nstitut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Inserm U955-Team 9CréteilFrance
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3
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Fountain DM, Sauka-Spengler T. The SWI/SNF Complex in Neural Crest Cell Development and Disease. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 2023; 24:203-223. [PMID: 37624665 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genom-011723-082913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
While the neural crest cell population gives rise to an extraordinary array of derivatives, including elements of the craniofacial skeleton, skin pigmentation, and peripheral nervous system, it is today increasingly recognized that Schwann cell precursors are also multipotent. Two mammalian paralogs of the SWI/SNF (switch/sucrose nonfermentable) chromatin-remodeling complexes, BAF (Brg1-associated factors) and PBAF (polybromo-associated BAF), are critical for neural crest specification during normal mammalian development. There is increasing evidence that pathogenic variants in components of the BAF and PBAF complexes play central roles in the pathogenesis of neural crest-derived tumors. Transgenic mouse models demonstrate a temporal window early in development where pathogenic variants in Smarcb1 result in the formation of aggressive, poorly differentiated tumors, such as rhabdoid tumors. By contrast, later in development, homozygous inactivation of Smarcb1 requires additional pathogenic variants in tumor suppressor genes to drive the development of differentiated adult neoplasms derived from the neural crest, which have a comparatively good prognosis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Fountain
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; ,
| | - Tatjana Sauka-Spengler
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; ,
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
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4
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Sanchini G, Vaes N, Boesmans W. Mini-review: Enteric glial cell heterogeneity: Is it all about the niche? Neurosci Lett 2023; 812:137396. [PMID: 37442521 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Enteric glial cells represent the enteric population of peripheral glia. According to their 'glial' nature, their principal function is to support enteric neurons in both structural and functional ways. Mounting evidence however demonstrates that enteric glial cells crucially contribute to the majority of enteric nervous system functions, thus acting as pivotal players in the maintenance of gut homeostasis. Various types of enteric glia are present within the gut wall, creating an intricate interaction network with other gastrointestinal cell types. Their distribution throughout the different layers of the gut wall translates in characteristic phenotypes that are tailored to the local tissue requirements of the digestive tract. This heterogeneity is assumed to be mirrored by functional specialization, but the extensive plasticity and versatility of enteric glial cells complicates a one on one phenotype/function definition. Moreover, the relative contribution of niche-specific signals versus lineage determinants for driving enteric glial heterogeneity is still uncertain. In this review we focus on the current understanding of phenotypic and functional enteric glial cell heterogeneity, from a microenvironmental and developmental perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Sanchini
- Enteric Neurobiology Lab, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Vaes
- Enteric Neurobiology Lab, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Werend Boesmans
- Enteric Neurobiology Lab, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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5
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Abstract
Satellite glial cells (SGCs) that surround sensory neurons in the peripheral nervous system ganglia originate from neural crest cells. Although several studies have focused on SGCs, the origin and characteristics of SGCs are unknown, and their lineage remains unidentified. Traditionally, it has been considered that SGCs regulate the environment around neurons under pathological conditions, and perform functions of supporting, nourishing, and protecting neurons. However, recent studies demonstrated that SGCs may have the characteristics of stem cells. After nerve injury, SGCs up-regulate the expression of stem cell markers and can differentiate into functional sensory neurons. Moreover, SGCs express several markers of Schwann cell precursors and Schwann cells, such as CDH19, MPZ, PLP1, SOX10, ERBB3, and FABP7. Schwann cell precursors have also been proposed as a potential source of neurons in the peripheral nervous system. The similarity in function and markers suggests that SGCs may represent a subgroup of Schwann cell precursors. Herein, we discuss the roles and functions of SGCs, and the lineage relationship between SGCs and Schwann cell precursors. We also describe a new perspective on the roles and functions of SGCs. In the DRG located on the posterior root of spinal nerves, satellite glial cells wrap around each sensory neuron to form an anatomically and functionally distinct unit with the sensory neurons. Following nerve injury, satellite glial cells up-regulate the expression of progenitor markers, and can differentiate into neurons.
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6
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Kastriti ME, Faure L, Von Ahsen D, Bouderlique TG, Boström J, Solovieva T, Jackson C, Bronner M, Meijer D, Hadjab S, Lallemend F, Erickson A, Kaucka M, Dyachuk V, Perlmann T, Lahti L, Krivanek J, Brunet J, Fried K, Adameyko I. Schwann cell precursors represent a neural crest-like state with biased multipotency. EMBO J 2022; 41:e108780. [PMID: 35815410 PMCID: PMC9434083 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021108780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwann cell precursors (SCPs) are nerve-associated progenitors that can generate myelinating and non-myelinating Schwann cells but also are multipotent like the neural crest cells from which they originate. SCPs are omnipresent along outgrowing peripheral nerves throughout the body of vertebrate embryos. By using single-cell transcriptomics to generate a gene expression atlas of the entire neural crest lineage, we show that early SCPs and late migratory crest cells have similar transcriptional profiles characterised by a multipotent "hub" state containing cells biased towards traditional neural crest fates. SCPs keep diverging from the neural crest after being primed towards terminal Schwann cells and other fates, with different subtypes residing in distinct anatomical locations. Functional experiments using CRISPR-Cas9 loss-of-function further show that knockout of the common "hub" gene Sox8 causes defects in neural crest-derived cells along peripheral nerves by facilitating differentiation of SCPs towards sympathoadrenal fates. Finally, specific tumour populations found in melanoma, neurofibroma and neuroblastoma map to different stages of SCP/Schwann cell development. Overall, SCPs resemble migrating neural crest cells that maintain multipotency and become transcriptionally primed towards distinct lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eleni Kastriti
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Center for Brain ResearchMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain ResearchMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Louis Faure
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain ResearchMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Dorothea Von Ahsen
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain ResearchMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | | | - Johan Boström
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain ResearchMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Tatiana Solovieva
- Division of Biology and Biological EngineeringCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | - Cameron Jackson
- Division of Biology and Biological EngineeringCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | - Marianne Bronner
- Division of Biology and Biological EngineeringCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | - Dies Meijer
- Centre for Discovery Brain SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Saida Hadjab
- Department of NeuroscienceKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | | | - Alek Erickson
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Marketa Kaucka
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary BiologyPlönGermany
| | | | - Thomas Perlmann
- Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Laura Lahti
- Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Jan Krivanek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of MedicineMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Jean‐Francois Brunet
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), INSERM, CNRS, École Normale SupérieurePSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Kaj Fried
- Department of NeuroscienceKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Igor Adameyko
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain ResearchMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
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7
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Bonnamour G, Charrier B, Sallis S, Leduc E, Pilon N. NR2F1 regulates a Schwann cell precursor-vs-melanocyte cell fate switch in a mouse model of Waardenburg syndrome type IV. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2022; 35:506-516. [PMID: 35816394 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Waardenburg syndrome type 4 (WS4) combines abnormal development of neural crest cell (NCC)-derived melanocytes (causing depigmentation and inner ear dysfunction) and enteric nervous system (causing aganglionic megacolon). The full spectrum of WS4 phenotype is present in Spot mice, in which an insertional mutation close to a silencer element leads to NCC-specific upregulation of the transcription factor-coding gene Nr2f1. These mice were previously found to develop aganglionic megacolon because of NR2F1-induced premature differentiation of enteric neural progenitors into enteric glia. Intriguingly, this prior work also showed that inner ear dysfunction in Spot mutants specifically affects balance but not hearing, consistent with the absence of melanocytes in the vestibule only. Here, we report an analysis of the effect of Nr2f1 upregulation on the development of both inner ear and skin melanocytes, also taking in consideration their origin relative to the dorsolateral and ventral NCC migration pathways. In the trunk, we found that NR2F1 overabundance in Spot NCCs forces dorso-laterally migrating melanoblasts to abnormally adopt a Schwann cell precursor (SCP) fate and conversely prevents ventrally migrating SCPs to normally adopt a melanoblast fate. In the head, Nr2f1 upregulation appears not to be uniform, which might explain why SCP-derived melanocytes do colonize the cochlea while non-SCP-derived melanocytes cannot reach the vestibule. Collectively, these data point to a key role for NR2F1 in the control of SCP-vs-melanocyte fate choice and unveil a new pathogenic mechanism for WS4. Moreover, our data argue against the proposed existence of a transit-amplifying compartment of melanocyte precursors in hair follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégoire Bonnamour
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, Canada.,Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines-Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Baptiste Charrier
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, Canada.,Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines-Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Sephora Sallis
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, Canada.,Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines-Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Leduc
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, Canada.,Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines-Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Nicolas Pilon
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, Canada.,Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines-Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada.,Département de Pédiatrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
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8
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Pietrobon A, Yockell-Lelièvre J, Flood TA, Stanford WL. Renal organoid modeling of tuberous sclerosis complex reveals lesion features arise from diverse developmental processes. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111048. [PMID: 35793620 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a multisystem tumor-forming disorder caused by loss of TSC1 or TSC2. Renal manifestations predominately include cysts and angiomyolipomas. Despite a well-described monogenic etiology, the cellular pathogenesis remains elusive. We report a genetically engineered human renal organoid model that recapitulates pleiotropic features of TSC kidney disease in vitro and upon orthotopic xenotransplantation. Time course single-cell RNA sequencing demonstrates that loss of TSC1 or TSC2 affects multiple developmental processes in the renal epithelial, stromal, and glial compartments. First, TSC1 or TSC2 ablation induces transitional upregulation of stromal-associated genes. Second, epithelial cells in the TSC1-/- and TSC2-/- organoids exhibit a rapamycin-insensitive epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Third, a melanocytic population forms exclusively in TSC1-/- and TSC2-/- organoids, branching from MITF+ Schwann cell precursors. Together, these results illustrate the pleiotropic developmental consequences of biallelic inactivation of TSC1 or TSC2 and offer insight into TSC kidney lesion pathogenesis.
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9
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Patritti Cram J, Wu J, Coover RA, Rizvi TA, Chaney KE, Ravindran R, Cancelas JA, Spinner RJ, Ratner N. P2RY14 cAMP signaling regulates Schwann cell precursor self-renewal, proliferation, and nerve tumor initiation in a mouse model of neurofibromatosis. eLife 2022; 11:73511. [PMID: 35311647 PMCID: PMC8959601 DOI: 10.7554/elife.73511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is characterized by nerve tumors called neurofibromas, in which Schwann cells (SCs) show deregulated RAS signaling. NF1 is also implicated in regulation of cAMP. We identified the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) P2ry14 in human neurofibromas, neurofibroma-derived SC precursors (SCPs), mature SCs, and mouse SCPs. Mouse Nf1-/- SCP self-renewal was reduced by genetic or pharmacological inhibition of P2ry14. In a mouse model of NF1, genetic deletion of P2ry14 rescued low cAMP signaling, increased mouse survival, delayed neurofibroma initiation, and improved SC Remak bundles. P2ry14 signals via Gi to increase intracellular cAMP, implicating P2ry14 as a key upstream regulator of cAMP. We found that elevation of cAMP by either blocking the degradation of cAMP or by using a P2ry14 inhibitor diminished NF1-/- SCP self-renewal in vitro and neurofibroma SC proliferation in in vivo. These studies identify P2ry14 as a critical regulator of SCP self-renewal, SC proliferation, and neurofibroma initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Patritti Cram
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer & Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Jianqiang Wu
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer & Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Robert A Coover
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer & Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Tilat A Rizvi
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer & Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Katherine E Chaney
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer & Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Ramya Ravindran
- Molecular and Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Jose A Cancelas
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer & Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States.,Hoxworth Blood Center, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Robert J Spinner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States
| | - Nancy Ratner
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer & Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, United States
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10
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Sundaram VK, El Jalkh T, Barakat R, Fernandez CJI, Massaad C, Grenier J. Retracing Schwann Cell Developmental Transitions in Embryonic Dissociated DRG/Schwann Cell Cocultures in Mice. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:590537. [PMID: 34093128 PMCID: PMC8173108 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.590537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic Dissociated Dorsal Root Ganglia (DRG) cultures are often used to investigate the role of novel molecular pathways or drugs in Schwann cell development and myelination. These cultures largely recapitulate the order of cellular and molecular events that occur in Schwann cells of embryonic nerves. However, the timing of Schwann cell developmental transitions, notably the transition from Schwann Cell Precursors (SCP) to immature Schwann cells (iSC) and then to myelinating Schwann cells, has not been estimated so far in this culture system. In this study, we determined the expression profiles of Schwann cell developmental genes during the first week of culture and then compared our data to the expression profiles of these genes in developing spinal nerves. This helped in identifying that SCP transition into iSC between the 5th and 7th day in vitro. Furthermore, we also investigated the transition of immature cells into pro-myelinating and myelinating Schwann cells upon the induction of myelination in vitro. Our results suggest that Schwann cell differentiation beyond the immature stage can be observed as early as 4 days post the induction of myelination in cocultures. Finally, we compared the myelinating potential of coculture-derived Schwann cell monocultures to cultures established from neonatal sciatic nerves and found that both these culture systems exhibit similar myelinating phenotypes. In effect, our results allow for a better understanding and interpretation of coculture experiments especially in studies that aim to elucidate the role of a novel actor in Schwann cell development and myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tatiana El Jalkh
- INSERM UMRS 1124, Faculty of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,EC2M, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Rasha Barakat
- INSERM UMRS 1124, Faculty of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM UMRS 1016, Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Charbel Massaad
- INSERM UMRS 1124, Faculty of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Julien Grenier
- INSERM UMRS 1124, Faculty of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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11
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Kameneva P, Kastriti ME, Adameyko I. Neuronal lineages derived from the nerve-associated Schwann cell precursors. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:513-529. [PMID: 32748156 PMCID: PMC7873084 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03609-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
For a long time, neurogenic placodes and migratory neural crest cells were considered the immediate sources building neurons of peripheral nervous system. Recently, a number of discoveries revealed the existence of another progenitor type-a nerve-associated multipotent Schwann cell precursors (SCPs) building enteric and parasympathetic neurons as well as neuroendocrine chromaffin cells. SCPs are neural crest-derived and are similar to the crest cells by their markers and differentiation potential. Such similarities, but also considerable differences, raise many questions pertaining to the medical side, fundamental developmental biology and evolution. Here, we discuss the genesis of Schwann cell precursors, their role in building peripheral neural structures and ponder on their role in the origin in congenial diseases associated with peripheral nervous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Kameneva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
| | - Maria Eleni Kastriti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Igor Adameyko
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden.
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria.
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12
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Kastriti ME, Kameneva P, Adameyko I. Stem cells, evolutionary aspects and pathology of the adrenal medulla: A new developmental paradigm. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 518:110998. [PMID: 32818585 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian adrenal gland is composed of two main components; the catecholaminergic neural crest-derived medulla, found in the center of the gland, and the mesoderm-derived cortex producing steroidogenic hormones. The medulla is composed of neuroendocrine chromaffin cells with oxygen-sensing properties and is dependent on tissue interactions with the overlying cortex, both during development and in adulthood. Other relevant organs include the Zuckerkandl organ containing extra-adrenal chromaffin cells, and carotid oxygen-sensing bodies containing glomus cells. Chromaffin and glomus cells reveal a number of important similarities and are derived from the multipotent nerve-associated descendants of the neural crest, or Schwann cell precursors. Abnormalities in complex developmental processes during differentiation of nerve-associated and other progenitors into chromaffin and oxygen-sensing populations may result in different subtypes of paraganglioma, neuroblastoma and pheochromocytoma. Here, we summarize recent findings explaining the development of chromaffin and oxygen-sensing cells, as well as the potential mechanisms driving neuroendocrine tumor initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eleni Kastriti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Polina Kameneva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden; National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Igor Adameyko
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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13
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Dong R, Yang R, Zhan Y, Lai HD, Ye CJ, Yao XY, Luo WQ, Cheng XM, Miao JJ, Wang JF, Liu BH, Liu XQ, Xie LL, Li Y, Zhang M, Chen L, Song WC, Qian W, Gao WQ, Tang YH, Shen CY, Jiang W, Chen G, Yao W, Dong KR, Xiao XM, Zheng S, Li K, Wang J. Single-Cell Characterization of Malignant Phenotypes and Developmental Trajectories of Adrenal Neuroblastoma. Cancer Cell 2020; 38:716-733.e6. [PMID: 32946775 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB), which is a subtype of neural-crest-derived malignancy, is the most common extracranial solid tumor occurring in childhood. Despite extensive research, the underlying developmental origin of NB remains unclear. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we generate transcriptomes of adrenal NB from 160,910 cells of 16 patients and transcriptomes of putative developmental cells of origin of NB from 12,103 cells of early human embryos and fetal adrenal glands at relatively late development stages. We find that most adrenal NB tumor cells transcriptionally mirror noradrenergic chromaffin cells. Malignant states also recapitulate the proliferation/differentiation status of chromaffin cells in the process of normal development. Our findings provide insight into developmental trajectories and cellular states underlying human initiation and progression of NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Dong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China.
| | - Ran Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Yong Zhan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Hua-Dong Lai
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Chun-Jing Ye
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Yao
- Family Planning Department, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wen-Qin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xiao-Mu Cheng
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Ju-Ju Miao
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jun-Feng Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Bai-Hui Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Xiang-Qi Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Lu-Lu Xie
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Man Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Lian Chen
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Wei-Chen Song
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Wei Qian
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Gao
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yun-Hui Tang
- Family Planning Department, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Chun-Yan Shen
- Family Planning Department, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Genergy Bio-technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Gong Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Wei Yao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Kui-Ran Dong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Xian-Min Xiao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Shan Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai 201102, China.
| | - Jia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
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14
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Bonnamour G, Soret R, Pilon N. Dhh-expressing Schwann cell precursors contribute to skin and cochlear melanocytes, but not to vestibular melanocytes. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2020; 34:648-654. [PMID: 33089656 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
For a long time, melanocytes were believed to be exclusively derived from neural crest cells migrating from the neural tube toward the developing skin. This notion was then challenged by studies suggesting that melanocytes could also be made from neural crest-derived Schwann cell precursors (SCPs) on peripheral nerves. A SCP origin was inferred from lineage tracing studies in mice using a Plp1 promoter-controlled Cre driver transgene (Plp1-CreERT2) and a fluorescent Rosa26 locus-controlled Cre reporter allele (Rosa26FloxSTOP-YFP ). However, doubts were raised in part because another SCP-directed Cre driver controlled by the Dhh promoter (Dhh-Cre) was apparently unable to label melanocytes when used with a non-fluorescent Rosa26 locus-controlled Cre reporter (Rosa26FloxSTOP-LacZ ). Here, we report that the same Dhh-Cre driver line can efficiently label melanocytes when used in a pure FVB/N background together with the fluorescent instead of the non-fluorescent Rosa26 locus-controlled Cre reporter. Our data further suggest that the vast majority of skin melanocytes are SCP-derived. Interestingly, we also discovered that SCPs contribute inner ear melanocytes in a region-specific manner, extensively contributing to the cochlea but not to the vestibule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégoire Bonnamour
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréa, QC, Canada.,Centre d'excellence en recherche sur les maladies orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Rodolphe Soret
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréa, QC, Canada.,Centre d'excellence en recherche sur les maladies orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Pilon
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréa, QC, Canada.,Centre d'excellence en recherche sur les maladies orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de pédiatrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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15
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Milichko V, Dyachuk V. Novel Glial Cell Functions: Extensive Potency, Stem Cell-Like Properties, and Participation in Regeneration and Transdifferentiation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:809. [PMID: 33015034 PMCID: PMC7461986 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Glial cells are the most abundant cells in both the peripheral and central nervous systems. During the past decade, a subpopulation of immature peripheral glial cells, namely, embryonic Schwann cell-precursors, have been found to perform important functions related to development. These cells have properties resembling those of the neural crest and, depending on their location in the body, can transform into several different cell types in peripheral tissues, including autonomic neurons. This review describes the multipotent properties of Schwann cell-precursors and their importance, together with innervation, during early development. The heterogeneity of Schwann cells, as revealed using single-cell transcriptomics, raises a question on whether some glial cells in the adult peripheral nervous system retain their stem cell-like properties. We also discuss how a deeper insight into the biology of both embryonic and adult Schwann cells might lead to an effective treatment of the damage of both neural and non-neural tissues, including the damage caused by neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, understanding the potential involvement of Schwann cells in the regulation of tumor development may reveal novel targets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Milichko
- Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vyacheslav Dyachuk
- Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
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16
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Kim HS, Kim JY, Song CL, Jeong JE, Cho YS. Directly induced human Schwann cell precursors as a valuable source of Schwann cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:257. [PMID: 32586386 PMCID: PMC7318441 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01772-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Schwann cells (SCs) are primarily responsible for regeneration and repair of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Renewable and lineage-restricted SC precursors (SCPs) are considered highly desirable and promising cell sources for the production of SCs and for studies of SC lineage development, but SCPs are extremely limited. Here, we present a novel direct conversion strategy for the generation of human SCPs, capable of differentiating into functional SCs. Methods Easily accessible human skin fibroblast cells were directly induced into integration-free SCPs using episomal vectors (Oct3/4, Klf4, Sox2, L-Myc, Lin28 and p53 shRNA) under SCP lineage-specific chemically defined medium conditions. Induced SCPs (iSCPs) were further examined for their ability to differentiate into SCs. The identification and functionality of iSCPs and iSCP-differentiated SCs (iSCs) were confirmed according to morphology, lineage-specific markers, neurotropic factor secretion, and/or standard functional assays. Results Highly pure, Sox 10-positive of iSCPs (more than 95% purity) were generated from human skin fibroblasts within 3 weeks. Established iSCPs could be propagated in vitro while maintaining their SCP identity. Within 1 week, iSCPs could efficiently differentiate into SCs (more than 95% purity). The iSCs were capable of secreting various neurotrophic factors such as GDNF, NGF, BDNF, and NT-3. The in vitro myelinogenic potential of iSCs was assessed by myelinating cocultures using mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons or human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived sensory neurons (HSNs). Furthermore, iSC transplantation promoted sciatic nerve repair and improved behavioral recovery in a mouse model of sciatic nerve crush injury in vivo. Conclusions We report a robust method for the generation of human iSCPs/iSCs that might serve as a promising cellular source for various regenerative biomedical research and applications, such as cell therapy and drug discovery, especially for the treatment of PNS injury and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Seop Kim
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory (SCRL), Immunotherapy Research Center (IRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Jae Yun Kim
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory (SCRL), Immunotherapy Research Center (IRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.,Department of Bioscience, KRIBB School, University of Science & Technology, 113 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - Cho Lok Song
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory (SCRL), Immunotherapy Research Center (IRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.,Department of Bioscience, KRIBB School, University of Science & Technology, 113 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - Ji Eun Jeong
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory (SCRL), Immunotherapy Research Center (IRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Yee Sook Cho
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory (SCRL), Immunotherapy Research Center (IRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea. .,Department of Bioscience, KRIBB School, University of Science & Technology, 113 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea.
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17
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Xie M, Kamenev D, Kaucka M, Kastriti ME, Zhou B, Artemov AV, Storer M, Fried K, Adameyko I, Dyachuk V, Chagin AS. Schwann cell precursors contribute to skeletal formation during embryonic development in mice and zebrafish. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:15068-73. [PMID: 31285319 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1900038116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotent Schwann cell precursors (SCPs) generate numerous cell types. Here, in both mouse and zebrafish, SCPs contributed to the generation of mesenchymal, chondroprogenitor, and osteoprogenitor cells during embryonic development. These findings reveal a source of cartilage and bone cells and previously unanticipated interactions between the nervous system and skeleton during development. Immature multipotent embryonic peripheral glial cells, the Schwann cell precursors (SCPs), differentiate into melanocytes, parasympathetic neurons, chromaffin cells, and dental mesenchymal populations. Here, genetic lineage tracing revealed that, during murine embryonic development, some SCPs detach from nerve fibers to become mesenchymal cells, which differentiate further into chondrocytes and mature osteocytes. This occurred only during embryonic development, producing numerous craniofacial and trunk skeletal elements, without contributing to development of the appendicular skeleton. Formation of chondrocytes from SCPs also occurred in zebrafish, indicating evolutionary conservation. Our findings reveal multipotency of SCPs, providing a developmental link between the nervous system and skeleton.
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18
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Kastriti ME, Kameneva P, Kamenev D, Dyachuk V, Furlan A, Hampl M, Memic F, Marklund U, Lallemend F, Hadjab S, Calvo-Enrique L, Ernfors P, Fried K, Adameyko I. Schwann Cell Precursors Generate the Majority of Chromaffin Cells in Zuckerkandl Organ and Some Sympathetic Neurons in Paraganglia. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:6. [PMID: 30740044 PMCID: PMC6355685 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, neurosecretory chromaffin cells control a number of important bodily functions, including those related to stress response. Chromaffin cells appear as a distinct cell type at the beginning of midgestation and are the main cellular source of adrenalin and noradrenalin released into the blood stream. In mammals, two different chromaffin organs emerge at a close distance to each other, the adrenal gland and Zuckerkandl organ (ZO). These two structures are found in close proximity to the kidneys and dorsal aorta, in a region where paraganglioma, pheochromocytoma and neuroblastoma originate in the majority of clinical cases. Recent studies showed that the chromaffin cells comprising the adrenal medulla are largely derived from nerve-associated multipotent Schwann cell precursors (SCPs) arriving at the adrenal anlage with the preganglionic nerve fibers, whereas the migratory neural crest cells provide only minor contribution. However, the embryonic origin of the ZO, which differs from the adrenal medulla in a number of aspects, has not been studied in detail. The ZO is composed of chromaffin cells in direct contact with the dorsal aorta and the intraperitoneal cavity and disappears through an autophagy-mediated mechanism after birth. In contrast, the adrenal medulla remains throughout the entire life and furthermore, is covered by the adrenal cortex. Using a combination of lineage tracing strategies with nerve- and cell type-specific ablations, we reveal that the ZO is largely SCP-derived and forms in synchrony with progressively increasing innervation. Moreover, the ZO develops hand-in-hand with the adjacent sympathetic ganglia that coalesce around the dorsal aorta. Finally, we were able to provide evidence for a SCP-contribution to a small but significant proportion of sympathetic neurons of the posterior paraganglia. Thus, this cellular source complements the neural crest, which acts as a main source of sympathetic neurons. Our discovery of a nerve-dependent origin of chromaffin cells and some sympathoblasts may help to understand the origin of pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma and neuroblastoma, all of which are currently thought to be derived from the neural crest or committed sympathoadrenal precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eleni Kastriti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Polina Kameneva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Dmitry Kamenev
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia.,Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Viacheslav Dyachuk
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia.,Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alessandro Furlan
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, United States
| | - Marek Hampl
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, CAS, Brno, Czechia.,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Fatima Memic
- Unit of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Marklund
- Unit of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Saida Hadjab
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Calvo-Enrique
- Unit of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrik Ernfors
- Unit of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kaj Fried
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Igor Adameyko
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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19
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Hockman D, Adameyko I, Kaucka M, Barraud P, Otani T, Hunt A, Hartwig AC, Sock E, Waithe D, Franck MCM, Ernfors P, Ehinger S, Howard MJ, Brown N, Reese J, Baker CVH. Striking parallels between carotid body glomus cell and adrenal chromaffin cell development. Dev Biol 2018; 444 Suppl 1:S308-S324. [PMID: 29807017 PMCID: PMC6453021 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Carotid body glomus cells mediate essential reflex responses to arterial blood hypoxia. They are dopaminergic and secrete growth factors that support dopaminergic neurons, making the carotid body a potential source of patient-specific cells for Parkinson's disease therapy. Like adrenal chromaffin cells, which are also hypoxia-sensitive, glomus cells are neural crest-derived and require the transcription factors Ascl1 and Phox2b; otherwise, their development is little understood at the molecular level. Here, analysis in chicken and mouse reveals further striking molecular parallels, though also some differences, between glomus and adrenal chromaffin cell development. Moreover, histology has long suggested that glomus cell precursors are ‘émigrés’ from neighbouring ganglia/nerves, while multipotent nerve-associated glial cells are now known to make a significant contribution to the adrenal chromaffin cell population in the mouse. We present conditional genetic lineage-tracing data from mice supporting the hypothesis that progenitors expressing the glial marker proteolipid protein 1, presumably located in adjacent ganglia/nerves, also contribute to glomus cells. Finally, we resolve a paradox for the ‘émigré’ hypothesis in the chicken - where the nearest ganglion to the carotid body is the nodose, in which the satellite glia are neural crest-derived, but the neurons are almost entirely placode-derived - by fate-mapping putative nodose neuronal 'émigrés' to the neural crest. Glomus cell precursors express the neuron-specific marker Elavl3/4 (HuC/D). Developing glomus cells express multiple ‘sympathoadrenal' genes. Glomus cell development requires Hand2 and Sox4/11, but not Ret or Tfap2b. Multipotent progenitors with a glial phenotype contribute to glomus cells. Fate-mapping resolves a paradox for the ganglionic 'émigré' hypothesis in birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorit Hockman
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Anatomy Building, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom; Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Igor Adameyko
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Brain Research, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marketa Kaucka
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Perrine Barraud
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Anatomy Building, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom
| | - Tomoki Otani
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Anatomy Building, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Hunt
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Anatomy Building, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom
| | - Anna C Hartwig
- Institut für Biochemie, Emil-Fischer-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstrasse 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Sock
- Institut für Biochemie, Emil-Fischer-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstrasse 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dominic Waithe
- Wolfson Imaging Centre, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Marina C M Franck
- Unit of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrik Ernfors
- Unit of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sean Ehinger
- Department of Neurosciences and Program in Neurosciences and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toledo Health Sciences Campus, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Marthe J Howard
- Department of Neurosciences and Program in Neurosciences and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toledo Health Sciences Campus, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Naoko Brown
- Depts. of Pediatrics, Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2215 B Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jeffrey Reese
- Depts. of Pediatrics, Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2215 B Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Clare V H Baker
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Anatomy Building, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom.
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Abstract
Neuroblastoma is an embryonal malignancy that affects normal development of the adrenal medulla and paravertebral sympathetic ganglia in early childhood. Extensive studies have revealed the molecular characteristics of human neuroblastomas, including abnormalities at genome, epigenome and transcriptome levels. However, neuroblastoma initiation mechanisms and even its origin are long-standing mysteries. In this review article, we summarize the current knowledge about normal development of putative neuroblastoma sources, namely sympathoadrenal lineage of neural crest cells and Schwann cell precursors that were recently identified as the source of adrenal chromaffin cells. A plausible origin of enigmatic stage 4S neuroblastoma is also discussed. With regard to the initiation mechanisms, we review genetic abnormalities in neuroblastomas and their possible association to initiation mechanisms. We also summarize evidences of neuroblastoma initiation observed in genetically engineered animal models, in which epigenetic alterations were involved, including transcriptomic upregulation by N-Myc and downregulation by polycomb repressive complex 2. Finally, several in vitro experimental methods are proposed that hopefully will accelerate our comprehension of neuroblastoma initiation. Thus, this review summarizes the state-of-the-art knowledge about the mechanisms of neuroblastoma initiation, which is critical for developing new strategies to cure children with neuroblastoma.
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21
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Uesaka T, Young HM, Pachnis V, Enomoto H. Development of the intrinsic and extrinsic innervation of the gut. Dev Biol 2016; 417:158-67. [PMID: 27112528 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is innervated by intrinsic enteric neurons and by extrinsic efferent and afferent nerves. The enteric (intrinsic) nervous system (ENS) in most regions of the gut consists of two main ganglionated layers; myenteric and submucosal ganglia, containing numerous types of enteric neurons and glial cells. Axons arising from the ENS and from extrinsic neurons innervate most layers of the gut wall and regulate many gut functions. The majority of ENS cells are derived from vagal neural crest cells (NCCs), which proliferate, colonize the entire gut, and first populate the myenteric region. After gut colonization by vagal NCCs, the extrinsic nerve fibers reach the GI tract, and Schwann cell precursors (SCPs) enter the gut along the extrinsic nerves. Furthermore, a subpopulation of cells in myenteric ganglia undergoes a radial (inward) migration to form the submucosal plexus, and the intrinsic and extrinsic innervation to the mucosal region develops. Here, we focus on recent progress in understanding the developmental processes that occur after the gut is colonized by vagal ENS precursors, and provide an up-to-date overview of molecular mechanisms regulating the development of the intrinsic and extrinsic innervation of the GI tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Uesaka
- Division of Neural Differentiation and Regeneration, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe 650-0017, Japan; Laboratory for Neuronal Differentiation and Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
| | - Heather M Young
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, 3010 VIC, Australia
| | - Vassilis Pachnis
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, United Kingdom
| | - Hideki Enomoto
- Division of Neural Differentiation and Regeneration, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe 650-0017, Japan; Laboratory for Neuronal Differentiation and Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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22
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Abstract
In this article, we first briefly outline the function of G protein coupled receptors in cancer, and then specifically examine the roles of the seven transmembrane G protein coupled Endothelin B receptor (Ednrb) and the G proteins, GNAQ and GNA11, in both melanocyte development and melanoma. Ednrb plays an essential role in melanocyte development. GNAQ and GNA11 are oncogenes when mutated in certain types of melanocytic lesions, being extremely frequent in uveal melanoma, which forms from melanocytes located in the eye. Previously, we reported that in mice, Schwann cell precursor derived melanocytes colonize the dermis and hair follicles, while the inter-follicular epidermis is populated by other melanocytes. A pattern has emerged whereby melanocytes whose activities are affected by gain-of-function mutations of the Endothelin 3 ligand and Gαq/11 are the same subset that arise from Schwann cell precursors. Furthermore, the forced expression of the constitutively active human GNAQQ209L oncogene in mouse melanocytes only causes hyper-proliferation in the subset that arise from Schwann cell precursors. This has led us to hypothesize that in Schwann cell precursor derived melanocytes, Ednrb signals through Gαq/11. Ednrb is promiscuous and may signal through other G protein alpha subunits in melanomas located in the inter-follicular epidermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Urtatiz
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC, Canada
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