1
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Shea SM, Spinella PC, Thomas KA. Cold-stored platelet function is not significantly altered by agitation or manual mixing. Transfusion 2022; 62:1850-1859. [PMID: 35898113 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cold storage of platelets (CS-PLT), results in better maintained hemostatic function compared to room-temperature stored platelets (RT-PLT), leading to increased interest and use of CS-PLT for actively bleeding patients. However, questions remain on best storage practices for CS-PLT, as agitation of CS-PLT is optional per the United States Food and Drug Administration. CS-PLT storage and handling protocols needed to be determined prior to upcoming clinical trials, and blood banking standard operating procedures need to be updated accordingly for the release of units due to potentially modified aggregate morphology without agitation. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We visually assessed aggregate formation, then measured surface receptor expression (GPVI, CD42b (GPIbα), CD49 (GPIa/ITGA2), CD41/61 (ITGA2B/ITGB3; GPIIB/GPIIIA; PACI), CD62P, CD63, HLAI), thrombin generation, aggregation (collagen, adenosine diphosphate [ADP], and epinephrine activation), and viscoelastic function (ExTEM, FibTEM) in CS-PLT (Trima collection, 100% plasma) stored for 21 days either with or without agitation (Phase 1, n = 10 donor-paired units) and then without agitation with or without daily manual mixing to minimize aggregate formation and reduce potential effects of sedimentation (Phase 2, n = 10 donor-paired units). RESULTS Agitation resulted in macroaggregate formation, whereas no agitation caused film-like sediment. We found no substantial differences in CS-PLT function between storage conditions, as surface receptor expression, thrombin generation, aggregation, and clot formation were relatively similar between intra-Phase storage conditions. DISCUSSION Storage duration and not condition impacted phenotype and function. CS-PLT can be stored with or without agitation, and with or without daily mixing and standard metrics of hemostatic function will not be significantly altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Shea
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Philip C Spinella
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kimberly A Thomas
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Vitalant Research Institute, Denver, CO, USA
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2
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Ichikawa J, Kouta M, Oogushi M, Komori M. Effects of room temperature and cold storage on the metabolic and haemostatic properties of whole blood for acute normovolaemic haemodilution. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267980. [PMID: 35560137 PMCID: PMC9106157 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute normovolaemic haemodilution (ANH), as a blood-conservation technique, avoids the need for allogeneic blood transfusions. The historic practice of cold-storing type-O whole blood (WB) in military fields popularised the transfusion of refrigerated WB to treat acute bleeding. In this study, we compared the effects of room temperature (RT) and refrigeration up to 24 hours on the coagulation properties of WB for ANH. Materials and methods Each WB sample, collected from 12 male volunteers, was divided into two parts, one stored at RT and the other refrigerated for 24 hours. Complete blood counts (CBC), blood gas levels, and coagulation profiles were measured, and rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) measurements were performed at the initial collection time point (baseline) and at 6, 12, and 24 hours after initial collection. Results The preservation of platelet aggregation response induced by arachidonic acid and adenosine diphosphate was better in cold-stored WB compared to that in RT-stored WB. The platelet aggregation response induced by thrombin receptor-activating peptide 6 was significantly decreased in all samples after 24 hours of storage when compared with that at baseline. The lactate levels in WB stored at RT increased significantly after 6 hours of storage compared to that of cold-stored samples. There were no significant differences in CBC, coagulation parameters, and ROTEM variables between the cold-stored and RT-stored WB samples. Conclusion WB for ANH stored in the refrigerator showed better metabolic characteristics after 6 hours of storage and better aggregation response after 12 hours of storage than WB stored at RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Ichikawa
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Medical Centre East, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Masaki Kouta
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Medical Centre East, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masako Oogushi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Medical Centre East, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makiko Komori
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Medical Centre East, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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Kristoffersen EK, Apelseth TO. Platelet functionality in cold‐stored whole blood. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/voxs.12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Einar K. Kristoffersen
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Sciences University of Bergen Bergen Norway
| | - Torunn Oveland Apelseth
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
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4
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Scorer T, Williams A, Reddoch-Cardenas K, Mumford A. Manufacturing variables and hemostatic function of cold-stored platelets: a systematic review of the literature. Transfusion 2019; 59:2722-2732. [PMID: 31184775 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Scorer
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.,Centre of Defence Pathology, RCDM, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Coagulation and Blood Research, U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Ft Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Ashleigh Williams
- Department of Anaesthesia, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Kristin Reddoch-Cardenas
- Coagulation and Blood Research, U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Ft Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Andrew Mumford
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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5
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Wang S, Jiang T, Fan Y, Zhao S. A proteomic approach reveals the variation in human platelet protein composition after storage at different temperatures. Platelets 2018; 30:403-412. [PMID: 29595346 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2018.1453060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cryopreservation can slow down the metabolism and decrease the risk of bacterial contamination. But, chilled platelets (PLTs) show a reduced period in circulation due to the rapid clearance by hepatic cells or spleen macrophages after transfusion. The deleterious changes that PLTs undergo are mainly considered the result of PLT protein variation. However, the basis for proteomic variation of stored PLTs remains poorly understood. Besides count, activation markers (CD62P and Annexin V), and aggregation, we used quantitative mass spectrometry to create the first comprehensive and quantitative human PLT proteome of samples stored at different temperatures (22°C, 10°C and -80°C). We found different conditions caused different platelet storage lesion (PSL). PLT count was decreased no matter at what temperature stored. PLTs viability at low temperature dropped by 21.78% and 11.21%, respectively, as compared 10.26% at room temperature, there were no significant differences between the storage methods. Membrane expression of CD62P gradually increased in all groups especially stored at 22°C up to 40% and 10°C up to 30%. However, exposure of PS on the PLT membrane was below 1% in every group. The PLT proteome showed there were 575 and 454 potential proteins identified by general iTRAQ analysis and phosphorylation iTRAQ a nalysis, respectively, among them, 33 common differentially expressed proteins caused by storage time and 44 caused by storage temperature Especially, membrane-bound proteins (such as FERMT3, STX4, MYL9 and TAGLN2) played key roles in PLT storage lesion. The pathways "Endocytosis", "Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis" and "Regulation of actin cytoskeleton" were affected predominantly by storage time. And the pathways "SNARE interactions in vesicular transport" and "Vasopressin-regulated water reabsorption" were affected by cold storage in our study. Proteomic results can help us to understand PLT biochemistry and physiology and thus unravel the mechanisms of PSL in time and space for more successful PLT transfusion therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichun Wang
- a Department of Blood Transfusion , Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , P.R. China
| | - Tianlun Jiang
- a Department of Blood Transfusion , Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , P.R. China
| | - Yahan Fan
- a Department of Blood Transfusion , Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , P.R. China
| | - Shuming Zhao
- a Department of Blood Transfusion , Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , P.R. China
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6
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Johnson L, Tan S, Jenkins E, Wood B, Marks DC. Characterization of biologic response modifiers in the supernatant of conventional, refrigerated, and cryopreserved platelets. Transfusion 2018; 58:927-937. [PMID: 29330877 DOI: 10.1111/trf.14475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alternatives to room temperature storage of platelets (PLTs) are of interest to support blood banking logistics. The aim of this study was to compare the presence of biologic response modifiers (BRMs) in PLT concentrates stored under conventional room temperature conditions with refrigerated or cryopreserved PLTs. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A three-arm pool-and-split study was carried out using buffy coat-derived PLTs stored in 30% plasma/70% SSP+. The three matched treatment arms were as follows: room temperature (20-24°C), cold (2-6°C), and cryopreserved (-80°C with DMSO). Liquid-stored PLTs were tested over a 21-day period, while cryopreserved PLTs were tested immediately after thawing and reconstitution in 30% plasma/70% SSP+ and after storage at room temperature. RESULTS Coagulation factor activity was comparable between room temperature and cold PLTs, with the exception of protein S, while cryopreserved PLTs had reduced Factor (F)V and FVIII activity. Cold-stored PLTs retained α-granule proteins better than room temperature or cryopreserved PLTs. Cryopreservation resulted in 10-fold higher microparticle generation than cold-stored PLTs, but both groups contained significantly more microparticles than those stored at room temperature. The supernatant from both cold and cryopreserved PLTs initiated faster clot formation and thrombin generation than room temperature PLTs. CONCLUSION Cold storage and cryopreservation alter the composition of the soluble fraction of stored PLTs. These differences in coagulation proteins, cytokines, and microparticles likely influence both the hemostatic capacity of the components and the auxiliary functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lacey Johnson
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service
| | - Shereen Tan
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service
| | | | - Ben Wood
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service.,University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Denese C Marks
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney
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7
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Yang J, Yin W, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Ma T, Gu S, Gao Y, Zhang X, Yuan J, Wang W. Evaluation of the advantages of platelet concentrates stored at 4°C versus 22°C. Transfusion 2017; 58:736-747. [PMID: 29266276 DOI: 10.1111/trf.14462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangcun Yang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital; Xi'an China
| | - Wen Yin
- Department of Transfusion Medicine; Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Department of Blood Components Preparation; Shaanxi Provincial Blood Center; Xi'an China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital; Xi'an China
| | - Ting Ma
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital; Xi'an China
| | - Shunli Gu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine; Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Hematology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital; Xi'an China
| | - Xiaole Zhang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine; Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Jun Yuan
- Department of Laboratory; Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital; Xi'an China
| | - Wenhua Wang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital; Xi'an China
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8
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Apelseth TO, Cap AP, Spinella PC, Hervig T, Strandenes G. Cold stored platelets in treatment of bleeding. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/voxs.12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. O. Apelseth
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - A. P. Cap
- U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research; FT Sam Houston; San Antonio TX USA
| | - P. C. Spinella
- Division of Critical Care; Department of Pediatrics; Washington University in St. Louis; St. Louis MO USA
| | - T. Hervig
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- Institute of Clinical Science; School of Medicine and Dentistry; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
- Norwegian Armed Forces Medical Services; Oslo Norway
| | - G. Strandenes
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- Norwegian Armed Forces Medical Services; Oslo Norway
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9
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Cytochrome c and resveratrol preserve platelet function during cold storage. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2017; 83:271-277. [PMID: 28452899 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000001547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Donated platelets are stored at 22°C and discarded within 5 days because of diminished function and risk of bacterial contamination. Decline of platelet function has been attributed to decreased mitochondrial function and increased oxidative stress. Resveratrol (Res) and cytochrome c (Cyt c), in combination with hypothermic storage, may extend platelet viability. METHODS Platelets from 20 donors were pooled into four independent sets and stored at 22°C or 4°C in the absence or presence of Res (50 μM) or Cyt c (100 μM) for up to 10 days. Sequential measurement of platelet counts, coagulation function (thromboelastography), oxygen consumption, lipid peroxidation, glucose-lactate levels, pH, TCO2, and soluble platelet activation markers (CD62P/PF-4) was performed. RESULTS Platelet function diminished rapidly over time at 22°C versus 4°C (adenosine diphosphate, day 10 [0.6 ± 0.5] vs. [7.8 ± 3.5], arachidonic acid: day 10 [0.5 ± 0.5] vs. [30.1 ± 27.72]). At 4°C, storage treatment with Res or Cyt c limited deterioration in platelet function up to day 10, an effect not observed at 22°C (day 10, 4°C, Con [7.8 ± 3.5] vs. Res [37.3 ± 24.19] vs. Cyt c [45.83 ± 43.06]). Mechanistic analysis revealed oxygen consumption increased in response to Cyt c at 22°C, whereas neither Cyt c or Res affected oxygen consumption at 4°C. Lipid peroxidation was only reduced at 22°C (day 7 and day 10), but remained unchanged at 4°C, or when Res or Cyt c was added. Cytosolic ROS was significantly reduced by pretreatment with Res at 4°C. Total platelet count and soluble activation markers were unchanged during storage and not affected by Res, Cyt c, or temperature. Glucose concentration, pH and TCO2 decreased while lactate levels increased during storage at 22°C but not 4°C. CONCLUSION Platelet function is preserved by cold storage for up to 10 days. This function is enhanced by treatment with Res or Cyt c, which supports mitochondrial activity, thus potentially extending platelet shelf life.
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10
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Spinella PC, Pidcoke HF, Strandenes G, Hervig T, Fisher A, Jenkins D, Yazer M, Stubbs J, Murdock A, Sailliol A, Ness PM, Cap AP. Whole blood for hemostatic resuscitation of major bleeding. Transfusion 2017; 56 Suppl 2:S190-202. [PMID: 27100756 DOI: 10.1111/trf.13491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent combat experience reignited interest in transfusing whole blood (WB) for patients with life-threatening bleeding. US Army data indicate that WB transfusion is associated with improved or comparable survival compared to resuscitation with blood components. These data complement randomized controlled trials that indicate that platelet (PLT)-containing blood products stored at 4°C have superior hemostatic function, based on reduced bleeding and improved functional measures of hemostasis, compared to PLT-containing blood products at 22°C. WB is rarely available in civilian hospitals and as a result is rarely transfused for patients with hemorrhagic shock. Recent developments suggest that impediments to WB availability can be overcome, specifically the misconceptions that WB must be ABO specific, that WB cannot be leukoreduced and maintain PLTs, and finally that cold storage causes loss of PLT function. Data indicate that the use of low anti-A and anti-B titer group O WB is safe as a universal donor, WB can be leukoreduced with PLT-sparing filters, and WB stored at 4°C retains PLT function during 15 days of storage. The understanding that these perceived barriers are not insurmountable will improve the availability of WB and facilitate its use. In addition, there are logistic and economic advantages of WB-based resuscitation compared to component therapy for hemorrhagic shock. The use of low-titer group O WB stored for up to 15 days at 4°C merits further study to compare its efficacy and safety with current resuscitation approaches for all patients with life-threatening bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip C Spinella
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri.,U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA-Fort Sam Houston, Texas
| | - Heather F Pidcoke
- U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA-Fort Sam Houston, Texas
| | - Geir Strandenes
- Norwegian Naval Special Operations Commando, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tor Hervig
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Donald Jenkins
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Medical Director, Trauma Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Mark Yazer
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh and the Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - James Stubbs
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Transfusion Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Alan Murdock
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, and Division of Trauma, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Anne Sailliol
- French Military Blood Transfusion Center, Clamart, France
| | - Paul M Ness
- Transfusion Medicine Division, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Andrew P Cap
- U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA-Fort Sam Houston, Texas
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11
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Kinio S, Mills JK. Effects of dielectrophoresis on thrombogenesis in human whole blood. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:1755-1763. [PMID: 28429819 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Thrombogenesis (blood clot formation) is a major barrier to the development of biomedical devices that interface with blood. Although state-of-the-art chemically and pharmacologically mediated clot mitigation strategies are effective, some limitations of such approaches include depletion of active agents, or adverse reactions in patients. Increased clotting protein adsorption and platelet adhesion, which occur when artificial surfaces are exposed to blood result in enhanced clot formation on artificial surfaces. It is hypothesized that repelling proteins and platelets using dielectrophoresis (DEP), a contact-free particle manipulation technique, will reduce clot formation in biomedical devices. In this paper, the effect of DEP on thrombogenesis in human blood is investigated. Undiluted whole blood from human donors is pumped through microchannels at a physiological shear rate (400 s-1 ). Experiments are performed by applying 0 V, 0.5 Vrms , 2 Vrms , and 3 Vrms to electrodes in the channel. Clot formation is observed to decrease in experiments in which DEP electrodes are active (average of 6% coverage @ 0V reduced to 0.08% coverage @ 3 Vrms ). Repulsion is more effective at higher voltages. DEP causes a quantifiable reduction in microscopic and macroscopic clot formation in PDMS microchannels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Kinio
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - James K Mills
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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12
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13
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Wood B, Padula MP, Marks DC, Johnson L. Refrigerated storage of platelets initiates changes in platelet surface marker expression and localization of intracellular proteins. Transfusion 2016; 56:2548-2559. [PMID: 27460096 DOI: 10.1111/trf.13723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelets (PLTs) are currently stored at room temperature (22°C), which limits their shelf life, primarily due to the risk of bacterial growth. Alternatives to room temperature storage include PLT refrigeration (2-6°C), which inhibits bacterial growth, thus potentially allowing an extension of shelf life. Additionally, refrigerated PLTs appear more hemostatically active than conventional PLTs, which may be beneficial in certain clinical situations. However, the mechanisms responsible for this hemostatic function are not well characterized. The aim of this study was to assess the protein profile of refrigerated PLTs in an effort to understand these functional consequences. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Buffy coat PLTs were pooled, split, and stored either at room temperature (20-24°C) or under refrigerated (2-6°C) conditions (n = 8 in each group). PLTs were assessed for changes in external receptor expression and actin filamentation using flow cytometry. Intracellular proteomic changes were assessed using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and Western blotting. RESULTS PLT refrigeration significantly reduced the abundance of glycoproteins (GPIb, GPIX, GPIIb, and GPIV) on the external membrane. However, refrigeration resulted in the increased expression of high-affinity integrins (αIIbβ3 and β1) and activation and apoptosis markers (CD62P, CD63, and phosphatidylserine). PLT refrigeration substantially altered the abundance and localization of several cytoskeletal proteins and resulted in an increase in actin filamentation, as measured by phalloidin staining. CONCLUSION Refrigerated storage of PLTs induces significant changes in the expression and localization of both surface-expressed and intracellular proteins. Understanding these proteomic changes may help to identify the mechanisms resulting in the refrigeration-associated alterations in PLT function and clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Wood
- Research & Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Alexandria, NSW, Australia.,Proteomics Core Facility, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthew P Padula
- Proteomics Core Facility, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Denese C Marks
- Research & Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Alexandria, NSW, Australia
| | - Lacey Johnson
- Research & Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Alexandria, NSW, Australia.
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14
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Johnson L, Tan S, Wood B, Davis A, Marks DC. Refrigeration and cryopreservation of platelets differentially affect platelet metabolism and function: a comparison with conventional platelet storage conditions. Transfusion 2016; 56:1807-18. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.13630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lacey Johnson
- Research and Development; Australian Red Cross Blood Service; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Shereen Tan
- Research and Development; Australian Red Cross Blood Service; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Ben Wood
- Research and Development; Australian Red Cross Blood Service; Sydney NSW Australia
- Proteomics Core Facility; University of Technology Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - April Davis
- Research and Development; Australian Red Cross Blood Service; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Denese C. Marks
- Research and Development; Australian Red Cross Blood Service; Sydney NSW Australia
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15
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Skripchenko A, Gelderman MP, Awatefe H, Turgeon A, Thompson-Montgomery D, Cheng C, Vostal JG, Wagner SJ. Automated cold temperature cycling improves in vitro platelet properties and in vivo recovery in a mouse model compared to continuous cold storage. Transfusion 2015; 56:24-32. [PMID: 26331697 DOI: 10.1111/trf.13273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelets (PLTs) stored at cold temperatures (CTs) for prolonged time have dramatically reduced bacterial growth but poor survival when infused. A previous study demonstrated that human PLTs stored with manual cycling between 4 °C (12 hr) and 37 °C (30 min) and infused into severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice had survivals similar to or greater than those stored at room temperature (RT). In this study, the in vitro and in vivo properties of PLTs stored in an automated incubator programmed to cycle between 5 °C (11 hr) and 37 °C (1 hr) were evaluated. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A Trima apheresis unit (n = 12) was aliquoted (60 mL) in CLX bags. One sample was stored with continuous agitation (RT), a second sample was stored at 4-6 °C without agitation (CT), and a third sample was placed in an automated temperature cycler with 5 minutes of agitation during the warm-up period (thermocycling [TC]). PLTs were assayed for several relevant quality variables. On Day 7, PLTs were infused into SCID mice and in vivo recovery was assessed at predetermined time points after transfusion. RESULTS The glucose consumption rate, morphology score, hypotonic shock recovery level, and aggregation levels were increased and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species accumulations were decreased in TC-PLTs compared to those of CT-PLTs. The pH and Annexin V binding were comparable to those of RT-PLTs. All TC-PLTs had greater recovery than CT-PLTs and were comparable to RT-PLTs. CONCLUSION PLTs stored under automated TC conditions have improved in vivo recovery and improved results for a number of in vitro measures compared to CT-PLTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Skripchenko
- American Red Cross Biomedical Services, Holland Laboratory, Rockville, Maryland
| | | | - Helen Awatefe
- American Red Cross Biomedical Services, Holland Laboratory, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Annette Turgeon
- American Red Cross Biomedical Services, Holland Laboratory, Rockville, Maryland
| | | | - Chunrong Cheng
- Office of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | | | - Stephen J Wagner
- American Red Cross Biomedical Services, Holland Laboratory, Rockville, Maryland
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16
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Skripchenko A, Thompson-Montgomery D, Awatefe H, Turgeon A, Wagner SJ. Addition of sialidase or p38 MAPK inhibitors does not ameliorate decrements in platelet in vitro storage properties caused by 4 °C storage. Vox Sang 2014; 107:360-7. [PMID: 24976248 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Bacterial proliferation is inhibited in platelets (PLTs) stored at refrigerated temperatures, but also dramatically decreases PLT in vivo survival. Recent studies have demonstrated that cold temperature (CT) stored PLTs secrete sialidases upon re-warming, removing sialic acid from the PLT surface, which may be responsible for clustering of GPIbα and PLT clearance from circulation. In this study, the influence of a sialidase inhibitor or a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor was evaluated in units stored at 4 °C. MATERIALS AND METHODS After collection of a single Trima apheresis unit (n = 12), PLTs were aliquoted into four 60-ml CLX storage bags. One bag was stored at 20-24 °C (RT) with continuous agitation; a second bag was stored at 4 °C without agitation; a third bag was held at 4 °C without agitation with sialidase inhibitor, a fourth bag was incubated at 4 °C with a p38 MAPK inhibitor without agitation. RESULTS Beginning from Day 1, all in vitro PLT parameters were adversely affected by CT compared to those of RT. Similar in vitro storage properties were observed in CT PLT in the presence or absence of sialidase or p38 MAPK inhibitors. P38 MAPK phosphorylation inhibition was not observed at CT. Decrease of sialidase activity was observed for 2 days in PLTs stored in additive solution but not in plasma. CONCLUSION Addition of either sialidase or p38 MAPK inhibitors do not improve any in vitro parameters of PLTs stored at 4 °C in 100% plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Skripchenko
- American Red Cross Biomedical Services, Holland Laboratory, Rockville, MD, USA
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Wang X, Fan Y, Shi R, Li J, Zhao S. Quality assessment of platelets stored in a modified platelet additive solution with trehalose at low temperature (10 °C) andin vivoeffects on rabbit model of thrombocytopenia. Platelets 2014; 26:72-9. [DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2013.872772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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18
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Hsu J, Zhang J, Kitson C, Tan SL, Narula S, DeMartino JA, Liao C. Development of a pharmacodynamic assay based on PLCγ2 phosphorylation for quantifying spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK)-Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) signaling. JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR SCREENING 2013; 18:890-8. [PMID: 23704133 DOI: 10.1177/1087057113489881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) and Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) are key mediators in coupling cell surface receptors, such as the B-cell receptor (BCR), to downstream signaling events affecting diverse biological functions. There is therefore tremendous interest in the development of pharmacological inhibitors targeting the SYK-BTK axis for the treatment of inflammatory disorders and hematological malignancies. A good pharmacodynamic (PD) assay, ideally a blood-based assay that measures proximal events, is warranted for evaluation of such inhibitors. In platelets, collagen-induced activation of membrane glycoprotein GPVI is dependent on the SYK-BTK axis. Here, we report the development of a novel immunoassay that uses the dissociation-enhanced lanthanide fluorescent immunoassay (DELFIA) to measure GPVI-mediated phosphorylation of phospholipase C γ2 (PLCγ2), a direct substrate of SYK and BTK, in platelets. The assay was validated using SYK or BTK inhibitors and generated IC50 correlated with those from the BCR-induced B-cell activation assay. Furthermore, this assay showed good stability and uniformity over a period of 24 h in different donors. Interestingly, compound IC50 values using blood from patients with rheumatoid arthritis were slightly higher compared with those produced using samples from healthy donors. This novel platelet PLCγ2 phosphorylation-based immunoassay should serve as a promising PD assay for preclinical and clinical development of inhibitors targeting the SYK-BTK axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Hsu
- Hoffmann-La Roche, Inc., Inflammation Discovery and Therapeutic Area, Nutley, NJ, USA
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Nagura Y, Tsuno NH, Ohkawa R, Nojiri T, Tokuhara Y, Matsuhashi M, Yatomi Y, Takahashi K. Inhibition of lysophosphatidic acid increase by prestorage whole blood leukoreduction in autologous CPDA-1 whole blood. Transfusion 2013; 53:3139-48. [PMID: 23461375 DOI: 10.1111/trf.12152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) has been implicated in the onset of transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI). In plasma, LPC is converted to lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) by autotaxin (ATX). The effect of leukoreduction in the accumulation of these bioactive lipids and ATX in human autologous blood has not been fully investigated. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The accumulation of choline-containing phospholipids (LPC, sphingomyelin [SM], and phosphatidylcholine [PC]), LPA, and ATX during the storage of autologous blood and the changes caused by leukoreduction were investigated. A total of 26 orthopedic patients were enrolled. Autologous blood was collected as whole blood and, after leukoreduction, preserved refrigerated until use. Prestorage leukoreduced (LR) and non-LR autologous blood samples were analyzed. The time-dependent changes and the effect of the filtration were compared. RESULTS A time-dependent and significant increase in the levels of LPA was observed in both non-LR and LR samples. The concentration of LPA was significantly reduced in LR compared to non-LR samples. The concentration of LPC was higher in LR compared to non-LR samples. The levels of PC, SM, and ATX were not affected by either the storage period or the leukoreduction. CONCLUSIONS Leukoreduction of autologous whole blood effectively reduced the accumulation of LPA. On the other hand, prestorage leukoreduction resulted in an increased concentration of LPC, without significantly affecting ATX. Further studies are necessary to confirm the role of LPA in the pathogenesis of adverse effects of blood transfusion, especially TRALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Nagura
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory, University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Jobes D, Wolfe Y, O'Neill D, Calder J, Jones L, Sesok-Pizzini D, Zheng XL. Toward a definition of "fresh" whole blood: an in vitro characterization of coagulation properties in refrigerated whole blood for transfusion. Transfusion 2011; 51:43-51. [PMID: 20663116 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.02772.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hemostatic property of "fresh" whole blood (WB) has been observed in military application and cardiac surgery and is associated with reduced blood loss, transfusion requirements, and donor exposures. The time from donation to transfusion defining "fresh" has not been systematically studied. We undertook an in vitro study of coagulation properties of refrigerated WB stored for 31 days. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Twenty-one WB units were obtained from healthy volunteer donors and stored under standard AABB refrigerated conditions. Samples were obtained on the day after donation and again on Days 2, 4, 7, 11, 14, 17, 21, 24, and 31. Tests included complete blood count, pH, pO2, pCO2, glucose, lactate, thromboelastography (TEG), and platelet function by light transmission aggregometry (LTA). RESULTS There was progressive decline in pH, pO2, glucose, and sodium, but progressive increase in potassium, pCO2, and lactate. TEG variables in all units were normal through Day 11; abnormal values in some variables in some units began on Day 14. Final aggregation levels exhibited no change from Day 1 to Day 21 with adenosine diphosphate and epinephrine, but a decline with collagen (Day 7) and ristocetin (Day 17). CONCLUSION This in vitro study of coagulation properties demonstrates preservation of normal integrated coagulation function to a minimum of 11 days under standard conditions of refrigerated storage of WB for transfusion. These observations strongly suggest that the hemostatic quality of WB may extend beyond current transfusion practices. If confirmed clinically, this would increase availability and extend benefits of reduced donor exposure and transfusion requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Jobes
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
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Troubleshooting in platelet storage temperature and new perspectives through proteomics. BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2010; 8 Suppl 3:s73-81. [PMID: 20606754 DOI: 10.2450/2010.012s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Kulkarni S, Kannan M, Atreya CD. Omic Approaches to Quality Biomarkers for Stored Platelets: Are We There Yet? Transfus Med Rev 2010; 24:211-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2010.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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23
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Thiele T, Steil L, Völker U, Greinacher A. Transfusion medicine and proteomics. Alliance or coexistence? BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2010; 8 Suppl 3:s16-25. [PMID: 20606745 PMCID: PMC2897188 DOI: 10.2450/2010.004s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Thiele
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany.
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Glycans and glycosylation of platelets: current concepts and implications for transfusion. Curr Opin Hematol 2009; 15:606-11. [PMID: 18832932 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0b013e328313e3bd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Platelet products are currently stored at room temperature, because refrigeration causes their rapid clearance from the circulation upon transfusion. Glycans have recently been emphasized as important determinants for the clearance of refrigerated platelets. The present review addresses the current knowledge of platelet glycans and the potential of glycosylation for improving platelet storage. RECENT FINDINGS Removal of refrigerated platelets from the circulation is partly mediated by recognition of clustered beta-N-acetylglucosamine on platelet surface glycoproteins by the alphaMbeta2 hepatic lectin receptor. Capping the exposed beta-N-acetylglucosamine residues by enzymatic galactosylation restored the circulation of short-term chilled murine platelets, introducing a novel method that allows for cold storage of platelet. Recent studies have, however, shown that galactosylation is not sufficient to restore circulation of long-term refrigerated platelets. Additional data indicate that differential carbohydrate-mediated mechanisms may exist for clearance of short-term and long-term cold-stored platelets. SUMMARY Room temperature storage of platelet products increases the risk of transfusion-mediated sepsis and accelerates platelet deterioration, limiting platelet shelf life. Recent evidence suggests that glycoengineering of platelets might allow for their cold storage, significantly improving the quality of platelet products.
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Stiegler G, Fischer G, Ramanathan G, Bencur P, Weigel G, Mannhalter C. P-selectin mRNA is maintained in platelet concentrates stored at 4 degrees C. Transfusion 2009; 49:921-7. [PMID: 19175547 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.02073.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelets (PLTs) contain mRNA and synthesize proteins in response to activation. Most guidelines for PLT concentrates (PCs) recommend ambient temperature for storage but the impact of the storage temperature on PLT mRNA content has not yet been investigated. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Ten leukoreduced apheresis PCs were split and stored at 22 and 4 degrees C. P-selectin mRNA, its expression on PLTs, and its soluble form were quantified. In parallel, cellular (cell count, mean PLT volume), metabolic (pH, pO(2), pCO(2), HCO(3), glucose), and functional markers (swirling, hypotonic shock response, aggregation to collagen) were analyzed. Rotation thrombelastography was used to monitor the hemostatic potential of PLTs. All measurements were performed on Days 1 and 5 of storage. RESULTS After 5 days of storage at 4 degrees C, only 31 +/- 27 percent of P-selectin mRNA and 29 +/- 41 percent of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase mRNA were lost, while minute amounts of the mRNAs were detectable at 22 degrees C. In PCs stored at 4 degrees C the percentage of P-selectin-positive PLTs was significantly higher when compared to PCs stored at 22 degrees C. Soluble P-selectin concentrations did not significantly differ between both storage temperatures. Thrombelastography revealed significantly shorter reaction times in PLTs kept at 4 degrees C. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that storage at 4 degrees C is accompanied by maintained mRNA levels. PLTs with intact mRNA levels and short reaction times in thrombelastography might be functionally superior to PLTs that are devoid of mRNA and show less augmented P-selectin surface expression. In therapeutic applications, that is, if PLTs are transfused to control acute bleeding, PLTs kept at 4 degrees C may be advantageous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Stiegler
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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