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Galeazzi R, Martelli G, Marcucci E, Orena M, Rinaldi S, Lattanzi R, Negri L. Analogues of both Leu- and Met-enkephalin containing a constrained dipeptide isostere prepared from a Baylis-Hillman adduct. Amino Acids 2009; 38:1057-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-009-0314-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Rzeszotarska B, Siodłak D, Broda MA, Dybała I, Kozioł AE. Conformational investigation of alpha,beta-dehydropeptides. X. Molecular and crystal structure of Ac-DeltaAla-NMe2 compared with those of Ac-L-Ala-NMe2, Ac-DL-Ala-NMe2 and other dimethylamides. THE JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE RESEARCH : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PEPTIDE SOCIETY 2002; 59:79-89. [PMID: 11906610 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-3011.2002.10951.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A series of three homologous dimethyldiamides Ac-DeltaAla-NMe2, Ac-L-Ala-NMe2 and Ac-DL-Ala-NMe2 has been synthesized and the structures of these amides determined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. To learn more about the conformational preferences of compounds studied, the fully relaxed (phi-psi) conformational energy maps in vacuo (AM1) of Ac-DeltaAla-NMe2 and Ac-L-Ala-NMe2 were obtained, and the calculated minima reoptimized with the DFT/B3LYP/6-31G** method. The crystal-state results have been compared with the literature data. Ac-DeltaAla-NMe2 and other alpha,beta-dehydroamino acid dimethyldiamides, Ac-DeltaXaa-NMe2 adopt the conservative conformation of the torsion angles phi, psi = approximately -45 degrees, approximately 130 degrees, which are located in the high-energy region (region H) of Ramachandran diagram. Ac-L-Ala-NMe2 and Ac-DL-Ala-NMe2, as well as other saturated amino acid dimethylamides Ac-L/DL-Xaa-NMe2, present common peptide structures, and no conformational preferences are observed. Molecular packing of the amides analysed reveals two general hydrogen-bonded motifs. Dehydro and DL-species are paired into centrosymmetric dimers, and L-compounds form catemers. However, Ac-DeltaAla-NMe2 and Ac-DL-Ala-NMe2 constitute exceptions: their molecules also link into catemers.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rzeszotarska
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Opole, Opole, Poland.
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Berg M, Chasse G, Deretey E, Füzéry A, Fung B, Fung D, Henry-Riyad H, Lin A, Mak M, Mantas A, Patel M, Repyakh I, Staikova M, Salpietro S, Tang TH, Vank J, Perczel A, Csonka G, Farkas Ö, Torday L, Székely Z, Csizmadia I. Prospects in computational molecular medicine: a millennial mega-project on peptide folding. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-1280(00)00448-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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6
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Thormann M, Hofmann HJ. Conformational properties of peptides containing dehydro amino acids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-1280(97)00422-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Easton CJ, Roselt PD, Tiekink ER. Synthesis of side-chain functionalized amino acid derivatives through reaction of alkyl nitronates with α-bromoglycine derivatives. Tetrahedron 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(95)00398-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Alagona G, Ciuffo G, Ghio C. Conformational preferences of a few enkephalin unsaturated analogs. J Mol Struct 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2860(10)80036-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Pieroni O, Fissi A, Pratesi C, Temussi PA, Ciardelli F. Solution structure of peptides containing two dehydro-phenylalanine residues: a CD investigation. Biopolymers 1993; 33:1-10. [PMID: 8427926 DOI: 10.1002/bip.360330102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The peptides Ac-delta Phe-Ala-delta Phe-NH-Me (1), Ac-delta Phe-Val-delta Phe-NH-Me (2), Ac-delta Phe-Gly-delta Phe-Ala-OMe (3), and Boc-Ala-delta Phe-Gly-delta Phe-Ala-OMe (4), containing two dehydro-phenylalanine (delta Phe) residues, were synthesized and the solution structure investigated in various solvents. The nmr and CD measurements indicate that all the dehydropeptides examined adopt 3(10)-helical conformations in solution. The tripeptides 1 and 2 exhibited an intense negative CD exciton couplet, which was assigned to the right-handed screw sense, while the tetrapeptide 3 displayed a CD couplet having opposite sign, which was assigned to the left-handed helical sense. In the pentapeptide 4 the sense of the helix was found to vary with solvent and temperature, as demonstrated by the sign reversal of the CD spectrum. The right-handed sense dominates in hexafluoro-2-propanol, whereas a left-handed helix prevails in chloroform, acetonitrile and methanol. A crucial role for this behavior is likely to be played by the two alanine residues positioned respectively at the head and tail of the sequence, which favor conformations having opposite screw senses.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Pieroni
- CNR-Institute of Biophysics, Pisa, Italy
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Ciajolo MR, Tuzi A, Pratesi CR, Fissi A, Pieroni O. Crystal and molecular structure of the dehydropeptide Ac-delta Phe-Val-delta Phe-NH-Me. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 1991; 38:539-44. [PMID: 1819588 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1991.tb01537.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The dehydropeptide Ac-delta Phe-L-Val-delta Phe-NH-Me, containing two dehydrophenylalanine (delta Phe) residues, crystallizes from methanol/water in space group P212121, with a = 12.622 (1), b = 12.979 (1), and c = 15.733 (1) A. In the solid state, the molecular structure is characterized by the presence of two intramolecular hydrogen bonds which form two consecutive beta-bends. The (phi, psi) torsion angles of the three residues are very similar and close to the standard values of type III beta-bends, so the molecular conformation corresponds to an incipient right-handed 3(10)-helix, only slightly distorted. In the crystal, the molecules are linked by head-to-tail hydrogen bonds, thus forming continuous helical columns packed in antiparallel mode. There are no lateral hydrogen bonds; the only interactions are hydrophobic contacts between the apolar side chains of neighboring helical columns.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Ciajolo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Naples, Italy
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Ciajolo MR, Tuzi A, Pratesi CR, Fissi A, Pieroni O. Crystal and molecular structure of Boc-D-Ala-delta Phe-Gly-delta Phe- D-Ala-OMe: a 3 10-helical dehydropeptide. Biopolymers 1990; 30:911-20. [PMID: 2092820 DOI: 10.1002/bip.360300906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The crystal and molecular structure of the pentapeptide Boc-D-Ala-delta Phe-Gly-delta Phe-D-Ala-OMe, containing two dehydrophenylalanine residues, was determined by x-ray diffraction. The molecule crystallizes in the orthorombic P2(1)2(1)2(1) space group, with a = 10.439(3), b = 15.319(3) and c = 21.099(4) A. In the solid state, the conformation of the pentapeptide is characterized by the presence of two type III' beta-turns. Thus the peptide assumes a left-handed 3(10-helical conformation, the left sense being due to the D configuration of the alanine residues. The two unsaturated residues are located in the (i + 1) position of the first beta-turn and in the (i + 2) position of the second beta-turn, respectively. In the crystal, the helical molecules are linked head to tail by hydrogen bonds. Lateral hydrogen bonds are also formed between molecules related by a twofold screw symmetry. This gives rise to a typical mode of packing characterized by infinite helical "chains,' similar to the packing found in other oligopeptides that adopt a 3(10)-helical structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Ciajolo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Napoli
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Affiliation(s)
- V J Hruby
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tuscon 85721
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- W F Degrado
- Central Research and Development Department, E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company, Incorporated Experimental Station, Wilmington, Delaware 19898
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Mapelli C, Kimura H, Stammer CH. Synthesis of four diastereomeric enkephalins incorporating cyclopropyl phenylalanine. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 1986; 28:347-59. [PMID: 3025115 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1986.tb03265.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Four diastereomeric D-Ala2, Leu5-enkephalins have been synthesized and their CD spectra and rat brain binding affinities determined. Only the peptides containing Z-cyclopropyl phenylalanine residues showed strong binding affinity. No correlation between CD spectra and bioactivity could be made.
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Makowski M, Rzeszotarska B, Smelka L, Kubica Z. Synthesis of Peptides with α,β-Dehydroamino Acids, III. Debenzyloxycarbonylation and Detrifluoroacetylation of Dehydroalanine and Dehydrophenylalanine Peptides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.198519850716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Chapter 30. Recent Progress in the Rational Design of Peptide Hormones and Neurotransmitters. ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-7743(08)60706-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Mitra AK, Ostashevsky I, Brewer CF. Synthesis and 19F spectra of tetra-L-alanine analogs containing selectively incorporated 3-fluoro-L-alanine residues. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 1983; 22:495-501. [PMID: 6654597 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1983.tb02120.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of analogs of tetra-L-alanine containing 3-fluoro-L-alanine selectively incorporated at each position is described. The standard procedures in the literature used to couple L-alanine peptides together were often found to lead to undesired products, or elimination reactions when corresponding 3-fluoro-L-alanine peptide analogs were used. Several modified procedures have thus been developed for the synthesis of fluorine-substituted analogs. In addition, the pH-dependence of 19F n.m.r. spectra of 3-fluoro-L-alanine and the tetrapeptide analogs is presented.
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Jain R, Chauhan VS. Conformational characteristics of peptides containing alpha, beta-dehydroamino acid residues. Biopolymers 1996; 40:105-19. [PMID: 8541443 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0282(1996)40:1<105::aid-bip5>3.0.co;2-#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The structural preferences of synthetic peptides containing alpha, beta-dehydroamino acid residues, as determined by theoretical studies, x-ray diffraction analyses, and spectroscopic studies, are reviewed. The role of delta ZPhe residues in stabilizing type II beta-turn structures in small peptides and in nucleating helical structure in longer peptides is exemplified by several crystal as well as solution structural studies. From the few studies reported so far it appears that delta ZLeu influences the peptide backbone, much like the delta ZPhe residue, whereas delta Ala prefers the extended conformation, suggesting that the nature of beta substituents might influence the conformation restriction behavior of the dehydroresidues. Conformational studies on synthetic peptides containing delta E, delta ZAbu, and delta Val have also been described.
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