1
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Wang L, Kuo HT, Zhang Z, Zhang C, Chen CC, Chapple D, Wilson R, Colpo N, François Bénard, Lin KS. Unnatural amino acid substitutions to improve in vivo stability and tumor uptake of 68Ga-labeled GRPR-targeted TacBOMB2 derivatives for cancer imaging with positron emission tomography. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2024; 9:8. [PMID: 38305955 PMCID: PMC10837402 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-024-00241-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overexpressed in various solid tumors, gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) is a promising cancer imaging marker and therapeutic target. Although antagonists are preferable for the development of GRPR-targeted radiopharmaceuticals due to potentially fewer side effects, internalization of agonists may lead to longer tumor retention and better treatment efficacy. In this study, we systematically investigated unnatural amino acid substitutions to improve in vivo stability and tumor uptake of a previously reported GRPR-targeted agonist tracer, [68Ga]Ga-TacBOMB2 (68Ga-DOTA-Pip-D-Phe6-Gln7-Trp8-Ala9-Val10-Gly11-His12-Leu13-Thz14-NH2). RESULTS Unnatural amino acid substitutions were conducted for Gln7, Trp8, Ala9, Val10, Gly11 and His12, either alone or in combination. Out of 25 unnatural amino acid substitutions, tert-Leu10 (Tle10) and NMe-His12 substitutions were identified to be preferable modifications especially in combination. Compared with the previously reported [68Ga]Ga-TacBOMB2, the Tle10 and NMe-His12 derived [68Ga]Ga-LW01110 showed retained agonist characteristics and improved GRPR binding affinity (Ki = 7.62 vs 1.39 nM), in vivo stability (12.7 vs 89.0% intact tracer in mouse plasma at 15 min post-injection) and tumor uptake (5.95 vs 16.6 %ID/g at 1 h post-injection). CONCLUSIONS Unnatural amino acid substitution is an effective strategy to improve in vivo stability and tumor uptake of peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals. With excellent tumor uptake and tumor-to-background contrast, [68Ga]Ga-LW01110 is promising for detecting GRPR-expressing cancer lesions with PET. Since agonists can lead to internalization upon binding to receptors and foreseeable long tumor retention, our optimized GRPR-targeted sequence, [Tle10,NMe-His12,Thz14]Bombesin(7-14), is a promising template for use for the design of GRPR-targeted radiotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z1L3, Canada
| | - Hsiou-Ting Kuo
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z1L3, Canada
| | - Zhengxing Zhang
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z1L3, Canada
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z1L3, Canada
| | - Chao-Cheng Chen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z1L3, Canada
| | - Devon Chapple
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z1L3, Canada
| | - Ryan Wilson
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z1L3, Canada
| | - Nadine Colpo
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z1L3, Canada
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, V5Z4E6, Canada
| | - François Bénard
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z1L3, Canada
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, V5Z4E6, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z1M9, Canada
| | - Kuo-Shyan Lin
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z1L3, Canada.
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, V5Z4E6, Canada.
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z1M9, Canada.
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2
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Proniewicz E, Burnat G, Domin H, Małuch I, Makowska M, Prahl A. Application of Alanine Scanning to Determination of Amino Acids Essential for Peptide Adsorption at the Solid/Solution Interface and Binding to the Receptor: Surface-Enhanced Raman/Infrared Spectroscopy versus Bioactivity Assays. J Med Chem 2021; 64:8410-8422. [PMID: 34110823 PMCID: PMC8279479 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The article describes the application of the alanine-scanning technique used in combination with Raman, surface-enhanced Raman, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared, and surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopies, which allowed defining the role of individual amino acid residues in the C-terminal 6-14 fragment of the bombesin chain (BN6-14) on the path of its adsorption on the surface of Ag (AgNPs) and Au nanoparticles (AuNPs). A reliable analysis of the SEIRA spectra of these peptides was possible, thanks to a curve fitting of these spectra. By combining alanine-scanning with biological activity studies using cell lines overexpressing bombesin receptors and the intracellular inositol monophosphate assay, it was possible to determine which peptide side chains play a significant role in binding a peptide to membrane-bound G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Based on the analysis of spectral profiles and bioactivity results, conclusions for the specific peptide-metal and peptide-GPCR interactions were drawn and compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Proniewicz
- Faculty
of Foundry Engineering, AGH University of
Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Burnat
- Maj
Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Neurobiology, 31-343 Kraków, 12 Smętna Street, Poland
| | - Helena Domin
- Maj
Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Neurobiology, 31-343 Kraków, 12 Smętna Street, Poland
| | - Izabela Małuch
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marta Makowska
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Adam Prahl
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
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3
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Rečnik LM, Kandioller W, Mindt TL. 1,4-Disubstituted 1,2,3-Triazoles as Amide Bond Surrogates for the Stabilisation of Linear Peptides with Biological Activity. Molecules 2020; 25:E3576. [PMID: 32781656 PMCID: PMC7465391 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides represent an important class of biologically active molecules with high potential for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic agents due to their structural diversity, favourable pharmacokinetic properties, and synthetic availability. However, the widespread use of peptides and conjugates thereof in clinical applications can be hampered by their low stability in vivo due to rapid degradation by endogenous proteases. A promising approach to circumvent this potential limitation includes the substitution of metabolically labile amide bonds in the peptide backbone by stable isosteric amide bond mimetics. In this review, we focus on the incorporation of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles as amide bond surrogates in linear peptides with the aim to increase their stability without impacting their biological function(s). We highlight the properties of this heterocycle as a trans-amide bond surrogate and summarise approaches for the synthesis of triazole-containing peptidomimetics via the Cu(I)-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). The impacts of the incorporation of triazoles in the backbone of diverse peptides on their biological properties such as, e.g., blood serum stability and affinity as well as selectivity towards their respective molecular target(s) are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Maria Rečnik
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, General Hospital Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kandioller
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Thomas L. Mindt
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, General Hospital Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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4
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Hoppenz P, Els‐Heindl S, Beck‐Sickinger AG. Identification and stabilization of a highly selective gastrin‐releasing peptide receptor agonist. J Pept Sci 2019; 25:e3224. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.3224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Hoppenz
- Institute of BiochemistryLeipzig University Leipzig Germany
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5
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Tąta A, Szkudlarek A, Kim Y, Proniewicz E. Interaction of bombesin and its fragments with gold nanoparticles analyzed using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 173:251-256. [PMID: 27665193 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This work demonstrates the application of commercially available stable surface composed of gold nanograins with diameters ranging from 70 to 226nm deposited onto silicon wafer for surface-enhanced Raman scattering investigations of biologically active compounds, such as bombesin (BN) and its fragments. BN is an important neurotransmitter involved in a complex signaling pathways and biological responses; for instance, hypertensive action, contractive on uterus, colon or ileum, locomotor activity, stimulation of gastric and insulin secretion as well as growth promotion of various tumor cell lines, including: lung, prostate, stomach, colon, and breast. It has also been shown that 8-14 BN C-terminal fragment partially retains the biological activity of BN. The SERS results for BN and its fragment demonstrated that (1) three amino acids from these peptides sequence; i.e., l-histidine, l-methionine, and l-tryptophan, are involved in the interaction with gold coated silicon wafer and (2) the strength of these interactions depends upon the aforementioned amino acids position in the peptide sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Tąta
- Faculty of Foundry Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szkudlarek
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-055 Krakow, Poland
| | - Younkyoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin, Kyunggi-Do 449-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Edyta Proniewicz
- Faculty of Foundry Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
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6
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Mascarin A, Valverde IE, Mindt TL. Radiolabeled analogs of neurotensin (8–13) containing multiple 1,2,3-triazoles as stable amide bond mimics in the backbone. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6md00208k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Substitution of multiple amide bonds by metabolically stable 1,2,3-triazoles yields novel tumour-targeting neurotensin-based peptidomimetics with interesting biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Mascarin
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry
- University of Basel Hospital
- CH-4031 Basel
- Switzerland
| | - Ibai E. Valverde
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry
- University of Basel Hospital
- CH-4031 Basel
- Switzerland
| | - Thomas L. Mindt
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry
- University of Basel Hospital
- CH-4031 Basel
- Switzerland
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Applied Diagnostics
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7
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Valverde IE, Vomstein S, Fischer CA, Mascarin A, Mindt TL. Probing the Backbone Function of Tumor Targeting Peptides by an Amide-to-Triazole Substitution Strategy. J Med Chem 2015; 58:7475-84. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ibai E. Valverde
- Division
of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Basel Hospital, Petersgraben
4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Vomstein
- Division
of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Basel Hospital, Petersgraben
4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christiane A. Fischer
- Division
of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Basel Hospital, Petersgraben
4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alba Mascarin
- Division
of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Basel Hospital, Petersgraben
4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas L. Mindt
- Division
of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Basel Hospital, Petersgraben
4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
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8
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Adrover M, Sanchis P, Vilanova B, Pauwels K, Martorell G, Pérez JJ. Conformational ensembles of neuromedin C reveal a progressive coil-helix transition within a binding-induced folding mechanism. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra12753j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
NMR has been used to elucidate the folding pathway of neuromedin C and to characterize the architecture of the NMC–SDS micelle complex. Its C-terminal region is more prone to acquire an α-helical fold than the N-terminus, and it also binds to micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Adrover
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS)
- Departament de Química
- Universitat de les Illes Balears (UIB)
- Palma de Mallorca
- Spain
| | - Pilar Sanchis
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS)
- Departament de Química
- Universitat de les Illes Balears (UIB)
- Palma de Mallorca
- Spain
| | - Bartolomé Vilanova
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS)
- Departament de Química
- Universitat de les Illes Balears (UIB)
- Palma de Mallorca
- Spain
| | - Kris Pauwels
- Structural Biology Brussels
- Vrije Universiteit Brussels (VUB)
- 1050 Brussels
- Belgium
- Structural Biology Research Centre
| | - Gabriel Martorell
- Serveis Científico-Tècnics
- Universitat de les Illes Balears (UIB)
- Palma de Mallorca
- Spain
| | - Juan Jesús Pérez
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC)
- ETSEIB
- Barcelona
- Spain
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9
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Valverde IE, Huxol E, Mindt TL. Radiolabeled antagonistic bombesin peptidomimetics for tumor targeting. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2013; 57:275-8. [PMID: 24327435 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The replacement of amide bonds in the backbone of peptides by proteolytically stable 1,2,3-triazole isosteres can provide novel peptidomimetics with promising properties for the development of tumor-targeting radiopeptides. On the basis of our previous work with radiolabeled agonistic bombesin (BBN) derivatives of the sequence [Nle(14) ]BBN(7-14), we substituted selected amide bonds of the structurally closely related antagonistic peptide analog JMV594. With the exception of the C-terminal modification, amide-to-triazole substitutions tolerated by [Nle(14) ]BBN(7-14) without loss of biological function led to abolished receptor affinity in the case of JMV594. These findings provide an additional piece of evidence for the currently disputed differences in the modes of action of agonistic and antagonistic gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR)-targeting radiopeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibai E Valverde
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Basel Hospital, Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
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10
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Severino B, Incisivo GM, Fiorino F, Bertolino A, Frecentese F, Barbato F, Manganelli S, Maggioni G, Capasso D, Caliendo G, Santagada V, Sorrentino R, Roviezzo F, Perissutti E. Identification of a pepducin acting as S1P3 receptor antagonist. J Pept Sci 2013; 19:717-24. [PMID: 24133031 DOI: 10.1002/psc.2554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2013] [Revised: 08/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid with key functions in the immune, inflammatory, and cardiovascular systems. S1P exerts its action through the interaction with a family of five known G protein-coupled receptors, named S1P(1-5). Among them, S1P(3) has been implicated in the pathological processes of a number of diseases, including sepsis and cancer. KRX-725 (compound 1) is a pepducin that mimics the effects of S1P by triggering specifically S1P(3). Here, aiming to identify novel S1P(3) antagonists, we carried out an alanine scanning analysis to address the contribution of the side chains of each amino acid residue to the peptide function. Then, deleted peptides from both the C- and N-terminus were prepared in order to determine the minimal sequence for activity and to identify the structural requirements for agonistic and, possibly, antagonistic behaviors. The pharmacological results of the Ala-scan derived compounds (2-10) suggested a high tolerance of the pepducin 1 to amino acid substitutions. Importantly, the deleted peptide 16 has the ability to inhibit, in a dose-dependent manner, both pepducin 1-induced vasorelaxation and fibroblast proliferation. Finally, a computational analysis was performed on the prepared compounds, showing that the supposed antagonists 16 and 17 appeared to be aligned with each other but not with the others. These results suggested a correlation between specific conformations and activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Severino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
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11
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Valverde IE, Bauman A, Kluba CA, Vomstein S, Walter MA, Mindt TL. 1,2,3-Triazole als Mimetika der Amid-Bindung: Ein Triazol-Scan führt zu Protease-resistenten Peptidmimetika für das Tumor-Targeting. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201303108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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12
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Valverde IE, Bauman A, Kluba CA, Vomstein S, Walter MA, Mindt TL. 1,2,3-Triazoles as Amide Bond Mimics: Triazole Scan Yields Protease-Resistant Peptidomimetics for Tumor Targeting. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:8957-60. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201303108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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13
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Sharma P, Singh P, Bisetty K, Perez JJ. A computational study of Neuromedin B. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2011.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Podstawka E, Proniewicz LM. The Orientation of BN-Related Peptides Adsorbed on SERS-Active Silver Nanoparticles: Comparison with a Silver Electrode Surface. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:4978-85. [DOI: 10.1021/jp8110716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Podstawka
- Regional Laboratory of Physicochemical Analysis and Structural Research, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, ul. Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland, and Chemical Physics Division, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, ul. Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Leonard M. Proniewicz
- Regional Laboratory of Physicochemical Analysis and Structural Research, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, ul. Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland, and Chemical Physics Division, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, ul. Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
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15
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Tyndall JDA, Pfeiffer B, Abbenante G, Fairlie DP. Over One Hundred Peptide-Activated G Protein-Coupled Receptors Recognize Ligands with Turn Structure. Chem Rev 2005; 105:793-826. [PMID: 15755077 DOI: 10.1021/cr040689g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joel D A Tyndall
- Center for Drug Design and Development, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
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16
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Boyle RG, Humphries J, Mitchell T, Showell GA, Apaya R, Iijima H, Shimada H, Arai T, Ueno H, Usui Y, Sakaki T, Wada E, Wada K. The design of a new potent and selective ligand for the orphan bombesin receptor subtype 3 (BRS3). J Pept Sci 2005; 11:136-41. [PMID: 15635635 DOI: 10.1002/psc.599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Extensive SAR studies on the unselective BRS3 agonist, [H-D-Phe6,beta-Ala11,Phe13,Nle14]-bombesin-(6-14)-nonapeptide amide, have highlighted structural features important for BRS3 activity and have provided guidance as to the design of selective agonists. A radically modified heptapeptide agonist, maintaining only the Trp-Ala moiety of the parent [H-D-Phe6,betaAla11,Phe13,Nle14]-peptide amide, and with a very different carboxyl terminal region, has been produced which was potent at BRS3 and essentially had no NMB or GRP receptor activity. Its structure is Ac-Phe-Trp-Ala-His(tauBzl)-Nip-Gly-Arg-NH2.
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17
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Weber D, Berger C, Heinrich T, Eickelmann P, Antel J, Kessler H. Systematic optimization of a lead-structure identities for a selective short peptide agonist for the human orphan receptor BRS-3. J Pept Sci 2002; 8:461-75. [PMID: 12212809 DOI: 10.1002/psc.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The orphan receptor, human bombesin receptor subtype 3 (BRS-3) was assigned to the G-protein coupled bombesin receptor family because of its high sequence homology with the neuromedin B receptor (NMB-R) and gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRP-R). Since its pharmacology is stiIl unknown, new highly potent and selective tool-substances are needed, that may be able to elucidate its possible role in obesity and cancer. We have performed structure activity relationship studies on the high affinity peptide agonists [D-Phe6,beta-Ala11,Phe13,Nle14]Bn(6-14) and [D-Phe6,Phe13]Bn(6-13)propylamide, using their ability to mobilize intracellular calcium in BRS-3 transfected CHOGa-16 cells combined with receptor binding studies. It was demonstrated that for [D-Phe,beta-Ala11,Phe13,Nle14]Bn(6-14) the side chains of the residues Trp8 and Phe13, and to a smaller extent beta-Ala11, are the important amino acid side chains for receptor activation and binding, however for [D-Phe6,Phe13]Bn(6-13) propylamide His12 seems to be more important than Phe13. C-and N-terminal deletions and amino acid substitutions allowed further understanding. It was demonstrated that substitution of His 12 by Tyr leads to a high selectivity towards GRP-R. Using the acquired information, a small tetrapeptide library was designed with compounds presenting Trp and Phe at varying stereochemistry and distances, which led to the discovery of the lead-structure H-D-Phe-Gln-D-Trp-Phe-NH2. Systematic SAR revealed the important structural features of this peptide, C-terminal optimization resulted in the highly active and selective BRS-3 agonist H-D-Phe-Gln-D-Trp-1-(2-phenylethyl)amide. In summary, the size of the peptide was reduced from 8 or 9 amino acids to a tripeptide for BRS-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Weber
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
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18
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Herrero S, García-López MT, Latorre M, Cenarruzabeitia E, Del Río J, Herranz R. 2-Oxopiperazine-based gamma-turn conformationally constrained peptides: synthesis of CCK-4 analogues. J Org Chem 2002; 67:3866-73. [PMID: 12027705 DOI: 10.1021/jo0256336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
2-Oxopiperazine derivatives 1 have been designed as mimetics of gamma-turn conformationally constrained tripeptides. The synthetic pathway devised for the preparation of both epimers of 1 at C(5) involves a reductive amination of cyanomethyleneamino pseudopeptides with amino acid derivatives, followed by regiospecific lactamization of the resulting C-backbone branched pseudopeptides. The versatility of this methodology is illustrated in the synthesis of analogues of the tetrapeptides Boc-[Nle(31)]-CCK-4 and Boc-[Lys(o-tolylaminocarbonyl)(31)]-CCK-4. The introduction of the new conformational restriction into these Boc-CCK-4 analogues led to a loss of 2 or 3 orders of magnitude in the affinity at CCK receptors. These results suggest the absence of a gamma-turn in the bioactive conformation of the C-terminal tripeptide of CCK-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Herrero
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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Darker JG, Brough SJ, Heath J, Smart D. Discovery of potent and selective peptide agonists at the GRP-preferring bombesin receptor (BB2). J Pept Sci 2001; 7:598-605. [PMID: 11763364 DOI: 10.1002/psc.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Analogues of the nonselective bombesin receptor synthetic agonist H-D-Phe-Gln-Trp-Ala-Val-betaAla-His-Phe-Nle-NH2 were prepared and their biological activity assessed at the NMB-preferring/bombesin receptor (NMB-R: BB1), the GRP-preferring/bombesin receptor (GRP-R: BB2) and the orphan receptor bombesin receptor subtype-3 (BRS-3; BB3). Progressive N-terminal deletions identified the minimum C-terminal sequences required for maintaining a significant agonist effect, whilst an alanine scan, targeted changes in stereochemistry and other pertinent substitutions identified key side-chain and stereochemical requirements for activation. Key structural elements required for functional potency at BB1 BB2 and BB3, and for selectivity between these receptor subtypes were established. Synthetic peptides were discovered. which were highly potent agonists at BB2 and extremely selective over both BB1 and BB3.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Darker
- Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, New Frontiers Science Park, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex CM 19 5AW, UK.
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Abstract
The solution structure of neuromedin B (NMB) was investigated using two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in membrane-mimicking environments. NMB adopts a relaxed helical conformation from Trp(4) to Met(10) in 50% aqueous 2,2, 2-trifluoroethanol (TFE) solution and in 150 mM SDS micelles. Sidechain atoms of the three residues, Trp(4), His(8) and Phe(9) orient toward the same direction and these residues might play a key role on interacting with hydrophobic acyl chains of the phospholipids in the membrane. NOESY experiments performed on NMB in non-deuterated SDS micelle show that aromatic ring protons of Trp(4) and Phe(9) residues are in close contact with methylene protons of SDS micelles. In addition, proton longitudinal relaxation data proved that the interactions between NMB with SDS micelle are characterized as extrinsic interaction. Trp(4) and Phe(9) seem to be important in interaction with receptor and this agrees with the previous studies of structure-activity relationship (Howell, D.C. et al. (1996) Int. J. Pept. Protein Res. 48, 522-531). These conformational features might be helpful in understanding the molecular mechanism of the function of NMB and developing the efficient drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
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