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Yuce K. The Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Different Cardiovascular Disorders: Ways of Administration, and the Effectors. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024:10.1007/s12015-024-10765-9. [PMID: 39023739 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10765-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The heart is an organ with a low ability to renew and repair itself. MSCs have cell surface markers such as CD45-, CD34-, CD31-, CD4+, CD11a+, CD11b+, CD15+, CD18+, CD25+, CD49d+, CD50+, CD105+, CD73+, CD90+, CD9+, CD10+, CD106+, CD109+, CD127+, CD120a+, CD120b+, CD124+, CD126+, CD140a+, CD140b+, adherent properties and the ability to differentiate into cells such as adipocytes, osteoblasts and chondrocytes. Autogenic, allogeneic, normal, pretreated and genetically modified MSCs and secretomes are used in preclinical and clinical studies. MSCs and their secretomes (the total released molecules) generally have cardioprotective effects. Studies on cardiovascular diseases using MSCs and their secretomes include myocardial infraction/ischemia, fibrosis, hypertrophy, dilated cardiomyopathy and atherosclerosis. Stem cells or their secretomes used for this purpose are administered to the heart via intracoronary (Antegrade intracoronary and retrograde coronary venous injection), intramyocardial (Transendocardial and epicardial injection) and intravenous routes. The protective effects of MSCs and their secretomes on the heart are generally attributed to their differentiation into cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells, their immunomodulatory properties, paracrine effects, increasing blood vessel density, cardiac remodeling, and ejection fraction and decreasing apoptosis, the size of the wound, end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, ventricular myo-mass, fibrosis, matrix metalloproteins, and oxidative stress. The present review aims to assist researchers and physicians in selecting the appropriate cell type, secretomes, and technique to increase the chance of success in designing therapeutic strategies against cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Yuce
- Physiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medicine Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Türkiye.
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2
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Li J, Liu Y, Zhang R, Yang Q, Xiong W, He Y, Ye Q. Insights into the role of mesenchymal stem cells in cutaneous medical aesthetics: from basics to clinics. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:169. [PMID: 38886773 PMCID: PMC11184751 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03774-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
With the development of the economy and the increasing prevalence of skin problems, cutaneous medical aesthetics are gaining more and more attention. Skin disorders like poor wound healing, aging, and pigmentation have an impact not only on appearance but also on patients with physical and psychological issues, and even impose a significant financial burden on families and society. However, due to the complexities of its occurrence, present treatment options cannot produce optimal outcomes, indicating a dire need for new and effective treatments. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their secretomics treatment is a new regenerative medicine therapy that promotes and regulates endogenous stem cell populations and/or replenishes cell pools to achieve tissue homeostasis and regeneration. It has demonstrated remarkable advantages in several skin-related in vivo and in vitro investigations, aiding in the improvement of skin conditions and the promotion of skin aesthetics. As a result, this review gives a complete description of recent scientific breakthroughs in MSCs for skin aesthetics and the limitations of their clinical applications, aiming to provide new ideas for future research and clinical transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Li
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Qianyu Yang
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Yan He
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Qingsong Ye
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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3
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Andalib E, Kashfi M, Mahmoudvand G, Rezaei E, Mahjoor M, Torki A, Afkhami H. Application of hypoxia-mesenchymal stem cells in treatment of anaerobic bacterial wound infection: wound healing and infection recovery. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1251956. [PMID: 37869672 PMCID: PMC10586055 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1251956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells, commonly referred to as MSCs, are a type of multipotent stem cells that are typically extracted from adipose tissue and bone marrow. In the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, MSCs and their exosomes have emerged as revolutionary tools. Researchers are now devoting greater attention to MSCs because of their ability to generate skin cells like fibroblasts and keratinocytes, as well as their distinctive potential to decrease inflammation and emit pro-angiogenic molecules at the site of wounds. More recent investigations revealed that MSCs can exert numerous direct and indirect antimicrobial effects that are immunologically mediated. Collectively, these antimicrobial properties can remove bacterial infections when the MSCs are delivered in a therapeutic setting. Regardless of the positive therapeutic potential of MSCs for a multitude of conditions, transplanted MSC cell retention continues to be a major challenge. Since MSCs are typically administered into naturally hypoxic tissues, understanding the impact of hypoxia on the functioning of MSCs is crucial. Hypoxia has been postulated to be among the factors determining the differentiation of MSCs, resulting in the production of inflammatory cytokines throughout the process of tissue regeneration and wound repair. This has opened new horizons in developing MSC-based systems as a potent therapeutic tool in oxygen-deprived regions, including anaerobic wound infection sites. This review sheds light on the role of hypoxia-MSCs in the treatment of anaerobic bacterial wound infection in terms of both their regenerative and antimicrobial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Andalib
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Kashfi
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golnaz Mahmoudvand
- Student Research Committee, USERN Office, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Elaheh Rezaei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mohamad Mahjoor
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Torki
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Afkhami
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Ishtiaq I, Zeb A, Badshah H, Alattar A, Alshaman R, Koh PO, Rehman NU, Shah FA, Althobaiti YS. Enhanced cardioprotective activity of ferulic acid-loaded solid lipid nanoparticle in an animal model of myocardial injury. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 476:116657. [PMID: 37597755 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction results in an increased inflammatory and oxidative stress response in the heart, and reducing inflammation and oxidative stress after MI may offer protective effects to the heart. In the present study, we examined the cardioprotective effects of ferulic acid (FA) and ferulic acid nanostructured solid lipid nanoparticles (FA-SLNs) in an isoproterenol (ISO) induced MI model. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five experimental groups to compare the effects of FA and FA-SLNs. The findings revealed that ISO led to extensive cardiomyopathy, characterized by increased infarction area, edema formation, pressure load, and energy deprivation. Additionally, ISO increased the levels of inflammatory markers (COX-2, NLRP3, and NF-кB) and apoptotic mediators such as p-JNK. However, treatment with FA and FA-SLNs mitigated the severity of the ISO-induced response, and elevated the levels of antioxidant enzymes while downregulating inflammatory pathways, along with upregulation of the mitochondrial bioenergetic factor PPAR-γ. Furthermore, virtual docking analysis of FA with various protein targets supported the in vivo results, confirming drug-protein interactions. Overall, the results demonstrated that FA-SLNs offer a promising strategy for protecting the heart from further injury following MI. This is attributed to the improved drug delivery and therapeutic outcomes compared to FA alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isra Ishtiaq
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Zeb
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Haroon Badshah
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan KP, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah Alattar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Alshaman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Phil Ok Koh
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawad Ali Shah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Yusuf S Althobaiti
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Addiction and Neuroscience Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
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Yang X, Li Q, Liu W, Zong C, Wei L, Shi Y, Han Z. Mesenchymal stromal cells in hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis: from pathogenesis to treatment. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:583-599. [PMID: 36823236 PMCID: PMC10229624 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-00983-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis is a significant health burden worldwide, resulting in liver failure or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and accounting for many deaths each year. The pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis is very complex, which makes treatment challenging. Endogenous mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been shown to play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis. Paradoxically, exogenous MSCs have also been used in clinical trials for liver cirrhosis, and their effectiveness has been observed in most completed clinical trials. There are still many issues to be resolved to promote the use of MSCs in the clinic in the future. In this review, we will examine the controversial role of MSCs in the pathogenesis and treatment of hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis. We also investigated the clinical trials involving MSCs in liver cirrhosis, summarized the parameters that need to be standardized, and discussed how to promote the use of MSCs from a clinical perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Key Laboratory on Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver Cancer, Ministry of Education, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital/National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Qing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Wenting Liu
- Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Key Laboratory on Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver Cancer, Ministry of Education, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital/National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Chen Zong
- Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Key Laboratory on Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver Cancer, Ministry of Education, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital/National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Lixin Wei
- Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Key Laboratory on Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver Cancer, Ministry of Education, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital/National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yufang Shi
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu Province, Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Zhipeng Han
- Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
- Key Laboratory on Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver Cancer, Ministry of Education, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital/National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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Al-U'datt DGF, Tranchant CC, Alu'datt M, Abusara S, Al-Dwairi A, AlQudah M, Al-Shboul O, Hiram R, Altuntas Y, Jaradat S, Alzoubi KH. Inhibition of transglutaminase 2 (TG2) ameliorates ventricular fibrosis in isoproterenol-induced heart failure in rats. Life Sci 2023; 321:121564. [PMID: 36931499 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Transglutaminase (TG) inhibitors represent promising therapeutic interventions in cardiac fibrosis and related dysfunctions. However, it remains unknown how TG inhibition, TG2 in particular, affects the signaling systems that drive pathological fibrosis. This study aimed to examine the effect TG inhibition by cystamine on the progression of isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cardiac fibrosis was established by intraperitoneal injection of ISO to rats (ISO group), followed by 6 weeks of cystamine injection (ISO + Cys group). The control groups were administered normal saline alone or with cystamine. Hemodynamics, lipid profile, liver enzymes, urea, and creatinine were assessed in conjunction with heart failure markers (serum NT-proANP and cTnI). Left ventricular (LV) and atrial (LA) fibrosis, total collagen content, and mRNA expression of profibrotic markers including TG2 were quantified by Masson's trichrome staining, LC-MS/MS and quantitative PCR, respectively. KEY FINDINGS Cystamine administration to ISO rats significantly decreased diastolic and mean arterial pressures, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, liver enzymes, urea, and creatinine levels, while increasing HDL. NT-proANP and cTnI serum levels remained unchanged. In LV tissues, significant reductions in ISO-induced fibrosis and elevated total collagen content were achieved after cystamine treatment, together with a reduction in TG2 concentration. Reduced mRNA expression of several profibrotic genes (COL1A1, FN1, MMP-2, CTGF, periostin, CX43) was also evidenced in LV tissues of ISO rats upon cystamine administration, whereas TGF-β1 expression was depressed in LA tissues. Cystamine decreased TG2 mRNA expression in the LV of control rats, while LV expression of TG2 was relatively low in ISO rats irrespective of cystamine treatment. SIGNIFICANCE TG2 inhibition by cystamine in vivo exerted cardioprotective effects against ISO-induced cardiac fibrosis in rats decreasing the LV abundance of several profibrotic markers and the content of TG2 and collagen, suggesting that TG2 pharmacological inhibition could be beneficial to alleviate cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doa'a G F Al-U'datt
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Carole C Tranchant
- School of Food Science, Nutrition and Family Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences and Community Services, Université de Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Muhammad Alu'datt
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Sara Abusara
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Ahmed Al-Dwairi
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Mohammad AlQudah
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan; Physiology Department, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Othman Al-Shboul
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Roddy Hiram
- Montreal Heart Institute and Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yasemin Altuntas
- Montreal Heart Institute and Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Saied Jaradat
- Princess Haya Biotechnology Center, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Li Y, Zheng G, Salimova E, Broughton BRS, Ricardo SD, de Veer M, Samuel CS. Simultaneous late-gadolinium enhancement and T1 mapping of fibrosis and a novel cell-based combination therapy in hypertensive mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114069. [PMID: 36502754 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a hallmark of chronic hypertension and disrupts the viability of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) post-transplantation. This study thus, determined whether the anti-fibrotic drug, serelaxin (RLX), could enhance the therapeutic effects of BM-MSCs or BM-MSC-derived exosomes (BM-MSC-EXO) in hypertensive mice. Left ventricular (LV) fibrosis in particular was assessed using conventional histological staining and non-invasive cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI). CMRI was employed using a novel magnetisation prepared 2 rapid acquisition gradient echo (MP2RAGE) sequence to simultaneously perform late gadolinium enhancement imaging and T1 mapping. Adult male C57BL/6 mice were uninephrectomised, received deoxycorticosterone acetate and saline to drink (1 K/DOCA/salt) for 21 days, whilst control mice were given normal drinking water for the same time-period. On day 14 post-injury, subgroups of 1 K/DOCA/salt-hypertensive mice were treated with RLX alone or in combination with BM-MSCs or BM-MSC-EXO; or the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, spironolactone. At day 21 post-injury, LV and kidney histopathology was assessed, whilst LV fibrosis and function were additionally analysed by CMRI and echocardiography. 1 K/DOCA/salt-hypertensive mice developed kidney tubular injury, inflammation, fibrosis, and more moderate LV hypertrophy, fibrosis and diastolic dysfunction. RLX and BM-MSCs combined provided optimal protection against these pathologies and significantly reduced picrosirius red-stained organ fibrosis and MP2RAGE analysis of LV fibrosis. A significant correlation between MP2RAGE analysis and histologically-stained interstitial LV fibrosis was detected. It was concluded that the MP2RAGE sequence enhanced the non-invasive CMRI detection of LV fibrosis. Furthermore, combining RLX and BM-MSCs may represent a promising treatment option for hypertensive cardiorenal syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Li
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI) and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gang Zheng
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ekaterina Salimova
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brad R S Broughton
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI) and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sharon D Ricardo
- Stem Cells and Development Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI) and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael de Veer
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chrishan S Samuel
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI) and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Stem Cells and Development Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI) and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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8
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Dama G, Du J, Zhu X, Liu Y, Lin J. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells: A promising therapeutic option for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 195:110201. [PMID: 36493913 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.110201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic wounds fail to heal through the three normal stages of healing (inflammatory, proliferative, and remodelling), resulting in a chronic tissue injury that is not repaired within the average time limit. Patients suffering from type 1 and type 2 diabetes are prone to develop diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), which commonly develop into chronic wounds that are non treatable with conventional therapies. DFU develops due to various risk factors, such as peripheral neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, arterial insufficiency, foot deformities, trauma and impaired resistance to infection. DFUs have gradually become a major problem in the health care system worldwide. In this review, we not only focus on the pathogenesis of DFU but also comprehensively summarize the outcomes of preclinical and clinical studies thus far and the potential therapeutic mechanism of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) for the treatment of DFU. Based on the published results, BMSC transplantation can contribute to wound healing through growth factor secretion, anti-inflammation, differentiation into tissue-specific cells, neovascularization, re-epithelialization and angiogenesis in DFUs. Moreover, clinical trials showed that BMSC treatment in patients with diabetic ulcers improved ulcer healing and the ankle-brachial index, ameliorated pain scores, and enhanced claudication walking distances with no reported complications. In conclusion, although BMSC transplantation exhibits promising therapeutic potential in DFU treatment, additional studies should be performed to confirm their efficacy and long-term safety in DFU patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Dama
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Engineering Research Center of Henan, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road #601, 453003 Xinxiang, China; Department of Community Health, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Malaysia
| | - Jiang Du
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Engineering Research Center of Henan, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road #601, 453003 Xinxiang, China; College of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road #601, 453003 Xinxiang, China
| | - Xinxing Zhu
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Engineering Research Center of Henan, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road #601, 453003 Xinxiang, China; College of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road #601, 453003 Xinxiang, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Engineering Research Center of Henan, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road #601, 453003 Xinxiang, China; College of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road #601, 453003 Xinxiang, China.
| | - Juntang Lin
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Engineering Research Center of Henan, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road #601, 453003 Xinxiang, China; College of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road #601, 453003 Xinxiang, China; College of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road #601, 453003 Xinxiang, China.
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9
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Ren Y, Wu Y, He W, Tian Y, Zhao X. Exosomes secreted from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells suppress cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through Hippo-YAP pathway in heart failure. Genet Mol Biol 2023; 46:e20220221. [PMID: 36929834 PMCID: PMC10021068 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2022-0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (MSCs-exosomes) reportedly possess cardioprotective effects. This study investigated the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of MSCs-exosomes on heart failure (HF). H9c2 cells were used to establish a cardiomyocyte hypertrophy model by angiotensin II (Ang II) treatment. Isolated MSCs-exosomes were identified by transmission electron microscope and CD63 detection. Apoptosis rate was measured by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) assay. Levels of inflammatory factors [interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α] and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were determined by ELISA. Expression of apoptosis-related proteins [Bax, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), and caspase 3] and Hippo-Yes-associated protein (YAP) pathway-related proteins [YAP, phosphor (p)-YAP, and tafazzin (TAZ)] was detected by western blotting. Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy of H9c2 cells induced by Ang II was ameliorated by MSCs-exosomes treatment. MSCs-exosomes downregulated Bax and caspase 3 levels and upregulated Bcl-2 level in Ang II-induced H9c2 cells. MSCs-exosomes also reduced the levels of BNP, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, and TNF-α in Ang II-induced H9c2 cells. Meanwhile, p-YAP was downregulated and TAZ was upregulated after MSCs-exosomes administration. In conclusion, MSCs-exosomes alleviate the apoptosis and inflammatory response of cardiomyocyte via deactivating Hippo-YAP pathway in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ren
- Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Department of Scientific Research, Hohhot, China
| | - Yun Wu
- Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hohhot, China.,Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Clinical Medical Research Center in Cardiovascular Diseases, Hohhot, China
| | - Wenshuai He
- Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hohhot, China.,Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Clinical Medical Research Center in Cardiovascular Diseases, Hohhot, China
| | - Yingjie Tian
- Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hohhot, China.,Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Clinical Medical Research Center in Cardiovascular Diseases, Hohhot, China
| | - Xingsheng Zhao
- Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hohhot, China.,Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Clinical Medical Research Center in Cardiovascular Diseases, Hohhot, China
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10
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Luo Y, Xu X, Ye Z, Xu Q, Li J, Liu N, Du Y. 3D bioprinted mesenchymal stromal cells in skin wound repair. Front Surg 2022; 9:988843. [PMID: 36311952 PMCID: PMC9614372 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.988843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin tissue regeneration and repair is a complex process involving multiple cell types, and current therapies are limited to promoting skin wound healing. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been proven to enhance skin tissue repair through their multidifferentiation and paracrine effects. However, there are still difficulties, such as the limited proliferative potential and the biological processes that need to be strengthened for MSCs in wound healing. Recently, three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has been applied as a promising technology for tissue regeneration. 3D-bioprinted MSCs could maintain a better cell ability for proliferation and expression of biological factors to promote skin wound healing. It has been reported that 3D-bioprinted MSCs could enhance skin tissue repair through anti-inflammatory, cell proliferation and migration, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix remodeling. In this review, we will discuss the progress on the effect of MSCs and 3D bioprinting on the treatment of skin tissue regeneration, as well as the perspective and limitations of current research.
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11
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Søndergaard RH, Højgaard LD, Reese-Petersen AL, Hoeeg C, Mathiasen AB, Haack-Sørensen M, Follin B, Genovese F, Kastrup J, Juhl M, Ekblond A. Adipose-derived stromal cells increase the formation of collagens through paracrine and juxtacrine mechanisms in a fibroblast co-culture model utilizing macromolecular crowding. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:250. [PMID: 35690799 PMCID: PMC9188050 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02923-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) possess a multitude of regenerative capabilities, which include immunomodulation, angiogenesis, and stimulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. However, the underlying mechanisms leading to ECM remodeling remain largely elusive and highlight the need for functional in vitro models for mode of action studies. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop an in vitro co-culture model to investigate the capabilities of ASCs to modulate fibroblasts and ECM. Methods An ECM in vitro model with ASCs and normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) was established utilizing macromolecular crowding, ascorbic acid, and TGF-β stimulation. Paracrine and juxtacrine co-cultures were created using transwell inserts and cell cultures with direct cell–cell contacts. The cultures were screened using RT2 PCR Profiler Arrays; the protein levels of myofibroblast differentiation marker alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and ECM remodeling enzymes were analyzed using western blot on cell lysates; the formation of collagen type I, III, VI, and fibronectin was investigated using ELISA on culture supernatants; and the deposition of collagens was analyzed using immunocytochemistry. Results TGF-β stimulation of NHDF monocultures increased the expression of 18 transcripts relevant for ECM formation and remodeling, the protein levels of αSMA and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), the formation of collagen type I, III, VI, and fibronectin, and the deposition of collagen type I and VI and decreased the protein levels of MMP-14. Inclusion of ASCs in the ECM co-culture model increased the formation of collagen type I and III through paracrine mechanisms and the formation of collagen type VI through juxtacrine mechanisms. Conclusions The co-culture model provides effective stimulation of NHDF monocultures by TGF-β for enhanced formation and deposition of ECM. In the model, ASCs induce changes in ECM by increasing formation of collagen type I, III and VI. The obtained results could guide further investigations of ASCs’ capabilities and underlying mechanisms related to ECM formation and remodeling. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-02923-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekka Harary Søndergaard
- Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Henrik Harpestrengs vej 4C, Dept. 9302, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Lisbeth Drozd Højgaard
- Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Henrik Harpestrengs vej 4C, Dept. 9302, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Cecilie Hoeeg
- Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Henrik Harpestrengs vej 4C, Dept. 9302, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Bruun Mathiasen
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mandana Haack-Sørensen
- Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Henrik Harpestrengs vej 4C, Dept. 9302, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bjarke Follin
- Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Henrik Harpestrengs vej 4C, Dept. 9302, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Federica Genovese
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev Hovedgade 205-207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jens Kastrup
- Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Henrik Harpestrengs vej 4C, Dept. 9302, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Juhl
- Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Henrik Harpestrengs vej 4C, Dept. 9302, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Annette Ekblond
- Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Henrik Harpestrengs vej 4C, Dept. 9302, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
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12
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Xu JH, Xu SQ, Ding SL, Yang H, Huang X, Shi HF. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells alleviate the formation of pathological scars in rats. Regen Ther 2022; 20:86-94. [PMID: 35509267 PMCID: PMC9048073 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Methods Results Conclusions
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13
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Aavani F, Biazar E, Kheilnezhad B, Amjad F. 3D Bio-printing For Skin Tissue Regeneration: Hopes and Hurdles. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 17:415-439. [DOI: 10.2174/1574888x17666220204144544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
For many years, discovering the appropriate methods for the treatment of skin irritation has been challenging for specialists and researchers. Bio-printing can be extensively applied to address the demand for proper skin substitutes to improve skin damage. Nowadays, to make more effective bio-mimicking of natural skin, many research teams have developed cell-seeded bio-inks for bioprinting of skin substitutes. These loaded cells can be single or co-cultured in these structures. The present review gives a comprehensive overview of the methods, substantial parameters of skin bioprinting, examples of in vitro and in vivo studies, and current advances and challenges for skin tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh. Aavani
- Biomedical Engineering Faculty, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Biazar
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Bahareh Kheilnezhad
- Biomedical Engineering Faculty, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Amjad
- Biomedical Engineering Faculty, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
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14
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Khan K, Makhoul G, Yu B, Jalani G, Derish I, Rutman AK, Cerruti M, Schwertani A, Cecere R. Amniotic stromal stem cell-loaded hydrogel repairs cardiac tissue in infarcted rat hearts via paracrine mediators. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 16:110-127. [PMID: 34726328 DOI: 10.1002/term.3262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The use of stem cells to repair the heart after a myocardial infarction (MI) remains promising, yet clinical trials over the past 20 years suggest that cells fail to integrate into the native tissue, resulting in limited improvements in cardiac function. Here, we demonstrate the cardioprotective potential of a composite inserting human amniotic stromal mesenchymal stem cells (ASMCs) in a chitosan and hyaluronic acid (C/HA) based hydrogel in a rat MI model. Mechanical characterization of the C/HA platform indicated a swift elastic conversion at 40°C and a rapid sol-gel transition time at 37°C. Cell viability assay presented active and proliferating AMSCs in the C/HA. The ASMCs + C/HA injected composite significantly increased left ventricular ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and neovessel formation. The encapsulated AMSCs were abundantly detected in the infarcted myocardium 6 weeks post-administration and co-expressed cardiac proteins and notably proliferative markers. Proteomic profiling revealed that extracellular vesicles released from hypoxia preconditioned ASMCs contained proteins involved in cytoprotection, angiogenesis, cardiac differentiation and non-canonical Wnt-signaling. Independent activation of non-canonical Wnt-signaling pathways in ASMCs induced cardiogenesis. Despite a low injected cellular density at baseline, the encapsulated AMSCs were abundantly retained and increased cardiac function. Furthermore, the C/HA hydrogel provided an active milieu for the AMSCs to proliferate, co-express cardiac proteins, and induce new vessel formation. Hence, this novel composite of AMSCs + C/HA scaffold is a conceivable candidate that could restore cardiac function and reduce remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Khan
- Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Georges Makhoul
- Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bin Yu
- Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ghulam Jalani
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ida Derish
- Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alissa K Rutman
- Human Islet Transplant Laboratory, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marta Cerruti
- Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Adel Schwertani
- Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Renzo Cecere
- Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,The Royal Victoria Hospital Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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15
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Wiśniewska J, Sadowska A, Wójtowicz A, Słyszewska M, Szóstek-Mioduchowska A. Perspective on Stem Cell Therapy in Organ Fibrosis: Animal Models and Human Studies. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11101068. [PMID: 34685439 PMCID: PMC8538998 DOI: 10.3390/life11101068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue fibrosis is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) components that result from the disruption of regulatory processes responsible for ECM synthesis, deposition, and remodeling. Fibrosis develops in response to a trigger or injury and can occur in nearly all organs of the body. Thus, fibrosis leads to severe pathological conditions that disrupt organ architecture and cause loss of function. It has been estimated that severe fibrotic disorders are responsible for up to one-third of deaths worldwide. Although intensive research on the development of new strategies for fibrosis treatment has been carried out, therapeutic approaches remain limited. Since stem cells, especially mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), show remarkable self-renewal, differentiation, and immunomodulatory capacity, they have been intensively tested in preclinical studies and clinical trials as a potential tool to slow down the progression of fibrosis and improve the quality of life of patients with fibrotic disorders. In this review, we summarize in vitro studies, preclinical studies performed on animal models of human fibrotic diseases, and recent clinical trials on the efficacy of allogeneic and autologous stem cell applications in severe types of fibrosis that develop in lungs, liver, heart, kidney, uterus, and skin. Although the results of the studies seem to be encouraging, there are many aspects of cell-based therapy, including the cell source, dose, administration route and frequency, timing of delivery, and long-term safety, that remain open areas for future investigation. We also discuss the contemporary status, challenges, and future perspectives of stem cell transplantation for therapeutic options in fibrotic diseases as well as we present recent patents for stem cell-based therapies in organ fibrosis.
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16
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Functions of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cardiac Repair. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1312:39-50. [PMID: 33330961 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2020_598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failure (HF) are significant contributors of mortality worldwide. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold a great potential for cardiac regenerative medicine-based therapies. Their therapeutic potential has been widely investigated in various in-vitro and in-vivo preclinical models. Besides, they have been tested in clinical trials of MI and HF with various outcomes. Differentiation to lineages of cardiac cells, neovascularization, anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and immune modulatory effects are the main drivers of MSC functions during cardiac repair. However, the main mechanisms regulating these functions and cross-talk between cells are not fully known yet. Increasing line of evidence also suggests that secretomes of MSCs and/or their extracellular vesicles play significant roles in a paracrine manner while mediating these functions. This chapter aims to summarize and highlight cardiac repair functions of MSCs during cardiac repair.
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17
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The Role of MSC in Wound Healing, Scarring and Regeneration. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071729. [PMID: 34359898 PMCID: PMC8305394 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue repair and regeneration after damage is not completely understood, and current therapies to support this process are limited. The wound healing process is associated with cell migration and proliferation, extracellular matrix remodeling, angiogenesis and re-epithelialization. In normal conditions, a wound will lead to healing, resulting in reparation of the tissue. Several risk factors, chronic inflammation, and some diseases lead to a deficient wound closure, producing a scar that can finish with a pathological fibrosis. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are widely used for their regenerative capacity and their possible therapeutically potential. Derived products of MSCs, such as exosomes or extravesicles, have shown a therapeutic potential similar to MSCs, and these cell-free products may be interesting in clinics. MSCs or their derivative products have shown paracrine beneficial effects, regulating inflammation, modifying the fibroblast activation and production of collagen and promoting neovascularization and re-epithelialization. This review describes the effects of MSCs and their derived products in each step of the wound repair process. As well, it reviews the pre-clinical and clinical use of MSCs to benefit in skin wound healing in diabetic associated wounds and in pathophysiological fibrosis.
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18
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Kheila M, Gorjipour F, Hosseini Gohari L, Sharifi M, Aboutaleb N. Human mesenchymal stem cells derived from amniotic membrane attenuate isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial injury by targeting apoptosis. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2021; 35:82. [PMID: 34291006 PMCID: PMC8285550 DOI: 10.47176/mjiri.35.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Currently, stem cell therapy has been proposed as an efficient strategy to prevent or treat myocardial injuries. The current study was conducted to examine cardioprotective effects of human mesenchymal stem cells derived from amniotic membrane (hAMSCs) against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial injury and explore its potential mechanisms. Methods: The hAMSCs were injected intramyocardially in male Wistar rats 28 days after last injection of ISO (170 mg/kg body weight for 4 consecutive days). The echocardiography was performed to confirm induction of myocardial damage and cardiac function 28 days after last injection of ISO and 4 weeks hAMSCs transplantation after HF induction. The expression of apoptotic markers such as Bcl-2, Bax and P53 was evaluated using Western blotting assay. Masson's trichrome staining was used to determine fibrosis. The cytoarchitecture of myocardial wall and morphology of cells were investigated using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Results: As compared to ISO group, hAMSCs transplantation after heart failure (HF) induction significantly blunted the increasing of cardiac dimensions and restored ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) parameters (p<0.05). Moreover, hAMSCs transplantation after HF induction increased the expression of antiapoptotic markers such as Bcl-2 and decreased the expression of pro-apoptotic markers such as P53 and Bax (p<0.05). As compared to ISO group, hAMSCs transplantation after HF induction markedly reduced interstitial myocardial fibrosis and contributed to maintain of normal cytoarchitecture of myocardial wall and morphology of cells. Conclusion: Collectively, the results of current study suggest that transplantation of hAMSCs confers cardioprotection by targeting ISO-induced mitochondria-dependent (intrinsic) pathway of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Kheila
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran
| | - Fazel Gorjipour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Hosseini Gohari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Sharifi
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Aboutaleb
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran
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19
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Could cold plasma act synergistically with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells to improve wound skin regeneration in a large size animal model? Res Vet Sci 2021; 136:97-110. [PMID: 33596495 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Skin wound healing may sometimes lead to open sores that persist for long periods and expensive hospitalization is needed. Among different kinds of therapeutic innovative approaches, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and low-temperature atmospheric pressure cold plasma (ionized gas) have been recently tested to improve this regenerative process. To optimize wound healing the present study intended to combine, for the first time, these two novel approaches in a large size animal wound healing model with the aim of assessing the putative dual beneficial effects. Based on clinical, histopathological, and molecular results a synergistic action in a second intention healing wound in sheep has been observed. Experimental wounds treated with cold plasma and MSCs showed a slower but more effective healing compared to the single treatment, as observed in previous studies. The combined treatment improved the correct development of skin appendages and structural proteins of the dermis showing the potential of the dual combination as a safe and effective tool for skin regeneration in the veterinary clinical field.
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20
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Liu Z, Naveed M, Baig MMFA, Mikrani R, Li C, Saeed M, Zhang Q, Farooq MA, Zubair HM, Xiaohui Z. Therapeutic approach for global myocardial injury using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells by cardiac support device in rats. Biomed Microdevices 2021; 23:5. [PMID: 33415464 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-020-00538-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been considered a promising therapeutic approach to cardiovascular disease. This study intends to compare the effect of BMSCs through a standard active cardiac support device (ASD) and intravenous injection on global myocardial injury induced by isoproterenol. BMSCs were cultured in vitro, and the transplanted cells were labeled with a fluorescent dye CM-Dil. Isoproterenol (ISO) was injected into the rats; 2 weeks later, the labeled cells were transplanted into ISO-induced heart-jury rats through the tail vein or ASD device for 5 days. The rats were sacrificed on the first day, the third day, and the fifth day after transplantation to observe the distribution of cells in the myocardium by fluorescence microscopy. The hemodynamic indexes of the left ventricle were measured before sacrificing. H&E staining and Masson's trichrome staining were used to evaluate the cardiac histopathology. In the ASD groups, after 3 days of transplantation, there were a large number of BMSCs on the epicardial surface, and after 5 days of transplantation, BMSCs were widely distributed in the ventricular muscle. But in the intravenous injection group, there were no labeled-BMSCs distributed. In the ASD + BMSCs-three days treated group and ASD + BMSCs -five days-treated group, left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), the maximum rate of left ventricular pressure rise (+dP/dt), the maximum rate of left ventricular pressure decline (-dP/dt) increased compared with model group and intravenous injection group (P < 0.05). By giving BMSCs through ASD device, cells can rapidly and widely distribute in the myocardium and significantly improve heart function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, People's Republic of China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mirza Muhammad Faran Ashraf Baig
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Reyaj Mikrani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuican Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Saeed
- Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, The Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, 6300, Pakistan
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Asim Farooq
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Zhou Xiaohui
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Heart Surgery, Nanjing Shuiximen Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 2110017, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongda Hospital affiliated with Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210017, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Efficacy and Mode of Action of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Non-Ischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120570. [PMID: 33291410 PMCID: PMC7762005 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM) constitutes one of the most common causes to non-ischemic heart failure. Despite treatment, the disease often progresses, causing severe morbidity and mortality, making novel treatment strategies necessary. Due to the regenerative actions of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), they have been proposed as a treatment for NIDCM. This systematic review aims to evaluate efficacy and mode of action (MoA) of MSC-based therapies in NIDCM. A systematic literature search was conducted in Medline (Pubmed) and Embase. A total of 27 studies were included (3 clinical trials and 24 preclinical studies). MSCs from different tissues and routes of delivery were reported, with bone marrow-derived MSCs and direct intramyocardial injections being the most frequent. All included clinical trials and 22 preclinical trials reported an improvement in cardiac function following MSC treatment. Furthermore, preclinical studies demonstrated alterations in tissue structure, gene, and protein expression patterns, primarily related to fibrosis and angiogenesis. Consequently, MSC treatment can improve cardiac function in NIDCM patients. The MoA underlying this effect involves anti-fibrosis, angiogenesis, immunomodulation, and anti-apoptosis, though these processes seem to be interdependent. These encouraging results calls for larger confirmatory clinical studies, as well as preclinical studies utilizing unbiased investigation of the potential MoA.
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He X, Zhang J, Luo L, Shi J, Hu D. New Progress of Adipose-derived Stem Cells in the Therapy of Hypertrophic Scars. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 15:77-85. [PMID: 31483236 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x14666190904125800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Burns are a global public health issue of great concern. The formation of scars after burns and physical dysfunction of patients remain major challenges in the treatment of scars. Regenerative medicine based on cell therapy has become a hot topic in this century. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) play an important role in cellular therapy and have become a promising source of regenerative medicine and wound repair transplantation. However, the anti-scarring mechanism of ADSCs is still unclear yet. With the widespread application of ADSCs in medical, we firmly believe that it will bring great benefits to patients with hypertrophic scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang He
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Julei Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liang Luo
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jihong Shi
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dahai Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, Shaanxi, China
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23
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White SJ, Chong JJH. Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cardiac Repair: Effects on Myocytes, Vasculature, and Fibroblasts. Clin Ther 2020; 42:1880-1891. [PMID: 32938532 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2020.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cardiac pathologies remain a dominant cause of morbidity and mortality within the community. The drive to develop therapies capable of repairing damaged heart tissue to achieve clinically significant restoration of function has motivated the pursuit of novel approaches such as cell therapy. To this end, evidence of therapeutic benefits achieved by using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has captured considerable interest despite a relative lack of information regarding the mechanisms involved. This narrative review synthesizes and interprets the current literature describing mechanisms by which MSCs can elicit cardiac repair, thereby directing attention to avenues of further inquiry. METHODS OVID versions of MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for studies describing the role of MSCs in mammalian cardiac repair. Additional studies were sourced from the reference lists of relevant articles and other personal files. FINDINGS MSCs elicit cardiac repair in a range of in vitro systems and animal models of diseases such as myocardial infarction and heart failure. Important mechanisms include the preservation of myocardial contractility, the promotion of angiogenesis, and the modulation of fibrosis. Exposing in vitro MSCs to a microenvironment reflective of that encountered in the injured heart seems to potentiate these therapeutic mechanisms. IMPLICATIONS Promising results in animal studies warrant continuation of clinical MSC cardiac therapy studies. Paracrine functions of MSCs seem to be the dominant mechanism of cardiac repair over direct cellular effects. Although integral, the MSC secretome remains poorly defined. In addition, most of the mechanistic data within the literature have been derived from animal MSC research, necessitating more human MSC-based work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J White
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James J H Chong
- Centre for Heart Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.
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Zahorec P, Sarkozyova N, Ferancikova N, Bukovcan P, Danisovic L, Bohac M, Tomas M, Koller J. Autologous mesenchymal stem cells application in post-burn scars treatment: a preliminary study. Cell Tissue Bank 2020; 22:39-46. [PMID: 32862394 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-020-09862-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multi-potent cells characterized by long term self-renewal and by potential for differentiation into cells of different mesenchymal tissue types such as fibroblasts, osteocytes, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. Their unique properties offer broad therapeutic potentials. Bone marrow has been used as the most common MSCs source, but it is gradually going to be replaced by adipose tissue which showed to contain more MSCs per unit than the bone marrow and clinical application of MSCs procured from the adipose tissue have been demonstrating at least similar results. Post-burn scars result frequently in severe both functional and aesthetic impairments in restitution and rehabilitation periods of the burn disease. Despite extensive research in the last decades, the exact mechanisms of scar formation remains unclear. The development of post-burn scars is influenced by multiple factors such as initial depth of the burn, methods of burn wound therapy, duration of the open wound until final wound closure, burn wound infection, genetic predisposition, and many others in both acute and rehabilitation periods. The aim of this study was to point out versatility of the implementation of this method with respect to different types of scars (atrophic scars, hypertrophic scars, keloids). Autologous adipose tissue derived MSCs were applied to post-burn scars in all 8 patients undergoing surgical scar reconstructions at the Department of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery of the University Hospital in Bratislava. The study was approved by Ethical Committee of Ruzinov Hospital. The procedures used for scar reconstructions included dermabrasion, scar excisions, contractures corrections and local plasties combined by lipografting of lipoaspirate containing parenchymal adipocytes and stromal vascular fraction including MSCs, or application of separated autologous MSCs isolated from lipoaspirates. Based on desired result one of these MSCs application methods was selected depending on characteristics of reconstructed scar and required volume of transferred fat. Isolation of MSCs following procurement was provided by the Central Tissue Bank cell culture laboratory which is one of the parts of the burn department. The average time of scars duration was 79 months, ranging from 6 to 216 months. The postburns scars were assessed clinically according to Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) prior to surgery, including photo documentation, and re-evaluated after 6 months following MSCs application. As the results have shown, the average VSS score before treatment was 7.88 points ranging from 4 to 11 points. The average VSS 6 months after surgical procedure and MSCs application was 2.34 points ranging from 1 to 4 points. According to the results obtained, the favourable effect of adipose tissue derived autologous MSCs application on scar remodelling following surgical reconstruction of post-burn scars could be promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Zahorec
- Department of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, University Hospital, Pazitkova 4, 821 01, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Nina Sarkozyova
- Department of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, University Hospital, Pazitkova 4, 821 01, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Nikola Ferancikova
- Department of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, University Hospital, Pazitkova 4, 821 01, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Bukovcan
- Department of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, University Hospital, Pazitkova 4, 821 01, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lubos Danisovic
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martin Bohac
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Hospital, Pazitkova 4, 821 01, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miroslav Tomas
- Department of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Institute Bratislava, Klenová 1, 833 10, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jan Koller
- Department of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, University Hospital, Pazitkova 4, 821 01, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Mokhtari B, Aboutaleb N, Nazarinia D, Nikougoftar M, Razavi Tousi SMT, Molazem M, Azadi MR. Comparison of the effects of intramyocardial and intravenous injections of human mesenchymal stem cells on cardiac regeneration after heart failure. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:879-885. [PMID: 32774809 PMCID: PMC7395194 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2020.40886.9660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Existing studies have demonstrated that intravenous and intramyocardial-administrated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) lead to tissue repair after cardiac disorders. We compared the efficiency of both administration methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS A rat model of isoproterenol-induced heart failure (ISO-HF) was established to compare the effects of intravenous and intramyocardial-administrated MSCs on cardiac fibrosis and function. The animals were randomly assigned into six groups: i) control or normal, ii) ISO-HF (HF) iii) ISO-HF rats treated with intramyocardial administration of culture medium (HF+IM/CM), iv) ISO-HF rats treated with intravenous administration of culture medium ( HF+IV/CM), v) ISO-HF rats treated with intravenous administration of MSCs (HF+IV/MSCs), vi) ISO-HF rats treated with intramyocardial administration of MSCs ( HF+IM/MSCs). Cultured MSCs and culture medium were administrated at 4 weeks after final injection of ISO. Heart function, identification of MSCs, osteogenic differentiation, adipogenic differentiation, cardiac fibrosis and tissue damage were evaluated by echocardiography, flow-cytometery, von Kossa, oil red O, Masson's trichrome and H & E staining, respectively. RESULTS Both intravenous and intramyocardial MSCs therapy significantly improved heart function and reduced cardiac fibrosis and tissue damage (P<0.05), whereas the cultured medium had no beneficial effects. CONCLUSION In sum, our results confirm the validity of both administration methods in recovery of HF, but more future research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Mokhtari
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Aboutaleb
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Donya Nazarinia
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahin Nikougoftar
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Molazem
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Azadi
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Vadivel S, Vincent P, Sekaran S, Visaga Ambi S, Muralidar S, Selvaraj V, Palaniappan B, Thirumalai D. Inflammation in myocardial injury- Stem cells as potential immunomodulators for myocardial regeneration and restoration. Life Sci 2020; 250:117582. [PMID: 32222465 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ineffective immunosuppressant's and targeted strategies to neutralize inflammatory mediators have worsened the scenario of heart failure and have opened many questions for debate. Stem cell therapy has proven to be a promising approach for treating heart following myocardial infarction (MI). Adult stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells and embryonic stem cells are possible cell types and have successfully shown to regenerate damaged myocardial tissue in pre-clinical and clinical studies. Current implications of using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) owing to their immunomodulatory functions and paracrine effects could serve as an effective alternative treatment option for rejuvenating the heart post MI. The major setback associated with the use of MSCs is reduced cell retention, engraftment and decreased effectiveness. With a few reports on understanding the role of inflammation and its dual effects on the structure and function of heart, this review focuses on these missing insights and further exemplifies the role of MSCs as an alternative therapy in treating the pathological consequences in myocardial infarction (MI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajini Vadivel
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Preethi Vincent
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saravanan Sekaran
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Senthil Visaga Ambi
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Shibi Muralidar
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vimalraj Selvaraj
- Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balamurugan Palaniappan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Diraviyam Thirumalai
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
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Saghahazrati S, Ayatollahi SAM, Kobarfard F, Minaii Zang B. The Synergistic Effect of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 and Chamomile Oil on Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Insulin-Producing Cells. CELL JOURNAL 2020; 21:371-378. [PMID: 31376318 PMCID: PMC6722451 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2020.6325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has attracted tremendous attention for treatment of diabetes. Likewise, it seems that active ingredients of chamomile oil might have anti-diabetic effects. This work was conducted to investigate the effects of the combination of GLP-1 and chamomile oil on differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into functional insulin-producing cells (IPCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, adipose MSCs derived from the adult male New Zealand white rabbits were assigned into four groups: control (without any treatment); GLP-1 (in which cells were treated with 10 nM GLP-1 every other day for 5 days); chamomile oil (in which cells were treated with 100 ug/ml Matricaria chamomilla L. flower oil every other day for 5 days); and GLP-1+ chamomile oil (in which cells were treated with 10 nM GLP-1 and 100 μg/ml M. chamomilla flower oil every other day for 5 days). Characterization of isolated MSCs was performed using flow cytometry, Alizarin red S staining and Oil red O staining. The expressions of genes specific for IPCs were measured using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. Measurement of insulin and the cleaved connecting peptide (C-peptide) in response to different concentrations of glucose, were performed using ELISA kits. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that isolated cells highly expressed MSC markers and were able to differentiate into osteocytes and adipocytes. Additionally, using GLP-1 in combination with chamomile oil exhibited higher levels of IPCs gene markers including NK homeobox gene 2.2 (NKX-2.2), paired box gene 4 (PAX4), insulin (INS) and pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX1) as well as insulin and C-peptide secretion in response to different glucose concentrations compared to GLP-1 or chamomile oil alone (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Collectively, these findings establish a substantial foundation for using peptides in combination with natural products to obtain higher efficiency in regenerative medicine and peptide therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Saghahazrati
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Abdul Majid Ayatollahi
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Electronic Address:
- Department of Chemistry, Richardson College for The Environmental Science Complex, The University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Kobarfard
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti School of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Minaii Zang
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Electronic Address:
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Nimsanor N, Phetfong J, Kitiyanant N, Kamprom W, Supokawej A. Overexpression of anti-fibrotic factors ameliorates anti-fibrotic properties of Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells under oxidative damage. Biosci Trends 2019; 13:411-422. [PMID: 31656260 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2019.01191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Transplantation with Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) showed great benefits for restoring myocardial function. However, the outcome of WJ-MSCs transplantation was unsuccessful due to multiple factors including oxidative damage. The presence of oxidative stress due to myocardium injury influences fibrous tissue formation, which causes disability of cardiac muscle. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF1), and sonic hedgehog (SHH) are well-known master regulators in anti-fibrosis when secreted by WJ-MSCs. They showed a beneficial role in the recovery of cardiac fibrosis after WJ-MSCs transplantation. This study hypothesizes whether the reduction of the anti-fibrosis property in WJ-MSCs from oxidative damage can be recovered by overexpression of the HGF, IGF1, or SHH gene. Overexpression was attained by transfection of WJ-MSCs with pCMV3-HGF, pCMV3-IGF1, or pCMV3-SHH followed by H2O2 exposure and co-culturing with cardiac fibroblasts. Myofibroblast specific markers comprised of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen type 1 (COL1) were evaluated. The WJ-MSCs treated with H2O2 influenced the expression of myofibroblastic markers, whereas the overexpression of HGF, IGF1 or SHH reduced myofibroblastic formation. These results indicate that the oxidative stress impaired anti-fibrotic property of WJ-MSCs, leads to an increase of myofibroblasts. Overexpression of anti-fibrotic genes restored the endogenous HGF, IGF1, and SHH alleviating improvement of cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natakarn Nimsanor
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Jitrada Phetfong
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Narisorn Kitiyanant
- Stem Cell Research Group, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Witchayapon Kamprom
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Aungkura Supokawej
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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Advanced drug delivery systems and artificial skin grafts for skin wound healing. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 146:209-239. [PMID: 30605737 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous injuries, especially chronic wounds, burns, and skin wound infection, require painstakingly long-term treatment with an immense financial burden to healthcare systems worldwide. However, clinical management of chronic wounds remains unsatisfactory in many cases. Various strategies including growth factor and gene delivery as well as cell therapy have been used to enhance the healing of non-healing wounds. Drug delivery systems across the nano, micro, and macroscales can extend half-life, improve bioavailability, optimize pharmacokinetics, and decrease dosing frequency of drugs and genes. Replacement of the damaged skin tissue with substitutes comprising cell-laden scaffold can also restore the barrier and regulatory functions of skin at the wound site. This review covers comprehensively the advanced treatment strategies to improve the quality of wound healing.
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Li X, Chen S, Yan L, Wang J, Pei M. Prospective application of stem cells to prevent post-operative skeletal fibrosis. J Orthop Res 2019; 37:1236-1245. [PMID: 30835890 PMCID: PMC9202416 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Post-operative skeletal fibrosis is considered one of the major complications causing dysfunction of the skeletal system and compromising the outcomes of clinical treatment. Limited success has been achieved using current therapies; more effective therapies to reduce post-operative skeletal fibrosis are needed. Stem cells possess the ability to repair and regenerate damaged tissue. Numerous studies show that stem cells serve as a promising therapeutic approach for fibrotic diseases in tissues other than the skeletal system by inhibiting the inflammatory response and secreting favorable cytokines through activating specific signaling pathways, acting as so-called medicinal signaling cells. In this review, current therapies are summarized for post-operative skeletal fibrosis. Given that stem cells are used as a promising therapeutic approach for fibrotic diseases, little effort has been undertaken to use stem cells to prevent post-operative skeletal fibrosis. This review aims at providing useful information for the potential application of stem cells in preventing post-operative skeletal fibrosis in the near future. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:1236-1245, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Orthopaedics Institute, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225001, China,Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Song Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, China
| | - Lianqi Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Orthopaedics Institute, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225001, China
| | - Jingcheng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Orthopaedics Institute, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225001, China,Co-Corresponding author: Jingcheng Wang, MD, Department of Orthopaedics, Subei People’s Hospital, 98 West Nantong Road, Yangzhou 225001, China;
| | - Ming Pei
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA,Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA,WVU Cancer Institute, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA,Corresponding author: Ming Pei MD, PhD, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, PO Box 9196, 64 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506-9196, USA, Telephone: 304-293-1072; Fax: 304-293-7070;
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Abdelmonem M, Shahin NN, Rashed LA, Amin HAA, Shamaa AA, Shaheen AA. Hydrogen sulfide enhances the effectiveness of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in rats with heart failure: In vitro preconditioning versus in vivo co-delivery. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108584. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Schmuck EG, Hacker TA, Schreier DA, Chesler NC, Wang Z. Beneficial effects of mesenchymal stem cell delivery via a novel cardiac bioscaffold on right ventricles of pulmonary arterial hypertensive rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 316:H1005-H1013. [PMID: 30822119 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00091.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Right ventricular failure (RVF) is a common cause of death in patients suffering from pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The current treatment for PAH only moderately improves symptoms, and RVF ultimately occurs. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new treatment strategies to protect against right ventricle (RV) maladaptation despite PAH progression. In this study, we hypothesize that local mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) delivery via a novel bioscaffold can improve RV function despite persistent PAH. To test our hypothesis, we induced PAH in adult rats with SU5416 and chronic hypoxia exposure; treated with rat MSCs delivered by intravenous injection, intramyocardial injection, or epicardial placement of a bioscaffold; and then examined treatment effectiveness by in vivo pressure-volume measurement, echocardiography, histology, and immunohistochemistry. Our results showed that compared with other treatment groups, only the MSC-seeded bioscaffold group resulted in RV functional improvement, including restored stroke volume, cardiac output, and improved stroke work. Diastolic function indicated by end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship was improved by the local MSC treatments or bioscaffold alone. Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and RV fibrosis were both reduced, and von Willebrand factor expression was restored by the MSC-seeded bioscaffold treatment. Overall, our study suggests a potential new regenerative therapy to rescue the pressure-overload failing RV with persistent pulmonary vascular disease, which may improve quality of life and/or survival of PAH patients. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We explored the effects of mesenchymal stem cell-seeded bioscaffold on right ventricles (RVs) of rats with established pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Some beneficial effects were observed despite persistent PAH, suggesting that this may be a new therapy for RV to improve quality of life and/or survival of PAH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric G Schmuck
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Timothy A Hacker
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - David A Schreier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Naomi C Chesler
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Zhijie Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado
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Novel Mesenchymal Stem Cell Strategy in Alleviating Toll-Like Receptor-4, p53 and Nrf2 Signaling in Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction in Rat Model. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2019; 18:232-241. [PMID: 29110132 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-017-9432-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells that merit the differentiation into various cell types. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that the cardioprotective effect of MSCs transplantation and digoxin treatment is mediated via the regulation of messenger RNA gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and apoptotic markers. Myocardial infarction was induced in Wistar rats via isoproterenol injection in a dose of (85 mg/kg, subcutaneously, twice at an interval of 24 h). Four weeks post-MSCs transplantation and digoxin treatment a significant reduction in serum cardiac markers, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase-MB and troponine II was observed. Meanwhile, isoproterenol significantly reduced the gene and protein expression of the oxidative stress marker nuclear-related factor-2 (Nrf2) with a concomitant elevation in (MDA) level and inflammatory markers toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4), intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs) and (VCAM-1). Moreover, apoptotic marker (P53) was significantly down-regulated. This was confirmed by histopathological investigations. It was hypothesized that MSCs transplantation was superior over digoxin treatment regimen in improving heart function.
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Abd El-Fattah AI, Zaghloul MS, Eltablawy NA, Rashed LA. α-Lipoic acid and amlodipine/perindopril combination potentiate the therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells on isoproterenol induced cardiac injury in rats. Biochimie 2018; 156:59-68. [PMID: 30308238 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac injury is a dangerous disease and become a greater issue in the forthcoming decades. The ultimate goal is to prevent the progression of heart failure and apoptotic processes. Cardiac tissue may regenerate itself but to certain extent depending on the number of resident stem cells that is limited. Thus, research had been focused on bone marrow derived stem cells (BM-MSCs) as a promising therapy in different types of tissues, including the heart. This study is designed not only to assess the therapeutic effect of BM-MSCs but also to improve their therapeutic effect in combination with antioxidant α-lipoic acid (ALA) and antihypertensive therapeutic drug form (AP) against isoproterenol-induced cardiac injury and compared with that of BM-MSCs alone. Cardiac injury was induced in 70 male rats by Isoproterenol (ISO was injected s.c. for four consecutive days). Experimental animals were divided into six ISO-treated groups beside a control non treated one. The six ISO-treated groups were divided into: ISO group, ISO+BM-MSCs group, ISO+ALA group, ISO+AP group, ISO+ALA+AP group and ISO+ALA+AP+BM-MSCs group, the last five groups were treated with the examined materials after one week of ISO injection. Isoproterenol significantly increased serum CK-MB, LDH activities, Troponin1 and TNF-α. Oxidative stress is evidenced by the increased MDA, NO and Caspase-3 activity associated with significant reduction of GSH content and SOD activity in cardiac tissue. Furthermore, mRNA expression of NFκB and iNOS were significantly up regulated and eNOS mRNA expression was down regulated. Administration of BM-MSCs, ALA and AP alone significantly mitigated the induced cardiac injury. Concomitant administration of ALA and AP after BM-MSCs induced a more pronounced improving effect on cardiac functions. In conclusion, the concomitant administration of ALA and AP after BM-MSCs infusion increases the cellular antioxidant levels of cardiac tissue that improves the repairing function of BM-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer I Abd El-Fattah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M S Zaghloul
- Biochemistry Division, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Egypt.
| | - N A Eltablawy
- Biochemistry Division, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Egypt
| | - L A Rashed
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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35
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Naseroleslami M, Aboutaleb N, Parivar K. The effects of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-labeled mesenchymal stem cells in the presence of a magnetic field on attenuation of injury after heart failure. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2018; 8:1214-1225. [PMID: 30128798 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-018-0567-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Migration of stem cells after transplantation reduces their therapeutic effects. In this study, we hypothesized that superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION)-labeled mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the presence of magnetic field may have a capability to increase regenerative ability after heart failure (HF). A rat model of ISO (isoproterenol)-HF was established to investigate the effects of SPION-labeled MSCs on tissue regeneration in the presence and absence of magnetic field. Hydrodynamic size, shape, and formation of chemical bonds between SPION and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were measured using dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The MRI was used to monitor SPION-labeled MSCs in vivo. Cell and tissue uptake of nanoparticles were determined by Prussian blue staining, atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), and inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP). Purity of the MSCs, heart function, myocardial fibrosis, and histologic damage were evaluated using flow-cytometry, echocardiography, Masson's trichrome, and H&E staining respectively. Various spectroscopic and microscopic analyses revealed that hydrodynamic size of SPION was 40 ± 2 and their shape was spherical. FTIR confirmed the presence of PEG on the surface of nanoparticles. The presence of magnetic field significantly increased cell homing. Highly purified MSCs population was detected by flow-cytometry. Using SPION-labeled MSCs in the presence of magnetic field markedly improved heart function and myocardial hypertrophy and reduced fibrosis (p < 0.05). Collectively, our results demonstrated that SPION-labeled MSCs in the presence of magnetic field might contribute to regeneration after HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Naseroleslami
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Islamic Azad University Tehran Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Aboutaleb
- Physiology Research Center, Iran university of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, Iran university of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kazem Parivar
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Faezi M, Nasseri Maleki S, Aboutaleb N, Nikougoftar M. The membrane mesenchymal stem cell derived conditioned medium exerts neuroprotection against focal cerebral ischemia by targeting apoptosis. J Chem Neuroanat 2018; 94:21-31. [PMID: 30121327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The mesenchymal stem cells derived from human amniotic membrane have the ability to secrete and release some factors that can promote the repair of damaged tissues. This secretome contains proteins and factors that reduce apoptosis and increase angiogenesis in the ischemia/reperfusion models. The present study was conducted to determine whether this secretome provides protection against transient focal cerebral ischemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A rat model of focal cerebral ischemia was established through middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 60 min and 24 h reperfusion. The amniotic mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium (AMSC-CM) at the dose of 0.5 μl was injected intracerebroventriculary (ICV) 30 min after reperfusion. Infarct volume, brain edema, neurobehavioral functions, and blood brain barrier (BBB) integrity were assessed 24 h after reperfusion. Neuronal loss and expression of caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 in motor cortex were evaluated by nissl staining and immunohistochemistry assay respectively. RESULTS ICV administration of AMSC-CM markedly reduced infarct volume, brain edema and the evans blue penetration rate compared with MCAO group (P < 0.05). Additionally, post-treatment with AMSC-CM significantly reduced neuronal loss, neurological motor disorders and expression of caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 in motor cortex compared with MCAO group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate that treatment with AMSC-CM improves the pathological effects in the acute phase of cerebral ischemia. These findings establish a substantial foundation for stroke therapy and future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Faezi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Solmaz Nasseri Maleki
- Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Aboutaleb
- Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahin Nikougoftar
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
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Exosomal miR-21a-5p mediates cardioprotection by mesenchymal stem cells. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 119:125-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy for Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:3250864. [PMID: 29743979 PMCID: PMC5878867 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3250864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Based on animal studies, adult mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are promising for the treatment of pancreatitis. However, the best type of this form of cell therapy and its mechanism of action remain unclear. Methods We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Clinical Trials.gov websites for studies using MSCs as a therapy for both acute and chronic pancreatitis published until September 2017. Results We identified 276 publications; of these publications, 18 met our inclusion criteria. In animal studies, stem cell therapy was applied more frequently for acute pancreatitis than for chronic pancreatitis. No clinical trials were identified. MSC therapy ameliorated pancreatic inflammation in acute pancreatitis and pancreatic fibrosis in chronic pancreatitis. Bone marrow and umbilical cord MSCs were the most frequently administered cell types. Due to the substantial heterogeneity among the studies regarding the type, source, and dose of MSCs used, conducting a meta-analysis was not feasible to determine the best type of MSCs. Conclusion The available data were insufficient for determining the best type of MSCs for the treatment of acute or chronic pancreatitis; therefore, clinical trials investigating the use of MSCs as therapy for pancreatitis are not warranted.
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La Francesca S, Aho JM, Barron MR, Blanco EW, Soliman S, Kalenjian L, Hanson AD, Todorova E, Marsh M, Burnette K, DerSimonian H, Odze RD, Wigle DA. Long-term regeneration and remodeling of the pig esophagus after circumferential resection using a retrievable synthetic scaffold carrying autologous cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4123. [PMID: 29515136 PMCID: PMC5841275 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22401-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of esophageal disease can necessitate resection and reconstruction of the esophagus. Current reconstruction approaches are limited to utilization of an autologous conduit such as stomach, small bowel, or colon. A tissue engineered construct providing an alternative for esophageal replacement in circumferential, full thickness resection would have significant clinical applications. In the current study, we demonstrate that regeneration of esophageal tissue is feasible and reproducible in a large animal model using synthetic polyurethane electro-spun grafts seeded with autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (aMSCs) and a disposable bioreactor. The scaffolds were not incorporated into the regrown esophageal tissue and were retrieved endoscopically. Animals underwent adipose tissue biopsy to harvest and expand autologous aMSCs for seeding on electro-spun polyurethane conduits in a bioreactor. Anesthetized pigs underwent full thickness circumferential resection of the mid-lower thoracic esophagus followed by implantation of the cell seeded scaffold. Results from these animals showed gradual structural regrowth of endogenous esophageal tissue, including squamous esophageal mucosa, submucosa, and smooth muscle layers with blood vessel formation. Scaffolds carrying autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells may provide an alternative to the use of a gastro-intestinal conduit for some patients following resection of the esophagus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Johnathon M Aho
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Matthew R Barron
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Ellen W Blanco
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Robert D Odze
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Dennis A Wigle
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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Acellular derivatives of mesenchymal stem cells prevent peritoneal adhesions in an animal model. J Surg Res 2018; 223:198-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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41
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Zhang Y, Yan W, Ji X, Yue H, Li G, Sang N. Maternal NO2 exposure induces cardiac hypertrophy in male offspring via ROS-HIF-1α transcriptional regulation and aberrant DNA methylation modification of Csx/Nkx2.5. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:1563-1579. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2166-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Munir H, Ward LSC, McGettrick HM. Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Endogenous Regulators of Inflammation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1060:73-98. [PMID: 30155623 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-78127-3_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This chapter discusses the regulatory role of endogenous mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) during an inflammatory response. MSC are a heterogeneous population of multipotent cells that normally contribute towards tissue maintenance and repair but have garnered significant scientific interest for their potent immunomodulatory potential. It is through these physicochemical interactions that MSC are able to exert an anti-inflammatory response on neighbouring stromal and haematopoietic cells. However, the impact of the chronic inflammatory environment on MSC function remains to be determined. Understanding the relationship of MSC between resolution of inflammation and autoimmunity will both offer new insights in the use of MSC as a therapeutic, and also their involvement in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Munir
- MRC Cancer Unit/Hutchison, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Helen M McGettrick
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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Zhong J, Wang S, Shen WB, Kaushal S, Yang P. The current status and future of cardiac stem/progenitor cell therapy for congenital heart defects from diabetic pregnancy. Pediatr Res 2018; 83:275-282. [PMID: 29016556 PMCID: PMC5876137 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2017.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pregestational maternal diabetes induces congenital heart defects (CHDs). Cardiac dysfunction after palliative surgical procedures contributes to the high mortality of CHD patients. Autologous or allogeneic stem cell therapies are effective for improving cardiac function in animal models and clinical trials. c-kit+ cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs), the most recognized CPCs, have the following basic properties of stem cells: self-renewal, multicellular clone formation, and differentiation into multiple cardiac lineages. However, there is ongoing debate regarding whether c-kit+ CPCs can give rise to sufficient cardiomyocytes. A new hypothesis to address the beneficial effect of c-kit+ CPCs is that these cells stimulate endogenous cardiac cells through a paracrine function in producing a robust secretome and exosomes. The values of other cardiac CPCs, including Sca1+ CPCs and cardiosphere-derived cells, are beginning to be revealed. These cells may be better choices than c-kit+ CPCs for generating cardiomyocytes. Adult mesenchymal stem cells are considered immune-incompetent and effective for improving cardiac function. Autologous CPC therapy may be limited by the observation that maternal diabetes adversely affects the biological function of embryonic stem cells and CPCs. Future studies should focus on determining the mechanistic action of these cells, identifying new CPC markers, selecting highly effective CPCs, and engineering cell-free products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiang Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Shengbing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Wei-Bin Shen
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sunjay Kaushal
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Peixin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Li LL, Peng C, Zhang M, Liu Y, Li H, Chen H, Sun Y, Zhu C, Zhang Y. Mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing adrenomedullin improve heart function through antifibrotic action in rats experiencing heart failure. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:1437-1444. [PMID: 29138835 PMCID: PMC5780080 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies of the authors have indicated that the transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can attenuate cardiac fibrosis through the secretion of antifibrotic factors, such as adrenomedullin (ADM). Therefore, the authors addressed the hypothesis that ADM overexpression could enhance the antifibrotic effect of MSCs transplantation in a rat model of heart failure. The results of the present study demonstrated that, compared with the group that received the GFP-MSCs, the transplantation of ADM-MSCs significantly improved heart function and decreased the percentage of fibrotic area and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2. In addition, fluorescence microscopy indicated that the survival of transplanted MSCs also increased significantly in the ADM-MSCs-treated group. Furthermore, the expression of fibrosis-related genes, such as ADM and hepatocyte growth factor, were significantly influenced in the ADM-MSCs-treated group. Based on these findings, it may be concluded that, compared with MSCs, MSCs overexpressing ADM can further improve heart function in rats experiencing heart failure through enhanced antifibrotic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Yumei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Hefei Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Handan, Handan, Hebei 056000, P.R. China
| | - Huibo Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Chunjun Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
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Fikry EM, Hassan WA, Gad AM. Bone marrow and adipose mesenchymal stem cells attenuate cardiac fibrosis induced by methotrexate in rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2017; 31. [PMID: 28815865 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an ideal adult stem cell with capacity for self-renewal and differentiation with an extensive tissue distribution. The present study evaluates the therapeutic effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) or adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) against the development of methotrexate (MTX)-induced cardiac fibrosis versus dexamethasone (DEX). Rats were allocated into five groups; group 1, received normal saline orally; group 2, received MTX (14 mg/kg/week for 2 weeks); groups 3 and 4, treated once with 2 × 106 cells of MTX + BM-MSCs and MTX + AD-MSCs, respectively; and group 5, MTX + DEX (0.5 mg/kg, for 7 days, P.O.). MTX induced cardiac fibrosis as marked changes in oxidative biomarkers and elevation of triglyceride, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, creatine kinase, and caspase-3, as well as deposited collagen. These injurious effects were antagonized after treatment with MSCs. So, MSCs possessed antioxidant, antiapoptotic, as well antifibrotic effects, which will perhaps initiate them as notable prospective for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebtehal Mohammad Fikry
- Department of Pharmacology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, NODCAR, Giza, Egypt
| | - Wedad A Hassan
- Department of Pharmacology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, NODCAR, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amany M Gad
- Department of Pharmacology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, NODCAR, Giza, Egypt
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Abstract
Dramatic evolution in medical and catheter interventions and complex surgeries to treat children with congenital heart disease (CHD) has led to a growing number of patients with a multitude of long-term complications associated with morbidity and mortality. Heart failure in patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome predicated by functional single ventricle lesions is associated with an increase in CHD prevalence and remains a significant challenge. Pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to the progression of CHD, including single ventricle lesions and dilated cardiomyopathy, and adult heart disease may inevitably differ. Although therapeutic options for advanced cardiac failure are restricted to heart transplantation or mechanical circulatory support, there is a strong impetus to develop novel therapeutic strategies. As lower vertebrates, such as the newt and zebrafish, have a remarkable ability to replace lost cardiac tissue, this intrinsic self-repair machinery at the early postnatal stage in mice was confirmed by partial ventricular resection. Although the underlying mechanistic insights might differ among the species, mammalian heart regeneration occurs even in humans, with the highest degree occurring in early childhood and gradually declining with age in adulthood, suggesting the advantage of stem cell therapy to ameliorate ventricular dysfunction in patients with CHD. Although effective clinical translation by a variety of stem cells in adult heart disease remains inconclusive with respect to the improvement of cardiac function, case reports and clinical trials based on stem cell therapies in patients with CHD may be invaluable for the next stage of therapeutic development. Dissecting the differential mechanisms underlying progressive ventricular dysfunction in children and adults may lead us to identify a novel regenerative therapy. Future regenerative technologies to treat patients with CHD are exciting prospects for heart regeneration in general practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidemasa Oh
- From the Department of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
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48
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Tang X, Qin H, Gu X, Fu X. China’s landscape in regenerative medicine. Biomaterials 2017; 124:78-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Li L, Guan Q, Dai S, Wei W, Zhang Y. Integrin β1 Increases Stem Cell Survival and Cardiac Function after Myocardial Infarction. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:135. [PMID: 28367125 PMCID: PMC5355448 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation is a promising therapeutic approach for myocardial infarction (MI), but its application is limited by poor viability of BMSCs. In this study, we aimed to improve the survival of BMSCs by lentivirus vector mediated overexpression of integrin β1. In vitro study showed that integrin β1 overexpression could facilitate the proliferation of BMSCs under oxygen glucose deprivation condition and regulated the expression of Caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, FAK, and ILK in BMSCs. Next, MI was induced in rat model and Igtb1BMSCs, NullBMSCs, or NatBMSCs were transplanted by intramyocardial injection. One week later, the survival of BMSCs was higher in Itgb1 BMSCs group than in other groups. Four weeks after transplantation, heart function was significantly improved in Igtb1BMSCs group compared to other groups. The expression levels of Caspase-3 and Bax were decreased while the expression levels of Bcl-2, FAK, ILK, and VEGF were increased in the cardiomyocytes of Igtb1BMSCs group compared to other groups. In conclusion, integrin β1 overexpression could increase the survival of BMSCs and improve the efficacy of transplanted BMSCs for MI treatment. The beneficial effects may be mediated by inhibiting the apoptosis of both transplanted BMSCs and cardiomyocytes through adhesion-mediated cell survival signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University Harbin, China
| | - Qifan Guan
- Department of Cardiology, Yunnan Fuwai Cardiovascular Disease Hospital Kunming City, China
| | - Shuling Dai
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Shanxi Cardiovascular Hospital Taiyuan City, China
| | - Wen Wei
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University Harbin, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University Harbin, China
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Prospective Therapy for the Diabetic Foot. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:4612167. [PMID: 27867398 PMCID: PMC5102750 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4612167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The diabetic foot is a serious complication of diabetes. Mesenchymal stem cells are an abundant source of stem cells which occupy a special position in cell therapies, and recent studies have suggested that mesenchymal stem cells can play essential roles in treatments for the diabetic foot. Here, we discuss the advances that have been made in mesenchymal stem cell treatments for this condition. The roles and functional mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells in the diabetic foot are also summarized, and insights into current and future studies are presented.
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