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Edwards ARA, Thorpe R, Masser BM, Barlow FK. 'Yeah, this is my donation': An application of psychological ownership in blood donation. J Health Psychol 2024:13591053241254581. [PMID: 38867414 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241254581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
To meet the priority healthcare needs of any population there must be a consistently available blood supply donated by willing donors. Due to this universal need for blood, retaining blood donors remains an ongoing challenge for blood services internationally. Encouraging psychological ownership, or the feeling of ownership one experiences over a possession, provides a potential novel solution to donor retention. This study, based on semi-structured interviews with blood donors, investigates how donors perceive and develop psychological ownership in the context of blood donation. Interviews were conducted in Australia with 20 current blood donors (10 men, 10 women; Mage = 41.95). Through thematic analysis, six themes were identified based primarily on the theoretical framework of psychological ownership. This research offers a novel perspective on donor retention, suggesting that donors' ownership over their individual donation practices, and not the blood service, may contribute to maintaining a stable blood supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail R-A Edwards
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Rachel Thorpe
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Barbara M Masser
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Behaviour, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fiona Kate Barlow
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
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2
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Thijsen A, Masser B, Davison TE, Williamson A. Researchers' views on and practices of knowledge translation: an international survey of transfusion medicine researchers. Implement Sci Commun 2024; 5:9. [PMID: 38217052 PMCID: PMC10787432 DOI: 10.1186/s43058-024-00546-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health research is often driven by the desire to improve the care and health of the community; however, the translation of research evidence into policy and practice is not guaranteed. Knowledge translation (KT) activities, such as dissemination and end-user engagement by researchers, are important to achieving this goal. This study examined researchers' views on and practices of KT in the field of transfusion medicine. METHODS An anonymous, cross-sectional survey was distributed to transfusion medicine researchers in May 2022 by emailing corresponding authors of papers in four major blood journals, emailing grant recipients, posting on social media, and through international blood operator networks. Comparative analyses were conducted for career stage, work setting, research type, and KT training. RESULTS The final sample included 117 researchers from 33 countries. Most participants reported that research translation was important (86%) and felt it was their responsibility (69%). Fewer than half felt they had the skills to translate their research (45%) or knew which strategies to employ (45%). When examining how research findings are shared, most reported using diffusion activities (86%), including publishing in peer-reviewed journals (74%), or presenting at academic conferences (72%). Fewer used dissemination methods (60%), such as developing educational materials (29%) or writing plain language summaries (30%). Greater use of tailored dissemination strategies was seen among researchers with KT training, whilst traditional diffusion strategies were used more by those working in an academic setting. Most participants had engaged end-users in their research (72%), primarily to consult on a research component (47%) or to involve them in the research process (45%). End-user engagement was greater among researchers with established careers, working in both academic and applied settings, and with KT training. CONCLUSIONS Whilst participating researchers acknowledged the importance of KT, they typically focused on traditional diffusion strategies. This is despite well-established knowledge of the limited impact of these strategies in achieving KT. Those with KT training were more likely to use tailored dissemination strategies and engage end-users in their research. This demonstrates the value of sharing knowledge from the KT field with health researchers to facilitate KT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Thijsen
- School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
- Research & Development, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Barbara Masser
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Research & Development, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Tanya Ellen Davison
- Research & Innovation, Silver Chain, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash Art, Design and Architecture, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anna Williamson
- School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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3
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Kruse SP, Nguyen L, Karki S, Thorpe R, Davison TE. "Please help us with important research": A retrospective analysis examining the impact of research invitation and participation on subsequent blood donor behavior. Transfusion 2022; 62:2086-2094. [PMID: 36082532 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As over-communication can negatively impact consumer behavior, it is important to understand the impact of research communication on donors' future donation behavior. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of (i) being invited to participate in research, and (ii) participating in that research, on future donation behavior. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted with 36,418 donors who were invited to participate in one of 17 research projects, and a matched control group of 36,252 non-invited donors. Poisson regression models were used to examine the associations between invitation or participation in the studies and the likelihood of creating an appointment to donate and attending an appointment at 1, 3, and 6 months. RESULTS Donors were significantly more likely to create an appointment within 14 days of receiving an invitation compared to controls (RR: 1.91, 95% CI 1.81-2.02), and to return to donate at 1 (RR:1.18, 95% CI 1.13-1.24), 3 (RR:1.10, 95% CI 1.07-1.13) and 6 (RR:1.11, 95% CI 1.09-1.13) months compared to non-invited controls. Donors who participated in the research were more likely to return than control donors at all time points, while donors who were invited but did not participate were also likely to return more at 1 month (RR:1.06, 95% CI 1.00-1.11) and 6 months (RR:1.03, 95% CI 1.00-1.5) than non-invited controls. DISCUSSION Our findings suggest that research participation is positively associated with future donor behavior and provides reassurance that contacting donors for research does not negatively impact blood collections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah P Kruse
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lilly Nguyen
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Surendra Karki
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Kennington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rachel Thorpe
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tanya E Davison
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Monash Art, Design and Architecture, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Prinsze FJ, de Groot R, Timmer TC, Zalpuri S, van den Hurk K. Donation-induced iron depletion is significantly associated with low hemoglobin at subsequent donations. Transfusion 2021; 61:3344-3352. [PMID: 34596892 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood donation is associated with a loss of hemoglobin (Hb)-bound iron. Hb levels recover relatively fast by using stored iron. However, it takes more time to replenish iron stores, potentially resulting in iron deficiency. STUDY DESIGN Hb and ferritin levels were measured in 5056 new, first-time, and repeat whole blood donors. We investigated whether increasing numbers of donations are associated with lower ferritin levels. Furthermore, we tested whether low ferritin levels are associated with low-Hb deferral at the subsequent donation attempt by performing logistic regression adjusted for age and stratified by sex. RESULTS Whereas mean Hb levels are relatively stable, ferritin levels significantly decrease with increasing numbers of donations and were approximately 50% lower for donors with >50 donations compared with those with 2-10 donations. Despite the poor correlation of ferritin and Hb levels, cross-sectional, iron-deficient donors (ferritin <15 ng/ml) had 21.8 (8.5-55.6) higher odds in men, 10.1 (6.1-16.5) in premenopausal women, and 11.7 (5.2-26.4) in postmenopausal women for Hb deferral at a subsequent visit. DISCUSSION To conclude, repeated donations may induce iron deficiency, which corresponds with an over tenfold increased risk of having insufficiently restored Hb levels at a subsequent donation attempt. Longer donation intervals and/or higher dietary or supplemental iron intake are warranted to prevent accumulated iron depletion and subsequent low-Hb deferral in whole blood donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femmeke J Prinsze
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Donor Studies, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rosa de Groot
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Donor Studies, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tiffany C Timmer
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Donor Studies, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Saurabh Zalpuri
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Donor Studies, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,UCB Pharma, Real World Evidence, Breda, the Netherlands
| | - Katja van den Hurk
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Donor Studies, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Greffin K, Muehlan H, Tomczyk S, Suemnig A, Schmidt S, Greinacher A. In the Mood for a Blood Donation? Pilot Study about Momentary Mood, Satisfaction, and Return Behavior in Deferred First-Time Donors. Transfus Med Hemother 2021; 48:220-227. [PMID: 34539315 DOI: 10.1159/000514016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction To maintain a sufficient donor pool, deferred first-time donors (FTD) should be motivated to return for blood donation. This pilot study investigates how deferral affects momentary mood, satisfaction with the donation process, and subsequent return behavior to examine their potential for motivating (deferred) FTD. Methods All of the subjects (n = 96) completed a first questionnaire (A1) before pre-donation assessment. Deferred FTD (n = 22) were asked to complete a second questionnaire (A2) immediately after deferral, while non-deferred FTD (n = 74) filled in the second questionnaire (A3) after blood donation. The impact of deferral, momentary mood, and satisfaction with the donation process on return behavior within 12 months was tested by calculating two path analyses, controlling for sex and age. Results Mood (p < 0.001) and satisfaction with social aspects of the donation process (p = 0.01) were decreased after deferral. Deferred FTD were less likely than non-deferred FTD to return to the blood donation center within 12 months (60.8 vs. 36.4%; p = 0.043). However, path analyses revealed that deferral effects on mood and satisfaction were not connected to return behavior. Instead, age had a significant influence on return behavior (p < 0.05) such that, overall, non-returning FTD were older than returning FTD, regardless of their deferral status. Conclusion Our findings suggest that mood and satisfaction with the donation process are directly affected by deferral but not clearly responsible for low return rates. It seems promising to embed these variables in established health behavior models in further studies to increase the return rates of deferred FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Greffin
- Department of Psychology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Holger Muehlan
- Department of Psychology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Samuel Tomczyk
- Department of Psychology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Silke Schmidt
- Department of Psychology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Andreas Greinacher
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Using Digital Platforms to Promote Blood Donation: Motivational and Preliminary Evidence from Latin America and Spain. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18084270. [PMID: 33920606 PMCID: PMC8073325 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The lack of blood donors is a global problem that prevents the demand for blood prompted by an ageing population and increased life expectancy from being met. The aim of this study was to conduct an initial exploration of the reasons for using digital platforms in blood donation. Using a Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) framework, microdata for 389 participants from Latin American countries and Spain, and Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM), the study obtained three main prediction paths. The first two started from feelings of trust in the digital community and a positive mood state associated with a modern lifestyle, and they were linked to attitudes and behavioural control in the explanation of the intention to donate and actual blood donation. The third path started from modern lifestyles, and was linked to the subjective norm in the prediction of intention and actual donation. These paths represent one of the very first attempts to predict intentions of donation and collaborative donation by taking a PLS-SEM approach. By determining the paths underpinning collaborative blood donors' motives, the results of this study provide strong support for the usefulness of the TPB model within the context of digital platform use and blood donation.
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7
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Greffin K, Schmidt S, Schönborn L, Muehlan H. "Blood for Blood"? Personal Motives and Deterrents for Blood Donation in the German Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:4238. [PMID: 33923586 PMCID: PMC8072955 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
It is crucial to provide updated knowledge about blood (non-)donors, as it is necessary to design targeted interventions with the aim of retaining blood donors and thus contributing to a functioning health system. This study investigates the prevalence and socio-demographic patterning of lifetime blood donation, assessing blood donation intention within the next 12 months and exploring personal motives and deterrents of blood donation qualitatively in the German population. A face-to-face cross-sectional survey with 2531 respondents was conducted, representative of the German population in terms of age, gender, and residency. Closed as well as open questions were asked. Qualitative content analysis was used for coding the qualitative material. Basic descriptive statistics were conducted to address our research questions. More than one-third of the participants reported that they have donated blood at least once in their lifetime. Motives and deterrents were assigned to 10 domains with 50 main categories and 65 sub-categories. The most frequently stated motives for blood donation were "altruism", "social responsibility", and "charity", whereas the most frequently stated deterrents were "health status", "age", and "lack of time". This study provides information to tailor recruitment and reactivation strategies to address donors at different career steps-from non-donor to loyal donor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Greffin
- Department of Psychology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (S.S.); (H.M.)
| | - Silke Schmidt
- Department of Psychology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (S.S.); (H.M.)
| | - Linda Schönborn
- Institute for Immunology & Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany;
| | - Holger Muehlan
- Department of Psychology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (S.S.); (H.M.)
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8
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Guglielmetti Mugion R, Pasca MG, Di Di Pietro L, Renzi MF. Promoting the propensity for blood donation through the understanding of its determinants. BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:127. [PMID: 33550982 PMCID: PMC7868170 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-06134-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The paper aims to understand the main antecedents related to the blood donation propensity related to both donors and non-donors. With our research, we will analyse the two perspectives to identify similarities and differences concentrating on the Italian context. Blood is a vital resource that strongly affects every national healthcare system's efficacy and sustainability and the system's ability to achieve the goal of universal coverage. METHODS The purpose of this paper is to understand the main antecedents of citizens' blood donation intention and the propensity to encourage communication about blood donation among both donors and non-donors. The Theory of Planned Behaviour is adopted as a theoretical lens. An empirical investigation was performed in Italy, adopting a mixed methods research design. First, a qualitative analysis was carried out through 30 in-depth interviews. Then, a survey was used to quantitatively investigate the intention to donate among both donors (N = 173) and non-donors (N = 87). A conceptual model was developed and tested through Structural Equation Modelling, developing a multi-group approach. RESULTS The present study confirms the relations proposed by the Theory of Planned Behaviour, even though some differences between the two groups are shown. The construct Information and Communication is crucial for donors, non-donors, whereas for non-donor inhibitors is vital. Service quality has an impact on the propensity to recommend and communicate the value of blood donation. CONCLUSION This paper reveals the main differences between donor and non-donor perspectives. Fruitful insights for enhancing blood donation awareness are provided.
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9
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Thorpe R, Nguyen L, Masser BM, Van Dyke N, Davison TE. Gone, but haven't forgotten: insights on plasmapheresis donation from lapsed donors. Vox Sang 2020; 116:281-287. [PMID: 32966699 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Blood Collection Agencies in several countries have implemented strategies to increase the number of plasmapheresis collections. Despite this, a sizable minority of plasma donors lapse from donation each year, with little research conducted on this topic. An understanding of the plasma donation experience from the perspective of lapsed donors, insights into why they stopped donating and their views on returning to donate may provide opportunities to intervene to increase the retention and reactivation of plasma donors. MATERIALS AND METHODS A qualitative approach was used in this study, with 17 lapsed plasma donors (no plasma donation for at least 13 months) interviewed. A purposive recruitment strategy was used to obtain a sample with diversity in gender (47% men), age (M = 36·2 years, SD = 13·6) and donation experience (M = 9·2 years, SD = 9·6). Semi-structured, narrative interviews were conducted, with participants describing their plasma donation careers chronologically from first donation to most recent. RESULTS The majority of participants described at least some aspect of the plasma donation procedure as unpleasant. However, adverse experiences were only attributed to lapsing in a minority of cases, with other participants reporting significant life events, perceived ineligibility and concerns about the safety of the procedure as the reason why they lapsed. CONCLUSION It is common for lapsed plasma donors to intend to donate again in the future. Recommendations are given for strategies to address barriers to returning, noting the potential role of tailored education and support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Thorpe
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood (Formerly Australian Red Cross Blood Service), Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lilly Nguyen
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood (Formerly Australian Red Cross Blood Service), Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Barbara M Masser
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood Chair in Donor Research, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Nina Van Dyke
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood (Formerly Australian Red Cross Blood Service), Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tanya E Davison
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood (Formerly Australian Red Cross Blood Service), Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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10
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Thorpe R, Masser BM, Nguyen L, Davison TE. Understanding donation frequency: insights from current plasma donors. Vox Sang 2019; 115:174-181. [PMID: 31845332 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Encouraging existing plasma donors to donate more frequently is a key objective for blood donation services committed to expanding yield through voluntary non-remunerated plasmapheresis donation. This requires an understanding of donors' perspectives on their current donation practice and how this relates to their knowledge and beliefs about the need for plasma. To explore this, Australian plasma donors were interviewed about how they arrived at the frequency at which they donate. MATERIALS AND METHODS Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with 105 Australian plasmapheresis donors. RESULTS Key themes identified were as follows: fitting donation into busy lives and how ideas about being an ongoing donor and the institutional context shaped their perspective on frequency; perceptions of the impact of donation on health; and wanting to make a greater contribution. CONCLUSION Experienced plasma donors work to maintain a donation practice in the context of busy lives often by adopting a flexible approach to donation frequency. Their knowledge of the contribution their donations make is key to their continued donation, yet most identified constraints to donating more frequently. Health concerns were a particular concern for some, and more research is needed to understand donors' perspectives on the impact of donating on their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Thorpe
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Barbara M Masser
- Australian Red Cross Blood Services Chair in Donor Research, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, Australia
| | - Lilly Nguyen
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Tanya E Davison
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
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11
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Romero-Domínguez L, Martín-Santana JD, Beerli-Palacio A. Segmenting Active Blood Donors According to Their Barriers to Develop Retention Programs. Transfus Med Rev 2019; 33:176-182. [PMID: 31326269 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Given the lack of a consensus on a catalogue of donation barriers, this study proposes a holistic scale of barriers which was used to segment Spanish active blood donors to define specific retention and loyalty strategies. A sample of 26 626 active donors from 14 of the 17 Spanish blood transfusion centers assessed a total of 25 barriers through an online survey. This scale was validated and 4 barrier categories were defined: Informative, Intrinsic, Time-space and Procedural. Segmentation was performed through k-means clustering. Four active donor clusters were created: (1) "Very Inhibited" (13.2%), who experienced a high number of barriers in all categories; (2) "Uninhibited" (46.9%), which was the largest cluster with fewer barriers; (3) "Apprehensive" (16.9%), whose most prevalent barriers were Informative and Intrinsic in nature; and (4) "Busy" (23.0%), who experienced mainly Time-space and Informative barriers. Afterward, depending on the size of the cluster, the presence of barriers, and the greater ease or difficulty to act on them, the attractiveness of each cluster was established to propose specific marketing actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Romero-Domínguez
- Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus de Tafira, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Josefa D Martín-Santana
- Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus de Tafira, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Asunción Beerli-Palacio
- Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus de Tafira, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
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12
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Jansen P, Sümnig A, Esefeld M, Greffin K, Kaderali L, Greinacher A. Well-being and return rate of first-time whole blood donors. Vox Sang 2019; 114:154-161. [PMID: 30695836 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Previous studies observed a transient increase in well-being in about one-third of regular donors after blood donation. In addition, personal contact with donors after donation seems to increase return rates. We were interested whether changes in well-being and/or personal contact after the first donation impact return rates of first-time donors (FTDs). MATERIALS AND METHODS First-time donors were randomized to a questionnaire group (QG), in which questionnaires assessing the well-being had to be filled in, or a control group (CG), which was not contacted with a questionnaire. The QG had to complete the same questionnaire three times at the day of the first donation and then four times over an 8-week period with reminding calls by the study coordinator. Return rates of participants were followed for 12 months. RESULTS A total of 102 FTDs participated in the QG and 115 in the CG. Changes in well-being after the first donation had minimal impact on the return rates. In contrast, contacting FTDs after their first donation had a significant impact on the return rate of male donors (89·2% in the QG vs. 58·3% in the CG; P = 0·001). Females showed no significant difference in return rates between both groups (P = 0·32). CONCLUSION The well-being of FTDs had no influence on their return rate. The intervention of regular contacts during a research project follow-up resulted in an increased return rate of male but not of female FTDs. The pronounced difference of the impact of this intervention between male and female donors requires further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peer Jansen
- Institut für Immunologie und Transfusionsmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ariane Sümnig
- Institut für Immunologie und Transfusionsmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Max Esefeld
- Institut für Immunologie und Transfusionsmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Klara Greffin
- Institut für Psychologie, Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Lars Kaderali
- Institut für Bioinformatik, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Andreas Greinacher
- Institut für Immunologie und Transfusionsmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Grieve R, Willis S, De Corte K, Sadique MZ, Hawkins N, Perra S, Pennington M, Turner J, Moore C, Wickenden C, Koppitz C, Cho G, Roberts DJ, Miflin G, Cairns JA. Options for possible changes to the blood donation service: health economics modelling. HEALTH SERVICES AND DELIVERY RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.3310/hsdr06400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundEvidence is required on the cost-effectiveness of alternative changes to the blood collection service.Objectives(1) To estimate the cost-effectiveness of alternative minimum interdonation intervals between whole-blood donations. (2) To investigate donors’ frequency of whole-blood donation according to alternative changes to the blood collection service. (3) To estimate the cost-effectiveness of alternative strategies for maintaining the supply of whole blood.MethodsWe undertook a within-trial cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) of the INTERVAL trial, stated preference (SP) surveys to elicit donor preferences and a CEA of different strategies for blood collection. The strategies considered were reduced minimum intervals between whole-blood donations, introduction of a donor health report and changes to appointment availability and opening times at blood collection venues. The within-trial CEA included 44,863 donors, with men randomly assigned to 12- versus 10- versus 8-week interdonation intervals, and women to 16- versus 14- versus 12-week interdonation intervals. We undertook a SP survey of non-INTERVAL donors (100,000 invitees). We asked donors to state the frequency with which they would be willing to donate blood, according to the service attribute and level. The CEA compared changes to the blood service with current practice by combining the survey estimates with information from the NHS Blood and Transpant database (PULSE) and cost data. The target population was existing whole-blood donors in England, of whom approximately 85% currently donate whole blood at mobile (temporary) blood collection venues, with the remainder donating at static (permanent) blood collection centres. We reported the effects of the alternative strategies on the number of whole-blood donations, costs and cost-effectiveness.ResultsThe reduced donation interval strategies had higher deferral rates caused by low haemoglobin (Hb), but increased frequency of successful donation. For men in the 8- versus 12-week arm of the INTERVAL trial [Di Angelantonio E, Thompson SG, Kaptoge S, Moore C, Walker M, Armitage J,et al.Efficiency and safety of varying the frequency of whole blood donation (INTERVAL): a randomised trial of 45 000 donors.Lancet2017;390:2360–71], the Hb-related deferral rate was 5.7% per session versus 2.6% per session, but the average number of donations over 2 years increased by 1.71 (95% confidence interval 1.60 to 1.80). A total of 25,187 (25%) donors responded to the SP survey. For static donor centres, extending appointment availability to weekday evenings or weekends, or reduced intervals between blood donations, increased stated donation frequency by, on average, 0.5 donations per year. The CEA found that reducing the minimum interval, extending opening times to weekday evenings and extending opening times to weekends in all static donor centres would provide additional whole blood at a cost per additional unit of £10, £23 and £29, respectively, with similar results for donors with high-demand blood types.LimitationsThe study did not consider the long-term rates at which donors will leave the donation register, for example following higher rates of Hb-related deferral.ConclusionsExtending opening hours for blood donation to weekday evenings or weekends for all static donor centres are cost-effective ways of increasing the supply of high-demand blood types.Future workTo monitor the effects of new strategies on long-term donation frequency.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Grieve
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Sarah Willis
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Kaat De Corte
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - M Zia Sadique
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Neil Hawkins
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Silvia Perra
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Mark Pennington
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Department of Health Services & Population Research, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Jenny Turner
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Carmel Moore
- NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- INTERVAL Coordinating Centre, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Gavin Cho
- NHS Blood and Transplant, London, UK
| | - David J Roberts
- NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NHS Blood and Transplant, London, UK
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - John A Cairns
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Suemnig A, Konerding U, Hron G, Lubenow N, Alpen U, Hoffmann W, Kohlmann T, Greinacher A. Motivational factors for blood donation in first-time donors and repeat donors: a cross-sectional study in West Pomerania. Transfus Med 2017; 27:413-420. [PMID: 28786224 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to analyse motivational factors for blood donation in different donor groups. BACKGROUND As the demographic change will result in a decrease of the population in age groups of blood donors, the risk of blood product shortage increases. METHODS During a 12-month period, every sixth blood donor presenting at the blood donation centre of the University Hospital was asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire assessing motivational factors for blood donation. Despite the formalised enrolment protocol, frequent donors were over-represented in the study cohort, which was adjusted by weighting donors with different numbers of donations per year in such a way that the distribution of numbers of donations per year was the same in the sample as in the donor population. RESULTS Of 2443 participants, 14·3% were first-time and 85·3% repeat donors. To "help other people" (>90%) and receiving "medical assessment of my blood values" (63-69%) were the strongest motivational factors in all donor groups. Receiving remuneration (49·2% vs 38·1%) was more important for repeat donors than for first-time donors, whereas it was the opposite for "being taken by a friend to the donor clinic" (47·0% vs 15·5%). A potentially important observation is that 33·9% of frequent donors reported feeling physically better after blood donation compared to infrequent donors (29·5%). CONCLUSION Identification of motivational factors can lead to the design of targeted motivation campaigns for blood donation. The underlying cause of the perceived well-being after blood donation requires further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Suemnig
- Institut für Immunologie und Transfusionsmedizin, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald, Germany
| | - U Konerding
- Trimberg Research Academy, Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany
| | - G Hron
- Institut für Immunologie und Transfusionsmedizin, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald, Germany
| | - N Lubenow
- Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - U Alpen
- Institut für Immunologie und Transfusionsmedizin, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald, Germany
| | - W Hoffmann
- Institut für Community Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Kohlmann
- Institut für Community Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Greinacher
- Institut für Immunologie und Transfusionsmedizin, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald, Germany
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Ou-Yang J, Bei CH, He B, Rong X. Factors influencing blood donation: a cross-sectional survey in Guangzhou, China. Transfus Med 2017; 27:256-267. [DOI: 10.1111/tme.12410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Ou-Yang
- Guangzhou Blood Center; Guangdong China
- The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou; Guangdong China
| | - C.-H. Bei
- Guangzhou Blood Center; Guangdong China
- The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou; Guangdong China
| | - B. He
- Guangzhou Blood Center; Guangdong China
- The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou; Guangdong China
| | - X. Rong
- Guangzhou Blood Center; Guangdong China
- The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou; Guangdong China
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Masser BM, Davison TE, Chapman CM. How can we encourage our voluntary non-remunerated donors to donate more frequently? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/voxs.12312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. M. Masser
- School of Psychology; The University of Queensland; St Lucia Brisbane QLD Australia
- Clinical Services and Research; The Australian Red Cross Blood Service; Melbourne VIC. Australia
| | - T. E. Davison
- Clinical Services and Research; The Australian Red Cross Blood Service; Melbourne VIC. Australia
| | - C. M. Chapman
- School of Psychology; The University of Queensland; St Lucia Brisbane QLD Australia
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How Can We Improve Retention of the First-Time Donor? A Systematic Review of the Current Evidence. Transfus Med Rev 2016; 30:81-91. [PMID: 26971186 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Blood products are critical to health systems and donations by voluntary nonremunerated donors are recommended. Worldwide, however, only around 5% of those eligible to donate do so and around half of those never return to donate again. This review focuses on what deters first-time donors, what predicts their retention, and what interventions may promote retention of this group. A comprehensive search of relevant databases identified 9 studies investigating motives and deterrents of first-time donors, 14 studies investigating predictors for first-time donors (13 whole blood [WB] and 2 plasmapheresis), and 15 studies (in 14 published articles) detailing interventions conducted on first-time donors. Drawing on an established blood donation taxonomy, studies were classified by 2 independent raters. Interventions were also classified into traditional, behavioral, or social science interventions. With only 2 eligible studies among first-time plasmapheresis donors, analyses focused on WB donors. First-time WB donors reported benevolent and collectivistic motivations, as well as personal benefits to commence WB donation. Self-reported deterrents have typically not been examined. Intention predicted first-time donor retention with intention determined by attitudes and a sense of (perceived behavioral) control. However, anxiety, adverse events, and deferrals all deterred retention. Traditional interventions, such as reminders and incentives, are widespread yet had only a small effect on return of first-time donors. Although behavioral science interventions such as fluid loading are effective, the strongest effect for the return of first-time donors was found when individual psychological support was provided. The purpose of this analysis was to identify the factors associated with the commencement and continuation of first WB donations. The current review revealed that self-reported motivators are typically not effective, and most successful predictive factors identified have not been translated into interventions. Future work would do well to identify, manage, and meet donors' expectations along with developing more individualized donation experiences. Blood donor research should delineate donor career stages; addressing first-time donor retention will support stable panels for blood collection agencies.
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Mousavi SA, Hermundstad B, Kjustad Frøyland EM, Llohn AH, Knutsen TR. Poor appointment-keeping behaviour among repeat blood donors and its relationship to the intent to donate again. Transfus Med 2014; 24:233-8. [PMID: 25040890 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Anecdotal evidence suggests that missed donation appointments among repeat whole-blood donors are associated with decreased likelihood of future blood donation. This study sought to examine the relationship between missed donation appointments and intention to donate again among repeat whole-blood donors and to examine whether demographic variables are related to appointment-keeping behaviour. METHODS During the period February-June 2013, telephone interviews were conducted with repeat donors who either did not show up for or cancelled their donation appointments on the day of the appointment. We asked them whether or not they wanted to schedule appointments for subsequent donations. RESULTS Rates of missed donation appointments varied by age, but not gender. Although a statistically significant difference between male and female donors was not found with regard to willingness to donate again, female donors were more likely than male donors to call and cancel their appointment. Finally, compared with repeat donors who called and cancelled their appointment, no-show donors were 2.5 times less likely to schedule appointments for subsequent donations (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The results demonstrate that poor appointment-keeping behaviour, and in particular no-show behaviour, is significantly associated with decreased likelihood of future blood donation among repeat whole-blood donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Mousavi
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, University of Oslo, Lørenskog, Norway
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Bart T, Volken T, Fischer Y, Taleghani BM. Giving blood and enrolling on the stem cell donor registry: ranking of obstacles and motives in Switzerland. Transfus Med Hemother 2014; 41:264-72. [PMID: 25254022 PMCID: PMC4164091 DOI: 10.1159/000365457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To obtain a better understanding of factors affecting blood and blood stem cell donation behavior in Switzerland, a series of studies has been performed. In the recent study of this series, which is described here, motivators and barriers in the field of blood and blood stem cell donation were identified. METHODS Web-based survey data from a non-random sample of the Swiss population 2012/2013 (n = 3,153) were used to describe and compare the ranking of motives and obstacles to donate blood and to enroll on the Swiss blood stem cell registry. Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Spearman's rank correlations were used to assess differences and associations between ranks and groups. RESULTS The prospect of saving lives and solidarity were the top two motives to donate blood or to enroll on the blood stem cell registry. The top two obstacles to enroll on the blood stem cell registry were lack of general information on blood stem cell donation and on its risks, whereas the top two obstacles to donate blood were the lack of information where and when to donate and deferral of or exclusion from blood donation. CONCLUSION Classical altruistic motives are top drivers for giving blood as well as registering for blood stem cell donation. Recruitment campaigns should focus on these motivators. Similarities in motivational factors as well as in obstacles regarding blood and blood stem cell donation can be found.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Volken
- School of Health Professions, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | | | - Behrouz Mansouri Taleghani
- Transfusionsmedizin, Department of Haematology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Martín-Santana JD, Beerli-Palacio A. Intention of future donations: a study of donors versus non-donors. Transfus Med 2012; 23:77-86. [PMID: 23278937 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Revised: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent years have seen the level of blood donation at a world level come to a standstill or even decline. This situation requires blood donation services to make efforts to increase donor recruitment and retention, as well as to increase the frequency of donations among current donors. In order to obtain good results, it is essential to understand the factors that affect intention to donate. OBJECTIVES To determine the explanatory power of a set of factors on intention to donate blood, as well as evaluating the ability of current donors to motivate others. METHODS/MATERIALS A questionnaire was administered to a sample of 1015 Spanish individuals. RESULTS Results indicate that (i) motivations and hindering factors have the greatest explanatory power on intention to donate, (ii) experience as a donor is the most explanatory factor on future intention and (iii) there are significant behavioural and sociodemographic differences between donors and non-donors. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that it is necessary (i) to enhance the donor retention for maintaining the donation system using a personal and frequent communication with donors not only to remind them to schedule their next donation, but also to attract more donors; (ii) to recapture temporarily deferred donors, as they are less reluctant towards donation; (iii) to describe in detail how donation affects donors and clarify the importance of donation for society and (iv) to develop member get member programs in which current donors act as motivators amongst friends, coworkers and family.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Martín-Santana
- Departamento de Economía y Dirección de Empresas, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
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Bagot KL, Bove LL, Masser BM, Bednall TC, Buzza M. Perceived deterrents to being a plasmapheresis donor in a voluntary, nonremunerated environment. Transfusion 2012; 53:1108-19. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2012.03891.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Vavić N, Pagliariccio A, Bulajić M, Marinozzi M, Miletić G, Vlatković A. Blood donor satisfaction and the weak link in the chain of donation process. Transfus Apher Sci 2012; 47:171-7. [PMID: 22854325 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2012.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Recruiting and retaining enough donors is a problem. Six hundred and thirty nine blood donors were interviewed to identify the elements that can influence their satisfaction and the decision to become regulars. The majority of them were satisfied with staff skill and communication, they declared they were calm before donating and felt well after donation. First-time donors (FTDs) were more frightened, showed anticipatory anxiety, were less sure they would donate again (p<0.01) and the youngest were also less satisfied with the staff's behavior after donation. Identifying the more scared FTDs and diminishing their anxiety before donating could positively influence their decision to become regulars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataša Vavić
- Department of Blood Collection, Blood Transfusion Institute, Sv.Save 39, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Martín-Santana JD, Beerli-Palacio A. Achieving donor repetition and motivation by block leaders among current blood donors. Transfus Apher Sci 2012; 47:337-43. [PMID: 22683233 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2012.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 05/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents an explicative model on the recommendation of donating blood made to relatives and friends by current donors. This model establishes satisfaction and intention to return as direct antecedents, and the quality perceived in the donation process and the existence of inhibitors as indirect antecedents. The results show that (1) the perceived quality has a positive influence on satisfaction and intention to return; (2) the intention to donate again depends positively on satisfaction, but negatively on the existence of internal and external inhibitors; and lastly (3) the recommendation to donate depends on donor satisfaction and their intention to return to donate, this being the most influential factor. At the same time, we contrasted how the model does not vary, whether it is a first-time donor or a repeat donor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefa D Martín-Santana
- Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Facultad de Economía, Empresa y Turismo, Edificio Departamental de Empresariales, Módulo C-1.05, Campus de Tafira, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Labor efficiency is desirable in mobile blood collection. There are few published data on labor efficiency. The variability in the labor efficiency of mobile whole blood collections was analyzed. We determined to improve our labor efficiency using lean manufacturing principles. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Workflow changes in mobile collections were implemented with the goal of minimizing labor expenditures. To measure success, data on labor efficiency measured by units/hour/full-time equivalent (FTE) were collected. The labor efficiency in a 6-month period before the implementation of changes, and in months 1 to 6 and 7 to 12 after implementation was analyzed and compared. RESULTS Labor efficiency in the 6-month period preceding implementation was 1.06 ± 0.4 units collected/hour/FTE. In months 1 to 6, labor efficiency declined slightly to 0.92 ± 0.4 units collected/hour/FTE (p = 0.016 vs. preimplementation). In months 7 to 12, the mean labor efficiency returned to preimplementation levels of 1.09 ±0.4 units collected/hour/FTE. Regression analysis correlating labor efficiency with total units collected per drive revealed a strong correlation (R(2) = 0.48 for the aggregate data from all three periods), indicating that nearly half of labor efficiency was associated with drive size. The lean-based changes in workflow were subjectively favored by employees and donors. CONCLUSIONS The labor efficiency of our mobile whole blood drives is strongly influenced by size. Larger drives are more efficient, with diminishing returns above 40 units collected. Lean-based workflow changes were positively received by employees and donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- William N Rose
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, DeGowin Blood Center, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Juergen Ringwald
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haemostaseology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
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Whitney JG, Hall RF. Using an integrated automated system to optimize retention and increase frequency of blood donations. Transfusion 2010; 50:1618-24. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.02738.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Goette L, Stutzer A, Yavuzcan G, Frey BM. Free cholesterol testing as a motivation device in blood donations: evidence from field experiments. Transfusion 2009; 49:524-31. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.02007.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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