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Ding Z, Greenberg ZF, Serafim MF, Ali S, Jamieson JC, Traktuev DO, March K, He M. Understanding molecular characteristics of extracellular vesicles derived from different types of mesenchymal stem cells for therapeutic translation. EXTRACELLULAR VESICLE 2024; 3:100034. [PMID: 38957857 PMCID: PMC11218754 DOI: 10.1016/j.vesic.2024.100034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been studied for decades as candidates for cellular therapy, and their secretome, including secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs), has been identified to contribute significantly to regenerative and reparative functions. Emerging evidence has suggested that MSC-EVs alone, could be used as therapeutics that emulate the biological function of MSCs. However, just as with MSCs, MSC-EVs have been shown to vary in composition, depending on the tissue source of the MSCs as well as the protocols employed in culturing the MSCs and obtaining the EVs. Therefore, the importance of careful choice of cell sources and culture environments is receiving increasing attention. Many factors contribute to the therapeutic potential of MSC-EVs, including the source tissue, isolation technique, and culturing conditions. This review illustrates the molecular landscape of EVs derived from different types of MSC cells along with culture strategies. A thorough analysis of publicly available omic datasets was performed to advance the precision understanding of MSC-EVs with unique tissue source-dependent molecular characteristics. The tissue-specific protein and miRNA-driven Reactome ontology analysis was used to reveal distinct patterns of top Reactome ontology pathways across adipose, bone marrow, and umbilical MSC-EVs. Moreover, a meta-analysis assisted by an AI technique was used to analyze the published literature, providing insights into the therapeutic translation of MSC-EVs based on their source tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuo Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Zachary F. Greenberg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Maria Fernanda Serafim
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Samantha Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Julia C. Jamieson
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Dmitry O. Traktuev
- UF Center for Regenerative Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Keith March
- UF Center for Regenerative Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Mei He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
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Chen S, Liang B, Xu J. Unveiling heterogeneity in MSCs: exploring marker-based strategies for defining MSC subpopulations. J Transl Med 2024; 22:459. [PMID: 38750573 PMCID: PMC11094970 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05294-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) represent a heterogeneous cell population distributed throughout various tissues, demonstrating remarkable adaptability to microenvironmental cues and holding immense promise for disease treatment. However, the inherent diversity within MSCs often leads to variability in therapeutic outcomes, posing challenges for clinical applications. To address this heterogeneity, purification of MSC subpopulations through marker-based isolation has emerged as a promising approach to ensure consistent therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we discussed the reported markers of MSCs, encompassing those developed through candidate marker strategies and high-throughput approaches, with the aim of explore viable strategies for addressing the heterogeneity of MSCs and illuminate prospective research directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowei Liang
- Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyong Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital (formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Fuqiang Avenue 1001, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China.
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Smolinska A, Bzinkowska A, Rybkowska P, Chodkowska M, Sarnowska A. Promising Markers in the Context of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Subpopulations with Unique Properties. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:1842958. [PMID: 37771549 PMCID: PMC10533301 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1842958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The heterogeneity of the mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) population poses a challenge to researchers and clinicians, especially those observed at the population level. What is more, the lack of precise evidences regarding MSCs developmental origin even further complicate this issue. As the available evidences indicate several possible pathways of MSCs formation, this diverse origin may be reflected in the unique subsets of cells found within the MSCs population. Such populations differ in specialization degree, proliferation, and immunomodulatory properties or exhibit other additional properties such as increased angiogenesis capacity. In this review article, we attempted to identify such outstanding populations according to the specific surface antigens or intracellular markers. Described groups were characterized depending on their specialization and potential therapeutic application. The reports presented here cover a wide variety of properties found in the recent literature, which is quite scarce for many candidates mentioned in this article. Even though the collected information would allow for better targeting of specific subpopulations in regenerative medicine to increase the effectiveness of MSC-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Smolinska
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Bzinkowska
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Rybkowska
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Chodkowska
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Sarnowska
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
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4
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Role and Function of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Fibroblast in Cutaneous Wound Healing. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061391. [PMID: 35740413 PMCID: PMC9219688 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin wounds often repair themselves completely over time; however, this is true only for healthy individuals. Although various studies are being conducted to improve wound-healing therapy outcomes, the mechanisms of wound healing and regeneration are not completely understood yet. In recent years, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been reported to contribute significantly to wound healing and regeneration. Understanding the function of MSCs will help to elucidate the fundamentals of wound healing. MSCs are multipotent stem cells that are used in regenerative medicine for their ability to self-renew and differentiate into bone, fat, and cartilage, with few ethical problems associated with cell harvesting. Additionally, they have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties and antifibrotic effects via paracrine signaling, and many studies have been conducted to use them to treat graft-versus-host disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and intractable cutaneous wounds. Many substances derived from MSCs are involved in the wound-healing process, and specific cascades and pathways have been elucidated. This review aims to explain the fundamental role of MSCs in wound healing and the effects of MSCs on fibroblasts.
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Strategies to enhance immunomodulatory properties and reduce heterogeneity in mesenchymal stromal cells during ex vivo expansion. Cytotherapy 2022; 24:456-472. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Identification and characterisation of maternal perivascular SUSD2 + placental mesenchymal stem/stromal cells. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 385:803-815. [PMID: 33961124 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03453-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that meet the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) criteria are obtained from placental tissue by plastic adherence. Historically, no known single marker was available for isolating placental MSCs (pMSCs) from the decidua basalis. As the decidua basalis is derived from the regenerative endometrium, we hypothesised that SUSD2, an endometrial perivascular MSC marker, would purify maternal perivascular pMSC. Perivascular pMSCs were isolated from the maternal placenta using SUSD2 magnetic bead sorting and assessed for the colony-forming unit-fibroblasts (CFU-F), surface markers, and in vitro differentiation into mesodermal lineages. Multi-colour immunofluorescence was used to colocalise SUSD2 and α-SMA, a perivascular marker in the decidua basalis. Placental stromal cell suspensions comprised 5.1%SUSD2+ cells. SUSD2 magnetic bead sorting of the placental stromal cells increased their purity approximately two-fold. SUSD2+ pMSCs displayed greater CFU-F activity than SUSD2- stromal fibroblasts (pSFs). However, both SUSD2+ pMSC and SUSD2- pSF underwent mesodermal differentiation in vitro, and both expressed the ISCT surface markers. Higher percentages of cultured SUSD2+ pMSCs expressed the perivascular markers CD146, CD140b, and SUSD2 than SUSD2- pSFs. These findings suggest that SUSD2 is a single marker that enriches maternal pMSCs, suggesting they may originate from eMSC. Placental decidua basalis can be used as an alternative source of MSC for clinical translation in situations where there is no access to endometrial tissue.
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Zha K, Yang Y, Tian G, Sun Z, Yang Z, Li X, Sui X, Liu S, Zhao J, Guo Q. Nerve growth factor (NGF) and NGF receptors in mesenchymal stem/stromal cells: Impact on potential therapies. Stem Cells Transl Med 2021; 10:1008-1020. [PMID: 33586908 PMCID: PMC8235142 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.20-0290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are promising for the treatment of degenerative diseases and traumatic injuries. However, MSC engraftment is not always successful and requires a strong comprehension of the cytokines and their receptors that mediate the biological behaviors of MSCs. The effects of nerve growth factor (NGF) and its two receptors, TrkA and p75NTR, on neural cells are well studied. Increasing evidence shows that NGF, TrkA, and p75NTR are also involved in various aspects of MSC function, including their survival, growth, differentiation, and angiogenesis. The regulatory effect of NGF on MSCs is thought to be achieved mainly through its binding to TrkA. p75NTR, another receptor of NGF, is regarded as a novel surface marker of MSCs. This review provides an overview of advances in understanding the roles of NGF and its receptors in MSCs as well as the effects of MSC‐derived NGF on other cell types, which will provide new insight for the optimization of MSC‐based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Zha
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries, PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Othopaedics, Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangzhao Tian
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries, PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Sun
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries, PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries, PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Li
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Sui
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries, PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries, PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinmin Zhao
- Department of Othopaedics, Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries, PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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8
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Harada S, Mabuchi Y, Kohyama J, Shimojo D, Suzuki S, Kawamura Y, Araki D, Suyama T, Kajikawa M, Akazawa C, Okano H, Matsuzaki Y. FZD5 regulates cellular senescence in human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells. Stem Cells 2020; 39:318-330. [PMID: 33338299 PMCID: PMC7986096 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSCs) have garnered enormous interest as a potential resource for cell‐based therapies. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating senescence in hMSCs remain unclear. To elucidate these mechanisms, we performed gene expression profiling to compare clonal immature MSCs exhibiting multipotency with less potent MSCs. We found that the transcription factor Frizzled 5 (FZD5) is expressed specifically in immature hMSCs. The FZD5 cell surface antigen was also highly expressed in the primary MSC fraction (LNGFR+THY‐1+) and cultured MSCs. Treatment of cells with the FZD5 ligand WNT5A promoted their proliferation. Upon FZD5 knockdown, hMSCs exhibited markedly attenuated proliferation and differentiation ability. The observed increase in the levels of senescence markers suggested that FZD5 knockdown promotes cellular senescence by regulating the noncanonical Wnt pathway. Conversely, FZD5 overexpression delayed cell cycle arrest during the continued culture of hMSCs. These results indicated that the intrinsic activation of FZD5 plays an essential role in negatively regulating senescence in hMSCs and suggested that controlling FZD5 signaling offers the potential to regulate hMSC quality and improve the efficacy of cell‐replacement therapies using hMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiko Harada
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yo Mabuchi
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jun Kohyama
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Shimojo
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sadafumi Suzuki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Kawamura
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Aging and Longevity Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Araki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Suyama
- Department of Life Science, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | | | - Chihiro Akazawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Intractable Disease Research Centre, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumi Matsuzaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Life Science, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
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9
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Liu J, Yan Z, Yang F, Huang Y, Yu Y, Zhou L, Sun Z, Cui D, Yan Y. Exosomes Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Accelerate Cutaneous Wound Healing by Enhancing Angiogenesis through Delivering Angiopoietin-2. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 17:305-317. [PMID: 32613452 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-09992-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSCs) and their exosomes (hucMSC-Exs), which play significant roles in skin wound healing, remain poorly understood. By using a rat model of deep second-degree burn injury, the roles of hucMSC-Exs in angiogenesis and cutaneous wound healing in vivo were investigated. We found that hucMSC-Exs accelerated skin wound healing and angiogenesis, inducing a higher wound-closure rate and increased expression of CD31 in vivo. We also discovered that hucMSC-Exs contained angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), and treatment with hucMSC-Exs enhanced the expression of the Ang-2 protein in the wound area and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) through exosomal-mediated Ang-2 transfer. Moreover, hucMSC-Exs promoted the proliferative, migratory, and tube-forming ability of HUVECs. Furthermore, overexpression of Ang-2 in hucMSC-Exs further enhanced HUVEC migration and tube formation and exerted therapeutic and proangiogenic effects in cutaneous wounds in rats, whereas knockdown of Ang-2 in hucMSC-Exs abrogated these therapeutic and proangiogenic effects. Taken together, our results indicated that hucMSC-Ex-derived Ang-2 plays a significant role in tube formation of HUVECs and promotion of angiogenesis, and further suggested that hucMSC-Ex-based therapy may serve as a promising therapeutic approach for promoting cutaneous wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwen Liu
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of High Technology Research on Exosomes Foundation and Transformation Application, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixin Yan
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuji Yang
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of High Technology Research on Exosomes Foundation and Transformation Application, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Huang
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of High Technology Research on Exosomes Foundation and Transformation Application, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Yu
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of High Technology Research on Exosomes Foundation and Transformation Application, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Zhou
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of High Technology Research on Exosomes Foundation and Transformation Application, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Sun
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of High Technology Research on Exosomes Foundation and Transformation Application, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Cui
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongmin Yan
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of High Technology Research on Exosomes Foundation and Transformation Application, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Akhlaghpasand M, Tizro M, Raoofi A, Meymand AZ, Farhadieh M, Khodagholi F, Khatmi A, Soltani R, Hoseini Y, Jahanian A, Boroujeni ME, Aliaghaei A. Grafted human chorionic stem cells restore motor function and preclude cerebellar neurodegeneration in rat model of cerebellar ataxia. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:615-625. [PMID: 32062747 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00543-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cerebellar ataxia (CA) is a form of ataxia that adversely affects the cerebellum. Cell replacement therapy (CRT) has been considered as a potential treatment for neurological disorders. In this report, we investigated the neuro-restorative effects of human chorionic stem cells (HCSCs) transplantation on rat model of CA induced by 3-acetylpyridine (3-AP). In this regard, HCSCs were isolated and phenotypically determined. Next, a single injection of 3-AP was administered for ataxia induction, and bilateral HCSCs implantation was conducted 3 days after 3-AP injection, followed by expression analysis of a number of apoptotic, autophagic and inflammatory genes as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level, along with assessment of cerebellar neurodegeneration, motor coordination and muscle activity. The findings revealed that grafting of HCSCs in 3-AP model of ataxia decreased the expression levels of several inflammatory, autophagic and apoptotic genes and provoked the up-regulation of VEGF in the cerebellar region, prevented the degeneration of Purkinje cells caused by 3-AP toxicity and ameliorated motor coordination and muscle function. In conclusion, these data indicate in vivo efficacy of HCSCs in the reestablishment of motor skills and reversal of CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadhosein Akhlaghpasand
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Tizro
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Raoofi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | | | | | - Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aysan Khatmi
- Cell Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School Of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Soltani
- Cell Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School Of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yadolah Hoseini
- Neurosurgery Department, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Jahanian
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Eskandarian Boroujeni
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Abbas Aliaghaei
- Cell Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School Of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Widowati W, Gunanegara RF, Rizal R, Widodo WS, Amalia A, Wibowo SHB, Handono K, Marlina M, Lister INE, Chiuman L. Comparative Analysis of Wharton’s Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cell (WJ-MSCs) Isolated Using Explant and Enzymatic Methods. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1374/1/012024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Zhang S, Liu D, Dong Y, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Zhou H, Guo L, Qi J, Qiang R, Tang M, Gao X, Zhao C, Chen X, Qian X, Chai R. Frizzled-9+ Supporting Cells Are Progenitors for the Generation of Hair Cells in the Postnatal Mouse Cochlea. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:184. [PMID: 31427926 PMCID: PMC6689982 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Lgr5+ cochlear supporting cells (SCs) have been reported to be hair cell (HC) progenitor cells that have the ability to regenerate HCs in the neonatal mouse cochlea, and these cells are regulated by Wnt signaling. Frizzled-9 (Fzd9), one of the Wnt receptors, has been reported to be used to mark neuronal stem cells in the brain together with other markers and mesenchymal stem cells from human placenta and bone marrow. Here we used Fzd9-CreER mice to lineage label and trace Fzd9+ cells in the postnatal cochlea in order to investigate the progenitor characteristic of Fzd9+ cells. Lineage labeling showed that inner phalangeal cells (IPhCs), inner border cells (IBCs), and third-row Deiters’ cells (DCs) were Fzd9+ cells, but not inner pillar cells (IPCs) or greater epithelial ridge (GER) cells at postnatal day (P)3, which suggests that Fzd9+ cells are a much smaller cell population than Lgr5+ progenitors. The expression of Fzd9 progressively decreased and was too low to allow lineage tracing after P14. Lineage tracing for 6 days in vivo showed that Fzd9+ cells could also generate similar numbers of new HCs compared to Lgr5+ progenitors. A sphere-forming assay showed that Fzd9+ cells could form spheres after sorting by flow cytometry, and when we compared the isolated Fzd9+ cells and Lgr5+ progenitors there were no significant differences in sphere number or sphere diameter. In a differentiation assay, the same number of Fzd9+ cells could produce similar amounts of Myo7a+ cells compared to Lgr5+ progenitors after 10 days of differentiation. All these data suggest that the Fzd9+ cells have a similar capacity for proliferation, differentiation, and HC generation as Lgr5+ progenitors and that Fzd9 can be used as a more restricted marker of HC progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Dingding Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Dong
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Zhou
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingna Guo
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jieyu Qi
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruiying Qiang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingliang Tang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Qian
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China.,Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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13
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Wang W, Han ZC. Heterogeneity of Human Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1123:165-177. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-11096-3_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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14
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Periasamy R, Surbek DV, Schoeberlein A. In vitro-microenvironment directs preconditioning of human chorion derived MSC promoting differentiation of OPC-like cells. Tissue Cell 2018; 52:65-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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15
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Global phenotypic characterisation of human platelet lysate expanded MSCs by high-throughput flow cytometry. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3907. [PMID: 29500387 PMCID: PMC5834600 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22326-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising cell source to develop cell therapy for many diseases. Human platelet lysate (PLT) is increasingly used as an alternative to foetal calf serum (FCS) for clinical-scale MSC production. To date, the global surface protein expression of PLT-expended MSCs (MSC-PLT) is not known. To investigate this, paired MSC-PLT and MSC-FCS were analysed in parallel using high-throughput flow cytometry for the expression of 356 cell surface proteins. MSC-PLT showed differential surface protein expression compared to their MSC-FCS counterpart. Higher percentage of positive cells was observed in MSC-PLT for 48 surface proteins, of which 13 were significantly enriched on MSC-PLT. This finding was validated using multiparameter flow cytometry and further confirmed by quantitative staining intensity analysis. The enriched surface proteins are relevant to increased proliferation and migration capacity, as well as enhanced chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation properties. In silico network analysis revealed that these enriched surface proteins are involved in three distinct networks that are associated with inflammatory responses, carbohydrate metabolism and cellular motility. This is the first study reporting differential cell surface protein expression between MSC-PLT and MSC-FSC. Further studies are required to uncover the impact of those enriched proteins on biological functions of MSC-PLT.
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16
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Ogata Y, Mabuchi Y, Shinoda K, Horiike Y, Mizuno M, Otabe K, Suto EG, Suzuki N, Sekiya I, Akazawa C. Anterior cruciate ligament-derived mesenchymal stromal cells have a propensity to differentiate into the ligament lineage. Regen Ther 2018; 8:20-28. [PMID: 30271862 PMCID: PMC6149186 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) consists of various components, such as collagen, elastin fibres, and fibroblasts. Because ACL has a poor regenerative ability, ACL reconstruction need require the use of autologous tendons. In recent years, tissue-resident stem cells have been studied to promote ACL regeneration as an alternatively method. However, the existence of stem cells in ligaments has not been clearly defined. Here, we prospectively isolated stem cells from ACLs and characterized their properties. Methods ACLs from 11 donors and bone marrows (BM) from 8 donors were obtained with total knee arthroplasty. We used flow cytometry to screen the cell surface markers on ACL cells. Frozen sections were prepared from patient ACL tissues and stained with specific antibodies. Cultured ACL-derived and BM-derived cells at passage 3 were differentiated into adipocytes, osteoblasts and tendon/ligament cells. Results ACL-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (ACL-MSCs) expressed high levels of CD73 and CD90. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that ACL-MSCs were located on the inner surface of ACL sinusoids. Furthermore, the expression of cell surface antigens was clearly different between ACL-MSCs and bone marrow (BM)-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) at the time of isolation, but the two cell populations became indistinguishable after long-term culture. Interestingly, ACL-MSCs are markedly different from BM-MSCs in their differentiation ability and have a high propensity to differentiate into ligament-committed cells. Conclusions Our findings suggest that ACL-MSCs express CD90 and CD73 markers, and their differentiation capacity is maintained even through culture. The cell population having tissue-specific properties is an important research target for investigating the ligament therapies. CD73+/90+ cell population in ACL have the highest colony forming ability and can differentiate into mesenchymal lineages. The expression pattern of cell surface antigen in CD73+/90+ ACL-MSCs become similar to that of BM-MSCs during culture. CD73+/90+ ACL-MSCs may be important for ligament regeneration therapies. CD73+/90+ ACL-MSCs may be important for ligament regeneration therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Ogata
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yo Mabuchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Shinoda
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Horiike
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Mizuno
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Otabe
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eriko Grace Suto
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuharu Suzuki
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sekiya
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chihiro Akazawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Mesenchymal stromal/stem cell separation methods: concise review. Cell Tissue Bank 2017; 18:443-460. [PMID: 28821996 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-017-9658-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem (stromal) cells (MSCs) possess unique biological characteristics such as plasticity, long term self-renewal, secretion of various bioactive molecules and ability of active migration to the diseased tissues that make them unique tool for regenerative medicine, nowadays. Until now MSCs were successfully derived from many tissue sources including bone marrow, umbilical cord, adipose tissue, dental pulp etc. The crucial step prior to their in vitro expansion, banking or potential clinical application is their separation. This review article aims to briefly describe the main MSCs separations techniques currently available, their basic principles, as well as their advantages and limits. In addition the attention is paid to the markers presently applicable for immunoaffinity-based separation of MSCs from different tissues and organs.
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18
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Choi YS, Park YB, Ha CW, Kim JA, Heo JC, Han WJ, Oh SY, Choi SJ. Different characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from different layers of full term placenta. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172642. [PMID: 28225815 PMCID: PMC5321410 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The placenta is a very attractive source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for regenerative medicine due to readily availability, non-invasive acquisition, and avoidance of ethical issues. Isolating MSCs from parts of placenta tissue has obtained growing interest because they are assumed to exhibit different proliferation and differentiation potentials due to complex structures and functions of the placenta. The objective of this study was to isolate MSCs from different parts of the placenta and compare their characteristics. Methods Placenta was divided into amniotic epithelium (AE), amniotic membrane (AM), chorionic membrane (CM), chorionic villi (CV), chorionic trophoblast without villi (CT-V), decidua (DC), and whole placenta (Pla). Cells isolated from each layer were subjected to analyses for their morphology, proliferation ability, surface markers, and multi-lineage differentiation potential. MSCs were isolated from all placental layers and their characteristics were compared. Findings Surface antigen phenotype, morphology, and differentiation characteristics of cells from all layers indicated that they exhibited properties of MSCs. MSCs from different placental layers had different proliferation rates and differentiation potentials. MSCs from CM, CT-V, CV, and DC had better population doubling time and multi-lineage differentiation potentials compared to those from other layers. Conclusions Our results indicate that MSCs with different characteristics can be isolated from all layers of term placenta. These finding suggest that it is necessary to appropriately select MSCs from different placental layers for successful and consistent outcomes in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Shin Choi
- Department of Surgery, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong-Beom Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chul-Won Ha
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Jin A Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Chul Heo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo-Jung Han
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo-Young Oh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Suk-Joo Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Mouse Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells Expressing Adipogenic and Osteogenic Transcription Factors Suppress the Macrophage Inflammatory Response. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:5846257. [PMID: 28191017 PMCID: PMC5278224 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5846257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal progenitor cell characteristics that can identify progenitor populations with specific functions in immunity are actively being investigated. Progenitors from bone marrow and adipose tissue regulate the macrophage (MΦ) inflammatory response by promoting the switch from an inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Conversely, mesenchymal progenitors from the mouse aorta (mAo) support and contribute to the MΦ response under inflammatory conditions. We used cell lines with purported opposing immune-regulatory function, a bone marrow derived mesenchymal progenitor cell line (D1) and a mouse aorta derived mesenchymal progenitor cell line (mAo). Their interaction and regulation of the MΦ cell response to the inflammatory mediator, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), was examined by coculture. As expected, D1 cells suppressed NO, TNF-α, and IL-12p70 production but MΦ phagocytic activity remained unchanged. The mAo cells enhanced NO and TNF-α production in coculture and enhanced MΦ phagocytic activity. Using flow cytometry and PCR array, we then sought to identify sets of MSC-associated genes and markers that are expressed by these progenitor populations. We have determined that immune-supportive mesenchymal progenitors highly express chondrogenic and tenogenic transcription factors while immunosuppressive mesenchymal progenitors highly express adipogenic and osteogenic transcription factors. These data will be useful for the isolation, purification, and modification of mesenchymal progenitors to be used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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20
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Kil K, Choi MY, Kong JS, Kim WJ, Park KH. Regenerative efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cells from human placenta in sensorineural hearing loss. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2016; 91:72-81. [PMID: 27863646 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hearing loss is a common chronic disorder characterized by decline of auditory function. The global population have suffered from deafness and the transplantation of stem cells is regarded as a therapeutic strategy for this disease. METHODS We collected placenta from a total of 13 samples of full term pregnant women and isolated MSCs derived from human placenta and transplanted MSCs on deaf animal model. The normal group and the sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) group and the experimental (transplanted MSCs) group were compared and estimated hearing level using auditory brainstem response (ABR) recordings and the otoacoustic emission (OAE) test. RESULTS ABR threshold value and DPOAE level showed that MSCs transplantation groups was improved than the SNHL group. And the number of spiral ganglion neurons were increased in all turn of the cochlea. And there was no evidence of acute immunological rejection and inflammation response was not observed. DISCUSSION This study is to evaluate regenerative efficacy of hearing loss by transplanting mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) derived from human placenta (amnion and chorion) in deaf animal model. We identified that MSCs transplantation restored auditory impairment and promoted cell regeneration. We hope to overcome sensorineural hearing loss by transplanting stem cells such as mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from easily accessible adult stem cell source in placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kicheol Kil
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi Young Choi
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, The Catholic University of Korea School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Sun Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Ho Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Current View on Osteogenic Differentiation Potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Derived from Placental Tissues. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2016; 11:570-85. [PMID: 25381565 PMCID: PMC4493719 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-014-9569-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) isolated from human term placental tissues possess unique characteristics, including their peculiar immunomodulatory properties and their multilineage differentiation potential. The osteogenic differentiation capacity of placental MSC has been widely disputed, and continues to be an issue of debate. This review will briefly discuss the different MSC populations which can be obtained from different regions of human term placenta, along with their unique properties, focusing specifically on their osteogenic differentiation potential. We will present the strategies used to enhance osteogenic differentiation potential in vitro, such as through the selection of subpopulations more prone to differentiate, the modification of the components of osteo-inductive medium, and even mechanical stimulation. Accordingly, the applications of three-dimensional environments in vitro and in vivo, such as non-synthetic, polymer-based, and ceramic scaffolds, will also be discussed, along with results obtained from pre-clinical studies of placental MSC for the regeneration of bone defects and treatment of bone-related diseases.
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22
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Lin J, Lu X, Lie P, Zeng L. Alginate-assisted enrichment and purification of mesenchymal stem cells. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra24384j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The umbilical cord contains different populations of stem/progenitor cells such as mesenchymal, hematopoietic, trophoblastic and endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510530
| | - Xuewen Lu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510530
| | - Puchang Lie
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510530
| | - Lingwen Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510530
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23
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Prospective isolation of resident adult human mesenchymal stem cell population from multiple organs. Int J Hematol 2015; 103:138-44. [PMID: 26676805 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-015-1921-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have the potential to form colonies in culture and reside in adult tissues. Because MSCs have been defined using cells cultured in vitro, discrepancies have arisen between studies concerning their properties. There are also differences between populations obtained using different isolation methods. This review article focuses on recent developments in the identification of novel MSC markers for the in vivo localization and prospective isolation of human MSCs. The prospective isolation method described in this study represents an important strategy for the isolation of MSCs in a short period of time, and may find applications for regenerative medicine. Purified MSCs can be tailored according to their intended clinical therapeutic applications. Lineage tracing methods define the MSC phenotype and can be used to investigate the physiological roles of MSCs in vivo. These findings may facilitate the development of effective stem cell treatments.
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Busser H, Najar M, Raicevic G, Pieters K, Velez Pombo R, Philippart P, Meuleman N, Bron D, Lagneaux L. Isolation and Characterization of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Subpopulations: Comparison of Bone Marrow and Adipose Tissue. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:2142-57. [PMID: 26086188 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Preparations of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are generally obtained from unfractionated tissue cells, resulting in heterogeneous cell mixtures. Several markers were proposed to enrich these cells, but the majority of these markers are defined for bone marrow (BM). Moreover, the surface markers of freshly isolated MSCs also differ from those of cultured MSCs in addition to a phenotypic variation depending on the MSC source. For tissue engineering applications, it is crucial to start with a well-defined cell population. In this study, we performed immunomagnetic selections with five single surface markers to isolate MSC subpopulations from BM and adipose tissue (AT): CD271, SUSD2, MSCA-1, CD44, and CD34. We determined the phenotype, the clonogenicity, the proliferation, the differentiation capacity, and the immunoregulatory profile of the subpopulations obtained in comparison with unselected cells. We showed that native BM-MSCs can be enriched from the positive fractions of MSCA-1, SUSD2, and CD271 selections. In contrast, we observed that SUSD2 and MSCA-1 were unable to identify MSCs from AT, meaning they are not expressed in situ. Only the CD34(+) selection successfully isolated MSCs from AT. Interestingly, we observed that CD271 selection can define AT cell subsets with particular abilities, but only in lipoaspiration samples and not in abdominoplasty samples. Importantly, we found a population of clear CD34(+) fresh BM-MSCs displaying different properties. A single marker-based selection for MSC enrichment should be more advantageous for cell therapy and would enable the standardization of efficient and safe therapeutic intervention through the use of a well-identified and homogeneous cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Busser
- 1 Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles , Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mehdi Najar
- 1 Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles , Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gordana Raicevic
- 1 Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles , Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karlien Pieters
- 1 Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles , Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rafael Velez Pombo
- 2 Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Iris South Hospitals (HIS) , Joseph Bracops Site, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Philippart
- 3 Department of Stomatology and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Iris South Hospitals (HIS) , Joseph Bracops Site, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Dominique Bron
- 4 Hematology, Jules Bordet Institute , Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Lagneaux
- 1 Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles , Brussels, Belgium
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25
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Ulrich C, Abruzzese T, Maerz JK, Ruh M, Amend B, Benz K, Rolauffs B, Abele H, Hart ML, Aicher WK. Human Placenta-Derived CD146-Positive Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Display a Distinct Osteogenic Differentiation Potential. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:1558-69. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Ulrich
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Tübingen Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tanja Abruzzese
- Department of Urology, University of Tübingen Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jan K. Maerz
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Tübingen Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Manuel Ruh
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Tübingen Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bastian Amend
- Department of Urology, University of Tübingen Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karin Benz
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- Department of Traumatology, BGU Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Harald Abele
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Tübingen Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Melanie L. Hart
- Department of Urology, University of Tübingen Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wilhelm K. Aicher
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Tübingen Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Urology, University of Tübingen Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
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Kusuma G, Manuelpillai U, Abumaree M, Pertile M, Brennecke S, Kalionis B. Mesenchymal stem cells reside in a vascular niche in the decidua basalis and are absent in remodelled spiral arterioles. Placenta 2015; 36:312-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2014.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Lv FJ, Tuan RS, Cheung KMC, Leung VYL. Concise review: the surface markers and identity of human mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cells 2015; 32:1408-19. [PMID: 24578244 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 707] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The concept of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is becoming increasingly obscure due to the recent findings of heterogeneous populations with different levels of stemness within MSCs isolated by traditional plastic adherence. MSCs were originally identified in bone marrow and later detected in many other tissues. Currently, no cloning based on single surface marker is capable of isolating cells that satisfy the minimal criteria of MSCs from various tissue environments. Markers that associate with the stemness of MSCs await to be elucidated. A number of candidate MSC surface markers or markers possibly related to their stemness have been brought forward so far, including Stro-1, SSEA-4, CD271, and CD146, yet there is a large difference in their expression in various sources of MSCs. The exact identity of MSCs in vivo is not yet clear, although reports have suggested they may have a fibroblastic or pericytic origin. In this review, we revisit the reported expression of surface molecules in MSCs from various sources, aiming to assess their potential as MSC markers and define the critical panel for future investigation. We also discuss the relationship of MSCs to fibroblasts and pericytes in an attempt to shed light on their identity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Juan Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China; Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Consortium, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China; Center for Reproduction, Development and Growth, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
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Systemic delivery of human bone marrow embryonic-like stem cells improves motor function of severely affected dystrophin/utrophin–deficient mice. Cytotherapy 2014; 16:1739-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Li H, Ghazanfari R, Zacharaki D, Ditzel N, Isern J, Ekblom M, Méndez-Ferrer S, Kassem M, Scheding S. Low/negative expression of PDGFR-α identifies the candidate primary mesenchymal stromal cells in adult human bone marrow. Stem Cell Reports 2014; 3:965-74. [PMID: 25454633 PMCID: PMC4264066 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2014.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Human bone marrow (BM) contains a rare population of nonhematopoietic mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which are of central importance for the hematopoietic microenvironment. However, the precise phenotypic definition of these cells in adult BM has not yet been reported. In this study, we show that low/negative expression of CD140a (PDGFR-α) on lin−/CD45−/CD271+ BM cells identified a cell population with very high MSC activity, measured as fibroblastic colony-forming unit frequency and typical in vitro and in vivo stroma formation and differentiation capacities. Furthermore, these cells exhibited high levels of genes associated with mesenchymal lineages and HSC supportive function. Moreover, lin−/CD45−/CD271+/CD140alow/− cells effectively mediated the ex vivo expansion of transplantable CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells. Taken together, these data indicate that CD140a is a key negative selection marker for adult human BM-MSCs, which enables to prospectively isolate a close to pure population of candidate human adult stroma stem/progenitor cells with potent hematopoiesis-supporting capacity. Comparative gene expression profiling identified MSC markers Primary adult bone marrow MSCs are CD140 (PDGFR-α) low/negative CD140alow/− cells have typical in vitro and in vivo MSC properties Coculture with CD140alow/− cells effectively expanded transplantable CD34+ HSCs
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhe Li
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | | | | | - Nicholas Ditzel
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Southern Denmark, Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (KMEB), Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - Joan Isern
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Marja Ekblom
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden; Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital Lund, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Simón Méndez-Ferrer
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Moustapha Kassem
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Southern Denmark, Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (KMEB), Odense 5000, Denmark; Stem Cell Unit, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia; Danish Stem Cell Center (DanStem), Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Stefan Scheding
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden; Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital Lund, 22184 Lund, Sweden.
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Pozzobon M, Franzin C, Piccoli M, De Coppi P. Fetal stem cells and skeletal muscle regeneration: a therapeutic approach. Front Aging Neurosci 2014; 6:222. [PMID: 25221507 PMCID: PMC4145352 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 40% of the body mass is represented by muscle tissue, which possesses the innate ability to regenerate after damage through the activation of muscle-specific stem cells, namely satellite cells. Muscle diseases, in particular chronic degenerative states of skeletal muscle such as dystrophies, lead to a perturbation of the regenerative process, which causes the premature exhaustion of satellite cell reservoir due to continuous cycles of degeneration/regeneration. Nowadays, the research is focused on different therapeutic approaches, ranging from gene and cell to pharmacological therapy, but still there is no definitive cure in particular for genetic muscle disease. Keeping this in mind, in this article, we will give special consideration to muscle diseases and the use of fetal derived stem cells as a new approach for therapy. Cells of fetal origin, from cord blood to placenta and amniotic fluid, can be easily obtained without ethical concern, expanded and differentiated in culture, and possess immune-modulatory properties. The in vivo approach in animal models can be helpful to study the mechanism underneath the operating principle of the stem cell reservoir, namely the niche, which holds great potential to understand the onset of muscle pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Pozzobon
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza , Padova , Italy
| | - Chiara Franzin
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza , Padova , Italy
| | - Martina Piccoli
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza , Padova , Italy
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital , London , UK
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Patil PB, Joshi M, Kuna VK, Xu B, Johannesson L, Olausson M, Sumitran-Holgersson S. TEMPORARY REMOVAL: CD271 identifies functional human hepatic stellate cells, which localize in peri-sinusoidal and portal areas in liver after partial hepatectomy. Cytotherapy 2014; 16:990-9. [PMID: 24831840 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are liver-resident mesenchymal cells involved in essential processes in the liver. However, knowledge concerning these cells in human livers is limited because of the lack of a simple isolation method. METHODS We isolated fetal and adult human liver cells by immunomagnetic beads coated with antibodies to a mesenchymal stromal cell marker (CD271) to enrich a population of HSCs. The cells were characterized by cell cultivation, immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Cells were injected into nude mice after partial hepatectomy to study in vivo localization of the cells. RESULTS In vitro, CD271(+) cells were lipid-containing cells expressing several HSC markers: the glial fibrillary acidic protein, desmin, vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin but negative for CK8, albumin and hepatocyte antigen. The cells produced several inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1A, IL-1B and IL-8 and matrix metalloproteinases MMP-1 and MMP-3 and inhibitors TIMP-1 and TIMP-2. In vivo, fetal CD271(+) cells were found in the peri-sinusoidal space and around portal vessels, whereas adult CD271(+) cells were found mainly in the portal connective tissue and in the walls of the portal vessels, which co-localized with α-smooth muscle actin or desmin. CD271(-) cells did not show this pattern of distribution in the liver parenchyma. CONCLUSIONS The described protocol establishes a method for isolation of mesenchymal cell precursors for hepatic stellate cells, portal fibroblasts and vascular smooth muscle cells. These cells provide a novel culture system to study human hepatic fibrogenesis, gene expression and transcription factors controlling HSC regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep B Patil
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Meghnad Joshi
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Vijay Kumar Kuna
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bo Xu
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Liza Johannesson
- Gynecology and Obstetrics at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Michael Olausson
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Suchitra Sumitran-Holgersson
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Harichandan A, Sivasubramaniyan K, Bühring HJ. Prospective isolation and characterization of human bone marrow-derived MSCs. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 129:1-17. [PMID: 22825720 DOI: 10.1007/10_2012_147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing interest in adult stem cells, especially mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), in hematology and regenerative medicine because of the simplicity of isolation and ex vivo expansion of these cells. Conventionally, MSCs are functionally isolated from tissue based on their capacity to adhere to the surface of culture flasks. This isolation procedure is hampered by the unpredictable influence of secreted molecules and interactions with co-cultured hematopoietic and other unrelated cells, as well as by the arbitrarily selected removal time of non-adherent cells prior to the expansion of MSCs. Finally, functionally isolated cells do not provide biological information about the starting population. To circumvent these limitations, several strategies have been developed to facilitate the prospective isolation of MSCs based on the selective expression or absence of surface markers. The isolation and ex vivo expansion of these cells require an adequate quality control of the source and product. Here we summarize the most frequently used markers and introduce new targets for antibody-based isolation and characterization of bone marrow-derived MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Harichandan
- Division of Haematology, Immunology, Oncology, Rheumatology, and Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Clinic of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Liu H, Murthi P, Qin S, Kusuma GD, Borg AJ, Knöfler M, Haslinger P, Manuelpillai U, Pertile MD, Abumaree M, Kalionis B. A novel combination of homeobox genes is expressed in mesenchymal chorionic stem/stromal cells in first trimester and term pregnancies. Reprod Sci 2014; 21:1382-94. [PMID: 24692208 DOI: 10.1177/1933719114526471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Human chorionic mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (CMSCs) derived from the placenta are similar to adult tissue-derived MSCs. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of these cells in normal placental development. Transcription factors, particularly members of the homeobox gene family, play crucial roles in maintaining stem cell proliferation and lineage specification in embryonic tissues. In adult tissues and organs, stem cells proliferate at low levels in their niche until they receive cues from the microenvironment to differentiate. The homeobox genes that are expressed in the CMSC niche in placental tissues have not been identified. We used the novel strategy of laser capture microdissection to isolate the stromal component of first trimester villi and excluded the cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast layers that comprise the outer layer of the chorionic villi. Microarray analysis was then used to screen for homeobox genes in the microdissected tissue. Candidate homeobox genes were selected for further RNA analysis. Immunohistochemistry of candidate genes in first trimester placental villous stromal tissue revealed homeobox genes Meis1, myeloid ectropic viral integration site 1 homolog 2 (MEIS2), H2.0-like Drosophila (HLX), transforming growth factor β-induced factor (TGIF), and distal-less homeobox 5 (DLX5) were expressed in the vascular niche where CMSCs have been shown to reside. Expression of MEIS2, HLX, TGIF, and DLX5 was also detected in scattered stromal cells. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry verified expression of MEIS2, HLX, TGIF, and DLX5 homeobox genes in first trimester and term CMSCs. These data suggest a combination of regulatory homeobox genes is expressed in CMSCs from early placental development to term, which may be required for stem cell proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, QiLu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Padma Murthi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia Department of Perinatal Medicine, Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sharon Qin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia Department of Perinatal Medicine, Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gina D Kusuma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia Department of Perinatal Medicine, Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anthony J Borg
- Department of Perinatal Medicine, Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Martin Knöfler
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal-Maternal Medicine, Reproductive Biology Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Haslinger
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal-Maternal Medicine, Reproductive Biology Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ursula Manuelpillai
- Centre for Genetic Diseases, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria
| | - Mark D Pertile
- VCGS, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Childrens Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mohamed Abumaree
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences/ King Abdulla International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bill Kalionis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia Department of Perinatal Medicine, Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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In vitro induction of alkaline phosphatase levels predicts in vivo bone forming capacity of human bone marrow stromal cells. Stem Cell Res 2014; 12:428-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Revised: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Zhang Y, Liang X, Lian Q, Tse HF. Perspective and challenges of mesenchymal stem cells for cardiovascular regeneration. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2013; 11:505-17. [PMID: 23570363 DOI: 10.1586/erc.13.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit multipotent differentiation potential and can be derived from embryonic, neonatal and adult differentiation stage III tissue sources. While increasing preclinical studies and clinical trials have indicated that MSC-based therapy is a promising strategy for cardiovascular regeneration, there are major challenges to overcome before this stem-cell technology can be widely applied in clinical settings. In this review, the following important issues will be addressed. First, optimal sources of MSC derivation suitable for myocardial repair are not determined. Second, assessments for preclinical and clinical studies of MSCs require more scientific data analysis. Third, mechanisms of MSC-based therapy for cardiovascular regeneration have not been fully understood yet. Finally, the potential benefit-risk ratio of MSC therapy needs to be evaluated systematically. Additionally, future development of MSC therapy will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuelin Zhang
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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36
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Corselli M, Crisan M, Murray IR, West CC, Scholes J, Codrea F, Khan N, Péault B. Identification of perivascular mesenchymal stromal/stem cells by flow cytometry. Cytometry A 2013; 83:714-20. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mihaela Crisan
- Department of Cell Biology; Erasmus MC Stem Cell Institute; Rotterdam; The Netherlands
| | - Iain R. Murray
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science and Centre for Regenerative Medicine; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh; United Kingdom
| | - Christopher C. West
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science and Centre for Regenerative Medicine; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh; United Kingdom
| | - Jessica Scholes
- Eli and Edythe Broad Stem Cell Research Center; Flow Cytometry Core, University of California; Los Angeles; California
| | - Felicia Codrea
- Eli and Edythe Broad Stem Cell Research Center; Flow Cytometry Core, University of California; Los Angeles; California
| | - Nusrat Khan
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science and Centre for Regenerative Medicine; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh; United Kingdom
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Prospective isolation of murine and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells based on surface markers. Stem Cells Int 2013; 2013:507301. [PMID: 23766770 PMCID: PMC3673454 DOI: 10.1155/2013/507301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are currently defined as multipotent stromal cells that undergo sustained in vitro growth and can give rise to cells of multiple mesenchymal lineages, such as adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts. The regenerative and immunosuppressive properties of MSCs have led to numerous clinical trials exploring their utility for the treatment of a variety of diseases (e.g., acute graft-versus-host disease, Crohn's disease, multiple sclerosis, osteoarthritis, and cardiovascular diseases including heart failure and myocardial infarction). On the other hand, conventionally cultured MSCs reflect heterogeneous populations that often contain contaminating cells due to the significant variability in isolation methods and the lack of specific MSC markers. This review article focuses on recent developments in the MSC research field, with a special emphasis on the identification of novel surface markers for the in vivo localization and prospective isolation of murine and human MSCs. Furthermore, we discuss the physiological importance of MSC subtypes in vivo with specific reference to data supporting their contribution to HSC niche homeostasis. The isolation of MSCs using selective markers (combination of PDGFRα and Sca-1) is crucial to address the many unanswered questions pertaining to these cells and has the potential to enhance their therapeutic potential enormously.
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Calloni R, Cordero EAA, Henriques JAP, Bonatto D. Reviewing and updating the major molecular markers for stem cells. Stem Cells Dev 2013; 22:1455-76. [PMID: 23336433 PMCID: PMC3629778 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2012.0637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells (SC) are able to self-renew and to differentiate into many types of committed cells, making SCs interesting for cellular therapy. However, the pool of SCs in vivo and in vitro consists of a mix of cells at several stages of differentiation, making it difficult to obtain a homogeneous population of SCs for research. Therefore, it is important to isolate and characterize unambiguous molecular markers that can be applied to SCs. Here, we review classical and new candidate molecular markers that have been established to show a molecular profile for human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). The commonly cited markers for embryonic ESCs are Nanog, Oct-4, Sox-2, Rex-1, Dnmt3b, Lin-28, Tdgf1, FoxD3, Tert, Utf-1, Gal, Cx43, Gdf3, Gtcm1, Terf1, Terf2, Lefty A, and Lefty B. MSCs are primarily identified by the expression of CD13, CD29, CD44, CD49e, CD54, CD71, CD73, CD90, CD105, CD106, CD166, and HLA-ABC and lack CD14, CD31, CD34, CD45, CD62E, CD62L, CD62P, and HLA-DR expression. HSCs are mainly isolated based on the expression of CD34, but the combination of this marker with CD133 and CD90, together with a lack of CD38 and other lineage markers, provides the most homogeneous pool of SCs. Here, we present new and alternative markers for SCs, along with microRNA profiles, for these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Calloni
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Centro de Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Fatimah SS, Tan GC, Chua K, Tan AE, Nur Azurah AG, Hayati AR. Effects of keratinocyte growth factor on skin epithelial differentiation of human amnion epithelial cells. Burns 2012; 39:905-15. [PMID: 23273814 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2012.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2012] [Revised: 10/21/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of KGF on the differentiation of cultured human amnion epithelial cells (HAECs) towards skin keratinocyte. HAECs at passage 1 were cultured in medium HAM's F12: Dulbecco's Modified Eagles Medium (1:1) supplemented with different concentrations of KGF (0, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 50 ng/ml KGF). Dose-response of KGF on HAECs was determined by morphological assessment; growth kinetic evaluation; immunocytochemical analysis; stemness and epithelial gene expression quantification with two step real time RT-PCR. KGF promotes the proliferation of HAECs with maximal effect observed at 10 ng/ml KGF. However, KGF decreased the stemness genes expression: Oct-3/4, Sox-2, Nanog3, Rex-1, FGF-4, FZD-9 and BST-1. KGF also down-regulates epithelial genes expression: CK3, CK18, CK19, Integrin-β1, p63 and involucrin in cultured HAECs. No significant difference on the gene expression was detected for each Nestin, ABCG-2, CK1 and CK14 in KGF-treated HAECs. Immunocytochemical analysis for both control and KGF-treated HAECs demonstrated positive staining against CK14 and CK18 but negative staining against involucrin. The results suggested that KGF stimulates an early differentiation of HAECs towards epidermal cells. Differentiation of KGF-treated HAECs to corneal lineage is unfavourable. Therefore, further studies are needed to elucidate the roles of KGF in the differentiation of HAECs towards skin keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simat Siti Fatimah
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Geok Chin Tan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Kienhui Chua
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Ay Eeng Tan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Abdul Ghani Nur Azurah
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Abdul Rahman Hayati
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Jalan Pandan Utama, 55100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Sivasubramaniyan K, Lehnen D, Ghazanfari R, Sobiesiak M, Harichandan A, Mortha E, Petkova N, Grimm S, Cerabona F, de Zwart P, Abele H, Aicher WK, Faul C, Kanz L, Bühring HJ. Phenotypic and functional heterogeneity of human bone marrow- and amnion-derived MSC subsets. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2012; 1266:94-106. [PMID: 22901261 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06551.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are nonhematopoietic cells that are able to differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes. In addition, they are known to participate in niche formation for hematopoietic stem cells and to display immunomodulatory properties. Conventionally, these cells are functionally isolated from tissue based on their capacity to adhere to the surface of culture flasks. This isolation procedure is hampered by the unpredictable influence of secreted molecules, the interactions between cocultured hematopoietic and other unrelated cells, and by the arbitrarily selected removal time of nonadherent cells before the expansion of MSCs. Finally, functionally isolated cells do not provide biological information about the starting population. To circumvent these limitations, several strategies have been developed to facilitate the prospective isolation of MSCs based on the selective expression, or absence, of surface markers. In this report, we summarize the most frequently used markers and introduce new targets for antibody-based isolation procedures of primary bone marrow- and amnion-derived MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavitha Sivasubramaniyan
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Hematology, Immunology, Oncology, Rheumatology and Pulmonology, University Clinic of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Fekete N, Rojewski MT, Fürst D, Kreja L, Ignatius A, Dausend J, Schrezenmeier H. GMP-compliant isolation and large-scale expansion of bone marrow-derived MSC. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43255. [PMID: 22905242 PMCID: PMC3419200 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have gained importance in tissue repair, tissue engineering and in immunosupressive therapy during the last years. Due to the limited availability of MSC in the bone marrow, ex vivo amplification prior to clinical application is requisite to obtain therapeutic applicable cell doses. Translation of preclinical into clinical-grade large-scale MSC expansion necessitates precise definition and standardization of all procedural parameters including cell seeding density, culture medium and cultivation devices. While xenogeneic additives such as fetal calf serum are still widely used for cell culture, its use in the clinical context is associated with many risks, such as prion and viral transmission or adverse immunological reactions against xenogeneic components. Methods and Findings We established animal-free expansion protocols using platelet lysate as medium supplement and thereby could confirm its safety and feasibility for large-scale MSC isolation and expansion. Five different GMP-compliant standardized protocols designed for the safe, reliable, efficient and economical isolation and expansion of MSC was performed and MSC obtained were analyzed for differentiation capacity by qPCR and histochemistry. Expression of standard MSC markers as defined by the International Society for Cellular Therapy as well as expression of additional MSC markers and of various chemokine and cytokine receptors was analysed by flow cytometry. Changes of metabolic markers and cytokines in the medium were addressed using the LUMINEX platform. Conclusions The five different systems for isolation and expansion of MSC described in this study are all suitable to produce at least 100 millions of MSC, which is commonly regarded as a single clinical dose. Final products are equal according to the minimal criteria for MSC defined by the ISCT. We showed that chemokine and integrin receptors analyzed had the same expression pattern, suggesting that MSC from either of the systems show equal characteristics of homing and adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Fekete
- Institut für Transfusionsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Institut für klinische Transfusionsmedizin und Immungenetik, Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Markus T. Rojewski
- Institut für Transfusionsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Institut für klinische Transfusionsmedizin und Immungenetik, Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Daniel Fürst
- Institut für klinische Transfusionsmedizin und Immungenetik, Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ludwika Kreja
- Institut für Unfallchirurgische Forschung und Biomechanik, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anita Ignatius
- Institut für Unfallchirurgische Forschung und Biomechanik, Ulm, Germany
| | - Julia Dausend
- Institut für Transfusionsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Institut für klinische Transfusionsmedizin und Immungenetik, Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Hubert Schrezenmeier
- Institut für Transfusionsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Institut für klinische Transfusionsmedizin und Immungenetik, Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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Jaramillo-Ferrada PA, Wolvetang EJ, Cooper-White JJ. Differential mesengenic potential and expression of stem cell-fate modulators in mesenchymal stromal cells from human-term placenta and bone marrow. J Cell Physiol 2012; 227:3234-42. [PMID: 22105866 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Placenta has attracted increasing attention over the past decade as a stem cell source for regenerative medicine. In particular, the amniochorionic membrane has been shown to harbor populations of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). In this study, we have characterized ex vivo expanded MSCs from the human amniotic (hAMSCs) and chorionic (hCMSCs) membranes of human full-term placentas and adult bone marrow (hBMSCs). Our results show that hAMSCs, hCMSCs, and hBMSCs express typical mesenchymal (CD73, CD90, CD105, CD44, CD146, CD166) and pluripotent (Oct-4, Sox2, Nanog, Lin28, and Klf4) markers but not hematopoietic markers (CD45, CD34). Ex vivo expanded hAMSCs were found to be of fetal origin, while hCMSCs cultures contained only maternal cells. Cell proliferation was significantly higher in hCMSCs, compared to hAMSCs and hBMSCs. Integrin profiling revealed marked differences in the expression of α subunits between the three cell sources. Cadherin receptors were consistently expressed on a subset of progenitors (ranging from 1% to 60%), while N-CAM (CD56) was only expressed in hAMSCs and hCMSCs but not in hBMSCs. When induced to differentiate, hAMSCs and hCMSCs displayed strong chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation potential but very limited capacity for adipogenic conversion. In contrast, hBMSCs showed strong differentiation potential along the three lineages. These results illustrate how MSCs from different ontological sources display differential expression of cell-fate mediators and mesodermal differentiation capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela A Jaramillo-Ferrada
- Tissue Engineering and Microfluidics Laboratory, Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Diaz-Solano D, Wittig O, Ayala-Grosso C, Pieruzzini R, Cardier JE. Human olfactory mucosa multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells promote survival, proliferation, and differentiation of human hematopoietic cells. Stem Cells Dev 2012; 21:3187-96. [PMID: 22471939 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2012.0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from the human olfactory mucosa (OM) are cells that have been proposed as a niche for neural progenitors. OM-MSCs share phenotypic and functional properties with bone marrow (BM) MSCs, which constitute fundamental components of the hematopoietic niche. In this work, we investigated whether human OM-MSCs may promote the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). For this purpose, human bone marrow cells (BMCs) were co-cultured with OM-MSCs in the absence of exogenous cytokines. At different intervals, nonadherent cells (NACs) were harvested from BMC/OM-MSC co-cultures, and examined for the expression of blood cell markers by flow cytometry. OM-MSCs supported the survival (cell viability >90%) and proliferation of BMCs, after 54 days of co-culture. At 20 days of co-culture, flow cytometric and microscopic analyses showed a high percentage (73%) of cells expressing the pan-leukocyte marker CD45, and the presence of cells of myeloid origin, including polymorphonuclear leukocytes, monocytes, basophils, eosinophils, erythroid cells, and megakaryocytes. Likewise, T (CD3), B (CD19), and NK (CD56/CD16) cells were detected in the NAC fraction. Colony-forming unit-granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM) progenitors and CD34(+) cells were found, at 43 days of co-culture. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) studies showed that OM-MSCs constitutively express early and late-acting hematopoietic cytokines (i.e., stem cell factor [SCF] and granulocyte- macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF]). These results constitute the first evidence that OM-MSCs may provide an in vitro microenvironment for HSCs. The capacity of OM-MSCs to support the survival and differentiation of HSCs may be related with the capacity of OM-MSCs to produce hematopoietic cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylana Diaz-Solano
- Unidad de Terapia Celular-Laboratorio de Patología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
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Long-term cultured human term placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells of maternal origin displays plasticity. Stem Cells Int 2012; 2012:174328. [PMID: 22550499 PMCID: PMC3329664 DOI: 10.1155/2012/174328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an alluring therapeutic resource because of their plasticity, immunoregulatory capacity and
ease of availability. Human BM-derived MSCs have limited proliferative capability, consequently, it is challenging to
use in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. Hence, placental MSCs of maternal origin, which is
one of richest sources of MSCs were chosen to establish long-term culture from the cotyledons of full-term human placenta.
Flow analysis established bonafied MSCs phenotypic characteristics, staining positively for CD29, CD73, CD90, CD105 and negatively for CD14, CD34, CD45 markers. Pluripotency of the cultured MSCs was assessed by in vitro differentiation towards not only intralineage cells like adipocytes, osteocytes, chondrocytes, and myotubules cells but also translineage differentiated towards pancreatic progenitor cells, neural cells, and retinal cells displaying plasticity. These cells did not significantly alter cell cycle or apoptosis pattern while maintaining the normal karyotype; they also have limited expression of MHC-II antigens and are Naive for stimulatory factors CD80 and CD 86. Further soft agar assays revealed that placental MSCs do not have the ability to form invasive colonies. Taking together all these characteristics into consideration, it indicates that placental MSCs could serve as good candidates for development and progress of stem-cell based therapeutics.
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Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a non-homogeneous population of plastic-adherent cells which were initially isolated from post-natal bone marrow. They have the capacity to differentiate to multiple mesodermal lineages including bone, cartilage and adipose tissue. In stringent culture conditions, MSCs can also be induced to differentiate into different cell types of endoderm and neuroectoderm lineages. To date, no specific marker identifies MSCs, although a number of cell surface antigens have been described which enrich for MSCs. Mesenchymal stromal cells possess a number of properties which have generated considerable interest in diverse cellular therapeutic applications. The capacity of MSCs to differentiate into multiple different cell lineages has seen them actively explored for tissue repair, particularly in cardiac, orthopaedic and neurological applications. A large body of data indicates that MSCs possess immunomodulatory properties. Mesenchymal stromal cells are immunosuppressive, interacting with T lymphocytes, antigen presenting cells, B lymphocytes, and natural killer cells. In addition, they are immunoprivileged, allowing transplantation across allogeneic barriers. These immunomodulatory properties have seen infusion of MSCs for the treatment of steroid refractory graft versus host disease, a life threatening complication of haemopoietic cell transplantation, with promising results. Furthermore, these immune functions may lead to roles in the facilitation of engraftment, induction of tolerance and as therapy in autoimmune disease.
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Schwarz S, Rotter N. Human salivary gland stem cells: isolation, propagation, and characterization. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 879:403-442. [PMID: 22610574 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-815-3_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells are of outstanding interest for a variety of applications in regenerative medicine. The identification and characterization of novel tissue sources in order to reduce donor site morbidity and to provide specific cells in clinically applicable numbers have led to the detection of stem cells in almost all adult tissues. Salivary glands are of specific interest to our lab, as these tissues are easily accessible for the head and neck surgeon with low donor site morbidity. On the other hand, they possess an endocrine and exocrine function and thus play a very specific role in the human body. Stem cell identity however can only be demonstrated using a combination of different methods in vitro, as there is not a single marker or feature allowing for definite identification of such cells. In this chapter, we provide a comprehensive summary of our experimental methods for the isolation and characterization of human salivary gland stem cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Schwarz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
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Danišovič L, Varga I, Polák S. Growth factors and chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Tissue Cell 2011; 44:69-73. [PMID: 22185680 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2011.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Revised: 11/18/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of the article is to review recent knowledge about growth factors and their effect on the chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells under in vitro conditions. Damaged or lost articular cartilage leads to progressive debilitation, which have major impact on the life quality of the affected individuals of both sexes in all age groups. Mature hyaline cartilage has a very low self-repair potential due to intrinsic properties - lack of innervation and vascular supply. Another limiting factor is low mitotic potential of chondrocytes. Small defects are healed by migration of chondrocytes, while large ones are healed by formation of inferior fibrocartilage. However, in many cases osteoarthritis develops. Recently, cellular therapy combining mesenchymal stem cells and proper differentiation factors seems to be promising tool for hyaline cartilage defects healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Danišovič
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are found in a variety of adult tissues including human dermis. These MSCs are morphologically similar to bone marrow-derived MSCs, but are of unclear phenotype. To shed light on the characteristics of human dermal MSCs, this study was designed to identify and isolate dermal MSCs by a specific marker expression profile, and subsequently rate their mesenchymal differentiation potential. Immunohistochemical staining showed that MSC markers CD73/CD90/CD105, as well as CD271 and SSEA-4, are expressed on dermal cells in situ. Flow cytometric analysis revealed a phenotype similar to bone marrow-derived MSCs. Human dermal cells isolated by plastic adherence had a lower differentiation capacity as compared with bone marrow-derived MSCs. To distinguish dermal MSCs from differentiated fibroblasts, we immunoselected CD271(+) and SSEA-4(+) cells from adherent dermal cells and investigated their mesenchymal differentiation capacity. This revealed that cells with increased adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic potential were enriched in the dermal CD271(+) population. The differentiation potential of dermal SSEA-4(+) cells, in contrast, appeared to be limited to adipogenesis. These results indicate that specific cell populations with variable mesenchymal differentiation potential can be isolated from human dermis. Moreover, we identified three different subsets of dermal mesenchymal progenitor cells.
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Huang S, Leung V, Peng S, Li L, Lu FJ, Wang T, Lu W, Cheung KMC, Zhou G. Developmental definition of MSCs: new insights into pending questions. Cell Reprogram 2011; 13:465-72. [PMID: 21919705 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2011.0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a rare heterogeneous population of multipotent cells that can be isolated from many different adult and fetal tissues. They exhibit the capacity to give rise to cells of multiple lineages and are defined by their phenotype and functional properties, such as spindle-shaped morphology, adherence to plastic, immune response modulation capacity, and multilineage differentiation potential. Accordingly, MSCs have a wide range of promising applications in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, tissue repair, and regeneration. Recent studies have shed some light on the exact identity and native distribution of MSCs, whereas controversial results are still being reported, indicating the need for further review on their definition and origin. In this article, we summarize the important progress and describe some of our own relevant work on the developmental definition of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shishu Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
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50
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Nur Fariha MM, Chua KH, Tan GC, Tan AE, Hayati AR. Human chorion-derived stem cells: changes in stem cell properties during serial passage. Cytotherapy 2011; 13:582-93. [DOI: 10.3109/14653249.2010.549121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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