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Taube N, Kabir R, Ebenebe OV, Garbus H, Alam El Din SM, Illingworth E, Fitch M, Wang N, Kohr MJ. Prenatal arsenite exposure alters maternal cardiac remodeling during late pregnancy. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 483:116833. [PMID: 38266874 PMCID: PMC10922692 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to inorganic arsenic through drinking water is widespread and has been linked to many chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease. Arsenic exposure has been shown to alter hypertrophic signaling in the adult heart, as well as in utero offspring development. However, the effect of arsenic on maternal cardiac remodeling during pregnancy has not been studied. As such, there is a need to understand how environmental exposure contributes to adverse pregnancy-related cardiovascular events. This study seeks to understand the impact of trivalent inorganic arsenic exposure during gestation on maternal cardiac remodeling in late pregnancy, as well as offspring outcomes. C57BL/6 J mice were exposed to 0 (control), 100 or 1000 μg/L sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) beginning at embryonic day (E) 2.5 and continuing through E17.5. Maternal heart function and size were assessed via transthoracic echocardiography, gravimetric measurement, and histology. Transcript levels of hypertrophic markers were probed via qRT-PCR and confirmed by western blot. Offspring outcomes were assessed through echocardiography and gravimetric measurement. We found that maternal heart size was smaller and transcript levels of Esr1 (estrogen receptor alpha), Pgrmc1 (progesterone receptor membrane component 1) and Pgrmc2 (progesterone receptor membrane component 2) reduced during late pregnancy with exposure to 1000 μg/L iAs vs. non-exposed pregnant controls. Both 100 and 1000 μg/L iAs also reduced transcription of Nppa (atrial natriuretic peptide). Akt protein expression was also significantly reduced after 1000 μg/L iAs exposure in the maternal heart with no change in activating phosphorylation. This significant abrogation of maternal cardiac hypertrophy suggests that arsenic exposure during pregnancy can potentially contribute to cardiovascular disease. Taken together, our findings further underscore the importance of reducing arsenic exposure during pregnancy and indicate that more research is needed to assess the impact of arsenic and other environmental exposures on the maternal heart and adverse pregnancy events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Taube
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Raihan Kabir
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Obialunanma V Ebenebe
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Haley Garbus
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sarah-Marie Alam El Din
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Emily Illingworth
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Michael Fitch
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nadan Wang
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Mark J Kohr
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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Oz M, Lorke DE, Kabbani N. A comprehensive guide to the pharmacologic regulation of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 221:107750. [PMID: 33275999 PMCID: PMC7854082 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The recent emergence of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) as a global pandemic has prompted scientists to address an urgent need for defining mechanisms of disease pathology and treatment. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent for COVID-19, employs angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as its primary target for cell surface attachment and likely entry into the host cell. Thus, understanding factors that may regulate the expression and function of ACE2 in the healthy and diseased body is critical for clinical intervention. Over 66% of all adults in the United States are currently using a prescription drug and while earlier findings have focused on possible upregulation of ACE2 expression through the use of renin angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors, mounting evidence suggests that various other widely administered drugs used in the treatment of hypertension, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemias, coagulation disorders, and pulmonary disease may also present a varied risk for COVID-19. Specifically, we summarize mechanisms on how heparin, statins, steroids and phytochemicals, besides their established therapeutic effects, may also interfere with SARS-CoV-2 viral entry into cells. We also describe evidence on the effect of several vitamins, phytochemicals, and naturally occurring compounds on ACE2 expression and activity in various tissues and disease models. This comprehensive review aims to provide a timely compendium on the potential impact of commonly prescribed drugs and pharmacologically active compounds on COVID-19 pathology and risk through regulation of ACE2 and RAS signaling.
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Key Words
- adam17, a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17
- ace, angiotensin i converting enzyme
- ace-inh., angiotensin i converting enzyme inhibitor
- ampk, amp-activated protein kinase
- ang-ii, angiotensin ii
- arb, angiotensin ii type 1-receptor blocker
- ards, acute respiratory distress syndrome
- at1-r, angiotensin ii type 1-receptor
- βarb, β-adrenergic receptor blockers
- bk, bradykinin
- ccb, calcium channel blockers
- ch25h, cholesterol-25-hydroxylase
- copd, chronic obstructive lung disease
- cox, cyclooxygenase
- covid-19, coronavirus disease-2019
- dabk, [des-arg9]-bradykinin
- erk, extracellular signal-regulated kinase
- 25hc, 25-hydroxycholesterol
- hs, heparan sulfate
- hspg, heparan sulfate proteoglycan
- ibd, inflammatory bowel disease
- map, mitogen-activated protein
- mers, middle east respiratory syndrome
- mrb, mineralocorticoid receptor blocker
- nos, nitric oxide synthase
- nsaid, non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug
- ras, renin-angiotensin system
- sars-cov, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- sh, spontaneously hypertensive
- s protein, spike protein
- sirt1, sirtuin 1
- t2dm, type 2 diabetes mellitus
- tcm, traditional chinese medicine
- tmprss2, transmembrane protease, serine 2
- tnf, tumor necrosis factor
- ufh, unfractionated heparin
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Oz
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait.
| | - Dietrich Ernst Lorke
- Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nadine Kabbani
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
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Legesse B, Kaur A, Kenchegowda D, Hritzo B, Culp WE, Moroni M. Neulasta Regimen for the Hematopoietic Acute Radiation Syndrome: Effects Beyond Neutrophil Recovery. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018; 103:935-944. [PMID: 30496878 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Understanding the physiopathology underlying the acute radiation syndrome (ARS) and the mechanism of action of drugs known to ameliorate ARS is expected to help identify novel countermeasure candidates and improve the outcome for victims exposed to radiation. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment of hematopoietic ARS (H-ARS) because of its ability to alleviate myelosuppression. Besides its role in hematopoiesis, G-CSF is known to protect the cardiovascular and neurologic systems, to attenuate vascular injury and cardiac toxicity, to preserve gap junction function, and to modulate inflammation and oxidative stress. Here, we characterized the protective effects of G-CSF beyond neutrophil recovery in minipigs exposed to H-ARS doses. METHODS AND MATERIALS Twenty male Göttingen minipigs were exposed to total body, acute ionizing radiation. Animals received either pegylated G-CSF (Neulasta) or dextrose at days 1 and 8 after irradiation. Survival was monitored over a 45-day period. RESULTS Neulasta decreased mortality compared with the control, reduced nadir and duration of neutropenia, and lowered prevalence of organ hemorrhage and frank bleeding episodes. Neulasta also increased plasma concentration of IGF-1 hormone, activated the cardiovascular protective IGF-1R/PI3K/Akt/eNOS/NO pathway, and enhanced membrane expression of VE-cadherin in the heart, improving vascular tone and barrier function. Expression of the acute phase protein CRP, a mediator of cardiovascular diseases and a negative regulator of the IGF-1 pathway, was also induced but at much lower extent compared with IGF-1. Activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) was only marginally affected, whereas activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase was downregulated. CONCLUSIONS In addition to a neutrophilic effect, amelioration of endothelial homeostasis and barrier function and reduction in NADPH oxidase contribute to the beneficial effects of Neulasta for the treatment of H-ARS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betre Legesse
- Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Amandeep Kaur
- Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Doreswamy Kenchegowda
- Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Bernadette Hritzo
- Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - William E Culp
- Biomedical Instrumentation Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Maria Moroni
- Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
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Zhang ZZ, Wang W, Jin HY, Chen X, Cheng YW, Xu YL, Song B, Penninger JM, Oudit GY, Zhong JC. Apelin Is a Negative Regulator of Angiotensin II-Mediated Adverse Myocardial Remodeling and Dysfunction. Hypertension 2017; 70:1165-1175. [PMID: 28974565 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.10156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The apelin pathway has emerged as a critical regulator of cardiovascular homeostasis and disease. However, the exact role of pyr1-apelin-13 in angiotensin (Ang) II-mediated heart disease remains unclear. We used apelin-deficient (APLN-/y) and apolipoprotein E knockout mice to evaluate the regulatory roles of pyr1-apelin-13. The 1-year aged APLN-/y mice developed myocardial hypertrophy and dysfunction with reduced angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 levels. Ang II infusion (1.5 mg kg-1 d-1) for 4 weeks potentiated oxidative stress, pathological hypertrophy, and myocardial fibrosis in young APLN-/y hearts resulting in exacerbation of cardiac dysfunction. Importantly, daily administration of 100 μg/kg pyr1-apelin-13 resulted in upregulated angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 levels, decreased superoxide production and expression of hypertrophy- and fibrosis-related genes leading to attenuated myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, and dysfunction in the Ang II-infused apolipoprotein E knockout mice. In addition, pyr1-apelin-13 treatment largely attenuated Ang II-induced apoptosis and ultrastructural injury in the apolipoprotein E knockout mice by activating Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation signaling. In cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and cardiofibroblasts, exposure of Ang II decreased angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protein and increased superoxide generation, cellular proliferation, and migration, which were rescued by pyr1-apelin-13, and Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase agonist stimulation. The increased superoxide generation and apoptosis in cultured cardiofibroblasts in response to Ang II were strikingly prevented by pyr1-apelin-13 which was partially reversed by cotreatment with the Akt inhibitor MK2206. In conclusion, pyr1-apelin-13 peptide pathway is a negative regulator of aging-mediated and Ang II-mediated adverse myocardial remodeling and dysfunction and represents a potential candidate to prevent and treat heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Zhou Zhang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension (Z.-Z.Z., Y.-W.C., Y.-L.X., B.S., J.-C.Z.) and Department of Mental Health (H.-Y.J.), Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China; Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (Z.-Z.Z., J.-C.Z.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (W.W., X.C., G.Y.O.) and Department of Physiology (W.W., X.C., G.Y.O.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; and Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (J.M.P.)
| | - Wang Wang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension (Z.-Z.Z., Y.-W.C., Y.-L.X., B.S., J.-C.Z.) and Department of Mental Health (H.-Y.J.), Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China; Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (Z.-Z.Z., J.-C.Z.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (W.W., X.C., G.Y.O.) and Department of Physiology (W.W., X.C., G.Y.O.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; and Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (J.M.P.)
| | - Hai-Yan Jin
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension (Z.-Z.Z., Y.-W.C., Y.-L.X., B.S., J.-C.Z.) and Department of Mental Health (H.-Y.J.), Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China; Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (Z.-Z.Z., J.-C.Z.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (W.W., X.C., G.Y.O.) and Department of Physiology (W.W., X.C., G.Y.O.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; and Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (J.M.P.)
| | - Xueyi Chen
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension (Z.-Z.Z., Y.-W.C., Y.-L.X., B.S., J.-C.Z.) and Department of Mental Health (H.-Y.J.), Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China; Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (Z.-Z.Z., J.-C.Z.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (W.W., X.C., G.Y.O.) and Department of Physiology (W.W., X.C., G.Y.O.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; and Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (J.M.P.)
| | - Yu-Wen Cheng
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension (Z.-Z.Z., Y.-W.C., Y.-L.X., B.S., J.-C.Z.) and Department of Mental Health (H.-Y.J.), Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China; Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (Z.-Z.Z., J.-C.Z.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (W.W., X.C., G.Y.O.) and Department of Physiology (W.W., X.C., G.Y.O.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; and Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (J.M.P.)
| | - Ying-Le Xu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension (Z.-Z.Z., Y.-W.C., Y.-L.X., B.S., J.-C.Z.) and Department of Mental Health (H.-Y.J.), Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China; Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (Z.-Z.Z., J.-C.Z.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (W.W., X.C., G.Y.O.) and Department of Physiology (W.W., X.C., G.Y.O.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; and Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (J.M.P.)
| | - Bei Song
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension (Z.-Z.Z., Y.-W.C., Y.-L.X., B.S., J.-C.Z.) and Department of Mental Health (H.-Y.J.), Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China; Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (Z.-Z.Z., J.-C.Z.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (W.W., X.C., G.Y.O.) and Department of Physiology (W.W., X.C., G.Y.O.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; and Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (J.M.P.)
| | - Josef M Penninger
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension (Z.-Z.Z., Y.-W.C., Y.-L.X., B.S., J.-C.Z.) and Department of Mental Health (H.-Y.J.), Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China; Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (Z.-Z.Z., J.-C.Z.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (W.W., X.C., G.Y.O.) and Department of Physiology (W.W., X.C., G.Y.O.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; and Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (J.M.P.)
| | - Gavin Y Oudit
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension (Z.-Z.Z., Y.-W.C., Y.-L.X., B.S., J.-C.Z.) and Department of Mental Health (H.-Y.J.), Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China; Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (Z.-Z.Z., J.-C.Z.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (W.W., X.C., G.Y.O.) and Department of Physiology (W.W., X.C., G.Y.O.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; and Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (J.M.P.).
| | - Jiu-Chang Zhong
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension (Z.-Z.Z., Y.-W.C., Y.-L.X., B.S., J.-C.Z.) and Department of Mental Health (H.-Y.J.), Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China; Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (Z.-Z.Z., J.-C.Z.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (W.W., X.C., G.Y.O.) and Department of Physiology (W.W., X.C., G.Y.O.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; and Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (J.M.P.).
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