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Nocturnin in the demosponge Suberites domuncula: a potential circadian clock protein controlling glycogenin synthesis in sponges. Biochem J 2013; 448:233-42. [PMID: 22928820 DOI: 10.1042/bj20120357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sponges are filter feeders that consume a large amount of energy to allow a controlled filtration of water through their aquiferous canal systems. It has been shown that primmorphs, three-dimensional cell aggregates prepared from the demosponge Suberites domuncula and cultured in vitro, change their morphology depending on the light supply. Upon exposure to light, primmorphs show a faster and stronger increase in DNA, protein and glycogen content compared with primmorphs that remain in the dark. The sponge genome contains nocturnin, a light/dark-controlled clock gene, the protein of which shares a high sequence similarity with the related molecule of higher metazoans. The sponge nocturnin protein was found showing a poly(A)-specific 3'-exoribonuclease activity. In addition, the cDNA of the glycogenin gene was identified for subsequent expression studies. Antibodies against nocturnin were raised and used in parallel with the cDNA to determine the regional expression of nocturnin in intact sponge specimens; the highest expression of nocturnin was seen in the epithelial layer around the aquiferous canals. Quantitative PCR analyses revealed that primmorphs after transfer from light to dark show a 10-fold increased expression in the nocturnin gene. In contrast, the expression level of glycogenin decreases in the dark by 3-4-fold. Exposure of primmorphs to light causes a decrease in nocturnin transcripts and a concurrent increase in glycogenin transcripts. It was concluded that sponges are provided with the molecular circadian clock protein nocturnin that is highly expressed in the dark where it controls the stability of a key metabolic enzyme, glycogenin.
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Virtanen A, Aström J. Function and characterization of poly(A)-specific 3' exoribonucleases. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR AND SUBCELLULAR BIOLOGY 1997; 18:199-220. [PMID: 8994266 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-60471-3_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Virtanen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Uppsala University, Sweden
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Stepińska U, Olszańska B. Characteristics of poly(A)-degrading factor present in the avian oocytes and early embryos. THE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY 1996; 276:19-29. [PMID: 8828183 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-010x(19960901)276:1<19::aid-jez3>3.0.co;2-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The presence of poly(A)-degrading activity was studied in vitro in the quail and mouse oocytes and early embryos using 3H-poly(A) as a substrate. The activity was measured by adsorption of the undegraded substrate to DE-81 filter paper discs, by chromatographic separation on Sephadex G-50 column and by agarose gel electrophoresis followed by transfer onto a Zeta-probe membrane (BioRad, Richmond, CA) and autoradiography. High poly(A)-degrading activity was found in the quail previtellogenic and vitellogenic oocytes and lower activity in the early embryos from cleavage stage to gastrulation. This activity is localized predominantly in the nucleus and, to a lesser degree, in the cytoplasm and in the vitellus of vitellogenic oocytes. The length of the poly(A) degradation product was estimated to be of about (A)10. Optimum activity was at pH 8.7 and at Mn2+ concentration of 0.5 mM. This makes the deadenylating enzyme from the quail oocytes similar to endoribonuclease IV from the chick and quail oviducts (Müller [1976] Eur. J. Biochem., 70:241-248; Müller [1976], Eur. J. Biochem., 70:249-258). We suggest that the poly(A)-degrading enzyme, similar to endoribonuclease IV found in the quail oocytes, might be the "deadenylating factor" reported in Xenopus oocytes (Varnum et al. [1992] Dev. Biol., 153:283-290). Such poly(A)-degrading activity is undetectable in unfertilized mouse eggs; however, a slight, statistically insignificant tendency for poly(A) degradation was seen in two-cell embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Stepińska
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract
Most eukaryotic messenger RNA (mRNA) species contain a 3'-poly(A) tract. The histone mRNAs are a notable exception although a subclass of histone-encoding mRNAs is polyadenylated. A class of mRNAs lacking a poly(A) tail would be expected to be less stable than poly(A)+ mRNAs and might, like the histones, have a half-life that varied in response to changes in the intracellular milieu. Brain mRNA exhibits an unusually high degree of sequence complexity; studies published ten years ago suggested that a large component of this complexity might be present in a poly(A)- mRNA population that was expressed postnatally. The question of the existence of a complex class of poly(A)- brain mRNAs is particularly tantalizing in light of the heterogeneity of brain cells and the possibility that the stability of these poly(A)- mRNAs might vary with changes in synaptic function, changing hormonal stimulation or with other modulations of neuronal function. The mRNA complexity analyses, although intriguing, did not prove the existence of the complex class of poly(A)- brain mRNAs. The observed mRNA complexity could have resulted from a variety of artifacts, discussed in more detail below. Several attempts have been made to clone members of this class of mRNA. This search for specific poly(A)- brain mRNAs has met with only limited success. Changes in mRNA polyadenylation state do occur in brain in response to specific physiologic stimuli; however, both the role of polyadenylation and de-adenylation in specific neuronal activities and the existence and significance of poly(A)- mRNAs in brain remain unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Snider
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235
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Kumagai H, Kon R, Hoshino T, Aramaki T, Nishikawa M, Hirose S, Igarashi K. Purification and properties of a decapping enzyme from rat liver cytosol. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1992; 1119:45-51. [PMID: 1540634 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(92)90232-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A decapping enzyme has been purified about 2400-fold from rat liver cytosol. The decapping enzyme was shown to be fairly homogeneous by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzyme had an apparent molecular weight of 110,000 and consisted of two equal subunits. The enzyme hydrolyzed m7Guo5'PPP5'Ado to m7GMP and ADP. Analysis of the products produced from radioactively capped oligonucleotides and intact mRNA having 3H-cap suggests that the enzyme can hydrolyze capped mono- to pentanucleotides (m7Guo5'PPP5'N (where N = 1-5 nucleotides)) but not intact mRNA. The existence of methyl group at the N7 position of guanosine moiety of cap structure was necessary for the action of the decapping enzyme. This was confirmed by the comparison of the rates of hydrolysis of m7Guo5'PPP5'Ado by the enzyme in the presence of various nucleotides. The activity of enzyme was slightly stimulated by Na+, K+, NH4+, Ca2+ and polyamines. Mg2+ and Mn2+ were without effect on the enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kumagai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan
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Schröder HC, Rottmann M, Wenger R, Müller WE. Dramatic increase in poly(A) synthesis after infection of Molt-3 cells with HIV. Virus Res 1990; 15:251-66. [PMID: 2343676 DOI: 10.1016/0168-1702(90)90033-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Infection of Molt-3 cells with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) was found to cause a rapid increase in extractable poly(A) polymerase activity, while the activity of poly(A) degrading endoribonuclease IV strongly decreased at the same time. The increase in poly(A) polymerase activity seems not to be due to a change in the actual number of enzyme molecules, but rather to posttranslational enzyme modification, most likely caused by phosphorylation by nuclear protein kinase NI or protein kinase C. Both kinases were found to be able to phosphorylate poly(A) polymerase in vitro [homogeneous enzyme as well as poly(A) polymerase in intact nuclei]. Phosphoamino acid analysis revealed an incorporation of phosphate into serine and, to a lower extent, into threonine residues of the enzyme protein; no phosphotyrosine could be detected. In the nucleus, the poly(A) polymerase and the endoribonuclease IV are bound to the nuclear matrix. The phosphorylation related enhancement of nuclear poly(A) polymerase activity could be abolished by addition of the zinc and copper chelator o-phenanthroline, which inhibited zinc-containing purified poly(A) polymerase and destroyed the poly(A) polymerase containing nuclear matrix structure, resulting in a solubilization of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Schröder
- Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Abteilung, Angewandte Molekularbiologie, Universität Mainz, F.R.G
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Schröder HC, Bachmann M, Diehl-Seifert B, Müller WE. Transport of mRNA from nucleus to cytoplasm. PROGRESS IN NUCLEIC ACID RESEARCH AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1987; 34:89-142. [PMID: 3326042 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6603(08)60494-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Purification and characterization of the major nucleoside triphosphatase from rat liver nuclear envelopes. J Biol Chem 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)36144-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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9
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Kumagai H, Abiko T, Ono C, Marumo Y, Enomoto S, Igarashi K, Hirose S. Purification and mode of action of a microsomal endoribonuclease from rat liver. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1985; 827:424-30. [PMID: 2982410 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(85)90228-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
An endoribonuclease has been purified nearly to homogeneity from rat liver microsomes, and its mode of action and general properties were studied. The enzyme had an apparent molecular weight of 58 000, as estimated by both gel filtration and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and produced oligonucleotides from poly(A), poly(U) and poly(C). No mononucleotide was obtained by the enzymatic hydrolysis of the above substrates. The enzyme made endonucleolytic cleavages which generated 5'-phosphate-terminated oligonucleotides. It was suggested that the existence of at least (Ado5'P)2 residues at both sides of the cleavage bond was necessary for the action of the endoribonuclease. Divalent cations (Mg2+ or Mn2+) were required for the enzymatic activity, while K+ inhibited the enzyme. Spermine stimulated the enzymatic activity in the presence of 1 mM Mg2+.
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Bachmann M, Schröder HC, Messer R, Müller WE. Base-specific ribonucleases potentially involved in heterogeneous nuclear RNA processing and poly(A) metabolism. FEBS Lett 1984; 171:25-30. [PMID: 6144573 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(84)80453-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Polyadenylation and splicing of heterogeneous nuclear RNA, two crucial steps in mRNA processing, are apparently enzymatically mediated processes. This contribution summarizes the properties and the presumed functions of the known poly(A) catabolic enzymes (endoribonuclease IV and V, 2',3'- exoribonuclease ) as well as those of the pyrimidine-specific endoribonucleases associated with snRNP -hnRNP complexes (endoribonuclease VII, acidic pI 4.1 endoribonuclease and poly(U)-specific U1 snRNP -nuclease).
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Bachmann M, Trautmann F, Messer R, Zahn RK, Meyer zum Büschenfelde KH, Müller WE. Association of a polyuridylate-specific endoribonuclease with small nuclear ribonucleo-proteins which had been isolated by affinity chromatography using antibodies from a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1983; 136:447-51. [PMID: 6227485 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1983.tb07762.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Immunoglobulins, containing antibodies against U1-snRNP, have been prepared from a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. After coupling these antibodies to a Sepharose matrix, U-snRNPs have been isolated and purified from rat liver nuclei by use of immunoaffinity chromatography. The resulting RNPs had the typical protein pattern of U-sn RNPs and a sedimentation coefficient of 12 S. The U-snRNP preparation was associated with an endoribonuclease which required Mg2+ for optimal activity. The enzyme, with an pH optimum of 6.2, degraded only poly(U). Other single-stranded polyribo- and polydeoxyribonucleotides, tRNA, as well as double-stranded RNA and DNA were not digested. The products of a terminal digestion are (U)6-12 with 3'-OH and 5'-P termini. The possible involvement of this endoribonuclease in the splicing of hnRNA is discussed.
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Bachmann M, Zahn RK, Müller WE. Purification and properties of a novel pyrimidine-specific endoribonuclease termed endoribonuclease VII from calf thymus that is modulated by polyadenylate. J Biol Chem 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)32328-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Bernd A, Schröder HC, Zahn RK, Müller WE. Modulation of the nuclear-envelope nucleoside triphosphatase by poly(A)-rich mRNA and by microtubule protein. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1982; 129:43-9. [PMID: 6130941 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1982.tb07018.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Falkenthal S, Graham ML, Korn EL, Lengyel JA. Transcription, processing, and turnover of RNA from the Drosophila mobile genetic element copia. Dev Biol 1982; 92:294-305. [PMID: 6180944 DOI: 10.1016/0012-1606(82)90176-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Zimmerman JL, Fouts DL, Levy LS, Manning JE. Nonadenylylated mRNA is present as polyadenylylated RNA in nuclei of Drosophila. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1982; 79:3148-52. [PMID: 6808503 PMCID: PMC346371 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.79.10.3148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The sequence complexity of nuclear total RNA and nuclear poly(A)+RNA from Drosophila third-instar larvae was determined by hybridization of these RNAs to labeled single-copy DNA. At saturation, the nuclear poly(A)+ - and total RNA hybridized to 11% and 22.5% of the single-copy DNA, respectively. The increase in complexity of nuclear total RNA over that observed for nuclear poly(A)+RNA indicates the presence of a discrete class of nonoadenylylated nuclear RNA molecules. The relationship between DNA sequences coding for nuclear RNA and mRNA was then determined by hybridization of nuclear total and poly(A)+RNA to DNA enriched for mRNA coding sequences. The results of these studies show that those single-copy DNA sequences that are represented in either the poly(A)+ - or poly(A)- mRNA population are transcribed into RNA molecules that appear in the nuclear poly(A)+RNA population.
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Schröder HC, Zahn RK, Müller WE. Role of actin and tubulin in the regulation of poly(A) polymerase-endoribonuclease IV complex from calf thymus. J Biol Chem 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)34922-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Littauer UZ, Soreq H. The regulatory function of poly(A) and adjacent 3' sequences in translated RNA. PROGRESS IN NUCLEIC ACID RESEARCH AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1982; 27:53-83. [PMID: 7048421 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6603(08)60597-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Kouidou S, Triantos A, Kavoukopoulos E, Trakatellis A. Endoplasmic reticulum nuclease. Purification and specificity. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1981; 120:9-14. [PMID: 6273170 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1981.tb05662.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
An endonuclease, which was originally identified for its RNA polymerase inhibitory activity, was isolated from rat liver endoplasmic reticulum. The enzyme yields on gel chromatography four active fractions of different molecular weights (Mr 5.3 X 10(4), 9 X 10(4), 1.55 X 10(5) and Sephacryl S-200 fraction at V0). Each fraction contains polypeptide chains which give a single band on sodium dodecylsulphate electrophoresis (Mr 5.4 X 10(4). This indicates that the enzyme is an oligomeric protein and each of its subunits exhibits the same or very similar molecular weights. Deoxyribonucleoside and ribonucleoside triphosphates can bind to the endoplasmic reticulum nuclease. Binding is enhanced in the presence of divalent cations particularly Mg2+. The enzyme exhibits mainly RNase activity but can also degrade denatured DNA and DNA . RNA hybrids which contain breaks in one of the two strands. Poly(A) and mainly poly(U) are most susceptible to its nucleolytic activity whereas poly(C) is completely resistant.
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Arendes J, Zahn RK, Müller WE. Age-dependent gene induction in quail oviduct. XI. Alterations on the post-transcriptional level (analytical aspect). Mech Ageing Dev 1980; 14:49-57. [PMID: 7206816 DOI: 10.1016/0047-6374(80)90105-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
For the elucidation of the age-dependent reduction of avidin synthesis in the oviduct of quails studies on on the level of post-transcriptional modification of mRNA were performed. Incorporation of [3H] adenosine into mRNA is drastically reduced in senescent animals compared to adult animals. Double labeling of mRNA with [3H]-adenosine and [3H] uridine revealed that in the presence of actinomycin D the incorporation ratio adenosine/uridine into mRNA increases to higher values in the case of adult animals compared with the ratio determined for mRNA from senescent animals. These data support the assumption that in senescent animals the length of the poly(A) sequence on mRNA might be shorter. Because of the low efficiency of label incorporation into poly(A) in whole animals, a method for directly introducing a radioactive label in vitro into the isolated poly(A) was developed for the estimation of the length of the poly(A) segments. A randomly labeled product with no apparent degradation is achieved by methylation of poly(A) with [3H] dimethyl sulphate. Therefore the method is a powerful tool for the detection and size determination of small amounts of poly(A). Size determination of poly(A) from oviducts of adult and senescent quails by the methylation method revealed that in the case of senescent animals an increase in shorter poly(A) tracts can be detected. These results support the assumption that the age-dependent reduction of avidin synthesis is also caused by changes in the control mechanisms on the post-transcriptional level.
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Müller WE, Zahn RK, Arendes J. Age-dependent gene induction in quail oviduct X. Alterations on the post-transcriptional level (enzymic aspect). Mech Ageing Dev 1980; 14:39-48. [PMID: 7206815 DOI: 10.1016/0047-6374(80)90104-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In quail oviducts the rate of synthesis of avidin, the biological end-point marker for the molecular events caused by progesterone, decreases with age. The cause of the reduced capacity of avidin induction has been studied on the molecular biological level polyadenylation of RNA which is one step in the process of post-transcriptional modification of heterogeneous nuclear RNA resulting in the formation of functional mRNA molecules. This novel approach was biochemically possible after the discovery of the poly(A) anabolic enzyme (poly(A) polymerase) and the two poly(A) catabolic enzymes (endoribonuclease IV and 5'-exoribonuclease). These enzymes are involved in the synthesis and degradation of the poly(A) segment of mRNA in vitro and most likely also in poly(A) metabolism in intact cell systems. Enzymatically controlled poly(A) metabolism of mRNA is regulated by the following interrelations: poly(A)-associated proteins and endoribonuclease IV; labilizing factor and poly(A)-associated proteins; 5'-exoribonuclease in cooperation with endoribonuclease IV and poly(A) polymerase. A close correlation between high levels of poly(A) catabolic enzymes and low rate of protein synthesis which was established in cell culture systems, seems also to be partially the biochemical cause for the reduced avidin synthesis in aging quail oviduct.
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Kumagai H, Igarashi K, Takayama T, Watanabe K, Sugimoto K, Hirose S. A microsomal endoribonuclease from rat liver. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1980; 608:324-31. [PMID: 6249372 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(80)90178-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
An endoribonuclease has been purified about 320-fold from the microsomes of rat liver. The enzyme had an apparent molecular weight of 54 000-58 000 and produced oligonucleotides, each consisting of 3-7 nucleotides from poly(A) and poly(U). No mononucleotide was obtained by the enzymatic hydrolysis of poly(A) and poly(U) under standard coditions. The relative rates of breakdown of synthetic polynucleotides by the enzyme under standard conditions were in the order poly(U) = poly(A) > poly(C). Divalent cations (Mg2+ or Mn2+) was required for the enzymatic activity, but monovalent cations (Na+, K+ or NH4+) inhibited the enzyme. The breakdown of poly(C) and poly(U) by the enzyme was inhibited by spermine, but that of poly(A) was not influenced by spermine. The enzyme was inhibited by p-chloromercuribenzoate and poly(G), but not by rat-liver ribonuclease-inhibitor and anti-RNase A serum.
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Isolation and characterization of the novel polyadenylate- and polyuridylate-degrading acid endoribonuclease V from calf thymus. J Biol Chem 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)70756-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Schröder H, Zahn R, Dose K, Müller W. Purification and characterization of a poly(A)-specific exoribonuclease from calf thymus. J Biol Chem 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)85525-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Arendes J, Zahn RK, Müller WE. Size determination of poly(A) after in vitro methylation with radioactive dimethyl sulfate. Anal Biochem 1980; 101:488-93. [PMID: 7362044 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(80)90218-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Müller WE, Zahn RK, Arendes J, Falke D. Oligoribonucleotide initiators for herpes simplex virus DNA synthesis in vivo and in vitro. Virology 1979; 98:200-10. [PMID: 225863 DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(79)90538-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Müller WE, Zahn RK, Arendes J, Kurelec B, Steffen R, Müller I. Aggregation of sponge cells. XX. Self-aggregation of the circular proteid particle. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1979; 551:363-7. [PMID: 420839 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(89)90012-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the extracellular space of the tissue of the sponge Geodia cydonium, circular proteid particles are found which carry as subunits the aggregation factor and a series of glycosyltransferases. Using the technique of velocity sucrose gradient centrifugation, the sedimentation coefficient (S020,w) of the particle-monosomes was determined to be 90. By means of the Svedberg equation a molecular weight of 1.3 . 10(8) daltons could be estimated. The monosomes aggregate in the presence of Ca2+ to higher complexes via disomes, trisomes, and pentasomes. The complexes can be redissociated by dodecyl sulfate but not by EDTA. During the Ca2+-mediated self-aggregation, the particles lose their biological activity with respect to their aggregation promoting function.
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Müller WE, Falke D, Zahn RK, Arendes J. Alterations of polyadenylate nuclease activities in herpes simplex virus-infected cells. Virology 1978; 87:89-95. [PMID: 208271 DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(78)90161-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Müller WE, Arendes J, Zahn RK, Schröder HC. Control of enzymic hydrolysis of polyadenylate segment of messenger RNA: role of polyadenylate-associated proteins. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1978; 86:283-90. [PMID: 658043 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1978.tb12309.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Arendes J, Zahn RK, Müller WE. Separation of naturally occuring adenine nucleosides and nucleotides by anion-exchange chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1977; 140:118-9. [PMID: 893626 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)83611-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Müller WE, Schröder HC, Arendes J, Steffen R, Zahn RK, Dose K. Alterations of activities of ribonucleases and polyadenylate polymerase in synchronized mouse L cells. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1977; 76:531-40. [PMID: 891526 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1977.tb11623.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The activities of the three known catabolic and the one anabolic polyadenylate enzymes have been determined in synchronized L5178y cells: endoribonuclease, exoribonuclease, 5'-nucleotidase and poly(A) polymerase (Mg2+-dependent). These four enzymes were found primarily in the nuclear fraction. The activity of poly(A) polymerase remains essentially constant during the transition from G1 to S phase. However, the poly(A) catabolic enzyme activities increase parallel with DNA synthesis; the endoribonuclease activity increases 4-fold during G1 to S phase, the exoribonuclease and the nucleotidase activities increasing 30-fold and 16-fold. During the S phase the poly(A)-degrading enzymes are far more active than the poly(A)-synthesizing activity of poly(A) polymerase. We conclude that in L5178y cells the poly(A)-degrading enzymes probably function in regulation of the post-transcriptional net-polyadenylation of heterogeneous nuclear RNA during the phase of DNA synthesis.
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