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Yang H, Yan Z, Zhang Z, Realivazquez A, Ma B, Liu Y. Anti-caries vaccine based on clinical cold-adapted influenza vaccine: A promising alternative for scientific and public-health protection against dental caries. Med Hypotheses 2019; 126:42-45. [PMID: 31010498 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Dental caries remains one of the most pervasive infectious disease around the world. Protection against dental caries can be achieved experimentally by eliciting salivary IgA targeting surficial antigens of S. mutans, however, no such a vaccine has been launched for human use yet. Live vectored vaccines hold the greatest feasibility to induce potent and long-lasting immunity in the host. The FDA approved intranasal cold-adapted influenza vaccine has been used in clinical settings for many years. The vaccine can not only induce broad adaptive immune responses especially mucosal immunity, but the member strains can also circumvent existing immunity, presenting promising candidates for live vectored anti-caries vaccine. Moreover, the genetic techniques for modification of cold-adapted influenza viruses are well developed and widely applicable. Thus, we hypothesize that effective anti-caries vaccine can be developed with the backbone of cold-adapted influenza viruses by inserting specific antigenic identifier sequences of S. mutans into the viral genome, which is anticipated to protect against dental caries in humans with easy inoculation. The immune efficacies of recombinant cold-adapted influenza viruses expressing exogenous antigens have been verified by in vivo experiments for multiple infectious diseases, giving us great confidence to validate the safety properties and protection effect with this chimeric vaccine in animals or even humans. Existing data suggests that the live anti-caries vaccine may help improve public oral health by controlling the caries disease itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatological Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510140, PR China
| | - Zhonghai Yan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Zijian Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Adilene Realivazquez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Binger Ma
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatological Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510140, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, PR China.
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Zhao K, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Shi C, Wang X, Wang X, Jin Z, Cui S. Chitosan-coated poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid nanoparticles as an efficient delivery system for Newcastle disease virus DNA vaccine. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:4609-19. [PMID: 25356070 PMCID: PMC4207079 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s70633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We determined the efficacy and safety of chitosan (CS)-coated poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid
(PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) as a delivery system for a vaccine to protect chickens against Newcastle
disease virus (NDV). The newly constructed vaccine contained DNA (the F gene) of NDV. The Newcastle
disease virus (NDV) F gene deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) plasmid (pFDNA)-CS/PLGA-NPs were spherical
(diameter =699.1±5.21 nm [mean ± standard deviation]) and smooth,
with an encapsulation efficiency of 98.1% and a Zeta potential of +6.35 mV. An in vitro release
assay indicated that CS controlled the burst release of plasmid DNA, such that up to 67.4% of the
entire quantity of plasmid DNA was steadily released from the pFDNA-CS/PLGA-NPs. An in vitro
expression assay indicated that the expression of nanoparticles (NPs) was maintained in the NPs. In
an immunization test with specific pathogen-free chickens, the pFDNA-CS/PLGA-NPs induced stronger
cellular, humoral, and mucosal immune responses than the plasmid DNA vaccine alone. The
pFDNA-CS/PLGA-NPs did not harm 293T cells in an in vitro assay and did not harm chickens in an in
vivo assay. Overall, the results indicated that CS-coated PLGA NPs can serve as an efficient and
safe mucosal immune delivery system for NDV DNA vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhao
- Laboratory of Microbiology, School of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Laboratory of Microbiology, School of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, People's Republic of China ; Division of Swine Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Laboratory of Microbiology, School of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ci Shi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, School of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, People's Republic of China ; Division of Swine Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Laboratory of Microbiology, School of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Laboratory of Microbiology, School of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process and Technology for High-efficiency Conversion, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangjin Cui
- Division of Swine Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin, People's Republic of China
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Mutans streptococcal infection induces salivary antibody to virulence proteins and associated functional domains. Infect Immun 2008; 76:3606-13. [PMID: 18474645 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00214-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The interplay between mucosal immune responses to natural exposure to mutans streptococci and the incorporation and accumulation of these cariogenic microorganisms in oral biofilms is unclear. An initial approach to explore this question would be to assess the native secretory immunity emerging as a consequence of Streptococcus mutans infection. To this end, we analyzed salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibody to mutans streptococcal glucosyltransferase (Gtf) and glucan binding protein B (GbpB) and to domains associated with enzyme function and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II binding in two experiments. Salivas were collected from approximately 45-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats, which were then infected with S. mutans SJ32. Infection was verified and allowed to continue for 2 to 2.5 months. Salivas were again collected following the infection period. Pre- and postinfection salivas were then analyzed for IgA antibody activity using peptide- or protein-coated microsphere Luminex technology. S. mutans infection induced significant levels of salivary IgA antibody to Gtf (P < 0.002) and GbpB (P < 0.001) in both experiments, although the levels were usually far lower than the levels achieved when mucosal immunization is used. Significantly (P < 0.035 to P < 0.001) elevated levels of postinfection salivary IgA antibody to 6/10 Gtf peptides associated with either enzyme function or MHC binding were detected. The postinfection levels of antibody to two GbpB peptides in the N-terminal region of the six GbpB peptides assayed were also elevated (P < 0.031 and P < 0.001). Interestingly, the patterns of the rodent response to GbpB peptides were similar to the patterns seen in salivas from young children during their initial exposure to S. mutans. Thus, the presence of a detectable postinfection salivary IgA response to mutans streptococcal virulence-associated components, coupled with the correspondence between rat and human mucosal immune responsiveness to naturally presented Gtf and GbpB epitopes, suggests that the rat may be a useful model for defining mucosal responses that could be expected in humans. Under controlled infection conditions, such a model could prove to be helpful for unraveling relationships between the host response and oral biofilm development.
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Zhao H, Wu B, Wu H, Su L, Pang J, Yang T, Liu Y. Protective immunity in rats by intranasal immunization with Streptococcus mutans glucan-binding protein D encapsulated into chitosan-coated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres. Biotechnol Lett 2006; 28:1299-304. [PMID: 16804764 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-006-9086-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2006] [Accepted: 04/26/2006] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant Streptococcus mutans glucan-binding protein D (rGbpD) was incorporated into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres which then were surface-coated with chitosan. The microspheres, with a mean diameter of ca. 1.8 microm, were intranasally administered in rats. There were elevated salivary immunoglobulin A and serum immunoglobulin G antibody responses to rGbpD, as well as lower molar caries scores in immunized animals as compared to sham immunized ones. The chitosan-coated PLGA microspheres are thus potentially useful for antigen delivery in dental caries vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongping Zhao
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, College of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, P.R. China
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