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Miola MP, Lopes AG, Silva AP, Gomes EGC, Machado LAF, Veloso WA, Costa CA, Fachini RM, Ricci Junior O, Brandão de Mattos CC, de Mattos LC. Hematopoietic Chimera in a Male Blood Donor and His Dizygotic Twin Sister. Transfus Med Hemother 2019; 46:276-281. [PMID: 31700510 DOI: 10.1159/000495583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Twin hematopoietic chimera in humans is a phenomenon that was discovered accidentally and the prevalence of which remains unclear. The resolution of chimera cases requires studying family medical records, data analysis, and investigations of hematopoietic cells and cells from other tissues. The interactions among ABO, Lewis, and secretor histo-blood group systems are explored to resolve cases of hematopoietic chimera. Here we report a rare case of hematopoietic chimera where twins present a mixed field reaction in the ABO, Rh, and Kidd red blood cell phenotyping. Using red blood cells separated from the mixed field as well as molecular approaches and investigations of family members, we identify inconsistent genotypes with the Mendelian inheritance pattern when comparing the peripheral blood with the buccal epithelium of the male twin and his twin sister. Analysis of the ABO, Lewis, and secretor phenotypes, and genomic DNA from buccal epithelium showed the genotypes ABO*A1.01/ABO*B.01 and FUT2*01N.02/ FUT2*01N.02 in the male twin and the genotypes ABO*O.01.01/ABO*O.01.02 and FUT2*01/FUT2*01 in the female twin. The results of the HLA-DRB1 genotyping showed inconsistency between the male and his twin sister. We conclude that the serological analyses combined with molecular approaches used in this study are good tools to resolve cases of hematopoietic chimera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos P Miola
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical School of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Alessandro G Lopes
- Department of Biology, Instituto de Biociências, Letras, Ciências Exatas (IBILCE), Campus de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Alessandra P Silva
- Department of Special Services, Hemotherapy Service, Marinha do Brasil, Hospital Naval Marcílio Dias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Edney G C Gomes
- Department of Special Services, Hemotherapy Service, Marinha do Brasil, Hospital Naval Marcílio Dias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leticia A F Machado
- Department of Special Services, Hemotherapy Service, Marinha do Brasil, Hospital Naval Marcílio Dias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wanessa A Veloso
- Department of Special Services, Hemotherapy Service, Marinha do Brasil, Hospital Naval Marcílio Dias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Costa
- Department of Special Services, Hemotherapy Service, Marinha do Brasil, Hospital Naval Marcílio Dias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Roberta M Fachini
- Department of Medicine, Medical School of São Jose do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Octávio Ricci Junior
- Department of Medicine, Medical School of São Jose do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Cinara C Brandão de Mattos
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical School of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos de Mattos
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical School of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
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Affiliation(s)
- A. K. Hult
- Division of Laboratory Medicine; Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine; Office of Medical Services; Lund Sweden
- Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine; Department of Laboratory Medicine; Lund University; Lund Sweden
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Sharpe C, Lane D, Cote J, Hosseini-Maaf B, Goldman M, Olsson ML, Hult AK. Mixed field reactions in ABO and Rh typing chimerism likely resulting from twin haematopoiesis. BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2014; 12:608-10. [PMID: 24887220 PMCID: PMC4212043 DOI: 10.2450/2014.0261-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Sharpe
- Canadian Blood Services, National Immunohaematology Reference Laboratory, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Debra Lane
- Canadian Blood Services, Diagnostic Services Laboratory, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Jacqueline Cote
- Canadian Blood Services, National Immunohaematology Reference Laboratory, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Bahram Hosseini-Maaf
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University and Regional Laboratories, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mindy Goldman
- Canadian Blood Services, National Immunohaematology Reference Laboratory, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Martin L. Olsson
- Division of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Annika K. Hult
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University and Regional Laboratories, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
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Priddle H, Jones DRE, Burridge PW, Patient R. Hematopoiesis from Human Embryonic Stem Cells: Overcoming the Immune Barrier in Stem Cell Therapies. Stem Cells 2009; 24:815-24. [PMID: 16306149 DOI: 10.1634/stemcells.2005-0356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The multipotency and proliferative capacity of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) make them a promising source of stem cells for transplant therapies and of vital importance given the shortage in organ donation. Recent studies suggest some immune privilege associated with hESC-derived tissues. However, the adaptability of the immune system makes it unlikely that fully differentiated tissues will permanently evade immune rejection. One promising solution is to induce a state of immune tolerance to a hESC line using tolerogenic hematopoietic cells derived from it. This could provide acceptance of other differentiated tissues from the same line. However, this approach will require efficient multilineage hematopoiesis from hESCs. This review proposes that more efficient differentiation of hESCs to the tolerogenic cell types required is most likely to occur through applying knowledge gained of the ontogeny of complex regulatory signals used by the embryo for definitive hematopoietic development in vivo. Stepwise formation of mesoderm, induction of definitive hematopoietic stem cells, and the application of factors key to their self-renewal may improve in vitro production both quantitatively and qualitatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Priddle
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Human Development, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom.
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Abstract
Human spontaneous chimerism, with one body built from cells of both twins of a dizygotic (DZ) pair, is supposed to be extremely rare, arising from the exchange of blood cells through placental anastomoses. Mosaicism is supposed to be far more common, arising from single zygotes by embryonic mutation. Because typical diagnosis of mosaicism can neither identify nor exclude chimerism, 'mosaicism' may often be chimerism undiscovered. Evidence shows chimerism arises primarily from DZ embryo fusion and is not rare, although it has negligible probability under the hypothesis of independent double ovulation and independent embryogenesis. If, instead, DZ twin embryos begin development as a single cell mass, chimerism is likely. This would be consistent with observations that DZ twins develop as differently from singletons as monozygotic twins do with regard to embryogenic establishment of asymmetries of midline neural-crest-driven structures of brain, face and heart. Chimerism is a significant component of human embryonic development that deserves closer attention as a mechanism of developmental variation. The 'common knowledge' understanding of twinning mechanisms is at best inadequate. The importance of the difference lies in what we can learn from chimerism about human embryogenesis and the cellular origins of structures and functions basic to the business of becoming human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E Boklage
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Developmental Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, 3N72 Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville NC 27834, USA.
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Quigley DI, Sailus J, Kaiser-Rogers K, Rao KW, Calikoglu M, Gold S, McCandless SE. A clinical report of a patient with two abnormal cell lines: 46,XX,del(21)(q22.1) and 47,XX,+3. Am J Med Genet A 2005; 132A:101-5. [PMID: 15580640 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.30419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Mosaicism for two chromosomally abnormal cell lines in the absence of a normal cell line is exceedingly rare. We report a patient with developmental and growth delay, mild dysmorphic features, a history of hypertension and hepatoblastoma who was found to be mosaic for two chromosomally abnormal cell lines. The cell lines, one containing a terminally deleted chromosome 21, the other trisomy 3, were found in her blood. Fibroblasts and hepatoblastoma tumor cells revealed only the presence of the deleted 21 cell line. Microsatellite marker analysis suggests a mosaic rather than chimeric etiology for the cell lines. This case is exceptional in that the presence of either of these two cell lines alone is uncommon; finding both of these cell lines in an individual appears to be unique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise I Quigley
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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Shields LE, Lindton B, Andrews RG, Westgren M. Fetal hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a challenge for the twenty-first century. JOURNAL OF HEMATOTHERAPY & STEM CELL RESEARCH 2002; 11:617-31. [PMID: 12201950 DOI: 10.1089/15258160260194767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Successful in utero hematopoietic stem cell transplantation will likely represent a major step forward in the management of patients with congenital hematological, metabolic, and immunological disorders. We review the naturally occurring models of hematopoietic chimerism in animals and humans, as well as available experimental animal data and human clinical attempts of fetal transplantation. Data available from naturally occurring models and experimental models of fetal transplantation suggest that this technique should be translatable to the human fetus. However, to date, the success of human fetal hematopoietic stem cell therapy has been limited to fetuses with severe immunologic defects. Evaluation of successful attempts of human transplantation, the ontogeny of fetal immune development, and data available from animals provide insights into innovative approaches to fetal therapy that may bring the reality of successful fetal transplantation closer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence E Shields
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle WA 98195-6460, USA.
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