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Zhang H, Cai J, Zhang R, Shuai S, Tang M, Ju R, Hu Y, Zuo T, Yang Y. The role of serum lipid in predicting coronary artery lesions and intravenous immunoglobulin resistance in Kawasaki disease: a cohort study. J Int Med Res 2024; 52:3000605241252115. [PMID: 38713460 PMCID: PMC11080733 DOI: 10.1177/03000605241252115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the predictive value of the serum lipid profile for initial intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance and coronary artery lesions (CALs) in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD). METHODS This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients with KD and divided them into IVIG-responsive and IVIG-resistant groups. They were also stratified based on the presence of CALs (CALs and non-CALs groups). Clinical, echocardiographic and biochemical values were evaluated. A subgroup analysis was performed on complete and incomplete KD. Predictors of initial IVIG resistance and CALs were determined by multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 649 KD patients were enrolled: 151 had CALs and 76 had initial IVIG resistance. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was significantly lower in the IVIG-resistant group than in the IVIG-responsive group. LDL-C and apolipoprotein (Apo) B were significantly lower in the CALs group compared with the non-CALs group. Multivariate logistic regression failed to identify the serum lipid profile (LDL-C, Apo A or Apo B) as an independent risk factor for initial IVIG resistance or CALs in KD patients. CONCLUSION KD patients might have dyslipidaemia in the acute phase, but the serum lipid profile might not be suitable as a single predictor for initial IVIG resistance or CALs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jianghui Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shuping Shuai
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Mi Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- Office of Good Clinical Practice, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Rong Ju
- Department of Paediatrics, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tianrui Zuo
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yanfeng Yang
- Department of Paediatrics, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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Kawasaki disease coronary artery lesions prediction with monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio. Pediatr Res 2022:10.1038/s41390-022-02401-4. [PMID: 36446921 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02401-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of the monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) in Kawasaki disease (KD) complicated with coronary artery lesions (CALs) and to construct a nomogram prediction model. METHODS The medical records of KD inpatients diagnosed in the Department of Pediatrics of Lanzhou University Second Hospital from May 2015 to September 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. ROC curves were applied to evaluate the predictive value of MHR in KD complicated with CALs, and logistic regression analysis was used to screen independent risk factors. We constructed a nomogram model and performed internal validation. RESULTS A total of 568 KD patients were enrolled in the study. MHR was significantly higher in KD patients complicated with CALs and was identified as an independent risk factor for CALs (OR: 1.604, 95% CI: 1.292-1.990). The area under the ROC curve for MHR in predicting CALs was 0.661. The C-index of the nomogram model constructed by incorporating MHR was 0.725 (95% CI: 0.682-0.768), and the calibration curve revealed good agreement between the predicted and actual probabilities. CONCLUSIONS MHR may not be suitable as a single biomarker to predict the occurrence of CALs, but the nomogram model constructed in combination with other independent risk factors had acceptable predictive performance. IMPACT The inflammatory response plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease. The monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio is a novel systemic inflammation marker. The monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio is an independent risk factor for Kawasaki disease complicated with coronary artery lesions. The nomogram established by incorporating the monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio has satisfactory predictive performance for coronary artery lesion formation.
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Shao S, Zhou K, Liu X, Liu L, Wu M, Deng Y, Duan H, Li Y, Hua Y, Wang C. Predictive Value of Serum Lipid for Intravenous Immunoglobulin Resistance and Coronary Artery Lesion in Kawasaki Disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e4210-e4220. [PMID: 33837779 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance and coronary artery lesions (CALs) prediction are pivotal topic of interests in Kawasaki disease (KD). However, data on the predictive value of lipid profile for both IVIG resistance and CALs are limited. PURPOSE To investigate the predictive validity of lipid profile for IVIG resistance and CALs in KD. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING West China Second University Hospital. PATIENTS 363 KD patients were divided into the initial IVIG-resistant group and initial IVIG-responsive group; repeated IVIG-resistant group and repeated IVIG-responsive group; CAL+ group and CAL- group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Validity of lipid profile in predicting IVIG resistance and CALs. RESULTS Triglycerides were significantly higher whereas total cholesterol (TC), high-densisty lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and apolipoprotein A (Apo A) were significantly lower in initial IVIG-resistant subjects, with cut-off values of 1.625 mmol/L, 3.255 mmol/L, 0.475 mmol/L, 1.965 mmol/L, and 0.665 g/L, yielding sensitivities of 52%, 70%, 52%, 61%, and 50% and specificities of 68%, 53%, 78%, 71%, and 81%, respectively. TC, LDL-C, and Apo A levels were significantly lower in repeated IVIG-resistant subjects, with cut-off values of 3.20 mmol/L, 1.78 mmol/L, and 0.605 g/L, producing sensitivities of 91%, 70%, and 57% and specificities of 55%, 67%, and 70%, respectively. Apo A level was significantly lower in the CAL+ group, with cut-off value of 0.805 g/L, yielding sensitivity of 66% and specificity of 54%. CONCLUSIONS Lipid profiles were significantly dysregulated in KD patients suffering IVIG resistance and CALs. Some of them, such as LDL-C and Apo A, could serve as complementary laboratory markers for predicting both IVIG resistance and CALs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuran Shao
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China Medical School of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kaiyu Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- The Cardiac development and early intervention unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Development and Diseases of Women and Children of Sichuan Province, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoliang Liu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- The Cardiac development and early intervention unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China Medical School of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mei Wu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- The Cardiac development and early intervention unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuxin Deng
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongyu Duan
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- The Cardiac development and early intervention unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Development and Diseases of Women and Children of Sichuan Province, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yifei Li
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- The Cardiac development and early intervention unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Development and Diseases of Women and Children of Sichuan Province, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yimin Hua
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- The Cardiac development and early intervention unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Development and Diseases of Women and Children of Sichuan Province, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- The Cardiac development and early intervention unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Development and Diseases of Women and Children of Sichuan Province, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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McCrindle BW, Rowley AH, Newburger JW, Burns JC, Bolger AF, Gewitz M, Baker AL, Jackson MA, Takahashi M, Shah PB, Kobayashi T, Wu MH, Saji TT, Pahl E. Diagnosis, Treatment, and Long-Term Management of Kawasaki Disease: A Scientific Statement for Health Professionals From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2017; 135:e927-e999. [PMID: 28356445 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2087] [Impact Index Per Article: 298.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kawasaki disease is an acute vasculitis of childhood that leads to coronary artery aneurysms in ≈25% of untreated cases. It has been reported worldwide and is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in developed countries. METHODS AND RESULTS To revise the previous American Heart Association guidelines, a multidisciplinary writing group of experts was convened to review and appraise available evidence and practice-based opinion, as well as to provide updated recommendations for diagnosis, treatment of the acute illness, and long-term management. Although the cause remains unknown, discussion sections highlight new insights into the epidemiology, genetics, pathogenesis, pathology, natural history, and long-term outcomes. Prompt diagnosis is essential, and an updated algorithm defines supplemental information to be used to assist the diagnosis when classic clinical criteria are incomplete. Although intravenous immune globulin is the mainstay of initial treatment, the role for additional primary therapy in selected patients is discussed. Approximately 10% to 20% of patients do not respond to initial intravenous immune globulin, and recommendations for additional therapies are provided. Careful initial management of evolving coronary artery abnormalities is essential, necessitating an increased frequency of assessments and escalation of thromboprophylaxis. Risk stratification for long-term management is based primarily on maximal coronary artery luminal dimensions, normalized as Z scores, and is calibrated to both past and current involvement. Patients with aneurysms require life-long and uninterrupted cardiology follow-up. CONCLUSIONS These recommendations provide updated and best evidence-based guidance to healthcare providers who diagnose and manage Kawasaki disease, but clinical decision making should be individualized to specific patient circumstances.
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Fukui S, Ichinose K, Tsuji S, Umeda M, Nishino A, Nakashima Y, Suzuki T, Horai Y, Koga T, Kawashiri SY, Iwamoto N, Hirai Y, Tamai M, Nakamura H, Sato S, Aramaki T, Iwanaga N, Izumi Y, Origuchi T, Migita K, Ueki Y, Kawakami A. Hypocholesterolemia predicts relapses in patients with Takayasu arteritis. Mod Rheumatol 2015; 26:415-420. [DOI: 10.3109/14397595.2015.1083148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shoichi Fukui
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan,
| | - Kunihiro Ichinose
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan,
| | - Sosuke Tsuji
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan,
| | - Masataka Umeda
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan,
| | - Ayako Nishino
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan,
| | - Yoshikazu Nakashima
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan,
| | - Takahisa Suzuki
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan,
| | - Yoshiro Horai
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan,
| | - Tomohiro Koga
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan,
| | - Shin-ya Kawashiri
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan,
- Department of Public Health, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan,
| | - Naoki Iwamoto
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan,
| | - Yasuko Hirai
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan,
| | - Mami Tamai
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan,
| | - Hideki Nakamura
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan,
| | - Shuntaro Sato
- Nagasaki University Hospital Clinical Research Center, Nagasaki, Japan,
| | - Toshiyuki Aramaki
- Rheumatic and Collagen Disease Center, Sasebo Chuo Hospital, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan,
| | - Nozomi Iwanaga
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Clinical Research Center, NHO Nagasaki Medical Center, Omura, Nagasaki, Japan, and
| | - Yasumori Izumi
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Clinical Research Center, NHO Nagasaki Medical Center, Omura, Nagasaki, Japan, and
| | - Tomoki Origuchi
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan,
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Migita
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Clinical Research Center, NHO Nagasaki Medical Center, Omura, Nagasaki, Japan, and
| | - Yukitaka Ueki
- Rheumatic and Collagen Disease Center, Sasebo Chuo Hospital, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan,
| | - Atsushi Kawakami
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan,
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Huang MY, Gupta-Malhotra M, Huang JJ, Syu FK, Huang TY. Acute-phase reactants and a supplemental diagnostic aid for Kawasaki disease. Pediatr Cardiol 2010; 31:1209-13. [PMID: 20957478 PMCID: PMC3933282 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-010-9801-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2010] [Accepted: 09/18/2010] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The diagnosis of acute Kawasaki disease (KD) is based on characteristic clinical signs and not on a specific diagnostic test. The authors performed a comprehensive evaluation of acute-phase reactants in KD to determine which of the acute-phase reactants would most accurately distinguish KD from other febrile illnesses. Blood was collected from 218 cases of febrile children with KD (64 cases); bacterial pneumonia (74 cases); hand, foot, and mouth disease (31 cases); and upper respiratory tract infection (49 cases) in acute-stage illness before any therapy. The demographics, body temperature, and laboratory markers including white blood cell count, red blood cell count, and levels of hemoglobin, platelets, C-reactive protein, haptoglobin, apolipoprotein A-I, and apolipoprotein B were evaluated. Using post hoc analysis, the platelet count (10(3)/μl) and haptoglobin/apolipoprotein A-I ratio were significantly higher for the KD patients (404.64 ± 161.68, P = 0.004; 4.74 ± 2.73, P < 0.001) than for the other groups including patients with pneumonia (272.76 ± 115.07, 2.03 ± 1.88); hand, foot, and mouth disease (274 ± 105.9, 2.24 ± 1.19); and upper respiratory tract infection (282.06 ± 107.72, 1.4 ± 0.98). The best cutoff value of the haptoglobin/apolipoprotein A-I ratio obtained from receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves for KD was 2 (area under the ROC curve, 0.88; 95% confidence interval, 0.801-0.955), with a sensitivity of 89.7% and a specificity of 85.6% for detecting KD. Our data indicate that the serum haptoglobin/apolipoprotein A-I ratio could be a useful supplemental laboratory marker for the acute phase of KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yii Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Monesha Gupta-Malhotra
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children’s Memorial Hermann Hospital, University of Texas-Houston Medical School, 6411 Fannin Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Joh-Jong Huang
- Department of Family Medicine, Yuan’s General Hospital, No. 162 Cheng Kung 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80249, Taiwan
| | - Fei-Kai Syu
- The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Teh-Yang Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Kim KW, Kim HY, Chun JK, Cha BH, Namgoong MK, Kwon W, Lee HY. Relationship between gallbladder distension and lipid profiles in kawasaki disease. Korean Circ J 2010; 40:137-40. [PMID: 20339499 PMCID: PMC2844980 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2010.40.3.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis in children which causes coronary arterial dilatation (CAD) and gallbladder distension (GBD). There is a dearth of investigating the relationship between the severity of KD and GBD with lipid profiles. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 80 patients with 'complete KD' who were diagnosed from January 2005 to May 2009 was enrolled in this study. Serum cholesterol {total, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C)}, triglyceride (TG), complete blood count, inflammation markers {erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP)} were measured at the time of admission during febrile period. Echocardiography and abdominal sonogram were performed in all patients to determine CAD and gallbladder size. According to GBD, patients with KD were classified as patients with GBD and patients without GBD. Between two groups, demographic and clinical data were analyzed. RESULTS The serum level of LDL-C was significantly lower in patients with GBD (p=0.03) compared with patients without GBD or febrile control. There was no significant difference in inflammatory indices between patients with GBD and patients without GBD. GBD was not significant risk factor of CAD in this study (odds ratio=2.0, 95% confidence interval=0.82-5.3, p=0.16). CONCLUSION This is the first study that highlights the relationship between the GBD and lipid metabolism in patients with KD. This study provides clinical insights about potential mechanism underpinning the relationship between the GBD and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Won Kim
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Wonju Christian Hospital, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
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Shetty V, Allampallam K, Raza A. Increased macrophages, high serum M-CSF and low serum cholesterol in myelodysplasia and Kawasaki disease. Br J Haematol 1999; 106:1068. [PMID: 10520017 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.1999.01701.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Cabana VG, Reardon CA, Wei B, Lukens JR, Getz GS. SAA-only HDL formed during the acute phase response in apoA-I+/+ and apoA-I–/– mice. J Lipid Res 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)33513-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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