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Shah WA, Jan A, Khan MA, Saeed M, Rahman N, Afridi MS, Khuda F, Akbar R. Association between Aldosterone Synthase ( CYP11B2) Gene Polymorphism and Hypertension in Pashtun Ethnic Population of Khyber Pakhtunkwha, Pakistan. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1184. [PMID: 37372364 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies significantly increased the number of hypertension risk variants; however, most of them focused on European societies. There is lack of such studies in developing countries, including Pakistan. The lack of research studies and the high prevalence of hypertension in the Pakistani community prompted us to design this study. Aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) was thoroughly studied in different ethnic groups; however, no such study has been conducted in the Pashtun population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. In essential hypertension, the aldosterone synthase gene (CYP11B2) plays a significant role. Aldosterone synthesis is affected by both hereditary and environmental factors. Aldosterone synthase (encoded by the CYP11B2 gene) controls the conversion of deoxycorticosterone to aldosterone and, thus, has genetic influences. Polymorphisms in the CYP11B2 gene are linked to an increased risk of hypertension. Previous research on the polymorphism of the aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) gene and its relationship to hypertension produced inconclusive results. The present study investigates the relationship between CYP11B2 gene polymorphism and hypertension in Pakistan's Pashtun population. We used the nascent exome sequencing method to identify variants associated with hypertension. The research was divided into two phases. In phase one, DNA samples from 200 adult hypertension patients (of age ≥ 30 years) and 200 controls were pooled (n = 200/pool) and subjected to Exome Sequencing. In the second phase, the WES reported SNPs were genotyped using the Mass ARRAY technique to verify and confirm the association between WES-identified SNPs and hypertension. WES identified a total of eight genetic variants in the CYP11B2 gene. The chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to estimate the minor allele frequencies (MAFs) and chosen SNPs relationships with hypertension. The frequency of minor allele T was found to be higher in cases compared to the control (42% vs. 30%: p = 0.001) for rs1799998 of CYP11B2 gene, while no significant results (p > 0.05) were observed for the remaining SNPs; rs4536, rs4537, rs4545, rs4543, rs4539, rs4546 and rs6418 showed no positive association with HTN in the studied population (all p > 0.05). Our study findings suggest that rs1799998 increases susceptibly to HTN in the Pashtun population of KP, Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waheed Ali Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Asif Jan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
- District Headquarter Hospital (DHQH) Charsadda 24430, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Saeed
- Department of Pharmacy, Qurtaba University of Science and Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajjad Afridi
- Department of Pharmacy, Qurtaba University of Science and Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Fazli Khuda
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Rani Akbar
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
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Vamsi UM, Swapna N, Padma G, Vishnupriya S, Padma T. Haplotype association and synergistic effect of human aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) gene polymorphisms causing susceptibility to essential hypertension in Indian patients. Clin Exp Hypertens 2016; 38:659-665. [PMID: 27935319 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2016.1200595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) is a key enzyme involved in the terminal steps of aldosterone biosynthesis. Genetic variability in CYP11B2 gene has been associated with heterogeneous aldosterone production, which can affect sodium homeostasis and thereby regulation of blood pressure. Hence, the present study was aimed to explore the single-locus variations, haplotype and epistasis patterns of CYP11B2 (C-344T, intron-2 gene conversion and Lys173Arg) gene polymorphisms, and the risk contributed by them to the development of essential hypertension (EHT). METHODS A total of 279 hypertensive patients and 200 normotensive controls were enrolled in this study. C-344T and Lys173Arg polymorphisms of CYP11B2 gene were genotyped by PCR-RFLP method and intron-2 gene conversion (IC) polymorphism by allele-specific PCR analysis. RESULTS Single-locus analysis revealed significant association of CYP11B2 C-344T and Lys173Arg polymorphisms with EHT (p < 0.05). Considering the sexes, Lys173 allele was found to be at risk for hypertension in males (OR 1.40; 95% CI = 1.01-1.96). Unphased haplotype analysis revealed H1 (T-Conv-Lys; p = 0.0017) to have significant risk for EHT, while haplotype H4 (T-Wt-Arg) had a significant protective effect. Multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) interaction analysis found the overall best model with C-344T and IC polymorphisms exhibiting strong synergistic effect. CONCLUSION The present study revealed a strong synergistic effect of CYP11B2 C-344T and IC polymorphisms causing susceptibility to EHT and haplotype H1 (-344T-Conv-Lys173) as the risk-conferring factor for hypertension predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gunda Padma
- a Department of Genetics , Osmania University , Hyderabad , India
| | | | - Tirunilai Padma
- a Department of Genetics , Osmania University , Hyderabad , India
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Li X, Xie P, He J, Cai H, Yang R, Zhang Q, Li B, Qi W, Ma H. CYP11B2 gene polymorphism and essential hypertension among Tibetan, Dongxiang and Han populations from northwest of China. Clin Exp Hypertens 2016; 38:375-80. [PMID: 27149293 DOI: 10.3109/10641963.2015.1131287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Essential hypertension (EH) is a complex multifactorial condition influenced by both genetic and environmental factors; aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) is a key enzyme which involves in the terminal steps of aldosterone synthesis. The result of relationship between C-344T of CYP11B2 polymorphism and EH was controversial. This study was undertaken to investigate the association of C-344T polymorphism with EH in the populations of Tibetan, Dongxiang and Han from northwest of China. A total of 2115 participants aged 18-70 years were enrolled in this study. In total, 1776 blood samples, including 545 Tibetan (305 hypertensive and 240 normotensive), 530 Dongxiang (254 hypertensive and 276 normotensive) and 701 Han (338 hypertensive and 363 normotensive), were analyzed successfully by using Snapshot minisequencing method, 30 samples were also performed by direct sequencing (5 hypertensive and 5 normotensive in each population, respectively). The frequencies of genotype and allele of CYP11B2 (C-344T) were not significantly different between EH group and control group in every ethnic population (p > 0.05). However, in female population of Tibetan, the frequencies of CC and CT genotype and C allele in EH group were higher than in control (p < 0.05) group. The frequencies of CC genotype and C allele in both the normotensive controls and EH patients in Tibetan population were higher than in Dongxiang and Han populations. Our study suggests that there is lack of association between C-344T polymorphism of CYP11B2 gene and EH in Dongxiang and Han populations, whereas the polymorphism was correlated with EH in female population of Tibetan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghui Li
- a Department of Cardiology , Gansu Provincial Hospital , LanZhou , PR China
| | - Ping Xie
- a Department of Cardiology , Gansu Provincial Hospital , LanZhou , PR China
| | - Jin He
- a Department of Cardiology , Gansu Provincial Hospital , LanZhou , PR China
| | - Hui Cai
- a Department of Cardiology , Gansu Provincial Hospital , LanZhou , PR China
| | - Ruixuan Yang
- a Department of Cardiology , Gansu Provincial Hospital , LanZhou , PR China
| | - Qing Zhang
- b Department of Cardiology , West China Hospital of Sichuan University , Chengdu , PR China
| | - Baojuan Li
- c Department of Cardiology , Gannan District People's Hospital of Gansu Province , He Zuo , PR China
| | - Wenhua Qi
- c Department of Cardiology , Gannan District People's Hospital of Gansu Province , He Zuo , PR China
| | - Haizhong Ma
- a Department of Cardiology , Gansu Provincial Hospital , LanZhou , PR China
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Kim YR, Kim SH, Kang SH, Kim HJ, Kong MH, Hong SH. Association of the K173R variant and haplotypes in the aldosterone synthase gene with essential hypertension. Genes Genomics 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-014-0199-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kim YR, Kim SH, Kang SH, Kim HJ, Kong MH, Hong SH. Association of CYP11B2 polymorphisms with metabolic syndrome patients. Biomed Rep 2014; 2:749-754. [PMID: 25054022 DOI: 10.3892/br.2014.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aldosterone synthase is a key enzyme in aldosterone production. Polymorphisms of the aldosterone synthase gene, CYP11B2, have been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. In the light of these findings, we hypothesized that CYP11B2 genetic polymorphisms play a role in metabolic syndrome (MetS). Therefore, we investigated the associations of three CYP11B2 polymorphisms [-344T>C, K173R and intron 2 conversion (IC)] with Korean MetS patients. In total, 640 subjects comprising 320 cases and 320 control individuals) were included in the present study. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) techniques were used to assess CYP11B2 polymorphisms. The CYP11B2 -344T>C, K173R and IC polymorphisms did not exhibit a significant difference in the genotype and allele frequencies between the MetS and control groups. However, the -344T>C polymorphism in males and haplotypes comprising the three polymorphisms were associated with susceptibility to MetS. Thus, the pattern of haplotype associations was gender-specific. Based on these results, the -344T>C polymorphism in males and haplotypes of the CYP11B2 gene potentially affect MetS susceptibility. These findings remain to be confirmed in various ethnic populations with a larger sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ree Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hyung Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ha Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Kong
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho Hong
- Department of Science Education, Teachers College, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-781, Republic of Korea
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Li W, Liu C. The −344C/T polymorphism in the CYP11B2 gene is associated with essential hypertension in the Chinese. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2012. [PMID: 23204185 DOI: 10.1177/1470320312466928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Weixing Li
- Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, China
| | - Chibo Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, China
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Li Y, Zhou Y, Yang P, Niu JQ, Wu Y, Zhao DD, Wu SL. Interaction of ACE and CYP11B2 genes on blood pressure response to hydrochlorothiazide in Han Chinese hypertensive patients. Clin Exp Hypertens 2011; 33:141-6. [PMID: 21269061 DOI: 10.3109/10641963.2010.531838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
To valuate whether angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) gene -344T/C polymorphism are associated with individual response to hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) in the Han Chinese population with essential hypertension. We enrolled 829 mild/moderate hypertensive patients and 12.5 mg of HCTZ was given daily. After 6 weeks, the results showed that the ACE I/D polymorphism, not the CYP11B2 -344T/C polymorphism, was associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) response to HCTZ (P = 0.009) in the Han Chinese population with essential hypertension, with no interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, North China Coal Medical University, Tangshan, China
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Chen B, Nie S, Luo S, Zhang W, Xiao C. Association of the human CYP11B2 gene and essential hypertension in southwest Han Chinese population: a haplotype-based case-control study. Clin Exp Hypertens 2011; 33:106-12. [PMID: 21269059 DOI: 10.3109/10641963.2010.531835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Aldosterone synthase produces aldosterone, which regulates electrolytes and thereby blood pressure (BP). The aldosterone-synthase gene (CYP11B2) has been regarded as a candidate gene for essential hypertension. To address this issue, we carried out a haplotype-based, case-control study to explore the association between a human CYP11B2 gene and essential hypertension (EH) in the southwest Han population of China (n = 1020 individuals). Four tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs4536, rs4545, rs3097, and rs3802230) and the C-344T polymorphism, as well as the K173R polymorphism in the CYP11B2 gene, were genotyped using the PCR-RFLP method. Single-locus analysis showed that the C allele of rs3802230 was significantly more prevalent in the EH subjects as compared to control subjects, adjusted for covariates. Haplotype analysis showed that the haplotype AAGC constructed by the tag SNPs (rs4536, rs4545, rs3097, and rs3802230), which carried the susceptible rs3802230 C allele, significantly increased the risk of essential hypertension with an odds ratios equal to 3.56 (P = 0.0001). The present results indicated that the rs3802230 C allele might be a risk marker for essential hypertension and haplotype AAGC might confer high genetic susceptibility to essential hypertension in a southwest Han Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bifeng Chen
- Human Genetics Center of Yunnan University, PR China
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Chen B, Nie S, Yue Z, Shou W, Xiao C. Haplotype-based case-control study of the human CYP11B2 gene and essential hypertension in Yi and Hani minorities of China. Biochem Genet 2010; 49:122-37. [PMID: 21127960 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-010-9393-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2010] [Accepted: 07/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This haplotype-based case-control study investigated whether the aldosterone synthase gene (CYP11B2) might be implicated in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension in Yi (226 individuals) and Hani (296 individuals) minorities of China. Four tag SNPs (rs4536, rs4545, rs3097, and rs3802230) and the K173R polymorphism were genotyped using the PCR-RFLP method. In the Hani minority, rs4536 was significantly associated with hypertension, after Bonferroni correction. H9 AGGC constructed by tag SNPs was significantly higher in hypertensives than in controls (P = 0.001). Further, we observed that haplotype AGGC remained significantly associated with male hypertension after adjustment for covariates (OR = 3.76, P = 0.002). In the Yi minority, it was found that the CYP11B2 gene was not significantly associated with hypertension. These results indicated that haplotype AGGC conferred an increased risk for hypertension in the Hani minority male. In addition, CYP11B2 may not be associated with hypertension in the Yi minority of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bifeng Chen
- Human Genetics Center, Yunnan University, 2 N. Cuihu Rd., Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Wang B, Zhang G, Ouyang J, Deng X, Shi T, Ma X, Li H, Ju Z, Wang C, Wu Z, Liu S, Zhang X. Association of DNA polymorphisms within the CYP11B2/CYP11B1 locus and postoperative hypertension risk in the patients with aldosterone-producing adenomas. Urology 2010; 76:1018.e1-7. [PMID: 20708777 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2010.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2009] [Revised: 02/03/2010] [Accepted: 03/01/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hypertension often persists after adrenalectomy for primary aldosteronism. Traditional factors associated with postoperative hypertension were evaluated, but whether genetic determinants were involved remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of DNA polymorphisms within steroid synthesis genes (CYP11B2, CYP11B1) and the postoperative resolution of hypertension in Chinese patients undergoing adrenalectomy for aldosterone-producing adenomas (APA). METHODS Ninety-three patients with APA were assessed for postoperative resolution of hypertension. All patients were genotyped for rs1799998 (C-344 T), intron 2 conversion, rs4539 (A2718G) within CYP11B2 and rs6410 (G22 5A), rs6387 (A2803G) within CYP11B1. The associations between CYPB11B2/CYP11B1 polymorphisms and persistent postoperative hypertension were assessed by multivariate analysis. RESULTS CYP11B2-CYP11B1 haplotype was associated with persistent postoperative hypertension in Chinese patients undergoing adrenalectomy with APA (P = .006). Specifically, the rs4539 (AA) polymorphism was associated with persistent postoperative hypertension (P = .002). Multivariate logistic regression revealed the common haplotypes H1 (AGACT), H2 (AGAWT), and H3 (AGAWC) were associated with the persistent postoperative hypertension (P = .01, 0.03, 0.005 after Bonferroni correction). Additional predictors of persistent postoperative hypertension included duration of hypertension (P <.0005), family history of hypertension (P = .001), and elevated systolic blood pressure (P = .015). CONCLUSIONS The rs4539 (AA), H1, H2, and H3 are genetic predictors for postoperative persistence of hypertension for Chinese patients treated by adrenalectomy with APA. DNA polymorphisms at CYP11B2/B1 locus may confer susceptibility to postoperative hypertension of patients with APA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojun Wang
- Department of Urology, China PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Bellili NM, Foucan L, Fumeron F, Mohammedi K, Travert F, Roussel R, Balkau B, Tichet J, Marre M. Associations of the -344 T>C and the 3097 G>A polymorphisms of CYP11B2 gene with hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome in a French population. Am J Hypertens 2010; 23:660-7. [PMID: 20224556 DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2010.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aldosterone can affect both blood pressure (BP) and glucose metabolism. We assessed the association of two polymorphisms -344 T>C and the 3097 G>A in the aldosterone synthase gene (CYP11B2) with prevalent and incident hypertension (HT), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and the metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS We studied the 5,212 participants to D.E.S.I.R. (Data from Epidemiologic Study on the Insulin Resistance syndrome), a cohort from French general population. Genotyping was done by a TaqMan assay. Analysis of covariance, multivariate logistic regression (adjusted for age, MetS components) and haplotype analysis were performed. RESULTS The prevalences and 9-year incidences were 16.7 and 36.1% for HT, 2.6 and 6.2% for T2D, and 19.3 and 25.1% for the MetS. Risk for incident HT was reduced with the AA genotype of 3097 G>A, adjusted odds ratios (OR): 0.67; p = 0.04. The prevalence of HT was lower in women carrying the C allele of -344 T>C, OR 0.75; p = 0.03 for the TC genotype and 0.69; p = 0.03 for the CC genotype. In men, incident T2D was associated with both polymorphisms, adjusted OR for -344 T>C: 1.63; p = 0.04 for TC genotype and 2.12; p = 0.008 for CC genotype; for the 3097 G>A: the AA genotype was associated with a lower risk, OR 0.23; p = 0.02. In men, incident MetS was associated with 3097 G>A, OR: 0.57; p = 0.02 for AA genotype. Significant associations between haplotype combinations and the prevalence or incidence of the three diseases were also found. CONCLUSION The -344 T>C and 3097 G>A polymorphisms in the CYP11B2 are associated with T2D, hypertension and the MetS in European subjects with gender variations.
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Niu WQ, Guo SJ, Zhang Y, Gao PJ, Zhu DL. Genetic and functional analyses of aldosterone synthase gene C-344T polymorphism with essential hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 2010; 24:427-9. [PMID: 20182453 DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2010.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Cheng X, Xu G. A systemic review of the relationship between aldosterone synthase - 344 C/T polymorphism and hypertension in Han. Clin Exp Hypertens 2010; 32:301-7. [PMID: 20662731 DOI: 10.3109/10641960903443509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Many studies reported the association between aldosterone synthase gene CYP11B2 polymorphism and essential hypertension in Chinese. So far, no meta- analysis was conducted between the etiology of essential hypertension and CYP11B2 -344 C/T polymorphism in Han Chinese, the majority (93% of the total population) in China. Recruited literature was based on searching the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Chinese Biomedicine Database (CBM), CNKI, VIP, and reference lists of articles without language restrictions. Nine studies with case-control involving 4259 unselected essential hypertension patients and 3213 controls were included in the analysis. From the nine homogeneous studies with gender, age, and ethnicity matched controls, we found no significant association between the etiology of essential hypertension and the -344 C/T variant in Han Chinese with random effect models (for homozygous CC: odds ratio (OR), 1.04, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.791.37, P = 0.79; for allele C: OR, 1.04, 95% CI, 0.921.18, P = 0.56). No significant association was observed between CYP11B2 -344 C/T polymorphism and hypertension susceptibility in both sexes. Current large sample analysis did not support the association between the etiology of essential hypertension and CYP11B2 - 344 C/T polymorphism in Han Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshu Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, PR China.
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Zhao W, Wang L, Lu X, Yang W, Huang J, Chen S, Gu D. A coding polymorphism of the kallikrein 1 gene is associated with essential hypertension: a tagging SNP-based association study in a Chinese Han population. J Hypertens 2007; 25:1821-7. [PMID: 17762646 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0b013e328244e119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the association between common variants in the human tissue kallikrein 1 (KLK1) gene and susceptibility to essential hypertension in Chinese Han. METHODS A tagging single nucleotide polymorphism (tSNP) approach was used for a case-control study in 2411 patients with essential hypertension and 2348 controls. All DNA samples and clinical data were collected from the International Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease in Asia (InterASIA). RESULTS Based on the HapMap data of Han Chinese in Beijing (CHB) population, two non-synonymous polymorphisms, namely rs5517 (Glu162Lys) and rs5516 (Gln121Glu), were selected as tSNPs which could efficiently tag eight SNPs of the KLK1 gene with R larger than 90% for both haplotypes and single locus. Significant differences were found between groups for frequencies of rs5517 A allele (42.48% in cases versus 39.32% in controls, P=0.0019) and AA genotype [adjusted odds ratio (OR)=1.25 for AA versus AG/GG, P=0.0067]. The haplotype composed of the rs5517 A and rs5516 G allele significantly increased the risk of hypertension, with adjusted OR of 1.12 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04-1.28, P=0.0377] when compared with the common haplotype G-C. Diplotype analysis also showed a significant association between the diplotype of AG-AC and essential hypertension (OR=1.34, 95% CI, 1.07-1.68, P=0.0096). CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that rs5517 in the KLK1 gene was significantly associated with essential hypertension in a Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyan Zhao
- Department of Evidence Based Medicine and Division of Population Genetics, Cardiovascular Institute and Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Sookoian S, Gianotti TF, González CD, Pirola CJ. Association of the C−344T aldosterone synthase gene variant with essential hypertension: a meta-analysis. J Hypertens 2007; 25:5-13. [PMID: 17143166 DOI: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000254372.88488.a9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The CYP11B2 gene (CYP11B2) encoding aldosterone synthase has been associated with essential hypertension and some, but not all, studies have reported that the C-344T variant may influence the risk of the disease. OBJECTIVE We performed a systematic review of the literature by means of a meta-analysis to evaluate the influence of the C-344T CYP11B2 polymorphism on arterial hypertension and intermediate phenotypes. METHODS From 485 reports, we included 42 observational studies, case-control and cohort at baseline. Fixed and random effect models were used to pool data from individual studies. RESULTS From 19 heterogeneous studies including 5343 essential hypertensive and 5882 control subjects, we found a significant association between hypertension and the C-344T variant in fixed but not in random effect models [for homozygous CC: odds ratio (OR), 0.834; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.760-0.914; P < 0.0001, n = 11 225]. Besides, homozygous CC subjects had lower plasma renin activity (D, -0.161; 95% CI, -0.279 to -0.043; P < 0.01, n = 1428) but no difference in plasma aldosterone levels (D, -0.006; 95% CI, -0.081 to 0.07; P = 0.88, n = 2872). Limiting the quantitative analysis of blood pressure to 13 studies including only untreated individuals, no significant association was found for systolic arterial blood pressure (D, 0.042; 95% CI, -0.057 to 0.141; P = 0.41, n = 1775) and diastolic arterial blood pressure (D, 0.026; 95% CI, -0.073 to 0.125; P = 0.61, n = 1775). CONCLUSION Homozygous individuals for the -344C CYP11B2 allele are at 17% lower risk of hypertension with respect to homozygous TT subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Sookoian
- Cardiología Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones Medicas, A. Lanari, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Tang W, Wu H, Zhou X, Cheng B, Dong Y, He L, Yu H, Xu L, Lu J, Li K, Xiao C. Association of the C-344T polymorphism of CYP11B2 gene with essential hypertension in Hani and Yi minorities of China. Clin Chim Acta 2006; 364:222-5. [PMID: 16126185 DOI: 10.1016/j.cccn.2005.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2005] [Revised: 07/06/2005] [Accepted: 07/06/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of aldosterone. Recently, a C-344T polymorphism in the promoter region of the CYP11B2 gene has been reported to be in association with high blood pressure. We investigated the association between this polymorphism and essential hypertension in Hani (n=305 individuals) and Yi (n=233 individuals) minorities of China. METHODS CYP11B2 genotyping with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was performed in 267 normotensive subjects and 271 essential hypertensive subjects. At the same time, the T(-344)C polymorphism detection in 33 subjects was also performed by sequencing. RESULT The frequency of CYP11B2 C-344T genotype in normotensive controls and essential hypertensive cohort in Hani population were TT: 0.729 vs. 0.610; CT + CC: 0.271 vs. 0.390, respectively. The frequency of CYP11B2 C-344T genotype in normotensive controls and essential hypertensive cohort in Yi population were TT: 0.612 vs. 0.475; CT + CC: 0.388 vs. 0.525, respectively. The frequency of CC + CT genotype in the essential hypertensive group was significantly higher than that in the normotensive controls in both Hani and Yi populations (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The -344C allele of the CYP11B2 may play a role in genetic predisposition to developing essential hypertension in Hani and Yi minorities of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenru Tang
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources and Human Genetics Center of Yunnan University, #2 N. Cuihu Rd. Kunming, Yunnan 650091, PR China
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