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Xue M, Zhu L, Zhang J, Qiu J, Du G, Qiao Z, Jin G, Gao F, Zhang Q. Low dose nicotine attenuates Aβ neurotoxicity through activation early growth response gene 1 pathway. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120267. [PMID: 25815723 PMCID: PMC4376385 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies indicate that smoking is negatively correlated with the incidence and development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Nicotine was reported to be the active factor. However, the detailed mechanisms still remain to be fully elucidated. Early growth response gene 1 (EGR-1) plays important roles in several important biological processes such as promoting cell growth, differentiation, anti oxidative stress, and apoptosis, but few in the pathogenesis of AD. In the present study, we show that nicotine can activate the MAPK/ERK/EGR-1 signaling pathway partially through α7 nAChR. In addition, the up-regulation of EGR-1 by nicotine can also increase the phosphorylation of CyclinD1 which contributes to the attenuation of amyloid-β (Aβ(25-35)) -induced neurotoxicity. Although nicotine and Aβ(25-35) can activate EGR-1, the expression of EGR-1 is down-regulated following treatment with nicotine and Aβ(25-35). This study demonstrates that low dose nicotine attenuates Aβ(25-35)-induced neurotoxicity in vitro and in vivo through activating EGR-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoqiang Xue
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, P.R.China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, P.R.China
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, P.R.China
| | - Liuwei Zhu
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, P.R.China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, P.R.China
| | - Jinhua Qiu
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, P.R.China
| | - Guicheng Du
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, P.R.China
| | - Zhiliang Qiao
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, P.R.China
| | - Guanghui Jin
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, P.R.China
| | - Fengguang Gao
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, P.R.China
| | - Qiqing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, P.R.China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, P.R.China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material of Tianjin, Tianjin, 300192, P.R.China
- * E-mail:
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Brown KC, Lau JK, Dom AM, Witte TR, Luo H, Crabtree CM, Shah YH, Shiflett BS, Marcelo AJ, Proper NA, Hardman WE, Egleton RD, Chen YC, Mangiarua EI, Dasgupta P. MG624, an α7-nAChR antagonist, inhibits angiogenesis via the Egr-1/FGF2 pathway. Angiogenesis 2011; 15:99-114. [PMID: 22198237 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-011-9246-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) demonstrates a strong etiological association with smoking. Although cigarette smoke is a mixture of about 4,000 compounds, nicotine is the addictive component of cigarette smoke. Several convergent studies have shown that nicotine promotes angiogenesis in lung cancers via the α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR) on endothelial cells. Therefore, we conjectured that α7-nAChR antagonists may attenuate nicotine-induced angiogenesis and be useful for the treatment of human SCLC. For the first time, our study explores the anti-angiogenic activity of MG624, a small-molecule α7-nAChR antagonist, in several experimental models of angiogenesis. We observed that MG624 potently suppressed the proliferation of primary human microvascular endothelial cells of the lung (HMEC-Ls). Furthermore, MG624 displayed robust anti-angiogenic activity in the Matrigel, rat aortic ring and rat retinal explant assays. The anti-angiogenic activity of MG624 was assessed by two in vivo models, namely the chicken chorioallantoic membrane model and the nude mice model. In both of these experimental models, MG624 inhibited angiogenesis of human SCLC tumors. Most importantly, the administration of MG624 was not associated with any toxic side effects, lethargy or discomfort in the mice. The anti-angiogenic activity of MG624 was mediated via the suppression of nicotine-induced FGF2 levels in HMEC-Ls. MG624 decreased nicotine-induced early growth response gene 1 (Egr-1) levels in HMEC-Ls, and reduced the levels of Egr-1 on the FGF2 promoter. Consequently, this process decreased FGF2 levels and angiogenesis. Our findings suggest that the anti-angiogenic effects of MG624 could be useful in anti-angiogenic therapy of human SCLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen C Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Toxicology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1700 3rd Avenue, Huntington, WV 25755, USA
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Hammer TR, Fischer K, Mueller M, Hoefer D. Effects of cigarette smoke residues from textiles on fibroblasts, neurocytes and zebrafish embryos and nicotine permeation through human skin. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2011; 214:384-91. [PMID: 21664183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2011.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Revised: 04/05/2011] [Accepted: 04/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Toxic substances from cigarette smoke can attach to carpets, curtains, clothes or other surfaces and thus may pose risks to affected persons. The phenomenon itself and the potential hazards are discussed controversially, but scientific data are rare. The objective of this study was to examine the potential of textile-bound nicotine for permeation through human skin and to assess the effects of cigarette smoke extracts from clothes on fibroblasts, neurocytes and zebrafish embryos. Tritiated nicotine from contaminated cotton textiles penetrated through adult human full-thickness skin as well as through a 3D in vitro skin model in diffusion chambers. We also observed a significant concentration-dependent cytotoxicity of textile smoke extracts on fibroblast viability and structure as well as on neurocytes. Early larval tests with zebrafish embryos were used as a valid assay for testing acute vertebrate toxicity. Zebrafish development was delayed and most of the embryos died when exposed to smoke extracts from textiles. Our data show that textiles contaminated with cigarette smoke represent a potential source of nicotine uptake and can provoke adverse health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo R Hammer
- Hohenstein Institutes, Institute for Hygiene and Biotechnology, Schloss Hohenstein, 74357 Boennigheim, Germany.
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