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Tan S, Tan S, Tokgün O, Çetin H, Tokgün E, Özdamar S. Investigation of diabetes-related molecular changes in embryo-endometrium crosstalk. Gene 2024; 922:148557. [PMID: 38740354 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to explore the impact of diabetes on matrix metalloproteases and tissue inhibitors, crucial factors for successful implantation, and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that undergo changes in the endometrium and the embryo during diabetic pregnancies. In this investigation, we established a streptozotocin-induced diabetic pregnant rat model. Microarray analysis followed by RT-PCR was utilized to identify gene regions exhibiting expression alterations. Subsequently, we assessed the effects of MMPs and tissue inhibitors using ELISA and immunohistochemistry techniques, in addition to analyzing changes at the genetic level. Diabetes led to the upregulation of MMP3, MMP9, and MMP20 on the 6.5th day of pregnancy, while causing the downregulation of MMP3, MMP9, and MMP11 on the 8.5th day of pregnancy. TIMP1 expression was downregulated on the 8.5th day compared to the control group. No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups regarding other TIMP expressions. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that diabetes induced alterations in the expression of genes associated with certain microRNAs, as well as signaling pathways such as cAMP, calcium, BMP, p53, MAPK, PI3K-Akt, Jak-STAT, Hippo, Wnt, and TNF. Additionally, gene ontology analysis unveiled changes in membrane structures, extracellular matrix, signaling pathways, ion binding, protein binding, cell adhesion molecule binding, and receptor-ligand activity. This study serves as a valuable guide for investigating the mechanisms responsible for complications in diabetic pregnancies. By revealing the early-stage effects of diabetes, it offers insight into the development of new diagnostic and treatment approaches, ultimately contributing to improved patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semih Tan
- Ordu University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Turkiye.
| | - Seçil Tan
- Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetic, Turkiye
| | - Onur Tokgün
- Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetic, Turkiye
| | - Hülya Çetin
- Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Turkiye
| | - Elvan Tokgün
- Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetic, Turkiye
| | - Saim Özdamar
- Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Turkiye
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2
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Yan YS, Feng C, Yu DQ, Tian S, Zhou Y, Huang YT, Cai YT, Chen J, Zhu MM, Jin M. Long-term outcomes and potential mechanisms of offspring exposed to intrauterine hyperglycemia. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1067282. [PMID: 37255932 PMCID: PMC10226394 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1067282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus during pregnancy, which can be classified into pregestational diabetes and gestational diabetes, has become much more prevalent worldwide. Maternal diabetes fosters an intrauterine abnormal environment for fetus, which not only influences pregnancy outcomes, but also leads to fetal anomaly and development of diseases in later life, such as metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, neuropsychiatric outcomes, reproduction malformation, and immune dysfunction. The underlying mechanisms are comprehensive and ambiguous, which mainly focus on microbiota, inflammation, reactive oxygen species, cell viability, and epigenetics. This review concluded with the influence of intrauterine hyperglycemia on fetal structure development and organ function on later life and outlined potential mechanisms that underpin the development of diseases in adulthood. Maternal diabetes leaves an effect that continues generations after generations through gametes, thus more attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of diabetes to rescue the pathological attacks of maternal diabetes from the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Shang Yan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chun Feng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan-Qing Yu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shen Tian
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yin Zhou
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Ting Huang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Ting Cai
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miao-Miao Zhu
- Department of Operating Theatre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Min Jin
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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3
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Li Z, Yu M, Wang P, Qian H, Fan Y, Li X, Xu Q, Wang X, Wang X, Lu C. Association between maternal diabetes mellitus and allergic diseases in children - A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2021; 32:880-891. [PMID: 33709502 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Existing knowledge suggests that gestational diabetes mellitus was inconsistently associated with offspring allergic diseases. The aim of this study was to identify the association between maternal diabetes mellitus and the risk of offspring allergic diseases by systematic review. METHODS We searched and retrieved three databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) for articles on the association between maternal diabetes mellitus and offspring allergic diseases published before December 31, 2019. Stata software version 16.0 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Eight published studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled effect estimates showed the association between maternal diabetes mellitus and allergic outcomes, including asthma (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.01-1.27), wheezing (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.07-1.21), and atopic dermatitis (OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.22-1.57). Maternal diabetes mellitus was not associated with the risk of allergic sensitization, with a pooled effect estimate of 1.07 (95% CI: 0.45, 2.58). CONCLUSION Maternal diabetes mellitus may increase the risk of allergic diseases in their children. However, this finding should be validated with future large-sample epidemiological studies covering a wider spectrum of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiuzhu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuncheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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4
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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic, progressive, incompletely understood metabolic disorder whose prevalence has been increasing steadily worldwide. Even though little attention has been paid to lung disorders in the context of diabetes, its prevalence has recently been challenged by newer studies of disease development. In this review, we summarize and discuss the role of diabetes mellitus involved in the progression of pulmonary diseases, with the main focus on pulmonary fibrosis, which represents a chronic and progressive disease with high mortality and limited therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Kolahian
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomics and Drug Research (ICePhA), Eberhard Karls University Hospitals and Clinics, Tübingen, Germany.
- Department of Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Eberhard Karls University Hospitals and Clinics, Tübingen, Germany.
- Department of Pharmacogenomics, University of Tübingen, Wilhelmstrasse. 56, D-72074, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Veronika Leiss
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomics and Drug Research (ICePhA), Eberhard Karls University Hospitals and Clinics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernd Nürnberg
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomics and Drug Research (ICePhA), Eberhard Karls University Hospitals and Clinics, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Eberhard Karls University Hospitals and Clinics, Tübingen, Germany
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5
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Juárez-Vázquez CI, Gurrola-Díaz CM, Vargas-Guerrero B, Domínguez-Rosales JA, Rodriguez-Ortiz JF, Barros-Núñez P, Flores-Martínez SE, Sánchez-Corona J, Rosales-Reynoso MA. Insulin glargine affects the expression of Igf-1r, Insr, and Igf-1 genes in colon and liver of diabetic rats. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018; 21:489-494. [PMID: 29922429 PMCID: PMC6000212 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2018.24867.6185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective(s): The mitogenic effect of the analogous insulin glargine is currently under debate since several clinical studies have raised the possibility that insulin glargine treatment has a carcinogenic potential in different tissues. This study aimed to evaluate the Igf-1r, Insr, and Igf-1 gene expression in colon and liver of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats in response to insulin glargine, neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin, and metformin treatments. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats were induced during one week with streptozotocin to develop Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) and then randomly distributed into four groups. T2D rats included in the first group received insulin glargine, the second group received NPH insulin, the third group received metformin; finally, untreated T2D rats were included as the control group. All groups were treated for seven days; after the treatment, tissue samples of liver and colon were obtained. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was performed to analyze the Igf-1r, Insr and Igf-1 gene expression in each tissue sample. Results: The liver tissue showed overexpression of the Insr and Igf-1r genes (P>0.001) in rats treated with insulin glargine in comparison with the control group. Similar results were observed for the Insr gene (P>0.011) in colonic tissue of rats treated with insulin glargine. Conclusion: These observations demonstrate that insulin glargine promote an excess of insulin and IGF-1 receptors in STZ-induced diabetic rats, which could overstimulate the mitogenic signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara I Juárez-Vázquez
- División de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Carmen M Gurrola-Díaz
- Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, C.U.C.S, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Belinda Vargas-Guerrero
- Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, C.U.C.S, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - José A Domínguez-Rosales
- Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, C.U.C.S, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Jessica F Rodriguez-Ortiz
- División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Patricio Barros-Núñez
- División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Silvia E Flores-Martínez
- División de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - José Sánchez-Corona
- División de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Mónica A Rosales-Reynoso
- División de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
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6
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7
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Sorensen GL. Surfactant Protein D in Respiratory and Non-Respiratory Diseases. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:18. [PMID: 29473039 PMCID: PMC5809447 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Surfactant protein D (SP-D) is a multimeric collectin that is involved in innate immune defense and expressed in pulmonary, as well as non-pulmonary, epithelia. SP-D exerts antimicrobial effects and dampens inflammation through direct microbial interactions and modulation of host cell responses via a series of cellular receptors. However, low protein concentrations, genetic variation, biochemical modification, and proteolytic breakdown can induce decomposition of multimeric SP-D into low-molecular weight forms, which may induce pro-inflammatory SP-D signaling. Multimeric SP-D can decompose into trimeric SP-D, and this process, and total SP-D levels, are partly determined by variation within the SP-D gene, SFTPD. SP-D has been implicated in the development of respiratory diseases including respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, allergic asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Disease-induced breakdown or modifications of SP-D facilitate its systemic leakage from the lung, and circulatory SP-D is a promising biomarker for lung injury. Moreover, studies in preclinical animal models have demonstrated that local pulmonary treatment with recombinant SP-D is beneficial in these diseases. In recent years, SP-D has been shown to exert antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects in various non-pulmonary organs and to have effects on lipid metabolism and pro-inflammatory effects in vessel walls, which enhance the risk of atherosclerosis. A common SFTPD polymorphism is associated with atherosclerosis and diabetes, and SP-D has been associated with metabolic disorders because of its effects in the endothelium and adipocytes and its obesity-dampening properties. This review summarizes and discusses the reported genetic associations of SP-D with disease and the clinical utility of circulating SP-D for respiratory disease prognosis. Moreover, basic research on the mechanistic links between SP-D and respiratory, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases is summarized. Perspectives on the development of SP-D therapy are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grith L Sorensen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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8
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Azad MB, Moyce BL, Guillemette L, Pascoe CD, Wicklow B, McGavock JM, Halayko AJ, Dolinsky VW. Diabetes in pregnancy and lung health in offspring: developmental origins of respiratory disease. Paediatr Respir Rev 2017; 21:19-26. [PMID: 27665512 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is an increasingly common complication of pregnancy. In parallel with this trend, a rise in chronic lung disease in children has been observed in recent decades. While several adverse health outcomes associated with exposure to diabetes in utero have been documented in epidemiological and experimental studies, few have examined the impact of diabetes in pregnancy on offspring lung health and respiratory disease. We provide a comprehensive overview of current literature on this topic, finding suggestive evidence that exposure to diabetes in utero may have adverse effects on lung development. Delayed lung maturation and increased risk of respiratory distress syndrome have been consistently observed among infants born to mothers with diabetes and these findings are also observed in some rodent models of diabetes in pregnancy. Further research is needed to confirm and characterize epidemiologic observations that diabetes in pregnancy may predispose offspring to childhood wheezing illness and asthma. Parallel translational studies in human pregnancy cohorts and experimental models are needed to explore the role of fetal programming and other potential biological mechanisms in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Azad
- Manitoba Developmental Origins of Chronic Diseases in Children Network (DEVOTION); Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
| | - B L Moyce
- Manitoba Developmental Origins of Chronic Diseases in Children Network (DEVOTION); Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - L Guillemette
- Manitoba Developmental Origins of Chronic Diseases in Children Network (DEVOTION); Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Applied Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - C D Pascoe
- Manitoba Developmental Origins of Chronic Diseases in Children Network (DEVOTION); Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - B Wicklow
- Manitoba Developmental Origins of Chronic Diseases in Children Network (DEVOTION); Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - J M McGavock
- Manitoba Developmental Origins of Chronic Diseases in Children Network (DEVOTION); Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - A J Halayko
- Manitoba Developmental Origins of Chronic Diseases in Children Network (DEVOTION); Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - V W Dolinsky
- Manitoba Developmental Origins of Chronic Diseases in Children Network (DEVOTION); Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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9
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Baack ML, Forred BJ, Larsen TD, Jensen DN, Wachal AL, Khan MA, Vitiello PF. Consequences of a Maternal High-Fat Diet and Late Gestation Diabetes on the Developing Rat Lung. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160818. [PMID: 27518105 PMCID: PMC4982689 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale Infants born to diabetic or obese mothers are at risk of respiratory distress and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN), conceivably through fuel-mediated pathogenic mechanisms. Prior research and preventative measures focus on controlling maternal hyperglycemia, but growing evidence suggests a role for additional circulating fuels including lipids. Little is known about the individual or additive effects of a maternal high-fat diet on fetal lung development. Objective The objective of this study was to determine the effects of a maternal high-fat diet, alone and alongside late-gestation diabetes, on lung alveologenesis and vasculogenesis, as well as to ascertain if consequences persist beyond the perinatal period. Methods A rat model was used to study lung development in offspring from control, diabetes-exposed, high-fat diet-exposed and combination-exposed pregnancies via morphometric, histologic (alveolarization and vasculogenesis) and physiologic (echocardiography, pulmonary function) analyses at birth and 3 weeks of age. Outcomes were interrogated for diet, diabetes and interaction effect using ANOVA with significance set at p≤0.05. Findings prompted additional mechanistic inquiry of key molecular pathways. Results Offspring exposed to maternal diabetes or high-fat diet, alone and in combination, had smaller lungs and larger hearts at birth. High-fat diet-exposed, but not diabetes-exposed offspring, had a higher perinatal death rate and echocardiographic evidence of PPHN at birth. Alveolar mean linear intercept, septal thickness, and airspace area (D2) were not significantly different between the groups; however, markers of lung maturity were. Both diabetes-exposed and diet-exposed offspring expressed more T1α protein, a marker of type I cells. Diet-exposed newborn pups expressed less surfactant protein B and had fewer pulmonary vessels enumerated. Mechanistic inquiry revealed alterations in AKT activation, higher endothelin-1 expression, and an impaired Txnip/VEGF pathway that are important for vessel growth and migration. After 3 weeks, mortality remained highest and static lung compliance and hysteresis were lowest in combination-exposed offspring. Conclusion This study emphasizes the effects of a maternal high-fat diet, especially alongside late-gestation diabetes, on pulmonary vasculogenesis, demonstrates adverse consequences beyond the perinatal period and directs attention to mechanistic pathways of interest. Findings provide a foundation for additional investigation of preventative and therapeutic strategies aimed at decreasing pulmonary morbidity in at-risk infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L. Baack
- Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sanford School of Medicine-University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine-University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America
- Children’s Health Specialty Clinic, Sanford Children’s Hospital, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Benjamin J. Forred
- Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America
| | - Tricia D. Larsen
- Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America
| | - Danielle N. Jensen
- Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America
| | - Angela L. Wachal
- Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America
| | - Muhammad Ali Khan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sanford School of Medicine-University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America
| | - Peter F. Vitiello
- Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine-University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America
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10
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Oztay F, Sacan O, Kayalar O, Bolkent S, Ipci Y, Kabasakal L, Sener G, Yanardag R. Chard (Beta vulgaris var. cicla) extract improved hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and surfactant-associated protein alterations in rat lungs. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 53:1639-1646. [PMID: 25880138 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.997252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Chard is used as an antidiabetic agent by the diabetic patients in Turkey. OBJECTIVE The effect of chard extract [Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla (Chenopodiaceae)] on the antioxidant system and the expression of surfactant-associated proteins (SP) in the lungs of hyperglycemic rats were examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hyperglycemia was induced by a single dose of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) provided intraperitoneally. Fourteen days after the rats were rendered hyperglycemic, the chard (2 g/kg/d), insulin (6 U/kg/d), and chard plus insulin (as mentioned above) were administered to rats for 45 d. On day 60, rats' lungs were removed. Oxidative stress parameters and SP expression were assayed. RESULTS The lungs of hyperglycemic rats were characterized by the induced lipid and protein oxidation, elevated myeloperoxidase and xanthine oxidase activities, decreased glutathione levels, and reduced tissue factor and antioxidant enzymes activities (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione-S-transferase). Chard treatment alone and chard treatment combined with insulin were capable of achieving a regression of pulmonary oxidative stress, by inhibiting lipid and protein oxidation, and restoring the antioxidant system of hyperglycemic rats. SP-A expressions were significantly unchanged in all groups, whereas pro-SP-C and SP-D expressions were reduced in hyperglycemic rats. Pro-SP-C and SP-D levels were increased by chard and insulin administrations alone and combined in hyperglycemic rats. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION All treatments have a positive effect on the surfactant and antioxidant systems of the lungs of hyperglycemic rats. The best therapeutic effect was provided by treatment with chard extract alone in the compensation of hyperglycemic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fusun Oztay
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and
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11
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Salazar García M, Reyes Maldonado E, Revilla Monsalve MC, Villavicencio Guzmán L, Reyes López A, Sánchez-Gómez C. Importance of maternal diabetes on the chronological deregulation of the intrauterine development: an experimental study in rat. J Diabetes Res 2015; 2015:354265. [PMID: 25756053 PMCID: PMC4337320 DOI: 10.1155/2015/354265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether maternal diabetes induced in rats using streptozotocin (STZ) on Day 5 of pregnancy affects the intrauterine developmental timeline. A total of 30 pregnant Sprague-Dawley diabetic rats (DRs) and 20 control rats (CRs) were used to obtain 21-day fetuses (F21) and newborn (NB) pups. Gestational age, weight, and body size were recorded as were the maxillofacial morphometry and morphohistological characteristics of the limbs. In DRs, pregnancy continued for ∼1.7 days, and delivery occurred 23 days postcoitus (DPC). In this group, the number of pups was lower, and 13% had maxillofacial defects. F21 in the DR group had lower weights and were smaller; moreover, the morphological characteristics of the maxillofacial structures, derived from the neural crest, were discordant with their chronological gestational age, resembling 18- to 19-day-old fetuses. These deficiencies were counterbalanced in NB pups. We conclude that hyperglycemia, which results from maternal diabetes and precedes embryo implantation, deregulates the intrauterine developmental timeline, restricts embryo-fetal growth, and primarily delays the remodeling and maturation of the structures derived from neural crest cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Salazar García
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biología del Desarrollo y Teratogénesis Experimental, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Dr. Márquez 162, 06720 Colonia Doctores, DF, Mexico
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala, 11340 Colonia Santo Tomas, DF, Mexico
| | - Elba Reyes Maldonado
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala, 11340 Colonia Santo Tomas, DF, Mexico
| | - María Cristina Revilla Monsalve
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Metabólicas, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Avenida Cuauhtémoc 330, 06725 Colonia Doctores, DF, Mexico
| | - Laura Villavicencio Guzmán
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biología del Desarrollo y Teratogénesis Experimental, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Dr. Márquez 162, 06720 Colonia Doctores, DF, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Reyes López
- Dirección de Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Dr. Márquez 162, 06720 Colonia Doctores, DF, Mexico
| | - Concepción Sánchez-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biología del Desarrollo y Teratogénesis Experimental, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Dr. Márquez 162, 06720 Colonia Doctores, DF, Mexico
- *Concepción Sánchez-Gómez:
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Saidullah B, Muralidhar K, Fahim M. Onset of diabetes modulates the airway smooth muscle reactivity of guinea pigs: role of epithelial mediators. J Smooth Muscle Res 2014; 50:29-38. [PMID: 24829035 PMCID: PMC5137320 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.50.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes induces lung dysfunction, leading to alteration in the pulmonary functions. Our aim was to investigate whether the early stage of diabetes alters the epithelium-dependent bronchial responses and whether nitric oxide (NO), KATP channels and cyclooxygenase (COX) pathways contribute in this effect. METHODS Guinea pigs were treated with a single injection of streptozotocin (180 mg/kg, i.p.) for induction of diabetes. Airway conductivity was assessed by inhaled histamine, using a non-invasive body plethysmography. The contractile responses of tracheal rings induced by acetylcholine (ACh) and relaxant responses of precontracted rings, induced by isoproterenol (IP) were compared in the presence and absence of the epithelium. Effects of N(ω)-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), glybenclamide (a KATP channel inhibitor) and indomethacin (a COX inhibitor) were also assessed in diabetic guinea pigs. RESULTS Early stage diabetes did not alter the airway conductivity. ACh-induced bronchoconstriction in epithelium intact tracheal rings was not affected by the onset of diabetes, however a reduction in the increased ACh responses due to epithelium removal, to L-NAME or to indomethacin was observed. The relaxation response to IP was impaired in trachea from guinea pigs in which diabetes had just developed. Early diabetes significantly reduced the IP response to glybenclamide and to indomethacin. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that the early stage of diabetes, modulate the bronchial reactivity to both ACh and IP by disrupting the NO, KATP channels and COX pathways, without affecting the airway conductivity in guinea pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bano Saidullah
- Department of Physiology, VP Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi , India
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Kurtz M, Capobianco E, Careaga V, Martinez N, Mazzucco MB, Maier M, Jawerbaum A. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligands regulate lipid content, metabolism, and composition in fetal lungs of diabetic rats. J Endocrinol 2014; 220:345-59. [PMID: 24389592 DOI: 10.1530/joe-13-0362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Maternal diabetes impairs fetal lung development. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors relevant in lipid homeostasis and lung development. This study aims to evaluate the effect of in vivo activation of PPARs on lipid homeostasis in fetal lungs of diabetic rats. To this end, we studied lipid concentrations, expression of lipid metabolizing enzymes and fatty acid composition in fetal lungs of control and diabetic rats i) after injections of the fetuses with Leukotriene B4 (LTB4, PPARα ligand) or 15deoxyΔ(12,14)prostaglandin J2 (15dPGJ2, PPARγ ligand) and ii) fed during pregnancy with 6% olive oil- or 6% safflower oil-supplemented diets, enriched with PPAR ligands were studied. Maternal diabetes increased triglyceride concentrations and decreased expression of lipid-oxidizing enzymes in fetal lungs of diabetic rats, an expression further decreased by LTB4 and partially restored by 15dPGJ2 in lungs of male fetuses in the diabetic group. In lungs of female fetuses in the diabetic group, maternal diets enriched with olive oil increased triglyceride concentrations and fatty acid synthase expression, while those enriched with safflower oil increased triglyceride concentrations and fatty acid transporter expression. Both olive oil- and safflower oil-supplemented diets decreased cholesterol and cholesteryl ester concentrations and increased the expression of the reverse cholesterol transporter ATP-binding cassette A1 in fetal lungs of female fetuses of diabetic rats. In fetal lungs of control and diabetic rats, the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids increased with the maternal diets enriched with olive and safflower oils. Our results revealed important changes in lipid metabolism in fetal lungs of diabetic rats, and in the ability of PPAR ligands to modulate the composition of lipid species relevant in the lung during the perinatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kurtz
- Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, CEFyBO-CONICET, School of Medicine and UMYMFOR (CONICET-UBA), Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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14
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Kurtz M, Martínez N, Capobianco E, Higa R, Fornes D, White V, Jawerbaum A. Increased nitric oxide production and gender-dependent changes in PPARα expression and signaling in the fetal lung from diabetic rats. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012; 362:120-7. [PMID: 22687882 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2012.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Revised: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The fetal lung is affected by maternal diabetes. Nuclear receptor PPARα regulates nitric oxide (NO) overproduction in different tissues. We aimed to determine whether fetal lung PPARα expression is altered by maternal diabetes, and if there are gender-dependent changes in PPARα regulation of NO production in the fetal lung. Fetal lungs from control and diabetic rats were explanted on day 21 of gestation and evaluated for PPARα expression and NO production. Fetuses were injected with the PPARα ligand LTB(4) on days 19, 20 and 21, and the fetal lung explanted on day 21 to evaluate PPARα and the inducible isoform of NO synthase (iNOS). Besides, pregnant rats were fed with olive oil- and safflower oil-supplemented diets, enriched in PPAR ligands, for evaluation of fetal lung NO production and PPARα expression. We found reduced PPARα concentrations only in the lung from male fetuses from the diabetic group when compared to controls, although maternal diabetes led to NO overproduction in both male and female fetal lungs. Fetal activation of PPARα led to changes in lung PPARα expression only in female fetuses, although this treatment increased iNOS expression in both male and female fetuses in the diabetic group. Diets supplemented with olive oil and not with safflower oil led to a reduction in NO production in male and female fetal lungs. In conclusion, there are gender-dependent changes in PPARα expression and signaling in the fetal lung from diabetic rats, although PPARα activation prevents maternal diabetes-induced lung NO overproduction in both male and female fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa Kurtz
- Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, CEFYBO-CONICET, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155 (1121ABG) Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Huang Y, Kempen MBV, Munck ABD, Swagemakers S, Driegen S, Mahavadi P, Meijer D, van Ijcken W, van der Spek P, Grosveld F, Günther A, Tibboel D, Rottier RJ. Hypoxia-inducible factor 2α plays a critical role in the formation of alveoli and surfactant. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2012; 46:224-32. [PMID: 22298531 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2011-0024oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alveolarization of the developing lung is an important step toward the switch from intrauterine life to breathing oxygen-rich air after birth. The distal airways structurally change to minimize the gas exchange path, and Type II pneumocytes increase the production of surfactants, which are required to reduce surface tension at the air-liquid interface in the alveolus. Hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (Hif2α) is an oxygen-regulated transcription factor expressed in endothelial and Type II cells, and its expression increases toward the end of gestation. We investigated the role of Hif2α in Type II cells by conditionally expressing an oxygen-insensitive mutant of Hif2α in airway epithelial cells during development. Newborn mice expressing the mutant Hif2α were born alive but quickly succumbed to respiratory distress. Subsequent analysis of the lungs revealed dilated alveoli covered with enlarged, aberrant Type II cells and a diminished number of Type I cells. The Type II cells accumulated glycogen in part by increased glucose uptake via the up-regulation of the glucose transporter 1. Furthermore, the cells lacked two crucial enzymes involved in the metabolism of glycogen into surfactant lipids, lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase and ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 3. We conclude that Hif2α is a key regulator in alveolar maturation and the production of phospholipids by Type II cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadi Huang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Abstract
The worldwide increase in the incidence of diabetes, the increase in type 2 diabetes in women at reproductive ages, and the cross-generation of the intrauterine programming of type 2 diabetes are the bases for the growing interest in the use of experimental diabetic models in order to gain insight into the mechanisms of induction of developmental alterations in maternal diabetes. In this scenario, experimental models that present the most common features of diabetes in pregnancy are highly required. Several important aspects of human diabetic pregnancies such as the increased rates of spontaneous abortions, malformations, fetoplacental impairments, and offspring diseases in later life can be approached by using the appropriate animal models. The purpose of this review is to give a practical and critical guide into the most frequently used experimental models in diabetes and pregnancy, discuss their advantages and limitations, and describe the aspects of diabetes and pregnancy for which these models are thought to be adequate. This review provides a comprehensive view and an extensive analysis of the different models and phenotypes addressed in diabetic animals throughout pregnancy. The review includes an analysis of the surgical, chemical-induced, and genetic experimental models of diabetes and an evaluation of their use to analyze early pregnancy defects, induction of congenital malformations, placental and fetal alterations, and the intrauterine programming of metabolic diseases in the offspring's later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Jawerbaum
- Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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