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Li M, Xue Y, Chi L, Jin L. Heparin Oligosaccharides as Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Inhibitors via their Binding Process Characterization. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2024; 25:480-491. [PMID: 38284716 DOI: 10.2174/0113892037287189240122110819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been proven that vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) was involved in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer. Cardin et al. found that by an alanine scan, the heparin- binding site on VIP was exactly the same sequence in VIP and its receptor. Therefore, heparin could competitively block the binding of VIP and its receptor. However, the structure-activity relationship between heparin and VIP has not been reported, especially in terms of the sequence and sulfation patterns of heparin oligosaccharides upon binding to VIP. OBJECTIVE A variety of experiments were designed to study the binding process and structure-activity relationship between heparin oligosaccharides and VIP. METHODS Heparin was enzymatically digested and purified to produce heparin oligosaccharides, and the structures were characterized by NMR. The binding capacity between heparin oligosaccharides and VIP was analyzed by GMSA and ITC experiments. The binding between heparin oligosaccharides and VIP was simulated using a molecular docking program to show the complex. ELISA assay was used to investigate the effect of non-anticoagulant heparin oligosaccharides on the VIP-mediated cAMP/PKA signaling pathway in vitro. RESULTS The results indicated that both the length and the sulfation pattern of heparin oligosaccharides affected its binding to VIP. VIP could induce the expression of cAMP at a higher level in PC3 cells, which could be regulated by the interaction of heparin oligosaccharides and VIP. CONCLUSION The binding between heparin oligosaccharides and VIP could block the binding between VIP and its receptor on tumor cells. Downloading the regulation of the expression level of cAMP could possibly further affect the subsequent activation of PKA. These non-anticoagulant heparin oligosaccharides may block the VIP-mediated cAMP/PKA signaling pathway and thus exert their antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixin Li
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate- based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Yaqi Xue
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate- based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Lianli Chi
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate- based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Lan Jin
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate- based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
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Li Y, Mo N, Yang D, Lin Q, Huang W, Wang R. Predictive value of DNA methylation in the efficacy of chemotherapy for gastric cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1238310. [PMID: 37771430 PMCID: PMC10523571 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1238310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death. Drug resistance in chemotherapy often occurs in patients with GC, leading to tumor recurrence and poor survival. DNA methylation is closely related to the development of cancer. Methods To investigate the role of DNA methylation in chemotherapy resistance in GC patients, we conducted a comprehensive analysis using DNA methylation data and survival information obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Univariate Cox analysis was performed to screen for differential DNA methylation of chemotherapy response in patients who did and did not receive chemotherapy. Multivariate Cox analysis was then performed to identify the independent prognostic genes. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses were used to explore the biological function of the signature genes. Results Patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy for GC survived longer. 308 differentially methylated genes were demonstrated to be associated with prognosis. Six genes were optimally chosed for establisehing the risk model, including C6orf222, CCNL1, CREBZF, GCKR, TFCP2, and VIPR2. It was constructed based on the DNA methylation levels of these six genes: risk score = 0.47123374*C6orf222 + 9.53554803*CCNL1 + 10.40234138* CREBZF + 0.07611856* GCKR + 18.87661557*TFCP2 - 0.46396254* VIPR2. According to the risk score, patients receiving chemotherapy were divided into high- and low-risk groups, and the prognosis of the two groups was compared. The high-risk group had a shorter survival; however, this association was not present in patients without chemotherapy. The accuracy and predictive efficacy of the risk score in predicting the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival of patients was evaluated with the receiver operating characteristic curve. In patients receiving chemotherapy, the area under the curve of the risk score for 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival was 0.841, 0.72, and 0.734, respectively. In patients who did not receive chemotherapy, the area under the curve was 0.406, 0.585, and 0.585, respectively. A nomogram model was constructed based on the risk score and clinical indicators. The model showed good consistency in the predicted probabilities and actual probabilities. Gene Ontology functional enrichment of these candidate methylated genes showed the following molecular functions: RNA binding, protein binding, mRNA binding, and nucleic acid binding; that they were mediated mainly through the following cell components: nuclear speck, nucleoplasm, nucleus, catalytic step 2 spliceosome, and the transcription factor AP-1 complex; and that they were involved in the following biological processes: mRNA processing, mRNA splicing, and RNA polymerase II promoter transcription. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment results revealed that the signaling pathways mainly enriched were transcriptional misregulation in cancer, spliceosome, and the IL-17 signaling pathway. Conclusion Our work identifies a six DNA methylated expression signature as a promising biomarker of chemo-resistance in GC, which provides new insights into the development of new strategies to overcome chemo-resistance in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ning Mo
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - QiuLu Lin
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - WenFeng Huang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Rensheng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Costa PAC, Silva WN, Prazeres PHDM, Picoli CC, Guardia GDA, Costa AC, Oliveira MA, Guimarães PPG, Gonçalves R, Pinto MCX, Amorim JH, Azevedo VAC, Resende RR, Russo RC, Cunha TM, Galante PAF, Mintz A, Birbrair A. Chemogenetic modulation of sensory neurons reveals their regulating role in melanoma progression. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2021; 9:183. [PMID: 34784974 PMCID: PMC8594104 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-021-01273-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensory neurons have recently emerged as components of the tumor microenvironment. Nevertheless, whether sensory neuronal activity is important for tumor progression remains unknown. Here we used Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by a Designer Drug (DREADD) technology to inhibit or activate sensory neurons' firing within the melanoma tumor. Melanoma growth and angiogenesis were accelerated following inhibition of sensory neurons' activity and were reduced following overstimulation of these neurons. Sensory neuron-specific overactivation also induced a boost in the immune surveillance by increasing tumor-infiltrating anti-tumor lymphocytes, while reducing immune-suppressor cells. In humans, a retrospective in silico analysis of melanoma biopsies revealed that increased expression of sensory neurons-related genes within melanoma was associated with improved survival. These findings suggest that sensory innervations regulate melanoma progression, indicating that manipulation of sensory neurons' activity may provide a valuable tool to improve melanoma patients' outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro A C Costa
- Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Walison N Silva
- Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Pedro H D M Prazeres
- Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Caroline C Picoli
- Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | | | - Alinne C Costa
- Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Mariana A Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Pedro P G Guimarães
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Ricardo Gonçalves
- Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Mauro C X Pinto
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - Jaime H Amorim
- Centro das Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia, Barreiras, BA, Brasil
| | - Vasco A C Azevedo
- Departamento de Genetica, Ecologia e Evolucao, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Rodrigo R Resende
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Remo C Russo
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Thiago M Cunha
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Pedro A F Galante
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital Sirio-Libanes, Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Akiva Mintz
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Birbrair
- Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Moody TW, Nuche-Berenguer B, Jensen RT. Vasoactive intestinal peptide/pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide, and their receptors and cancer. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2016; 23:38-47. [PMID: 26702849 PMCID: PMC4844466 DOI: 10.1097/med.0000000000000218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarize the roles of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)/pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) and their receptors (VPAC1, VPAC2, PAC1) in human tumors as well as their role in potential novel treatments. RECENT FINDINGS Considerable progress has been made in understanding of the effects of VIP/PACAP on growth of various tumors as well as in the signaling cascades involved, especially in the role of transactivation of the epidermal growth factor family. The overexpression of VPAC1/2 and PAC1 on a number of common neoplasms (breast, lung, prostate, central nervous system and neuroblastoma) is receiving increased attention both as a means of tumor imaging the location and extent of these tumors, as well as for targeted directed treatment, by coupling cytotoxic agents to VIP/PACAP analogues. SUMMARY VIP/PACAP has prominent growth effects on a number of common neoplasms, which frequently overexpressed the three subtypes of their receptors. The increased understanding of their signaling cascades, effect on tumor growth/differentiation and the use of the overexpression of these receptors for localization/targeted cytotoxic delivery are all suggesting possible novel tumor treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry W Moody
- aDepartment of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Office of the Director bNational Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Disease, Digestive Diseases Branch, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Zhou XJ, Wu FL, Jiang LL, Huang LF, Li GH. Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Promotes Immune Escape of MKN45 Cells by Inhibiting Antigen-Presenting Molecules of Dendritic Cells In Vitro. Int J Pept Res Ther 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-016-9513-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on NKG2D signal pathway and its contribution to immune escape of MKN45 cells. ScientificWorldJournal 2013; 2013:429545. [PMID: 24228003 PMCID: PMC3817657 DOI: 10.1155/2013/429545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective. To investigate VIP effect on the cytotoxicity of NK cell to gastric cancer cells in vitro and the relation between the effect with the NKG2D signal molecules in NK cells. Material and Methods. NK cells were purified from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Before and after NK cells were incubated with VIP or its antagonist (D-p-Cl-Phe6,Leu17)-VIP, we detected the cytotoxicity of NK cells to MKN45 gastric cancer cells by MTT and detected the expressions of NKG2D, DAP10, and NF-κB proteins and mRNAs in NK cells by immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR in those conditions. Then we analyzed the effect of VIP and its antagonist on the cytotocicity of NK cell to gastric cancer cells and on expressions of NKG2D, DAP10, and NF-κB signal molecules in NK cells. Results. VIP could inhibit the cytotoxicity of NK cells to MKN45 cells and could inhibit the expressions of NKG2D, DAP10, and NF-κB in NK cells. However, (D-p-Cl-Phe6, Leu17)-VIP could reverse those effects. Conclusions. The VIP inhibited the cytotoxicity of NK cell to MKN45 cells which might get through inhibiting the expressions of NKG2D signal molecules in NK cells. This may be one mechanism of gastric cancer cells escaping organism immune clearance.
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