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Reitschmiedová E, Dvorščík P, Mudrák O, Šimáňová D, Frouz J. Differences in colonization strategies of three common pioneer woody species in post mining heaps. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 319:115668. [PMID: 35842991 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Willow (Salix caprea), birch (Betula pendula) and aspen (Populus tremula) are common pioneer woody species, however little is known about colonization strategies in large-scale disturbances. Here we have compared the strategies of establishment of these pioneer woody species in unreclaimed sites on a large (1957 ha) spoil heap in Czechia. For all species, seedlings numbers peaked in the 17 year old (successional age - time since overburden heaping) plot, suggesting that initial soil development promotes seedling establishment while covering of the surface by litter and organic layers reduces the establishment of pioneer species. The proportion of willow decreased from the edge of the heap and analysis of the age structure suggests that willow establishment was correlated with the presence of older willows in the vicinity of willows of certain ages (13 and 23 years being particularly important). The proportion of birch increased with its distance from the heap edge, and it is correlated with suitable weather conditions in the year of establishment, mainly July rainfall. Aspen proportion does not change significantly with its distance from the heap edge and year of establishment. It correlates with the number of trees in both surrounding and climatic conditions. Detailed analysis of young trees shows that vegetative propagation by root suckers (offspring) is rare in birch. In willow they represent about half of the trees while in aspen all of the young trees were root suckers derived from older aspen trees. This indicates a different colonization strategy of individual species. Birch is capable of long-distance seed transfer, which establishes most of the population, and its establishment is highly influenced by climatic conditions. Willow spreads massively over a short distance, and its establishment is highly influenced by the presence of 21-23 year old willow individuals in the vicinity. Only few scattered trees are able to establish at longer distances, where they can later spread locally by seeds. Aspen spreads over a long distance in low numbers but when some trees are established it spreads massively locally by clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Reitschmiedová
- Charles University, Institute for Environmental Studies, Fac. Sci. Benátská 2, Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Dvorščík
- Charles University, Institute for Environmental Studies, Fac. Sci. Benátská 2, Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Mudrák
- Institute of Botany, Dukelská 135, 379 01, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Doubrava Šimáňová
- Charles University, Institute for Environmental Studies, Fac. Sci. Benátská 2, Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Frouz
- Charles University, Institute for Environmental Studies, Fac. Sci. Benátská 2, Praha 2, Czech Republic; Biology Centre, Na Sádkách 7, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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Komárková M, Chromý J, Pokorná E, Soudek P, Máchová P. Physiological and Transcriptomic Response of Grey Poplar ( Populus ×canescens Aiton Sm.) to Cadmium Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E1485. [PMID: 33158073 PMCID: PMC7694188 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Populus ×canescens (Aiton) Sm. is a fast-growing woody plant belonging to the family Salicaceae. Two poplar genotypes characterized by unique phenotypic traits (TP11 and TP20) were chosen to be characterized and tested for a physiological and transcriptomic response to Cd stress. (2) Methods: A comparative analysis of the effects of exposure to high cadmium (Cd) concentrations (10 µM and 100 µM) of TP11 and TP20 was performed. (3) Results: Neither of the tested Cd concentration negatively affected plant growth; however, the chlorophyll content significantly decreased. The potassium (K) content was higher in the shoots than in the roots. The magnesium concentrations were only slightly affected by Cd treatment. The zinc content in the shoots of TP20 was lower than that in the shoots of TP11. Cd accumulation was higher in the roots than in the shoots. After 10 days of exposure, 10 µM Cd resulted in comparable amounts of Cd in the roots and shoots of TP20. The most significant change in transcript amount was observed in endochitinase 2, 12-oxophytodienoate reductase 1 and phi classglutathione S-transferase. (4) Conclusions: Our study provided new insights for effective assessing the ability of different poplar genotypes to tolerate Cd stress and underlying Cd tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Komárková
- Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady, 25202 Jiloviste, Czech Republic; (J.C.); (E.P.); (P.M.)
| | - Jakub Chromý
- Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady, 25202 Jiloviste, Czech Republic; (J.C.); (E.P.); (P.M.)
| | - Eva Pokorná
- Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady, 25202 Jiloviste, Czech Republic; (J.C.); (E.P.); (P.M.)
| | - Petr Soudek
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany, 16502 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Pavlína Máchová
- Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady, 25202 Jiloviste, Czech Republic; (J.C.); (E.P.); (P.M.)
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Carvalho MEA, Piotto FA, Nogueira ML, Gomes-Junior FG, Chamma HMCP, Pizzaia D, Azevedo RA. Cadmium exposure triggers genotype-dependent changes in seed vigor and germination of tomato offspring. PROTOPLASMA 2018; 255:989-999. [PMID: 29354852 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-018-1210-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Although negative effects on the offspring fitness can be triggered by the mother-plant exposure to environmental stresses, some plants are able to "remember" past incidents and enhance the progeny tolerance. Here, the mineral profile, cytogenetic modifications, and physiological potential of seeds from two tomato cultivars, with contrasting tolerance degrees to cadmium (Cd) toxicity, were evaluated after plant exposure to this metal. Both cultivars exhibited high Cd translocation to the seeds; however, the tolerant tomato accumulated more Cd than did the sensitive one. As a consequence of the Cd accumulation, reductions in the Mn concentration in Cd-challenged plants were detected. Surprisingly, seed germination and vigor were increased in the tolerant tomato cultivar after Cd exposure, despite increases in the chromosomal abnormalities. By contrast, seeds from the sensitive cultivar exhibited no changes in their physiological potential after Cd exposure, despite Cd-induced reductions in the mitotic index. Moreover, bunch position exerted effects on the vigor and type of chromosomal abnormality. The results show that maternal plant exposure to Cd can affect tomato offspring by changing the seed physiological potential, and such effect can be partially explained by alterations in the seed-derived elements (essential and non-essential) and genotype-dependent tolerance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Eugenia Amaral Carvalho
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo (Esalq/USP), Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Fernando Angelo Piotto
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo (Esalq/USP), Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Marina Lima Nogueira
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo (Esalq/USP), Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Francisco Guilhien Gomes-Junior
- Departamento de Produção Vegetal, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo (Esalq/USP), Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Helena Maria Carmignani Pescarin Chamma
- Departamento de Produção Vegetal, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo (Esalq/USP), Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Daniel Pizzaia
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo (Esalq/USP), Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Antunes Azevedo
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo (Esalq/USP), Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil.
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Kang W, Bao J, Zheng J, Xu F, Wang L. Phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil potential by woody plants on Tonglushan ancient copper spoil heap in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2018; 20:1-7. [PMID: 27014830 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2014.950412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Fast-growing metal-accumulating woody plants are considered potential candidates for phytoremediation of metals. Tonglushan mining, one of the biggest Cu production bases in China, presents an important source of the pollution of environment. The sample was collected at Tonglushan ancient copper spoil heap. The aims were to measure the content of heavy metal in the soil and woody plants and to elucidate the phytoremediation potential of the plants. The result showed that soil Cu, Cd and Pb were the main contamination, the mean contents of which were 3166.73 mg/kg, 3.66 mg/kg and 137.06 mg/kg respectively, which belonged to severe contamination. Fourteen species from 14 genera of 13 families were collected and investigated; except for Ligutrum lucidum, the other 13 woody plants species were newly recorded in this area. In addition, to assess the ability of metal accumulation of these trees, we proposed accumulation index. Data suggested that Platanus × acerilolia, Broussonetia papyrifera, Ligutrum lucidum, Viburnum awabuki, Firmiana simplex, Robina pseudoacacia, Melia azedarach and Osmanthus fragrans exhibited high accumulated capacity and strong tolerance to heavy metals. Therefore, Platanus × acerilolia and Broussonetia papyrifera can be planted in Pb contaminated areas; Viburnum awabuki, Firmiana simplex, Robina pseudoacacia and Melia azedarach are the suitable trees for Cd contaminated areas; Viburnum awabuki, Melia azedarach, Ligutrum lucidum, Firmiana simplex, Osmanthus fragrans and Robina pseudoacacia are appropriate to Cu, Pb and Cd multi-metal contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Kang
- a State key laboratory of biogeology and environmental geology , China University of Geosciences , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
- b Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Mining Area Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation , Hubei Polytechnic University , Huangshi , People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Bao
- a State key laboratory of biogeology and environmental geology , China University of Geosciences , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Zheng
- b Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Mining Area Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation , Hubei Polytechnic University , Huangshi , People's Republic of China
| | - Fen Xu
- a State key laboratory of biogeology and environmental geology , China University of Geosciences , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
| | - Liuming Wang
- a State key laboratory of biogeology and environmental geology , China University of Geosciences , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
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Yu-qing Z, Meng-jie Z, Deng Z, Jun-jie Z, Jing-jian L, Xiao-yang C. In Vitro Plant Regeneration of Zenia Insignis Chun. Open Life Sci 2018; 13:34-41. [PMID: 33817065 PMCID: PMC7874715 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2018-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Zenia insignis Chun is a large, fast-growing deciduous tree. In this study, we successfully developed a reliable and efficient protocol for the regeneration of fertile plants via callus induction from leaf segments of young Z. insignis seedlings. The best results were obtained with a medium containing 11.00 μM 6-benzyladenine (6-BA), 1.20 μM indole-3-butytric acid (IBA), and 0.45 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), which yielded morphogenic callus within 2 weeks at a frequency of 62.23%. We tested the effect of IBA alone and in combination with 6-BA on the bud differentiation response of Z. insignis callus. Shoots differentiated normally when cultured on differentiation medium containing 6.00 μM 6-BA and 1.20 μM IBA. Regenerated buds elongated successfully in medium containing 1.20 μM gibberellic acid (GA3). The elongated shoots were then transferred to Murashige and Skoog basal medium supplemented with various combinations of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) for root induction; well-developed roots were achieved on MS basal medium supplemented with 0.01 μM NAA at a rooting rate of 89.23%. Rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatised to a greenhouse at a survival rate exceeding 90.00%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Yu-qing
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangzhou510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou510642, China
- Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, Guangzhou510642, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou510642, China
- College of Life Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou510642, China
| | - Zhang Meng-jie
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangzhou510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou510642, China
- Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, Guangzhou510642, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou510642, China
- College of Life Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou510642, China
| | - Zhang Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangzhou510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou510642, China
- Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, Guangzhou510642, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou510642, China
- College of Life Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou510642, China
| | - Zhang Jun-jie
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangzhou510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou510642, China
- Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, Guangzhou510642, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou510642, China
- College of Life Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou510642, China
| | - Li Jing-jian
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangzhou510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou510642, China
- Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, Guangzhou510642, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou510642, China
- College of Life Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou510642, China
| | - Chen Xiao-yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangzhou510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou510642, China
- Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, Guangzhou510642, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou510642, China
- College of Life Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou510642, China
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Alahabadi A, Ehrampoush MH, Miri M, Ebrahimi Aval H, Yousefzadeh S, Ghaffari HR, Ahmadi E, Talebi P, Abaszadeh Fathabadi Z, Babai F, Nikoonahad A, Sharafi K, Hosseini-Bandegharaei A. A comparative study on capability of different tree species in accumulating heavy metals from soil and ambient air. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 172:459-467. [PMID: 28104557 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) in the urban environment can be bio-accumulated by plant tissues. The aim of this study was to compare fourteen different tree species in terms of their capability to accumulate four airborne and soilborne HMs including; zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd). Samplings were performed during spring, summer, and fall seasons. To compare bioaccumulation ability, bio-concentration factor (BCF), comprehensive bio-concentration index (CBCI), and metal accumulation index (MAI) were applied. Species with the highest accumulation for single metal which shown using BCF did not have the highest CBCI and MAI. Based on CBCI and MAI, Pinus eldarica (7.74), Wistaria sinensis (8.82), Morus alba (8.7), and Nigral morus (27.15) had the highest bioaccumulation capacity of HMs, respectively. Therefore, these species can be used for phytoextraction of HMs pollution and green and buffer zone in the urban.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Alahabadi
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Ehrampoush
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Miri
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran; Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Hamideh Ebrahimi Aval
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Samira Yousefzadeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Aradan School of Public Health and Paramedical, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Ghaffari
- Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ahmadi
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Talebi
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Zeynab Abaszadeh Fathabadi
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Babai
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ali Nikoonahad
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Kiomars Sharafi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Hosseini-Bandegharaei
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran; Department of Engineering, Kashmar Branch, Islamic Azad University, PO Box 161, Kashmar, Iran
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Shi X, Sun H, Chen Y, Pan H, Wang S. Transcriptome Sequencing and Expression Analysis of Cadmium (Cd) Transport and Detoxification Related Genes in Cd-Accumulating Salix integra. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1577. [PMID: 27840630 PMCID: PMC5083712 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Salix integra is a shrub willow native to northeastern China, Japan, Korea, and Primorsky Krai in the far southeast of Russia, and has been identified as cadmium (Cd)-accumulating trees in recent years. Although many physiological studies have been conducted with these plants, little is known about the molecular basis underlying Cd response in this plant, and this is confirmed by the very few number of gene sequences (only 39 nucleotide sequences) available in public databases. Advances in genomics for Salix are promising for future improvement in identification of new candidate genes involved in metal tolerance and accumulation. Thus, high-throughput transcriptome sequencing is essential for generating enormous transcript sequences from S. integra, especially for the purpose of Cd toxicity-responsive genes discovery. Using Illumina paired-end sequencing, approximately 60.05 million high-quality reads were obtained. De novo assembly yielded 80,105 unigenes with an average length of 703 bp, A total of 50,221 (63%) unigenes were further functionally annotated by comparing their sequences to different proteins and functional domain databases. GO annotation reveals 1849 Cd responsive genes involving in Cd binding, transport, and detoxification and cellular Cd homeostasis, and these genes were highly enriched in plant response to Cd ion and Cd ion transport. By searching against the PlantCyc database, 509 unigenes were assigned to 14 PlantCyc pathways related to Cd transport and cellular detoxification, and many of them are genes encoding heavy metal ATPases (HMAs), nature resistance-associated with microphage proteins (NRAMPs), ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, etc., Comprehensive RT-qPCR analysis of these selected genes in different tissues of S. integra under the control and Cd treatment revealed metallothionein-like protein (MT2A and MT2B), Metal tolerance protein (MTP1), ABCB25, NRAMP5, and ZIP1 may be involved in the Cd transport and detoxification in leaves, while NRAMP2, ZIP8, and NRAMP5 may be related to Cd transport in roots. Our study will enrich the sequence information of S. integra in public database, and would provide some new understanding of the molecular mechanisms of heavy metal tolerance and detoxification in willows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Shi
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryHangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou, China
| | - Haijing Sun
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryHangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou, China
| | - Yitai Chen
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryHangzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Pan
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryHangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou, China
| | - Shufeng Wang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryHangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou, China
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Macci C, Peruzzi E, Doni S, Poggio G, Masciandaro G. The phytoremediation of an organic and inorganic polluted soil: A real scale experience. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2016; 18:378-386. [PMID: 26555402 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2015.1109595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A phytoremediation process with horse manure, plants (Populus alba, Cytisus scoparius, Paulownia tomentosa) and naturally growing vegetation was carried out at a real-scale in order to phytoremediate and functionally recover a soil contaminated by metals (Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cu, Cr), hydrocarbons (TPH) and polychlorobiphenyls (PCB). All the plants were effective in two years in the reclamation of the polluted soil, showing an average reduction of about 35%, 40%, and 70% in metals, TPH and PCB content, respectively. As regards the plants, the poplar contributed the most to organic removal. In fact, its ability to take up and detoxify organic pollutants is well known. Paulownia tomentosa, instead, showed high metal removal. The Cytisus scoparius was the least effective plant in soil decontamination. The recovery of soil functionality was followed by enzyme activities, expressing the biochemical processes underway, and nutrient content useful for plant growth and development. Throughout the area, an enhancement of metabolic processes and soil chemical quality was observed. All the enzymatic activities showed a general increase over time (until 3-4 fold than the initial value for urease and β-glucosidase). Moreover, Cytisus scoparius, even though it showed a lower decontamination capability, was the most effective in soil metabolic stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Macci
- a Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) , Istituto per lo Studio degli Ecosistemi (ISE) , Pisa , Italy
| | - E Peruzzi
- a Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) , Istituto per lo Studio degli Ecosistemi (ISE) , Pisa , Italy
| | - S Doni
- a Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) , Istituto per lo Studio degli Ecosistemi (ISE) , Pisa , Italy
| | - G Poggio
- a Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) , Istituto per lo Studio degli Ecosistemi (ISE) , Pisa , Italy
| | - G Masciandaro
- a Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) , Istituto per lo Studio degli Ecosistemi (ISE) , Pisa , Italy
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Zhao X, Zheng L, Xia X, Yin W, Lei J, Shi S, Shi X, Li H, Li Q, Wei Y, Chang E, Jiang Z, Liu J. Responses and acclimation of Chinese cork oak (Quercus variabilis Bl.) to metal stress: the inducible antimony tolerance in oak trees. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:11456-11466. [PMID: 25813633 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4304-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) pollution has become a pressing environmental problem in recent years. Trees have been proven to have great potential for the feasible phytomanagement; however, little is known about Sb retention and tolerance in trees. The Chinese cork oak (Quercus variabilis Bl.) is known to be capable of growth in soils containing high concentrations of Sb. This study explored in detail the retention and acclimation of Q. variabilis under moderate and high external Sb levels. Results revealed that Q. variabilis could tolerate and accumulate high Sb (1623.39 mg kg(-1) DW) in roots. Dynamics of Sb retention in leaves, stems, and roots of Q. variabilis were different. Leaf Sb remained at a certain level for several weeks, while in roots and stems, Sb concentrations continued to increase. Sb damaged tree's PSII reaction cores but elicited defense mechanism at the donor side of PSII. It affected the electron transport flow after QA (-) more strongly than the oxygen-evolving complex and light-harvesting pigment-protein complex II. Sb also decreased leaf chlorophyll concentrations and therefore inhibited plant growth. During acclimation to Sb toxicity, Sb concentrations in leaves, stems, and roots decreased, with photosynthetic activity and pigments recovering to normal levels by the end of the experiment. These findings suggest that Sb tolerance in Q. variabilis is inducible. Acclimation seems to be related to homeostasis of Sb in plants. Results of this study can provide useful information for trees breeding and selection of Sb phytomanagement strategies, exploiting the established ability of Q. variabilis to transport, delocalize in the leaves, and tolerate Sb pollutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Increased genetic diversity in the populations of Echium vulgare L. colonising Zn–Pb waste heaps. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Zhao X, Liu J, Xia X, Chu J, Wei Y, Shi S, Chang E, Yin W, Jiang Z. The evaluation of heavy metal accumulation and application of a comprehensive bio-concentration index for woody species on contaminated sites in Hunan, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:5076-5085. [PMID: 24374615 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2393-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Fast-growing metal-accumulating woody plants are considered potential candidates for phytoextraction of metals. Shuikoushan mining, one of the biggest Pb and Zn production bases in China, presents an important source of the pollution of environment during the last 100 years. Over 150 km(2) of fertile soil have been contaminated by the dust, slag, and tailings from this mining. The goal of the present work has been to determine the content of Pb, Zn, Cd, and Cu in wild woody plants (18 species) naturally growing in this area. Two hundred five plant and soil samples from 11 contaminated sites were collected and analyzed. In addition, to assess the ability of multi-metal accumulation of these trees, we proposed a predictive comprehensive bio-concentration index (CBCI) based on fuzzy synthetic assessment. Our data suggest some adult trees could also accumulate a large amount of metals. Pb concentrations in leaves of Paulownia fortunei (Seem.) Hemsl. (1,179 mg/kg) exceeded the hyperaccumulation threshold (1,000 mg/kg). Elevated Pb concentrations (973.38 mg/kg) were also found in the leaves of Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent., with a Pb bio-concentration factor of up to 0.701. Endemic species, Zenia insignis Chun exhibited huge potential for Zn and Cd phytoextraction, with the highest concentrations of Zn (1,968 mg/kg) and Cd (44.40 mg/kg), characteristic root nodules, and fast growth rates in poor soils. As for multi-metal accumulation ability, native species B. papyrifera was calculated to have the most exceptional ability to accumulate various metals simultaneously (CBCI 2.93), followed by Amorpha fruticosa L. (CBCI 2.72) and Lagerstroemia indica L. (CBCI 2.53). A trend of increasing metal from trunks to leaves (trunks < branches < leaves) and towards fine roots has been shown by metal partitioning between tissues. The proposed CBCI would allow for the selection of suitable trees for phytoremediation in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China
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12
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Konlechner C, Türktaş M, Langer I, Vaculík M, Wenzel WW, Puschenreiter M, Hauser MT. Expression of zinc and cadmium responsive genes in leaves of willow (Salix caprea L.) genotypes with different accumulation characteristics. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2013; 178:121-7. [PMID: 23562959 PMCID: PMC3675671 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Salix caprea is well suited for phytoextraction strategies. In a previous survey we showed that genetically distinct S. caprea plants isolated from metal-polluted and unpolluted sites differed in their zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) tolerance and accumulation abilities. To determine the molecular basis of this difference we examined putative homologues of genes involved in heavy metal responses and identified over 200 new candidates with a suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) screen. Quantitative expression analyses of 20 genes in leaves revealed that some metallothioneins and cell wall modifying genes were induced irrespective of the genotype's origin and metal uptake capacity while a cysteine biosynthesis gene was expressed constitutively higher in the metallicolous genotype. The third and largest group of genes was only induced in the metallicolous genotype. These data demonstrate that naturally adapted woody non-model species can help to discover potential novel molecular mechanisms for metal accumulation and tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Konlechner
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, BOKU – University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mine Türktaş
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, BOKU – University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingrid Langer
- Department of Forest & Soil Sciences, BOKU – University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Straße 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Marek Vaculík
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska dolina B2, SK-842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Walter W. Wenzel
- Department of Forest & Soil Sciences, BOKU – University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Straße 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Markus Puschenreiter
- Department of Forest & Soil Sciences, BOKU – University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Straße 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Marie-Theres Hauser
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, BOKU – University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
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Microsatellite Markers of Willow Species and Characterization of 11 Polymorphic Microsatellites for Salix eriocephala (Salicaceae), a Potential Native Species for Biomass Production in Canada. PLANTS 2013; 2:203-10. [PMID: 27137372 PMCID: PMC4844361 DOI: 10.3390/plants2020203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Biomass produced from dedicated plantations constitutes a source of renewable energy and is expected to play an important role in several countries in the coming decades. The cultivation of woody crops such as willows therefore raises several environmental issues. In North America, several native willows are potentially interesting for biomass producers. Willow trees are diverse but few species used for environmental applications have been the object of molecular genetic studies. Based on the sequenced poplar genome, 24 microsatellite markers were assayed on five native North American willow species: Salix amygdaloides, S. discolor, S. eriocephala, S. interior and S. nigra. Polymorphic microsatellite markers were used to characterize the allele data on the shrub Salix eriocephala, a North American species with economic potential. Eleven markers amplified and confirmed the potential of this species. Analysis of samples from six populations in eastern Canada showed that all markers were variable as well as polymorphic in at least one population. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 1 to 9 (mean 2.95) and showed that these microsatellite markers can be used to assess genetic diversity of North American willow species.
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Vaculík M, Konlechner C, Langer I, Adlassnig W, Puschenreiter M, Lux A, Hauser MT. Root anatomy and element distribution vary between two Salix caprea isolates with different Cd accumulation capacities. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2012; 163:117-26. [PMID: 22325439 PMCID: PMC3314946 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of the influence of toxic elements on root anatomy and element distribution is still limited. This study describes anatomical responses, metal accumulation and element distribution of rooted cuttings of Salix caprea after exposure to Cd and/or Zn. Differences in the development of apoplastic barriers and tissue organization in roots between two distinct S. caprea isolates with divergent Cd uptake and accumulation capacities in leaves might reflect an adaptive predisposition based on different natural origins. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) revealed that Cd and Zn interfered with the distribution of elements in a tissue- and isolate-specific manner. Zinc, Ca, Mg, Na and Si were enriched in the peripheral bark, K and S in the phloem and Cd in both vascular tissues. Si levels were lower in the superior Cd translocator. Since the cuttings originated from stocks isolated from polluted and unpolluted sites we probably uncovered different strategies against toxic elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Vaculík
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, BOKU – University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska dolina B2, SK-842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Cornelia Konlechner
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, BOKU – University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingrid Langer
- Department of Forest & Soil Sciences, BOKU – University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Peter Jordan Strasse 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfram Adlassnig
- Cell Imaging and Ultrastructure Research, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Puschenreiter
- Department of Forest & Soil Sciences, BOKU – University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Peter Jordan Strasse 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Lux
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska dolina B2, SK-842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marie-Theres Hauser
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, BOKU – University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
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Di Baccio D, Galla G, Bracci T, Andreucci A, Barcaccia G, Tognetti R, Sebastiani L. Transcriptome analyses of Populus x euramericana clone I-214 leaves exposed to excess zinc. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2011; 31:1293-308. [PMID: 22038866 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpr106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is an essential element for plant growth and development, but at high levels this metal can become toxic. Hyperaccumulator species are often not suitable for phytoremediation technologies because they need to be fast growing and have high biomass production, such as those of the Populus genus. Comparative genomics studies of poplars subjected to stress conditions such as heavy metal contamination have generated resources useful for improving the annotation of genes and have provided novel insights in the defense/tolerance mechanisms governing adaptation in non-hyperaccumulator plants. Using a microarray-based comparative analysis, we identified functional gene sets that are differentially regulated in the leaves of Populus × euramericana clone I-214 subjected to an excess but sub-lethal dose of Zn (1 mM). Eco-physiological and chemical analyses confirmed the results obtained in previous similar experiments. A total of 3861 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were differentially expressed and grouped into two distinct libraries of up-regulated (40%) and down-regulated (60%) putative genes. The annotation of genes and gene products according to the Gene Ontology vocabularies was performed using Blast2GO software. The two transcriptome data sets were used to query all known Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) biosynthetic pathways of the genes identified in this study. The most represented molecular functions and biological processes were nucleotide binding and transcription, transport and response to stress and abiotic and biotic stimuli. The chloroplast, mitochondrion and their membrane systems were the cellular components most affected by excess Zn, as well as the photosynthetic, defense, sulfur and glutathione (GSH) metabolic pathways. The most up-regulated genes encoded electron carriers associated with ferrodoxin, the small subunit of ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase, and enzymes involved in GSH metabolism. This study is the most in-depth transcriptome and gene-annotation analysis of a hybrid poplar to date. The results are presented and critically discussed in terms of poplar response/tolerance to Zn stress for the characterization of non-hyperaccumulator phenotypes and the identification of candidate genes in perennial plants. These genetic findings provide useful information on tree species' adaptation to metal stress and provide powerful tools for the selection and/or genetic manipulation of stress-tolerant poplar clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Di Baccio
- BioLabs, Life Sciences Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
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De Maria S, Rivelli AR, Kuffner M, Sessitsch A, Wenzel WW, Gorfer M, Strauss J, Puschenreiter M. Interactions between accumulation of trace elements and macronutrients in Salix caprea after inoculation with rhizosphere microorganisms. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 84:1256-61. [PMID: 21612812 PMCID: PMC4339041 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Revised: 05/02/2011] [Accepted: 05/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Although the beneficial effects on growth and trace element accumulation in Salix spp. inoculated with microbes are well known, little information is available on the interactions among trace elements and macronutrients. The main purpose of this study was to assess the effect of phytoaugmentation with the rhizobacteria Agromyces sp., Streptomyces sp., and the combination of each of them with the fungus Cadophora finlandica on biomass production and the accumulation of selected trace elements (Zn, Cd, Fe) and macronutrients (Ca, K, P and Mg) in Salix caprea grown on a moderately polluted soil. Dry matter production was significantly enhanced only upon inoculation with Agromyces sp. Regarding the phytoextraction of Cd and Zn, shoot concentrations were mostly increased after inoculation with Streptomyces sp. and Agromyces sp. + C. finlandica. These two treatments also showed higher translocation factors from roots to the leaves for both Cd and Zn. The accumulation of Cd and Zn in shoots was related to increased concentrations of K. This suggests that microorganisms that contribute to enhanced phytoextraction of Cd and Zn affect also the solubility and thus phytoavailability of K. This study suggests that the phytoextraction of Zn and Cd can be improved by inoculation with selected microbial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna De Maria
- University of Basilicata, Department of Crop Systems, Forestry and Environmental Sciences, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Rivelli
- University of Basilicata, Department of Crop Systems, Forestry and Environmental Sciences, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Melanie Kuffner
- AIT Austrian Insitute of Technology GmbH, Department of Bioresources, A-2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Angela Sessitsch
- AIT Austrian Insitute of Technology GmbH, Department of Bioresources, A-2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Walter W. Wenzel
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Peter Jordan Straße 82, A-1190 Wien
| | - Markus Gorfer
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Applied Genetics und Cell Biology, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Wien
| | - Joseph Strauss
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Applied Genetics und Cell Biology, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Wien
| | - Markus Puschenreiter
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Peter Jordan Straße 82, A-1190 Wien
- Corresponding author: tel: ++ 43 1 47654 3126,
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