1
|
Yamamoto Y, Yamamoto M, Hirouchi H, Taniguchi S, Watanabe G, Matsunaga S, Abe S. Regeneration process of myotendinous junction injury induced by collagenase injection between Achilles tendon and soleus muscle in mice. Anat Sci Int 2024; 99:138-145. [PMID: 37987921 DOI: 10.1007/s12565-023-00748-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Recently, it has become clear that peri-muscular tissues play a significant role in the deterioration of muscle function. Understanding the function and regeneration of muscle, as well as its surrounding tissues, is crucial to determining the causes of muscular illnesses. However, the regeneration process of the myotendinous junction (MTJ), the most closely related peri-muscular tissue, is still unknown. Therefore, we generated a mouse model of MTJ injury by collagenase injection and searched for the process of regeneration of the MTJ and its adjacent regions. The MTJ region was damaged by collagenase injection, which greatly increased the tendon cross sectional area. Collagenase injections increased the proportion of myofibers with a central nucleus, which is a characteristic of regenerating muscle. The collagenase injection group had myofibers with central nuclei and expressing MTJ markers. Additionally, we measured the length of MTJs using serial cross sections of the soleus muscle and discovered that MTJs at 2 weeks after collagenase injection were shorter compared to the control group, with a propensity to progressively recover their length over time. The results showed that MTJs undergo morphological regeneration even when severely damaged, and that this regeneration occurs in conjunction with muscle regeneration. We anticipate that these findings will be valuable in upcoming research on motor unit regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Genji Watanabe
- Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Shinichi Abe
- Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Z, Wang X, Chen Y, Wang C, Chen L, Jiang M, Liu X, Zhang X, Feng Y, Xu J. Loss and recovery of myocardial mitochondria in mice under different tail suspension time: Apoptosis and mitochondrial fission, fusion and autophagy. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:1189-1202. [PMID: 37565298 PMCID: PMC10988507 DOI: 10.1113/ep090518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Long-term weightlessness in animals can cause changes in myocardial structure and function, in which mitochondria play an important role. Here, a tail suspension (TS) Kunming mouse (Mus musculus) model was used to simulate the effects of weightlessness on the heart. We investigated the effects of 2 and 4 weeks of TS (TS2 and TS4) on myocardial mitochondrial ultrastructure and oxidative respiratory function and on the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis and mitochondrial fission, autophagy and fusion-related signalling. Our study revealed significant changes in the ultrastructural features of cardiomyocytes in response to TS. The results showed: (1) mitochondrial swelling and disruption of cristae in TS2, but mitochondrial recovery and denser cristae in TS4; (2) an increase in the total number of mitochondria and number of sub-mitochondria in TS4; (3) no significant changes in the nuclear ultrastructure or DNA fragmentation among the two TS groups and the control group; (4) an increase in the bax/bcl-2 protein levels in the two TS groups, indicating increased activation of the bax-mediated apoptosis pathway; (5) no change in the phosphorylation ratio of dynamin-related protein 1 in the two TS groups; (6) an increase in the protein levels of optic atrophy 1 and mitofusin 2 in the two TS groups; and (7) in comparison to the TS2 group, an increase in the phosphorylation ratio of parkin and the ratio of LC3II to LC3I in TS4, suggesting an increase in autophagy. Taken together, these findings suggest that mitochondrial autophagy and fusion levels increased after 4 weeks of TS, leading to a restoration of the bax-mediated myocardial apoptosis pathway observed after 2 weeks of TS. NEW FINDINGS: What is the central question of this study? What are the effects of 2 and 4 weeks of tail suspension on myocardial mitochondrial ultrastructure and oxidative respiratory function and on the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis and mitochondrial fission, autophagy and fusion-related signalling? What is the main finding and its importance? Increased mitochondrial autophagy and fusion levels after 4 weeks of tail suspension help to reshape the morphology and increase the number of myocardial mitochondria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- College of Life SciencesQufu Normal UniversityQufuShandongChina
| | - Xing‐Chen Wang
- College of Life SciencesQufu Normal UniversityQufuShandongChina
| | - Ya‐Fei Chen
- College of Life SciencesQufu Normal UniversityQufuShandongChina
| | - Chuan‐Li Wang
- College of Life SciencesQufu Normal UniversityQufuShandongChina
| | - Le Chen
- College of Life SciencesQufu Normal UniversityQufuShandongChina
| | - Ming‐Yue Jiang
- College of Life SciencesQufu Normal UniversityQufuShandongChina
| | - Xi‐Wei Liu
- College of Life SciencesQufu Normal UniversityQufuShandongChina
| | - Xiao‐Xuan Zhang
- College of Life SciencesQufu Normal UniversityQufuShandongChina
| | - Yong‐Zhen Feng
- College of Life SciencesQufu Normal UniversityQufuShandongChina
| | - Jin‐Hui Xu
- College of Life SciencesQufu Normal UniversityQufuShandongChina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Neilson DE, Zech M, Hufnagel RB, Slone J, Wang X, Homan S, Gutzwiller LM, Leslie EJ, Leslie ND, Xiao J, Hedera P, LeDoux MS, Gebelein B, Wilbert F, Eckenweiler M, Winkelmann J, Gilbert DL, Huang T. A Novel Variant of ATP5MC3 Associated with Both Dystonia and Spastic Paraplegia. Mov Disord 2022; 37:375-383. [PMID: 34636445 PMCID: PMC8840961 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a large pedigree with an unusual phenotype of spastic paraplegia or dystonia and autosomal dominant inheritance, linkage analysis previously mapped the disease to chromosome 2q24-2q31. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to identify the genetic cause and molecular basis of an unusual autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia and dystonia. METHODS Whole exome sequencing following linkage analysis was used to identify the genetic cause in a large family. Cosegregation analysis was also performed. An additional 384 individuals with spastic paraplegia or dystonia were screened for pathogenic sequence variants in the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase membrane subunit C locus 3 gene (ATP5MC3). The identified variant was submitted to the "GeneMatcher" program for recruitment of additional subjects. Mitochondrial functions were analyzed in patient-derived fibroblast cell lines. Transgenic Drosophila carrying mutants were studied for movement behavior and mitochondrial function. RESULTS Exome analysis revealed a variant (c.318C > G; p.Asn106Lys) (NM_001689.4) in ATP5MC3 in a large family with autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia and dystonia that cosegregated with affected individuals. No variants were identified in an additional 384 individuals with spastic paraplegia or dystonia. GeneMatcher identified an individual with the same genetic change, acquired de novo, who manifested upper-limb dystonia. Patient fibroblast studies showed impaired complex V activity, ATP generation, and oxygen consumption. Drosophila carrying orthologous mutations also exhibited impaired mitochondrial function and displayed reduced mobility. CONCLUSION A unique form of familial spastic paraplegia and dystonia is associated with a heterozygous ATP5MC3 variant that also reduces mitochondrial complex V activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Derek E. Neilson
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Current: Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Michael Zech
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert B. Hufnagel
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Jesse Slone
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Current: Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, NY
| | - Xinjian Wang
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Shelli Homan
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Lisa M. Gutzwiller
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Elizabeth J. Leslie
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Nancy D. Leslie
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Jianfeng Xiao
- Departments of Neurology and Anatomy and Neurobiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Peter Hedera
- Department of Neurology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | - Mark S. LeDoux
- University of Memphis and Veracity Neuroscience LLC, Memphis, TN
| | - Brian Gebelein
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Friederike Wilbert
- Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders, University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Eckenweiler
- Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders, University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Lehrstuhl für Neurogenetik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, SyNergy, Munich, Germany
| | - Donald L. Gilbert
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Taosheng Huang
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Current: Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, NY
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Minafra P, Alviti F, Giovagnorio R, Cantisani V, Mazzoni G. Shear Wave Elastographic Study of the Myotendinous Junction of the Medial Gastrocnemius: Normal Patterns and Dynamic Evaluation. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2020; 39:2195-2200. [PMID: 32391612 DOI: 10.1002/jum.15330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The myotendinous junction (MTJ) represents a specialized anatomic region through which the contractile strength is transmitted from the muscle to the tendon. The integrity of this region is essential to permit force transmission and to optimize energy expenditure during walking, running, and globally for human movement. We evaluated the MTJ with shear wave elastography to assess its elasticity variation during a functional test. METHODS Forty professional soccer players were enrolled in the study. Shear wave elastography was performed at the level of the medial gastrocnemius MTJ both in a resting position and during a standing calf rise position to assess functional contraction. RESULTS All 40 participants were male, aged between 18 and 38 years (mean age, 25 years). The results of the elastographic study showed mean stiffness values ± SD of 4.19 ± 0.86 m/s for the right medial gastrocnemius and 4.20 ± 0.87 m/s for the left medial gastrocnemius with the muscle relaxed. During contraction, the stiffness values were 8.33 ± 0.5 m/s for the right medial gastrocnemius and 8.30 ± 0.48 m/s for the left medial gastrocnemius. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed an increase of stiffness at the level of the MTJ during muscle contraction. This result is in line with the physiologic stiffening of the MTJ to resist the high level of force applied during muscle contraction. Shear wave elastography could be a useful method to assess the characteristics of the MTJ under both physiologic and pathologic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Minafra
- Società Polisportiva Ars et Labor Football Club, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Federica Alviti
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine, and Orthopedics, Board of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
| | | | - Vito Cantisani
- Department of Radiology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianni Mazzoni
- Centro Studi Attività Motorie e Sportive, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang Y, Ying JB, Hong JJ, Li FC, Fu TT, Yang FY, Zheng GX, Yao XJ, Lou Y, Qiu Y, Xue WW, Zhu F. How Does Chirality Determine the Selective Inhibition of Histone Deacetylase 6? A Lesson from Trichostatin A Enantiomers Based on Molecular Dynamics. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:2467-2480. [PMID: 30784262 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) plays a key role in a variety of neurological disorders, which makes it attractive drug target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and memory/learning impairment. The selectivity of HDAC6 inhibitors (sHDAC6Is) are widely considered to be susceptible to the sizes of their Cap group and the physicochemical properties of their linker or zinc-binding group, which makes the discovery of new sHDAC6Is extremely difficult. With the discovery of the distinct selectivity between Trichostatin A (TSA) enantiomers, the chirality residing in the connective units between TSA's Cap and linker shows a great impact on its selectivity. However, the mechanism underlining ( S)-TSA's selectivity is still elusive, and the way chirality switches the selective ( S)-TSA to nonselective ( R)-TSA is unknown. In this study, multiple computational approaches were collectively applied to explore, validate, and differentiate the binding modes of two TSA enantiomers in HDACs (especially the HDAC6) at atomic level. First, two nonconservative residues (G200/M205 and Y197/F202 in HDAC1/6) in loop3 and four conservative residues deep inside the hydrophobic binding pocket were discovered as the decisive residues of ( S)-TSA's selectivity toward HDAC6. Then, a novel mechanism underlying the selectivity of ( S)-TSA toward HDAC6 was proposed, which was composed of the trigger by two nonconservative residues F202 and M205 in HDAC6 and a subsequently improved fit of ( S)-TSA deep inside HDAC6's hydrophobic binding pocket. TSA enantiomers were used as a molecular probe to explore the mechanism underlying sHDAC6Is' selectivity in this study. Because of their decisive roles in ( S)-TSA's selectivity to HDAC6, both F202 and M205 in HDAC6 should be especially considered in the discovery of novel sHDAC6Is.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Lab of Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Jun Biao Ying
- Lab of Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jia Jun Hong
- Lab of Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Feng Cheng Li
- Lab of Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ting Ting Fu
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Feng Yuan Yang
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Guo Xun Zheng
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xiao Jun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yan Lou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yunqing Qiu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Wei Wei Xue
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Lab of Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang Z, Jiang S, Cao J, Liu K, Xu S, Arfat Y, Guo Q, Chang H, Goswami N, Hinghofer‐Szalkay H, Gao Y. Novel findings on ultrastructural protection of skeletal muscle fibers during hibernation of Daurian ground squirrels: Mitochondria, nuclei, cytoskeleton, glycogen. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:13318-13331. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
| | - Shan‐Feng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an Shaanxi People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
| | - Kun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
| | - Shen‐Hui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
| | - Yasir Arfat
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
| | - Quan‐Ling Guo
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
| | - Hui Chang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
| | - Nandu Goswami
- Physiology Unit, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz Graz Austria
| | - Helmut Hinghofer‐Szalkay
- Physiology Unit, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz Graz Austria
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Suh HR, Park EH, Moon SW, Kim JW, Cho HY, Han HC. Apoptotic changes in a full-lengthened immobilization model of rat soleus muscle. Muscle Nerve 2018; 59:263-269. [PMID: 30338859 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lengthened immobilization may prevent muscle shortening, and help maintain normal muscle length. However, its apoptotic effects remain unclear. We evaluated the effects of long-term immobilization on apoptotic proteins. METHODS Rat soleus muscles were immobilized by casting in a neutral (NEUT) or lengthened (LENG) position for 21 days. We evaluated dynamic weight load and muscle atrophy following the 21-day period using hematoxylin and eosin staining. We measured Bax (pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member), MyoD (myogenic differentiation factor D), MYH (myosin heavy chain), and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase levels and examined apoptotic nucleus expression. RESULTS Decreased dynamic weight load and muscle atrophy changes were observed in LENG. Both NEUT and LENG showed significantly reduced levels of MYH. LENG showed a significant increase in Bax and MyoD expression as well as in the number of apoptotic nuclei. CONCLUSIONS Long-term lengthened immobilization may increase apoptotic changes and decrease muscle formation proteins in muscle. Muscle Nerve 59:263-269, 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Rim Suh
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Neuroscience Research Institute, Korea University, Seoul, 136-705, South Korea
| | - Eui Ho Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Neuroscience Research Institute, Korea University, Seoul, 136-705, South Korea
| | - Sun Wook Moon
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Neuroscience Research Institute, Korea University, Seoul, 136-705, South Korea
| | - Ji Won Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Baekseok University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwi Young Cho
- Department of Physical Therapy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Chul Han
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Neuroscience Research Institute, Korea University, Seoul, 136-705, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lim W. Optimal intensity of PNF stretching: maintaining the efficacy of stretching while ensuring its safety. J Phys Ther Sci 2018; 30:1108-1111. [PMID: 30154610 PMCID: PMC6110207 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.30.1108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] To investigate changes in hamstring flexibility in relation to intensity of
proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching and changes in pain over time, and
examine the correlations between pain level and target intensity or flexibility gain.
[Participants and Methods] Sixty-one healthy adults were randomly divided into 4 groups
(100% [P100], 70% [P70], 40% [P40], and 10% [P10] of maximum voluntary isometric
contraction) according to intensity of hold-relax stretching. Hamstring flexibility was
measured with the active knee extension test, and pain was measured using the visual
analogue scale. [Results] Concerning hamstring flexibility, P100 showed significant
differences from P40 and P10, and P70 was significantly different from P10. At
post-stretch, P100 significantly differed from P70, P40, and P10 in visual analogue scale.
At 1 day, P100 significantly differed from P40 and P10. Although there was a significant
correlation between post-stretch pain level and stretching intensity, there was no
significant correlation between pain level and flexibility improvement. [Conclusion]
Repetitive high-intensity stretching may cause heavy burden on muscle tissues, and pain
caused by high-intensity stretching can hinder muscle performance. Moderate stretching
intensity is recommended and considered conducive to maintaining the effects of stretching
while ensuring its safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wootaek Lim
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Welfare, Woosong University: Rm No. 506, Health and Medical Science Building, 171 Dongdaejeon-ro, Dong-gu, Daejeon 34606, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nielsen KB, Lal NN, Sheard PW. Age-related remodelling of the myotendinous junction in the mouse soleus muscle. Exp Gerontol 2018; 104:52-59. [PMID: 29421351 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The age-related loss of muscle mass and function predominantly affect muscles of the lower limbs and have largely been associated with decline in muscle fibre size and number, although the exact mechanisms underlying these losses are poorly understood. In addition, consistent reports that the loss of muscle strength exceeds that which can be explained by declines in muscle mass has widened the search for causes of sarcopenia to include supporting tissues such as the extracellular matrix and tendons. Although the changes to both muscle and tendon with age are well characterised, little work has focused on the interface between these two tissues, the myotendinous junction (MTJ). Given the crucial role for this structure in force transfer between muscle and tendon, we asked whether the myotendinous junction underwent structural changes with age in lower limb muscle. We used whole muscle to assess gross muscle and tendon morphology, and immunohistochemistry to determine fibre and MTJ profile number in young (6 months), middle aged (18 months) and elderly (24 months) C57BL/6 female mice. MTJ length was quantified using serial cross sections of the soleus muscle. We found an apparent 3.5-fold increase in MTJ profiles per cross section with no increase in fibre number in old mice, and found this to be a result of a doubling in length of the MTJ region with age. This coincided with an increase in proximal tendon length (31%), as well as an increase in collagen deposition between 6 and 24-months of age consistent with an expansion of the fibre termination area. These findings uncover a previously undescribed effect of ageing on the MTJ and open up new lines of investigation into the role of this structure in the age-related loss of muscle function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Navneet N Lal
- Department of Physiology, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen YW, Gregory C, Ye F, Harafuji N, Lott D, Lai SH, Mathur S, Scarborough M, Gibbs P, Baligand C, Vandenborne K. Molecular signatures of differential responses to exercise trainings during rehabilitation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 2. [PMID: 28845464 PMCID: PMC5568829 DOI: 10.15761/bgg.1000127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The loss and recovery of muscle mass and function following injury and during rehabilitation varies among individuals. While recent expression profiling studies have illustrated transcriptomic responses to muscle disuse and remodeling, how these changes contribute to the physiological responses are not clear. In this study, we quantified the effects of immobilization and subsequent rehabilitation training on muscle size and identified molecular pathways associated with muscle responsiveness in an orthopaedic patient cohort study. The injured leg of 16 individuals with ankle injury was immobilized for a minimum of 4 weeks, followed by a 6-week rehabilitation program. The maximal cross-sectional area (CSA) of the medial gastrocnemius muscle of the immobilized and control legs were determined by T1-weighted axial MRI images. Genome-wide mRNA profiling data were used to identify molecular signatures that distinguish the patients who responded to immobilization and rehabilitation and those who were considered minimal responders. RESULTS: Using 6% change as the threshold to define responsiveness, a greater degree of changes in muscle size was noted in high responders (−14.9 ± 3.6%) compared to low responders (0.1 ± 0.0%) during immobilization. In addition, a greater degree of changes in muscle size was observed in high responders (20.5 ± 3.2%) compared to low responders (2.5 ± 0.9%) at 6-week rehabilitation. Microarray analysis showed a higher number of genes differentially expressed in the responders compared to low responders in general; with more expression changes observed at the acute stage of rehabilitation in both groups. Pathways analysis revealed top molecular pathways differentially affected in the groups, including genes involved in mitochondrial function, protein turn over, integrin signaling and inflammation. This study confirmed the extent of muscle atrophy due to immobilization and recovery by exercise training is associated with distinct remodeling signature, which can potentially be used for evaluating and predicting clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Chen
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington DC, USA.,Department of Integrative Systems Biology, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Chris Gregory
- Department of Health Sciences and Research, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Fan Ye
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Naoe Harafuji
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Donovan Lott
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - San-Huei Lai
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Sunita Mathur
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, USA
| | - Mark Scarborough
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Parker Gibbs
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Celine Baligand
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Krista Vandenborne
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fontes-Oliveira CC, Steinz M, Schneiderat P, Mulder H, Durbeej M. Bioenergetic Impairment in Congenital Muscular Dystrophy Type 1A and Leigh Syndrome Muscle Cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45272. [PMID: 28367954 PMCID: PMC5377256 DOI: 10.1038/srep45272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle has high energy requirement and alterations in metabolism are associated with pathological conditions causing muscle wasting and impaired regeneration. Congenital muscular dystrophy type 1A (MDC1A) is a severe muscle disorder caused by mutations in the LAMA2 gene. Leigh syndrome (LS) is a neurometabolic disease caused by mutations in genes related to mitochondrial function. Skeletal muscle is severely affected in both diseases and a common feature is muscle weakness that leads to hypotonia and respiratory problems. Here, we have investigated the bioenergetic profile in myogenic cells from MDC1A and LS patients. We found dysregulated expression of genes related to energy production, apoptosis and proteasome in myoblasts and myotubes. Moreover, impaired mitochondrial function and a compensatory upregulation of glycolysis were observed when monitored in real-time. Also, alterations in cell cycle populations in myoblasts and enhanced caspase-3 activity in myotubes were observed. Thus, we have for the first time demonstrated an impairment of the bioenergetic status in human MDC1A and LS muscle cells, which could contribute to cell cycle disturbance and increased apoptosis. Our findings suggest that skeletal muscle metabolism might be a promising pharmacological target in order to improve muscle function, energy efficiency and tissue maintenance of MDC1A and LS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cibely C Fontes-Oliveira
- Unit of Muscle Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maarten Steinz
- Unit of Muscle Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Peter Schneiderat
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hindrik Mulder
- Unit of Molecular Metabolism, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Madeleine Durbeej
- Unit of Muscle Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Association of ACYP2 and TSPYL6 Genetic Polymorphisms with Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Han Chinese Population. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:5988-5995. [PMID: 27686078 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0086-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The development of ischemic stroke is associated with advanced age. Telomere length, as a marker of biological aging, has been reported to influence the risk of several age-related diseases, including ischemic stroke. Recent studies have identified the genetic variant within ACYP2 and TSPYL6 associated with shorter telomere length. The objective of this study is to investigate the putative association of ischemic stroke with common polymorphisms in ACYP2 and TSPYL6 genes in a Chinese Han population. We found that the risk alleles of six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including rs11125529, rs12615793, rs843711, rs11896604, and rs843706 within both ACYP2 and TSPYL6, and rs17045754 in ACYP2 gene, were related with increased risk of ischemic stroke according to both allelic and genotype association analyses. The significant correlations between ACYP2 and TSPYL6 SNPs and ischemic stroke risk were also observed in dominant, recessive, and additive models, respectively. Two blocks in high linkage disequilibrium were identified in this study, and two haplotypes were associated with higher ischemic stroke susceptibility. In conclusion, the genetic polymorphisms of ACYP2 and TSPYL6 are associated with increased risk of developing ischemic stroke. Further studies with larger sample sizes are required to validate our findings.
Collapse
|
13
|
Association between genetic risk score for telomere length and risk of breast cancer. Cancer Causes Control 2016; 27:1219-28. [PMID: 27581250 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-016-0800-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE While leukocyte telomere length (TL) has been associated with breast cancer risk, limited information is available regarding the role of genetically-determined TL on breast cancer risk. We investigated whether aggregated TL-associated variants are associated with the risk of breast cancer in 2,865 breast cancer cases and 2,285 controls from the Shanghai Breast Cancer Genetics Study. METHODS Six genetic variants, identified through a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of TL in European-ancestry participants, were included in the study. A separate sample [n = 1,536, from the Shanghai Women's Health Study (SWHS), for whom information on both phenotypical leukocyte TL and genetic information was collected] was used to evaluate the association of six variants with TL in Asians. Three genetic risk scores (GRSs), based on the number of alleles associated with shorter TL that each individual carries for the six variants, were derived for the study: un-weighted, internally weighted (from the SWHS), and externally weighted (from the European-ancestry GWAS study), and evaluated for their association with breast cancer risk by applying logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Both internally and externally weighted GRSs were significantly associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer (OR 0.83, 95 % CI 0.72-0.95 and OR 0.84, 95 % CI 0.74-0.96, respectively, for tertile 3 vs. tertile 1). Non-genetic risk factors for breast cancer (i.e., age, years of menstruation/reproduction, oral contraceptive usage, and BMI) did not modify the association between GRSs and the risk of breast cancer. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that short TL, determined by genetic factors, may be associated with a reduced susceptibility to breast cancer.
Collapse
|
14
|
Curzi D. Ultrastructural study of myotendinous junction plasticity: from disuse to exercise. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-016-0301-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
15
|
Curzi D, Sartini S, Guescini M, Lattanzi D, Di Palma M, Ambrogini P, Savelli D, Stocchi V, Cuppini R, Falcieri E. Effect of Different Exercise Intensities on the Myotendinous Junction Plasticity. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158059. [PMID: 27337061 PMCID: PMC4918954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Myotendinous junctions (MTJs) are anatomical regions specialized in transmission of contractile strength from muscle to tendon and, for this reason, a common site where acute injuries occur during sport activities. In this work we investigated the influence of exercise intensity on MTJ plasticity, as well as on the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and their receptors in muscle and tendon. Three groups of rats were analyzed: control (CTRL), slow-runner (RUN-S) and fast-runner (RUN-F) trained using a treadmill. Ultrastructural and morphometric analyses of distal MTJs from extensor digitorum longus muscles have been performed. Contractile strength and hypertrophy were investigated by using in vivo tension recordings and muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) analysis, respectively. mRNA levels of PGC-1α, vinculin, IGF-1Ea and TGF-β have been quantified in muscle belly, while IGF-1Ea, TGF-β and their receptors in tendon. Morphometry revealed an increased MTJ complexity and interaction surface between tissues in trained rats according to training intensity. CSA analysis excluded hypertrophy among groups, while muscle strength was found significantly enhanced in exercised rats in comparison to controls. In muscle tissue, we highlighted an increased mRNA expression of PGC-1α and vinculin in both trained conditions and of TGF-β in RUN-F. In tendon, we mainly noted an enhancement of TGF-β mRNA expression only in RUN-F group and a raise of Betaglycan tendon receptor mRNA levels proportional to exercise intensity. In conclusion, MTJ plasticity appears to be related to exercise intensity and molecular analysis suggests a major role played by TGF-β.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Curzi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Stefano Sartini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Michele Guescini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Davide Lattanzi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Michael Di Palma
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Patrizia Ambrogini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - David Savelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Vilberto Stocchi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Riccardo Cuppini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Falcieri
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
RNA sequencing reveals a slow to fast muscle fiber type transition after olanzapine infusion in rats. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123966. [PMID: 25893406 PMCID: PMC4404103 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Second generation antipsychotics (SGAs), like olanzapine, exhibit acute metabolic side effects leading to metabolic inflexibility, hyperglycemia, adiposity and diabetes. Understanding how SGAs affect the skeletal muscle transcriptome could elucidate approaches for mitigating these side effects. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were infused intravenously with vehicle or olanzapine for 24h using a dose leading to a mild hyperglycemia. RNA-Seq was performed on gastrocnemius muscle, followed by alignment of the data with the Rat Genome Assembly 5.0. Olanzapine altered expression of 1347 out of 26407 genes. Genes encoding skeletal muscle fiber-type specific sarcomeric, ion channel, glycolytic, O2- and Ca2+-handling, TCA cycle, vascularization and lipid oxidation proteins and pathways, along with NADH shuttles and LDH isoforms were affected. Bioinformatics analyses indicate that olanzapine decreased the expression of slower and more oxidative fiber type genes (e.g., type 1), while up regulating those for the most glycolytic and least metabolically flexible, fast twitch fiber type, IIb. Protein turnover genes, necessary to bring about transition, were also up regulated. Potential upstream regulators were also identified. Olanzapine appears to be rapidly affecting the muscle transcriptome to bring about a change to a fast-glycolytic fiber type. Such fiber types are more susceptible than slow muscle to atrophy, and such transitions are observed in chronic metabolic diseases. Thus these effects could contribute to the altered body composition and metabolic disease olanzapine causes. A potential interventional strategy is implicated because aerobic exercise, in contrast to resistance exercise, can oppose such slow to fast fiber transitions.
Collapse
|
17
|
Ratti F, Ramond F, Moncollin V, Simonet T, Milan G, Méjat A, Thomas JL, Streichenberger N, Gilquin B, Matthias P, Khochbin S, Sandri M, Schaeffer L. Histone deacetylase 6 is a FoxO transcription factor-dependent effector in skeletal muscle atrophy. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:4215-24. [PMID: 25516595 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.600916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is a severe condition of muscle mass loss. Muscle atrophy is caused by a down-regulation of protein synthesis and by an increase of protein breakdown due to the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy activation. Up-regulation of specific genes, such as the muscle-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase MAFbx, by FoxO transcription factors is essential to initiate muscle protein ubiquitination and degradation during atrophy. HDAC6 is a particular HDAC, which is functionally related to the ubiquitin proteasome system via its ubiquitin binding domain. We show that HDAC6 is up-regulated during muscle atrophy. HDAC6 activation is dependent on the transcription factor FoxO3a, and the inactivation of HDAC6 in mice protects against muscle wasting. HDAC6 is able to interact with MAFbx, a key ubiquitin ligase involved in muscle atrophy. Our findings demonstrate the implication of HDAC6 in skeletal muscle wasting and identify HDAC6 as a new downstream target of FoxO3a in stress response. This work provides new insights in skeletal muscle atrophy development and opens interesting perspectives on HDAC6 as a valuable marker of muscle atrophy and a potential target for pharmacological treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ratti
- From the Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; CNRS UMR 5239; Equipe Différenciation Neuromusculaire, Université de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France, Université Lyon 1; Hospices civils de Lyon
| | - Francis Ramond
- From the Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; CNRS UMR 5239; Equipe Différenciation Neuromusculaire, Université de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France, Université Lyon 1; Hospices civils de Lyon
| | - Vincent Moncollin
- From the Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; CNRS UMR 5239; Equipe Différenciation Neuromusculaire, Université de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France, Université Lyon 1; Hospices civils de Lyon
| | - Thomas Simonet
- From the Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; CNRS UMR 5239; Equipe Différenciation Neuromusculaire, Université de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France, Université Lyon 1; Hospices civils de Lyon
| | - Giulia Milan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy, and Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Alexandre Méjat
- From the Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; CNRS UMR 5239; Equipe Différenciation Neuromusculaire, Université de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France, Université Lyon 1; Hospices civils de Lyon
| | - Jean-Luc Thomas
- From the Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; CNRS UMR 5239; Equipe Différenciation Neuromusculaire, Université de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France, Université Lyon 1; Hospices civils de Lyon
| | | | - Benoit Gilquin
- INSERM U309, Institut Albert Bonniot, 38706 La Tronche Cedex, France
| | - Patrick Matthias
- Friedrich Miescher Institute, Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Saadi Khochbin
- INSERM U309, Institut Albert Bonniot, 38706 La Tronche Cedex, France
| | - Marco Sandri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy, and Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Laurent Schaeffer
- From the Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; CNRS UMR 5239; Equipe Différenciation Neuromusculaire, Université de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France, Université Lyon 1; Hospices civils de Lyon,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Fontes-Oliveira CC, Busquets S, Toledo M, Penna F, Paz Aylwin M, Sirisi S, Silva AP, Orpí M, García A, Sette A, Inês Genovese M, Olivan M, López-Soriano FJ, Argilés JM. Mitochondrial and sarcoplasmic reticulum abnormalities in cancer cachexia: altered energetic efficiency? Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013. [PMID: 23200745 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cachexia is a wasting condition that manifests in several types of cancer, and the main characteristic is the profound loss of muscle mass. METHODS The Yoshida AH-130 tumor model has been used and the samples have been analyzed using transmission electronic microscopy, real-time PCR and Western blot techniques. RESULTS Using in vivo cancer cachectic model in rats, here we show that skeletal muscle loss is accompanied by fiber morphologic alterations such as mitochondrial disruption, dilatation of sarcoplasmic reticulum and apoptotic nuclei. Analyzing the expression of some factors related to proteolytic and thermogenic processes, we observed in tumor-bearing animals an increased expression of genes involved in proteolysis such as ubiquitin ligases Muscle Ring Finger 1 (MuRF-1) and Muscle Atrophy F-box protein (MAFBx). Moreover, an overexpression of both sarco/endoplasmic Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA1) and adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT1), both factors related to cellular energetic efficiency, was observed. Tumor burden also leads to a marked decreased in muscle ATP content. CONCLUSIONS In addition to muscle proteolysis, other ATP-related pathways may have a key role in muscle wasting, both directly by increasing energetic inefficiency, and indirectly, by affecting the sarcoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial assembly that is essential for muscle function and homeostasis. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The present study reports profound morphological changes in cancer cachectic muscle, which are visualized mainly in alterations in sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. These alterations are linked to pathways that can account for energy inefficiency associated with cancer cachexia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cibely Cristine Fontes-Oliveira
- Cancer Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645 08028-Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Codd V, Nelson CP, Albrecht E, Mangino M, Deelen J, Buxton JL, Jan Hottenga J, Fischer K, Esko T, Surakka I, Broer L, Nyholt DR, Mateo Leach I, Salo P, Hägg S, Matthews MK, Palmen J, Norata GD, O’Reilly PF, Saleheen D, Amin N, Balmforth AJ, Beekman M, de Boer RA, Böhringer S, Braund PS, Burton PR, de Craen AJM, Denniff M, Dong Y, Douroudis K, Dubinina E, Eriksson JG, Garlaschelli K, Guo D, Hartikainen AL, Henders AK, Houwing-Duistermaat JJ, Kananen L, Karssen LC, Kettunen J, Klopp N, Lagou V, van Leeuwen EM, Madden PA, Mägi R, Magnusson PK, Männistö S, McCarthy MI, Medland SE, Mihailov E, Montgomery GW, Oostra BA, Palotie A, Peters A, Pollard H, Pouta A, Prokopenko I, Ripatti S, Salomaa V, Suchiman HED, Valdes AM, Verweij N, Viñuela A, Wang X, Wichmann HE, Widen E, Willemsen G, Wright MJ, Xia K, Xiao X, van Veldhuisen DJ, Catapano AL, Tobin MD, Hall AS, Blakemore AI, van Gilst WH, Zhu H, Erdmann J, Reilly MP, Kathiresan S, Schunkert H, Talmud PJ, Pedersen NL, Perola M, Ouwehand W, Kaprio J, Martin NG, van Duijn CM, Hovatta I, Gieger C, Metspalu A, Boomsma DI, Jarvelin MR, Slagboom PE, Thompson JR, Spector TD, van der Harst P, Samani NJ. Identification of seven loci affecting mean telomere length and their association with disease. Nat Genet 2013; 45:422-7, 427e1-2. [PMID: 23535734 PMCID: PMC4006270 DOI: 10.1038/ng.2528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 699] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Interindividual variation in mean leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is associated with cancer and several age-associated diseases. We report here a genome-wide meta-analysis of 37,684 individuals with replication of selected variants in an additional 10,739 individuals. We identified seven loci, including five new loci, associated with mean LTL (P < 5 × 10(-8)). Five of the loci contain candidate genes (TERC, TERT, NAF1, OBFC1 and RTEL1) that are known to be involved in telomere biology. Lead SNPs at two loci (TERC and TERT) associate with several cancers and other diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Moreover, a genetic risk score analysis combining lead variants at all 7 loci in 22,233 coronary artery disease cases and 64,762 controls showed an association of the alleles associated with shorter LTL with increased risk of coronary artery disease (21% (95% confidence interval, 5-35%) per standard deviation in LTL, P = 0.014). Our findings support a causal role of telomere-length variation in some age-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veryan Codd
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK,NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Christopher P. Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK,NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Eva Albrecht
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Joris Deelen
- Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands,Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica L. Buxton
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jouke Jan Hottenga
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Krista Fischer
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ida Surakka
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Public Health Genomics Unit, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Linda Broer
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands,Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dale R. Nyholt
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Irene Mateo Leach
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Perttu Salo
- Public Health Genomics Unit, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sara Hägg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mary K. Matthews
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Jutta Palmen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Univerisity College London, London, UK
| | - Giuseppe D. Norata
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy,Centro SISA per lo Studio dell'Aterosclerosi, Bassini Hospital, Cinisello B, Italy,The Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| | - Paul F. O’Reilly
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK,MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Danish Saleheen
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anthony J. Balmforth
- Division of Epidemiology, LIGHT, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Marian Beekman
- Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands,Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rudolf A. de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Böhringer
- Section of Medical Statistics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter S. Braund
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Paul R. Burton
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Anton J. M. de Craen
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew Denniff
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Yanbin Dong
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | | | - Elena Dubinina
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Johan G. Eriksson
- Public Health Genomics Unit, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland,University of Helsinki, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Helsinki, Finland,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland,Unit of General Practice, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katia Garlaschelli
- Centro SISA per lo Studio dell'Aterosclerosi, Bassini Hospital, Cinisello B, Italy
| | - Dehuang Guo
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Anna-Liisa Hartikainen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine/Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Jeanine J. Houwing-Duistermaat
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands,Section of Medical Statistics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Kananen
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland,Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lennart C. Karssen
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes Kettunen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Public Health Genomics Unit, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Norman Klopp
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,Hanover Unified Biobank, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Vasiliki Lagou
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Pamela A. Madden
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Patrik K.E. Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Satu Männistö
- Public Health Genomics Unit, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mark I. McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK,Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK,Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | - Ben A. Oostra
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK,Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki and the Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Annette Peters
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Helen Pollard
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Anneli Pouta
- Institute of Clinical Medicine/Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland,National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland
| | - Inga Prokopenko
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Public Health Genomics Unit, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland,Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Public Health Genomics Unit, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - H. Eka D. Suchiman
- Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ana M. Valdes
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Viñuela
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - H.-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany,KlinikumGrosshadern, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Widen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Kai Xia
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Xiangjun Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dirk J. van Veldhuisen
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alberico L. Catapano
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy,IRCCS Multimedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Martin D. Tobin
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Alistair S. Hall
- Division of Epidemiology, LIGHT, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Wiek H. van Gilst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Haidong Zhu
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Muredach P. Reilly
- The Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sekar Kathiresan
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Philippa J. Talmud
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Univerisity College London, London, UK
| | - Nancy L. Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Markus Perola
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Public Health Genomics Unit, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Willem Ouwehand
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK,Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,University of Helsinki, Hjelt Institute, Department of Public Health, Helsinki, Finland,Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Cornelia M. van Duijn
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands,Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Iiris Hovatta
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland,Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Finland,Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Dorret I. Boomsma
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK,MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK,Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland,Department of Lifecourse and Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland
| | - P. Eline Slagboom
- Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands,Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - John R. Thompson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Tim D. Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK,Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands,Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nilesh J. Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK,NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Apoptosis is a tightly regulated biological process that plays an important role in coordinating cellular proliferation and differentiation. The pathological consequences of aberrant regulation of apoptosis have been widely demonstrated in carcinogenesis, neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmune diseases, viral infections, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The study of apoptosis has been initiated in skeletal muscle biology. Consistent data have indicated the activation of apoptotic events in muscle atrophic conditions including neuromuscular diseases, muscle disuse, and sarcopenia. Although these results seem to link apoptosis to muscle atrophy, the causative role of apoptosis in this process still needs to be established. Further perspective studies are desired to reveal the precise mechanism and the exact physiologic role of apoptosis in muscle adaptation. This article aims to stimulate research into apoptosis in skeletal muscle. It reviews the apoptotic response of skeletal muscle to the atrophic conditions, namely, denervation, disuse, and aging, and discusses the proposed potential physiological links of apoptosis with muscle loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parco M Siu
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Feng Z, Bai L, Yan J, Li Y, Shen W, Wang Y, Wertz K, Weber P, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Liu J. Mitochondrial dynamic remodeling in strenuous exercise-induced muscle and mitochondrial dysfunction: regulatory effects of hydroxytyrosol. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 50:1437-46. [PMID: 21421045 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2010] [Revised: 02/19/2011] [Accepted: 03/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Physical exercise is considered to exert a positive effect on health, whereas strenuous or excessive exercise (Exe) causes fatigue and damage to muscle and immune functions. The underlying molecular mechanisms are still unclear. We designed a protocol to mimic Exe and explore the ensuing cellular damage and involvement of mitochondrial dynamics. We found that Exe was prone to decrease endurance capacity and induce damage to renal function and the immune system. Muscle atrophy markers atrogin-1 and MuRF1 mRNA were increased by Exe, accompanied by increased autophagy and mitochondrial fission in skeletal muscle. Exe caused a decrease in PGC-1α and complex I expression; it also activated JNK and Erk1/2 pathways and consequently induced p53, p21, and MnSOD expression in skeletal muscle. The involvement of oxidant-induced autophagy and mitochondrial dysfunction was confirmed in C2C12 myoblasts. Hydroxytyrosol (HT), a natural olive polyphenol, efficiently enhanced endurance capacity and prevented Exe-induced renal and immune system damage. Also, HT treatment inhibited both the Exe-induced increase in autophagy and mitochondrial fission and the decrease in PGC-1α expression. In addition, HT enhanced mitochondrial fusion and mitochondrial complex I and II activities in muscle of Exe rats. These results demonstrate that Exe-induced fatigue and damage to muscle and immune functions may be mediated via the regulation of mitochondrial dynamic remodeling, including the downregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and upregulation of autophagy. HT supplementation may regulate mitochondrial dynamic remodeling and enhance antioxidant defenses and thus improve exercise capacity under Exe conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Feng
- Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
de Weger RA, Schipper ME, Koning ESD, van der Weide P, van Oosterhout MF, Quadir R, Steenbergen-Nakken H, Lahpor JR, de Jonge N, Bovenschen N. Proteomic profiling of the human failing heart after left ventricular assist device support. J Heart Lung Transplant 2011; 30:497-506. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2010.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2010] [Revised: 11/04/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
23
|
Kim EH, Lee MJ, Kim IH, Pyo SN, Choi KT, Rhee DK. Anti-apoptotic Effects of Red Ginseng on Oxidative Stress Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide in SK-N-SH Cells. J Ginseng Res 2010. [DOI: 10.5142/jgr.2010.34.2.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
|
24
|
Chingui LJ, Braquinho RP, Severi MTM, Silva CAD. Comportamento quimiometabólico do músculo sóleo na fase aguda da imobilização articular. FISIOTERAPIA E PESQUISA 2008. [DOI: 10.1590/s1809-29502008000200014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
O objetivo foi avaliar o perfil fisiológico do músculo sóleo na fase aguda da imobilização articular na posição de 90o. Ratos Wistar foram divididos em 4 grupos (n=6 cada): controle (C), imobilizado por 1 (Im1), 2 (Im2) e 3 dias (Im3). Após o período experimental, o músculo sóleo foi retirado e foram mensurados: o peso muscular, o índice de hidratação, a concentração de glicogênio e a concentração de DNA/proteínas totais. Os dados foram submetidos a análise estatística, com nível de significância fixado em p<0,05. No primeiro dia não houve alterações nas reservas glicogênicas, sendo observada redução progressiva das reservas: 53% no segundo dia e 65% no terceiro dia de imobilização. O peso muscular sofreu redução de 28,57% apenas no terceiro dia; o índice de hidratação aumentou 6,44% no segundo e 8,58% no terceiro dia. As concentrações de DNA tiveram elevação de 43,18% no primeiro dia, 59,09% no segundo e 75% no terceiro. Quanto à concentração de proteínas totais, houve elevação de 45,9% no primeiro dia, 32,25% no segundo e 58,95% no terceiro dia. Os resultados sugerem que a hipotrofia muscular é um processo desencadeado precocemente, envolvendo alterações quimiofisiológicas que são deflagradas na fase aguda da imobilização.
Collapse
|