1
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Ogawa A, Doi Y. Investigation of end processing and degradation of premature tRNAs and their application to stabilization of in vitro transcripts in wheat germ extract. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:1008-12. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02221a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the end processing and degradation of premature tRNAs in wheat germ extract (left), which led to the findings of end protectors for efficiently stabilizing an in vitro transcript (purple, right).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasunori Doi
- Proteo-Science Center
- Ehime University
- Matsuyama
- Japan
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2
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Skowronek E, Grzechnik P, Späth B, Marchfelder A, Kufel J. tRNA 3' processing in yeast involves tRNase Z, Rex1, and Rrp6. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2014; 20:115-30. [PMID: 24249226 PMCID: PMC3866640 DOI: 10.1261/rna.041467.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Mature tRNA 3' ends in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae are generated by two pathways: endonucleolytic and exonucleolytic. Although two exonucleases, Rex1 and Rrp6, have been shown to be responsible for the exonucleolytic trimming, the identity of the endonuclease has been inferred from other systems but not confirmed in vivo. Here, we show that the yeast tRNA 3' endonuclease tRNase Z, Trz1, is catalyzing endonucleolytic tRNA 3' processing. The majority of analyzed tRNAs utilize both pathways, with a preference for the endonucleolytic one. However, 3'-end processing of precursors with long 3' trailers depends to a greater extent on Trz1. In addition to its function in the nucleus, Trz1 processes the 3' ends of mitochondrial tRNAs, contributing to the general RNA metabolism in this organelle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Skowronek
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pawel Grzechnik
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bettina Späth
- Molekulare Botanik, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Joanna Kufel
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- Corresponding authorE-mail
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3
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Pinker F, Bonnard G, Gobert A, Gutmann B, Hammani K, Sauter C, Gegenheimer PA, Giegé P. PPR proteins shed a new light on RNase P biology. RNA Biol 2013; 10:1457-68. [PMID: 23925311 PMCID: PMC3858429 DOI: 10.4161/rna.25273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A fast growing number of studies identify pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins as major players in gene expression processes. Among them, a subset of PPR proteins called PRORP possesses RNase P activity in several eukaryotes, both in nuclei and organelles. RNase P is the endonucleolytic activity that removes 5′ leader sequences from tRNA precursors and is thus essential for translation. Before the characterization of PRORP, RNase P enzymes were thought to occur universally as ribonucleoproteins, although some evidence implied that some eukaryotes or cellular compartments did not use RNA for RNase P activity. The characterization of PRORP reveals a two-domain enzyme, with an N-terminal domain containing multiple PPR motifs and assumed to achieve target specificity and a C-terminal domain holding catalytic activity. The nature of PRORP interactions with tRNAs suggests that ribonucleoprotein and protein-only RNase P enzymes share a similar substrate binding process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Pinker
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS; Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg, France; Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du CNRS; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN; Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg, France
| | - Géraldine Bonnard
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS; Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg, France
| | - Anthony Gobert
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS; Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernard Gutmann
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS; Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg, France
| | - Kamel Hammani
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS; Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg, France
| | - Claude Sauter
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du CNRS; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN; Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Philippe Giegé
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS; Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg, France
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4
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Krehan M, Heubeck C, Menzel N, Seibel P, Schön A. RNase MRP RNA and RNase P activity in plants are associated with a Pop1p containing complex. Nucleic Acids Res 2012; 40:7956-66. [PMID: 22641852 PMCID: PMC3439889 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gks476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
RNase P processes the 5'-end of tRNAs. An essential catalytic RNA has been demonstrated in Bacteria, Archaea and the nuclei of most eukaryotes; an organism-specific number of proteins complement the holoenzyme. Nuclear RNase P from yeast and humans is well understood and contains an RNA, similar to the sister enzyme RNase MRP. In contrast, no protein subunits have yet been identified in the plant enzymes, and the presence of a nucleic acid in RNase P is still enigmatic. We have thus set out to identify and characterize the subunits of these enzymes in two plant model systems. Expression of the two known Arabidopsis MRP RNA genes in vivo was verified. The first wheat MRP RNA sequences are presented, leading to improved structure models for plant MRP RNAs. A novel mRNA encoding the central RNase P/MRP protein Pop1p was identified in Arabidopsis, suggesting the expression of distinct protein variants from this gene in vivo. Pop1p-specific antibodies precipitate RNase P activity and MRP RNAs from wheat extracts. Our results provide evidence that in plants, Pop1p is associated with MRP RNAs and with the catalytic subunit of RNase P, either separately or in a single large complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Krehan
- Molekulare Zelltherapie, Biotechnologisch-Biomedizinisches Zentrum, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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5
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Ogawa A, Doi Y, Matsushita N. Improvement of in vitro-transcribed amber suppressor tRNAs toward higher suppression efficiency in wheat germ extract. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:8495-503. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob06351k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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6
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Yukawa Y, Dieci G, Alzapiedi M, Hiraga A, Hirai K, Yamamoto YY, Sugiura M. A common sequence motif involved in selection of transcription start sites of Arabidopsis and budding yeast tRNA genes. Genomics 2010; 97:166-72. [PMID: 21147216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2010.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Revised: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The transcription start site (TSS) is useful to predict gene and to understand transcription initiation. Although vast data on mRNA TSSs are available, little is known about tRNA genes because of rapid processing. Using a tobacco in vitro transcription system under conditions of impaired 5' end processing, TSSs were determined for 64 Arabidopsis tRNA genes. This analysis revealed multiple TSSs distributed in a region from 10 to 2bp upstream of the mature tRNA coding sequence (-10 to -2). We also analyzed 31 Saccharomyces cerevisiae tRNA genes that showed a smaller number but a broader distribution (-13 to -1) of TSSs. In both cases, transcription was initiated preferentially at adenosine, and a common 'TCAACA' sequence was found spanning the TSSs. In plant, this motif caused multiple TSSs to converge at one site and enhanced transcription. The TATA-like sequence upstream of Arabidopsis tRNA genes also contributed to TSS selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Yukawa
- Graduate School of Natural Sciences, Nagoya City University, 467-8501 Nagoya, Japan.
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7
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Wu X, Zheng S, Cui L, Wang H, Ng TB. Isolation and characterization of a novel ribonuclease from the pink oyster mushroom Pleurotus djamor. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2010; 56:231-9. [DOI: 10.2323/jgam.56.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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8
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Williams D, Brown JW. In vitro selection of an archaeal RNase P RNA mimics natural variation. ARCHAEA-AN INTERNATIONAL MICROBIOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2005; 1:241-5. [PMID: 15810433 PMCID: PMC2685577 DOI: 10.1155/2004/903283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Archaeal and bacterial RNase P RNAs are similar in sequence and secondary structure, but in the absence of protein, the archaeal RNAs are much less active and require extreme ionic conditions for activity. To assess how readily the activity of the archaeal RNA alone could be improved by small changes in sequence, in vitro selection was used to generate variants of a Methanobacterium formicicum RNase P RNA: Bacillus subtilus pre-tRNA(Asp) self-cleaving conjugate RNA. Functional variants were generated with a spectrum of mutations that were predominately consistent with natural variation in this RNA. Variants generated from the selection had cleavage rates comparable to that of wild type; variants with improved cleavage rates or lower ionic requirements were not obtained. This suggests that the RNase P RNAs of Bacteria and Archaea are globally optimized and the basis for the large biochemical differences between these two types of RNase P RNA is distributed in the molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Williams
- Department of Microbiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7615, USA
- V.A. Medical Center, Emory University Medical Research, Rm 5A188, 1670 Clarimont Rd., Decatur, GA 30033, USA
| | - James W. Brown
- Department of Microbiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7615, USA
- Corresponding author ()
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9
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Seif ER, Forget L, Martin NC, Lang BF. Mitochondrial RNase P RNAs in ascomycete fungi: lineage-specific variations in RNA secondary structure. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2003; 9:1073-83. [PMID: 12923256 PMCID: PMC1370472 DOI: 10.1261/rna.5880403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2003] [Accepted: 06/18/2003] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The RNA subunit of mitochondrial RNase P (mtP-RNA) is encoded by a mitochondrial gene (rnpB) in several ascomycete fungi and in the protists Reclinomonas americana and Nephroselmis olivacea. By searching for universally conserved structural elements, we have identified previously unknown rnpB genes in the mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) of two fission yeasts, Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Schizosaccharomyces octosporus; in the budding yeast Pichia canadensis; and in the archiascomycete Taphrina deformans. The expression of mtP-RNAs of the predicted size was experimentally confirmed in the two fission yeasts, and their precise 5' and 3' ends were determined by sequencing of cDNAs generated from circularized mtP-RNAs. Comparative RNA secondary structure modeling shows that in contrast to mtP-RNAs of the two protists R. americana and N. olivacea, those of ascomycete fungi all have highly reduced secondary structures. In certain budding yeasts, such as Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, we find only the two most conserved pairings, P1 and P4. A P18 pairing is conserved in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its close relatives, whereas nearly half of the minimum bacterial consensus structure is retained in the RNAs of fission yeasts, Aspergillus nidulans and Taphrina deformans. The evolutionary implications of the reduction of mtP-RNA structures in ascomycetes will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias R Seif
- Program in Evolutionary Biology, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Département de Biochimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4, Canada
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10
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Kufel J, Tollervey D. 3'-processing of yeast tRNATrp precedes 5'-processing. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2003; 9:202-8. [PMID: 12554863 PMCID: PMC1370386 DOI: 10.1261/rna.2145103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2002] [Accepted: 10/21/2002] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Previous analyses of eukaryotic pre-tRNAs processing have reported that 5'-cleavage by RNase P precedes 3'-maturation. Here we report that in contrast to all other yeast tRNAs analyzed to date, tRNA(Trp) undergoes 3'-maturation prior to 5'-cleavage. Despite its unusual processing pathway, pre-tRNA(Trp) resembles other pre-tRNAs, showing dependence on the essential Lsm proteins for normal processing and efficient association with the yeast La homolog, Lhp1p. tRNA(Trp) is also unusual in not requiring Lhp1p for 3' processing and stability. However, other Lhp1p-independent tRNAs, tRNA(2)(Lys) and tRNA(1)(Ile), follow the normal pathway of 5'-processing prior to 3-processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kufel
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, King's Buildings, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, Scotland, UK
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11
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Yukawa Y, Fan H, Akama K, Beier H, Gross HJ, Sugiura M. A tobacco nuclear extract supporting transcription, processing, splicing and modification of plant intron-containing tRNA precursors. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2001; 28:583-94. [PMID: 11849597 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-313x.2001.01172.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear tRNA genes are transcribed by RNA polymerase III (Pol III) and pre-tRNAs are processed into mature tRNAs via complex processes in the nucleus. We have developed an in vitro Pol III-dependent transcription system derived from tobacco cultured cells, which supports efficiently not only transcription of a variety of plant tRNA genes but also 5'-and 3'-end processing, nucleotide modification and splicing of intron-containing pre-tRNAs. The structures of in vitro transcripts have been confirmed by primer extension analysis and by RNase T1 fingerprinting. The optimal Mg2+ concentration differed for each step so that each reaction can be controlled by adjusting the Mg2+ concentration. At 1 mm Mg2+, only transcription occurs so that pre-tRNAs accumulate. The splicing reaction can be initiated by raising Mg2+ ions (> 5 mm) and enhanced by adding 1 mm hexamminecobalt chloride. Using the optimized system for the Nicotiana intron-containing tRNATyr gene, the precise initiation and termination sites of transcription and the splice sites were determined. The presence of 1 mm NAD+ in the reaction mixture leads to the removal of the 2' phosphate at the splice junction of tRNATyr, demonstrating the activity of a 2'-phosphotransferase in the tobacco nuclear extract. Many modified nucleosides such as m2G, m22G, m1A, phi27 and phi35 are introduced in either of the studied transcripts. As shown in other systems, the conversion of U35 to phi requires an intron-containing substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yukawa
- Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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12
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MacIntosh GC, Wilkerson C, Green PJ. Identification and analysis of Arabidopsis expressed sequence tags characteristic of non-coding RNAs. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2001; 127:765-776. [PMID: 11706161 DOI: 10.1104/pp.010501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Sequencing of the Arabidopsis genome has led to the identification of thousands of new putative genes based on the predicted proteins they encode. Genes encoding tRNAs, ribosomal RNAs, and small nucleolar RNAs have also been annotated; however, a potentially important class of genes has largely escaped previous annotation efforts. These genes correspond to RNAs that lack significant open reading frames and encode RNA as their final product. Accumulating evidence indicates that such "non-coding RNAs" (ncRNAs) can play critical roles in a wide range of cellular processes, including chromosomal silencing, transcriptional regulation, developmental control, and responses to stress. Approximately 15 putative Arabidopsis ncRNAs have been reported in the literature or have been annotated. Although several have homologs in other plant species, all appear to be plant specific, with the exception of signal recognition particle RNA. Conversely, none of the ncRNAs reported from yeast or animal systems have homologs in Arabidopsis or other plants. To identify additional genes that are likely to encode ncRNAs, we used computational tools to filter protein-coding genes from genes corresponding to 20,000 expressed sequence tag clones. Using this strategy, we identified 19 clones with characteristics of ncRNAs, nine putative peptide-coding RNAs with open reading frames smaller than 100 amino acids, and 11 that could not be differentiated between the two categories. Again, none of these clones had homologs outside the plant kingdom, suggesting that most Arabidopsis ncRNAs are likely plant specific. These data indicate that ncRNAs represent a significant and underdeveloped aspect of Arabidopsis genomics that deserves further study.
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MESH Headings
- Algorithms
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Arabidopsis/genetics
- Arabidopsis/physiology
- Cloning, Molecular
- Cytokinins/physiology
- Databases, Nucleic Acid
- Expressed Sequence Tags
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
- Gene Silencing
- Internet
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Open Reading Frames
- Phosphates/physiology
- RNA, Plant/analysis
- RNA, Plant/genetics
- RNA, Plant/physiology
- RNA, Untranslated/genetics
- RNA, Untranslated/physiology
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae/physiology
- Sequence Analysis, Protein
- Species Specificity
- Transcription, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- G C MacIntosh
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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13
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XIAO SHAOHUA, HOUSER-SCOTT FELICIA, ENGELKE DAVIDR. Eukaryotic ribonuclease P: increased complexity to cope with the nuclear pre-tRNA pathway. J Cell Physiol 2001; 187:11-20. [PMID: 11241345 PMCID: PMC3758117 DOI: 10.1002/1097-4652(200104)187:1<11::aid-jcp1055>3.0.co;2-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Ribonuclease P is an ancient enzyme that cleaves pre-tRNAs to generate mature 5' ends. It contains an essential RNA subunit in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya, but the degree to which the RNA subunit relies on proteins to supplement catalysis is highly variable. The eukaryotic nuclear holoenzyme has recently been found to contain almost twenty times the protein content of the bacterial enzymes, in addition to having split into at least two related enzymes with distinct substrate specificity. In this review, recent progress in understanding the molecular architecture and functions of nuclear forms of RNase P will be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - DAVID R. ENGELKE
- Correspondence: David R. Engelke, Department of Biological Chemistry, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0606, USA.
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14
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Raj ML, Pulukkunat DK, Reckard JF, Thomas G, Gopalan V. Cleavage of bipartite substrates by rice and maize ribonuclease P. Application to degradation of target mRNAs in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2001; 125:1187-1190. [PMID: 11244099 PMCID: PMC1539373 DOI: 10.1104/pp.125.3.1187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M L Raj
- Department of Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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15
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Shen XC, Yao SL, Fukano H, Terada S, Kitayama A, Nagamune T, Suzuki E. Poly[G] improved protein productivity of cell-free translation by inhibiting mRNase in wheat germ extract. J Biotechnol 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1656(99)00164-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Cordier A, Schön A. Cyanelle RNase P: RNA structure analysis and holoenzyme properties of an organellar ribonucleoprotein enzyme. J Mol Biol 1999; 289:9-20. [PMID: 10339401 DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1999.2762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The cyanelle of the primitive alga Cyanophora paradoxa is the only photosynthetic organelle where the ribonucleoprotein nature of ribonuclease P has been functionally proven. To increase our knowledge about RNA structure and overall composition of this enzyme, we have now determined relevant physical parameters and performed RNA accessibility experiments. Buoyant density and relative molecular mass of cyanelle RNase P were more similar to the eukaryotic (nuclear or mitochondrial) than to the bacterial enzyme type, despite the close phylogenetic relationship between plastids and cyanobacteria. Enzymatic and chemical probing was used to establish the secondary structure of cyanelle RNase P RNA. The results obtained with the naked transcript support the previously proposed, phylogenetically derived structure. Probing of the RNA in the holoenzyme resulted in reduced sensitivity at a large number of positions, indicating that these regions might be located in the interior of the ribonucleoprotein. Protection of the RNA in cyanelle RNase P was more extensive than reported for the Escherichia coli holoenzyme, but similar to the pattern observed in yeast nuclear RNase P. Taken together, these results indicate that the protein contribution in cyanelle RNase P is much larger than in the bacterial enzymes, and that the overall composition of the holoenzyme resembles that found in eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cordier
- Institut für Biochemie, Bayerische Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Biozentrum, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
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17
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Kunzmann A, Brennicke A, Marchfelder A. 5' end maturation and RNA editing have to precede tRNA 3' processing in plant mitochondria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998; 95:108-13. [PMID: 9419337 PMCID: PMC18142 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.1.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the characterization and partial purification of potato mitochondrial RNase Z, an endonuclease that generates mature tRNA 3' ends. The enzyme consists of one (or more) protein(s) without RNA subunits. Products of the processing reaction are tRNA molecules with 3' terminal hydroxyl groups and 3' trailers with 5' terminal phosphates. The main processing sites are located immediately 3' to the discriminator and one nucleotide further downstream. This endonucleolytic processing at and close to the tRNA 3' end in potato mitochondria suggests a higher similarity to the eukaryotic than to the prokaryotic tRNA 3' processing pathway. Partial purification and separation of RNase Z from the 5' processing activity RNase P allowed us to determine biochemical characteristics of the enzyme. The activity is stable over broad pH and temperature ranges, with peak activity at pH 8 and 30 degrees C. Optimal concentrations for MgCl2 and KCl are 5 mM and 30 mM, respectively. The potato mitochondrial RNase Z accepts only tRNA precursors with mature 5' ends. The precursor for tRNAPhe requires RNA editing for efficient processing by RNase Z.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kunzmann
- Allgemeine Botanik, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
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