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Kongara K. Pharmacogenetics of opioid analgesics in dogs. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2017; 41:195-204. [DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Kongara
- Animal Welfare Science and Bioethics Centre; Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University; Palmerston North New Zealand
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2
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Sasaki K, Shimoda M. Possible drug-drug interaction in dogs and cats resulted from alteration in drug metabolism: A mini review. J Adv Res 2015; 6:383-92. [PMID: 26257936 PMCID: PMC4522589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions (in particular at metabolism) may result in fatal adverse effects in some cases. This basic information, therefore, is needed for drug therapy even in veterinary medicine, as multidrug therapy is not rare in canines and felines. The aim of this review was focused on possible drug-drug interactions in dogs and cats. The interaction includes enzyme induction by phenobarbital, enzyme inhibition by ketoconazole and fluoroquinolones, and down-regulation of enzymes by dexamethasone. A final conclusion based upon the available literatures and author's experience is given at the end of the review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Minoru Shimoda
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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Zhou X, Gao ZW, Meng J, Chen XY, Zhong DF. Effects of ketoconazole and rifampicin on the pharmacokinetics of GLS4, a novel anti-hepatitis B virus compound, in dogs. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2013; 34:1420-6. [PMID: 24056704 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2013.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the metabolism of GLS4, a heteroaryldihydropyrimidine compound with anti-hepatitis B virus activity, in dog and human liver microsomes in vitro and evaluate the effects of ketoconazole (a potent CYP3A inhibitor) or rifampicin (a potent CYP3A inducer) on GLS4 pharmacokinetics in dogs. METHODS Dog and human liver microsomes and CYP3A4 were incubated with [(14)C]GLS4 for 15 min and then analyzed using a HPLC-dynamic online radio flow detection method. Two groups of beagle dogs were used for in vivo studies. Group A were orally administered a single dose of GLS4 (15 mg/kg) with or without ketoconazole pretreatment (100 mg/d for 8 consecutive days). Group B were orally administered a single dose of GLS4 (15 mg/kg) with or without rifampicin pretreatment (100 mg/d for 8 consecutive days). Plasma was sampled after GLS4 dosing. GLS4 concentrations were determined by HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS The metabolic profile of [(14)C]GLS4 in human and dog liver microsomes and CYP3A4 was similar. The major metabolites were morpholine N-dealkylated GLS4 and morpholine N,N-di-dealkylated GLS4. Pretreatment with ketoconazole or rifampicin significantly affected the plasma concentrations of GLS4 in dogs: ketoconazole increased the area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to infinity and peak concentration of GLS4 by 4.4 and 3.3 folds, respectively, whereas rifampicin decreased these parameters by 88.5% and 83.2%, respectively. CONCLUSION GLS4 is a sensitive substrate of CYP3A. CYP3A inhibitors or inducers cause considerable change of GLS4 plasma concentrations in dogs, which should be considered in clinical practice.
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Shibata Y, Kuze J, Chiba M. Utility of cryopreserved hepatocytes suspended in serum to predict hepatic clearance in dogs and monkeys. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2013; 29:168-76. [PMID: 24042473 DOI: 10.2133/dmpk.dmpk-13-rg-083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An in vitro-in vivo correlation analysis between observed and predicted metabolic clearance in multiple preclinical species including dogs and monkeys constitutes an integral part of prediction for the pharmacokinetics in humans by using liver-derived in vitro preparations. Empirical values of the scaling factor for the extrapolation of metabolic (intrinsic) clearance in the in vitro preparation to that for whole liver were calculated for each preparation of 8 and 5 cryopreserved dog and monkey hepatocytes, respectively, by optimizing the objective function of average fold error between predicted and observed metabolic (intrinsic) clearance for eight and 11 standard compounds for dogs and monkeys, respectively. Thus obtained values of the scaling factor ranged from 5.46 × 10(9) to 19.9 × 10(9) cells/kg body weight with an average of 10.3 × 10(9) cells/kg body weight in dogs, and the value ranged from 2.36 × 10(9) to 4.21 × 10(9) cells/kg body weight with an average of 3.17 × 10(9) cells/kg body weight in monkeys, which were both consistent with biologically calculated values in corresponding species. These results demonstrated the utility of commercially available cryopreserved preparations of dog and monkey hepatocytes for the in vitro-in vivo correlation analyses with the aid of empirically or biologically obtained scaling factors at the early development stage of new drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Shibata
- Discovery Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Tsukuba Research Center, Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
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Heikkinen AT, Fowler S, Gray L, Li J, Peng Y, Yadava P, Railkar A, Parrott N. In Vitro to in Vivo Extrapolation and Physiologically Based Modeling of Cytochrome P450 Mediated Metabolism in Beagle Dog Gut Wall and Liver. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:1388-99. [DOI: 10.1021/mp300692k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aki T. Heikkinen
- Faculty of Health Sciences,
School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, Non-Clinical Safety, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephen Fowler
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, Non-Clinical Safety, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lynn Gray
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, Non-Clinical Safety, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Nutley, New Jersey, United States
| | - Jia Li
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, Pharmaceutical and Analytical R&D, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Nutley, New Jersey, United States
| | - Ying Peng
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, Pharmaceutical and Analytical R&D, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Nutley, New Jersey, United States
| | - Preeti Yadava
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, Pharmaceutical and Analytical R&D, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Nutley, New Jersey, United States
| | - Aruna Railkar
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, Pharmaceutical and Analytical R&D, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Nutley, New Jersey, United States
| | - Neil Parrott
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, Non-Clinical Safety, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Basel, Switzerland
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Van der Heyden S, Croubels S, Gadeyne C, Ducatelle R, Daminet S, Murua Escobar H, Sterenczak K, Polis I, Schauvliege S, Hesta M, Chiers K. Influence of P-glycoprotein modulation on plasma concentrations and pharmacokinetics of orally administered prednisolone in dogs. Am J Vet Res 2012; 73:900-7. [PMID: 22620706 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.73.6.900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of modulation of the membrane-bound efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp) on plasma concentrations of orally administered prednisolone in dogs. ANIMALS 7 healthy adult Beagles. PROCEDURES Each dog received 3 treatments (control [no treatment], rifampicin [100 mg/d, PO, for 21 days, as an inducer of P-gp], and ketoconazole [100 mg/d, PO, for 21 days, as an inhibitor of P-gp]). A single dose of prednisolone (1 mg/kg, PO) was administered on day 8 of each treatment period. There was a 7-day washout period between subsequent treatments. Plasma concentrations of prednisolone were determined by use of a validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. Duodenum and colon biopsy specimens were obtained endoscopically from anesthetized dogs and assessed for P-gp protein labeling via immunohistochemical analysis and mRNA quantification via real-time PCR assay. Total fecal collection was performed for evaluation of effects of P-gp modulation on digestion of nutrients. RESULTS Rifampicin treatment upregulated duodenal P-gp in dogs and significantly reduced the area under the plasma concentration-time curve of prednisolone. Ketoconazole typically downregulated expression of duodenal P-gp, with a subsequent increase in the area under the plasma concentration-time curve of prednisolone. There was a noticeable interindividual difference in response. Digestion of nutrients was not affected. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Modulation of P-gp expression influenced plasma concentrations of prednisolone after oral administration in dogs. Thus, treatment response to prednisolone may be influenced by coadministration of P-gp-modulating medications or feed ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Van der Heyden
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
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Grabowski T, Jaroszewski JJ, Gad SC, Feder M. Correlation between in silico physicochemical characteristics of drugs and their mean residence time in human and dog. Int J Toxicol 2012; 31:25-33. [PMID: 22215410 DOI: 10.1177/1091581811429865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The correlation between 52 physicochemical parameters and mean residence time (MRT) for 27 drugs used in human and dog were investigated. The physicochemical parameter values calculated provided a basis for deriving a series of arithmetic expressions, which were used to build a mathematical model describing the relationship between them and the MRT values. From the entire set of analyzed parameters, a subset of 14 was identified that contributed to the derivation of an arithmetic expression: Log(PSA - WPSA + ACID) x [XlogP - (LogKp - EAxLn(Caco2 + AMINE + SAF))] + (AMIDE + IP - FG) - Ln(MW + PISA) the value of which is highly correlated with the MRT value in dogs (P < .001) and allowed prediction of the MRT predicted (MRT(pred)). In humans, no correlation was found that allowed the calculation of MRT(pred). These results indicate that predicting the pharmacokinetics of any specific drug for humans based on pharmacokinetic data obtained in the dog should be undertaken with knowledge of the inherent limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Grabowski
- Centre of Pharmacokinetics Research FILAB, Ravimed, Polna 54, 05-119 Łajski, Poland.
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Iragüen D, Urcelay S, San Martín B. Pharmacovigilance in veterinary medicine in Chile: a pilot study. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2011; 34:108-15. [PMID: 21395600 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2010.01201.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Iragüen, D., Urcelay, S., San Martín, B. Pharmacovigilance in veterinary medicine in Chile: a pilot study. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap.34, 108-115. In Chile, there is no present government policy to survey and analyse adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in the field of veterinary medicine. The intent of this study is to assess, for the first time, ADR frequency in treated animals. To this purpose, a 6-month period pilot study based on WHO recommendations was conducted to monitor ADRs in cats and dogs for frequently used drugs and common labelled signs. Of a total of 149 detected ADRs, 29 (6 in cats and 23 in dogs) were notified by means of ADR report forms, while the rest was identified after reviewing patient clinical records, thus evidencing strong under-reporting problems. More than 70% of ADRs were related to antimicrobials, vaccines and tranquilizers. In dogs, there was a significant effect on ADRs' presentation when acepromazine, amoxicillin, carprofen, ivermectin, sextuple vaccine (polyvalent vaccine that confers immunity against canine distemper virus, canine parvovirus, Leptospira canicola, L. icterohemmoragiae, canine adenovirus type 2 and canine parainfluenza virus) and phytomenadione (subcutaneous injection) were administered. In the case of cats, a significant influence on ADRs was detected when acepromazine, amoxicillin or vitamin K was administered. Present results suggest the need for a pharmacovigilance programme in veterinary medicine for timely ADR-presenting drug detection and drug safety improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Iragüen
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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KuKANICH B, HUBIN M. The pharmacokinetics of ketoconazole and its effects on the pharmacokinetics of midazolam and fentanyl in dogs. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2010; 33:42-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2009.01105.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mills BM, Zaya MJ, Walters RR, Feenstra KL, White JA, Gagne J, Locuson CW. Current Cytochrome P450 Phenotyping Methods Applied to Metabolic Drug-Drug Interaction Prediction in Dogs. Drug Metab Dispos 2009; 38:396-404. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.109.030429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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SHAH SS, SASAKI K, HAYASHI Y, MOTOYAMA S, HELMI AR, KHALIL WF, SHIMODA M. Inhibitory Effects of Ketoconazole, Cimetidine and Erythromycin on Hepatic CYP3A Activities in Cats. J Vet Med Sci 2009; 71:1151-9. [DOI: 10.1292/jvms.71.1151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Syed Sher SHAH
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Kazuaki SASAKI
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Yuhei HAYASHI
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Seiko MOTOYAMA
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Abdou Rania HELMI
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Waleed Fathy KHALIL
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Minoru SHIMODA
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
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Alvinerie M, Dupuy J, Kiki-Mvouaka S, Sutra JF, Lespine A. Ketoconazole increases the plasma levels of ivermectin in sheep. Vet Parasitol 2008; 157:117-22. [PMID: 18657366 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2008] [Revised: 06/12/2008] [Accepted: 06/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The parasiticide ivermectin and the antifungal drug ketoconazole are drugs that interact with P-glycoprotein. We have tested the ability of ketoconazole at a clinical dose to modify the pharmacokinetics of ivermectin in sheep. Lacaune lambs were administered with a single oral dose of ivermectin alone at 0.2 mg/kg (n=5) or in combination with a daily oral dose of ketoconazole (10 mg/kg) given for 3 days before and 2 days after the ivermectin (n=5). The plasma kinetics of ivermectin and its metabolite were followed over 15 days by HPLC analysis. Co-administration of ketoconazole induced higher plasma concentrations of ivermectin, leading to a substantial increase in the overall exposure of the animals to the drug. Ketoconazole did not reduce the production of the main ivermectin metabolite but it may rather act by inhibiting P-glycoprotein, and thus increasing the absorption of ivermectin. The use of a P-gp reversing agent such as ketoconazole could be useful tool to optimize antiparasitic therapy in the face of the worldwide development of anthelmintic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Alvinerie
- INRA-Toulouse, UR66 Laboratoire de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, 180 chemin de Tournefeuille, BP 3, F-31931 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
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Regmi NL, Abd El-Aty AM, Kubota R, Shah SS, Shimoda M. Lack of inhibitory effects of several fluoroquinolones on cytochrome P-450 3A activities at clinical dosage in dogs. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2007; 30:37-42. [PMID: 17217399 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2007.00810.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitory effects of several fluoroquinolones (FQs) on liver CYP3A activities were examined by in vitro and in vivo tests in dogs. Midazolam (MDZ) hydroxylation rate was used to determine the CYP3A activities in liver microsomes. Enrofloxacin (EFX), ofloxacin (OFX) orbifloxacin (OBFX) and ciprofloxacin (CFX) were tested. None of the FQs changed Vmax, Km or intrinsic clearance (Vmax/Km) of MDZ. For in vivo test, we examined the effects of oral administration of EFX and OFX on the pharmacokinetics of quinidine (QN), a CYP3A substrate. EFX or OFX (10 mg/kg) was administered once a day for 3 days. QN (2 mg/kg) was intravenously injected at 2 h after the final dose of FQs administration. The same dose of QN was intravenously injected 3 weeks before the start of FQs administration for control. Neither EFX nor OFX changed the pharmacokinetic parameters of QN. These in vitro and in vivo consisted results suggest that these FQs lack the inhibitory effects on CYP3A activities in dogs. Hence, given these results, the risk of drug-drug interaction is unlikely to occur between FQs and CYP3A substrates in clinical situation in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- N L Regmi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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Zhang K, Kohno S, Kuroha M, Kokue E, Shimoda M. Clinical Oral Doses of Dexamethasone Decreases Intrinsic Clearance of Quinidine, A Cytochrome P450 3A Substrate in Dogs. J Vet Med Sci 2006; 68:903-7. [PMID: 17019057 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.68.903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of dexamethasone (DEX) at clinical doses on the pharmacokinetics of quinidine (QN) in dogs. Dogs (5 healthy 1-year-old male beagles) were orally administered DEX once daily for 5 days at 2.5 or 7.5 mg/day. QN (2 mg/kg) was intravenously injected 3 weeks before and one day after the DEX treatment. The plasma concentration of QN was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorometric detection. Plasma concentrations of albumin and alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein (AGP) were determined by a bromocresol green method and a single immunodiffusion method, respectively. In order to calculate unbound concentrations of QN in plasma, the binding kinetics of QN in plasma was examined by an ultrafiltration method using pooled plasma from the 5 dogs when they were drug-free. Total body clearance of QN was decreased dose-dependently By the DEX treatment, although the decrease was not statistically significant. Elimination half-lives significantly increased (more than twice at 7.5 mg), and intrinsic clearance significantly decreased (about 50%). The volume of distribution increased significantly (about two-fold). Plasma levels of AGP significantly decreased, and the unbound fraction of QN in plasma significantly increased. Our results demonstrate that clinical doses of DEX significantly affect the pharmacokinetics of QN, a CYP3A substrate in dogs, by decreasing CYP3A activity and plasma AGP levels. There is a possibility that adverse drug-drug interaction occurs during DEX therapy through its effects on CYP3A activity and plasma AGP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
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