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Gui F, Yu X, Wu Y, Wu C, Zhang Y. Mechanism of LncHOTAIR Regulating Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Autophagy of Lymphoma Cells through hsa-miR-6511b-5p/ATG7 Axis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:2166605. [PMID: 36248425 PMCID: PMC9560808 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2166605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective To explore the role of LncHOTAIR in apoptosis and autophagy in lymphoma. Methods The interaction between LncHOTAIR and miR-6511b-5p, as well as between miR-6511b-5p and ATG7, was verified by a dual luciferase assay. LncHOTAIR overexpression lentivirus was transducted and siATG7s were transfected into Raji and BJAB lymphoma cells, and the efficiency was verified by qPCR. Lymphocyte proliferation was detected by the cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) test, and autophagy was detected by transmission electron microscopy. The protein expressions of ULK1, Beclin1, ATG7, LC3, Bax, cleaved-caspase 3, and Bcl-2 were detected using Western blots. Results There was a targeting relationship between LncHOTAIR and miR-6511b-5p and between miR-6511b-5p and ATG7. LncHOTAIR overexpression promoted the proliferation and autophagy of Raji and BJAB cells, significantly upregulated ATG7, Beclin1, ULK1, Bcl-2, and LC3-II/LC3-I levels, and downregulated Bax and cleaved-caspase3 levels. siATG7 significantly inhibited the proliferation and autophagy of Raji and BJAB cells and promoted their apoptosis. Conclusion LncHOTAIR/hsa-miR-6511b-5p/ATG7 could regulate the proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy of Raji and BJAB lymphoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Gui
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Xinyi Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Yemeng Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Yulan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
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Mild Hypothermia Therapy Lowers the Inflammatory Level and Apoptosis Rate of Myocardial Cells of Rats with Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via the NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6415275. [PMID: 34422094 PMCID: PMC8371626 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6415275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective To explore the protective effects and mechanism of mild hypothermia treatment in the treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Material and Methods. A total of 20 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were assigned to 4 groups: the blank control group, sham operation group, ischemia reperfusion group, and mild hypothermia therapy group (each n = 5). Some indexes were detected. In addition, myocardial cell models of oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation injury (OGD) were established. The expression of mRNA IL-6 and TNF-α and the key enzyme levels of apoptosis (cleaved-Caspase-3) and the NLRP3 inflammasome/p53 signaling pathway in the models were determined. Results The expression of serum IL-6 and TNF-α in the mild hypothermia therapy group was significantly lower than that in the ischemia reperfusion group. The mild hypothermia therapy group also showed a significantly lower TUNEL cell count and NLRP3 and p53 phosphorylation levels than the ischemia reperfusion group (all p < 0.05). The in vitro mild hypothermia + OGD group also showed significantly lower mRNA expression of IL-6 and TNF-α and levels of cleaved Caspase-3, NLRP3, and phosphorylated p53 protein than the OGD group (all p < 0.05). Conclusion In conclusion, mild hypothermia therapy can inhibit the apoptosis and myocardial inflammation of cells induced by MI/R injury in rats and inhibiting the activity of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and p53 signaling pathway may be the mechanism.
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Fang Y, Duan C, Chen S, Liu Z, Jiang B, Ai W, Wang L, Xie P, Fang H. Tanshinone‑IIA inhibits myocardial infarct via decreasing of the mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathway in myocardiocytes. Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:158. [PMID: 34212981 PMCID: PMC8262657 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia triggers an inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress that increases apoptosis of myocardiocytes. It has been evidenced that tanshinone‑IIA (Tan‑IIA) protects against heart failure post‑myocardial infarction via inhibition of the apoptotic pathway. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of Tan‑IIA in a rat model of myocardial ischemia, and explore the possible mechanism of Tan‑IIA in myocardiocytes. The rat model of myocardial ischemia was established by left anterior descending coronary artery and rats received treatment with either Tan‑IIA (10 mg/kg) or PBS for 20 days continuously. The cardiac function in the experimental rat model was detected using the Sequoia 512 echocardiography system on day 21. The cell viability of myocardiocytes was assessed by CCK‑8 assay. Apoptosis of myocardiocytes and myocardial tissue was evaluated by TUNEL assay. The infarct size of the myocardial ischemia rat was determined through 2,3,5‑triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) and Evan blue double staining assay. The expression levels of apoptotic factors were assessed by immunohistochemistry, western blotting and immunofluorescence. The results demonstrated that Tan‑IIA reduced myocardial infarct size and improved the myocardial function in myocardial ischemia rats. Compared with PBS, Tan‑IIA treatment decreased myocardial tissue apoptosis and the expression levels of caspase‑3, Cyto c and Apaf‑1 in myocardial tissue. Tan‑IIA increased the viability of impaired myocardiocytes, inhibited apoptosis of impaired myocardiocytes and increased Bcl‑2 and Bak expression in myocardiocytes. In addition, Tan‑IIA increased Bim and CHOP, decreased TBARS, ROS and H2O2 production, decreased ATF4 and IRE1α expression, and reduced intracellular calcium and oxidative stress in myocardiocytes. Furthermore, caspase‑3 overexpression blocked Tan‑IIA‑decreased apoptosis of myocardiocytes. In conclusion, the data in the present study indicated that Tan‑IIA improved myocardial infarct and apoptosis via the endoplasmic reticulum stress‑dependent pathway and mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeqing Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
- Shenzhen Nanshan Medical Group Headquarters, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518052, P.R. China
| | - Chengcheng Duan
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Shaoyuan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 51027, USA
| | - Bimei Jiang
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 51027, USA
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Wen Ai
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Peiyi Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Hongcheng Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
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Liu Z, Yan C, Xiao Y, Zhang W, Wang L, Li Q, Cai W. Expression and inhibitory effects of p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis in gallbladder carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:234. [PMID: 33613723 PMCID: PMC7856684 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) has been reported to be involved in various types of cancer. However, its potential biological role in gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) has not been fully elucidated. The present study aimed to determine the expression levels of PUMA and its biological effects on GBC. The mRNA and protein expression levels of PUMA in GBC tissues and cell lines were measured using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting, respectively. The effects of PUMA overexpression on cell viability, proliferation and invasive ability were determined in vitro using the MTT, colony formation and Transwell invasion assays, respectively. The apoptotic rates were detected using the Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit. Furthermore, follow-up of patients with GBC was performed to identify the association between PUMA expression levels and GBC prognosis. The results of the present study demonstrated that the expression levels of PUMA were significantly lower in the GBC tissues and cell lines compared with those in adjacent normal gallbladder tissues and normal gallbladder cells, respectively. Further experiments indicated that overexpression of PUMA inhibited the viability, proliferation and invasive ability of GBC cells compared with those in the control-transfected GBC cells. In addition, overexpression of PUMA significantly promoted apoptosis in GBC cells. Furthermore, overexpression of PUMA inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and promoted Bax upregulation and Bcl-2 downregulation compared with those in the control group. Low PUMA expression levels were associated with a short overall survival time in patients with GBC. In conclusions, PUMA may act as a tumor suppressor in GBC and may serve as a potential novel treatment target for human GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhide Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Yan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Yangyan Xiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Weichang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Qinglong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Wenwu Cai
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
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Zhang L, Ji H, Huang Y, Hu H, Li B, Yang Y, Yu H, Chen X, Li W, Liu F, Wang S, Wang C, Chen K, Bao Y, Liu H, Duan S. Association of BAX hypermethylation with coronary heart disease is specific to individuals aged over 70. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14130. [PMID: 30681575 PMCID: PMC6358363 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As a member of B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) gene family, BCL-2 associated X (BAX) is important for cell apoptosis. In this work, we investigated the association of BAX promoter DNA methylation with coronary heart disease (CHD) in Han Chinese. METHODS A SYBR green-based quantitative methylation specific PCR (qMSP) was used to test BAX methylation levels in 959 CHD cases and 514 controls. RESULTS Although BAX methylation was not associated with CHD in the total samples, further breakdown analysis by age showed that BAX hypermethylation was significantly associated with CHD for individuals aged over 70 (median percentage of methylation ratio [PMR], 10.70% in cases versus (vs) 2.25% in controls, P =.046). Moreover, BAX methylation was associated with smoking and lipoprotein A (Lp(a)) for individuals aged over 70 (CHD: smoking P = .012, Lp(a) P = .001; non-CHD: smoking P = .051, Lp(a) P = .004). Further analysis of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data showed BAX expression was upregulated by 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine demethylation agent (fold = 1.66, P = .038) and inversely correlated with BAX methylation (r = -0.428, P = 8E-05). CONCLUSIONS Our study supported that BAX hypermethylation might contribute to CHD risk via downregulation of BAX expression for individuals aged over 70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Yinzhou People's Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo
| | - Huihui Ji
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo
| | - Yi Huang
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo
| | - Haochang Hu
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo
| | - Bin Li
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo
| | - Yong Yang
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo
| | - Hang Yu
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo
| | - Wenxia Li
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo
| | - Fang Liu
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo
| | - Shi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Yinzhou People's Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo
| | - Chunming Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Yinzhou People's Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Yinzhou People's Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo
| | - Yingchun Bao
- Department of Cardiology, Yinzhou People's Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo
| | - Haibo Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiwei Duan
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo
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Liu D. Effects of procyanidin on cardiomyocyte apoptosis after myocardial ischemia reperfusion in rats. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2018; 18:35. [PMID: 29439657 PMCID: PMC5812030 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-018-0772-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study is aimed at investigating the effects of procyanidin on cardiomyocyte apoptosis of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into four groups: control group (normal saline), ischemic group (normal saline), procyanidin low-dose group (procyanidin 50 mg/kg/day) and procyanidin high-dose group (procyanidin 100 mg/kg/day) by intragastric administration for 2 weeks. After last administration, myocardial I/R model was induced by ligating left anterior descending artery for 30 min followed by 120 min of perfusion. The activity of serum creatine kinase mb isoenzyme (CK-MB) was detected after experiment. The content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined by ROS fluorescent probe dihydroethidium; the expressions of p53, Caspase-9, Caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax were determined by western blotting; myocardial apoptosis was measured by the method of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling. RESULTS Compared with control group, the contents of serum CK-MB, ROS, the expressions of p53, Caspase-9, Caspase-3 and Bax increased significantly in ischemic group, the Bcl-2 expression, Bcl-2/Bax ratio decreased and the cardiomyocyte apoptosis index increased (p < 0.05); compared with ischemic group, the content of CK-MB, ROS, the expressions of p53, Caspase-9, Caspase-3 and Bax decreased, the Bcl-2 expression, Bcl-2/Bax ratio increased and the cardiomyocyte apoptosis index decreased in procyanidin group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Procyanidin can reduce cardiomyocyte apoptosis after I/R. This beneficial effect is partially dependant on decreased ROS, p53, Caspase-9, Caspase-3 and Bax, as well as increased Bcl-2 and Bcl-2/Bax ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Renmin Street, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, 121000, China.
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Shi L, Song R, Yao X, Ren Y. Effects of selenium on the proliferation, apoptosis and testosterone production of sheep Leydig cells in vitro. Theriogenology 2017; 93:24-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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ZHOU SHOUBING, ZHENG SHIYA, SHAN YONGFENG, LI LULU, ZHANG XIU, WANG CAILIAN. Rituximab-conjugated and doxorubicin-loaded microbubbles combined with ultrasound irradiation inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in Raji cell lines. Oncol Rep 2015; 35:801-8. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Effects and mechanisms of chinese herbal medicine in ameliorating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:925625. [PMID: 24288571 PMCID: PMC3833114 DOI: 10.1155/2013/925625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MIR) injury is a major contributor to the morbidity and mortality associated with coronary artery disease, which accounts for approximately 450,000 deaths a year in the United States alone. Chinese herbal medicine, especially combined herbal formulations, has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of myocardial infarction for hundreds of years. While the efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine is well documented, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In this review, we highlight recent studies which are focused on elucidating the cellular and molecular mechanisms using extracted compounds, single herbs, or herbal formulations in experimental settings. These studies represent recent efforts to bridge the gap between the enigma of ancient Chinese herbal medicine and the concepts of modern cell and molecular biology in the treatment of myocardial infarction.
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Sustained static stress-induced chondrocyte apoptosis in the rat cervical vertebral growth plate and its signal transduction mechanisms. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY AND TRAUMATOLOGY 2013; 24:299-304. [PMID: 27439006 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-013-1297-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis of the vertebral growth plate chondrocytes plays an important role in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disk degeneration. In this paper, we have successfully established an experimental model induced by static stress and provided a useful method to study the mechanisms of chondrocyte apoptosis. A sustained static load of ≥0.2 MPa over at least 12 h was observed to induce chondrocyte apoptosis, up-regulation of bax and caspase-3 expression, and down-regulation of bcl-2 expression.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Mild therapeutic hypothermia (MTH) is used after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) to minimize cerebral damage. Induced hypothermia may further interfere with cardiac function and influence haemodynamics after OHCA. METHODS This was a prospective study of haemodynamic variables in 50 consecutive patients with OHCA treated with MTH. Patients were cooled to a core body temperature of 32.5 degrees C for 24 h. Induction and maintenance of cooling was accomplished via infusion of 2 l of cold isotonic saline (4 degrees C) and a cooling blanket. Rewarming was performed to 36 degrees C at a rate of 0.3 degrees C per hour. Haemodynamic data were analysed and compared in individual patients during different temperature phases. RESULTS Heart rate dropped from a mean of 85 to 60 beats per min (P=0.001) during hypothermia. Mean arterial pressure dropped from 79 to 72 mmHg, despite a rise in vasopressors and inotropes. Lactate levels were elevated throughout the induction (mean+/-SD) and maintenance phase (mean+/-SD); however, this did not correlate with a decrease in SVO2. Pulmonary artery pressures decreased during induction of hypothermia despite rapid infusion. CONCLUSION MTH after OHCA lowered the heart rate. Despite induction of hypothermia with cold fluids, filling pressures decreased. Lower mean arterial pressure and cardiac output were observed during MTH, without deleterious effect on ScVO2. Lactate levels were elevated during MTH; however, levels did not correlate with outcome. Although the need for vasopressors and inotropes increases, this hypothermia-induced metabolic beta-blocker-like effect seems to have no negative effect on oxygen consumption and only temporarily affects anaerobic metabolism. No association of haemodynamic changes during MTH with outcome was found.
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Ozturk T, Gok S, Nese N. Levosimendan Attenuates Reperfusion Injury in an Isolated Perfused Rat Heart Model. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2010; 24:624-8. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2009.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2009] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Chambers DJ. Myocardial Infarction Comes Into the Cold! Ann Thorac Surg 2009; 87:8-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2008.10.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2008] [Revised: 10/21/2008] [Accepted: 10/23/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Pagel PS. Postconditioning by volatile anesthetics: salvaging ischemic myocardium at reperfusion by activation of prosurvival signaling. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2008; 22:753-65. [PMID: 18922439 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2008.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2007] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul S Pagel
- Anesthesia Service, Clement J Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI 53295, USA.
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Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to ascertain the percentage of apoptotic myocytes in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery. Apoptotic index (AI) obtained with in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-labeled dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method and Bak protein expression were compared. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty consecutive patients who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery, myocardial samples from the right atrium were taken in three stages: before cannulation (the first sample group), after declamping (the second sample group), and 20 minutes after reperfusion (the third sample group). The percentage of apoptotic cells was determined by TUNEL method. Expression of Bak protein was immunohistochemically analyzed. Intermittent ischemia and moderate hypothermia were used as methods of myocardial management during surgery. A statistical analysis was performed by using the Friedman ANOVA analysis of variances, the Kendall coefficient of concordance and the Wilcoxon matched pair test. RESULTS In the first sample group mean value of Bak expression was 2.61 +/- 2.18, compared with AI 5.38 +/- 3.58, after declamping (the second sample group) the mean value of Bak expression was 4.31 +/- 2.68 while AI was 7.63 +/- 4.38 and after 20 minutes of reperfusion in the third sample group mean value of Bak expression was 8.89 +/- 4.45, while AI was 15.6 +/- 8.45. When compared by using Wilcoxon matched pair test two methods significantly correlated, p > 0.0001. CONCLUSION The positive correlation between AI obtained by TUNEL method and expression of Bak protein may suggest that apoptosis is activated mainly through mitochondrial activation pathway in ischemic reperfusion injury. The results suggest that ischemic reperfusion injury increases the AI in the right atrial tissue. If so, immunohistochemical expression of Bak protein could be used as a marker of myocardial ischemia induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miljenko Kovacević
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.
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Wang C, Neff DA, Krolikowski JG, Weihrauch D, Bienengraeber M, Warltier DC, Kersten JR, Pagel PS. The Influence of B-Cell Lymphoma 2 Protein, an Antiapoptotic Regulator of Mitochondrial Permeability Transition, on Isoflurane-Induced and Ischemic Postconditioning in Rabbits. Anesth Analg 2006; 102:1355-60. [PMID: 16632808 DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000202463.28618.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Brief exposure to isoflurane or repetitive, transient ischemia during early reperfusion after prolonged coronary artery occlusion protects against myocardial infarction by inhibiting the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). Inhibition of mPTP during delayed ischemic preconditioning occurred concomitant with enhanced expression of the antiapoptotic protein B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2). We tested the hypothesis that Bcl-2 mediates myocardial protection by isoflurane or brief ischemic episodes during reperfusion in rabbits (n = 91) subjected to a 30-min left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion followed by 3 h reperfusion. Rabbits received 0.9% saline, isoflurane (0.5 or 1.0 minimum alveolar concentration, MAC) administered for 3 min before and 2 min after reperfusion, 3 cycles of postconditioning ischemia (10 or 20 s each) during early reperfusion, 0.5 MAC isoflurane plus 3 cycles of postconditioning ischemia (10 s), or the direct mPTP inhibitor cyclosporin A (CsA, 10 mg/kg) in the presence or absence of the selective Bcl-2 inhibitor HA14-1 (2 mg/kg, i.p.). Isoflurane (1.0, but not 0.5, MAC) and postconditioning ischemia (20 s but not 10 s) significantly (P < 0.05) reduced infarct size (mean +/- sd, 21% +/- 4%, 43% +/- 7%, 19% +/- 7%, and 39% +/- 11%, respectively, of left ventricular area at risk) as compared with control (44% +/- 4%). Isoflurane (0.5 MAC) plus 10 s postconditioning ischemia and CsA alone also exerted protection. HA14-1 alone did not affect infarct size nor block protection produced by CsA but abolished reductions in infarct size caused by 1.0 MAC isoflurane, 20 s postconditioning ischemia, and 0.5 MAC isoflurane plus 10 s postconditioning ischemia. The results suggest that Bcl-2 mediates isoflurane-induced and ischemic postconditioning by indirectly modulating mPTP activity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
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