1
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Chandrasekar NR, Cajigas H. Covid-19, HLA, and race common link: A novel hypothesis. Transpl Immunol 2023; 79:101859. [PMID: 37230393 PMCID: PMC10234414 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2023.101859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) accountable for the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) prompted a catastrophic pandemic striking millions of people with diverse presentations, from asymptomatic to severe, potentially lethal disease requiring unprecedented levels of specialized care and extraordinary resources that have overwhelmed healthcare systems around the world. In this detailed communication we postulating a novel hypothesis, based on the viral replication and transplantation immunology. This based on reviewing published journal articles and text book chapters to account for variable mortality and degrees of morbidity among various race and origins. Homo sapiens evolution over millions of years, for that the matter the origin of any biologic form of life form initiated by microorganisms. The entire body of a human has several millions of bacterial and viral genomes incorporated over millions of years. Perhaps the answer or a clue lies how compatible a foreign genomic sequence fits into three billion copies of human genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Chandrasekar
- Harvard Medical School Teaching Hospitals; IQ Medical Devices, United States of America.
| | - Helen Cajigas
- Pathology, Cytopathology & Laboratory Medicine, Harvard Medical School-affiliated Institutions, Pearl Consulting Services, United States of America
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2
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Roh EY, Oh S, Yoon JH, Kim BJ, Song EY, Shin S. Umbilical Cord Blood Units Cryopreserved in the Public Cord Blood Bank: A Breakthrough in iPSC Haplobanking? Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720926151. [PMID: 32623908 PMCID: PMC7563803 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720926151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is an emerging therapeutic option for precision medicine. Cord blood (CB) cells with lower immunogenicity, fewer genomic changes, and persistent epigenetic memory might be ideal candidates for iPSC production. Based on the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) distribution of cord blood units (CBUs) in the public CB bank, we estimated the coverage of the Korean population with HLA-homozygous iPSCs to repurpose cryopreserved CBUs. We analyzed a total of 27,904 Korean CBUs donated to the public CB bank. Low-to-intermediate resolution typing was performed for HLA-A, -B, and -DRB1 alleles, and individuals possessing homozygous HLA haplotypes were identified by direct counting. Moreover, the matching probabilities for zero-mismatch transplantation were calculated for 27,904 CBUs and 50,000,000 potential Korean patients. Among the preserved CBUs, 15 HLA-A, 40 HLA-B, and 13 HLA-DRB1 alleles as well as 48 homozygous HLA-A-B-DRB1 haplotypes were identified at serological equivalents (2 digits). The 48 identified homozygous haplotypes cumulatively matched 78.18% of the 27,904 Korean CB donors as zero HLA-mismatch iPSC sources. Among the combinations of 1,699 haplotypes with frequencies greater than 0.001%, assuming a population of 50 million, those 48 haplotypes can provide a match for 78.37% of potential Korean recipients. A practicable number of HLA-A, -B, and -DRB1 homozygous iPSC lines derived from CBUs may be an efficient option in allogeneic iPSC therapy because this type of haplobanking may provide cell lines with optimal HLA matching for up to three-quarters of the Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Youn Roh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Republic of Korea.,Seoul Metropolitan Public Cord Blood Bank-ALLCORD, Republic of Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea.,Both the authors contributed equally to this study as co-first authors
| | - Sohee Oh
- Department of Biostatistics, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Republic of Korea.,Both the authors contributed equally to this study as co-first authors
| | - Jong Hyun Yoon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Republic of Korea.,Seoul Metropolitan Public Cord Blood Bank-ALLCORD, Republic of Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Jae Kim
- Seoul Metropolitan Public Cord Blood Bank-ALLCORD, Republic of Korea.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Sue Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Republic of Korea.,Seoul Metropolitan Public Cord Blood Bank-ALLCORD, Republic of Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
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3
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HLA DR Genome Editing with TALENs in Human iPSCs Produced Immune-Tolerant Dendritic Cells. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:8873383. [PMID: 34093711 PMCID: PMC8163544 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8873383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can serve as a universal cell source for regenerative medicine, the use of iPSCs in clinical applications is limited by prohibitive costs and prolonged generation time. Moreover, allogeneic iPSC transplantation requires preclusion of mismatches between the donor and recipient human leukocyte antigen (HLA). We, therefore, generated universally compatible immune nonresponsive human iPSCs by gene editing. Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) were designed for selective elimination of HLA DR expression. The engineered nucleases completely disrupted the expression of HLA DR on human dermal fibroblast cells (HDF) that did not express HLA DR even after stimulation with IFN-γ. Teratomas formed by HLA DR knockout iPSCs did not express HLA DR, and dendritic cells differentiated from HLA DR knockout iPSCs reduced CD4+ T cell activation. These engineered iPSCs might provide a novel translational approach to treat multiple recipients from a limited number of cell donors.
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4
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Baek IC, Choi EJ, Shin DH, Kim HJ, Choi H, Kim TG. Distributions of HLA-A, -B, and -DRB1 alleles typed by amplicon-based next generation sequencing in Korean volunteer donors for unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. HLA 2021; 97:112-126. [PMID: 33179442 DOI: 10.1111/tan.14134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
HLA genes play a pivotal role for successful hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). There is an increasing need for sophisticated screening of donor HLA genotypes for unrelated HSCT. Next generation sequencing (NGS) has emerged as an alternative for classical Sanger sequence for HLA typing. In this study, HLA-A, -B, and -DRB1 alleles were genotyped at the allelic (6-digit) level using MiSeqDx in 26,202 volunteers from the Korean Network for Organ Sharing. Exon 2 and 3 of HLA-A and -B and exon 2 of HLA-DRB1 were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and each allele was determined by matching the targeted exons and the reference sequence consisting of the IPD-IMGT/HLA Database. Seventy alleles of HLA-A, 102 alleles of HLA-B, and 69 alleles of HLA-DRB1 were identified. According to common and well-documented catalogs, 34 alleles in HLA-A, 61 in HLA-B, and 45 in HLA-DRB1 locus were common alleles, and 12, 14, and 11 kinds, were well-documented alleles, respectively. Thirteen novel alleles including 3 alleles in HLA-A, 8 alleles in HLA-B, and 2 alleles in HLA-DRB1 loci were found. Ten haplotypes with a frequency of more than 1.0% accounted for 22.4% of the total haplotype frequencies. Cis/trans ambiguities of HLA-A and -B loci by combination of exons 2 and 3 were analyzed to be 0.17% of 3 and 3.95% of 22 genotypes, respectively. This information on rare and novel alleles found by accurate HLA typing with NGS may be helpful for unrelated HSCT among Koreans.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Cheol Baek
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Jeong Choi
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong-Hwan Shin
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyoung-Jae Kim
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Haeyoun Choi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tai-Gyu Kim
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim A, Lee KG, Kwon Y, Lee KI, Yang HM, Habib O, Kim J, Kim ST, Kim SJ, Kim JS, Hwang DY. Off-the-Shelf, Immune-Compatible Human Embryonic Stem Cells Generated Via CRISPR-Mediated Genome Editing. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:1053-1067. [PMID: 33423156 PMCID: PMC8166669 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10113-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) hold promise in regenerative medicine but allogeneic immune rejections caused by highly polymorphic human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) remain a barrier to their clinical applications. Here, we used a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated HLA-editing strategy to generate a variety of HLA homozygous-like hESC lines from pre-established hESC lines. We edited four pre-established HLA-heterozygous hESC lines and created a mini library of 14 HLA-edited hESC lines in which single HLA-A and HLA-B alleles and both HLA-DR alleles are disrupted. The HLA-edited hESC derivatives elicited both low T cell- and low NK cell-mediated immune responses. Our library would cover about 40% of the Asian-Pacific population. We estimate that HLA-editing of only 19 pre-established hESC lines would give rise to 46 different hESC lines to cover 90% of the Asian-Pacific population. This study offers an opportunity to generate an off-the-shelf HLA-compatible hESC bank, available for immune-compatible cell transplantation, without embryo destruction. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Kim
- Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Gu Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Yeongbeen Kwon
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology(SAIHST), Graduate School, Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.,Transplantation Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-In Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea.,ToolGen, Inc., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Heung-Mo Yang
- Transplantation Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,GenNbio Inc., Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Omer Habib
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Sang-Tae Kim
- Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Life Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Sung Joo Kim
- Transplantation Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,GenNbio Inc., Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jin-Soo Kim
- Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong-Youn Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea.
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Chang H, Shin YW, Keam B, Kim M, Im SA, Lee ST. HLA-B27 association of autoimmune encephalitis induced by PD-L1 inhibitor. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2020; 7:2243-2250. [PMID: 33031633 PMCID: PMC7664281 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While immune checkpoint inhibitors are increasingly used for various cancers, unpredictable immune-related adverse events (irAEs) such as autoimmune encephalitis is life-threatening. Here, we report an association between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and atezolizumab-induced encephalitis. METHODS From an institutional prospective cohort for encephalitis, we identified patients with autoimmune encephalitis after the use of atezolizumab, a PD-L1 (programmed death-ligand 1) inhibitor, from August 2016 to September 2019 and analyzed their HLA genotypes. RESULTS A total of 290 patients received atezolizumab, and seven patients developed autoimmune encephalitis, and five of whom were enrolled for the analysis. The patients presented altered mentality, seizures, or myelitis. Three patients had the HLA-B*27:05 genotype in common (60%), which is significantly frequent given its low frequency in the general population (2.5%). After Bonferroni correction, HLA-B*27:05 was significantly associated with autoimmune encephalitis by atezolizumab (corrected P < 0.001, odds ratio 59, 95% CI = 9.0 ~ 386.9). INTERPRETATION Here we found that three in five patients with autoimmune encephalitis associated with atezolizumab had the rare HLA-B*27:05 genotype. Further systematic analyses in larger cohorts are necessary to investigate the value of HLA screening to prevent the life-threatening adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeyeon Chang
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Konyang University Hospital, Deajeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Won Shin
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Center for Hospital Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bhumsuk Keam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Miso Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seock-Ah Im
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Tae Lee
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Shin S, Song EY, Kwon YW, Oh S, Park H, Kim NH, Roh EY. Usefulness of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Donor Pool as a Source of HLA-Homozygous Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Haplobanking: Combined Analysis of the Cord Blood Inventory and Bone Marrow Donor Registry. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2020; 26:e202-e208. [PMID: 32439474 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have opened up unprecedented opportunities for novel therapeutic options for precision medicine. Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) donor pools with previously determined HLA types may be ideal sources for iPSC production. Based on the HLA distribution of cryopreserved cord blood units (CBUs) and registered bone marrow (BM) donors, we estimated how much of the Korean population could be covered by HLA-homozygous iPSCs. We analyzed a total of 143,866 Korean HSC donors (27,904 CBUs and 115,962 BM donors). Each donor sample was typed for the HLA-A, -B, and -DRB1 alleles at low to intermediate resolution by DNA-based molecular techniques: PCR sequence-specific oligonucleotide (PCR-SSOP), PCR with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) and PCR with sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT). We also identified individuals possessing homozygous HLA haplotypes by direct counting. The matching probabilities for zero-mismatch transplantation were calculated for 143,866 Koreans and 50 million potential Korean patients. Among the HSC donor pool, 17 HLA-A alleles, 41 HLA-B alleles, and 13 HLA-DRB1 alleles, as well as 128 homozygous HLA-A-B-DRB1 haplotypes, were identified at serologic equivalents, and those haplotypes cumulatively matched 93.20% of the 143,866 Korean donors as zero HLA-mismatch iPSC sources. Among the combinations of 2,056 haplotypes with frequencies ≥ 0.001% in a population of 50 million, those 128 homozygous haplotypes can provide 93.65% coverage for potential Korean recipients. Haplobanking of a reasonable number of HLA-A, -B, and -DRB1 homozygous iPSC lines derived from CBUs and cells of registered BM donors may be an efficient option for allogenic iPSC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Seoul Metropolitan Government Public Cord Blood Bank-ALLCORD, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Wook Kwon
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohee Oh
- Department of Biostatistics, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoong Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hee Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Youn Roh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Seoul Metropolitan Government Public Cord Blood Bank-ALLCORD, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Choi J, Im J, Cho Y. A new allele, HLA-B*54:39, identified by sequence-based typing in a Korean individual. HLA 2019; 94:70-71. [PMID: 30891935 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The new allele B*54:39 showed one nucleotide difference from B*54:01:01 in codon 10 (ACC->AGC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungim Choi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jisu Im
- Research & Development Team, Biowithus Life Science Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yunjung Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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9
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Park Y, Cheong JW, Park MH, Kim MS, Kim JS, Kim HS. Effect of major histocompatibility complex haplotype matching by C4 and MICA genotyping on acute graft versus host disease in unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Hum Immunol 2015; 77:176-83. [PMID: 26602146 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We explored whether matching of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotypes between the recipient and donor of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) predicted by C4 and MICA typing is associated with the incidence of acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD). DNA preparations collected from a total of 81 recipient and donor pairs were used for PCR-based C4 subtyping and/or MICA sequence-based typing. Incidences of aGVHD were compared according to C4 and MICA matching. The six most common MICA alleles were MICA*008:01, *010:01, *002:01, *004, *009:01/049, and *012:01. Among the 59 unrelated pairs, HLA alleles were matched in 34 (57.6%). C4 subtypes were identical between the recipient and donor in 28 (82.4%) HLA-matched unrelated pairs, while MICA genotypes were matched in all HLA-matched unrelated pairs. In the 22 HLA-matched related pairs, all recipients showed identical C4 subtypes with their respective donors. In multivariate analysis, C4 mismatch was a significant risk factor associated with the development of aGVHD in unrelated HSCT (hazard ratio=3.24, P=0.006). PCR-based C4 subtyping is a simple method for assessing the genetic identity of the HLA region between a recipient and unrelated donor. This test would be also useful for prediction of aGVHD in HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjung Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - June-Won Cheong
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Hee Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Korea Organ Donation Agency Laboratory, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Soo Kim
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Sun Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyon-Suk Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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10
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In JW, Roh EY, Oh S, Shin S, Park KU, Song EY. Allele and Haplotype Frequencies of Human Leukocyte Antigen-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, and -DQB1 From Sequence-Based DNA Typing Data in Koreans. Ann Lab Med 2015; 35:429-35. [PMID: 26131415 PMCID: PMC4446582 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2015.35.4.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Data on allele frequencies (AFs) and haplotype frequencies (HFs) of HLA-C and -DQB1 are limited in Koreans. We investigated AFs and HFs of HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, and -DQB1 in Koreans by high-resolution sequence-based typing (SBT). Methods Hematopoietic stem cells were obtained from 613 healthy, unrelated donors to analyze HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, and -DQB1 genotypes by using AlleleSEQR HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, and -DQB1 SBT kits (Abbott Molecular, USA), respectively. Alleles belonging to HLA-C*07:01/07:06 group were further discriminated by using PCR-sequence specific primer analysis. AFs and HFs were calculated by direct counting and maximum likelihood method, respectively. Results In all, 24 HLA-A, 46 HLA-B, 24 HLA-C, 29 HLA-DRB1, and 15 HLA-DQB1 alleles were identified. AFs and HFs of HLA-A, -B, and -DRB1 were similar to those reported previously. For the HLA-C locus, C*01:02 was the most common allele, followed by C*03:03, C*03:04, C*14:02, C*03:02, and C*07:02 (AF ≥7%). AFs of C*07:01 and C*07:06 were 0.16% and 3.18%, respectively. For the HLA-DQB1 locus, DQB1*03:01 was the most common allele, followed by DQB1*03:03, *03:02, *06:01, *05:01, *04:01, and *06:02 (AF ≥7%). AFs of DQB1*02:01 and DQB1*02:02 were 2.12% and 6.69%, respectively. HFs of A*33:03-C*07:06 and C*07:06-B*44:03 were 3.09% and 3.10%, respectively, while those of DRB1*07:01-DQB1*02:02 and DRB1*03:01-DQB1*02:01 were 6.61% and 2.04%, respectively. Conclusions This study reported AFs and HFs of HLA, including HLA-C and -DQB1, in Koreans by using high-resolution SBT. These data can be used to resolve ambiguous results of HLA typing for organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Won In
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Youn Roh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sohee Oh
- Department of Biostatistics, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sue Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung Un Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Young Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Yoon JH, Shin S, In JW, Chang JY, Song EY, Roh EY. Association of HLA alleles with the responsiveness to hepatitis B virus vaccination in Korean infants. Vaccine 2014; 32:5638-44. [PMID: 25148772 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination is the most effective means of countering HBV-related morbidity and mortality, and individuals who do not respond to vaccination (non-responders) are problematic. The aim of the present study was to investigate associations between HLA and responsiveness to HBV vaccine in Korean infants. A total of 944 healthy Korean infants 9-12 months old were enrolled, and HLA distribution was compared among subgroups in accordance with the response to HBV vaccination. The HLA distribution of the subjects was similar to known Korean population data and did not deviate from the HWE proportions. The alleles that showed positive associations with non-responsiveness (<10mIU/mL) or low antibody titer (<100mIU/mL) were HLA-A*33, B62, DRB1*04, and DRB1*07, while the alleles A*02 and DRB1*08 showed negative associations. Among these alleles, B62, DRB1*07 and DRB1*08(-) showed significant associations with a poor or decreased response to vaccination even after correction (OR=1.83, 1.99, 5.63; pc<0.05) and also showed dose effects. After stratification by other associated alleles at different loci, B62 and DRB1*07 were independently associated with non-responsiveness, but A*02(-) and DRB1*08(-) lost their individual associations. The combined association of A*02(-)-DRB1*08(-) and B62-DRB1*08(-) was significant (OR=25.2 and 24.5; pc<0.05). Although the hierarchy is not clear, we can assume the following: (i) B62 and DRB1*07 have independent effects, (ii) DRB1*08(-) has a very strong and synergic effect, and (iii) there is probability of a third factor controlling A*02(-) and DRB1*08(-) with an effect on non-responsiveness to HBV vaccination in Korean infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyun Yoon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Seoul Metropolitan Public Cord Blood Bank-ALLCORD, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sue Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Seoul Metropolitan Public Cord Blood Bank-ALLCORD, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji won In
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Young Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Youn Roh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Seoul Metropolitan Public Cord Blood Bank-ALLCORD, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Li XF, Zhang X, Chen Y, Zhang KL, Liu XJ, Li JP. An analysis of HLA-A, -B, and -DRB1 allele and haplotype frequencies of 21,918 residents living in Liaoning, China. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93082. [PMID: 24691290 PMCID: PMC3972227 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 allele frequencies and their haplotype frequencies in 21,918 Chinese residents living in Liaoning Province, who were registered as volunteer donors of China Marrow Donor Registry, were investigated. They are composed of 93.37% Han Chinese, 5.1% Manchus, 0.57% Mongols, 0.46% Hui persons, 0.29% Koreans and 0.14% Xibe ethnic group. In total eighteen different HLA-A alleles, forty-eight different HLA-B alleles and fourteen different HLA-DRB1 alleles have been identified. Their frequencies are in agreement with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. For Han Chinese in Liaoning, 1,534 different HLA-A-B-DRB1 haplotypes were identified, with a frequency of higher than 0.01%. A*30-B*13-DRB1*07, A*02-B*46-DRB1*09 and A*02-B*13-DRB1*12 are the most frequent haplotypes among Liaoning Han. While Liaoning Han, Liaoning Manchu, Liaoning Mongol, Liaoning Hui and Liaoning Korean share the northern Han characteristic haplotypes, all minority ethnic groups with the exception of Liaoning Manchu have developed their own unique HLA profiles. This dataset characterizes the HLA allele and haplotype frequencies in the Liaoning area and suggests that it is different from those in other parts of China and ethnic groups, which implicates transplant donor searching strategies and studies on population genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Li
- HLA Laboratory, Liaoning Blood Center, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- HLA Laboratory, Liaoning Blood Center, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yang Chen
- HLA Laboratory, Liaoning Blood Center, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Kun-Lian Zhang
- HLA Laboratory, Liaoning Blood Center, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | | | - Jian-Ping Li
- HLA Laboratory, Liaoning Blood Center, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Shenyang Research Center for Stem Cell Clinical Application, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- * E-mail:
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Son JA, Lee JY, Oh SH, Shin JH, Kim HR. Identification of a novel HLA-B allele, B*46:39, by sequence-based typing. TISSUE ANTIGENS 2013; 82:351-352. [PMID: 24131024 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The new allele B*46:39 showed a single-nucleotide substitution compared with B*46:01 at codon 185 (CCA/ACA).
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Son
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
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14
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Yoon JH, Oh S, Shin S, Park JS, Roh EY, Song EY, Park MH, Han KS. The minimum number of cord blood units needed for Koreans is 51,000. Transfusion 2013; 54:504-8. [PMID: 23763520 DOI: 10.1111/trf.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inventory size for cord blood (CB) depends on the ethnic diversity of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and the size estimation is important for public health in each ethnicity. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We estimate the CB inventory size in Koreans with stored CB units (CBUs) and patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Two-digit HLA specificities were determined using intermediate DNA typing. From 17,508 stored Korean CBUs, 1460 haplotypes with a frequency greater than 0.001% were used for reconstitution of the HLA. A total of 1002 transplanted patients' HLA was used for matching probability calculation. RESULTS The best probability for 6/6 matching is 47% in 500,000 hypothetical size. Ninety-five percent probability is achieved with 51,000 CBUs in 5/6, and 2150 in 4/6 matching condition. Because 4/6 matched CB is rarely selected in the Korean situation, 51,000 units is the lowest limit of CBUs required and the number will be adjusted depending on the cell number required for patients and the resolution of HLA typing. CONCLUSION Approximately 51,000 units could provide the minimum requirement for hematopoietic transplantation in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyun Yoon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Biostatistics, Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Seoul Metropolitan Government Public Cord Blood Bank (Allcord), Seoul, Korea
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15
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Wang F, He J, Chen S, Qin F, Dai B, Zhang W, Zhu FM, Lv HJ. HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-DRB1 allele and haplotype frequencies in 6384 umbilical cord blood units and transplantation matching and engraftment statistics in the Zhejiang cord blood bank of China. Int J Immunogenet 2013; 41:13-9. [PMID: 23731569 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a widely accepted source of progenitor cells, and now, many cord blood banks were established. Here, we analysed the HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-DRB1 allele and haplotype frequencies, HLA matching possibilities for searching potential donors and outcome of UCB transplantations in Zhejiang cord blood bank of China. A total of 6384 UCB units were characterized for 17 HLA-A, 30 HLA-B and 13 HLA-DRB1 alleles at the first field resolution level. Additionally, B*14, B*15 and B*40 were typed to the second field level. A total of 1372 distinct A-B-DRB1 haplotypes were identified. The frequencies of 7 haplotypes were more than 1%, and 439 haplotypes were <0.01%. A*02-B*46-DRB1*09, A*33-B*58-DRB1*03 and A*30-B*13-DRB1*07 were the most common haplotypes, with frequencies of 4.4%, 3.3%, and 2.9%, respectively. Linkage disequilibrium(LD) analysis showed that there were 83 A-B, 106 B-DRB1, 54 A-DRB1 haplotypes with positive LD, in which 51 A-B, 60 B-DRB1, 32 A-DRB1 haplotypes exhibited a significant LD (P < 0.05). In 682 search requests, 12.9%, 40.0% and 42.7% of patients were found to have 6 of 6, 5 of 6 and 4 of 6 HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-DRB1 matching donors, respectively. A total of 30 UCB units were transplanted to 24 patients (3 patients not evaluated due to early death); 14 of 21 patients (66.7%) engrafted. This study reveals the HLA distribution and its transplantation application in the cord blood bank of Zhejiang province. These data can help to select potential UCB donors for transplantation and used to assess the scale of new cord blood banking endeavours.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Wang
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key laboratory of blood safety research, Ministry of Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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16
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Huh JY, Yi DY, Eo SH, Cho H, Park MH, Kang MS. HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 polymorphism in Koreans defined by sequence-based typing of 4128 cord blood units. Int J Immunogenet 2013; 40:515-23. [DOI: 10.1111/iji.12067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Y. Huh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; CHA Bundang Medical Center; CHA University; Seongnam Gyeonggi-do Korea
| | - D. Y. Yi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Sokcho Medical Center; Sokcho Korea
| | - S.-H. Eo
- Department of Statistics; Korea University; Jongno-gu Seoul Korea
| | - H. Cho
- Department of Statistics; Korea University; Jongno-gu Seoul Korea
| | - M. H. Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Jongno-gu Seoul Korea
| | - M. S. Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; CHA Bundang Medical Center; CHA University; Seongnam Gyeonggi-do Korea
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17
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Boegel S, Löwer M, Schäfer M, Bukur T, de Graaf J, Boisguérin V, Türeci O, Diken M, Castle JC, Sahin U. HLA typing from RNA-Seq sequence reads. Genome Med 2012; 4:102. [PMID: 23259685 PMCID: PMC4064318 DOI: 10.1186/gm403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a method, seq2HLA, for obtaining an individual's human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II type and expression using standard next generation sequencing RNA-Seq data. RNA-Seq reads are mapped against a reference database of HLA alleles, and HLA type, confidence score and locus-specific expression level are determined. We successfully applied seq2HLA to 50 individuals included in the HapMap project, yielding 100% specificity and 94% sensitivity at a P-value of 0.1 for two-digit HLA types. We determined HLA type and expression for previously un-typed Illumina Body Map tissues and a cohort of Korean patients with lung cancer. Because the algorithm uses standard RNA-Seq reads and requires no change to laboratory protocols, it can be used for both existing datasets and future studies, thus adding a new dimension for HLA typing and biomarker studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Boegel
- TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstrasse 1, Building 708, 55131 Mainz, Germany ; University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, III, Medical Department, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Löwer
- TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstrasse 1, Building 708, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Schäfer
- TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstrasse 1, Building 708, 55131 Mainz, Germany ; University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, III, Medical Department, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Bukur
- TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstrasse 1, Building 708, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jos de Graaf
- TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstrasse 1, Building 708, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Valesca Boisguérin
- TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstrasse 1, Building 708, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ozlem Türeci
- Ganymed Pharmaceuticals AG, Freiligrathstrasse 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mustafa Diken
- TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstrasse 1, Building 708, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - John C Castle
- TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstrasse 1, Building 708, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ugur Sahin
- TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstrasse 1, Building 708, 55131 Mainz, Germany ; University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, III, Medical Department, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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18
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Yoon JH, Oh S, Shin S, Park JS, Roh EY, Song EY, Park MH, Han KS, Chang JY. The polymorphism of Knops blood group system in Korean population and their relationship with HLA system. Hum Immunol 2012; 74:196-8. [PMID: 23127551 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2012.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The main purpose of this report is to provide baseline gene frequencies of Knops blood group in the complement receptor 1 gene (CR1) in Korean population. In addition, possible relationship between the CR1 polymorphism and HLA specificities were studied, because the two systems had principal importance in immunity. CR1, which contains Knops antigens, was investigated by PCR-direct sequencing from 238 cord blood from Koreans. HLA data was archived from the enrolled cord blood units. Among the 7 SNPs, only 4843 (for KCAM antigen) and 4223 (for Yk(a)) nucleotide positions showed polymorphism. The genotype frequencies of KCAM were A/A (62.2%), A/G (33.2%), and G/G (4.6%); Yk(a) were C/C (29.4%), C/T (50%), and T/T (20.6%). KCAM (A/A) associated with HLA-DRB1(∗)13 (p=0.003, P(c)=0.0513); KCAM (G/G) with HLA-A(∗)30 (p<0.001, P(c)=0.0012). The Knops blood group system in Korean population has no diversity, except SNPs for KCAM and Yk(a), and the genotype of KCAM related with specific HLA alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyun Yoon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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19
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Kim KM, Sung HY, Jung B, Kang MS, Huh JY. HLA-B*40:179, a novel allele identified by sequence-based typing in cord blood from a Korean woman. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 80:194-5. [PMID: 22607317 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2012.01894.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The novel allele B*40:179 showed one nucleotide difference with B*40:01:01 in exon 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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Hong SS, Sung HY, Kang MS, Huh JY. HLA-A*02:328, a novel allele identified by sequence-based typing in cord blood from a Korean woman. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 79:308. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2011.01825.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Kim JJ, Hwang KR, Shin S, Yoon JH, Kim BJ, Choi YM, Roh EY. Association of polycystic ovarian syndrome with human leukocyte antigen polymorphism in Korean women. APMIS 2011; 119:618-25. [PMID: 21851420 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2011.02779.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Although several studies have demonstrated the genetic contribution to polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), the cause of this syndrome remains unclear. The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) systems and PCOS in Koreans. We compared the HLA-A, B and DRB1 genotype distribution of 52 PCOS patients and 67 healthy Korean women. In addition, we investigated the association of HLA with free-testosterone level. HLA-A*11, A*31 and B*54 showed increased phenotype frequencies (PFs) in PCOS women compared to controls (p = 0.032, OR 2.79; p = 0.019, OR 6.05; p = 0.002, OR 6.40). HLA-DRB1*15 showed negative correlations with the free-testosterone concentration both in total subjects and PCOS patients (p = 0.024 and p = 0.008). The results of the study suggest mild associations of HLA alleles with pathophysiology of PCOS and/or testosterone production in PCOS. Further investigation in a large number of subjects, including subdivision and multi-population studies, will need to be conducted to prove the consistent or variable association in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ju Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Healthcare System Gangnam Center.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Ri Hwang
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sue Shin
- Laboratory Medicine; Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center
| | - Jong Hyun Yoon
- Laboratory Medicine; Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center
| | - Byoung Jae Kim
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Min Choi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Youn Roh
- Laboratory Medicine; Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center
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Prognostic significance of HLA class I expressing in gastric carcinoma defined by monoclonal anti-pan HLA class I antibody, EMR8-5. J Gastrointest Surg 2011; 15:1336-43. [PMID: 21512844 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-011-1545-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2011] [Accepted: 04/05/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Downregulation or loss of HLA class I molecules has been demonstrated in human cancers. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical significance of HLA class I expression in gastric cancer. METHODS Gastric cancer tissues from 189 patients were examined for expression of HLA class I heavy chain antigens by immunohistochemical staining with EMR8-5. The expression level of HLA class I of tumor cells is categorized by combining an estimate the percentage of immunoreactive cell with an estimate of the staining intensity. The relationship between HLA class I expression and clinicopathologic parameters, patient survival, and tumor recurrence were analyzed. RESULTS HLA class I was downregulated in 85 (45.0%) of the gastric carcinomas. Staining revealed 104 (55.0%) tumors with strongly positive expression of HLA class I antigens, 76 (40.2%) tumors with weakly positive expression, and 9 (4.8%) tumors with negative expression. The expression of HLA class I antigen did not correlate with any other clinicopathologic parameters. Moreover, HLA class I expression was neither a risk factor for tumor recurrence nor survival. CONCLUSION The downregulation of HLA class I expression is not associated with patient prognosis.
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Lee HR, Park JS, Shin S, Roh EY, Yoon JH, Han KS, Kim BJ, Storms RW, Chao NJ. Increased numbers of total nucleated and CD34+ cells in blood group O cord blood: an analysis of neonatal innate factors in the Korean population. Transfusion 2011; 52:76-81. [PMID: 21790633 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03262.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We analyzed neonatal factors that could affect hematopoietic variables of cord blood (CB) donated from Korean neonates. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The numbers of total nucleated cells (TNCs), CD34+ cells, and CD34+ cells/TNCs of CB in neonates were compared according to sex, gestational age, birth weight, birth weight centile for gestational age, and ABO blood group. RESULTS With 11,098 CB units analyzed, blood group O CB showed an increased number of TNCs, CD34+ cells, and CD34+ cells/TNCs compared with other blood groups. Although TNC counts were lower in males, no difference in the number of CD34+ cells was demonstrated because the number of CD34+ cells/TNCs was higher in males. An increase in the gestational age resulted in an increase in the number of TNCs and decreases in the number of CD34+ cells and CD34+ cells/TNCs. The numbers of TNCs, CD34+ cells, and CD34+ cells/TNCs increased according to increased birth weight centile as well as birth weight. CONCLUSION CB with blood group O has unique hematologic variables in this large-scale analysis of Korean neonates, although the impact on the storage policies of CB banks or the clinical outcome of transplantation remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ryun Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Chung HY, Yoon JA, Han BY, Song EY, Park MH. [Allelic and haplotypic diversity of HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DRB1 genes in Koreans defined by high-resolution DNA typing]. Korean J Lab Med 2011; 30:685-96. [PMID: 21157157 DOI: 10.3343/kjlm.2010.30.6.685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we used high-resolution DNA typing to investigate the distribution of HLA alleles and haplotypes in Koreans. METHODS HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DRB1 alleles were genotyped at the allelic (4-digit) level in 474 healthy Koreans. HLA genotyping was performed in two steps. Initially, serologic typing or generic-level DNA typing was performed using the PCR-sequence-specific oligonucleotide method, and then allelic DNA typing (exons 2 and 3 for class I, and exon 2 for DRB1) was carried out using the PCR-single-strand conformation polymorphism method or sequence-based typing. HLA allele and haplotype frequencies and linkage disequilibrium values were calculated by the maximum likelihood method using a computer program developed for the 11th International Histocompatibility Workshop. RESULTS A total of 21 HLA-A, 40 HLA-B, 22 HLA-C, and 29 HLA-DRB1 alleles were found in Koreans. The most frequent alleles in each locus with frequencies of ≥ 10% were, in decreasing order of frequency, as follows: A*24:02, A*02:01, A*33:03; B*51:01; C*01:02, C*03:03; and DRB1*09:01. The numbers of two- and three-locus haplotypes with frequencies of >0.5% were as follows: 44 A-C, 42 B-C, 51 A-B, 52 B-DRB1, 42 A-C-B, and 34 A-B-DRB1. Thirteen A-B-DRB1 haplotypes with frequencies of ≥ 1.0% comprised 26.0% of the total haplotypes. The six most common haplotypes were as follows: A*33:03-B*44:03-DRB1*13:02 (3.7%), A*33:03-B*44:03-DRB1*07:01 (3.0%), A*33:03-B*58:01-DRB1*13:02 (3.0%), A*24:02-B*07:02-DRB1*01:01 (2.8%), A*30:01-B*13:02-DRB1*07:01 (2.3%), and A*11:01-B*15:01-DRB1*04:06 (2.2%). CONCLUSIONS The information obtained in this study can be used as basic data for Koreans in the fields of organ transplantation, disease association, and anthropologic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Yoon Chung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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